Drainage anchor, slope support structure and irrigation system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of slope protection, specifically to a drainage anchor, a slope protection structure, and an irrigation system. The drainage anchor includes an anchoring component, an enclosure component, and a drainage component. The anchoring component includes an anchor core and a grouting pipe. The enclosure component includes several channel-shaped members arranged at intervals around the anchor core, with a mesh connecting adjacent channel-shaped members. The enclosure area of ​​the channel-shaped members and the mesh is used to fill grouting material, and the grouting pipe is used to inject grout into the enclosure area. The drainage component includes a first drainage pipe and a permeable material. The first drainage pipe is located within the channel-shaped members, and the permeable material fills the channel-shaped members and wraps around the outside of the first drainage pipe. The first drainage pipe has several permeable holes. This drainage anchor can drain water from the slope, effectively reducing the pore water pressure inside the slope, reducing the risk of geological disasters such as landslides caused by water accumulation, thereby improving the overall stability of the slope and providing reliable protection for the safety of slope engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope protection, and particularly to a drainage anchor, a slope protection structure, and an irrigation system. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of slope engineering, anchored frame beams play a crucial role as a widely used support structure. Their core component—the anchor—is securely anchored within the slope, providing effective support and reinforcement through its interaction with the surrounding soil and rock. However, existing anchored frame beam structures often fail to adequately consider the critical factor of slope drainage during design. During heavy rainfall, large amounts of water rapidly accumulate within the slope, and due to the lack of an effective drainage mechanism, this water cannot be discharged in time. As water continues to accumulate, the pore water pressure within the slope increases significantly. This change severely weakens the strength of the soil and rock, leading to a substantial decrease in the overall stability of the slope and posing a significant safety hazard to slope engineering projects. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problem in existing technologies where anchor bolts do not consider slope drainage, resulting in the inability to drain water from the slope during rainfall and a significant reduction in the overall stability of the slope. Therefore, this invention provides a drainage anchor bolt, a slope support structure, and an irrigation system.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a drainage anchor bolt, comprising:

[0005] An anchoring component, comprising an anchor core, a grouting area, and a grouting pipe, wherein the anchor core and the grouting pipe are both located in the grouting area;

[0006] An enclosing component includes several channel-shaped parts, which are arranged at intervals around the anchor core. The openings of the channel-shaped parts face outwards, and the axial direction of the channel-shaped parts is parallel to the axial direction of the anchor core. A mesh is connected between two adjacent channel-shaped parts. The area enclosed by the channel-shaped parts and the mesh is used to fill grouting material, and the grouting pipe is used to inject grout into the enclosing area.

[0007] A drainage component, comprising a first drainage pipe and a permeable material, wherein the first drainage pipe is located in the trough-shaped component, the axial direction of the first drainage pipe is consistent with the axial direction of the trough-shaped component, the permeable material is filled in the trough-shaped component and wrapped around the outside of the first drainage pipe, and the first drainage pipe is provided with a plurality of permeable holes.

[0008] This invention provides a drainage anchor bolt. The anchor core serves as the component that bears tensile force, ensuring the anchor bolt can stably withstand stress in the slope soil. A grouting pipe delivers grouting material into the area where the anchor core is located. The enclosed area of ​​the channel and the mesh is filled with grouting material. The mesh allows the grouting material to pass through, enabling it to bond with the slope soil and thus anchoring the anchor bolt firmly in the slope soil. The channel accommodates a first drainage pipe and permeable material, with its axis parallel to the axis of the anchor core. The axis of the first drainage pipe is aligned with the axis of the channel, ensuring that water in the first drainage pipe can drain outwards along the axis of the anchor core. Water in the slope soil can enter the channel through the permeable material and then enter the first drainage pipe through permeable holes.

[0009] This invention provides a drainage anchor bolt. Through the placement of the grooved component and the drainage element within it, the anchor bolt also functions as a drainage device. When rainfall or other factors cause water accumulation within a slope, this drainage anchor bolt can drain the water, effectively reducing pore water pressure within the slope and mitigating the risk of landslides and other geological disasters caused by water accumulation. This significantly improves the overall stability of the slope and provides reliable protection for slope engineering safety.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of skeleton plates are connected between two adjacent channel-shaped components, and the skeleton plates are distributed longitudinally along the channel-shaped components. In this scheme, the skeleton plates are connected to the outer walls of two adjacent channel-shaped components. This connection method can effectively enhance the integrity among the multiple channel-shaped components surrounding the anchor core, making the entire structure more stable.

[0011] Preferably, the outer side of the first drainage pipe is wrapped with geotextile. In this design, the geotextile is used to filter soil, preventing soil from entering the first drainage pipe through the permeable holes, thereby ensuring the smooth drainage of the first drainage pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of pairs of support rods are provided near the opening of the channel-shaped component, and the plurality of pairs of support rods are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the channel-shaped component. In this design, the two ends of each pair of support rods are respectively supported between the two inner sidewalls of the channel-shaped component. During the grouting operation, the grouting material will exert a large compressive force on the channel-shaped component, and the pair of support rods can disperse this force, effectively enhancing the structural strength of the channel-shaped component, thereby reducing the deformation of the channel-shaped component caused by the compression of the grouting material.

[0013] The mesh can be a plastic mesh or a wire mesh.

[0014] Preferably, the mesh is made of steel wire mesh with an aperture of 8mm-15mm and a wire diameter of 2mm-4mm. Compared to plastic mesh, steel wire mesh has higher structural strength, can better withstand external forces, and is less prone to deformation or damage. The wire diameter of 2mm-4mm enhances the overall strength of the mesh, thereby improving the overall strength of the entire enclosure component. The aperture of 8mm-15mm reduces the amount of broken soil or gravel falling into the anchor holes, which could block the grouting area and affect the grouting quality. The mesh also strengthens the soil around the anchor holes.

[0015] Preferably, the number of the grooved components is four or six, and the grooved components are evenly arranged around the anchor core.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a slope support structure, including longitudinal beams, transverse beams, and a drainage anchor as described in the first aspect. Both the longitudinal beams and the transverse beams are arranged on the slope surface. The transverse beams are arranged along the length of the slope, and the longitudinal beams are arranged along the slope gradient. The inner anchor end of the drainage anchor is located within the slope body, and the outer anchor end is located at the intersection of the longitudinal beams and the transverse beams. The elevation of the outer anchor end of the drainage anchor is not higher than the elevation of the inner anchor end of the drainage anchor. A second drainage pipe is provided in the longitudinal beam, arranged axially along the longitudinal beam and extending to the bottom of the slope. The first drainage pipe communicates with the second drainage pipe.

[0017] This invention provides a slope support structure. The drainage anchor is used to anchor itself in the soil of the slope. The outer anchor end of the drainage anchor is located at the intersection of the longitudinal beam and the transverse beam, thereby fixing the longitudinal beam and the transverse beam to the slope surface. This allows the longitudinal beam and the transverse beam to work synergistically with the drainage anchor to jointly construct an effective slope support system. The elevation of the outer anchor end of the drainage anchor is not higher than the elevation of the inner anchor end. This is to ensure that accumulated water in the soil, after entering the first drainage pipe in the drainage anchor, can flow smoothly from the first drainage pipe to the outside of the slope under the drive of gravity. The second drainage pipe in the longitudinal beam is used to collect the accumulated water flowing out from the first drainage pipe. The water flowing out of the first drainage pipe will flow into the second drainage pipe, and then be guided to the bottom of the slope through the second drainage pipe. This avoids the water in the first drainage pipe being directly discharged onto the slope surface, effectively preventing the water from directly scouring and eroding the slope surface, thus ensuring the long-term stability and safety of the slope, greatly extending the service life of the slope, and reducing the safety hazards and later maintenance costs caused by slope erosion.

[0018] This invention provides a slope support structure that uses drainage anchors, longitudinal beams, and transverse beams to form an effective slope support system. Through the first drainage pipe in the drainage anchors and the second drainage pipe in the longitudinal beams, accumulated water in the slope is directly discharged to the bottom of the slope, effectively preventing direct scouring and erosion of the slope surface by accumulated water, thereby ensuring the long-term stability and safety of the slope.

[0019] The first drainage pipes in the drainage anchor can be connected to the second drainage pipe through independent pipes. Alternatively, the first drainage pipes in the drainage anchor can be connected to the second drainage pipe through a pipe fitting, which is a pipe connector with multiple joints.

[0020] Preferably, the intersection node is provided with a pipe fitting, which includes an annular pipe, an upper branch pipe, a lower branch pipe, and several circumferential branch pipes. The upper branch pipe, the lower branch pipe, and the several circumferential branch pipes are respectively connected to the annular pipe. The number and position of the circumferential branch pipes match the number and position of the first drainage pipes in the drainage anchor. The circumferential branch pipes are connected to the corresponding first drainage pipes. The upper branch pipes are connected to the second drainage pipes in the longitudinal beam adjacent to the pipe fitting above it. The lower branch pipes are connected to the second drainage pipes in the longitudinal beam adjacent to the pipe fitting below it.

[0021] In this design, the annular pipe serves as the main body of the pipe fitting. The circumferential branch pipe is connected to the first drainage pipe, the upper branch pipe is connected to the second drainage pipe in the adjacent upper longitudinal beam, and the lower branch pipe is connected to the second drainage pipe in the adjacent lower longitudinal beam.

[0022] Preferably, the annular pipe has a central hole through which the anchor core of the drainage anchor rod passes. In this design, since the annular pipe typically occupies a certain amount of structural space, if the central hole is not provided for the anchor core to pass through, the annular pipe will directly block the path of the anchor core's outward extension, hindering its normal extension. By allowing the anchor core to pass through the central hole, the obstruction of the annular pipe is cleverly avoided, ensuring that the anchor core can extend outward smoothly and without interference, thus guaranteeing that the drainage anchor rod can perform its anchoring function normally.

[0023] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an irrigation system comprising a slope and a slope support structure as described in the second aspect, wherein the bottom of the slope is provided with a permeable layer and a planting soil layer, the planting soil layer being located above the permeable layer, the side of the permeable layer near the slope being connected to a second drainage pipe in the slope support structure, and the side of the permeable layer away from the slope being connected to a water collection ditch.

[0024] This invention provides an irrigation system in which a permeable layer collects water from a second drainage pipe, a planting soil layer is used for planting vegetation, and the permeable layer replenishes the planting soil layer with necessary planting moisture. A collection ditch collects excess water from the permeable layer. This solution guides water from the slope to the planting soil layer at the bottom of the slope, reusing the drained water and promoting water resource recycling. This not only strengthens the engineering safety of the slope but also enhances its ecological sustainability.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] 1. This invention provides a drainage anchor bolt, which, through the arrangement of the grooved component and the drainage element within it, enables the anchor bolt to also perform the function of outward drainage. When rainfall or other factors cause water accumulation within the slope, this drainage anchor bolt can drain the water from the slope, effectively reducing the pore water pressure within the slope and decreasing the risk of geological disasters such as landslides caused by water accumulation. This significantly improves the overall stability of the slope and provides reliable protection for the safety of slope engineering.

[0027] 2. This invention provides a slope support structure, which, together with the drainage anchors, longitudinal beams, and transverse beams, forms an effective slope support system. Through the first drainage pipe in the drainage anchors and the second drainage pipe in the longitudinal beams, accumulated water in the slope is directly discharged to the bottom of the slope, effectively preventing direct scouring and erosion of the slope surface by accumulated water, thereby ensuring the long-term stability and safety of the slope.

[0028] 3. The present invention provides an irrigation system that guides the water accumulated in the slope to the planting soil layer at the bottom of the slope, and reuses the water discharged from the slope, thereby promoting the recycling of water resources, consolidating the engineering safety of the slope, and enhancing its ecological sustainability. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a drainage anchor rod in Example 1.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the intersection location of the slope support structure in Example 2.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the slope support structure in Example 2.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pipe fitting in Example 2.

[0033] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of an irrigation system in Example 3.

[0034] Marked in the image:

[0035] 1-Anchoring components,

[0036] 101-Anchor core, 102-Grouting area, 103-Grouting pipe

[0037] 2-Drainage components,

[0038] 201 - First drainage pipe, 202 - Permeable material

[0039] 3-Enclosing components,

[0040] 301 - Wire mesh, 302 - Channel-shaped part, 303 - Support rod,

[0041] 4-Frame plate,

[0042] 5-Pipe fittings,

[0043] 501 - Circular pipe, 502 - Circumferential branch pipe, 503 - Upper branch pipe, 504 - Lower branch pipe, 505 - Central hole.

[0044] 6-Cross nodes,

[0045] 7-Anchor plate,

[0046] 8-Longitudinal beam,

[0047] 801-Second Drain Pipe

[0048] 9-Crossbeam,

[0049] 10-Permeable layer,

[0050] 11-Planting soil layer,

[0051] 12-Water collection ditch. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0053] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer," etc., used in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention to indicate orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is usually placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, and for enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0054] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," and "coaxial" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, parallel, or coaxial. Slight tilt or deviation is permissible, as long as it does not affect the normal function of the relevant component. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be perfectly horizontal; a slight tilt is acceptable. "Coaxial" means that two components are arranged as coaxially as possible, allowing them to move coaxially or approximately coaxially when their relative positions change. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when arranged in "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," or "coaxial" directions, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. For example, the deviation in the "coaxial" direction is controlled within 0.2-1mm, preferably within 0.2-0.5mm. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the solution of the present invention.

[0055] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0056] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.

[0057] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to connection methods commonly used in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, a drainage anchor bolt includes an anchoring component 1, an enclosure component 3, and a drainage component 2.

[0060] The anchoring component 1 includes an anchor core 101 and a grouting area 102.

[0061] The enclosing component 3 includes several channel-shaped parts 302, which are arranged at intervals around the anchor core 101. The openings of the channel-shaped parts 302 face outwards, and the axial direction of the channel-shaped parts 302 is parallel to the axial direction of the anchor core 101. A mesh 301 connects two adjacent channel-shaped parts 302. The enclosed area of ​​the channel-shaped parts 302 and the mesh 301 is used to fill grouting material, and the grouting pipe 103 is used to inject grout into the enclosed area. Specifically, the channel-shaped parts 302 and the mesh 301 enclose and form a grouting area 102, in which the anchor core 101 and the grouting pipe 103 are both located.

[0062] The drainage component 2 includes a first drainage pipe 201 and a permeable material 202. The first drainage pipe 201 is located in the groove 302, and the axial direction of the first drainage pipe 201 is consistent with the axial direction of the groove 302. The permeable material 202 fills the groove 302 and wraps around the outside of the first drainage pipe 201. Several permeable holes are provided on the first drainage pipe 201.

[0063] Specifically, the cross-section of the channel member 302 is U-shaped, and several channel members 302 are arranged symmetrically around the anchor core 101 and recessed within the grouting area 102. The extension direction of the channel member 302 is parallel to the axial direction of the anchor core 101. The channel member 302 serves to separate the grouting area 102 from the drainage area where the drainage component 2 is located, ensuring that the grouting area 102 and the drainage area can extend simultaneously along the full longitudinal length of the drainage anchor, avoiding discontinuous anchoring or drainage, and improving the anchoring strength and drainage efficiency of the drainage anchor.

[0064] The channel component 302 can be made of engineering plastic or steel, and its wall thickness can be 2mm-3mm. The grouting area 102 occupies 1 / 2 to 7 / 9 of the total cross-sectional area of ​​the drainage anchor bolt, specifically 1 / 2, 2 / 3, or 7 / 9. The circumferential length of the mesh 301 is 2 / 3 to 5 / 6 of the perimeter of the drainage anchor bolt cross-section, specifically 2 / 3, 3 / 4, or 5 / 6. The first drainage pipe 201 can be a corrugated pipe, a permeable pipe, or a PVC pipe. The permeable material 202 can be sand or gravel or expanded clay. The anchoring component 1, the enclosure component 3, and the drainage component 2 can be prefabricated and assembled in the factory to improve on-site construction efficiency. The first drainage pipe 201 can be placed deep within the channel component 302 to ensure that the permeable material 202 can contact the rock strata or soil around the anchor bolt hole, guiding water from the rock strata or soil into the first drainage pipe 201.

[0065] The diameter of the anchor core 101 can be selected according to the specific needs of the project, but the diameter of the corresponding anchor hole, the size of the groove part 302, the size of the mesh 301, and the outer diameter of the first drainage pipe 201 must also be adapted accordingly. The anchor core 101 and the grouting pipe 103 are arranged side by side, and the grouting pipe 103 and the anchor core 101 can be connected by welding or binding.

[0066] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of skeleton plates 4 may be connected between two adjacent grooved parts 302, and the plurality of skeleton plates 4 are distributed longitudinally along the grooved parts 302.

[0067] Specifically, the material of the skeleton plate 4 can be the same as that of the channel part 302. The skeleton plate 4 and the channel part 302 can be connected by welding, snap-fit ​​connection, or integral molding. The thickness of the skeleton plate 4 can be 2mm-3mm, and the spacing between two adjacent skeleton plates 4 can be 15cm-30cm. The plane on which the skeleton plate 4 is located can be perpendicular to or parallel to the axis of the drainage anchor rod, preferably parallel to the axis of the drainage anchor rod, so as to reduce the obstruction effect of the skeleton plate 4 on the flow of grouting material.

[0068] The skeleton plate 4 is located in the grouting area 102. Because the skeleton plate 4 is positioned in the grouting area 102, it ensures that it will not exceed the area enclosed by the channel member 302 and the mesh 301. In this way, the drainage anchor will not be obstructed during insertion into the anchor hole due to the protrusion of the skeleton plate 4, ensuring that the drainage anchor is smoothly inserted into the anchor hole and improving installation efficiency.

[0069] In an optional embodiment, the outer side of the first drainage pipe 201 may be wrapped with geotextile. The geotextile is used to effectively prevent debris particles from entering the first drainage pipe 201 while ensuring drainage effect, thereby preventing clogging and affecting drainage effect.

[0070] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of pairs of support rods 303 may be provided near the opening of the channel member 302, and the plurality of pairs of support rods 303 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the channel member 302. Specifically, the pair of support rods 303 may be screws, with both ends of the pair of support rods 303 passing through the sidewalls of the channel member 302 and locked by nuts. The distance between the pair of support rods 303 and the opening of the channel member 302 may be 1 / 3 of the depth of the channel member 302. The screws may be plastic screws to improve the durability of the pair of support rods 303 in a wet environment.

[0071] In an optional embodiment, the mesh 301 can be a wire mesh with an aperture of 8mm-15mm, specifically 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, or 15mm. The diameter of the wire in the wire mesh is 2mm-4mm, specifically 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, or 4mm.

[0072] Specifically, the mesh 301 and the channel part 302 can be connected by welding or by binding after making holes in the side wall of the channel part 302.

[0073] In an optional embodiment, the number of channel-shaped components 302 can be four or six, and the channel-shaped components 302 can be evenly arranged around the anchor core 101. When the number of channel-shaped components 302 is four, the interval angle between two adjacent channel-shaped components 302 is 90°; when the number of channel-shaped components 302 is six, the interval angle between two adjacent channel-shaped components 302 is 60°. This scheme can ensure that the drainage component 2 performs a uniform drainage function, while ensuring that the grouting material in the grouting area 102 is evenly bonded to the hole wall around the anchor bolt hole.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] like Figures 2-3 As shown, a slope support structure includes a longitudinal beam 8, a transverse beam 9, and a drainage anchor as described in Embodiment 1. The longitudinal beam 8 and the transverse beam 9 are both arranged on the slope surface. The transverse beam 9 is arranged along the length of the slope, and the longitudinal beam 8 is arranged along the slope direction of the slope. The inner anchor end of the drainage anchor is located in the slope body, and the outer anchor end of the drainage anchor is located at the intersection node 6 of the longitudinal beam 8 and the transverse beam 9. The elevation of the outer anchor end of the drainage anchor is not higher than the elevation of the inner anchor end of the drainage anchor. A second drainage pipe 801 is provided in the longitudinal beam 8. The second drainage pipe 801 is arranged along the axial direction of the longitudinal beam 8 and extends to the bottom of the slope. The first drainage pipe 201 is connected to the second drainage pipe 801.

[0076] Specifically, both the longitudinal beam 8 and the transverse beam 9 can be cast in concrete with an internal steel reinforcement cage. The second drainage pipe 801 is embedded inside the longitudinal beam 8, specifically at a depth of about 1 / 3 of the thickness of the longitudinal beam 8 on the side closest to the slope surface. The diameter of the second drainage pipe 801 is larger than that of the first drainage pipe 201.

[0077] The elevation of the outer anchor end of the drainage anchor can be 10cm-50cm lower than the elevation of the inner anchor end, or the angle between the drainage anchor and the horizontal plane can be 5°-30°. This scheme can prevent runoff from forming on the slope surface, eroding the slope soil, and thus causing soil erosion and endangering slope stability.

[0078] In an optional embodiment, the intersection node 6 may be provided with a pipe fitting 5, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the pipe fitting 5 may include an annular pipe 501, an upper branch pipe 503, a lower branch pipe 504, and several circumferential branch pipes 502. The upper branch pipe 503, the lower branch pipe 504, and the several circumferential branch pipes 502 are respectively connected to the annular pipe 501. The number and position of the circumferential branch pipes 502 match the number and position of the first drainage pipes 201 in the drainage anchor. The circumferential branch pipes 502 are connected to the corresponding first drainage pipes 201. The upper branch pipe 503 is connected to the second drainage pipe 801 in the longitudinal beam 8 adjacent above the pipe fitting 5. The lower branch pipe 504 is connected to the second drainage pipe 801 in the longitudinal beam 8 adjacent below the pipe fitting 5.

[0079] Specifically, the intersection node 6 can be filled with ordinary concrete or permeable concrete, and the permeable concrete can be replaced with other permeable cementitious materials with higher load-bearing capacity. The ordinary concrete and the permeable concrete can prevent large displacement of the pipe fittings 5 ​​within the intersection node 6 under compressive stress, ensuring that the connection between the first drainage pipe 201 and the second drainage pipe 801 and the pipe fittings 5 ​​does not shift. The filling thickness of the ordinary concrete or permeable concrete in the intersection node 6 can be half the thickness of the longitudinal beam 8, or it can be flush with the top surface of the longitudinal beam 8.

[0080] Specifically, fitting 5 can be made of PVC. The cross-sectional dimension of the bottom end of the second drain pipe 801 can be smaller than the cross-sectional dimension of the upper branch pipe 503, so that the bottom end of the second drain pipe 801 can be quickly inserted into the upper branch pipe 503. The cross-sectional dimension of the top end of the second drain pipe 801 can be larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the lower branch pipe 504, so that the lower branch pipe 504 can be quickly inserted into the top end of the second drain pipe 801.

[0081] The intersection node 6, longitudinal beam 8, and transverse beam 9 can all be prefabricated in the factory. The connection between pipe fitting 5 and the second drainage pipe 801 can also be carried out during the fabrication of longitudinal beam 8.

[0082] In an optional embodiment, the annular pipe 501 may have a central hole 505, through which the anchor core 101 of the drainage anchor rod passes. Specifically, the anchor core 101 extends from the intersection node 6 and is anchored to the outside of the intersection node 6 by the anchor plate 7. The anchor plate 7 may be a circular steel plate with a thickness of 1cm-2cm.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] like Figure 5 As shown, an irrigation system includes a slope and a slope support structure as described in Example 2. The bottom of the slope is provided with a permeable layer 10 and a planting soil layer 11. The planting soil layer 11 is located above the permeable layer 10. The side of the permeable layer 10 closest to the slope is connected to the second drainage pipe 801 in the slope support structure, and the side of the permeable layer 10 furthest from the slope is connected to a water collection ditch 12.

[0085] Specifically, a second drainage pipe 801, located within a longitudinal beam 8 at the bottom of the slope, extends downwards from the bottom of the beam 8 and into the permeable layer 10. The planting soil layer 11 can be fertile soil. Water within the slope is discharged through the drainage anchor into the second drainage pipe 801 within the longitudinal beam 8, ultimately converging into the permeable layer 10 at the bottom of the slope. This water can be directly used for irrigating vegetation on the planting soil layer 11 or collected in the drainage ditch 12 for reuse. This irrigation system not only drains accumulated water from the slope and collects it at the bottom, reducing pore water pressure and enhancing the stability of the slope structure, but also promotes the recycling of water resources, thus consolidating the engineering safety of the slope and enhancing its ecological sustainability.

[0086] Example 4

[0087] This embodiment describes a construction method for an irrigation system as described in Embodiment 3, including the following steps:

[0088] S1: Drainage anchor rods of the corresponding dimensions, as well as longitudinal beams 8 and transverse beams 9, are prefabricated in the factory according to the project requirements.

[0089] S2: Using a lattice beam slotting installation trolley, longitudinal and transverse slots are made on the slope surface of the slope at the corresponding installation positions of the longitudinal beam 8 and the transverse beam 9.

[0090] S3: Using an anchoring trolley, drill anchor bolt holes at the longitudinal and transverse slotted joints according to the designed depth and inclination angle. After the anchor bolt holes are drilled, clean the soil and debris inside the anchor bolt holes.

[0091] S4: Use the anchoring trolley to insert the drainage anchor into the anchor hole, adjust the position of the drainage anchor, and then start grouting through the grouting pipe 103.

[0092] S5: Using a lattice beam slotting installation trolley, install longitudinal beams 8 and transverse beams 9 in the slots. Install pipe fittings 5 ​​at the intersection node 6. Connect the circumferential branch pipe 502 of pipe fitting 5 to the first drainage pipe 201 of the drainage anchor rod. Connect the upper branch pipe 503 of pipe fitting 5 to the bottom end of the second drainage pipe 801 in the adjacent upper longitudinal beam 8. Connect the lower branch pipe 504 of pipe fitting 5 to the top end of the second drainage pipe 801 in the adjacent lower longitudinal beam 8.

[0093] S6: On the outer side of the slope bottom, a permeable layer 10 and a planting soil layer 11 are filled from bottom to top. A water collection ditch 12 is built on the side of the permeable layer 10 away from the slope bottom. The connection between the second drainage pipe 801 in the lowest longitudinal beam 8 and the permeable layer 10 is cleared. Evergreen vegetation is planted above the planting soil layer 11.

[0094] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drainage anchor bolt, characterized in that, include: Anchoring component (1), the anchoring component (1) includes anchor core (101) and grouting pipe (103). Enclosing component (3), the enclosing component (3) includes a plurality of channel-shaped components (302), the plurality of channel-shaped components (302) are arranged at intervals around the anchor core (101), the opening of the channel-shaped component (302) faces outward, the axial direction of the channel-shaped component (302) is parallel to the axial direction of the anchor core (101), a mesh (301) is connected between two adjacent channel-shaped components (302), the enclosing area of ​​the channel-shaped component (302) and the mesh (301) is used to fill grouting material, and the grouting pipe (103) is used to grout the enclosing area; Drainage component (2), the drainage component (2) includes a first drainage pipe (201) and a permeable material (202), the first drainage pipe (201) is located in the grooved component (302), the axial direction of the first drainage pipe (201) is consistent with the axial direction of the grooved component (302), the permeable material (202) is filled in the grooved component (302) and wrapped around the outside of the first drainage pipe (201), and the first drainage pipe (201) is provided with a plurality of permeable holes; The permeable material (202) can contact the rock or soil around the anchor hole, thereby guiding the water in the rock or soil into the first drainage pipe (201).

2. A drainage anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of skeleton plates (4) are connected between two adjacent grooved parts (302), and the plurality of skeleton plates (4) are distributed longitudinally along the grooved parts (302).

3. A drainage anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first drainage pipe (201) is wrapped with geotextile on the outside.

4. A drainage anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of pairs of support rods (303) are provided near the opening of the grooved component (302), and the plurality of pairs of support rods (303) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the grooved component (302).

5. A drainage anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mesh (301) is a wire mesh with an aperture of 8mm-15mm and a wire diameter of 2mm-4mm.

6. A drainage anchor bolt according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The number of the grooved components (302) is four or six, and the grooved components (302) are evenly arranged around the anchor core (101).

7. A slope protection structure, characterized in that, The system includes a longitudinal beam (8), a transverse beam (9), and a drainage anchor as described in any one of claims 1-6. The longitudinal beam (8) and the transverse beam (9) are both arranged on the slope surface of the slope. The transverse beam (9) is arranged along the length direction of the slope, and the longitudinal beam (8) is arranged along the slope direction of the slope. The inner anchor end of the drainage anchor is located in the slope body of the slope, and the outer anchor end of the drainage anchor is located at the intersection node (6) of the longitudinal beam (8) and the transverse beam (9). The elevation of the outer anchor end of the drainage anchor is not higher than the elevation of the inner anchor end of the drainage anchor. A second drainage pipe (801) is provided in the longitudinal beam (8). The second drainage pipe (801) is arranged along the axial direction of the longitudinal beam (8) and extends to the bottom of the slope. The first drainage pipe (201) is connected to the second drainage pipe (801).

8. A slope protection structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The intersection node (6) is provided with a pipe fitting (5), which includes an annular pipe (501), an upper branch pipe (503), a lower branch pipe (504) and several circumferential branch pipes (502). The upper branch pipe (503), the lower branch pipe (504) and several circumferential branch pipes (502) are respectively connected to the annular pipe (501). The number and position of the circumferential branch pipes (502) match the number and position of the first drainage pipe (201) in the drainage anchor. The circumferential branch pipe (502) is connected to the corresponding first drainage pipe (201). The upper branch pipe (503) is connected to the second drainage pipe (801) in the longitudinal beam (8) adjacent above the pipe fitting (5). The lower branch pipe (504) is connected to the second drainage pipe (801) in the longitudinal beam (8) adjacent below the pipe fitting (5).

9. A slope protection structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The annular pipe (501) has a central hole (505) at its center, and the anchor core (101) of the drainage anchor rod passes through the central hole (505).

10. An irrigation system, characterized in that, The slope includes a slope and a slope support structure as described in any one of claims 7-9. The slope has a permeable layer (10) and a planting soil layer (11) at its bottom. The planting soil layer (11) is located above the permeable layer (10). The side of the permeable layer (10) closest to the slope is connected to the second drainage pipe (801) in the slope support structure. The side of the permeable layer (10) furthest from the slope is connected to the water collection ditch (12).

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