Artificial island steel cylinder-based double air chamber OWC wave energy power generation structure

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of double air chamber OWC wave energy structure based on artificial island steel cylinder, belong to marine wave energy utilization technical field, structure includes adjacent steel cylinder and the wave energy unit embedded between them;Wave energy unit is provided with air chamber main body, air chamber main body is separated into first air chamber and second air chamber by partition wall sequentially arranged along the direction of wave propagation inside, first air chamber is located outside, and second air chamber is located inside;Second air chamber extends horizontally via one side of first air chamber, and is connected to water inlet.The structure integrates wave energy unit in the assembly space between adjacent steel cylinder, realize seamless integration with artificial island main body, save space and cost;Second air chamber effectively prolongs hydraulic path because flow channel is longer, inertia is greater, and stable response long-period wave.First air chamber is close to water inlet, response is fast, and short-period wave is efficiently captured.Double air chamber cooperates to realize the frequency utilization of wide frequency wave energy, significantly improve conversion efficiency and power generation stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ocean wave energy utilization technology, and particularly relates to a double-chamber OWC wave energy generation structure based on an artificial island steel cylinder. Background Technology

[0002] The large-diameter steel cylinder submerged cofferdam method is a typical and efficient island-building technique. It involves submerging multiple large-diameter steel cylinders along a predetermined contour into the seabed to form the main retaining structure. Sub-compartments (internal compartments or connecting structures linking adjacent steel cylinders) are then used to connect these cylinders, creating a closed or semi-closed island area. This method offers advantages such as rapid construction, good structural integrity, and strong wave resistance, and has been successfully applied to numerous major marine infrastructure projects.

[0003] However, once an artificial island is operational, it typically requires a large amount of electrical equipment to support basic functions such as traffic management, security monitoring, production operations, and living quarters. Because artificial islands are mostly isolated, surrounded by water, and connected to the mainland only by bridges or undersea tunnels, traditional power supply methods (such as submarine cable transmission or diesel generators) often face problems such as high costs, difficult maintenance, significant environmental impact, or insufficient energy security. Therefore, it is urgent to comprehensively consider localized, clean, and sustainable energy supply solutions during the design phase of artificial islands, especially making full use of the abundant marine renewable energy resources in the surrounding area.

[0004] While some research has been conducted on wave energy generation technology for offshore facilities, its practical application still faces significant limitations. Installing separate wave energy generation devices for artificial islands not only occupies additional space and increases construction costs, but existing oscillating water column (OWC) wave energy devices mostly employ a single-chamber structure, making them difficult to adapt to wave conditions of different cycles and resulting in low wave energy collection efficiency. This fails to meet the demand for stable, efficient, and green electricity from artificial islands. Furthermore, existing OWC devices are mostly auxiliary facilities and have not yet achieved functional and spatial integration with the main structure of the artificial island, thus failing to realize the potential for multi-functional use of infrastructure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0006] Therefore, one aspect of this application proposes a dual-chamber OWC wave energy generation structure based on an artificial island steel cylinder, comprising:

[0007] At least two steel cylinders are arranged side by side, and an assembly space is formed between adjacent steel cylinders;

[0008] A wave energy unit is disposed within the assembly space and connected to two adjacent steel cylinders; the wave energy unit includes:

[0009] The air chamber body has a water inlet on the side facing the direction of the incoming wave; the air chamber body also has an air outlet for connecting to a generator set.

[0010] The main body of the air chamber is divided into a first air chamber and a second air chamber arranged sequentially along the wave propagation direction by a partition wall. The first air chamber is located on the outside and the second air chamber is located on the inside.

[0011] The second air chamber extends horizontally through one side of the first air chamber and connects to the water inlet.

[0012] In this technical solution, the structural design integrates the wave energy unit within the assembly space between adjacent artificial island steel cylinders. Inside the main body of the air chamber, a first outer air chamber and a second inner air chamber are sequentially arranged along the wave propagation direction. The second air chamber extends through the first air chamber and connects to the same inlet. This not only achieves seamless integration of the wave energy device with the main structure of the artificial island, significantly saving construction space and cost, but also cleverly extends the effective hydraulic path length of the second air chamber in the wave propagation direction. This layout allows the first air chamber to be close to the inlet and respond quickly, suitable for efficiently capturing water surface oscillations caused by short-period (high-frequency, small-amplitude) waves. The second air chamber, due to its inner location and the need for water flow to bypass it, has greater inertia and volume, enabling stable response to the water surface rise and fall motion of long-period (low-frequency, large-amplitude) waves. Thus, the dual air chambers achieve frequency-division utilization of energy from waves of different periods within a single structure, significantly broadening the effective operating frequency band of the device and improving the overall wave energy conversion efficiency and power generation stability.

[0013] In some embodiments, the two side boundaries of the air chamber body are respectively defined by the side walls of two adjacent steel cylinders facing each other, so that the two adjacent steel cylinders and the air chamber body together enclose the air chamber space, and the internal cross-sectional area of ​​the first air chamber gradually decreases from the outside to the inside along the wave propagation direction, while the internal cross-sectional area of ​​the second air chamber gradually increases.

[0014] In this technical solution, the structural design uses the opposing sidewalls of two adjacent steel cylinders as the boundaries of the main gas chamber, allowing the steel cylinders and the main gas chamber to collaboratively enclose and form a dual-chamber space. This not only eliminates the need for independent sidewalls, significantly reducing material and construction costs, but also achieves a high degree of integration between the wave energy device and the main structure of the artificial island. More importantly, this integration method allows the first gas chamber to utilize the outer portion of the assembly space, forming a contracting flow channel (with a gradually decreasing cross-sectional area) along the wave propagation direction. This accelerates the water flow and enhances the amplitude of water surface oscillations, thereby improving the energy response sensitivity to short-period waves. The second gas chamber, on the other hand, utilizes the inner portion of the assembly space, forming an expanding flow channel (with a gradually increasing cross-sectional area). This helps to mitigate water flow and stabilize water level fluctuations within the gas chamber, making it particularly suitable for efficiently capturing the large rise and fall motions of long-period waves. Thus, while sharing structural boundaries, the dual gas chambers achieve frequency-optimized capture of broadband wave energy through differentiated cross-sectional changes, significantly improving overall power generation efficiency and system operational stability.

[0015] In some embodiments, the partition wall includes:

[0016] The first partition wall is located in a vertical plane defined by the central axes of two adjacent steel cylinders;

[0017] The second partition wall is set horizontally, with one end connected to the first partition wall.

[0018] In this technical solution, the structural design, by setting a vertical first partition wall located in the vertical plane defined by the central axes of the two steel cylinders and connecting it to a horizontal second partition wall, not only achieves a clear spatial separation between the first and second air chambers but also naturally forms a connecting channel, allowing the second air chamber to communicate with the inlet fluid via one side of the first air chamber. By precisely setting the first partition wall in the vertical plane defined by the central axes of the two adjacent steel cylinders, a transversely symmetrical division of the assembly space is achieved. This ensures that the cross-sectional area of ​​the first air chamber located outside the first partition wall strictly decreases monotonically (from large to small) as it extends from the outer end facing the wave to the inner end, effectively forming a contracting flow channel and maximizing... This enhances the intensity of surface oscillations caused by short-period waves. Simultaneously, it ensures that the cross-sectional area of ​​the second air chamber, located inside the first partition wall, increases monotonically as it extends from the outer end near the first air chamber towards the inner side. This effectively forms an expanding, stable flow cavity, maximally mitigating water flow, suppressing vortex generation, and significantly stabilizing water level fluctuations within the air chamber. The central partition wall not only ensures the integrity and controllability of the cross-sectional change patterns of the two air chambers but also enables the entire air chamber system to achieve oscillation enhancement for short-period waves and flow mitigation for large-period waves in a symmetrical and stress-balanced state. This comprehensively improves the energy conversion efficiency and power output stability of the device under varying sea conditions.

[0019] In some embodiments, the air chamber body includes an outer wall located on the side facing the direction of wave incidence; the outer wall is in the shape of an outwardly convex arc.

[0020] In this technical solution, the structural design features an outwardly convex arc-shaped outer wall of the air chamber facing the direction of wave incidence. While maintaining the same horizontal projection width of the inlet, this significantly increases the actual length of the wave-facing edge, providing a larger effective inlet perimeter and wave-facing area, allowing more wave water to enter the air chamber. Simultaneously, this arc-shaped outer wall, together with the internal partition wall and the steel cylindrical sidewall, encloses the first air chamber in a fan-shaped cavity that is wider at the front and narrower at the back in the horizontal cross-section. This facilitates the convergence of incident wave energy towards the central region of the air chamber, enhancing the amplitude of water surface oscillations. Consequently, the first air chamber's response sensitivity and energy conversion efficiency to short-period waves are significantly improved.

[0021] In some embodiments, the air chamber body includes an inner wall located on the side away from the direction of wave incidence; the inner wall is in the shape of an inwardly convex arc.

[0022] In the technical solution, the structural design features an inwardly protruding arc shape on the inner wall of the air chamber on the side away from the direction of wave incidence. Without altering the overall external boundary of the air chamber, this effectively extends the length of the internal flow channel of the second air chamber along the wave propagation direction and significantly increases its internal volume. Simultaneously, this arc-shaped inner wall, together with the partition wall and the steel cylinder sidewall, encloses the second air chamber, forming a fan-shaped cavity structure that gradually expands from the outside to the inside in the horizontal cross-section. This fan-shaped expansion shape can better adapt to the large water movement caused by large-period waves, providing ample buffer space, effectively releasing water kinetic energy, and slowing down the rate of water level rise and fall, thereby significantly suppressing violent water surface swaying and improving the flow adaptability and operational stability of the second air chamber to long-period waves.

[0023] In some embodiments, the central axis of the outer wall and the central axis of the inner wall coincide in a vertical plane defined by the central axes of two adjacent steel cylinders, and the coincident central axis is located at the midpoint of the horizontal line connecting the central axes of the two steel cylinders; the radius of the arc of the outer wall is smaller than the radius of the arc of the inner wall.

[0024] In this technical solution, the structural design places the centers of curvature of both the outer and inner walls within a vertical plane defined by the central axes of two adjacent steel cylinders. This ensures that the main body of the air chamber forms a regular fan-shaped spatial form symmetrical about this central plane in its horizontal cross-section, providing a stable geometric basis for the orderly introduction and distribution of wave energy. Within this symmetrical fan-shaped framework, by limiting the radius of curvature of the outer wall to be smaller than that of the inner wall, the first air chamber achieves a shorter flow channel length and smaller internal space along the wave propagation direction, while the second air chamber has a longer extension length and larger volume. This "short in the front, long in the back" spatial configuration enables the first air chamber to efficiently respond to high-frequency water surface oscillations caused by small-period waves, while simultaneously providing the second air chamber with sufficient buffering capacity to mitigate large-amplitude water movements caused by large-period waves. This synergistically enhances the energy adaptability and conversion stability to multi-scale waves within a single integrated structure.

[0025] In some embodiments, the radius of the outer wall is smaller than the radius of either of the two adjacent steel cylinders, so that the outer wall is recessed into the outer contour of the assembly space in the horizontal cross section.

[0026] In this technical solution, the structural design limits the radius of the outer wall's arc to be smaller than the radius of the adjacent steel cylinders, causing the outer wall to be recessed within the outer contour of the assembly space in the horizontal cross-section. This prevents the wave-facing structure from bulging outwards, maintaining the continuity and streamlined shape of the artificial island's outer contour. More importantly, this recessed arrangement allows the outer wall and the inner walls of the two steel cylinders to naturally enclose and form an inward-facing water inlet channel that gradually narrows towards the direction of wave incidence. This effectively guides waves to converge towards the center of the air chamber, enhancing the water flow velocity and energy density in the inlet area. It eliminates the need for additional external sea area space, significantly improving the first air chamber's efficiency in capturing small-period waves and its response sensitivity.

[0027] In some embodiments, the width of the inlet in the horizontal direction is greater than the horizontal width of the first air chamber at the end of the wave propagation direction.

[0028] In this technical solution, the structural design ensures that the horizontal width of the inlet is greater than the width of the first air chamber at the end of the wave propagation direction. This ensures that the flow channel from the inlet to the inner end of the first air chamber continuously narrows along the wave propagation direction, maintaining an effective wide-area water intake even if the actual opening length of the inlet is less than the arc-shaped side length of the outer wall. This design allows the wave water to enter the air chamber with a larger lateral distribution width, and is gradually converged and accelerated during inward flow, significantly enhancing the water surface oscillation amplitude and the compression efficiency of the air column inside the air chamber. Thus, without relying on a full-arc-length opening, it ensures sufficient wave-facing water intake area while strengthening the energy focusing effect on small-period waves, improving the response sensitivity and power generation output intensity of the first air chamber.

[0029] In some embodiments, the water inlet includes a first water inlet and a second water inlet; the first water inlet is located on the outer wall of the first air chamber, and the second water inlet is located below the first water inlet; the second air chamber extends horizontally below the first air chamber and communicates with the second water inlet.

[0030] In this technical solution, the structural design separates the water inlets into a high-level first inlet and a low-level second inlet. The first inlet is directly connected to the first air chamber, while the second inlet is located below it and connected to the second air chamber extending below the first air chamber. This achieves independent water intake paths for the two air chambers in the vertical direction. This arrangement allows the first air chamber at the high-level inlet to primarily receive high-frequency, small-amplitude surface oscillations near wave crests, effectively enhancing its response sensitivity to short-period waves. Meanwhile, the second air chamber, through the low-level inlet, captures the large-volume water exchange during wave troughs, fully participating in the significant water level rise and fall caused by long-period waves. The separation of the two inlets in height avoids mutual interference between water flow paths, allowing each air chamber to operate within its optimal water level range—the first air chamber provides efficient excitation, while the second air chamber provides slow and stable release. Thus, vertical stratified utilization of waves of different periods is achieved in a single integrated structure, significantly improving the energy capture breadth and power generation output stability of the device under complex sea conditions.

[0031] In some embodiments, the top and bottom heights of the first and second water inlets are determined according to the following steps:

[0032] Based on the water depth of the wave conditions Significant wave height and average period The wavelength under wave conditions is obtained by iteratively solving the dispersion equation. ;

[0033] Obtain the height of the wave centerline above the still water surface under wave conditions. , ;

[0034] Obtain the top height of the inlet , Must meet:

[0035] ;

[0036] According to the height of the bottom and pressure and the height of the critical position at the top of the water inlet and pressure Establish a linear distribution function of wave pressure. ;

[0037] By solving the equations To obtain the bottom height of the inlet ,in Pressure coefficient greater than 0 and less than 1;

[0038] The wave condition corresponding to the first inlet is: water depth Significant wave height and average period The pressure coefficient determined by its bottom height is ;

[0039] The wave condition corresponding to the second inlet is: water depth Significant wave height and average period The pressure coefficient determined by its bottom height is ;

[0040] < , < , > .

[0041] In this technical solution, the top and bottom heights of the first and second inlets are precisely designed based on standing wave theory. The top height is strictly limited to below the wave trough level to ensure the opening is always submerged, effectively blocking the channel for direct air leakage or intake from the inlets and ensuring the airtightness and pressure build-up efficiency of the air chamber. Simultaneously, the bottom height is positioned in a deep-water area where wave dynamic pressure is significantly increased. The higher pressure gradient at this location drives a stronger water flow into the air chamber, significantly reducing inlet resistance and enhancing the efficiency of wave energy transfer to the air potential energy within the air chamber. This synergistic structural design of "leak-proof at the top and pressurized at the bottom" not only ensures a stable operating environment for the air chamber under different sea conditions but also significantly improves the conversion efficiency of wave energy to electrical energy and the stability of power generation output.

[0042] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0043] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0044] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the double-chamber OWC wave energy structure based on an artificial island steel cylinder according to an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of a double-chamber OWC wave energy structure based on an artificial island steel cylinder according to an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the forward structure of the double-chamber OWC wave energy structure based on an artificial island steel cylinder according to an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a side cross-sectional view of a double-chamber OWC wave energy structure based on an artificial island steel cylinder according to an embodiment of this application.

[0048] Figure 5 This is a horizontal cross-sectional view of a double-chamber OWC wave energy structure based on an artificial island steel cylinder according to an embodiment of this application.

[0049] In the picture:

[0050] 1. Steel cylinder; 2. Wave energy unit; 21. Main body of air chamber; 211. Outer wall; 212. Inner wall; 213. Matrix; 214. Top plate; 22. Water inlet; 221. First water inlet; 222. Second water inlet; 23. Air outlet; 24. Partition wall; 241. First partition wall; 242. Second partition wall; 201. First air chamber; 202. Second air chamber; 203. Connecting passage; 3. Assembly space. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0053] The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0054] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0055] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in an illustrative embodiment of the dual-chamber OWC wave energy generation structure based on the artificial island steel cylinder 1 of the present invention, the dual-chamber OWC wave energy generation structure based on the artificial island steel cylinder 1 includes a steel cylinder 1 and a wave energy unit 2.

[0056] The steel cylinder 1 is a large-diameter, high-strength cylindrical steel structural component, typically made of rolled and welded steel plates, possessing excellent bending, compressive, and corrosion resistance properties. In the construction of the artificial island, multiple steel cylinders 1 are placed side-by-side on the seabed along the designed outline, with their central axes arranged vertically to form a continuous enclosure structure. Their interiors can be filled with sand or backfill soil to create a stable island body. The gaps between adjacent steel cylinders 1 form the assembly space 3 in the original structure of the artificial island. In traditional designs, this space is used to install and connect the sub-cells of adjacent steel cylinders 1, achieving overall watertight sealing and structurally coordinated load-bearing.

[0057] The wave energy unit 2 is an integrated energy conversion device, which is embedded in the assembly space 3 between two adjacent steel cylinders 1. Its left and right sides are fixedly connected to the inner sidewalls of the corresponding steel cylinders 1, thereby replacing the traditional sub-grid to achieve structural connection and watertight sealing between adjacent steel cylinders 1 without changing the main structure of the artificial island.

[0058] The wave energy unit 2 mainly includes a chamber body 21, which is a cavity structure. It is integrally embedded in the assembly space 3 between two adjacent steel cylinders 1 and is fixedly connected to the side walls of the two steel cylinders 1 to ensure its structural stability in the marine environment. The chamber body 21 has a water inlet 22 on the side facing the direction of wave incidence. The water inlet 22 is connected to the external sea area, allowing wave water to freely enter and exit the bottom of the chamber. The top or upper part of the chamber body 21 has an air outlet 23, which is connected to the air turbine generator set through a pipe.

[0059] During operation, as waves propagate to the wave-facing side of the artificial island, seawater periodically enters and exits the air chamber body 21 through the inlet 22, causing the water level inside the air chamber to rise and fall repeatedly. Since the upper part of the air chamber is an air cavity, rising water levels compress the air inside, increasing the air pressure; falling water levels increase the volume inside the cavity, decreasing the air pressure. This creates an alternating airflow, which drives the air turbine to rotate through the outlet 23, thereby powering the generator. This process converts the kinetic and potential energy of the waves into electrical energy, achieving efficient utilization of marine renewable energy. By optimizing the geometry and dimensions of the air chamber body 21, its resonant frequency can be adjusted, improving the energy capture efficiency for specific wave cycles.

[0060] The main body 21 of the air chamber is equipped with a partition wall 24, which divides the cavity inside the main body 21 into a first air chamber 201 and a second air chamber 202 arranged sequentially along the wave propagation direction. The first air chamber 201 is located on the wave-facing side, and its outer end is directly connected to the external sea area through the water inlet 22, so that the wave water can enter the bottom of the first air chamber 201 without obstruction. The second air chamber 202 is located on the inner side. Although it does not directly face the water inlet 22, it is also in fluid communication with the water inlet 22 through a horizontal connecting channel 203 set on one side (e.g., the bottom, left or right side) of the first air chamber 201, thereby achieving indirect communication with the external sea area.

[0061] The first air chamber 201 is located on the wave-facing side (outer side), and its length in the wave transmission direction is relatively short, resulting in low water column inertia. When a short-period wave (short period, high frequency) acts, its high-frequency, small-amplitude water surface oscillation matches the short-period natural frequency of the first air chamber 201, triggering a strong resonance response. The rapid reciprocating motion of the water column effectively compresses and expands the air inside the air chamber, generating high-frequency and large-amplitude air pressure fluctuations, thereby efficiently driving the generator set and achieving enhanced absorption of short-period wave energy.

[0062] The second chamber 202 is located on the inner side and is indirectly connected to the inlet 22 via the connecting channel 203. Its effective hydraulic path in the wave transmission direction is longer, significantly increasing the inertia of the internal water column and extending the natural oscillation period. When large-cycle waves (longer period, lower frequency) act, their low-frequency, large-amplitude water surface rise and fall matches the long-cycle natural frequency of the second chamber 202. Due to the greater inertia of the water column in the second chamber 202, it can effectively filter out high-frequency disturbances and stably respond to low-frequency, large-amplitude water surface movements, thereby continuously and smoothly driving airflow output and achieving efficient capture of large-cycle wave energy.

[0063] In summary, by arranging the first air chamber 201 and the second air chamber 202 sequentially along the wave propagation direction within the air chamber body 21, the water flow path of the second air chamber 202 is significantly longer than that of the first air chamber 201, thus creating a differentiated design for the flow channel length. Based on this length difference, the short flow channel of the first air chamber 201 is used to enhance the excitation of small-period waves, while the long flow channel of the second air chamber 202 is used to achieve the flow response to large-period waves. This allows for the separate absorption of waves of different periods, significantly improving the energy capture efficiency and operational stability of the device in a broad-spectrum wave environment.

[0064] Furthermore, by integrating the wave energy unit 2 into the assembly space 3 between the adjacent artificial island steel cylinder 1, the wave energy device and the main structure of the artificial island are organically combined. This design makes full use of the existing structural gaps of the artificial island, eliminating the need for additional sea area occupation or large-scale civil engineering, significantly reducing the construction cost and difficulty of the device. At the same time, this integration method allows the wave energy unit 2 and the steel cylinder 1 to form a unified marine structure, enhancing the overall structural stability and resistance to wind and waves, avoiding the floating or capsizing risks common to independent wave energy devices, and ensuring the long-term reliable operation of the device in harsh marine environments.

[0065] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the air chamber body 21 itself is a cavity structure open in the left-right direction, without closed sidewalls on its left and right sides. The left opening of the air chamber body 21 is opposite to the right side wall of the adjacent steel cylinder 1, and the right opening is opposite to the left side wall of another adjacent steel cylinder 1. Subsequently, the left and right openings of the air chamber body 21 are respectively defined and connected to the opposing sidewalls of the two adjacent steel cylinders 1, so that the two adjacent steel cylinders 1 and the air chamber body 21 together enclose the air chamber space. This design eliminates the need for the independent sidewall structure required by traditional air chambers, utilizing the steel cylinders 1 on both sides as the sidewalls of the air chamber.

[0066] More importantly, when the air chamber body 21 is placed within the assembly space 3 defined by the adjacent steel cylinders 1, the geometry of the air chamber body 21, combined with the inner walls of the two steel cylinders 1, naturally forms a trend of gradually decreasing internal cross-sectional area of ​​the first air chamber 201 and gradually increasing internal cross-sectional area of ​​the second air chamber 202 along the wave propagation direction from the outside to the inside. This "front shrinking and rear expanding" cross-sectional change is the result of the synergistic effect between the air chamber body 21 and the steel cylinders 1.

[0067] By using the sidewalls of two adjacent steel cylinders 1 directly as the boundaries of the air chamber body 21, the steel cylinders 1 and the air chamber body 21 work together to enclose a double air chamber space. This not only eliminates the need for independent sidewalls, significantly reducing material and construction costs, but also achieves a high degree of integration between the wave energy device and the main structure of the artificial island, thus improving the overall structural stability.

[0068] More importantly, this integration method brings significant hydrodynamic advantages. The first air chamber 201 utilizes the outer portion of the assembly space 3, whose cross-sectional area gradually decreases along the wave propagation direction, forming a contracting flow channel. According to the principles of fluid mechanics (continuity equation), under a constant flow rate, a decrease in the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel leads to an increase in water velocity. Therefore, the wave water entering the first air chamber 201 accelerates in this contracting section, increasing its kinetic energy, and thus more effectively driving the rise and fall of the water level within the air chamber, enhancing the amplitude and frequency of water surface oscillations, thereby significantly improving the device's energy response sensitivity and capture efficiency for short-period (high-frequency, small-amplitude) waves.

[0069] Correspondingly, the second chamber 202 utilizes the inner portion of the assembly space 3, with its cross-sectional area gradually increasing along the wave propagation direction, forming an expanding flow channel. According to fluid mechanics principles, the increased cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel leads to a decrease in water flow velocity, converting kinetic energy into static pressure energy. This expanding structure effectively mitigates the high-velocity water flow energy flowing into the first chamber 201 (or through the connecting channel 203), suppressing violent sloshing and turbulence in the water body, making the water level rise and fall process within the chamber more stable and controllable. This is particularly important for responding to slow but large-amplitude water surface movements caused by long-period (low-frequency, large-amplitude) waves, helping to stabilize air pressure fluctuations, providing a more stable driving airflow for power generation equipment, thereby improving the energy capture efficiency of long-period waves and the operational stability of the system.

[0070] Thus, while sharing the structural boundary of the steel cylinder 1, the two chambers optimize the response characteristics to short-period waves and long-period waves respectively through the differential change of their cross-sectional area (front shrinking and rear expanding), realizing the frequency division and optimization utilization of broadband wave energy, and significantly improving the overall power generation efficiency and system operation stability.

[0071] like Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the partition wall 24 includes a first partition wall 241 and a second partition wall 242. The first partition wall 241 is a vertically arranged plate-like structure located in a vertical plane defined by the central axes of two adjacent steel cylinders 1. This plane is perpendicular to the wave propagation direction and passes through the centerline of the two steel cylinders 1. The top of the first partition wall 241 is typically connected to the top plate 214 of the air chamber body 21. The second partition wall 242 is a horizontally arranged plate-like structure, with one end (the end away from the wave-facing side) connected to the first partition wall 241, and the other end (the end closer to the wave-facing side) extending and connecting to the inner wall of the air chamber body 21. Through this connection, the first partition wall 241 and the second partition wall 242 together divide the internal space of the air chamber body 21 into a first air chamber 201 and a second air chamber 202 arranged front to back.

[0072] By precisely positioning the first partition wall 241 within a vertical plane defined by the central axes of two adjacent steel cylinders 1, and assuming that the two adjacent steel cylinders are typically the same size and symmetrical from left to right, the partition wall 241 achieves a transversely symmetrical division of the assembly space 3 between the adjacent steel cylinders 1. This symmetrical division precisely divides the assembly space 3 into inner and outer parts: the horizontal width of the outer part gradually decreases from the outside to the inside along the wave propagation direction, while the horizontal width of the inner part gradually increases from the outside to the inside.

[0073] The first air chamber 201 is located outside the first partition wall 241 (on the wave-facing side). Its spatial boundary on the horizontal plane is formed by the outer wall 211 of the air chamber body 21, the first partition wall 241, and the connection boundary between the left and right air chamber bodies 21 and the steel cylinder 1, so that the first air chamber 201 is completely located in the outer part of the assembly space 3, where the horizontal width gradually decreases from the outside to the inside along the wave propagation direction.

[0074] The second air chamber 202 is located inside the first partition wall 241 (on the back of the wave side). Its spatial boundary on the horizontal plane is formed by the first partition wall 241, the inner wall 212 of the air chamber body 21, and the connection boundary between the left and right air chamber bodies 21 and the steel cylinder 1, so that the second air chamber 202 is completely inside the assembly space 3, whose horizontal width gradually increases from the outside to the inside along the wave propagation direction.

[0075] Meanwhile, the second partition wall 242 is usually located at the bottom of the first air chamber 201 and is connected to the bottom of the first partition wall 241, so that the second air chamber 202 can communicate with the water inlet 22 through the space below the second partition wall 242 (i.e. the channel formed by the second partition wall 242 and the bottom of the air chamber body 21) to achieve fluid communication.

[0076] This structural design achieves a transversely symmetrical division of the assembly space 3 between adjacent steel cylinders 1 by precisely positioning the first partition wall 241 within a vertical plane defined by the central axes of the two adjacent steel cylinders 1. This central positioning not only provides a clear geometric reference for the internal layout of the air chamber body 21, but more importantly, it ensures that the outer region (for arranging the first air chamber 201) and the inner region (for arranging the second air chamber 202) of the assembly space 3 each have a definite and controllable cross-sectional change trend.

[0077] Specifically, since the horizontal width of the assembly space 3 on the outer part gradually decreases from the outside to the inside along the wave propagation direction, and the first air chamber 201 is completely located in this area, its cross-sectional area also decreases monotonically, naturally forming a contracting flow channel. When the wave water enters the first air chamber 201 through the inlet 22, the water flow accelerates in the contracting channel, and the kinetic energy is enhanced, thereby significantly exciting and amplifying the high-frequency small-amplitude oscillations of the water surface, effectively improving the energy response intensity to small-period waves.

[0078] Correspondingly, the horizontal width of the inner portion of the assembly space 3 gradually increases from the outside to the inside along the wave propagation direction. The second air chamber 202 is entirely located within this area, and its cross-sectional area increases monotonically, naturally forming an expanding flow channel. When water flow (especially large-scale water movement caused by large-period waves) enters the second air chamber 202, the expanding cavity reduces the water flow velocity and dissipates kinetic energy, effectively mitigating the impact of the water flow, suppressing vortex generation, and significantly stabilizing the rise and fall of the water level, thereby achieving stable capture of long-period wave energy.

[0079] In addition, while achieving the separation of the air chambers, the second partition wall 242 retains the bottom connection path (connection channel), ensuring that the second air chamber 202 can be fluidly connected to the water inlet 22 through the channel, thus maintaining its functional integrity.

[0080] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the air chamber body 21 includes an outer wall 211 located on the side facing the direction of wave incidence. The outer wall 211 is constructed as an outwardly convex arc, meaning its outline forms an arc convex towards the ocean in a horizontal cross-section, rather than a straight line or other shape. This outer wall 211 serves as the wave-facing boundary of the air chamber body 21, with its two ends connected to the steel cylinders 1 on the left and right sides respectively. Its bottom typically extends into the interior of the underwater bed, and its top connects to the top plate 214 of the air chamber body 21. Due to its outwardly convex geometry, while maintaining the overall lateral span of the air chamber body 21, the actual length of the outer wall 211 is greater than that of a straight wall of the same width.

[0081] This structural design, by making the outer wall 211 an outwardly protruding arc shape, causes the inlet 22 to also form an arc shape on the horizontal plane. This significantly increases the actual physical length of the wave-facing edge of the inlet 22 while keeping the horizontal projection width of the inlet 22 (i.e., the distance between the left and right endpoints) constant, thereby expanding the effective inlet perimeter and wave-facing area. This allows wave water to enter the air chamber from a wider lateral range, increasing the volume of water participating in energy conversion per unit time. Simultaneously, the arc-shaped outer wall 211, together with other boundaries within the air chamber (such as the partition wall 24 and lateral constraint structures), encloses the first air chamber 201, creating a fan-shaped spatial form that is wider on the outside and narrower on the inside in the horizontal cross-section. This fan-shaped configuration has a wider wave energy convergence effect, effectively guiding incident waves to concentrate in the central area of ​​the air chamber, thus significantly enhancing the amplitude of water surface oscillations.

[0082] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the air chamber body 21 includes an inner wall 212 located on the side away from the direction of wave incidence (i.e., the wave-avoiding side or the island side). The inner wall 212 is integrally constructed as an inwardly convex arc, meaning its outline forms an arc protruding into the air chamber in a horizontal cross-section, rather than a straight line or other shape. This inner wall 212 serves as the inner boundary of the second air chamber 202, with its two ends connected to the steel cylinders 1 on the left and right sides respectively. Its bottom typically extends into the interior of the underwater bed, and its top connects to the air chamber top plate 214.

[0083] Because the inner wall 212 protrudes inward, its arc-shaped outline "intrudes" into the artificial island without changing the overall external outline of the air chamber body 21 (i.e. without expanding outward), allowing the effective length of the second air chamber 202 along the wave propagation direction to be extended, while expanding its internal space.

[0084] The area between the outer wall 211 and the inner wall 212, located above the underwater bed, is usually filled with concrete to form the base 213 of the air chamber body 21. The top surface of the base 213 is the bottom surface of the internal cavity of the air chamber body 21, and the partition further divides the cavity into the first air chamber 201 and the second air chamber 202.

[0085] This structural design, by designing the inner sidewall 212 as an inwardly convex arc, effectively extends the internal flow channel length of the second air chamber 202 along the wave propagation direction while maintaining the overall external dimensions of the air chamber body 21, and significantly increases its internal volume. More importantly, the arc-shaped inner sidewall 212, together with the sidewalls of the left and right steel cylinders 1, encloses the second air chamber 202, forming a fan-shaped cavity structure that gradually expands from the outside to the inside in the horizontal cross-section.

[0086] This fan-shaped expansion not only provides a larger internal space, but its outward-spreading boundary profile also matches the natural diffusion trend of large-scale water movement caused by large-cycle waves. When low-frequency, large-scale wave water enters the second chamber 202, the fan-shaped cavity guides the water flow to spread smoothly along the expansion direction, avoiding local congestion or reflection caused by abrupt spatial changes or excessive boundary constraints. The kinetic energy of the water is evenly distributed and gradually dissipated over a larger area, thereby effectively reducing the velocity gradient, slowing down the rate of rise and fall of water level, and significantly suppressing violent swaying of the water surface. This synergistic design of "form-flow" enables the second chamber 202 to more smoothly and efficiently accommodate and respond to the energy input of long-cycle waves, greatly improving the system's operational stability and energy adaptability under harsh sea conditions.

[0087] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the air chamber body 21 includes an outer wall 211 facing the direction of wave incidence and an inner wall 212 away from the direction of wave incidence. The outer wall 211 is an outwardly convex arc shape, and its central axis (i.e., the vertical line where the center of curvature is located) lies in a vertical plane defined by the central axes of two adjacent steel cylinders 1. The inner wall 212 is an inwardly convex arc shape, and its central axis also lies in the same vertical plane. Furthermore, the central axes of the outer wall 211 and the inner wall 212 coincide with each other in the central vertical plane; this coincident central axis is generally located at the midpoint of the line connecting the central axes of two adjacent steel cylinders 1 in the horizontal direction.

[0088] Furthermore, the radius of the arc of the outer wall 211 is smaller than that of the inner wall 212. Due to the difference in the radii of the two arcs, the outer wall 211 has a greater curvature (more "bent") in the horizontal section, while the inner wall 212 has a smaller curvature (more "gentle"). When these two arcs are enclosed by the first partition wall 241 located in the central vertical plane and the boundaries formed by the inner walls of the steel cylinders 1 on the left and right sides, the entire air chamber forms an asymmetrical fan-shaped space in the horizontal section with the same central axis as the axis of symmetry: the area of ​​the first air chamber 201 near the wave-facing side shows a steeper contraction trend due to the smaller radius of the outer wall 211, with a shorter flow channel and a smaller internal space; while the area of ​​the second air chamber 202 near the wave-receiving side shows a gentler expansion trend due to the larger radius of the inner wall 212, with a longer flow channel and a larger internal space.

[0089] This structural design ensures that the main body 21 of the air chamber has strict left-right symmetry in the horizontal section by limiting the arc center axis of both the outer wall 211 and the inner wall 212 to a vertical plane determined by the center axis of the two adjacent steel cylinders 1, and the center axis coincides at the midpoint. This avoids uneven wave force or flow field distortion caused by structural eccentricity and provides a stable geometric basis for the orderly introduction of energy.

[0090] Within this symmetrical framework, the radius of the outer wall 211 is further limited to be smaller than that of the inner wall 212, resulting in a clear difference in the spatial scale of the first air chamber 201 and the second air chamber 202 along the wave propagation direction. The first air chamber 201, due to the large curvature and small radius of the outer wall 211, has a shorter flow channel and a more significant change in cross-sectional area, which is conducive to concentrating wave energy and enhancing high-frequency water surface oscillation, thereby efficiently responding to small-period waves. The second air chamber 202, due to the small curvature and large radius of the inner wall 212, has a longer flow channel and a gentler cavity expansion, which can provide sufficient buffer volume for large-scale water movement caused by large-period waves, effectively dissipating kinetic energy and stabilizing water level fluctuations.

[0091] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the air chamber body 21 includes an outer wall 211 located on the wave-facing side, the outer wall 211 being an outwardly convex arc shape. Two adjacent steel cylinders 1 are both large-diameter cylindrical structures, their bodies being complete circles in horizontal cross-section, each having a defined cylinder radius.

[0092] The radius of curvature of the outer wall 211 is designed to be smaller than the radius of curvature of any adjacent steel cylinder 1. Since the inner walls of the steel cylinders 1 together constitute the outer boundary of the assembly space 3 (i.e., the outer contour of the assembly space 3 is enclosed by the local arc segments of the inner walls of the two steel cylinders 1), when the radius of curvature of the outer wall 211 is smaller, its arc will shift inward in the horizontal section, thus being concave within the outer contour of the assembly space 3 as a whole, without exceeding the boundary line defined by the inner wall of the steel cylinder 1.

[0093] Furthermore, since the outer wall 211 is recessed within the inner contour of the steel cylinder 1, although the inlet 22 is located on the outer wall 211, its outer edge is still within the overall envelope of the assembly space 3. More importantly, the concave arc of the outer wall 211 and the inner walls of the two steel cylinders 1 together form a flow channel environment that gradually narrows towards the direction of wave incidence. This flow channel naturally converges from the outer contour of the steel cylinder 1 towards the inlet 22, forming an inward-facing water intake area that guides wave energy to converge towards the inlet 22.

[0094] This structural design limits the radius of the outer wall 211 to be smaller than the radius of any one of the adjacent steel cylinders 1, causing the outer wall 211 to be concave within the outer contour of the assembly space 3 formed by the sidewalls of the adjacent steel cylinders 1 in the horizontal cross-section. This prevents the wave energy unit 2 from forming any outward protruding structure on the wave-facing side of the artificial island. This design effectively maintains the continuity and streamline of the outer contour of the artificial island, reduces interference with the natural current field of the sea area, and does not require additional external sea area space, facilitating seamless integration with the main structure of the artificial island.

[0095] More importantly, because the outer wall 211 is recessed within the inner contour of the steel cylinder 1, and the inlet 22 is located on this outer wall 211, a guiding channel that gradually narrows towards the air chamber is naturally formed in front of the inlet 22 (i.e., the area between the outer contour of the steel cylinder 1 and the inlet 22). This channel is enclosed by the inner walls of both sides of the steel cylinder 1 and the recessed outer wall 211. When waves propagate to this area, the narrowing channel has a converging effect on the incident water flow: according to the principle of fluid dynamics continuity, with a basically constant flow rate, a decrease in the cross-sectional area of ​​the channel will lead to an increase in the water flow velocity, thereby concentrating and strengthening the wave energy before it reaches the inlet 22.

[0096] This inward guiding effect significantly increases the water flow velocity and local energy density entering the first air chamber 201, which is particularly beneficial for exciting high-frequency oscillations on the water surface caused by small-period waves (high frequency, small amplitude), thereby enhancing the compression efficiency of the air column inside the air chamber. Thus, without changing the opening size of the inlet 22 itself, by optimizing the flow field morphology in front of it, the capture efficiency and response sensitivity of the first air chamber 201 to small-period waves are significantly improved.

[0097] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the inlet 22 of the air chamber body 21 on the outer wall 211 has a horizontal opening width (i.e., the distance between the left and right endpoints) that is designed to be greater than the horizontal width of the first air chamber 201 at the end of the wave propagation direction (i.e., at the position of the first partition wall 241). "Horizontal width" refers to the lateral dimension perpendicular to the wave propagation direction.

[0098] Since the first air chamber 201 extends from the outside to the inside along the wave propagation direction, its end width is limited by the internal first partition wall 241 and the lateral boundary (side wall of steel cylinder 1), and is usually smaller than the span at the inlet. Therefore, in the horizontal section, from the inlet 22 (outer end) to the end (inner end) of the first air chamber 201, the lateral width of this area shows a continuously decreasing trend, thus forming a continuously narrowing flow channel shape. In other words, even if the actual opening length of the inlet 22 (i.e., the dimension along the arc length direction of the outer wall 211) is smaller than the overall arc length of the outer wall 211, as long as its horizontal projected width is greater than the width at the end of the first air chamber 201, the basic geometric characteristics of the narrowing flow channel can be maintained.

[0099] This structural design ensures that the horizontal width of the inlet 22 is greater than the horizontal width of the first air chamber 201 at the end of the wave propagation direction, thus ensuring that the straight flow channel from the inlet 22 to the inner end of the first air chamber 201 continuously narrows along the wave propagation direction. After the wave-laden water enters with a larger lateral width, it gradually converges and accelerates under the constraint of the lateral boundary, increasing the flow velocity and kinetic energy density based on the principle of continuity. This significantly enhances the amplitude of water surface oscillations and the intensity of air pressure fluctuations, effectively strengthening the response to small-period waves. This design eliminates the need to extend the inlet 22 along the full arc of the outer wall 211, thus simplifying the structure and improving engineering feasibility and power generation efficiency while ensuring sufficient wave-facing area.

[0100] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the inlet 22 of the wave energy unit 2 includes two independent openings: a first inlet 221 and a second inlet 222.

[0101] The first water inlet 221 is located on the outer wall 211 on the wave-facing side of the air chamber body 21, at a high position, and directly connected to the bottom area of ​​the first air chamber 201; the second water inlet 222 is located directly below or diagonally below the first water inlet 221, in the middle or lower part of the outer wall 211, and its inner side is connected to the second air chamber 202.

[0102] Meanwhile, the second air chamber 202 extends horizontally outward from below the first partition wall 241 and the bottom area of ​​the first air chamber 201, with its front end directly connected to the second water inlet 222 via a connecting channel 203, thus forming a low-level water intake path independent of the first air chamber 201. Therefore, the first air chamber 201 and the second air chamber 202 are connected to the external sea area via high-level and low-level water inlets 22 respectively, achieving physical isolation of the water intake paths in the vertical direction.

[0103] This structural design achieves independent water inlet paths for the two air chambers in the vertical direction by setting a high-positioned first water inlet 221 and a low-positioned second water inlet 222, and connecting the first air chamber 201 and the second air chamber 202 extending below it respectively.

[0104] Under the action of waves, the water surface rises and falls periodically: high-frequency, small-amplitude water surface oscillations mainly act on a narrow range near the average water level, causing significant water particle movement near the average water level. This causes the water flow in this area to enter the first air chamber 201 through the first inlet 221 at a high level, which in turn excites higher-frequency water surface oscillations, thus responding efficiently to small-cycle waves. Large-amplitude, low-frequency waves can affect the movement of water particles in deeper water bodies, forming a slow rise and fall and significant pressure pulsation of a large volume of water. This drives the low-level water body to continuously enter the second air chamber 202 through the second inlet 222, causing the large volume of water inside to undergo large-amplitude, slow-changing motion, fully capturing the energy of long-cycle waves.

[0105] Because the two inlets 22 are separated in height, differentiated inlet boundary conditions are created: the higher inlet focuses on the excitation effect of high surface flow velocities, while the lower inlet focuses on the slow release effect of large flow rates in the deeper layers. This vertically layered design effectively avoids the mutual coupling interference of water flow motions in different frequency bands, allowing the first chamber 201 to focus on high-frequency excitation and the second chamber 202 to focus on low-frequency slow release, each operating efficiently within its optimal hydrodynamic range. Thus, vertically layered utilization of waves of different periods is achieved in a single integrated structure, significantly broadening the energy capture bandwidth and improving the power generation breadth and output stability of the device under complex sea conditions.

[0106] In some embodiments, the structural design is carried out for the top and bottom heights of the first water inlet, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0107] Because the first inlet responds to small-period waves, the water depth corresponding to the small-period wave condition is... Significant wave height and average period The wavelength of the small-period wave condition is obtained by iteratively solving the dispersion equation. .

[0108] Obtain the height of the wave centerline above the still water surface under small-cycle wave conditions. ,

[0109] .

[0110] Obtain the top height of the first inlet , Must satisfy less than or equal to .

[0111] According to the height of the bottom Pressure at the bottom of the water under small-period wave conditions and the height of the critical position at the top of the first water inlet. Pressure at the critical position of the first water inlet top under small-period wave conditions Establish a linear distribution function of wave pressure. More specifically, since the distribution function is a linear function, with the x-axis representing height and the y-axis representing pressure, the function can be obtained once the x- and y-coordinates of two points (the bottom and the critical position at the top of the sluice gate) are known. . =0, , = , ,in Specific weight of water (unit) ).

[0112] By solving the equations The bottom height of the first inlet is obtained ,in The pressure coefficient corresponding to the small-cycle wave condition is greater than 0 and less than 1. More specifically, it will... As the input function for the ordinate That is, to obtain the height of the corresponding x-coordinate. .

[0113] because Greater than At the same time, less than or equal to , making exist to Choose from among them.

[0114] The structural design for the top and bottom heights of the second inlet is as follows:

[0115] Because the second inlet responds to large-cycle waves, the water depth corresponding to the large-cycle wave conditions is... Significant wave height and average period The wavelength of the large-period wave condition is obtained by iteratively solving the dispersion equation. .

[0116] Obtain the height of the wave centerline above the still water surface under large-cycle wave conditions. ,

[0117] .

[0118] Obtain the top height of the second inlet , Must satisfy less than or equal to .

[0119] According to the height of the bottom Pressure at the bottom of the water under large-cycle wave conditions and the height of the critical position of the second water inlet. Pressure at the critical position of the second water inlet top under large-cycle wave conditions Establish a linear distribution function of wave pressure. More specifically, since the distribution function is a linear function, with the x-axis representing height and the y-axis representing pressure, the function can be obtained once the x- and y-coordinates of two points (the bottom and the critical position at the top of the sluice gate) are known. . =0, , = , ,in Specific weight of water (unit) ).

[0120] By solving the equations The bottom height of the second inlet is obtained. ,in The pressure coefficient corresponding to the large-cycle wave condition is greater than 0 and less than 1. More specifically, it will... As the input function for the ordinate That is, to obtain the height of the corresponding x-coordinate. .

[0121] because Greater than At the same time, less than or equal to , making exist to Choose from among them.

[0122] Due to the differences between large-cycle wave conditions and small-cycle wave conditions < , < , > Water depth under two operating conditions The same, or more specifically, water depth This refers to the vertical distance from the seabed to the water surface of the wave energy generation structure in this application, under calm conditions. The seabed is the zero point of height. It is always 0.

[0123] Water depth in large-cycle wave conditions The wave depth is 11m, the significant wave height is 1.8m, the average period is 6.5s, and the small-period wave condition is [missing information - likely a specific wave depth]. The wavelength is 11m, the significant wave height is 1m, and the average period is 4.5s. It is 0.9. The value is 0.8. Under the aforementioned operating conditions, the first inlet... Less than or equal to 10.1m It is 8.78m, the second inlet. Less than 9.42m It is 6.58m. Furthermore, since the bottom of the first inlet is located below the top of the second inlet, Need to be less than To ensure that the first and second inlets have sufficient vertical width to guarantee the inlet and outlet water velocity and flow rate, The standard value is usually 10.1m. The standard value is usually 8.5m.

[0124] The above design method is based on fluid mechanics and wave dynamics mechanisms:

[0125] The principle behind the design of the inlet height: When the inlet tip is higher than the wave trough level, the moment the wave passes, the air at the opening is directly connected to the outside atmosphere, causing a momentary pressure balance inside and outside the air chamber. This not only leads to the leakage of established pressure potential energy but may also draw in a large amount of air, disrupting the oscillation phase inside the air chamber. This design, by strictly limiting the tip to below the wave trough level, utilizes the incompressibility and continuity of water to construct a natural "water seal" barrier. Regardless of the wave's movement, the inlet is always surrounded by water, thus completely cutting off the air leakage path at a physical level. This ensures the airtightness of the pressure oscillation inside the air chamber, efficiently converting the rise and fall of the water surface caused by the waves into the compression and expansion of the air inside the air chamber.

[0126] The principle behind the bottom height design: Wave pressure decreases exponentially or linearly with increasing water depth (depending on water depth conditions). Shallow waters have lower wave dynamic pressure, while deeper waters retain a larger pressure gradient. If the bottom of the inlet is too high, utilizing only the surface low-pressure zone flow will result in insufficient power to drive the water flow into the air chamber, leading to low energy transfer efficiency. This design extends the bottom to a high-pressure zone, utilizing the greater wave dynamic pressure in deeper water as the driving force. According to Bernoulli's principle and momentum equation, a higher inlet pressure difference generates greater velocity and flow rate, driving more water to enter the air chamber with higher kinetic energy, thus significantly enhancing the efficiency of wave energy transfer to the potential energy of the air inside the air chamber. Simultaneously, the relatively stable flow field in the deep water zone helps reduce turbulence losses caused by surface breaking waves, further improving the stability of energy capture.

[0127] In summary, through the coordinated design of "anti-exposure" at the top and "deep pressure extraction" at the bottom, this embodiment optimizes the water inlet boundary conditions at the microstructure level and achieves a dual improvement in air chamber tightness and energy transfer efficiency at the macroscopic level.

[0128] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0129] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-chamber OWC wave energy structure based on an artificial island steel cylinder, characterized in that, include: At least two steel cylinders are arranged side by side, and an assembly space is formed between adjacent steel cylinders; A wave energy unit is disposed within the assembly space and connected to two adjacent steel cylinders; the wave energy unit includes: The air chamber body has a water inlet on the side facing the direction of the incoming wave; the air chamber body also has an air outlet for connecting to a generator set. The main body of the air chamber is divided into a first air chamber and a second air chamber arranged sequentially along the wave propagation direction by a partition wall. The first air chamber is located on the outside and the second air chamber is located on the inside. The first air chamber is connected to the first water inlet of the water inlet; the second air chamber extends horizontally through one side of the first air chamber and is connected to the second water inlet of the water inlet. The water inlet includes a first water inlet and a second water inlet; the first water inlet is located on the outer wall of the first air chamber, and the second water inlet is located below the first water inlet; the second air chamber extends horizontally below the first air chamber and communicates with the second water inlet. The top and bottom heights of the first and second water inlets are determined according to the following steps: Based on the water depth of the wave conditions Significant wave height and average period The wavelength under wave conditions is obtained by iteratively solving the dispersion equation. ; Obtain the height of the wave centerline above the still water surface under wave conditions. , ; Obtain the top height of the inlet , Must meet: ； According to the height of the bottom and pressure and the height of the critical position at the top of the water inlet and pressure Establish a linear distribution function of wave pressure. ; By solving the equations To obtain the bottom height of the inlet ,in Pressure coefficient greater than 0 and less than 1; The wave condition corresponding to the first inlet is: water depth Significant wave height and average period The pressure coefficient determined by its bottom height is ; The wave condition corresponding to the second inlet is: water depth Significant wave height and average period The pressure coefficient determined by its bottom height is ; ＜ ， ＜ ， ＞ 。 2. The double-chamber OWC wave energy structure based on an artificial island steel cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two sides of the air chamber body are defined by the side walls of two adjacent steel cylinders facing each other, so that the two adjacent steel cylinders and the air chamber body together enclose the air chamber space, and the internal cross-sectional area of ​​the first air chamber gradually decreases from the outside to the inside along the wave propagation direction, while the internal cross-sectional area of ​​the second air chamber gradually increases.

3. The double-chamber OWC wave energy structure based on an artificial island steel cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that, The partition wall includes: The first partition wall is located in a vertical plane defined by the central axes of two adjacent steel cylinders; The second partition wall is set horizontally, with one end connected to the first partition wall.

4. The double-chamber OWC wave energy structure based on an artificial island steel cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main body of the air chamber includes an outer wall located on the side facing the direction of the incoming wave; the outer wall is in the shape of an outwardly protruding arc.

5. The double-chamber OWC wave energy structure based on an artificial island steel cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that, The main body of the air chamber includes an inner wall located on the side away from the direction of the incoming wave; the inner wall is in the shape of an inwardly protruding arc.

6. The double-chamber OWC wave energy structure based on an artificial island steel cylinder according to claim 5, characterized in that, The central axis of the outer wall and the central axis of the inner wall coincide in a vertical plane determined by the central axes of the two adjacent steel cylinders, and the coincident central axis is located at the midpoint of the horizontal line connecting the central axes of the two steel cylinders; the radius of the arc of the outer wall is smaller than the radius of the arc of the inner wall.

7. The double-chamber OWC wave energy structure based on an artificial island steel cylinder according to claim 6, characterized in that, The radius of the outer wall is smaller than the radius of either of the two adjacent steel cylinders, so that the outer wall is recessed into the outer contour of the assembly space in the horizontal cross section.

8. The double-chamber OWC wave energy structure based on an artificial island steel cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that, The width of the inlet in the horizontal direction is greater than the horizontal width of the first air chamber at the end of the wave propagation direction.

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