Surveying and mapping device based on adaptive adjustment and adjusting method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of surveying and mapping, and provides a surveying and mapping device based on self-adaptive adjustment and an adjusting method thereof.The surveying and mapping device comprises an electronic tacheometer, a leveling base is detachably connected to the lower portion of the electronic tacheometer, a steering plate is fixedly connected to the lower portion of the leveling base, a dial is arranged below the steering plate, and the electronic tacheometer is arranged on the dial. A sliding groove is formed in the top of the dial and slidably connected with the steering plate, a supporting ring is fixedly connected to the lower portion of the dial, a first guide rail is slidably connected to the lower portion of the supporting ring, a second guide rail is slidably connected to the lower portion of the first guide rail, and a transmission plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the supporting ring. The lower portion of the transmission plate is fixedly connected with a sliding column. According to the method, the problem that auxiliary tools are difficult to deploy in a complex environment is effectively solved, and the surveying and mapping operation efficiency and the scene adaptability are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of surveying and mapping technology, specifically to a surveying and mapping device and its adjustment method based on adaptive adjustment. Background Technology

[0002] Surveying and mapping refers to a comprehensive technical activity that uses professional instruments, technical methods, and data processing techniques to collect, measure, organize, analyze, and present information on the spatial location, shape, size, spatial relationships, and ownership boundaries of natural geographical elements and man-made structures on the Earth's surface. Its core is to obtain accurate spatial data to provide reliable geographic information support for fields such as engineering construction, real estate registration, urban planning, resource exploration, and disaster monitoring.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN120101734B discloses a horizontal marking device for real estate surveying, relating to the field of leveling technology. The device includes a marking device body comprising an adjustment platform, an angle adjustment mechanism, a locking mechanism, and a calibration component. A first level and a second level are mounted on the surface of the adjustment platform. The bottom of the first level and the surface of the adjustment platform are screwed together as a whole. An angle adjustment mechanism is mounted on the bottom of the adjustment platform. The surface of the adjustment platform has grooves and slotted holes. This horizontal marking device can simultaneously project two horizontal lines and quickly calculate the height difference between different horizontal lines on the same vertical plane. It offers greater flexibility, simplifies surveying tasks requiring multiple horizontal lines, and improves the stability of horizontal line illumination. It can quickly calibrate and detect the levelness of the horizontal lines projected by the two levels, thus enabling timely detection when deviations occur in the levels.

[0004] In existing technologies, measurements are essentially taken with the instrument as the origin, emitting two parallel rays. However, these two parallel rays cannot determine the point to be measured and the plane in which it lies. Therefore, auxiliary tools such as rulers are required and placed on the point to be measured for coordination. When the environment around the point to be measured is complex and it is difficult to place auxiliary tools, the work efficiency is low.

[0005] In summary, the present invention provides a surveying device and its adjustment method based on adaptive adjustment to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a surveying device and its adjustment method based on adaptive adjustment, which locks the point to be measured through adaptive analysis to solve the problem of low work efficiency in the prior art.

[0007] The specific technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0008] An adaptive adjustment-based surveying device includes an electronic tachometer. A leveling base is detachably connected to the lower part of the electronic tachometer. A steering plate is fixedly connected to the lower part of the leveling base. A scale is provided below the steering plate. A groove is formed on the top of the scale, and the groove is slidably connected to the steering plate. A support ring is fixedly connected to the lower part of the scale. A first guide rail is slidably connected to the lower part of the support ring. A second guide rail is slidably connected to the lower part of the first guide rail. A transmission plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the support ring. A sliding column is fixedly connected to the lower part of the transmission plate. A guide plate is provided on the side of the sliding column. A guide groove is formed on the top of the guide plate. The sliding column is slidably connected to the guide groove. An directional displacement plate is rotatably connected to the lower part of the guide plate. A plurality of directional displacement grooves are formed on the surface of the directional displacement plate. One side of the directional displacement plate is fixedly connected to the second guide rail.

[0009] In this invention, the electronic rapid measuring instrument and the auxiliary rapid measuring instrument can be the rapid measuring instruments commonly used in the prior art; the leveling base has three sets of leveling bolts evenly distributed around the circumference, and a level is embedded in the top. The operator can adjust the height of the bolts by observing the reading of the level to ensure that the electronic rapid measuring instrument is in a horizontal working state; the steering plate can rotate around the circumference of the slide groove, driving the electronic rapid measuring instrument to adjust the horizontal observation direction; the scale is provided with angle graduations to provide a reading basis for the steering angle, realizing the directional observation of the electronic rapid measuring instrument.

[0010] In this invention, the first and second guide rails are orthogonally arranged, corresponding to the X and Y axes respectively. The support ring can slide smoothly along the guide rails, enabling the entire measuring unit to be adjusted to any position on the horizontal plane. The guide plate quickly determines the moving direction of the sliding column by rotating the guide groove. The directional displacement plate is used to further limit the moving direction and distance of the sliding column. The direction of the directional displacement groove can be selected from common angles, such as 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, etc., and is marked with scales so that the translation distance can be read directly.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a mounting plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the support ring, a steering knob is rotatably connected to one end of the mounting plate, a fixing plate is fixedly connected to the lower part of the steering knob, and an extension plate is detachably connected to the lower part of the fixing plate.

[0012] In this invention, the steering knob is used to adjust the horizontal orientation of the auxiliary speed measuring instrument.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the fixing plate has a scale groove in the middle, an adjusting bolt is provided on the inner side of the scale groove, and the extension plate has a mounting groove in the middle.

[0014] In this invention, the fixed plate and the extension plate achieve length adjustment through the cooperation of the scale groove, the mounting groove and the adjusting bolt, forming the fixed reference side length required for triangulation.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, one end of the extension plate is rotatably connected to an tilt knob, one side of the tilt knob is fixedly connected to a right-angle bent plate, one end of the right-angle bent plate is rotatably connected to a rotating column, a secondary disc is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating column, a deflector plate is provided above the secondary disc, a secondary base is fixedly connected to the top of the deflector plate, and a secondary speed measuring instrument is provided above the secondary base.

[0016] In this invention, the secondary disc is provided with an angle scale; the secondary base is provided with a leveling bolt and a spirit level.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, an adjustment knob is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating column.

[0018] In this invention, when setting up the device, the field of view requirements of the electronic velocimeter are generally prioritized, while the field of view of the auxiliary velocimeter is limited. The tilt knob is used to adjust the pitch angle of the auxiliary velocimeter, and the adjustment knob is used to adjust the spatial orientation of the auxiliary velocimeter. This allows for flexible adjustment of the spatial position of the auxiliary velocimeter, avoiding obstacles in the field of view, so that the auxiliary velocimeter can adapt to different terrains and observation angle requirements, forming a complete dual measurement unit system with the main velocimeter. The directional plate is used to adjust the horizontal direction of the auxiliary velocimeter.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, a secondary groove is provided on the top of the secondary disk, and the deflector plate is slidably connected to the secondary groove.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, a lifting platform is fixedly connected to the lower part of the second guide rail, and a support frame is slidably connected to one side of the lifting platform.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, a limiting groove is provided on the side of the support ring closest to the fixing plate.

[0022] In this invention, the limiting groove is used to limit the maximum rotation angle of the fixed plate to prevent excessive adjustment from causing interference between components.

[0023] An adaptive adjustment method for a surveying device includes the following steps:

[0024] S1. Determine the survey reference point, deploy the device at an observation position that can cover the area to be measured, so that the two measurement units are on a unified measurement reference plane, calibrate and fix the distance between the two measurement units, and form the known reference side length for triangulation.

[0025] S2. Make the two measuring units simultaneously aim at the same point to be measured, obtain the ray direction information pointing to the point to be measured, and construct a triangular geometric model based on the known reference side length and the angle between the two rays.

[0026] S3. Keeping the spacing between the two measuring units constant, the entire drive device is quantitatively translated along a fixed direction, and the distance and direction of the translation are recorded.

[0027] S4. After the translation is completed, make the two measurement units aim at the same point to be measured synchronously again, obtain new ray direction information, and combine the fixed reference side length with the new ray angle to reconstruct the triangular geometric model.

[0028] S5. Based on the reference side length of the two trigonometric geometric models, the angle between the two rays, and the distance and direction of the translation, the geometric relationship is transformed into a numerical solution through joint trigonometric function operations to obtain the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the point to be measured, thus completing the surveying and positioning.

[0029] In this invention, data is mainly collected by the sensors configured in the electronic tachometer, and the operator reads the scale values ​​to adjust and correct the data.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. This invention constructs a dual measurement unit system of main and auxiliary rapid measuring instruments, and combines two trigonometric geometric modeling and directional quantitative translation collaborative design. It can lock the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the point to be measured through joint trigonometric function calculations without the need to set up auxiliary tools such as scales at the point to be measured. This effectively solves the problem of difficult deployment of auxiliary tools in complex environments and greatly improves the efficiency and scene adaptability of surveying and mapping operations.

[0032] 2. This invention ensures that the benchmarks of the two measurement units are unified and the angle and displacement data are accurately measurable through the leveling structure, scale markings and orientation constraint design of the main and auxiliary velocimeters. At the same time, it adapts to different terrains and observation needs by means of multi-dimensional adjustment mechanisms such as steering, tilting and translation, which significantly improves the accuracy of surveying data and the operational flexibility of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dial of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support ring of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing plate of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating column of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting plate of the present invention.

[0039] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Electronic speed measuring instrument; 2. Leveling base; 3. Steering plate; 4. Scale dial; 5. Slide groove; 6. Support ring; 7. First guide rail; 8. Second guide rail; 9. Transmission plate; 10. Sliding column; 11. Guide plate; 12. Guide groove; 13. Orientation displacement plate; 14. Orientation displacement groove; 15. Mounting plate; 16. Steering knob; 17. Fixing plate; 18. Extension plate; 19. Scale groove; 20. Adjusting bolt; 21. Mounting groove; 22. Tilt knob; 23. Right-angle bent plate; 24. Rotating column; 25. Adjusting knob; 26. Sub-plate; 27. Sub-groove; 28. Directional plate; 29. ​​Sub-base; 30. Sub-speed measuring instrument; 31. Lifting platform; 32. Support frame; 33. Limit groove. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0041] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a surveying device based on adaptive adjustment, including an electronic speed measuring instrument 1. A leveling base 2 is detachably connected to the lower part of the electronic speed measuring instrument 1. A steering plate 3 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the leveling base 2. A scale 4 is provided below the steering plate 3. A sliding groove 5 is opened on the top of the scale 4. The sliding groove 5 is slidably connected to the steering plate 3. A support ring 6 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the scale 4. A first guide rail 7 is slidably connected to the lower part of the support ring 6. A second guide rail 8 is slidably connected to the lower part of the first guide rail 7. A transmission plate 9 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the support ring 6. A sliding column 10 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the transmission plate 9. A guide plate 11 is provided on the side of the sliding column 10. A guide groove 12 is opened on the top of the guide plate 11. The sliding column 10 is slidably connected to the guide groove 12. A directional displacement plate 13 is rotatably connected to the lower part of the guide plate 11. A plurality of directional displacement grooves 14 are opened on the surface of the directional displacement plate 13. One side of the directional displacement plate 13 is fixedly connected to the second guide rail 8.

[0042] A mounting plate 15 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the support ring 6. A steering knob 16 is rotatably connected to one end of the mounting plate 15. A fixing plate 17 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the steering knob 16. An extension plate 18 is detachably connected to the lower part of the fixing plate 17.

[0043] The fixed plate 17 has a scale groove 19 in the middle, and an adjusting bolt 20 is provided on the inner side of the scale groove 19. The extension plate 18 has a mounting groove 21 in the middle.

[0044] An inclined knob 22 is rotatably connected to one end of the extension plate 18. A right-angle bent plate 23 is fixedly connected to one side of the inclined knob 22. A rotating column 24 is rotatably connected to one end of the right-angle bent plate 23. A secondary disk 26 is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating column 24. A deflector plate 28 is provided above the secondary disk 26. A secondary base 29 is fixedly connected to the top of the deflector plate 28. A secondary speed measuring instrument 30 is provided above the secondary base 29.

[0045] An adjustment knob 25 is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating column 24.

[0046] The top of the sub-plate 26 is provided with a sub-groove 27, and the deflector plate 28 is slidably connected to the sub-groove 27.

[0047] A lifting platform 31 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the second guide rail 8, and a support frame 32 is slidably connected to one side of the lifting platform 31.

[0048] A limiting groove 33 is provided on the side of the support ring 6 near the fixed plate 17.

[0049] An adaptive adjustment method for a surveying device includes the following steps:

[0050] S1. Determine the survey reference point, deploy the device at an observation position that can cover the area to be measured, so that the two measurement units are on a unified measurement reference plane, calibrate and fix the distance between the two measurement units, and form the known reference side length for triangulation.

[0051] S2. Make the two measuring units simultaneously aim at the same point to be measured, obtain the ray direction information pointing to the point to be measured, and construct a triangular geometric model based on the known reference side length and the angle between the two rays.

[0052] S3. Keeping the spacing between the two measuring units constant, the entire drive device is quantitatively translated along a fixed direction, and the distance and direction of the translation are recorded.

[0053] S4. After the translation is completed, make the two measurement units aim at the same point to be measured synchronously again, obtain new ray direction information, and combine the fixed reference side length with the new ray angle to reconstruct the triangular geometric model.

[0054] S5. Based on the reference side length of the two trigonometric geometric models, the angle between the two rays, and the distance and direction of the translation, the geometric relationship is transformed into a numerical solution through joint trigonometric function operations to obtain the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the point to be measured, thus completing the surveying and positioning.

[0055] Example: In this example, the corner of a building facing the street next to a secondary urban road is used as the measurement point. The measurement point is about 15 meters away from the observation position. The surrounding low shrubs block the view and make it impossible to set up the measuring rod. The cement hardened ground can ensure the stability of the device.

[0056] First, determine the municipal control point beside the road as the reference benchmark, with its east coordinates of 32500.0 meters, north coordinates of 5100.0 meters, and elevation of 40.0 meters. Place the device 15 meters away from the point to be measured, unfold the support frame 32 and fix it with anchor bolts, and adjust the lifting platform 31 to make the center height of the electronic speed measuring instrument 1 1.5 meters. Next, perform dual-unit leveling: adjust the leveling base 2 to center the bubble of the level instrument, and then adjust the auxiliary base 29 to center the level of the auxiliary speed measuring instrument 30 as well. Move the sliding extension plate 18 along the scale groove 19 of the fixed plate 17, and determine the distance between the electronic speed measuring instrument 1 and the auxiliary speed measuring instrument 30 to be 1.0 meter by the scale reading, and tighten the adjusting bolt 20 to lock it.

[0057] Next, rotate the steering plate 3 to aim the electronic velocimeter 1 at the point to be measured. The readings are: horizontal angle 135°00′00″, elevation angle 2°00′00″. Then adjust the auxiliary velocimeter 30 to aim at the reference point. The readings are: horizontal angle 134°30′00″, elevation angle 2°00′00″. Calculate the ray angle: horizontal angle difference 30′ = 0.5°, elevation angle difference 0°, and the three-dimensional spatial angle is directly taken as 0.5°.

[0058] Keep the adjusting bolt 20 locked, rotate the guide plate 11 to align the guide groove 12 with the 45° directional displacement groove 14 of the directional displacement plate 13, push the sliding column 10 to slide along the guide groove 12, causing the support ring 6 to translate along the first guide rail 7 and the second guide rail 8. The directional displacement groove 14 reads a translation distance of 1.000 meters and a direction angle of 45°. Record the offset after translation: 1.000 meters east × 45° cosine ≈ 0.7071 meters, 1.000 meters north × 45° sine ≈ 0.7071 meters.

[0059] After translation, the two units aimed at the point to be measured again. The readings of the electronic velocimeter 1 were 135°01′00″ horizontal angle and 2°00′00″ pitch angle; the readings of the auxiliary velocimeter 30 were 134°31′00″ horizontal angle and 2°00′00″ pitch angle. The angle between the new rays was still 0.5°.

[0060] A coordinate system is established with the initial observation point as the origin, and east, north, and elevation as axes. According to the sine theorem, a 1.000-meter distance between the main and auxiliary tachometers corresponds to an included angle of 0.5°, sin0.5°≈0.008727. The distance from the point to be measured to electronic tachometer 1 is 1.000 meters ÷ 0.008727 ≈ 114.6 meters. Combining this with a horizontal angle of 135°, the relative coordinate to the east is 114.6 meters × cos135° ≈ -81.0 meters, and the relative coordinate to the north is 114.6 meters × sin135° ≈ 81.0 meters; the elevation angle is 2°, sin2°≈0.0349, and the elevation offset is 114.6 meters × 0.0349 ≈ 4.0 meters. With the instrument height superimposed at 1.5 meters, the relative elevation coordinate is 5.5 meters.

[0061] Based on the data filtering after translation, the coordinates of the translated observation point (0.7071 m, 0.7071 m, 0 m) are converted to unique coordinates of (-81.0 m, 81.0 m, 5.5 m). The global coordinates of the reference control point are converted as follows: East: 32500.000 - 81.0 = 32419.000 m; North: 5100.000 + 81.0 = 5181.000 m; Elevation: 40.000 + 5.5 = 45.500 m.

[0062] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purposes of illustration and description. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surveying device based on adaptive adjustment, characterized in that, The device includes an electronic speed measuring instrument (1), a leveling base (2) detachably connected to the bottom of the electronic speed measuring instrument (1), a steering plate (3) fixedly connected to the bottom of the leveling base (2), a dial (4) provided below the steering plate (3), a groove (5) provided on the top of the dial (4), the groove (5) being slidably connected to the steering plate (3), a support ring (6) fixedly connected to the bottom of the dial (4), a first guide rail (7) slidably connected to the bottom of the support ring (6), and a second guide rail (8) slidably connected to the bottom of the first guide rail (7). A transmission plate (9) is fixedly connected to the outside of the support ring (6). A sliding column (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the transmission plate (9). A guide plate (11) is provided on the side of the sliding column (10). A guide groove (12) is provided on the top of the guide plate (11). The sliding column (10) is slidably connected to the guide groove (12). A directional displacement plate (13) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the guide plate (11). A number of directional displacement grooves (14) are provided on the surface of the directional displacement plate (13). One side of the directional displacement plate (13) is fixedly connected to the second guide rail (8).

2. The mapping device based on adaptive adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner side of the support ring (6) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (15), one end of the mounting plate (15) is rotatably connected to the steering knob (16), the lower part of the steering knob (16) is fixedly connected to the fixing plate (17), and the lower part of the fixing plate (17) is detachably connected to the extension plate (18).

3. The mapping device based on adaptive adjustment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixed plate (17) has a scale groove (19) in the middle, and an adjusting bolt (20) is provided on the inner side of the scale groove (19). The extension plate (18) has an installation groove (21) in the middle.

4. The mapping device based on adaptive adjustment according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the extension plate (18) is rotatably connected to an tilt knob (22), one side of the tilt knob (22) is fixedly connected to a right-angle bent plate (23), one end of the right-angle bent plate (23) is rotatably connected to a rotating column (24), the side of the rotating column (24) is fixedly connected to a sub-disc (26), a deflector plate (28) is provided above the sub-disc (26), a sub-base (29) is fixedly connected to the top of the deflector plate (28), and a sub-speed meter (30) is provided above the sub-base (29).

5. The mapping device based on adaptive adjustment according to claim 4, characterized in that, An adjustment knob (25) is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating column (24).

6. The mapping device based on adaptive adjustment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top of the sub-disk (26) is provided with a sub-groove (27), and the deflector plate (28) is slidably connected to the sub-groove (27).

7. The mapping device based on adaptive adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A lifting platform (31) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the second guide rail (8), and a support frame (32) is slidably connected to one side of the lifting platform (31).

8. The mapping device based on adaptive adjustment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support ring (6) has a limiting groove (33) on the side near the fixing plate (17).

9. A method for adjusting a surveying device based on adaptive adjustment, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Determine the survey reference point, deploy the device at an observation position that can cover the area to be measured, so that the two measurement units are on a unified measurement reference plane, calibrate and fix the distance between the two measurement units, and form the known reference side length for triangulation. S2. Make the two measuring units simultaneously aim at the same point to be measured, obtain the ray direction information pointing to the point to be measured, and construct a triangular geometric model based on the known reference side length and the angle between the two rays. S3. Keeping the spacing between the two measuring units constant, the entire drive device is quantitatively translated along a fixed direction, and the distance and direction of the translation are recorded. S4. After the translation is completed, make the two measurement units aim at the same point to be measured synchronously again, obtain new ray direction information, and combine the fixed reference side length with the new ray angle to reconstruct the triangular geometric model. S5. Based on the reference side length of the two trigonometric geometric models, the angle between the two rays, and the distance and direction of the translation, the geometric relationship is transformed into a numerical solution through joint trigonometric function operations to obtain the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the point to be measured, thus completing the surveying and positioning.

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