Turning device for part with inner spherical surface and outer spherical surface

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of turning devices, and provides a turning device for a part with an inner spherical surface and an outer spherical surface, which can realize processing operation of a spherical cavity, is better in applicability, more flexible in cutting operation, simpler in tool replacement, quicker in sphere diameter adjustment of the spherical cavity and better in practicability, and comprises a tool rest and a lathe bed, a left power box and a right power box are arranged at the left end and the right end of the lathe bed respectively, a left chuck is installed on the left power box, a left power structure used for driving the left chuck is installed in the left power box, an inner spherical surface turning assembly is installed on the left chuck and comprises a clamping frame, and the clamping frame is installed in the left chuck in a clamped mode. A centrifugal frame is rotationally connected into the clamping frame, an adjusting arm is installed on the centrifugal frame, a round-edge cutter is connected into the adjusting arm through an inserting rod frame, and a double-positioning piece is installed in the adjusting arm and used for auxiliary positioning of the round-edge cutter in the adjusting arm and auxiliary positioning of the adjusting arm relative to the centrifugal frame.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of turning apparatus technology, and more specifically to a turning apparatus for having internal and external spherical parts. Background Technology

[0002] As is well known, a turning device for internal and external spherical parts is an auxiliary device used in the auxiliary machining process of internal and external spherical parts to realize the internal and external turning machining of internal and external spherical parts.

[0003] A search revealed that Chinese patent application CN201710368028.4 discloses a spherical turning apparatus. Its general description includes a tool post, a slide fixedly held on the tool post, a sliding rod passing through the slide in a horizontal direction, and the slide being fed laterally by a central slide plate of the tool post, thus pushing the sliding rod to move vertically in parallel. The left end of the sliding rod is connected to a cutting head for machining the spherical surface of the workpiece. The right end of the sliding rod is hinged to the left end of a telescopic rod, which includes a first sliding rod and a second sliding rod slidably connected. A second rod is fitted inside the first sliding rod, and a locking device is installed at one end of the first sliding rod. The right end of the telescopic rod is hinged to a tapered rod, which is connected to the tailstock of the machine tool. In use, the workpiece is clamped by a chuck and rotates, while the slide is fed laterally by a central slide plate of the tool post. The plate feeds laterally, which in turn pushes the sliding rod to make a vertical parallel movement. The right end of the sliding rod is connected to the left end of the telescopic rod by a hinge. The right end of the telescopic rod is also connected to the conical rod by a hinge. The vertical parallel movement of the sliding rod can drive the telescopic rod to rotate around the hinge point of the telescopic rod and the conical rod. Thus, at the cutter head, the same arc trajectory can be formed by the principle of similarity, resulting in high machining accuracy. At this time, the distance between the hinge points at both ends of the telescopic rod is equal to the radius of the spherical surface of the workpiece. By changing the telescopic rod of different lengths, spherical surfaces of different radii can be machined. The telescopic rod includes a first sliding rod and a second sliding rod that are slidably connected. The second rod is fitted inside the first sliding rod. One end of the first sliding rod is equipped with a locking device. By simply adjusting the length of the telescopic rod, the purpose of machining spherical surfaces of different radii can be achieved.

[0004] Although the aforementioned existing technical solutions can achieve assisted machining of spherical surfaces, they are not well-suited for machining operations such as parts with spherical cavities. Furthermore, the depth of cut feed angle of the cutter head relative to the workpiece is relatively fixed, resulting in significant limitations in cutting and poor practicality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a turning device for parts with inner and outer spherical surfaces. While ensuring the machining of the outer spherical surface of the parts, it can also perform machining operations on spherical cavities, making it highly applicable. The turning operation of the spherical cavity can be completed simply by controlling the relative speed difference between the circular cutting tool and the parts. The cutting operation is flexible, the tool replacement is simple, and the adjustment of the spherical diameter of the cavity is quick, making it highly practical.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a turning device for parts with internal and external spherical surfaces, comprising a tool post and a machine bed, wherein a left power box and a right power box are respectively provided at the left and right ends of the machine bed, a left chuck is mounted on the left power box, and a left power structure for driving the left chuck is installed inside the left power box, an internal spherical turning assembly is mounted on the left chuck, the internal spherical turning assembly includes a clamping frame, the clamping frame is clamped and installed inside the left chuck, a centrifugal frame is rotatably connected inside the clamping frame, an adjusting arm is mounted on the centrifugal frame, a circular cutting tool is connected inside the adjusting arm through a rod frame, and a double positioning component is installed inside the adjusting arm, the double positioning component being used for auxiliary positioning of the circular cutting tool inside the adjusting arm and auxiliary positioning of the adjusting arm relative to the centrifugal frame. The adjusting arm is equipped with a drive unit for auxiliary operation of the dual positioning components. The centrifugal frame is fixedly connected to a double-ear seat, and a connecting seat is rotatably connected to the double-ear seat. The connecting seat is connected to a limit seat through a connecting spring. The limit seat is equipped with a double insert. The clamping frame has a first limit hole and a second limit hole that match the double insert. A right chuck is installed on the right power box, and a right power structure for driving the right chuck is installed inside the right power box. The tool post is installed on the bed, and a first servo motor and a second servo motor are installed on the tool post. The first servo motor is used for the left and right position movement and control of the tool post relative to the bed. An external cutting tool is slidably installed on the tool post. The second servo motor is used for the front and rear position movement and control of the external cutting tool relative to the tool post.

[0009] Preferably, the circular blade has two insertion holes, and the insertion rod holder has two insertion rods, each of which has a limiting notch that matches the insertion holes.

[0010] Furthermore, the dual positioning component includes a clamping block, a connecting column, and a pushing frame. The centrifugal frame is provided with multiple limiting ports. Two elastic frames are fixedly connected to the adjusting arm. Each of the two elastic frames has a limiting plate matching the limiting port at its far end. The right end of the clamping block matches the plane on the circular blade. The left end of the clamping block is fixedly connected to the right end of the connecting column. The right end of the pushing frame is fixedly connected to the left end of the connecting column. A return spring is fitted on the connecting column and is fixedly connected inside the adjusting arm. Two wedge blocks are provided on the pushing frame, and the two wedge blocks are used to assist the pushing of the two elastic frames.

[0011] Preferably, the driving component includes a rotating column, which is rotatably connected inside the adjusting arm, and the pressing block has a push hole, in which an eccentric roller is provided, and the eccentric roller is fixedly connected to the rotating column.

[0012] Furthermore, the dual insert includes a rotating frame, which is rotatably connected within the limiting seat. The limiting seat has two mounting holes, and each mounting hole has a limiting rod slidably connected to it. The first and second limiting holes are matched with the limiting rods. Each limiting rod is fixedly connected to a spring, which is also fixedly connected within the limiting seat. Each limiting rod is hinged to a linkage plate, which is hinged to the rotating frame.

[0013] Preferably, a drive block is fixedly connected to both the rotating column and the rotating frame, and multiple oblique insertion slots are provided on both drive blocks.

[0014] Based on the aforementioned scheme, the left power structure includes a left fixed cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the left power box. A third servo motor is mounted on the left fixed cylinder, and the third servo motor is driven by a drive shaft. A sliding shaft is slidably connected to the drive shaft. The left chuck is mounted on the sliding shaft, and a recessed annular groove is formed on the sliding shaft. An annular frame is rotatably connected within the recessed annular groove. An electric telescopic rod is installed inside the left power box, and the telescopic rod of the electric telescopic rod is connected to the annular frame. The left fixed cylinder has a strip-shaped opening that matches the annular frame.

[0015] Preferably, the right power structure includes a right rotating shaft and a fourth servo motor. The right rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the right power box, the right chuck is fixedly connected to the right rotating shaft, and the fourth servo motor is installed inside the right power box and is used to drive the rotation of the right rotating shaft.

[0016] Based on the aforementioned scheme, the pole holder is provided with a slope, and the adjusting arm has a notch that matches the slope to facilitate the disassembly of the pole holder.

[0017] Based on the aforementioned scheme, an external guide slope plate and two slope plates are fixedly connected inside the bed, and both slope plates are matched with the external guide slope plate.

[0018] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a turning apparatus for parts with internal and external spherical surfaces, which has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. In this invention, the cooperation of the right power box, the right chuck and the right power structure facilitates the clamping of the parts to be processed and the formation of the turning rotation of the parts. Through the cooperation of the external cutting tool and the tool holder, the machining of the outer spherical surface on the rotating parts can be realized.

[0021] 2. In this invention, the design of the inner spherical turning component enables the turning operation of forming a spherical cavity relative to the part held by the right chuck. The circular cutting tool can be rotated relative to the clamping frame to adjust its rotation speed, thereby achieving turning and forming at different positions within the inner spherical cavity. The turning operation of the spherical cavity can be completed simply by controlling the relative speed difference between the circular cutting tool and the part, making the cutting operation more flexible.

[0022] 3. In this invention, the left power structure is designed to enable the installation and power drive of the left chuck, which facilitates the rotation drive and left-right drive of the inner spherical turning component, thereby achieving the overall turning and forming of the inner spherical cavity of the part, and has good applicability.

[0023] 4. In this invention, the design of the dual positioning components can achieve the pressing and positioning of the circular blade in the adjusting arm after the insertion rod is inserted into the insertion hole. At the same time, it can also achieve the auxiliary limiting of the limiting plate in the limiting port, which facilitates the maintenance and replacement of the circular blade and the adjustment of the relative position between the adjusting arm and the centrifuge frame. The replacement of the circular blade is relatively simple, and the adjustment of the ball diameter of the spherical cavity is relatively quick.

[0024] 5. In this invention, the design of the double inserts enables the connection and adjustment of the limiting seat within the clamping frame, facilitating the adjustment of the half-spherical cavity to the other half after the half-spherical cavity has been machined, thereby facilitating the machining of the entire spherical cavity and improving its practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the entire invention;

[0026] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the partial structure at point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 3This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram showing a partial cross-section of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point B;

[0029] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point C;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the centrifuge rack, adjusting arm, and double lugs of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cooperation between the insertion rod holder and the insertion rod of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the drive shaft of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a rear-view perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of the entire invention;

[0034] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point D;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cooperation between the limiting seat, the limiting rod, and the driving block of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the cooperation of the left power box, drive shaft, and ring frame of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram showing the assembly of the left fixed cylinder, sliding shaft, and ring frame of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 14 This is a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the adjusting arm, elastic frame, and limiting plate of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating column, eccentric roller, and connecting column of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the adjustment arm and elastic frame of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 17 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the circular blade knife of the present invention after adjustment.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Tool holder; 2. Bed; 3. Left power box; 4. Right power box; 5. Left chuck; 6. Clamping frame; 7. Centrifuge rack; 8. Adjusting arm; 9. Circular blade; 10. Double ear seat; 11. Connecting seat; 12. Limiting seat; 13. First limiting hole; 14. Second limiting hole; 15. Right chuck; 16. External cutting blade; 17. Insertion hole; 18. Insertion rod; 19. Limiting notch; 20. Clamping block; 21. Connecting column; 22. Push frame; 23. Elastic frame; 24. 25. Limiting plate; 26. Reset spring; 27. Wedge block; 28. Rotating column; 29. ​​Insertion hole; 30. Eccentric roller; 31. Rotating frame; 32. Limiting rod; 33. Pop-out spring; 34. Linkage plate; 35. Drive block; 36. Slanted insertion opening slot; 37. Left fixed cylinder; 38. Drive shaft; 39. Sliding shaft; 40. Recessed annular groove; 41. Annular frame; 42. Strip opening; 43. Right rotating shaft; 44. Slope surface; 45. Notch; 46. Outer guide slope plate; 47. Slope plate. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Example

[0045] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 17A turning apparatus for parts with internal and external spherical surfaces includes a tool post 1 and a bed 2. An external guide plate 45 and two slope plates 46 are fixedly connected inside the bed 2. Both slope plates 46 are matched with the external guide plate 45 to facilitate the guidance and removal of cutting chips. A left power box 3 and a right power box 4 are respectively located at the left and right ends of the bed 2. A left chuck 5 is mounted on the left power box 3, and a left power structure for driving the left chuck 5 is installed inside the left power box 3. The left power structure includes a left fixed cylinder 36, which is fixedly connected inside the left power box 3. A third servo motor is mounted on the left fixed cylinder 36, and the third servo motor drives... A drive shaft 37 is connected, and a sliding shaft 38 is slidably connected to the drive shaft 37. The left chuck 5 is mounted on the sliding shaft 38. A recessed annular groove 39 is opened on the sliding shaft 38, and an annular frame 40 is rotatably connected in the recessed annular groove 39. An electric telescopic rod is installed in the left power box 3, and the telescopic rod of the electric telescopic rod is connected to the annular frame 40. A strip-shaped opening 41 is opened on the left fixed cylinder 36, and the strip-shaped opening 41 matches the annular frame 40. Through the design of the left power structure, the installation and power drive of the left chuck 5 are realized, so as to facilitate the rotation drive and left and right drive of the inner spherical turning component, thereby realizing the overall turning and forming of the inner spherical cavity of the part, which has good applicability.

[0046] It should be further explained that an internal spherical turning assembly is installed on the left chuck 5. The internal spherical turning assembly includes a clamping frame 6, which is clamped and installed inside the left chuck 5. A centrifugal frame 7 is rotatably connected inside the clamping frame 6. An adjusting arm 8 is installed on the centrifugal frame 7. A circular cutting tool 9 is connected to the adjusting arm 8 through a rod holder. The circular cutting tool 9 has two insertion holes 17. The rod holder is provided with two insertion rods 18. Each insertion rod 18 has a limiting notch 19 that matches the insertion hole 17. Through the design of the internal spherical turning assembly, a turning operation that forms a spherical cavity relative to the part clamped by the right chuck 15 can be performed. The circular cutting tool 9 can cooperate with the clamping frame 6. The rotational speed of the blade is adjusted relative to the clamping frame 6, thereby achieving turning and forming at different positions within the inner spherical cavity. The turning operation of the spherical cavity can be completed simply by controlling the relative speed difference between the circular blade 9 and the part, making the cutting operation more flexible. The insert frame is provided with a slope 43, and the adjusting arm 8 has a notch 44 that matches the slope 43, facilitating the disassembly of the insert frame. The adjusting arm 8 is equipped with a double positioning component, which is used for auxiliary positioning of the circular blade 9 within the adjusting arm 8 and auxiliary positioning of the adjusting arm 8 relative to the centrifugal frame 7. The double positioning component includes a clamping block 20, a connecting column 21, and a pushing frame 22. The centrifugal frame 7 is provided with multiple limit ports for adjustment. Two elastic frames 23 are fixedly connected to the arm 8. Each elastic frame 23 has a limiting plate 24 matching the limiting port at its far end. The right end of the clamping block 20 matches the plane on the circular blade 9, and the left end of the clamping block 20 is fixedly connected to the right end of the connecting column 21. The right end of the pushing frame 22 is fixedly connected to the left end of the connecting column 21. A return spring 25 is fitted onto the connecting column 21 and is fixedly connected inside the adjusting arm 8. Two wedge blocks 26 are provided on the pushing frame 22, which are used to assist the pushing of the two elastic frames 23. Through the design of the double positioning components, it is possible to achieve the following when the insertion rod 18 is inserted into the insertion hole 17: the circular blade... The blade 9 is clamped and positioned within the adjusting arm 8, and the limiting plate 24 can also be used for auxiliary positioning within the limiting port. This facilitates the maintenance and replacement of the circular blade 9 and the adjustment of the relative position between the adjusting arm 8 and the centrifuge frame 7. The replacement of the circular blade 9 is relatively simple, and the adjustment of the ball diameter of the spherical cavity is relatively quick. The adjusting arm 8 is equipped with a drive component for auxiliary operation of the dual positioning components. The drive component includes a rotating column 27, which is rotatably connected within the adjusting arm 8. The clamping block 20 is provided with a push hole 28, and an eccentric roller 29 is provided within the push hole 28. The eccentric roller 29 is fixedly connected to the rotating column 27, which facilitates the adjustment of the clamping block 20 within the adjusting arm 8 by overcoming the drive of the return spring 25.

[0047] It should be further explained that the centrifuge rack 7 is fixedly connected to a double-ear seat 10, and a connecting seat 11 is rotatably connected inside the double-ear seat 10. The connecting seat 11 is connected to a limit seat 12 via a connecting spring. A double insert is installed inside the limit seat 12. The double insert includes a rotating frame 30, which is rotatably connected inside the limit seat 12. The limit seat 12 is provided with two mounting holes, and a limit rod 31 is slidably connected in each of the two mounting holes. The first limit hole 13 and the second limit hole 14 both match the limit rod 31. A pop-out spring 32 is fixedly connected to each of the two limit rods 31, and both pop-out springs 32 are fixedly connected inside the limit seat 12. Both 31 are hinged with linkage plates 33, and both linkage plates 33 are hinged to the rotating frame 30. Through the design of double inserts, the connection and adjustment of the limiting seat 12 within the clamping frame 6 can be realized, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the half of the spherical cavity to the other half after the half of the spherical cavity has been turned, thereby facilitating the turning and forming of the entire spherical cavity. It has good practicality. The clamping frame 6 is provided with a first limiting hole 13 and a second limiting hole 14 that match the double inserts. A right chuck 15 is installed on the right power box 4, and a right power structure for driving the right chuck 15 is installed inside the right power box 4. The right power structure includes a right rotating shaft 42 and a fourth servo motor. The right rotating shaft 42 is rotatably connected to the right power box 4. The right chuck 15 is fixedly connected to the right rotating shaft 42. The fourth servo motor is installed in the right power box 4 and is used to drive the rotation of the right rotating shaft 42. Through the cooperation of the right power box 4, the right chuck 15 and the right power structure, the clamping operation of the parts to be processed and the rotational motion of the parts during turning are facilitated. The tool post 1 is installed on the bed 2, and the tool post 1 is equipped with a first servo motor and a second servo motor. The first servo motor is used for the left and right position movement and control of the tool post 1 relative to the bed 2. An external cutting tool 16 is slidably installed on the tool post 1. The second servo motor... The external cutting tool 16 is used for moving and controlling its position relative to the tool holder 1. Through the cooperation of the external cutting tool 16 and the tool holder 1, the machining operation of the outer spherical surface on the rotating parts can be realized. Both the rotating column 27 and the rotating frame 30 are fixedly connected to the driving block 34. Both driving blocks 34 are provided with multiple oblique insertion slots 35. By rotating the two driving blocks 34 respectively, the rotation drive of the rotating column 27 and the rotating frame 30 can be realized respectively. Furthermore, an external pry bar can be inserted into the corresponding oblique insertion slot 35 to increase the driving force arm of the driving block 34, thereby reducing the driving force of the driving block 34 and making it easier to operate.

[0048] The first servo motor, second servo motor, third servo motor, electric telescopic rod, and fourth servo motor in this embodiment are all conventional devices known to those skilled in the art and available on the market. In this patent, we are simply using them without making any improvements to their structure or function. Their setting method, installation method, and electrical connection method can be easily explained by those skilled in the art by following the instructions for use. Therefore, we will not elaborate on them here.

[0049] In summary, the working process of the turning device for internal and external spherical parts is as follows: First, the turning device is installed at the location of use. Then, the first servo motor, second servo motor, third servo motor, electric telescopic rod, and fourth servo motor are connected to the control circuit of the turning device. This control circuit is equipped with a PLC controller to realize the corresponding control of the first servo motor, second servo motor, third servo motor, electric telescopic rod, and fourth servo motor. The integrated circuit is equipped with external leads. Connecting the plug of the external leads to the municipal power supply and starting the switch of the integrated circuit will activate the PLC controller. Electricity is supplied, and the first, second, third, electric telescopic rods, and fourth servo motors enter standby mode. Then, the blank of the part to be turned is loaded into the right chuck 15. Before clamping the blank, in order to ensure the clamping accuracy and stability of the right chuck 15 on the blank, the blank can be pre-treated. Then, the fourth, first, and second servo motors are started. The fourth servo motor works to drive the rotation of the right chuck 15, thereby driving the rotation of the blank in the right chuck 15. The first and second servo motors work synchronously to realize the movement of the outer cutting tool 16 relative to the blank, thereby realizing the turning and forming of the outer spherical surface of the blank.

[0050] Furthermore, adjust the circular blade 9 to the position as shown in the attached document. Figure 1As shown, during the rotation of the blank, the electric telescopic rod is controlled to push the ring frame 40 to the right within the left power box 3. The rightward movement of the ring frame 40 pushes the sliding shaft 38 to the right, thus pushing the left chuck 5 to the right. This achieves the relative movement of the circular cutting tool 9 relative to the blank, allowing the circular cutting tool 9 to perform internal hole cutting on the blank. During this process, the third servo motor remains in a stationary state, so the circular cutting tool 9 will not rotate with the blank due to the relative cutting force between the blank and the circular cutting tool 9. That is, the internal hole can be successfully cut. After the internal hole cutting is completed, the third servo motor is started, and the servo shaft of the third servo motor enters the rotation state from the stationary state. The operation of the third servo motor drives the rotation of the drive shaft 37, which in turn drives the rotation of the sliding shaft 38. The sliding shaft 38 drives the rotation of the entire inner spherical turning assembly through the left chuck 5. Since the centrifugal frame 7 is rotatably connected within the clamping frame 6, and the adjusting arm 8 and the circular cutting tool 9 are located on one side of the centrifugal frame 7, the clamping frame 6 rotates... During the process, the centrifugal frame 7, adjusting arm 8, and circular blade 9, which rotate synchronously with the rotating frame 30, will generate a certain centrifugal force. Under the action of this centrifugal force, the circular blade 9 will change position relative to the clamping frame 6, thereby adjusting the rotational cutting diameter. Through the coordinated work of the third and fourth servo motors, and by controlling the rotational speed of the clamping frame 6, the position of the circular blade 9 is changed. The fourth servo motor works to achieve coordinated rotational drive of the circular blade 9 and the blank, avoiding excessive speed difference between the circular blade 9 and the blank. At the same time, the electric telescopic rod works to achieve the reciprocating left and right movement of the circular blade 9 relative to the blank, and each movement realizes the adjustment of the rotational speed of the circular blade 9 and the follow-up adjustment of the rotational speed of the blank, realizing the rough turning of the spherical cavity inside the blank. During this process, the circular blade 9 is completely retracted relative to the blank as appropriate according to the actual cutting situation, which facilitates the cleaning of cutting chips and reduces the impact of cutting chips on the entire turning process. The range of left and right movement of the circular blade 9 controlled by the electric telescopic rod gradually decreases as the rotational speed of the clamping frame 6 gradually increases.

[0051] Furthermore, after rough turning, the third servo motor is first slowed down until it enters a parking state, and the fourth servo motor works in conjunction to bring the billet to the normal turning speed. Then, the electric telescopic rod controls the circular cutting tool 9 to move to the right, entering the rightmost position where the circular cutting tool 9 forms the inner hole cutting operation on the billet. Then, the electric telescopic rod maintains its current length and enters a parking state. Next, the third servo motor starts to drive the rotation of the circular cutting tool 9, and evenly increases the rotation speed of the circular cutting tool 9, so that the centrifugal force on the circular cutting tool 9 continuously increases, thereby causing the circular cutting tool 9 to move further away from the rotation axis of the clamping frame 6 until the adjusting arm 8 and the clamping frame 6 enter a perpendicular state, completing the turning and forming of half of the spherical cavity. During this process... The increasing speed of the servo motor, in conjunction with the continuously increasing speed of the circular blade 9, also controls the increasing speed of the billet, maintaining a stable relative cutting speed difference between the billet and the circular blade 9. Then, the fourth and third servo motors gradually decelerate until they return to a stationary state. The electric telescopic rod then retracts the circular blade 9 from the billet. Next, by rotating the rotating frame 30, under the action of the two linkage plates 33, the rotation of the rotating frame 30 causes the two limiting rods 31 to overcome the elastic force of the two springs 32 and move closer together. This causes the two limiting rods 31 to exit the first limiting hole 13. The positions of the two limiting rods 31 are adjusted so that they insert into the second limiting hole 14, completing the adjustment of the circular blade 9. At this point, the state of the circular blade 9 is as shown in the attached figure. Figure 17As shown, in this state, the electric telescopic rod works again to allow the circular cutting tool 9 to enter the blank until the clamping frame 6 coincides with the position of the clamping frame 6 when the inner hole cutting operation on the blank was initially performed to the rightmost position. Then, the electric telescopic rod stops working. The third and fourth servo motors work together to complete the turning operation of the remaining half of the spherical cavity, that is, to complete the turning operation of the entire spherical cavity. For spherical cavities with different diameters, the circular cutting tool 9 can be adjusted according to the spherical cavity being turned by adjusting the adjusting arm 8 relative to the centrifugal frame 7. During the adjustment of the cavity, the rotating column 27 is rotated relative to the adjusting arm 8. The rotating column 27 causes the eccentric roller 29 to rotate, and the rotating eccentric roller 29 will change its rotational position within the insertion hole 28. Due to the eccentric rotation of the eccentric roller 29, the position of the clamping block 20 relative to the adjusting arm 8 will change. When the clamping block 20 moves to the left relative to the adjusting arm 8, the pushing action of the wedge block 26 on the two elastic frames 23 becomes ineffective, and the limiting plate 24 will exit the corresponding limiting port, allowing the adjustment to proceed. The relative restraint between arm 8 and centrifuge frame 7 is lost, thus facilitating the adjustment of arm 8 relative to centrifuge frame 7. After adjustment, the rotational force acting on rotating column 27 is released, and wedge block 26 acts again on two elastic frames 23 under the action of return spring 25, thereby realizing the repositioning of arm 8 and centrifuge frame 7. At the same time, after rotating eccentric roller 29, the clamping effect of clamping block 20 on circular blade 9 is lost. In this state, the circular blade 9 is adjusted relative to the two insertion rods 18, so that the circular blade... 9. After exiting the limiting notch 19, pull the insertion rod 18 out of the insertion round hole 17 to remove the circular blade 9 from the adjusting arm 8. This is how the circular blade 9 is replaced. After replacement, insert the insertion rod 18 through the corresponding hole on the adjusting arm 8 and then insert it into the insertion round hole 17. Finally, after canceling the rotational force acting on the eccentric roller 29, the clamping block 20 can tighten the circular blade 9 again, thereby causing the circular blade 9 to be inserted into the limiting notch 19, thus achieving the re-limiting installation of the circular blade 9 and the insertion rod 18 in the adjusting arm 8.

[0052] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A turning apparatus for components having inner and outer spherical surfaces, comprising a tool holder (1), characterized in that, It also includes a bed (2), with a left power box (3) and a right power box (4) respectively provided at the left and right ends of the bed (2). A left chuck (5) is installed on the left power box (3), and a left power structure for driving the left chuck (5) is installed inside the left power box (3). An inner spherical turning assembly is installed on the left chuck (5). The inner spherical turning assembly includes a clamping frame (6), which is clamped and installed inside the left chuck (5). A centrifuge frame (7) is rotatably connected inside the clamping frame (6). An adjusting arm (8) is installed on the centrifuge frame (7). A circular cutting tool (9) is connected inside the adjusting arm (8) through a rod frame. A double positioning component is installed inside the adjusting arm (8). The double positioning component is used for auxiliary positioning of the circular cutting tool (9) inside the adjusting arm (8) and auxiliary positioning of the adjusting arm (8) relative to the centrifuge frame (7). A driving component for auxiliary operation of the double positioning component is installed inside the adjusting arm (8). (7) A double-ear seat (10) is fixedly connected, and a connecting seat (11) is rotatably connected inside the double-ear seat (10). The connecting seat (11) is connected to a limiting seat (12) through a connecting spring. A double insert is installed inside the limiting seat (12). A first limiting hole (13) and a second limiting hole (14) matching the double insert are opened on the clamping frame (6). A right chuck (15) is installed on the right power box (4), and a right power structure for driving the right chuck (15) is installed inside the right power box (4). The tool post (1) is installed on the bed (2), and a first servo motor and a second servo motor are installed on the tool post (1). The first servo motor is used for moving and controlling the left and right position of the tool post (1) relative to the bed (2). An external cutting tool (16) is slidably installed on the tool post (1). The second servo motor is used for moving and controlling the front and rear position of the external cutting tool (16) relative to the tool post (1).

2. The turning apparatus for a component having inner and outer spherical surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circular blade (9) has two insertion holes (17), and the insertion rod holder has two insertion rods (18). Each of the two insertion rods (18) has a limiting notch (19) that matches the insertion hole (17).

3. A turning apparatus for a component having inner and outer spherical surfaces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dual positioning component includes a clamping block (20), a connecting column (21), and a pushing frame (22). The centrifugal frame (7) is provided with multiple limiting ports. Two elastic frames (23) are fixedly connected to the adjusting arm (8). Each of the two elastic frames (23) is provided with a limiting plate (24) that matches the limiting port at one end. The right end of the clamping block (20) matches the plane on the circular blade (9). The left end of the clamping block (20) is fixedly connected to the right end of the connecting column (21). The right end of the pushing frame (22) is fixedly connected to the left end of the connecting column (21). A return spring (25) is fitted on the connecting column (21). The return spring (25) is fixedly connected inside the adjusting arm (8). Two wedge blocks (26) are provided on the pushing frame (22). The two wedge blocks (26) are used to assist the pushing of the two elastic frames (23).

4. A turning apparatus for a component having inner and outer spherical surfaces according to claim 3, characterized in that, The driving component includes a rotating column (27), which is rotatably connected to the adjusting arm (8), and the pressing block (20) is provided with a push hole (28), and an eccentric roller (29) is provided in the push hole (28), which is fixedly connected to the rotating column (27).

5. A turning apparatus for a component having inner and outer spherical surfaces according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dual insert includes a rotating frame (30), which is rotatably connected to the limiting seat (12). The limiting seat (12) has two mounting holes, and each mounting hole has a limiting rod (31) slidably connected to it. The first limiting hole (13) and the second limiting hole (14) are matched with the limiting rod (31). Each limiting rod (31) is fixedly connected to a pop-out spring (32), which is fixedly connected to the limiting seat (12). Each limiting rod (31) is hinged to a linkage plate (33), which is hinged to the rotating frame (30).

6. A turning apparatus for a component having inner and outer spherical surfaces according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the rotating column (27) and the rotating frame (30) are fixedly connected to a drive block (34), and both drive blocks (34) are provided with multiple oblique insertion slots (35).

7. A turning apparatus for a component having inner and outer spherical surfaces according to claim 6, characterized in that, The left power structure includes a left fixed cylinder (36), which is fixedly connected to the left power box (3). A third servo motor is installed on the left fixed cylinder (36), and the third servo motor is driven by a drive shaft (37). A sliding shaft (38) is slidably connected to the drive shaft (37). The left chuck (5) is installed on the sliding shaft (38). A recessed annular groove (39) is provided on the sliding shaft (38). An annular frame (40) is rotatably connected in the recessed annular groove (39). An electric telescopic rod is installed in the left power box (3). The telescopic rod of the electric telescopic rod is connected to the annular frame (40). A strip-shaped opening (41) is provided on the left fixed cylinder (36), and the strip-shaped opening (41) matches the annular frame (40).

8. A turning apparatus for a component having inner and outer spherical surfaces according to claim 7, characterized in that, The right power structure includes a right rotating shaft (42) and a fourth servo motor. The right rotating shaft (42) is rotatably connected inside the right power box (4). The right chuck (15) is fixedly connected to the right rotating shaft (42). The fourth servo motor is installed inside the right power box (4) and is used to drive the rotation of the right rotating shaft (42).

9. A turning apparatus for a component having inner and outer spherical surfaces according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pole holder is provided with a slope (43), and the adjusting arm (8) is provided with a notch (44) that matches the slope (43) to facilitate the disassembly of the pole holder.

10. A turning apparatus for a component having inner and outer spherical surfaces according to claim 9, characterized in that, The bed (2) is fixedly connected to an external ramp plate (45) and two ramp plates (46), and both ramp plates (46) are matched with the external ramp plate (45).

Images