Flue gas dust removal and desulfurization device for coal-fired boiler

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas treatment, in particular to a flue gas dust removal and desulfurization device for a coal-fired boiler. Comprising a tower body, the tower body is composed of a liquid storage section and an exhaust section on the lower portion, an air inlet and an air outlet are formed in the liquid storage section, a spraying system and a demister are sequentially arranged in the exhaust section from top to bottom, and a water curtain mechanism is arranged in the tower body; according to the invention, efficient primary purification and flow field organization are carried out on flue gas through a water curtain mechanism formed by the flow guide plate arranged at the gas inlet and the water accumulation tank; continuous self-cleaning is realized through a covering water film formed on the tower wall by the annular pipe and the guide plate; the three parts of structures are sequentially cooperated in the tower, and the problems of flue gas pretreatment, equipment scale prevention and efficient reaction phase separation are systematically solved, so that the desulfurization and dust removal efficiency is improved, the operation stability is remarkably enhanced, and the comprehensive energy consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flue gas treatment technology, and in particular to a dust removal and desulfurization device for flue gas from a coal-fired boiler. Background Technology

[0002] Flue gas from coal-fired boilers mainly contains two key pollutants: particulate matter and sulfur dioxide. These pollute and affect air quality and human health, contribute to acid rain formation, and corrode the ecological environment. Therefore, dust removal and desulfurization are necessary before emissions. Current treatment methods commonly use electrostatic precipitators or bag filters for dust removal, capturing solid particles from the flue gas through electricity or filtration. For desulfurization, the mainstream technology is wet desulfurization, especially the limestone-gypsum method. Its core principle is to ensure sufficient contact between the flue gas and an alkaline slurry within an absorption tower, thereby absorbing sulfur dioxide and converting it into the byproduct gypsum.

[0003] However, the following problems exist in the current flue gas treatment process: First, the walls and internal support structures of traditional wet desulfurization absorption towers are prone to forming slurry that adheres to the alternating wet and dry evaporation zones due to the lack of a continuous cleaning mechanism. This is the root cause of gypsum and dust hardening and eventually severe scaling and blockage. This scaling problem reduces the effective flow cross-section, increases system resistance, and becomes a maintenance pain point that requires shutdown for intensive manual cleaning. Secondly, in the flue gas inlet area, existing technologies typically lack targeted pretreatment units. The high-temperature, high-dust raw flue gas directly impacts the core reaction zone inside the tower, resulting not only in severe heat and dust load impacts, but also in the unorganized airflow that easily forms flow "short circuits" and "dead zones" within the tower, leading to uneven gas-liquid mass transfer and unstable reaction efficiency. Finally, to compensate for the efficiency reduction caused by scaling and uneven flow field, and to ensure that emissions meet standards under worst-case conditions, the system is often forced to operate in an ultra-high liquid-to-gas ratio mode that is far higher than the actual needs for a long time, resulting in persistently high energy consumption of equipment such as slurry circulation pumps. This is an extensive and uneconomical operating state.

[0004] Therefore, how to efficiently pre-treat high-temperature and high-dust flue gas to optimize the flow field inside the tower, how to establish a continuous self-cleaning mechanism for the tower wall and internal structure to prevent scaling and blockage, and how to reduce the system's dependence on ultra-high liquid-to-gas ratio operation to save energy consumption are technical problems that need to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a dust removal and desulfurization device for flue gas of coal-fired boilers to solve the aforementioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dust removal and desulfurization device for flue gas of a coal-fired boiler, comprising a tower body, the tower body being composed of a lower liquid storage section and an exhaust section, the liquid storage section being provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the exhaust section being provided with a spray system and a demister arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and the tower body being provided with a water curtain mechanism.

[0007] The water curtain mechanism includes a guide plate that is inclined and fixedly installed inside the exhaust section and directly opposite the air inlet. A baffle is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the guide plate. The baffle, the guide plate, and the inner wall of the tower form a water collection trough. A drain trough communicating with the water collection trough is opened on the guide plate. An annular pipe located between the demister and the spray system is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the exhaust section. Water outlet holes with the axis pointing to the inner wall of the exhaust section are evenly opened along its circumference on the annular pipe. An opening and closing part is provided on the guide plate.

[0008] The flue gas injected from the air inlet impacts a continuous water curtain formed by the accumulation of water in the water tank and the flow of the confinement. Dust particles are captured in the water curtain, and the flue gas is cooled and conditioned. The guide plate is configured to redirect and diffuse the flue gas after impact. The annular pipe is configured to form a water film covering the inner wall of the exhaust section through the water outlet. The drain tank and the opening and closing part are configured to discharge the wastewater containing the deposited dust particles.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, a funnel-shaped base plate is fixedly installed in the lower part of the inner cavity of the liquid storage section. The lower end of the base plate is connected to a liquid exchange pipe, and an outlet pipe is connected to the upper part of the liquid storage section. An inlet pipe 1 and an inlet pipe 2 are respectively installed on the exhaust section. The inlet pipe 1 and the inlet pipe 2 are respectively connected to the annular pipe and the water collection tank.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, several baffles located in the water accumulation tank are fixedly installed on the guide plate. The baffles, the guide plate, and the enclosure form an independent water storage chamber, and the drain tank corresponds to the water storage chamber one by one.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, a guide plate with a 7-shaped cross-section is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the annular pipe along its contour. The lower part of the guide plate is inclined and points towards the inner wall of the exhaust section, and a gap is left between the inclined end of the guide plate and the inner wall of the exhaust pipe.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the opening and closing part includes a blocking block, the drainage channel has an L-shaped structure, a blocking block with the same inner contour is slidably installed in the drainage channel, a pair of connecting columns are fixedly installed at the end of the blocking block away from the enclosure, a connecting plate is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting columns away from the blocking block, and a push-pull component is provided on the tower body.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the push-pull component includes a support column fixedly installed on the inner wall of the liquid storage section, with the upper end of the support column higher than the liquid level of the liquid storage section. A push-pull rod that slides through the support column and the tower body is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the connecting plate. A cylinder is fixedly installed on the tower body, and the telescopic section of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the push-pull rod.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the spraying system is provided with multiple spraying layers from bottom to top, and the volume average particle size of the slurry droplets generated in each spraying layer decreases sequentially from bottom to top.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, a pair of limiting posts are also fixedly installed on the lower surface of the connecting plate, with the lower ends of the limiting posts slidably connected to the connecting posts.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the surfaces of the guide plate, enclosure, and baffle are all coated with an anti-corrosion and wear-resistant coating.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the end of the block located inside the water storage chamber is uniformly and fixedly equipped with anti-blocking columns.

[0018] The above-mentioned one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects: First, the present invention uses a water curtain mechanism composed of a guide plate and a water accumulation tank set at the air inlet to perform efficient primary purification and flow field organization of flue gas; continuous self-cleaning is achieved through the water film formed on the tower wall by the annular pipe and the guide plate; and deep-level reaction is carried out through a multi-layer spray layer with progressively smaller particle size from bottom to top. These three parts of the structure work together in sequence in the tower to systematically solve the problem of separation between flue gas pretreatment, equipment scale prevention and efficient reaction, thereby improving desulfurization and dust removal efficiency, significantly enhancing operational stability and reducing overall energy consumption.

[0019] Second, this invention uses an inclined guide plate facing the air inlet and a water trough formed by the enclosure on it, so that the high-speed flue gas must directly impact the continuous water curtain formed by the overflow of the water trough after entering. This not only uses inertial force to efficiently capture coarse particles, but more importantly, the kinetic energy of the flue gas is largely consumed by the water curtain and changes direction and diffuses evenly under the forced guidance of the guide plate surface. This directly eliminates the short circuits and dead zones formed by the direct impact of the flue gas on the tower core or tower wall, creating a uniform and stable airflow foundation for the subsequent spray reaction.

[0020] Third, this invention uses an annular pipe on the inner wall of the exhaust section to transport liquid to its 7-shaped guide plate through water outlet holes, thereby forming a uniformly flowing protective water film on the tower wall, eliminating the alternating wet and dry areas on the wall surface. At the same time, the independent water storage chambers separated by baffles in the water accumulation tank, along with their corresponding drain tanks and opening / closing parts, constitute a mechanical sewage discharge system that can be operated periodically and online. By driving the block to slide open and close the drain tank with a cylinder, the deposited particles can be discharged without affecting the stable formation of the water curtain above, achieving non-stop self-cleaning of key areas, eliminating the risk of scaling and clogging, and the anti-corrosion and wear-resistant coating ensures the long-term durability of the above core structure in harsh environments.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure after the section of the tower body has been cut open.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the push-pull component of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the image.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure between the annular pipe, guide plate and exhaust section of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure between the enclosure and the baffle of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing part of the present invention.

[0030] Reference numerals: 10, tower body; 100, liquid storage section; 101, exhaust section; 11, spray system; 12, demister; 2, water curtain mechanism; 20, guide plate; 21, enclosure; 210, baffle; 22, drain trough; 23, annular pipe; 230, guide plate; 3, opening and closing part; 30, block; 300, anti-blocking column; 31, connecting column; 32, connecting plate; 33, push-pull component; 330, support column; 331, push-pull rod; 332, cylinder; 333, limit column. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a flue gas dust removal and desulfurization device for a coal-fired boiler includes a tower body 10, which consists of a lower liquid storage section 100 and an exhaust section 101. The exhaust section 101 has an air inlet at the bottom and an air outlet at the top. A spray system 11 and a demister 12 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom in the exhaust section 101 between the air inlet and the exhaust outlet. A water curtain mechanism 2 is provided inside the tower body 10.

[0033] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the water curtain mechanism 2 includes a guide plate 20 that is inclined and fixedly installed inside the exhaust section 101 and directly opposite the air inlet. A baffle 21 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the guide plate 20. The baffle 21, the guide plate 20, and the inner wall of the tower body 10 form a water collection trough. A drain trough 22 that communicates with the water collection trough is opened on the guide plate 20. An annular pipe 23 located between the demister 12 and the spray system 11 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the exhaust section 101. Water outlet holes with the axis pointing to the inner wall of the exhaust section 101 are evenly opened on the annular pipe 23 along its circumference. An opening and closing part 3 is provided on the guide plate 20.

[0034] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a funnel-shaped base plate is fixedly installed in the lower part of the inner cavity of the liquid storage section 100. The lower end of the base plate is connected to a liquid exchange pipe. An outlet pipe is connected to the upper part of the liquid storage section 100. An inlet pipe 1 and an inlet pipe 2 are respectively provided on the exhaust section 101. The inlet pipe 1 and the inlet pipe 2 are respectively connected to the annular pipe 23 and the water collection tank.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the spraying system 11 has multiple spraying layers from bottom to top, and the average volumetric particle size of the slurry droplets generated in each spraying layer decreases sequentially from bottom to top.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, in specific operation, the liquid supply to the water collection tank, spray system 11, and annular pipe 23 all comes from the storage section 100, which is specially treated circulating water. Specifically, the storage section 100 stores the main slurry after the desulfurization reaction, which contains gypsum, the reaction product, unreacted limestone, and captured dust. A portion of the supernatant is pumped from the storage section 100 through the outlet pipe and transported to a solid-liquid separation unit (not shown in the figure). The purpose of this solid-liquid separation unit is to remove larger solid particles from the slurry to prevent blockage. However, this process deliberately retains dissolved alkaline substances and fine limestone particles in the liquid. The liquid obtained after this coarse-to-fine treatment is connected to the spray system 11, inlet pipe one, and inlet pipe two through multiple external inlet pipes. This avoids the risk of blockage and at the same time maintains a certain degree of alkalinity and reactivity, so that when the flue gas impacts the water curtain, it can not only efficiently capture dust and cool down, but also undergo a preliminary desulfurization reaction.

[0037] When the flue gas generated by the coal-fired boiler is injected into the tower body 10 at high speed through the air inlet, it first impacts the liquid stored in the water tank and supplied in the above manner. Most of the coarse dust particles in the flue gas are captured by the liquid due to inertial force. The flue gas itself is cooled, humidified, and initially neutralized by acidic substances. After the impact, the flue gas, which has lost most of its kinetic energy, changes its flow direction under the guidance of the inclined guide plate 20, becomes gentle, and diffuses upward. At the same time, the liquid sprayed from the water outlet of the annular pipe 23 (the water source can be the circulating slurry in the liquid storage section 100 or an independent water tank) forms a uniformly downward-flowing protective water film on the inner wall of the exhaust section 101. This wall water curtain can continuously wet and wash the tower wall, effectively preventing scale formation in this area and capturing any fine particles thrown towards the wall by centrifugal force.

[0038] Subsequently, the pretreated flue gas rises into the spray system 11, which adopts a staged design: the bottom spray layer sprays out the slurry droplets with the largest average volume diameter (e.g., 1500-2500 micrometers). These large droplets have high kinetic energy and strong penetrating power. Their main task is to ensure that the slurry can fully cover the cross section of the tower body 10 and make sufficient inertial contact with the flue gas, so as to complete the primary absorption of most of the sulfur dioxide and the capture of the remaining larger particles. The middle spray layer sprays medium-sized droplets (e.g., 800-1500 micrometers). This layer is the core area for gas-liquid mass transfer. The medium-sized droplets provide the best balance between surface area and falling velocity, achieving efficient and deep chemical absorption of sulfur dioxide. The uppermost spray layer sprays the finest droplets (e.g., 50-300 micrometers). These fine droplets create a gas-liquid contact area, specifically targeting the submicron-sized fine particles and aerosols remaining in the flue gas after the lower purification layer for final fine treatment. The slurry required for all spray layers is supplied by the storage section 100 through an external circulation pump. The limestone in the slurry is the absorbent for the desulfurization reaction.

[0039] The purified flue gas continues to rise, and after the demister 12 removes the carried droplets, it is discharged from the outlet in compliance with standards. The liquid circulation path of the entire system is as follows: the slurry sprayed down, the liquid flowing down the wall water curtain, and the pre-treated wastewater discharged from the guide plate 20 and the drain tank 22, all of which eventually flow into the liquid storage section 100. The funnel-shaped bottom plate at the bottom of the liquid storage section 100 helps solid particles settle and collect. The concentrated slurry or bottom slag can be discharged periodically through the liquid exchange pipe to control the solid content of the system. The liquid outlet pipe is connected to an external circulation pump to transport the slurry to the spray layer and the aforementioned pre-treatment water treatment unit, forming a complete and coordinated purification and liquid management closed loop.

[0040] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, several baffles 210 located in the water accumulation tank are fixedly installed on the guide plate 20. The baffles 210, the guide plate 20, and the enclosure 21 form an independent water storage chamber. The drain trough 22 corresponds to the water storage chamber one by one.

[0041] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, a guide plate 230 with a 7-shaped cross-section is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the annular pipe 23 along its outline. The lower part of the guide plate 230 is inclined and points towards the inner wall of the exhaust section 101. A gap is left between the inclined end of the guide plate 230 and the inner wall of the exhaust pipe.

[0042] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the surfaces of the guide plate 20, the enclosure 21 and the baffle 210 are all coated with an anti-corrosion and wear-resistant coating.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, during actual operation, when the liquid is injected into the water collection tank through the inlet pipe 2, it is separated by each baffle 210 and stored in an independent water storage chamber. This prevents the liquid from converging to a single low point on the inclined surface due to gravity, ensuring that each water storage chamber can independently maintain a high and stable liquid level. This high localized liquid level provides the necessary static pressure head for the liquid to overflow from the enclosure 21, resulting in a larger initial thickness and faster overflow velocity of the overflowing water curtain, thus forming a solid water curtain with greater mass and stronger inertia. When high-speed flue gas is injected from the air inlet and impacts this water curtain head-on, its huge inertia can effectively resist the shearing and tearing force of the flue gas, preventing the water curtain from being easily blown open, ensuring that the pretreatment area is covered by a continuous and complete body of water. After the impact occurs, the wastewater containing dust particles can be discharged by opening the drain trough 22 through the opening and closing part 3, avoiding sedimentation and blockage.

[0044] Meanwhile, the liquid flowing out of the outlet of the annular pipe 23 first falls onto the horizontal section of the "7"-shaped guide plate 230 above. After being buffered and guided, it flows steadily down its inclined section and finally overflows evenly from the end gap, thus forming a uniform vertical protective water film on the tower wall. This structure can optimize the distribution of the water film on the wall.

[0045] The surface anti-corrosion and wear-resistant coating can resist the scouring of high-speed dusty wet flue gas and acid and alkali corrosion, significantly extending the service life of core components and ensuring long-term stable operation of the overflow process.

[0046] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the opening and closing part 3 includes a blocking block 30, the drainage channel 22 has an L-shaped structure, and a blocking block 30 with the same inner contour as the drainage channel 22 is slidably installed inside the drainage channel 22. A pair of connecting columns 31 are fixedly installed at the end of the blocking block 30 away from the enclosure 21, and a connecting plate 32 is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting columns 31 away from the blocking block 30. A push-pull component 33 is provided on the tower body 10.

[0047] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the push-pull component 33 includes a support column 330 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the liquid storage section 100. The upper end of the support column 330 is higher than the liquid level of the liquid storage section 100. A push-pull rod 331 that slides through the support column 330 and the tower body 10 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the connecting plate 32. A cylinder 332 is fixedly installed on the tower body 10. The telescopic section of the cylinder 332 is fixedly connected to the push-pull rod 331.

[0048] like Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, a pair of limiting posts 333 are also fixedly installed on the lower surface of the connecting plate 32, and the lower ends of the limiting posts 333 are slidably connected to the connecting posts 31.

[0049] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the end of the block 30 located inside the water storage chamber is uniformly fixed with anti-blocking columns 300.

[0050] like Figures 2 to 7 As shown, during actual operation, when the device is running normally, the cylinder 332 is in the extended state. Through the transmission of the push-pull rod 331, the connecting plate 32 and the connecting column 31, the block 30 completely blocks the channel of the drain tank 22. At this time, the water storage chamber is in a closed water storage state, the water inlet speed is continuously stable, the liquid level rises rapidly and forms a stable overflow water curtain.

[0051] When sewage discharge is required, the external control system periodically activates cylinder 332, causing its telescopic section to pull push-pull rod 331 and connected connecting plate 32 and connecting column 31. Guided by limit column 333, the cylinder moves smoothly in a straight line, pulling block 30 out of drain trough 22 by a certain stroke, thereby opening drain trough 22. The flow channel cross-section of drain trough 22 is precisely calculated, and its inherent fluid resistance ensures that after block 30 is opened, the natural discharge speed of sewage is significantly less than the continuous inflow speed above. This speed difference design ensures that during the short sewage discharge period, the liquid level in the storage chamber will only drop slightly and controllably, and will never be completely emptied or drop below the critical liquid level that affects overflow. This ensures that the continuity and thickness stability of the water curtain are not disturbed by the sewage discharge action.

[0052] The anti-blocking column 300 at the end of the block 30 can disturb the sediment that may accumulate during the movement of the block 30, effectively preventing blockage. After the sewage discharge action is completed, the cylinder 332 drives the block 30 to reset and reseal the drain tank 22. The liquid level in the water storage chamber quickly recovers to the optimal overflow height under the action of water inlet. The entire opening and closing operation realizes the automatic and periodic removal of sediment without interrupting the flue gas treatment function, solving the hidden danger of sludge accumulation and blockage during long-term operation, and ensuring the long-term reliability and treatment effect of the water curtain mechanism 2.

[0053] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0054] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "number one," and "number two" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," "number one," or "number two" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0055] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," "installed," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flue gas dust removal and desulfurization device for a coal-fired boiler, comprising a tower body, the tower body consisting of a lower liquid storage section and an exhaust section, the liquid storage section being provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the exhaust section being provided with a spray system and a demister arranged sequentially from top to bottom, characterized in that: The tower is equipped with a water curtain mechanism; The water curtain mechanism includes a guide plate that is inclined and fixedly installed inside the exhaust section and directly opposite the air inlet. A baffle is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the guide plate. The baffle, the guide plate, and the inner wall of the tower form a water collection trough. A drain trough connected to the water collection trough is opened on the guide plate. An annular pipe located between the demister and the spray system is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the exhaust section. Water outlet holes with the axis pointing to the inner wall of the exhaust section are evenly opened along its circumference on the annular pipe. An opening and closing part is provided on the guide plate. The flue gas injected from the air inlet impacts a continuous water curtain formed by the accumulation of water in the water tank and the flow of the confinement. Dust particles are captured in the water curtain, and the flue gas is cooled and conditioned. The guide plate is configured to redirect and diffuse the flue gas after impact. The annular pipe is configured to form a water film covering the inner wall of the exhaust section through the water outlet. The drain tank and the opening and closing part are configured to discharge the wastewater containing the deposited dust particles.

2. The flue gas dust removal and desulfurization device for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A funnel-shaped base plate is fixedly installed in the lower part of the inner cavity of the liquid storage section. The lower end of the base plate is connected to a liquid exchange pipe. An outlet pipe is connected to the upper part of the liquid storage section. An inlet pipe 1 and an inlet pipe 2 are respectively installed on the exhaust section. The inlet pipe 1 and the inlet pipe 2 are respectively connected to the annular pipe and the water collection tank.

3. The flue gas dust removal and desulfurization device for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several baffles are fixedly installed on the guide plate and located in the water accumulation tank. The baffles, the guide plate, and the enclosure form an independent water storage chamber. The drain tank corresponds to the water storage chamber one by one.

4. The flue gas dust removal and desulfurization device for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide plate with a 7-shaped cross-section is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the annular pipe along its outline. The lower part of the guide plate is inclined and points towards the inner wall of the exhaust section. A gap is left between the inclined end of the guide plate and the inner wall of the exhaust pipe.

5. The flue gas dust removal and desulfurization device for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening and closing part includes a blocking block. The drainage channel has an L-shaped structure. A blocking block with the same inner contour as the blocking block is slidably installed inside the drainage channel. A pair of connecting columns are fixedly installed at the end of the blocking block away from the enclosure. A connecting plate is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting columns away from the blocking block. A push-pull component is provided on the tower body.

6. The flue gas dust removal and desulfurization device for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that: The push-pull component includes a support column fixedly installed on the inner wall of the liquid storage section. The upper end of the support column is higher than the liquid level in the liquid storage section. A push-pull rod that slides through the support column and the tower body is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the connecting plate. A cylinder is fixedly installed on the tower body. The telescopic section of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the push-pull rod.

7. The flue gas dust removal and desulfurization device for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying system has multiple spraying layers from bottom to top, and the average volumetric particle size of the slurry droplets generated in each spraying layer decreases sequentially from bottom to top.

8. The flue gas dust removal and desulfurization device for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pair of limiting posts are also fixedly installed on the lower surface of the connecting plate, and the lower ends of the limiting posts are slidably connected to the connecting posts.

9. A flue gas dust removal and desulfurization device for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surfaces of the guide vanes, enclosures, and baffles are all coated with anti-corrosion and wear-resistant coatings.

10. A flue gas dust removal and desulfurization device for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that: Anti-blocking columns are uniformly fixedly installed at the end of the block located inside the water storage chamber.

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