A prefabricated building design method based on BIM software

Abstract

This invention discloses a prefabricated building design method based on BIM software, relating to the technical field of architectural design. First, prefabricated building data is analyzed to construct a modular product library. This library is then called upon for modular processing to obtain a first prefabricated BIM model. The first prefabricated BIM model undergoes accuracy optimization and conflict detection to obtain a second prefabricated BIM model. Prefabricated components and corresponding manufacturing information are extracted from the second prefabricated BIM model, generating digital processing data and visualized production instructions, which are then pushed to the production management system of the prefabricated component factory. A unique identifier is bound to each prefabricated component in the second prefabricated BIM model. By scanning this unique identifier, installation information is retrieved and project status is updated during the construction phase. This invention streamlines the data flow from design to construction, achieving standardized, automated, and precise management of the entire prefabricated building process, significantly improving construction efficiency and quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of architectural design, and in particular to a prefabricated building design method based on BIM software. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of industrialized construction, prefabricated buildings face challenges such as low design efficiency, difficulty in collaboration, and difficulty in quality control. BIM methods have significant limitations in prefabricated scenarios: design is disconnected from production and construction; the model cannot directly drive manufacturing, resulting in information gaps; conflict detection is limited to geometric collisions and struggles to identify implicit conflicts such as interface matching and process feasibility. The contradiction between standardization and customization is prominent, and existing modular designs lack flexible adjustment mechanisms. Although some research has attempted to improve quality through data coding, a digital technology system spanning the entire design, production, and construction process has not yet been established. There is an urgent need for a systematic solution integrating modular design, intelligent inspection, and digital production to drive the development of prefabricated buildings towards higher quality and higher efficiency.

[0003] Currently, Chinese invention patent application CN202311201147.2 discloses a BIM-based prefabricated building design method. Addressing the issues of unclear processes and incomplete utilization in existing BIM-based prefabricated building design methods, this method includes acquiring design information from drawings, constructing a virtual building, standardizing design, disassembling prefabricated components, dynamically simulating construction methods, and optimizing the overall design. This invention has strong relevance and openness, not only helping to improve the design efficiency of prefabricated buildings and optimize and deepen design schemes, thus improving construction efficiency, but also allowing for timely adjustments to requirements, transforming information into construction parameters, thereby achieving the integration of design information and prefabricated components. However, related technologies cannot achieve flexible dimensional adjustments while ensuring component standardization, lacking flexibility; they cannot effectively identify the unique interfaces and logical conflicts of prefabricated buildings, lacking a systematic approach to conflict detection; and they cannot establish a seamless digital data chain from design to production and construction, lacking overall integration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this invention is that related technologies cannot achieve flexible size adjustment while ensuring component standardization, lack flexibility, cannot effectively discover the unique interface and logical conflicts of prefabricated buildings, lack a systematic approach to conflict detection, cannot establish a digital data chain from design to production and construction, and lack connectivity.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A prefabricated building design method based on BIM software includes the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: Collect prefabricated building data, perform standardization analysis and constraint analysis, obtain analysis results, and perform modular processing on the analysis results to obtain the first prefabricated BIM model;

[0008] Step S2: Perform accuracy optimization and conflict detection on the first prefabricated BIM model to obtain the second prefabricated BIM model;

[0009] Step S3: Extract prefabricated components and corresponding manufacturing information from the second prefabricated BIM model, generate digital processing data and visualized production instructions, and push them to the production management system of the prefabricated component factory.

[0010] Step S4: Bind a unique identifier to the prefabricated component, and retrieve installation information and update project status by scanning the unique identifier.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the prefabricated building design method based on BIM software described in this invention, the prefabricated building data includes product design data, general building modules, process restrictions, and a list of size and weight limits.

[0012] The product design data includes spatial dimension data and product catalog;

[0013] The spatial scale data includes plan dimensions, component dimensions, elevation dimensions, and grid dimensions;

[0014] The process constraints include a list of geometric constraints and a list of precision and pre-embedded constraints.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the prefabricated building design method based on BIM software described in this invention, the standardization analysis includes performing frequency distribution statistics on the spatial dimensions, identifying priority dimensions with a frequency higher than a preset threshold, filtering the priority dimensions, obtaining standard dimensions through a general building module, and using the analysis results to create structural system component families and functional space unit families using BIM software, and obtaining a modular product library based on physical interface specifications and data interface specifications. The functional space unit families include residential functional unit families, kitchen and bathroom functional unit families, and auxiliary functional unit families.

[0016] The constraint analysis includes obtaining the maximum outer dimensions and maximum weight control values ​​of the prefabricated components through linear programming based on the geometric constraint list and the size and weight limit list.

[0017] The analysis results include general building modules, preferred dimensions, standard dimensions, and maximum outline dimensions and maximum weight control values ​​for prefabricated components;

[0018] The physical interface specification standardizes the location of embedded parts and the type of connectors, while the data interface specification is the shared identification code and information exchange format for structural system component families and functional space unit families.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the prefabricated building design method based on BIM software described in this invention, the modular processing specifically includes:

[0020] A reference grid is generated based on the preferred dimensions. The functional space unit family is treated as a whole object and dragged and dropped to be laid out and assembled within the reference grid. Key parameters are set in the functional space unit family so that the key parameters only change within a first range. The functional space unit family laid out and assembled with the reference grid is respectively matched with the structural system component family to generate a first prefabricated BIM model.

[0021] The key parameters include plane length, plane width, and unit height.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the prefabricated building design method based on BIM software described in this invention, step S2 specifically includes:

[0023] Step S21: Use BIM software to optimize the accuracy of the first prefabricated BIM model to obtain the spatial geometric relationship of the steel bar arrangement, anchorage length, embedded sleeve and connecting bolt, and the positioning information of the pipeline, reserved sleeve and embedded channel.

[0024] Step S22: Perform conflict detection on the first prefabricated BIM model and generate a conflict report;

[0025] Step S23: Based on the conflict report, modify the first prefabricated BIM model in the BIM software to obtain the second prefabricated BIM model.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the prefabricated building design method based on BIM software described in this invention, the conflict detection specifically includes:

[0027] The first prefabricated BIM model is divided into several logical verification areas. Each logical verification area is regarded as a verification node. The verification node includes the geometric information, attribute information and interface relationship with the corresponding professional component of the verification node. A collaborative status identifier is assigned to each node. The collaborative status identifier is used to store a 16-bit conflict code.

[0028] In each round of testing, a verification node is selected as the leading verification node for this round. The leading verification node reads the corresponding collaborative status identifier. If the collaborative status identifier has recorded historical conflict codes, the historical conflict codes are used as the generation logic for local verification instructions. If no records are recorded, the leading verification node generates local verification instructions based on the corresponding collaborative status identifier. The local verification instructions perform local 3D spatial scanning and rule verification based on the leading verification node and the adjacent interface areas corresponding to the leading verification node to obtain rule verification results. Each verification node performs a local state operation based on the local verification instructions and internal status to generate local verification results and submit them to the BIM software. The local verification results are encoded to obtain a standardized data block that is independent of the leading verification node. The leading verification node collects all local verification results submitted to the BIM software and calculates the potential conflict indication value of the local verification results through aggregation functions.

[0029] Based on the potential conflict indication value, the leading validator node performs consistency determination and iteration through a decision algorithm, and generates a conflict report based on the results of multiple rounds of verification. The conflict report includes the conflict type, conflict location, and conflict confidence range.

[0030] The consistency determination includes no conflict, deterministic conflict, and further verification;

[0031] If the test is determined to be conflict-free, then the test is confirmed to have passed and the main test cycle is over.

[0032] If a deterministic conflict is determined, the conflict location is locked, a new layer of conflict encoding is generated, and the deterministic conflict encoding is added to the cooperative state identifier of the current node.

[0033] If further verification is required, a new round of randomized verification is initiated, and iterative calculations are performed until a deterministic conflict determination, a conflict-free determination, or the preset maximum number of iterations is reached.

[0034] The conflict confidence range is calculated based on the quotient of the number of times the conflict has been independently confirmed by different rounds and different leading validators, and the total number of times in the current round.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment of the prefabricated building design method based on BIM software described in this invention, the generation of conflict codes specifically includes:

[0036] The logical verification region corresponding to the dominant verifier node is mapped to a location identifier field using spatial grid coding. The rule verification field is obtained through the rule verification results. Based on all collected local verification results, potential conflict indication values, rule verification results, and a preset conflict type lookup table, a conflict type field is generated. The conflict type field, the location identifier field, and the rule verification field are concatenated in sequence to generate a 16-bit conflict code.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of the prefabricated building design method based on BIM software described in this invention, the rule verification includes interface matching verification, spatial compliance verification, structural rationality verification, and pipeline path connectivity pre-verification.

[0038] The interface matching verification is to check whether there is a conflict between the physical boundaries of adjacent functional space unit families and whether the reserved interfaces are aligned.

[0039] The space compliance verification involves checking whether the net height and area of ​​all rooms meet the design specifications and ergonomic requirements.

[0040] The structural rationality verification involves checking whether the layout of the functional space unit family is aligned with the underlying structural grid and whether there are any overhangs exceeding the limits.

[0041] The pipeline path connectivity pre-verification is to check whether the vertical shafts of the vertically aligned functional space unit families are connected.

[0042] The following conditions are coded as follows: no physical boundary conflict, aligned reserved interfaces, all room heights and areas meet design specifications and ergonomic requirements, layout aligned with the underlying structural grid, no overhangs exceeding limits, and no vertical shafts connected. The following conditions are coded as follows: physical boundary conflict, misaligned reserved interfaces, all room heights and areas do not meet design specifications and ergonomic requirements, layout misaligned with the underlying structural grid, overhangs exceeding limits, and vertical shafts not connected. A 6-bit code is obtained.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the prefabricated building design method based on BIM software described in this invention, step S3 specifically includes:

[0044] Step S31: Extract the manufacturing information of each prefabricated component from the second prefabricated BIM model. The manufacturing information includes geometric dimensions, bill of materials, steel bar type, layout diagram and embedded part type.

[0045] Step S32: The manufacturing information is converted into a data format that can be recognized by a specific CNC device through a post-processor to obtain digital processing data;

[0046] Step S33: Based on the digital processing data, generate a visual production instruction corresponding to each component using an NLP model. The visual production instruction includes a 3D schematic diagram of the component, a positioning diagram of the embedded parts, and specific process requirements.

[0047] Step S34: The digital processing data and the visual production instruction file package are pushed to the production management system of the precast component factory through BIM software.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment of the prefabricated building design method based on BIM software described in this invention, step S4 specifically includes:

[0049] Step S41: In the second prefabricated BIM model, a unique identifier is generated for each prefabricated component instance, and the unique identifier is bound to all information of the component in the second prefabricated BIM model.

[0050] Step S42: Attach the unique identifier to the corresponding physical component during the factory production process, and complete the association record between the physical component and the unique identifier in the production management system.

[0051] Step S43: During the construction hoisting phase, the installation information of the components is retrieved and displayed in real time from the BIM software by scanning the unique identification code with a mobile terminal.

[0052] Step S44: After the component is installed in place, the mobile terminal scans the identification code to confirm the installation is complete, and the installation status information is sent back to the BIM software. The BIM software then updates the installation status information of the component.

[0053] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By constructing a modular product library and parametric-driven design, this invention achieves rapid combination and controllable size variation of functional space units, improving design efficiency and standardization. Employing a conflict detection mechanism based on distributed verification and randomized sampling, and through multiple rounds of iterative verification and conflict confidence range assessment, it significantly enhances the depth and reliability of collaborative design. By generating digital processing data and visualized production instructions from the second prefabricated BIM model, combined with the full-process application of unique identifiers, it optimizes the production and construction process, achieving efficient integration of design and manufacturing and visualized management of construction status. It establishes a complete data chain across the entire business process from design and production to construction, improving the overall quality, cost controllability, and delivery reliability of prefabricated building projects through standardized interface specifications, systematic quality control, and digital process management. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the basic steps of a prefabricated building design method based on BIM software, as provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0056] Example, refer to Figure 1 As an embodiment of the present invention, a prefabricated building design method based on BIM software is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0057] Step S1: Collect prefabricated building data, perform standardization analysis and constraint analysis, obtain analysis results, and perform modular processing on the analysis results to obtain the first prefabricated BIM model;

[0058] Step S2: Perform accuracy optimization and conflict detection on the first prefabricated BIM model to obtain the second prefabricated BIM model;

[0059] Step S3: Extract prefabricated components and corresponding manufacturing information from the second prefabricated BIM model, generate digital processing data and visualized production instructions, and push them to the production management system of the prefabricated component factory.

[0060] Step S4: Bind a unique identifier to the prefabricated component, and retrieve installation information and update project status by scanning the unique identifier.

[0061] This invention improves design efficiency and standardization by constructing a modular product library, enabling rapid combination and controllable dimensional changes of functional space units. It employs a conflict detection mechanism based on distributed verification and randomized sampling, significantly enhancing the depth and reliability of collaborative design through multiple rounds of iterative verification and conflict confidence range assessment. By generating digital processing data and visualized production instructions from the second prefabricated BIM model, combined with the full-process application of unique identifiers, it optimizes the production and construction process, achieving efficient integration of design and manufacturing and visualized management of construction status. It establishes a seamless data chain across the entire business process from design and production to construction, improving the overall quality, cost controllability, and delivery reliability of prefabricated building projects through standardized interface specifications, systematic quality control, and digital process management.

[0062] Prefabricated building data includes product design data, general building modules, process restrictions, and a list of size and weight limits.

[0063] Product design data includes spatial dimension data and product catalogs;

[0064] Spatial scale data includes plan dimensions, component dimensions, elevation dimensions, and grid dimensions;

[0065] Process constraints include a list of geometric constraints and a list of precision and pre-embedded constraints.

[0066] In a specific embodiment, the general building module is a pre-selected standard size unit that connects the various stages of design, manufacturing and construction through a unified and standardized reference size.

[0067] Standardization analysis includes frequency distribution statistics of spatial scales, identifying priority dimensions with a frequency higher than a preset threshold, filtering priority dimensions, obtaining standard dimensions through general building modules, and using the analysis results to create structural system component families and functional space unit families using BIM software. Based on physical interface specifications and data interface specifications, a modular product library is obtained. The functional space unit families include residential functional unit families, kitchen and bathroom functional unit families, and auxiliary functional unit families.

[0068] Constraint analysis includes obtaining the maximum external dimensions and maximum weight control values ​​of prefabricated components through linear programming based on the list of geometric constraints and the list of size and weight limits.

[0069] The analysis results include general building modules, preferred dimensions, standard dimensions, and maximum outline dimensions and maximum weight control values ​​for prefabricated components;

[0070] The physical interface specification standardizes the location of embedded parts and the type of connectors, while the data interface specification standardizes the shared identification code and information exchange format for structural system component families and functional space unit families.

[0071] In a specific embodiment, the information exchange format enables the information carried by the structural system component families and functional space unit families to be accurately identified and used by the subsequent factory production management system.

[0072] The initial analysis of prefabricated building data and the construction of a modular product library transform raw, discrete building data into a standardized, reusable, and practically constrained intelligent component library, laying a solid foundation for subsequent rapid design and production. The standardization analysis identifies the most frequently used priority dimensions in the project through frequency statistics and normalizes them into a few standard dimensions using general building modules, significantly reducing the number of component specifications. Based on this, structural system component families and functional space unit families created using BIM software ensure the digitization and parameterization of core building elements. Constraint analysis, through linear programming, comprehensively considers transportation and hoisting capabilities and production process limitations, calculating the maximum external dimensions and weight control values ​​of components, avoiding the risk of design schemes being unmanufacturable or unconstructable. This improves the design efficiency and quality of prefabricated buildings, ensuring the manufacturability and constructability of the design results.

[0073] Modular processing specifically includes:

[0074] A baseline grid is generated based on priority dimensions. The functional space unit family is treated as a whole and dragged and dropped to be laid out and assembled within the baseline grid. Key parameters are set in the functional space unit family so that they only change within a first range. The functional space unit family laid out and assembled with the baseline grid is then matched with the structural system component family to generate the first prefabricated BIM model.

[0075] Key parameters include plane length, plane width, and element height.

[0076] In a specific embodiment, the first range is the range obtained by setting the size parameter through the formula constraint of the family type parameter, which is greater than the minimum value of the size parameter and less than the maximum value of the size parameter.

[0077] Step S2 specifically includes:

[0078] Step S21: Use BIM software to optimize the accuracy of the first prefabricated BIM model to obtain the spatial geometric relationship of the reinforcement arrangement, anchorage length, embedded sleeve and connecting bolt, and the positioning information of the pipeline, reserved sleeve and embedded channel.

[0079] Step S22: Perform conflict detection on the first prefabricated BIM model and generate a conflict report;

[0080] Step S23: Based on the conflict report, modify the first prefabricated BIM model in the BIM software to obtain the second prefabricated BIM model.

[0081] In a specific embodiment, the first prefabricated BIM model is modified in step S23 to obtain the second prefabricated BIM model, and all modification records and model versions are uniformly managed by the BIM software.

[0082] Collision detection specifically includes:

[0083] The first prefabricated BIM model is divided into several logical verification areas. Each logical verification area is regarded as a verification node. The verification node includes the geometric information, attribute information and interface relationship with the corresponding professional component of the verification node. A collaborative status identifier is assigned to each node. The collaborative status identifier is used to store a 16-bit conflict code.

[0084] In a specific embodiment, the first prefabricated BIM model is divided into several logical verification areas according to the building professional system. The building professional system includes building system, structural system, mechanical system, electrical system, water supply and drainage system and intelligent system. The building system includes walls, floors, roof, doors and windows, stairs and decorative surface layer; the structural system includes beams, slabs, columns, foundations, shear walls and steel structure; the mechanical system includes heating, ventilation, air conditioning, smoke exhaust ducts and equipment; the electrical system includes power distribution, lighting, emergency power supply and cable trays; the water supply and drainage system includes domestic cold water, hot water, drainage pipes, sanitary ware and fire sprinkler pipes; and the intelligent system includes integrated cabling, network, security and building automation.

[0085] In each round of testing, a verification node is selected as the leading verification node for this round. The leading verification node reads the corresponding collaborative status identifier. If the collaborative status identifier has recorded historical conflict codes, the historical conflict codes are used as the generation logic for local verification instructions. If no record is found, the leading verification node generates local verification instructions based on the corresponding collaborative status identifier. The local verification instructions perform local 3D spatial scanning and rule verification based on the leading verification node and the adjacent interface area corresponding to the leading verification node to obtain rule verification results. Each verification node performs a local state operation based on the local verification instructions and internal status to generate local verification results and submit them to the BIM software. The local verification results are encoded to obtain a standardized data block that is independent of the leading verification node. The leading verification node collects all local verification results submitted to the BIM software and calculates the potential conflict indication value of the local verification results through aggregation functions.

[0086] The leading validator node performs consistency determination and iteration based on the potential conflict indicator value through a decision algorithm. Based on the results of multiple rounds of verification, it generates a conflict report, which includes the conflict type, conflict location, and conflict confidence range.

[0087] In a specific embodiment, the decision-making algorithm includes a voting mechanism, threshold determination, iteration control, and frequency calculation. The system is detecting a potential conflict between a ventilation duct and a structural beam. The system has four verification nodes. The deterministic conflict threshold is set at 75%, meaning at least three out of four votes must support a conflict. The no-conflict threshold is 25%, meaning at most one vote supports a conflict. The maximum number of iterations is three rounds. In the first round, node 1 is randomly selected as the leading verifier. The voting results collected are: nodes 1 and 3 report a conflict, while nodes 2 and 4 report no conflict. The potential conflict indication value is calculated to be 50% (2 / 4), which is between 25% and 75%. The threshold is determined to be for further verification. The iteration control record shows that the first round did not exceed the limit, so a new round of verification is started. In the second round, node 3 is randomly selected as the leading verifier. The new round's voting results are: nodes 1, 3, and 4 report a conflict, while only node 2 reports no conflict. The voting mechanism calculates that the support rate rises to 75% (3 / 4), exactly reaching the deterministic conflict threshold. Therefore, it is determined to be a deterministic conflict, and the iteration is immediately terminated. At this point, the frequency calculator shows that the conflict was independently confirmed in two out of three rounds of verification (the first and second rounds). The conflict confidence range is calculated to be 66.7% (2 / 3). Finally, the system outputs a conflict report, indicating the conflict type, location, and a 66.7% confidence level.

[0088] Consistency determination includes no conflict, deterministic conflict, and further verification;

[0089] If the test is determined to be conflict-free, then the test is confirmed to have passed and the main test cycle is over.

[0090] If the conflict is determined to be a deterministic conflict, the conflict location is locked, a new layer of conflict coding is generated, and the deterministic conflict coding is added to the cooperative state identifier of the current node.

[0091] If further verification is required, a new round of randomized verification is initiated, and iterative calculations are performed until a deterministic conflict determination, a conflict-free determination, or the preset maximum number of iterations is reached.

[0092] The conflict confidence range is calculated based on the quotient of the number of times the conflict has been independently confirmed by different rounds and different leading validators, and the total number of times in the current round.

[0093] Generating conflict codes specifically includes:

[0094] The logical verification area corresponding to the dominant verifier node is mapped to a location identifier field using spatial grid coding. The rule verification field is obtained through the rule verification results. Based on all collected local verification results, potential conflict indication values, rule verification results, and a preset conflict type lookup table, a conflict type field is generated. The conflict type field, location identifier field, and rule verification field are then concatenated in sequence to generate a 16-bit conflict code.

[0095] In a specific embodiment, the preset conflict type lookup table includes geometric space conflicts, logical rule conflicts, and data information conflicts. Geometric space conflicts include hard collisions, soft collisions, and 4D temporal conflicts; logical rule conflicts include design specification conflicts, interface matching conflicts, construction sequence conflicts, and maintainability conflicts; and data information conflicts include attribute missing conflicts and attribute inconsistency conflicts.

[0096] Rule verification includes interface matching verification, spatial compliance verification, structural rationality verification, and pipeline path connectivity pre-verification;

[0097] Interface matching verification checks whether there are conflicts between the physical boundaries of adjacent functional space unit families and whether the reserved interfaces are aligned.

[0098] Space compliance verification involves checking whether the net height and area of ​​all rooms meet design specifications and ergonomic requirements.

[0099] The structural rationality verification involves checking whether the layout of the functional space unit family is aligned with the underlying structural grid and whether there are any overhangs exceeding the limits.

[0100] The pipeline path connectivity pre-verification checks whether the vertical shafts of the vertically aligned functional space unit families are connected.

[0101] The following conditions are coded as follows: no physical boundary conflict, aligned reserved interfaces, all room heights and areas meet design specifications and ergonomic requirements, layout aligned with the underlying structural grid, no overhangs exceeding limits, and no vertical shafts connected. The following conditions are coded as follows: physical boundary conflict, misaligned reserved interfaces, all room heights and areas do not meet design specifications and ergonomic requirements, layout misaligned with the underlying structural grid, overhangs exceeding limits, and vertical shafts not connected. A 6-bit code is obtained.

[0102] In a specific embodiment, interface matching verification ensures accurate physical connections between prefabricated modules, spatial compliance verification ensures that building functions meet legal standards and human needs, structural rationality verification verifies the stability and feasibility of the layout from a mechanical perspective, and pipeline path connectivity pre-verification ensures the continuity of equipment systems in advance. Finally, the results of these four key verifications are converted into a unified 6-bit binary code, providing a standardized and measurable basis for subsequent conflict detection algorithms, thereby realizing the transformation from human experience-based judgment to machine intelligent diagnosis and improving the efficiency and comprehensiveness of design review.

[0103] Step S3 specifically includes:

[0104] Step S31: Extract the manufacturing information of each prefabricated component from the second prefabricated BIM model. The manufacturing information includes geometric dimensions, bill of materials, steel bar type, layout diagram and embedded part type.

[0105] Step S32: The manufacturing information is converted into a data format that can be recognized by a specific CNC device through a post-processor to obtain digital machining data;

[0106] Step S33: Based on the digital processing data, generate a visual production instruction corresponding to each component through an NLP model. The visual production instruction includes a 3D schematic diagram of the component, a positioning diagram of the embedded parts, and specific process requirements.

[0107] Step S34: The digital processing data and the visual production instruction file package are pushed to the production management system of the precast component factory through BIM software.

[0108] In a specific embodiment, complete manufacturing information for each prefabricated component is extracted. This structured data is then converted into digital processing codes that production equipment can directly recognize and execute, achieving seamless integration from design data to production instructions. Furthermore, an NLP model is used to intelligently analyze the processing data, generating visualized production instructions that transform abstract processing parameters into guidance documents that are easy for frontline workers to understand and operate. Finally, BIM software pushes all data packages to the factory production management system, thereby constructing a data closed loop from the design end to the production end. This effectively avoids errors in manual drawing interpretation and information transmission distortion in the traditional model, significantly improving the accuracy, automation level, and overall efficiency of component production.

[0109] Step S4 specifically includes:

[0110] Step S41: In the second prefabricated BIM model, generate a unique identifier for each prefabricated component instance and bind the unique identifier to all information of the component in the second prefabricated BIM model.

[0111] Step S42: Attach the unique identifier to the corresponding physical component during the factory production process, and complete the association record between the physical component and the unique identifier in the production management system.

[0112] Step S43: During the construction hoisting phase, the installation information of the components is retrieved and displayed in real time from the BIM software by scanning the unique identification code with a mobile terminal.

[0113] Step S44: After the component is installed in place, the mobile terminal scans the identification code to confirm the installation is complete, and the installation status information is sent back to the BIM software. The BIM software then updates the installation status information of the component.

[0114] In a specific embodiment, a unique identifier is generated for each component instance and information is bound in the BIM model to establish a correspondence between the physical component and the digital model. During the production phase, the identifier is materialized and attached to the surface of the component, realizing the transfer of identity from the digital model to the physical world. During the construction phase, key information such as installation positioning and process requirements are retrieved in real time by scanning the identifier with a mobile terminal, ensuring the accurate execution of hoisting operations. Finally, the on-site progress is transmitted back to the BIM model in real time by scanning the identifier to confirm the installation completion status, realizing the visual tracking of component status and the dynamic updating of project progress.

[0115] This invention integrates design, production, and construction processes using BIM technology. Based on standardization and constraint analysis, a modular product library is constructed, and a drag-and-drop layout is used to quickly generate an initial BIM model. Subsequently, a distributed verification mechanism is used for multiple rounds of conflict detection, combined with a voting mechanism and decision-making algorithms to accurately locate problems. Next, manufacturing information is automatically extracted from the optimized model, converted into CNC machining data, and visualized production instructions are generated to directly drive factory production. Finally, by binding a unique identifier to each component, closed-loop on-site management is achieved, from hoisting guidance to progress updates, improving the overall quality, cost controllability, and delivery reliability of prefabricated building projects.

[0116] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media containing computer-usable program code. The storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Red-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The functions specified in one or more boxes. It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated building design method based on BIM software, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Collect prefabricated building data, perform standardization analysis and constraint analysis, obtain analysis results, and perform modular processing on the analysis results to obtain the first prefabricated BIM model; Step S2: Perform accuracy optimization and conflict detection on the first prefabricated BIM model to obtain the second prefabricated BIM model; Collision detection specifically includes: The first prefabricated BIM model is divided into several logical verification areas. Each logical verification area is regarded as a verification node. The verification node includes the geometric information, attribute information and interface relationship with the corresponding professional component of the verification node. A collaborative status identifier is assigned to each node. The collaborative status identifier is used to store a 16-bit conflict code. In each round of testing, a verification node is selected as the leading verification node for this round. The leading verification node reads the corresponding collaborative status identifier. If the collaborative status identifier has recorded historical conflict codes, the historical conflict codes are used as the generation logic for local verification instructions. If no records are recorded, the leading verification node generates local verification instructions based on the corresponding collaborative status identifier. The local verification instructions perform local 3D spatial scanning and rule verification based on the leading verification node and the adjacent interface area corresponding to the leading verification node to obtain rule verification results. Each verification node performs a local state operation based on the local verification instructions and internal status to generate local verification results and submit them to the BIM software. The local verification results are encoded to obtain a standardized data block that is independent of the leading verification node. The leading verification node collects all local verification results submitted to the BIM software and calculates the potential conflict indication value of the local verification results through aggregation functions. Based on the potential conflict indication value, the leading validator node performs consistency determination and iteration through a decision algorithm, and generates a conflict report based on the results of multiple rounds of verification. The conflict report includes the conflict type, conflict location, and conflict confidence range. The consistency determination includes no conflict, deterministic conflict, and further verification; If the test is determined to be conflict-free, then the test is confirmed to have passed and the main test cycle is over. If a deterministic conflict is determined, the conflict location is locked, a new layer of conflict encoding is generated, and the deterministic conflict encoding is added to the cooperative state identifier of the current node. If further verification is required, a new round of randomized verification is initiated, and iterative calculations are performed until a deterministic conflict determination, a conflict-free determination, or the preset maximum number of iterations is reached. The conflict confidence range is calculated based on the quotient of the number of times the conflict is independently confirmed by different rounds and different leading validators and the total number in the current round. Generating conflict codes specifically includes: The logical verification region corresponding to the dominant verifier node is mapped to a location identifier field using spatial grid coding. The rule verification field is obtained through the rule verification results. Based on all collected local verification results, potential conflict indication values, rule verification results, and a preset conflict type lookup table, a conflict type field is generated. The conflict type field, the location identifier field, and the rule verification field are concatenated in sequence to generate a 16-bit conflict code. Step S3: Extract prefabricated components and corresponding manufacturing information from the second prefabricated BIM model, generate digital processing data and visualized production instructions, and push them to the production management system of the prefabricated component factory. Step S4: Bind a unique identifier to the prefabricated component, and retrieve installation information and update project status by scanning the unique identifier.

2. The prefabricated building design method based on BIM software as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The prefabricated building data includes product design data, general building modules, process restrictions, and a list of size and weight limits. The product design data includes spatial dimension data and product catalog; The spatial scale data includes plan dimensions, component dimensions, elevation dimensions, and grid dimensions; The process constraints include a list of geometric constraints and a list of precision and pre-embedded constraints.

3. The prefabricated building design method based on BIM software as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The standardization analysis includes performing frequency distribution statistics on the spatial scale, identifying priority dimensions with a frequency higher than a preset threshold, filtering the priority dimensions, obtaining standard dimensions through a general building module, and using the analysis results to create structural system component families and functional space unit families using BIM software, and obtaining a modular product library based on physical interface specifications and data interface specifications. The functional space unit families include residential functional unit families, kitchen and bathroom functional unit families, and auxiliary functional unit families. The constraint analysis includes obtaining the maximum outer dimensions and maximum weight control values ​​of the prefabricated components through linear programming based on the geometric constraint list and the size and weight limit list. The analysis results include general building modules, preferred dimensions, standard dimensions, and maximum outline dimensions and maximum weight control values ​​for prefabricated components; The physical interface specification standardizes the location of embedded parts and the type of connectors, while the data interface specification is the shared identification code and information exchange format for structural system component families and functional space unit families.

4. The prefabricated building design method based on BIM software as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The modular processing specifically includes: A reference grid is generated based on the preferred dimensions. The functional space unit family is treated as a whole object and dragged and dropped to be laid out and assembled within the reference grid. Key parameters are set in the functional space unit family so that the key parameters only change within a first range. The functional space unit family laid out and assembled with the reference grid is respectively matched with the structural system component family to generate a first prefabricated BIM model. The key parameters include plane length, plane width, and unit height.

5. The prefabricated building design method based on BIM software as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes: Step S21: Use BIM software to optimize the accuracy of the first prefabricated BIM model to obtain the spatial geometric relationship of the steel bar arrangement, anchorage length, embedded sleeve and connecting bolt, and the positioning information of the pipeline, reserved sleeve and embedded channel. Step S22: Perform conflict detection on the first prefabricated BIM model and generate a conflict report; Step S23: Based on the conflict report, modify the first prefabricated BIM model in the BIM software to obtain the second prefabricated BIM model.

6. The prefabricated building design method based on BIM software as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The rule verification includes interface matching verification, spatial compliance verification, structural rationality verification, and pipeline path connectivity pre-verification; The interface matching verification is to check whether there is a conflict between the physical boundaries of adjacent functional space unit families and whether the reserved interfaces are aligned. The space compliance verification involves checking whether the net height and area of ​​all rooms meet the design specifications and ergonomic requirements. The structural rationality verification involves checking whether the layout of the functional space unit family is aligned with the underlying structural grid and whether there are any overhangs exceeding the limits. The pipeline path connectivity pre-verification is to check whether the vertical shafts of the vertically aligned functional space unit families are connected. The following conditions are coded as follows: no physical boundary conflict, aligned reserved interfaces, all room heights and areas meet design specifications and ergonomic requirements, layout aligned with the underlying structural grid, no overhangs exceeding limits, and no vertical shafts connected. The following conditions are coded as follows: physical boundary conflict, misaligned reserved interfaces, all room heights and areas do not meet design specifications and ergonomic requirements, layout misaligned with the underlying structural grid, overhangs exceeding limits, and vertical shafts not connected. A 6-bit code is obtained.

7. The prefabricated building design method based on BIM software as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically includes: Step S31: Extract each prefabricated component and its corresponding manufacturing information from the second prefabricated BIM model. The manufacturing information includes geometric dimensions, bill of materials, steel bar type, layout diagram, and embedded part type. Step S32: The manufacturing information is converted into a data format that can be recognized by a specific CNC device through a post-processor to obtain digital processing data; Step S33: Based on the digital processing data, generate a visual production instruction corresponding to each component using an NLP model. The visual production instruction includes a 3D schematic diagram of the component, a positioning diagram of the embedded parts, and specific process requirements. Step S34: The digital processing data and the visual production instruction file package are pushed to the production management system of the precast component factory through BIM software.

8. The prefabricated building design method based on BIM software as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Step S4 specifically includes: Step S41: In the second prefabricated BIM model, a unique identifier is generated for each prefabricated component instance, and the unique identifier is bound to all information of the component in the second prefabricated BIM model. Step S42: Attach the unique identifier to the corresponding physical component during the factory production process, and complete the association record between the physical component and the unique identifier in the production management system. Step S43: During the construction hoisting phase, the installation information of the components is retrieved and displayed in real time from the BIM software by scanning the unique identification code with a mobile terminal. Step S44: After the component is installed in place, the mobile terminal scans the identification code to confirm the installation is complete, and the installation status information is sent back to the BIM software. The BIM software then updates the installation status information of the component.

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