Multi-plane intelligent computing center optical interconnection architecture based on multi-wavelength tunable emitter and communication method
By combining multi-wavelength tunable transmitters with modular arrayed waveguide gratings in a multi-plane network design, the problems of high energy consumption, low transmission rate and long reconfiguration time in traditional optical interconnect architectures of intelligent computing centers are solved. This results in a low-energy, low-latency and flexible bandwidth optical interconnect system, which improves the network performance of intelligent computing centers.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANGHAI JIAOTONG UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-01
AI Technical Summary
Traditional optical interconnect architectures in intelligent computing centers are inadequate in terms of energy consumption, transmission rate, reconfiguration time, and link capacity, making them difficult to adapt to the complex and dynamic communication characteristics of intelligent computing centers.
By combining multi-wavelength tunable transmitters with modular arrayed waveguide gratings, a multi-plane network is constructed to realize a large-scale optical interconnect system with low power consumption, low latency, and flexible bandwidth allocation. The link capacity and fan-out capability can be dynamically adjusted by combining multi-wavelength tunable transmitters with arrayed waveguide gratings.
It achieves low energy consumption, low reconfiguration latency, and efficient data transmission, and can cope with the burstiness and skewness of traffic in intelligent computing centers, supporting the interconnection of tens of thousands of nodes and improving network performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN121966733A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent computing center networks and optical communication technology, specifically to a multi-plane intelligent computing center optical interconnect architecture based on a multi-wavelength tunable transmitter. Background Technology
[0002] In recent years, advancements in data-intensive science and breakthroughs in large language models have prompted governments and major internet companies to invest heavily in the construction of large-scale, high-performance intelligent computing centers to drive the development of the "AI+" digital economy. However, the growth rate of computing power in these centers far exceeds the growth rate of interconnect bandwidth. Simultaneously, the number of parameters in large language models and the data volume generated by AI-related industries such as autonomous driving and smart healthcare are surging. Furthermore, the alternation of computation and communication during large model training, as well as the structured communication between graphics processing units (GPUs) generated by operators using different parallel strategies, results in temporal bursts and spatial skew in the traffic flow within intelligent computing centers.
[0003] Traditional intelligent computing centers, centered on electrical packet switching networks, suffer from high energy consumption and limited transmission rates during data transmission. Optical circuit switching (OSS), with its high bandwidth and low power consumption, is considered a crucial direction for next-generation intelligent computing center interconnects. However, existing OSS-based interconnect architectures still have several shortcomings: First, reconfiguration times are long (typically milliseconds), making it difficult to adapt to dynamically changing traffic patterns; second, link capacities are fixed and homogeneous, unable to flexibly handle sudden traffic surges and spatially skewed communication loads; third, during large-scale expansion, traditional large-port arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) are susceptible to crosstalk, leading to signal quality degradation and limited scalability.
[0004] To overcome these problems, existing research has attempted to introduce the multi-plane network design concept into optical interconnect architectures, logically decomposing high-speed ports into multiple low-speed ports to improve resource utilization. However, current solutions mostly employ single-wavelength tunable transmitters with fixed-structure AWGs, which still struggle to achieve fine-grained bandwidth adjustment and multi-target parallel transmission, and offer limited improvements in energy efficiency and reconfiguration latency.
[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of optical interconnect architecture that can achieve low-latency reconfiguration, flexible and variable link capacity, high fan-out capability, and ultra-large-scale node interconnection while maintaining low power consumption, so as to better match the complex and dynamic communication characteristics in intelligent computing centers. Summary of the Invention
[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of the existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-plane optical interconnect architecture for intelligent computing centers based on multi-wavelength integrated tunable transmitters (MWITT), aiming to build a reconfigurable, energy-efficient, low-latency, and flexible bandwidth allocation-supporting large-scale optical interconnect system. This solution deeply integrates multi-wavelength integrated tunable transmitters with modular arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) interconnect structures and introduces a multi-plane network, achieving low power consumption, low reconfiguration latency, large-scale interconnection, and variable link capabilities to improve the network performance of intelligent computing centers.
[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A multi-plane intelligent computing center optical interconnect architecture based on a multi-wavelength tunable transmitter, characterized by including: The optical switching plane is composed of indivual It is composed of arrayed waveguide grating units, each of which is a passive optical switching device with... One input port and One output port; Communication node array, including There are 1 communication node, and each communication node contains 1 communication node. Each optical transmission module and Each optical receiving module includes an optical transmitting module comprising a multi-wavelength tunable transmitter capable of simultaneously generating and independently tuning. Optical signals of different wavelengths, and their wavelength tuning range covers an integer NF free spectral regions of the arrayed waveguide grating units to which they are connected, and NF≤ ≤ Each of the optical receiver modules includes a demultiplexer and One corresponding fixed-wavelength receiver; The The arrayed waveguide gratings are interconnected in a modular manner to form a physical switching matrix; the first of the communication nodes The output of the first optical transmitting module is connected via optical fiber to all the second... The corresponding input ports of the arrayed waveguide grating; the first of the communication nodes The input of the receiving module is connected to all the receiving modules via optical fiber. The corresponding output ports of the row array waveguide grating unit; By controlling the wavelength emitted by the multi-wavelength tunable transmitter and utilizing the cyclic wavelength routing characteristics of the arrayed waveguide grating unit, an optical communication link with variable capacity can be dynamically established between any pair of source communication nodes and destination communication nodes.
[0008] Furthermore, the multi-wavelength tunable transmitter includes multiple monolithically integrated or hybrid integrated tunable lasers, each of which can be independently controlled to tune to a specific wavelength within the wavelength tuning range and directly modulate the signal.
[0009] Further, it is divided into Each of the following is a logically independent switching subnet, and each switching subnet consists of an arrayed waveguide grating unit A( b) and its connection Each optical transmission module P(i, b) and The system consists of several optical receiving modules Q(j, a), where i and j are the indices of the source node and the destination node in their respective node groups, and parallel data transmission between subnets is achieved through wavelength and spatial multiplexing.
[0010] Furthermore, within any switching subnet, a source communication node can simultaneously transmit up to [number] wavelengths through a multi-wavelength tunable transmitter in one of its optical transmission modules. Optical signals of different wavelengths are connected in parallel to up to [number] other optical signals via the same arrayed waveguide grating unit. It enables one-to-many fan-out communication by having multiple different destination communication nodes.
[0011] Second, the present invention also provides a communication method using the above-mentioned multi-plane intelligent computing center optical interconnect architecture based on a multi-wavelength tunable transmitter, characterized in that it includes: Receive communication requests and determine the source and destination communication nodes; The target switching subnet and the optical transmitting and receiving modules to be used are determined based on the node address; Based on the required link bandwidth, determine the number of wavelengths to be allocated and the specific wavelength values; Control the multi-wavelength tunable transmitter in the optical transmission module to generate and transmit the determined number and wavelength of optical signals; The optical signal enters the arrayed waveguide grating unit in the target switching subnet via an optical fiber, and is routed to a specific output port of the optical receiving module connected to the target communication node according to the cyclic routing characteristics of the arrayed waveguide grating unit. The optical receiving module receives and demultiplexes the optical signal to complete data transmission.
[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a dynamic bandwidth adjustment step: Monitor network traffic status or respond to bandwidth change requests; By dynamically increasing or decreasing the number of active wavelengths allocated to a specific communication link by the multi-wavelength tunable transmitter, the effective transmission bandwidth of the link can be adjusted in real time, and this adjustment process does not affect the normal communication of other established links.
[0013] Third, the present invention also provides an intelligent computing center, characterized in that it includes multiple computing nodes and a multi-plane intelligent computing center optical interconnect architecture based on a multi-wavelength tunable transmitter as described in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the computing nodes are connected to the multi-plane intelligent computing center optical interconnect architecture as communication nodes, providing a dynamically reconfigurable optical transmission channel for data communication between the computing nodes.
[0014] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) It can achieve variable link capacity and flexible fan-out capability. Compared with the existing optical intelligent computing centers with fixed and homogeneous link capacity and fan-out capability, this capability can effectively cope with the burstiness and skewness of traffic in the intelligent computing center.
[0015] (2) Based on the fact that the core of the switching is an arrayed waveguide grating, which is a passive optical device with no energy consumption, the energy consumption generated by the intelligent computing center can be greatly reduced compared with the intelligent computing center architecture that uses active switching as the core of the switching.
[0016] (3) It can achieve interconnection of tens of thousands of scales, and can provide infrastructure for training large language models with large parameters.
[0017] (4) The reconstruction latency is in the nanosecond range, which is much lower than the millisecond-level reconstruction latency of most existing optical intelligent computing centers. Low reconstruction latency can effectively improve the throughput of intelligent computing centers. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the optical interconnect architecture of a multi-plane intelligent computing center based on a multi-wavelength tunable transmitter, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0019] In the diagram: 101 - the optical transmission module group of a communication node, representing the set of all transmission modules of a communication node (such as a GPU server); 102 - Communication Node Receiver Module Group, representing the set of all receiver modules of a communication node (such as a GPU server). Detailed Implementation
[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but these should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that these embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or improvements under the guidance of the spirit of the present invention, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0021] This embodiment provides an optical interconnect architecture based on a multi-wavelength tunable transmitter for use in intelligent computing centers, comprising the following components: (1) Interconnection structure of multi-wavelength tunable transmitter and modular arrayed waveguide grating. The multi-wavelength tunable transmitter includes multiple tunable direct-modulation distributed feedback lasers, enabling simultaneous emission of multiple tunable wavelengths. Arrayed waveguide gratings are a common passive optical device in fiber optic communication, achieving non-blocking switching through cyclic wavelength routing characteristics. The modular arrayed waveguide grating interconnection structure uses... indivual Replace one small-port arrayed waveguide grating Large-port arrayed waveguide grating This enables large-scale interconnection of tens of thousands of nodes while effectively addressing the degradation of communication quality caused by crosstalk generated by large-port array waveguide gratings.
[0022] (2) This invention applies the concept of multi-plane network design to the optical interconnect architecture of intelligent computing centers. Multi-plane network design logically decomposes a high-speed network interface card (NIC) port on a communication node into multiple low-speed NIC ports. This concept is widely used in intelligent computing center networks with electrical switching as the core. In existing optical interconnect intelligent computing center network architectures using arrayed waveguide gratings and tunable switches, a communication node typically uses a high-speed single-wavelength tunable transmitter connected to an arrayed waveguide grating. This invention uses a multi-wavelength tunable transmitter (containing multiple low-speed tunable lasers) to replace a high-speed single-wavelength tunable transmitter connected to an arrayed waveguide grating.
[0023] Example: Reference Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides an optical interconnect system for use in intelligent computing centers, including a communication node array, an optical switching plane, and a control system (not shown in the figure). The following is a detailed description of each component.
[0024] 1. Optical switching plane Depend on indivual Arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) are interconnected in a modular network. The upper rectangle (101) represents the sending end of the communication node, and the lower rectangle (102) represents its receiving end.
[0025] (like Figure 1 A(1,1) to A(n,n) is a passive device with r input ports and r output ports. Its periodic wavelength routing characteristics are the basis for the deterministic optical path of this system.
[0026] 2. Communication node array: Each communication node Equipped with Each optical transmission module, namely and Each optical receiver module, namely Each optical transmission module contains a multi-wavelength tunable transmitter (MWITT), and the parameter settings (number of tunable lasers and tuning range) of each MWITT are identical. One MWITT contains... The tuning range is A tunable laser whose tuning range is an integer part of the main free spectral region of AWG. times ( ).
[0027] Each optical receiver module contains One wavelength receiver and one demultiplexer (DeMux). One source node. To a destination node When transmitting data, you can choose to Wavelength , Any wavelength in, and following the optical path as follows: .
[0028] Because the optical paths in different AWGs are isolated from each other, one Large networks can be divided into An independent Subnets, and each subnet can achieve autonomous traffic transmission. Figure 1 One of the subnets From an AWG , One optical transmission module ( ) and r receiving modules ( It consists of ) .
[0029] The architecture proposed in this invention combines the simultaneous multi-wavelength tunability of a multi-wavelength tunable transmitter with the cyclic routing characteristics of an arrayed waveguide grating to achieve variable link capacity and flexible fan-out capability. Variable link capacity means that the transmission link capacity between any pair of communication nodes can be dynamically adjusted. The smallest granularity of transmission link capacity adjustment is... The range is 0. ,in This refers to the transmission bandwidth of a single wavelength. Flexible fan-out capability refers to the ability of a source communication node to simultaneously transmit traffic to any number of destination communication nodes within a single subnet, ranging from 0 to... Adjustments are made within the specified range. Since each MWITT can transmit at most simultaneously... Each wavelength can receive up to [number] wavelengths simultaneously, and each receiving module can receive up to [number] wavelengths simultaneously. If there are multiple wavelengths, then when a source communication node establishes connections with more destination communication nodes within a single subnet, the link capacity allocated to each destination communication node will decrease accordingly.
[0030] Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.
Claims
1. A multi-planar intelligent computing center optical interconnect architecture based on a multi-wavelength tunable transmitter, characterized in that, include: The optical switching plane is composed of indivual It is composed of arrayed waveguide grating units, each of which is a passive optical switching device with... One input port and One output port; Communication node array, including There are 1 communication node, and each communication node contains 1 communication node. Each optical transmission module and Each optical receiving module includes an optical transmitting module comprising a multi-wavelength tunable transmitter capable of simultaneously generating and independently tuning. Optical signals of different wavelengths, and their wavelength tuning range covers an integer NF free spectral regions of the arrayed waveguide grating units to which they are connected, and NF≤ ≤ Each of the optical receiver modules includes a demultiplexer and One corresponding fixed-wavelength receiver; The The arrayed waveguide gratings are interconnected in a modular manner to form a physical switching matrix; the first of the communication nodes The output of the first optical transmitting module is connected via optical fiber to all the second... The corresponding input ports of the arrayed waveguide grating; the first of the communication nodes The input of the receiving module is connected to all the receiving modules via optical fiber. The corresponding output ports of the row array waveguide grating unit; By controlling the wavelength emitted by the multi-wavelength tunable transmitter and utilizing the cyclic wavelength routing characteristics of the arrayed waveguide grating unit, an optical communication link with variable capacity can be dynamically established between any pair of source communication nodes and destination communication nodes.
2. The multi-plane intelligent computing center optical interconnect architecture based on a multi-wavelength tunable transmitter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-wavelength tunable transmitter includes multiple monolithically integrated or hybrid integrated tunable lasers, each of which can be independently controlled to tune to a specific wavelength within the wavelength tuning range and directly modulate the signal.
3. The multi-plane intelligent computing center optical interconnect architecture based on a multi-wavelength tunable transmitter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Divided into Each of the following is a logically independent switching subnet, and each switching subnet consists of an arrayed waveguide grating unit A( b) and its connection Each optical transmission module P(i, b) and The system consists of several optical receiving modules Q(j, a), where i and j are the indices of the source node and the destination node in their respective node groups, and parallel data transmission between subnets is achieved through wavelength and spatial multiplexing.
4. The multi-plane intelligent computing center optical interconnect architecture based on a multi-wavelength tunable transmitter according to claim 3, characterized in that, Within any switching subnet, a source communication node can simultaneously transmit up to [number] wavelengths via a multi-wavelength tunable transmitter in one of its optical transmission modules. Optical signals of different wavelengths are connected in parallel to up to [number] other optical signals via the same arrayed waveguide grating unit. It enables one-to-many fan-out communication by having multiple different destination communication nodes.
5. A communication method for a multi-plane intelligent computing center optical interconnect architecture based on a multi-wavelength tunable transmitter as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: Receive communication requests and determine the source and destination communication nodes; The target switching subnet and the optical transmitting and receiving modules to be used are determined based on the node address; Based on the required link bandwidth, determine the number of wavelengths to be allocated and the specific wavelength values; Control the multi-wavelength tunable transmitter in the optical transmission module to generate and transmit the determined number and wavelength of optical signals; The optical signal enters the arrayed waveguide grating unit in the target switching subnet via an optical fiber, and is routed to a specific output port of the optical receiving module connected to the target communication node according to the cyclic routing characteristics of the arrayed waveguide grating unit. The optical receiving module receives and demultiplexes the optical signal to complete data transmission.
6. The communication method according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a dynamic bandwidth adjustment step: Monitor network traffic status or respond to bandwidth change requests; By dynamically increasing or decreasing the number of active wavelengths allocated to a specific communication link by the multi-wavelength tunable transmitter, the effective transmission bandwidth of the link can be adjusted in real time, and this adjustment process does not affect the normal communication of other established links.
7. A smart computing center, characterized in that, The system includes multiple computing nodes and a multi-plane intelligent computing center optical interconnect architecture based on a multi-wavelength tunable transmitter as described in any one of claims 1-5. The computing nodes are connected to the multi-plane intelligent computing center optical interconnect architecture as communication nodes, providing a dynamically reconfigurable optical transmission channel for data communication between the computing nodes.