Multi-level partition industrial ring network management method and system for smart mine

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-level partition industrial ring network management method and system for a smart mine, and relates to the technical field of mine communication, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining physical topology information, terminal equipment information and mine service flow; performing hierarchical and zoning processing on the mine network to obtain mine network hierarchies and mine network regions; constructing a mine network service portrait by using the terminal equipment information; carrying out transmission path preset planning on the mine service flow to determine a primary link and a primary transmission resource; constructing an underground network layered looped network structure, and configuring link redundancy to obtain a standby link and a standby transmission resource; generating a mine self-maintenance topological graph through the transmission characteristics of the mine service flow; determining a standby link and completing switching of mine service flows to obtain a service transmission path and a transmission resource allocation result; and determining a mine communication strategy based on the service transmission path and the transmission resource allocation result. According to the invention, the transmission stability of the mine communication system under complex working conditions can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology in metal and non-metal mines, and in particular to a multi-level zoned industrial ring network management method and system for smart mines. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new-generation information technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and the Internet of Things, the construction of smart mines has become an important direction for achieving efficient, safe, and green mining in the metal and non-metal mining industry. In building a smart mine system, an efficient, reliable, and real-time network communication system is the foundation and core guarantee for realizing intelligent, automated, and refined management of the metal and non-metal mining production process. In particular, underground phosphate mines typically have characteristics such as large mining depths, complex roadways, high dust concentrations, and high humidity. These unique underground environments place higher demands on the stability, business continuity, and real-time determinism of communication systems, directly impacting mine safety, resource utilization efficiency, and economic benefits.

[0003] Currently, the communication system in underground phosphate mines is mainly built on a surface-to-underground architecture: the surface uses a "core-aggregation-access" model for the campus network, integrating various devices such as office equipment, surface monitoring equipment, access control systems, and gate barriers; underground, fiber optic cables are laid through the main and auxiliary adits, with switches deployed along the lines to form a serial backbone loop. Terminal devices such as cameras and environmental monitoring substations are connected to the backbone loop node switches in a traditional tree structure. Due to the complex working environment in phosphate mines, the types and number of terminal devices continue to increase. Later additions of equipment (such as underground Wi-Fi) often require the construction of independent networks to achieve coverage due to insufficient existing network interfaces and performance reserves, resulting in multiple serial network structures. In this serial network architecture, traffic converges step-by-step within the loop, and switching equipment near upstream nodes needs to simultaneously handle data forwarding tasks from multiple regional terminals, operating under high load for extended periods. When high-bandwidth services such as video surveillance and environmental monitoring are concentrated in the network, it can easily create a bottleneck in forwarding performance, leading to increased network latency and jitter. This affects the stability and reliability of communication transmission in phosphate mines and limits the overall transmission stability of the smart mine system.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a multi-level zoned industrial ring network management method and system for smart mines to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a multi-level zoned industrial ring network management method and system for smart mines, which improves the transmission stability of mine communication systems under complex working conditions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions: Firstly, a multi-level zoned industrial ring network management method for smart mines is provided, the method comprising: Acquire physical topology information, terminal equipment information, and mine service flows in the mine communication network; By combining the physical topology information and terminal equipment information in the mine communication network, the mine network is processed into hierarchical and partitioned structures to obtain the mine network hierarchy and mine network regions. Based on the mine network hierarchy and mine network area, a mine network service profile is constructed using terminal equipment information; Based on the business profile of the mining network, the transmission path of the mining business flow is pre-planned, and the primary links and primary transmission resources are determined. A hierarchical ring network structure for the underground network is constructed by combining the primary link and primary transmission resources, and backup links and backup transmission resources are obtained by configuring link redundancy through the hierarchical ring network structure for the underground network. The transmission characteristics of the primary and backup links in both open-loop and closed-loop states are measured through the mine's business flow, and a mine self-maintenance topology map is generated based on the measurement results. By triggering link self-healing processing through the mine's self-maintained topology map, backup links are determined and the switching of mine business flows is completed, resulting in the business transmission path and transmission resource allocation results after the switch. The mine communication strategy is determined based on the service transmission path and transmission resource allocation results after the switch.

[0007] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the step of combining physical topology information and terminal equipment information in the mine communication network to perform hierarchical and partitioning processing on the mine network to obtain mine network hierarchy and mine network regions includes: The spatial location relationship, link connection relationship and vertical communication structure of the mine communication nodes are obtained through physical topology information, wherein the vertical communication structure includes the surface communication structure and the underground communication structure; Obtain the business function attributes and terminal device type corresponding to each terminal device through terminal device information; Based on the spatial location relationship of the mine communication nodes, surface communication nodes and underground communication nodes are selected, and surface topology and underground topology are constructed respectively through link connection relationship, vertical communication structure, surface communication nodes and underground communication nodes; The location of each terminal device in the aboveground and underground topologies is determined, and the business function attributes and terminal device types are mapped to the aboveground and underground topologies respectively, to obtain the aboveground and underground topology terminal carrying characteristics. By combining the carrying characteristics of surface topology terminals and underground topology terminals, the hierarchical dependency characteristics are determined, and the network hierarchy of mine communication nodes is divided using the hierarchical dependency characteristics to obtain the mine network hierarchy. In the mine network hierarchy, for mine communication nodes at the same level, the communication nodes are partitioned based on their spatial location relationships to obtain the mine network region.

[0008] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, determining the hierarchical dependency characteristics by combining the surface topology terminal bearing characteristics and the downhole topology terminal bearing characteristics includes: The service carrying capacity of surface nodes, the service carrying capacity of underground nodes, and the service flow direction are determined by the carrying characteristics of surface and underground topology terminals, and the comprehensive hierarchical tendency of each mine communication node is calculated. All mine communication nodes are sorted in descending order of comprehensive hierarchical tendency, and the set of upper-level dependent nodes of each node is determined based on the sorting results. Each node is only dependent on nodes with a higher hierarchical tendency than itself. Perform directed cycle detection on the set of upper-level dependent nodes; When a dependency loop exists, the dependency nodes are reallocated, and the dependency node with the closest spatial distance is selected to form a hierarchical dependency diagram; Determine the hierarchical dependency characteristics based on the attached diagram and the hierarchy.

[0009] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the step of pre-planning the transmission path for the mining service flow based on the mining network service profile and determining the primary link and primary transmission resources includes: Determine the type of mining network service based on the mining network service profile; Based on the type of mining network service, select the corresponding path constraint rules from the pre-built mining network service profile library; Constructing a business flow characteristic matrix based on mining network business profiles; Candidate transmission paths are selected from the service flow characteristic matrix using the path constraint rules corresponding to each type of mining network service as constraints. For any candidate transmission path, calculate the total end-to-end delay and available bandwidth; The total end-to-end delay and available bandwidth are standardized to calculate the comprehensive path score. The primary link and primary transmission resources are determined based on the comprehensive path score.

[0010] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, calculating the total end-to-end delay and available bandwidth for any candidate transmission path includes: Obtain the path link and node information for each candidate transmission path; The link transmission delay and node forwarding delay of each node in the path link are determined by the node information; The total end-to-end delay is calculated by adding the transmission delays of all links and the forwarding delays of all nodes along the path; The remaining available bandwidth of each path link is obtained through node information, and the minimum value of the remaining available bandwidth is taken as the available bandwidth.

[0011] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the step of measuring the transmission characteristics of the primary and backup links in both path and open-loop states through mine business flow measurements, and generating a mine self-maintaining topology map based on the measurement results, includes: By measuring the transmission characteristics of the primary link and the backup link in both the path state and the open-loop state using the mining business flow, dual-state transmission characteristic data is obtained. The mining business flow includes deterministic delay business flow, real-time process monitoring flow and non-real-time management flow. When the mining service flow is a deterministic delay service flow, the delay difference between the deterministic delay service flow in the path state and the open-loop state is calculated based on the dual-state transmission characteristic data, and the delay difference is used as the pre-equalization delay value; Key nodes and inter-node link relationships in a mining communication network; A preliminary topology is constructed based on key nodes and the link relationships between nodes. The dual-state transmission characteristics and the pre-equalization delay values ​​are then mapped onto the preliminary topology to obtain a mine self-maintaining topology map.

[0012] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the step of calculating the delay difference of the deterministic delay service flow in the path state and the open-loop state based on the dual-state transmission characteristic data, and using the delay difference as the pre-equalization delay value, includes: Based on the dual-state transmission characteristic data, the path state delay dataset and the open-loop state delay dataset of the deterministic delay service flow in the path state and open-loop state are extracted respectively. Abnormal delay sample values ​​were removed from the path state delay dataset and the open-loop state delay dataset, respectively, to obtain the first stable delay interval under the path state and the second stable delay interval under the open-loop state. Based on the deterministic latency service flow, the corresponding maximum latency value is extracted from the first stable latency interval and the second stable latency interval, respectively, as the first reference latency value of the deterministic latency service flow in the path state and the second reference latency value in the open-loop state; The difference between the first reference delay value and the second reference delay value is calculated to obtain the delay difference of the deterministic delay service flow in the path state and the open-loop state; The latency difference is used as the pre-equalization latency value for deterministic latency service flows.

[0013] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes: When the mining service flow is a deterministic delay service flow and the mining communication network is in the open loop state, the pre-equalization delay value is applied to the deterministic delay service flow so that the total communication delay in the open loop state is equal to the delay in the open loop state. When the mining business flow is a real-time process monitoring flow and the mining communication network is in the path state, based on the dual-state transmission characteristic data marked by the real-time process monitoring flow, the minimum transmission bandwidth threshold and the maximum tolerable delay jitter threshold are extracted in the path state and the open-loop state. Assign the real-time process monitoring stream to a high-priority queue and adjust the bandwidth data corresponding to the real-time process monitoring stream to be higher than the minimum transmission bandwidth threshold. Adjust the queue waiting latency corresponding to the real-time process monitoring stream to be lower than the maximum tolerable latency jitter threshold; Non-real-time management flows are assigned to low-priority queues, and traffic shaping strategies are applied to ensure that high-priority services are not blocked and to limit the instantaneous traffic occupancy of non-real-time management flows.

[0014] Secondly, this application provides a machine-readable storage medium storing instructions that cause a machine to execute the aforementioned multi-level zoned industrial ring network management method for smart mines.

[0015] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device, comprising: The memory is configured to store instructions; and The processor is configured to retrieve the instructions from the memory and, when executing the instructions, to implement the aforementioned multi-level zoned industrial ring network management method for smart mines.

[0016] By utilizing the aforementioned technical solutions and incorporating physical topology information, terminal equipment information, and mine service flows within the mine communication network, a comprehensive understanding of the network's structural characteristics and equipment distribution can be achieved, thereby improving the accuracy of mine communication decisions. Hierarchical and partitioned processing of the mine network enables layered and partitioned network management, helping to reduce network conflicts, optimize resource allocation, and improve the efficiency of network maintenance and fault location. Constructing a mine network service profile allows for targeted service management, enhancing network resource utilization and providing data support for prioritizing critical service flows. Pre-planning transmission paths for mine service flows based on the mine network service profile, identifying primary links and transmission resources, allows for advance planning of service transmission paths, ensuring high reliability and low latency transmission of critical service flows, while reducing real-time scheduling pressure and enabling proactive network management and optimization. By constructing a layered ring network structure for the underground network and configuring link redundancy to obtain backup links and backup transmission resources, a redundant ring network structure can be effectively formed, enhancing the network's fault tolerance and reliability. In the event of a primary link failure, backup links can be quickly switched to ensure the continuity and stability of mining operations. A self-maintaining topology map is generated based on the transmission characteristics of mining business flows in both path and open-loop states. This allows for real-time monitoring of link transmission performance and status, enabling network status visualization and dynamic management, improving network fault detection and location efficiency, and reducing manual intervention and maintenance costs. Switching mining business flows based on the self-maintaining topology map enables automated self-healing of the network, improving the response speed and reliability of business switching; ensuring uninterrupted critical business flows and reducing the impact of faults on mine production and operations. Finally, based on the switched business transmission paths and transmission resource allocation results, a mining communication strategy is determined. This allows for dynamic adjustment and optimization of network communication strategies, achieving optimal resource allocation and business priority management, improving overall network operating efficiency and the intelligence level of the mining communication system.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a multi-level zoned industrial ring network management method for smart mines, provided as an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a mine communication structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this application involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0021] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0022] Figure 1 The illustration schematically shows a flowchart of a multi-level zoned industrial ring network management method for smart mines according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application provides a multi-level zoned industrial ring network management method for smart mines, which may include the following steps.

[0023] S110. Obtain physical topology information, terminal equipment information, and mine service flow in the mine communication network; S120. Combine the physical topology information and terminal equipment information in the mine communication network to perform hierarchical and partitioning processing on the mine network to obtain the mine network hierarchy and mine network region; S130. Construct a mining network service profile based on the mining network hierarchy and mining network area using terminal equipment information; S140. Based on the mining network service profile, pre-plan the transmission path for the mining service flow and determine the primary link and primary transmission resources. S150. Combine the primary link and primary transmission resources to construct a hierarchical ring network structure for the underground network, and obtain backup links and backup transmission resources by configuring link redundancy through the hierarchical ring network structure for the underground network. S160. Measure the transmission characteristics of the primary link and backup link in both the path state and the open-loop state through the mine business flow, and generate a mine self-maintaining topology map based on the measurement results. S170. By triggering link self-healing processing through the mine self-maintenance topology map, the backup link is determined and the switching of the mine business flow is completed, and the business transmission path and transmission resource allocation results after the switch are obtained. S180. Determine the mine communication strategy based on the service transmission path and transmission resource allocation results after the handover.

[0024] In this embodiment, the physical topology information in the mine communication network is used to characterize the structural information of the physical connection relationship between each communication node in the surface and underground communication network of the mine. Physical topology information includes, but is not limited to, communication node topology data, link connection relationship data, and link physical attribute data. Communication node topology data includes node identification information for switches, industrial Ethernet nodes, ring network nodes, aggregation nodes, and core nodes, as well as the surface or underground location identification of the node. Link connection relationship data includes the physical link connection relationship between nodes and the start and end node identifications of the link. Terminal device information refers to the attribute information of various field devices, control devices, and management devices accessing the mine communication network, used to characterize the carriers of services in the network and their communication requirements. Terminal device information includes, but is not limited to, device type, device identification information, access node identification, and the type of service generated or received by the device. Mine service flow refers to various data flows generated by terminal devices, transmitted through the communication network, and used to support mine production, safety, and management in the mine communication network. Mine service flow includes, but is not limited to, service flow type identification, service flow source terminal and destination terminal identification, the service system to which the service flow belongs, and the service flow latency requirements.

[0025] By comprehensively analyzing the physical connection structure, spatial deployment relationships, and terminal equipment carrying characteristics of communication nodes in the mine communication network, a network organization form with clear hierarchical division and regional boundaries is formed. Specifically, based on physical topology information, the spatial location relationships, link connections, and vertical communication structure of the network between mine communication nodes are obtained. The vertical communication structure is used to characterize the hierarchical dependency relationship between the surface communication structure and the underground communication structure. Furthermore, based on spatial location relationships, mine communication nodes are screened to distinguish between surface and underground communication nodes. Combined with link connections and the vertical communication structure, surface and underground topologies are constructed respectively, enabling the mine communication network to form an independent yet logically connected uplink and downlink topology system at the physical level. On this basis, the service function attributes and terminal equipment types of each terminal equipment are obtained through terminal equipment information, and the access position of each terminal equipment in the surface and underground topologies is determined. This maps the service function attributes and terminal equipment types to the corresponding communication nodes, forming surface and underground topology terminal carrying characteristics that characterize the service carrying capacity of communication nodes. Furthermore, combining the bearer characteristics of surface and underground topology terminals, the hierarchical dependency characteristics of mine communication nodes in the vertical communication structure are determined. Based on these hierarchical dependency characteristics, the network hierarchy of mine communication nodes is divided, thus obtaining the mine network hierarchy. Within the mine network hierarchy, mine communication nodes at the same network level are further partitioned based on their spatial location relationships, forming several independent mine network regions. In this embodiment, based on these partitions, different network policies can be configured for different network regions. Technologies such as VLAN, flow control, ACL, and QoS can be used to provide priority resource guarantees for critical services, restrict access to resources for untrusted services, and restrict access ports and available network segments for different types of terminals, preventing disorderly network expansion and ultimately loss of management control, and ensuring effective control over equipment network usage. The specific architecture design is as follows: The zoned and domained architecture divides the entire network into two main parts: production and office. Besides enabling orderly access for different types of services, thanks to the modular regional design, different mining areas can adjust each module according to actual needs. For example, independent wired and wireless networks can be created, or the underground network can be further subdivided into video surveillance, production control, and environmental monitoring networks to adapt to the planning and management requirements of different mining areas. The modular design not only allows for flexible adjustments to each area but also enhances the independence between different areas. This solution not only features a dual-machine design for key nodes but also deploys a separate production network core switch and a comprehensive network security gateway. This ensures that in the event of an office network failure, the production network core switch, in conjunction with a UPS, can continue to support production network operation, allowing production services to be properly terminated. Conversely, in the event of a production network failure, the surface network can continue to operate unaffected based on the comprehensive security gateway.

[0026] Subsequently, based on the obtained mine network hierarchy and mine network area, the access communication node corresponding to each terminal device is determined, and the structural position of the terminal device in the mine communication network is also determined. Terminal device information includes the business function attributes and terminal device type corresponding to each terminal device. Then, the business function attributes and terminal device type corresponding to each terminal device are extracted. The business function attributes include at least one or more of the following: production control attributes, safety monitoring attributes, video surveillance attributes, and management scheduling attributes. Based on the terminal device type and business function attributes, the communication requirement characteristics of the corresponding business flows of the terminal devices are determined. Different types of terminal devices differ in data generation methods, data scale, and real-time performance, while different business function attributes correspond to different production importance and safety levels. Based on these differences, the communication requirement characteristics of the business flows in terms of latency requirements, bandwidth requirements, reliability levels, and business priorities are determined. These communication requirement characteristics include at least business latency requirements, bandwidth requirements, reliability levels, and business priorities. By combining communication demand characteristics, network hierarchy, and network regions, the communication demand characteristics are enhanced or constrained to obtain actual service carrying characteristics that conform to the current network environment. This leads to the construction of a mine network service profile. Specifically, the mine network regions are first classified into risk levels. Areas with potential safety hazards such as geological disasters, such as mine working faces and tunneling heads, are marked as Level 1 high-risk areas; key facilities areas ensuring the core power supply of the mine, such as central substations and main drainage pumping stations, are marked as Level 2 critical areas; and non-production and operation areas such as surface administrative office buildings and parking lots are marked as Level 3 ordinary areas. The carrying capacity parameters of each level are determined through the mine network hierarchy, including the service latency range, bandwidth limit, reliability level, and schedulable service priority range that each level can support. When a service flow belongs to a Level 1 high-risk area, its reliability level and service priority can be appropriately increased, and its latency requirements tightened. When a service flow belongs to a Level 2 critical area, its reliability level or service priority can be appropriately increased, and the bandwidth requirements should be checked to ensure they meet network carrying capacity. When a service flow belongs to a Level 3 ordinary area, the original communication requirements can remain unchanged, thus obtaining the actual service carrying characteristics of the terminal equipment in the current network environment. Based on the actual service carrying characteristics, a corresponding service feature vector is constructed for each mining service flow. The service feature vector includes at least the network layer, network region, terminal equipment type, service function attributes, latency requirements, bandwidth requirements, reliability level, and service priority. Finally, all service feature vectors are summarized to form a mining network service profile, which is used to characterize the overall distribution characteristics and communication requirements of mining service flows under different network layers and different network regions.

[0027] Pre-planning transmission paths for mining service flows based on the mining network service profile, and determining primary links and primary transmission resources, refers to selecting and determining transmission paths and corresponding network transmission resources that meet the communication requirements of various service flows in the mining communication network in advance, based on the existing mining network service profile and the differences in service type, communication requirements, and network structure constraints among different mining service flows. Specifically, the mining network service type to which the service flows belong is identified based on the mining network service profile, and corresponding path constraint rules are selected from the pre-built mining network service profile library based on the service type. Subsequently, a service flow characteristic matrix is ​​constructed based on the service carrying characteristics reflected in the mining network service profile. Under the constraints of the path constraint rules, candidate transmission paths that meet the requirements of latency, bandwidth, and reliability are screened from the service flow characteristic matrix. Further, the end-to-end total delay and available bandwidth of each candidate transmission path are calculated, and the end-to-end total delay and available bandwidth are standardized to obtain a comprehensive path score. Finally, the primary links of the mining service flows and the primary transmission resources corresponding to the primary links are determined based on the comprehensive path score.

[0028] After completing the pre-planning of transmission paths for mining business flows, the primary links and their primary transmission resources corresponding to each mining business flow are used as the key backbone of the underground communication network. Underground communication nodes are organized hierarchically, and an Ethernet industrial ring network structure is constructed within different network layers, embedding the primary links into the corresponding layer's ring network. Based on this, within the underground hierarchical ring network structure, the sequence of communication nodes traversed by the primary links carrying mining business flows and their respective network layers are located, clarifying the specific path location of the primary links in the access layer ring network, aggregation layer ring network, or cross-layer ring network. In the Ethernet industrial ring network, there are at least two transmission directions between each pair of communication nodes: clockwise and counterclockwise. Based on this bidirectional connectivity characteristic, using the starting and ending nodes of the primary link as endpoints, another closed path with the opposite transmission direction or a different node sequence is selected in the ring network as a candidate redundant transmission path. The carrying capacity of candidate redundant transmission paths is verified, including: verifying whether each communication node in the candidate path supports the scheduling strategy of the corresponding service flow; verifying whether the available bandwidth of each link in the candidate path meets the service requirements; and verifying whether the candidate path has switchability under the constraints of the ring network protocol. Only when the candidate redundant path meets the service communication requirements is it determined as a backup link. In addition, in this embodiment, a hierarchical ring network structure for the underground network is constructed. Two optical fibers can be laid from each node as the starting point, passing through two adits in the mine and connecting to the core switch. This approach can achieve direct connection of each node to the core switch, avoiding load accumulation. At the same time, each node also has two transmission links with different physical paths, one main and one auxiliary adit. If one side fails, the other side can be replaced in time, providing reliability assurance. The aforementioned backbone node loop structure modification ensures the reliability of the backbone loop. To address the network reliability issue of end-devices, the traditional tree structure also needs modification. This paper proposes nesting access layer loops on top of the backbone loop. Utilizing this two-layer loop structure, multiple access layer loops can be flexibly deployed in various small areas underground, reducing the impact of network outages. For example... Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a mine communication structure, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the main tunnel and the auxiliary tunnel serve as dual core hubs, which are interconnected through links to achieve primary and backup redundancy. Upstream, they connect to IoT security access gateways, servers, industrial control monitoring and auditing devices, while downstream, a hierarchical network is formed through multi-level switches. At the same time, through link aggregation and backup link designs, redundancy is provided for the connection between each node, which not only meets the network reliability requirements of industrial scenarios, but also integrates security capabilities such as security access and monitoring and auditing.

[0029] Next, the transmission characteristics of the primary and backup links are monitored and recorded in both the path-through and open-loop states of the mine's business flow, yielding dual-state transmission characteristic data. Subsequently, the mine's business flow is divided into deterministic delay business flow, real-time process monitoring flow, and non-real-time management flow, and the dual-state transmission characteristic data is annotated to the corresponding mine business flow. Further, based on the dual-state transmission characteristic data, the delay difference of the deterministic delay business flow in the path-through and open-loop states is calculated, and this delay difference is used as a pre-equalization delay value to optimize business transmission performance. Simultaneously, key nodes and their inter-node link relationships in the mine communication network are obtained, and a preliminary topology is constructed based on these key nodes and link relationships. Finally, the dual-state transmission characteristic data and the pre-equalization delay value are mapped onto the preliminary topology to form a mine self-maintaining topology map, reflecting the service carrying capacity and maintainability of the mine communication network under different link states, providing a data foundation for subsequent link self-healing and service switching.

[0030] In the mine's self-maintained topology map, the transmission characteristics of the primary link are continuously monitored, including link reachability, latency, bandwidth utilization, and packet loss rate. When any indicator exceeds a preset threshold, the link self-healing mechanism is triggered. This mechanism involves a series of automatic operations initiated by the system based on the mine's self-maintained topology map when a primary link in the mine's communication network malfunctions, such as link interruption, latency exceeding limits, or insufficient bandwidth. These operations include, but are not limited to, switching to a backup link, activating backup transmission resources, and updating topology map information. The preset thresholds are set based on the service type. For example, for deterministic latency services, which have high requirements for latency and reliability, the link latency threshold can be set to a lower value, such as 1.2 times the historical average link latency (this is just an example; the actual threshold can be set according to specific needs) as the criterion for exceeding limits. Simultaneously, the packet loss rate threshold is set to a lower range to ensure real-time service performance. For real-time process monitoring flows, which are sensitive to latency but can tolerate certain fluctuations, the link latency threshold can be set to 1.5 times the historical average (this is just an example; the specific threshold can be set according to actual conditions). The packet loss rate threshold is set to a more lenient range to balance real-time performance and network utilization. For non-real-time management flows, which have lower real-time requirements, the link latency threshold can be set to 2 times the historical average (this is just an example; the specific threshold can be set according to actual needs). The packet loss rate threshold can be appropriately relaxed to ensure the flexibility of network resource allocation. Based on the mine's self-maintained topology, the affected mine service flows are matched with the corresponding primary links to identify the service type of the service flows. In this embodiment, the service type can be a deterministic latency service flow, a real-time process monitoring flow, or a non-real-time management flow, etc., for subsequent switching priority ranking. From the pre-configured set of backup links in the hierarchical ring network structure, backup links corresponding to the affected primary links are selected. It is confirmed whether the available transmission resources of the selected backup links meet the communication requirements of the affected service flows. Under the network control layer or terminal device control module, the transmission path of the affected service flows is switched from the primary link to the selected backup link. Simultaneously, the backup resources corresponding to the primary transmission resources are activated, enabling the service flow to be transmitted normally along the backup link after the switchover. The network resource management table is updated to mark the backup transmission resources allocated on the backup link as "used".

[0031] After switching the mining business flow from the primary link to the backup link and activating the backup transmission resources, the system obtains the network status after the switch, including the current transmission path of the business flow, the nodes it passes through, and the corresponding transmission resource occupancy. Subsequently, based on the network status after the switch, the system redetermines the scheduling priority and bandwidth allocation of various mining business flows, optimizes link load balancing, adjusts the link self-healing trigger threshold and monitoring strategy, and forms the above adjustment results into a mining communication strategy for use in network control modules, terminal equipment, or scheduling management systems. This aims to optimize the operation of the switched mining communication network in terms of business continuity, transmission efficiency, and reliability, and provide a decision-making basis for subsequent network self-maintenance and link self-healing.

[0032] The above steps significantly improve the reliability, flexibility, and resource utilization efficiency of the mine communication network, enhance its disaster resistance and self-healing capabilities, ensure the stable transmission of mine business data, provide strong support for the safe production and efficient operation of the mine, and reduce network maintenance costs and management complexity.

[0033] In one embodiment of this invention, the mine communication network is hierarchically and partitioned by combining physical topology information and terminal device information to obtain mine network hierarchies and mine network regions, including: S210. Obtain the spatial location relationship, link connection relationship and vertical communication structure of the mine communication nodes through physical topology information, wherein the vertical communication structure includes the surface communication structure and the underground communication structure. S220. Obtain the business function attributes and terminal device type corresponding to each terminal device through terminal device information; S230. Based on the spatial location relationship of the mine communication nodes, filter the surface communication nodes and underground communication nodes, and construct the surface topology and underground topology respectively through link connection relationship, vertical communication structure, surface communication nodes and underground communication nodes; S240. Determine the location of each terminal device in the aboveground topology and the underground topology, and map the business function attributes and terminal device types to the aboveground topology and the underground topology respectively to obtain the aboveground topology terminal carrying characteristics and the underground topology terminal carrying characteristics. S250. Combine the bearing characteristics of the surface topology terminal and the underground topology terminal to determine the hierarchical dependency characteristics, and use the hierarchical dependency characteristics to divide the network hierarchy of the mine communication nodes to obtain the mine network hierarchy. S260. In the mine network hierarchy, for mine communication nodes at the same level, the communication nodes are partitioned based on their spatial location relationship to obtain the mine network region.

[0034] Physical topology information includes information such as the spatial location relationships, link connections, and vertical communication structure of mine communication nodes. In this embodiment, physical topology information refers to the basic information such as the physical location, connection method, and hierarchical structure of all nodes and links in the mine communication network, including but not limited to the coordinates of each node, its location in the mining area, its section, and its network level. Spatial location relationships refer to the distribution of communication nodes in three-dimensional space, such as the location of underground communication nodes in different roadways or working faces, and the relative location of surface nodes in the mining area. Link connections refer to the physical connection status between nodes in the network, i.e., which nodes are interconnected through communication links, the type of link, the link length, and the link redundancy. The link type can be fiber optic, industrial Ethernet, etc. Vertical communication structure refers to the vertical carrying relationship between the surface and underground networks, i.e., how communication signals are transmitted from underground nodes to surface nodes, including vertical links and access nodes; the surface communication structure is the surface network nodes and their interconnection methods, such as the mine control center and the wellhead nodes; the underground communication structure is the underground network nodes and their connection methods, such as working face sensors and roadway terminal equipment.

[0035] In this embodiment, the terminal device information includes the service function attributes and terminal device type corresponding to each terminal device. The terminal device information refers to the relevant data of each terminal device in the mine communication network, including device model, device function, installation location, connection method, etc. The service function attributes are the service type and functional characteristics undertaken by each terminal device. For example, deterministic latency services could be underground sensor data acquisition tasks; real-time process monitoring services could be equipment operation status monitoring tasks; and non-real-time management services could be data backup and scheduling management tasks. The terminal device type indicates the category of the terminal device, such as sensor, industrial control terminal, data acquisition terminal, gateway, monitoring terminal, etc.

[0036] Based on the spatial location of mine communication nodes, all nodes are classified into surface communication nodes and underground communication nodes. Surface communication nodes refer to network nodes located in the surface mining area, mine entrance, or control center; underground communication nodes refer to network nodes located in underground roadways, working faces, hoists, or mining areas. Utilizing the link connections and vertical communication structure between underground communication nodes, an underground network topology map is constructed to represent the underground nodes and their physical and logical connections, including vertical links between underground nodes and with surface nodes. Physical link information between surface nodes is extracted from the link connections; nodes and links are drawn into a surface topology map reflecting the direct connections between nodes; the connections between surface and underground nodes in the vertical communication structure are marked on the topology map, forming a structure that can be used for cross-level path planning. Utilizing the link connections and vertical communication structure between underground communication nodes, an underground network topology map is constructed to represent the underground nodes and their physical and logical connections, including vertical links between underground nodes and with surface nodes. This involves extracting physical link information between underground nodes from the link connection relationships; drawing an underground topology map of the underground nodes and their links to reflect the direct connections between nodes; and marking the connections between underground and above-ground nodes in the vertical communication structure on the topology map to achieve cross-layer communication analysis. Finally, graph data of the above-ground and underground topologies are generated as input for subsequent network layering, service profiling, and path planning.

[0037] Based on the previously constructed above-ground and below-ground topologies, the specific node location of each terminal device within the network topology is determined. This location includes not only spatial coordinates but also the network node, layer, and link connections it belongs to. The service function attributes and device type of each terminal device are associated with its corresponding node's location in the topology. Device types can be sensors, control terminals, data acquisition terminals, etc. After mapping, each topology node not only represents the network structure but also contains information about the service type and device category it carries. Next, the terminal carrying characteristics are obtained, including above-ground topology terminal carrying characteristics and below-ground topology terminal carrying characteristics. Above-ground topology terminal carrying characteristics are the set of terminal device types and service function attributes carried by each node in the above-ground topology; below-ground topology terminal carrying characteristics are the set of terminal device types and service function attributes carried by each node in the below-ground topology.

[0038] Next, by analyzing the carrying characteristics of surface and underground topology terminals, the service carrying capacity of surface nodes, the service carrying capacity of underground nodes, and the service flow between nodes are determined, and the comprehensive hierarchical tendency of each mine communication node is calculated accordingly. Subsequently, all mine communication nodes are sorted in descending order of comprehensive hierarchical tendency, and the set of upper-level dependent nodes for each node is determined based on the sorting results. Each node is only dependent on nodes with a higher hierarchical tendency than itself. Then, directed loop detection is performed on the set of upper-level dependent nodes. When a dependency loop exists, the dependent nodes are reassigned, and the node with the closest spatial distance is selected as the dependent node, thus forming a hierarchical dependency diagram. Finally, the hierarchical dependency characteristics are determined by combining the hierarchical dependency diagram, and the network hierarchy of the mine communication nodes is divided according to the hierarchical dependency characteristics to obtain the mine network hierarchy structure. Among them, the hierarchical dependency characteristic refers to the hierarchical relationship between nodes in the network, that is, which type of upper-layer node a node depends on for its communication or service functions. Upper-layer nodes can be nodes with stronger carrying capacity and higher service concentration. The hierarchical structure of the mining network refers to the network structure that divides the nodes of the mining communication network into top-level nodes, middle-level nodes and bottom-level nodes according to the service carrying capacity, service function attributes, inter-node dependency relationship and spatial location of the mining communication nodes. The top-level nodes carry core control and data aggregation functions, the middle-level nodes carry service aggregation and forwarding functions, and the bottom-level nodes carry terminal equipment access and service acquisition functions. The hierarchical structure is used to support service flow transmission path planning, link redundancy design, network self-healing and transmission resource optimization.

[0039] Different levels of nodes perform different functions. Directly dividing network areas based on spatial location might mix high-capacity and low-capacity nodes, leading to significant differences in service capacity within a region, which is detrimental to scheduling and management. Furthermore, nodes at the same level typically handle similar types of service flows; for example, lower-level nodes primarily collect data, while middle-level nodes aggregate data. Dividing nodes at the same level into regions helps to optimize similar service flows locally, pre-define paths, and design link redundancy, improving service transmission efficiency. Therefore, in the mine network hierarchy, for mine communication nodes at the same level, the communication nodes are partitioned based on their spatial location relationships. Specifically, the node set after the mine network hierarchy is divided is filtered, selecting all nodes at a certain level, and their spatial location information is read, including three-dimensional coordinates, such as surface XY coordinates, the mine area or section information, and the working face number. Based on the mine operation layout and node distribution characteristics, a partitioning strategy is determined, such as grouping adjacent nodes into the same region based on spatial distance, or dividing regions according to underground roadways, working faces, or sections. Nodes at the same level are grouped according to the above rules to generate several network regions. A unique region identifier is assigned to each region, and the list of nodes and their spatial information within the region are recorded. The network region information is output, including the region identifier, node list, spatial boundaries, and service carrying characteristics, i.e., the mining network region. After dividing the mining communication network into several regions, local optimization of service flows and transmission path planning can be performed within the regions.

[0040] Through the above steps, refined management of the mine's communication network can be achieved, making the network structure clearer and more hierarchical, facilitating subsequent resource allocation, business planning, and fault location. Simultaneously, by clearly defining the communication structure above and below ground, the network's scalability and management efficiency are enhanced, providing a solid foundation for efficient communication and safe operation of smart mines. Furthermore, zone processing can further optimize the utilization of network resources, improve network flexibility and adaptability, and ensure efficient and stable transmission of mine operations.

[0041] In one embodiment of this invention, the hierarchical dependency characteristics are determined by combining the surface topology terminal bearing characteristics and the downhole topology terminal bearing characteristics, including: S310. Determine the service carrying capacity of surface nodes, the service carrying capacity of underground nodes, and the service flow direction through the bearing characteristics of surface topology terminals and underground topology terminals, and calculate the comprehensive hierarchical tendency of each mine communication node. S320. Sort all mine communication nodes in descending order of comprehensive hierarchical tendency, and determine the set of upper-level dependent nodes for each node based on the sorting results. Each node is only dependent on nodes with a higher hierarchical tendency than itself. S330. Perform directed cycle detection on the set of upper-level dependent nodes; S340. When a dependency loop exists, the dependency nodes are reallocated, and the dependency node with the closest spatial distance is selected to form a hierarchical dependency diagram. S350. Determine the hierarchical dependency characteristics based on the attached diagram and the hierarchy.

[0042] In this embodiment, the above-ground topology terminal carrying characteristics and the underground topology terminal carrying characteristics include the service carrying capacity of above-ground nodes and the service carrying capacity of underground nodes. The service carrying capacity of above-ground nodes is calculated based on the above-ground topology terminal carrying characteristics, which includes the number and type of terminal devices carried by each above-ground node, as well as the related service traffic. The service carrying capacity of underground nodes is calculated based on the underground topology terminal carrying characteristics, which includes the number and type of terminal devices and the service traffic of underground nodes. The service flow direction is determined based on the data interaction and topology structure between nodes, which determines the direction of the data flow from the source node to the aggregation node. For example, data from the bottom-level acquisition nodes aggregates upwards to the intermediate-level aggregation node, and the intermediate-level data aggregates to the top-level control node. Specifically, the above-ground topology terminal carrying characteristics and the underground topology terminal carrying characteristics are traversed to calculate the service carrying capacity of above-ground nodes and the service carrying capacity of underground nodes. Based on the data flow direction between nodes in the above-ground topology terminal carrying characteristics and the underground topology terminal carrying characteristics, the traffic volume and flow direction are recorded to determine the service flow direction, such as data from the bottom-level sensor nodes to the intermediate aggregation node, and data from the intermediate nodes to the top-level control node. Analyze the traffic volume between nodes, for example, the traffic from the bottom node to the middle node is 100 bytes / second; convert the flow direction and traffic into a business flow weight F. ij This represents the "weight of the service flow transmitted from node i to node j". The larger the traffic, the higher the weight; for example, a traffic flow of 100 bytes / second is scored as 10 points. The "service capacity Bi" and "service flow weight F" are integrated through a weighting formula. ij "To obtain the comprehensive hierarchical tendency H i。 The specific expression is as follows:

[0043] Among them, H i B is the overall hierarchical tendency of node i; i It is the node's service capacity; F ij It is the weight of the business flow from node i to node j; The hierarchical weighting coefficient for business capacity; This refers to the hierarchical weighting coefficient for business flow weights. The hierarchical weighting coefficient for business capacity is also relevant. The utilization rate is determined based on node capacity utilization. Specifically, the maximum service carrying capacity and actual service carrying volume of each node in the mine communication network are obtained. The actual service carrying volume is divided by the maximum service carrying capacity to calculate the node capacity utilization rate. The average node capacity utilization rate of all nodes in each level is calculated to obtain the mean utilization rate. The mean utilization rate is normalized and used as the level weight coefficient of service carrying volume. The level weight coefficient of service flow weight is determined based on the degree of service flow of nodes. Specifically, the number of times each node participates in service flow is counted, the total number of current service flows is obtained, and the number of service flows is divided by the total number of all service flows to calculate the node's service flow participation rate. The average service flow participation rate of all nodes in the same level is calculated to obtain the mean service flow weight of that level. The mean service flow weight of all levels is normalized and used as the level weight coefficient of service flow.

[0044] After obtaining the comprehensive hierarchical tendency of each mine communication node, all mine communication nodes are sorted in descending order of comprehensive hierarchical tendency to obtain a global hierarchical sequence of mine communication nodes. Nodes with higher comprehensive hierarchical tendency are located at the beginning of the global hierarchical sequence, and nodes with lower comprehensive hierarchical tendency are located at the end of the global hierarchical sequence. The comprehensive hierarchical tendency is used to characterize the service output and service convergence characteristics exhibited by the corresponding communication node during the mine service flow transmission process. Subsequently, for any mine communication node, communication nodes with higher comprehensive hierarchical tendency than that node are selected from the global hierarchical sequence as the candidate set of upper-level dependent nodes for that node. That is, the earlier the ranking, the higher the level; the upper-level dependent nodes of a node are all nodes ranked before it. For example, node A1 represents the node with the highest score, ranked 1st, with no nodes ranked before it → no upper-level dependent nodes, serving as the top-level core node. Node A2's nodes ranked before it are A1 → upper-level dependent node set = {A1}. The nodes preceding node B1 are A1 and A2 → the set of upper-level dependent nodes = {A1, A2}. Communication nodes with a higher overall hierarchical inclination than B1 are selected as the set of upper-level dependent nodes for B1. This set limits the range of upper-level nodes from which mining communication nodes are allowed to establish dependency relationships at the business logic level. By constraining each mining communication node to only depend on communication nodes with a higher overall hierarchical inclination than itself, the business dependency relationships between nodes in the mining communication network are established unidirectionally along the hierarchical direction, avoiding the formation of closed-loop business dependencies.

[0045] To break down inter-node dependencies and circular dependencies at the business logic level, and to establish a unidirectional and isolated relationship structure for each communication node in terms of control, scheduling, and service carrying, thus preventing the cascading propagation of faults across multiple nodes when a node or link fails, a loop detection process is performed on the directed relationships formed by these candidate dependencies after determining the candidate set of upper-level dependent nodes for each node based on comprehensive hierarchical tendency. This is used to determine whether there are closed-loop structures formed by mutual or cascading dependencies between nodes. Using directed loop detection algorithms, such as the depth-first search (DFS) algorithm, firstly, state labels are set for all communication nodes in the mine. For example, state 0 indicates that the node has not yet started detection; state 1 indicates that the upper-level dependent links of the node are being traversed; and state 2 indicates that all upper-level links of the node have been traversed and there are no loops. Select any unvisited node, such as sensor node C1 at the mining face, and mark it as state 1. Traverse the set of upper-level dependent nodes of C1, such as {A1, A2, B1}. If an upper-level node (such as A2) is in state 1, trigger a loop alarm (the link from C1 to A2 forms a closed loop with an existing link). If an upper-level node (such as A1) is in state 0, recursively perform DFS on A1. If an upper-level node (such as B1) is in state 2, skip it, there is no risk of a loop. After all upper-level links of a node have been traversed, mark it as state 2. If a loop is detected, record the node sequence within the closed loop (such as C1→A2→B3→C1). In this embodiment, a partitioned DFS can also be used, dividing the mine into regions according to the main roadway, mining face, and ventilation area, with each region detected independently, reducing the computational burden on the central node.

[0046] When a directed closed loop is detected in the dependency relationships of communication nodes in a mine, it indicates that the current dependency relationship is unreasonable. In this case, the original dependency relationship is not continued; instead, a new upper-level dependency node is selected for the nodes participating in the closed loop. During the reselection process, the communication node that is physically closest and meets the hierarchical constraints is prioritized as the new dependency node, thus constructing a node dependency structure without closed loops and with a clear hierarchical direction. Specifically, from the directed loop detection results, the set of all nodes dependent on closed loops and information on illegal links are obtained. Illegal link information refers to the node links containing directed closed loops. The underground three-dimensional coordinates of each node are collected using a mine positioning system, such as UWB positioning. Using Euclidean distance, each node's legitimate candidate upper-level nodes are identified. The node with the smallest spatial distance from the candidate upper-level nodes is selected as the primary dependency node of the current node; simultaneously, 1-2 second-nearest nodes can be retained as backup dependency nodes (to cope with primary node failure). For example, a closed loop C3→B2→A3→C3 is detected, with the closed loop node set being {A3,B2,C3}. The illegal link is C3→A3 (violating the hierarchical bias rule: A3's score of 8.5 > C3's score of 6.0, so C3 should be dependent on A3, not the other way around). If the candidate set for C3 is {A3,B2}, the distance between C3 and A3 is 50m; the distance between C3 and B2 is 15m; ultimately, B2 is chosen as the primary dependent node for C3, and A3 as the backup dependent node.

[0047] Finally, based on the completed hierarchical dependency diagram that does not contain dependency loops, the structural position, dependency relationship and dependency direction of each mine communication node in the diagram are analyzed to determine the hierarchical position, dependency direction and dependency quantity of each communication node in the hierarchical dependency diagram, thereby obtaining the corresponding hierarchical dependency characteristics. The hierarchical dependency characteristics are used to characterize the hierarchical role of the communication node in the mine communication network and its business dependency behavior.

[0048] By determining the hierarchical dependency characteristics, it is possible to ensure that nodes are attached to higher-level nodes and avoid the formation of directed loops. When a dependency loop occurs, the system can reallocate the dependency relationship based on spatial distance, thereby generating a stable hierarchical dependency diagram. Ultimately, this accurately characterizes the hierarchical dependency characteristics of the mine communication network, achieving a reasonable distribution of service carrying and flow, and ensuring the reliability of the topology.

[0049] In one embodiment of this invention, the transmission path of the mining service flow is pre-planned based on the mining network service profile, and the primary link and primary transmission resources are determined, including: S410. Determine the type of mining network service based on the mining network service profile; S420. Select the corresponding path constraint rules from the pre-built mine network service profile library based on the mine network service type. S430, Constructing a service flow characteristic matrix based on mining network service profiles; S440. Using the path constraint rules corresponding to each mine network service type as constraints, select candidate transmission paths from the service flow characteristic matrix. S450. For any candidate transmission path, calculate the total end-to-end delay and available bandwidth. S460, the total end-to-end delay and available bandwidth are standardized to calculate the comprehensive path score; S470. Determine the primary link and primary transmission resources based on the comprehensive path score.

[0050] Based on the established mining network service profile, various services are analyzed and matched in terms of communication characteristics, timeliness requirements, reliability requirements, and service behavior patterns. This determines the service type category of each type of mining network service, providing a basis for subsequent transmission path planning, scheduling strategies, and protection mechanisms. The mining network service profile already includes service source nodes, aggregation nodes, service traffic characteristics, QoS characteristics such as latency, jitter, and packet loss, service periodicity, continuity, service security level, and control level. In this embodiment, mining network service types include, but are not limited to, mining network service types with profile characteristics of ultra-low latency, bidirectional command interaction, extremely high priority, and low bandwidth requirements; monitoring and sensing services with profile characteristics of low latency, high frequency of small uplink data, high / extremely high priority, and extremely low bandwidth requirements; and video transmission services with profile characteristics of low latency, continuous large uplink data, high priority, and high bandwidth requirements.

[0051] Subsequently, corresponding path constraint rules are selected from a pre-built mine network service profile database based on the type of mine network service. This database describes the characteristics of various services in the mine network and their associated constraints. Data is collected in the actual mine network environment for each service type through the control system. The collected data is then analyzed in depth to extract key performance indicators and behavioral patterns for different services. For example, video surveillance services typically require high bandwidth and a certain level of real-time performance; while security alarm services have extremely high requirements for low latency and high reliability. Based on the identification and performance analysis of service types, one or more sets of path constraint rules are designed for each service. These rules define the path selection principles and restrictions that the service should follow when transmitting in the network. Path constraint rules may include the following aspects: link priority, meaning that some services may need to prioritize specific types of links, such as fiber optic links over wireless links; node selection restrictions, meaning that some services may not be allowed to pass through specific nodes, such as core switches and data center interfaces; bandwidth guarantees, meaning that the minimum bandwidth required for the service during transmission is specified; and latency restrictions, meaning that the maximum allowable latency for service transmission is set. The analyzed business characteristics, performance indicators, and corresponding path constraint rules are structured and organized to form business profiles. These business profiles are stored in a centralized database or information system, namely the mining network business profile library. Each business profile may contain a unique identifier, a business description, key characteristic parameters, and one or more sets of corresponding path constraint rules. For the identified mining network business types, the corresponding transmission path constraint rules are searched in the pre-established mining network business profile library, including path selection, primary and backup link priority, latency tolerance, bandwidth guarantee, redundancy requirements, etc., for application in network scheduling and path planning.

[0052] A service flow characteristic matrix is ​​constructed based on the service profile of the mining network. Rows represent each service flow, and columns represent performance metrics for each flow, such as average bandwidth requirement, peak bandwidth requirement, or average latency. Many service characteristics defined in the service profile library can be directly used as columns in the matrix and filled with values. For example, if the library defines the average bandwidth requirement of a service as 10Mbps, then 10 would be filled in the matrix. For qualitative descriptions, such as high, medium, and low, they need to be converted into comparable quantitative indicators. For example, high priority can be mapped to 5, medium to 3, and low to 1. This yields the service flow characteristic matrix, which is used for subsequent service flow weight calculation, dependent node selection, and path planning analysis.

[0053] First, determine the type of service to be transmitted. Based on this type, retrieve the corresponding path constraint rules from the service profile database. Using the previously obtained service flow characteristic matrix, employ Dijkstra's algorithm to filter all possible paths from the source node to the destination node. For each candidate path, record its key performance indicators, such as total path latency and available bandwidth. For each candidate transmission path, compare it against the path constraint rules of the determined target service. Example constraint matching: for node constraints, if the rule prohibits passing through node X, then all candidate paths containing node X are excluded; for latency requirements, if the rule states that the transmission latency cannot exceed 100ms, then only candidate paths with a total latency less than 100ms are retained.

[0054] For any candidate transmission path in a mining network, its end-to-end total delay and available bandwidth can be calculated for subsequent path selection and service scheduling. Specifically, firstly, the path links and node information of the candidate transmission path are obtained; then, the link transmission delay and node forwarding delay corresponding to each node in the path link are determined using the node information; next, the link transmission delay and node forwarding delay of all links on the path link are summed to obtain the end-to-end total delay of the candidate transmission path; further, the remaining available bandwidth of the path link is obtained using the node information, and the minimum value of the remaining available bandwidth of all links in the path is taken as the available bandwidth of the candidate transmission path. The end-to-end total delay is used to evaluate the latency performance of the path, and the available bandwidth is used to evaluate the bandwidth guarantee capability of the path, thus providing a basis for path optimization, priority scheduling, and QoS guarantee for different service flows in the mining network.

[0055] The end-to-end total delay is obtained by summing the transmission delays and node forwarding delays of all links along the path. Simultaneously, the remaining available bandwidth of the path links is obtained through node information, and the minimum remaining available bandwidth of each link in the path is used as the available bandwidth of the candidate transmission path. Further, the end-to-end total delay and available bandwidth are standardized (Z-score standardization) and calculated according to preset weights to obtain a comprehensive path score for each candidate transmission path. This comprehensive path score is used to evaluate the overall transmission performance of the candidate transmission paths and provides a basis for ranking candidate paths, selecting upper-layer dependent nodes, and planning the optimal path for mining network service flows. Since the importance of delay and bandwidth to services may differ—for example, real-time voice services may prioritize low latency, while file transfer services may prioritize high bandwidth—it is necessary to assign weights to delay and bandwidth. The preset weights can be determined based on the specific service type, i.e., extracted from the service profile. Historical traffic data for different types of services is collected, and the performance of specific service types under different network conditions is analyzed. In this embodiment, the service profile includes at least service type information. Different service types have different sensitivities to latency and bandwidth, therefore different weight parameters are set accordingly. For example, when the service type is deterministic latency, the service type information indicates that this type of service is highly sensitive to end-to-end latency and has relatively low bandwidth requirements. Therefore, the system will determine the network performance during operation based on historical operational data of similar services. The system will then adjust the emphasis on latency and bandwidth based on this judgment, i.e., the preset weights. The system can set w delay =0.8, w bandwidth =0.2, the specific values ​​above are only examples; for instance, when the service type is real-time process monitoring, the service type information shows that this type of service has the same requirements for bandwidth and latency. Therefore, the system will set w delay =0.5, w bandwidth =0.5, the above specific value is only an example. Next, calculate the comprehensive path score, the specific expression is as follows: Overall Path Score = w delay ×Normalized-Delay+w bandwidth ×Normalized-Bandwidth Among them, w delay It is the weight of the delay; w bandwidth It is the bandwidth weight; Normalized-Delay is the total end-to-end delay; Normalized-Bandwidth is the available bandwidth.

[0056] The primary link and primary transmission resources are determined based on the comprehensive path score. The comprehensive path scores are sorted from high to low, and the path with the highest score is designated as the primary link. Based on the available resources of each link and node on the path, bandwidth, ports or channels, priority marking, buffers or queues are allocated to ensure that the service flow can meet latency and bandwidth requirements when transmitted on the primary link.

[0057] By profiling mining network services, we can perform refined pre-planning of transmission paths for mining service flows, thereby achieving efficient allocation and optimized utilization of mining network resources. This ensures the efficiency, stability, and reliability of service flow transmission, effectively improving the overall performance and operational efficiency of the mining network.

[0058] In one embodiment of this example, for any candidate transmission path, calculating the end-to-end total delay and available bandwidth includes: S510. Obtain the path link and node information for each candidate transmission path; S520. Determine the link transmission delay and node forwarding delay of each node in the path link through node information; S530, sum the transmission delay and node forwarding delay of all links on the path link to achieve the total end-to-end delay; S540. Obtain the remaining available bandwidth of each path link through node information, and take the minimum value of the remaining available bandwidth as the available bandwidth.

[0059] First, the path link and node information for each candidate transmission path can be obtained through a network management system. In this embodiment, the path link includes, but is not limited to, link identifier, link status, link nodes, and link performance indicators, such as average packet loss rate and average jitter. Node information includes, but is not limited to, device name, node type (e.g., router, switch), and device operating status.

[0060] In this embodiment, the node information includes the link transmission delay and node forwarding delay of each node in the path link. Therefore, the link transmission delay and node forwarding delay of each node in the path link are determined based on the node information. The link transmission delay refers to the time spent transmitting a data packet on the network link, from the source node port to the destination node port; the node forwarding delay refers to the time spent processing and forwarding data packets within the network node, including the time for packet parsing, queuing, forwarding, and buffering.

[0061] Subsequently, the transmission delays of all links along the path are summed with the node forwarding delays to obtain the end-to-end total delay of the candidate transmission path. The end-to-end total delay is used to quantify the path transmission performance, providing a basis for subsequent comprehensive path scoring calculations, primary link selection, and mine network service flow scheduling, thereby ensuring efficient and reliable transmission of service flows in the mine network.

[0062] For candidate transmission paths, the remaining available bandwidth of each link in the path is determined by obtaining the node information of each node on the path. Node information includes the node's port bandwidth, the available bandwidth of the link, and the current network load. Furthermore, the remaining available bandwidth of all links on the path is compared, and the minimum value is taken as the available bandwidth of the candidate transmission path. This bandwidth is used to quantify the bandwidth carrying capacity of the path, providing a basis for subsequent comprehensive path scoring calculations, primary link selection, and mine network service flow scheduling, thereby ensuring reliable transmission and bandwidth guarantee of service flows in the mine network.

[0063] By calculating the total end-to-end delay and available bandwidth, the delay and bandwidth performance of candidate transmission paths can be comprehensively and accurately evaluated, providing key data support for subsequent path selection and network resource allocation. This ensures that the selected path can meet the transmission requirements of mine business flows, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of network resources and the reliability of business transmission.

[0064] In one embodiment of this invention, the transmission characteristics of the primary and backup links in both path and open-loop states are measured through mine traffic flow, and a mine self-maintaining topology map is generated based on the measurement results, including: S610. Measure the transmission characteristics of the primary link and the backup link in the path state and the open-loop state using the mine business flow to obtain dual-state transmission characteristic data. The mine business flow includes deterministic delay business flow, real-time process monitoring flow and non-real-time management flow. S620. When the mining service flow is a deterministic delay service flow, calculate the delay difference between the deterministic delay service flow in the path state and the open-loop state based on the dual-state transmission characteristic data, and use the delay difference as the pre-equalization delay value. S630, key nodes and inter-node link relationships in the mine communication network; S640. Based on the key nodes and the link relationships between nodes, a preliminary topology is constructed, and the dual-state transmission characteristics and the pre-equalization delay values ​​are mapped to the preliminary topology to obtain the mine self-maintaining topology map.

[0065] In the layered industrial ring network of smart mines, the core technical challenge is the deterministic latency abrupt change caused by network redundancy switching. For example, the primary and backup links have physically different end-to-end delays, and when the ring network disconnects, the data flow switches from the primary link to the backup link, resulting in a step increase in latency. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the primary short path corresponding to normal ring network operation in the path state, and the backup long path corresponding to the open-loop state after link failure switching. In both states, the same critical service flow, such as the collaborative control command for a multi-drive scraper conveyor, exhibits a fixed difference in transmission characteristics on the primary and backup links, the core of which is the end-to-end transmission delay. Only by obtaining dual-state transmission characteristic data through actual measurement can the difference between the primary path delay and the backup path delay be accurately calculated. This difference is the equalization delay value that needs to be artificially injected into the primary path later. This ensures that when the ring network switches from the primary short path to the backup long path, the total latency of the critical control data flow will not experience a step jitter due to path changes. The critical control data flow can be the collaborative control command for the multi-drive scraper conveyor, or the synchronization control signal between the tunneling machine and the hydraulic support. The synchronization reference of the upper-level automated control system will not be destroyed, the accuracy of the action coordination between devices will be guaranteed, and safety accidents such as equipment loss of synchronization and mechanical interference caused by sudden changes in time delay will be completely avoided.

[0066] In this embodiment, the path state refers to the network health and normal operation of the primary link, where the performance indicators of critical service flows on the primary link are measured. The open-loop state refers to the measurement of the performance indicators of the same service flows on the backup link when the primary link is unavailable or the ring network switches to the backup link. Measuring the performance of service flows under both primary and backup link network states yields complete transmission characteristic data, which is used to ensure constant end-to-end communication latency. Specifically, service flows in the mine communication network are classified and identified according to their latency sensitivity, into deterministic latency service flows, real-time process monitoring flows, and non-real-time management flows. Deterministic latency service flows are control-type services with zero tolerance for latency jitter that directly affect the safety of equipment coordination, such as multi-drive scraper conveyor coordination commands and tunneling machine-support synchronization control signals; real-time process monitoring flows are monitoring-type services that require real-time data transmission but have a high tolerance for latency jitter, such as gas concentration monitoring, underground video monitoring, and equipment status acquisition; non-real-time management flows are office-type services without strict real-time requirements, such as production report uploading, equipment ledger querying, and remote conferencing. Subsequently, based on the mine network topology, primary and backup links were determined for various service flows. When the ring network was in a closed loop state, various mine service flows were transmitted along the primary link, and transmission characteristics such as link transmission delay, node forwarding delay, end-to-end total delay, available bandwidth, and jitter were collected to form closed loop state transmission characteristic data. When the ring network was in an open loop state, the mine service flows were transmitted along the backup link, and corresponding transmission characteristics were collected in the same way to form open loop state transmission characteristic data. Finally, the transmission characteristic data of the same service flow obtained in the closed loop state and the open loop state were combined to obtain bi-state transmission characteristic data, which was used to characterize the transmission performance differences of different service types under different network topology states.

[0067] When the mining service flow is a deterministic delay service flow, based on the dual-state transmission characteristic data, the path state delay dataset and the open-loop state delay dataset of the deterministic delay service flow in the path state are extracted respectively. Subsequently, abnormal delay sample values ​​are removed from the path state delay dataset and the open-loop state delay dataset to eliminate the impact of transient jitter and occasional anomalies on the calculation results, thereby obtaining the first stable delay interval in the path state and the second stable delay interval in the open-loop state respectively. Further, the corresponding maximum delay value is extracted from the first stable delay interval as the deterministic delay service flow in the path state. The first reference delay value in the path state is used, and the maximum delay value corresponding to it is extracted from the second stable delay interval. This maximum delay value is then used as the second reference delay value for the deterministic delay service flow in the open-loop state. Based on this, the difference between the first and second reference delay values ​​is calculated to obtain the delay difference between the deterministic delay service flow in the path state and the open-loop state. Finally, the delay difference is determined as the pre-equalization delay value for the deterministic delay service flow. This pre-equalization delay is used to apply corresponding pre-equalization delay compensation to the deterministic delay service flow in the path state, thereby achieving constant and deterministic end-to-end transmission delay when the network switches from the path state to the open-loop state.

[0068] In a mining communication network, key nodes refer to communication nodes that significantly impact service carrying capacity, path connectivity, and latency stability within the network topology. These include nodes carrying deterministic latency service flows, nodes located at the convergence points of multiple service transmission paths, and nodes switching between primary and backup links. The link relationships between nodes describe the connection methods and transmission paths between communication nodes in the mining communication network, including physical link connections, logical topology relationships, and service carrying relationships. Key nodes in the mining communication network are identified by statistically analyzing the types and quantities of service flows carried by each node, the frequency of node occurrence in service paths, and the latency sensitivity of service flows. For example, nodes such as the main gateway in the underground control room and the core switch in the ground dispatch center can be considered key nodes, carrying the aggregation and forwarding of core services across the entire mine. In practical implementation, key nodes in the mining communication network can be identified based on the types and quantities of service flows carried by each node, the frequency of node occurrence in service paths, and the latency sensitivity of service flows. Furthermore, the link relationships between nodes are determined based on the physical connections, logical communication relationships, and primary and backup link configurations.

[0069] Subsequently, based on the key nodes identified in the mine communication network and the link relationships between nodes, a preliminary topology of the mine communication network is constructed. Specifically, key nodes are used as core nodes in the topology, and ordinary communication nodes are used as subordinate nodes. The connection edges between nodes are determined according to the physical link connections, logical topology relationships, and service carrying relationships, thus forming a preliminary topology reflecting the basic connectivity of the mine communication network. After completing the preliminary topology construction, bi-state transmission characteristic data measured by the mine service flow in both path and open-loop states are mapped onto the preliminary topology. This bi-state transmission characteristic data includes the link transmission delay, node forwarding delay, available bandwidth, and latency fluctuation characteristics of each link and node in both path and open-loop states. Specifically, link-level bi-state transmission characteristic data is bound to the corresponding link edge in the topology, and node-level bi-state transmission characteristic data is bound to the corresponding node in the topology. Furthermore, for links or nodes carrying deterministic delay traffic flows, the pre-equalization delay value calculated based on dual-state transmission characteristic data is mapped to the preliminary topology as a delay compensation parameter for the corresponding node or link, characterizing the delay margin required for pre-compensation under different transmission state switching conditions. Through this method, network structure information, dual-state transmission characteristic information, and pre-equalization delay information are synchronously integrated into the preliminary topology to obtain a mine self-maintaining topology map. The mine self-maintaining topology map can dynamically reflect the transmission capacity and delay characteristics of the mine communication network under different operating states, providing a basis for subsequent service path selection, link switching control, and adaptive delay adjustment, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the mine communication network.

[0070] By using bi-state transmission characteristic data, a preliminary network topology is constructed, and the measured transmission characteristics and calculated pre-equalization delay values ​​are mapped onto this structure. This ultimately generates a self-maintaining mine topology map, which not only intuitively displays the network's connectivity status but also integrates delay performance information and compensation mechanisms for critical service flows under different network states. This provides an intuitive, quantitative, and adaptively compensated basis for achieving deterministic assurance of communication delay.

[0071] In one embodiment of this invention, the delay difference between the deterministic delay service flow in the path state and the open-loop state is calculated based on the dual-state transmission characteristic data, and the delay difference is used as the pre-equalization delay value, including: S710. Based on the dual-state transmission characteristic data, extract the path state delay dataset and the open-loop state delay dataset of the deterministic delay service flow in the path state and the open-loop state, respectively. S720. Perform abnormal delay sampling value removal processing on the path state delay dataset and the open-loop state delay dataset respectively to obtain the first stable delay interval under the path state and the second stable delay interval under the open-loop state. S730. Based on the deterministic delay service flow, the corresponding maximum delay value is extracted from the first stable delay interval and the second stable delay interval, respectively, as the first reference delay value of the deterministic delay service flow in the path state and the second reference delay value in the open-loop state. S740. Perform differential calculation on the first reference delay value and the second reference delay value to obtain the delay difference of the deterministic delay service flow in the path state and the open-loop state; S750, use the delay difference as the pre-equalization delay value for deterministic delay service flows.

[0072] Based on the acquired dual-state transmission characteristic data, delay datasets corresponding to deterministic delay service flows in both the path state and open-loop state are extracted. Specifically, when measuring the transmission characteristics of mining service flows, each delay sampling data is labeled with a corresponding network operation status identifier to distinguish between the path state and the open-loop state; simultaneously, the deterministic delay service flows are identified by service type in the mining network service profile. Based on this, using deterministic delay service flows as the filtering object, delay sampling data matching the service identifier is extracted from the dual-state transmission characteristic data, and the delay sampling data is classified and aggregated according to the network operation status identifier. Specifically, deterministic delay sampling data collected in the path state is constructed into a path state delay dataset, and deterministic delay sampling data collected in the open-loop state is constructed into an open-loop state delay dataset.

[0073] To avoid mistaking occasional abnormal jitter for the network's true latency capability, which could lead to amplification or distortion of the pre-equalization latency value, abnormal latency sample values ​​are removed from both the path-state latency dataset and the open-loop latency dataset to obtain stable latency intervals for the corresponding network operating states. A sliding window stability detection method can be used to identify latency points that "suddenly change within a short period" by leveraging temporal continuity. A sliding window is set on the time series; if the difference between the current sample value and the window mean / median exceeds a threshold, it is considered abnormal. This threshold can be calculated based on the overall distribution characteristics of the sampled data, for example, mean ± standard deviation. In this embodiment, abnormal latency sample values ​​include non-steady-state latency sample values ​​caused by instantaneous network congestion, device scheduling conflicts, or link switching edge effects. After removing abnormal latency sample values, based on the remaining continuously distributed latency sample data, a first stable latency interval for the path-state and a second stable latency interval for the open-loop state are determined, respectively. The first stable delay interval is used to characterize the stable delay distribution range of deterministic delay service flows when the mine communication network is in a pass state, after removing transient fluctuations and abnormal sampled values. It reflects the baseline delay level that the service flow can maintain for a long time under the primary link condition. The second stable delay interval is used to characterize the stable delay distribution range of deterministic delay service flows when the mine communication network is in an open-loop state, after removing link switching transients and abnormal delay sampled values. It reflects the most unfavorable stable delay boundary for the sustainable carrying of the service flow under the backup link condition.

[0074] After obtaining the first and second stable delay intervals, the upper limit of the first stable delay interval is selected as the first reference delay value under the path condition. The upper limit of the stable interval for the first reference delay value = T + Where T is the average delay value; For example, the first stable latency interval [11.76ms, 12.24ms] → first reference latency value = 12.24ms. From the second stable latency interval, the upper limit of the interval is selected as the second reference latency value in the open-loop state. Example: Second stable latency interval [26.64ms, 27.36ms] → second reference latency value = 27.36ms. The maximum latency value of the stable interval is selected instead of the average value to cover the worst latency scenario in this topology state. Even if the primary link experiences a momentary maximum latency, or the backup link experiences a momentary maximum latency, the compensation strategy can still ensure that the total latency remains constant, avoiding latency jitter in extreme scenarios caused by "mean compensation".

[0075] The delay difference between the first and second reference delay values ​​is calculated to obtain the delay difference of the deterministic delay service flow in the path state and the open-loop state. The first reference delay value is the maximum stable delay of the deterministic delay service flow in the path state, and the second reference delay value is the maximum stable delay of the deterministic delay service flow in the open-loop state. The differential calculation can be performed using the formula ΔT = second reference delay value - first reference delay value. The obtained delay difference is subsequently injected into the data flow in the path state as a pre-equalization delay, thereby eliminating the increase in end-to-end delay caused by physical path extension when network topology switching occurs. This achieves end-to-end delay constancy of the deterministic delay service flow under different network states, improving the reliability and real-time performance of the mine communication system.

[0076] The calculated delay difference between the deterministic delay traffic flow in the path state and the open-loop state is used as the pre-equalization delay value. Specifically, the pre-equalization delay value is injected into the deterministic delay traffic flow in the path state to artificially increase the transmission delay of this data flow, making its total end-to-end delay in the path state equal to or close to the total end-to-end delay in the open-loop state. In this way, when the mine communication network undergoes topology switching or link state changes, the pre-equalization delay can offset the delay abrupt changes caused by path extension or increased node forwarding, achieving end-to-end delay constancy of the deterministic delay traffic flow under different network states, thereby ensuring the high reliability, real-time performance, and collaborative control accuracy of critical control traffic flows in the mine communication system.

[0077] By determining the pre-equalization delay value, the delay changes of deterministic delay service flows under different conditions can be accurately quantified, providing key parameters for network delay compensation and equalization optimization, effectively improving the delay stability and service transmission reliability of mining communication networks under complex operating conditions, and ensuring high-quality transmission of critical service flows.

[0078] In one embodiment of this invention, the method further includes: S810. When the mine service flow is a deterministic delay service flow and the mine communication network is in the open loop state, the pre-equalization delay value is applied to the deterministic delay service flow so that the total communication delay in the open loop state is equal to the delay in the open loop state. S820. When the mine business flow is a real-time process monitoring flow and the mine communication network is in the path state, based on the dual-state transmission characteristic data marked by the real-time process monitoring flow, extract the minimum transmission bandwidth threshold and the maximum tolerable delay jitter threshold in the path state and the open-loop state. S830: Assign the real-time process monitoring stream to a high-priority queue and adjust the bandwidth data corresponding to the real-time process monitoring stream to a level higher than the minimum transmission bandwidth threshold. S840, Adjust the queue waiting latency corresponding to the real-time process monitoring stream to be lower than the maximum tolerable latency jitter threshold; S850 assigns non-real-time management flows to low-priority queues and applies traffic shaping policies to ensure that high-priority services are not blocked and to limit the instantaneous traffic occupancy of non-real-time management flows.

[0079] In this embodiment, when the mining service flow is a deterministic latency service flow and the mining communication network is in a passable state, the calculated pre-equalization latency value is applied to the deterministic latency service flow. Specifically, the pre-equalization latency value can be applied to the data flow through software buffering, node queue scheduling, or terminal network card scheduling, so that the total end-to-end communication latency in the passable state is equal to the total end-to-end communication latency in the open-loop state. Through this method, when the mining communication network undergoes topology switching or link state changes, the total end-to-end latency of the deterministic latency service flow can remain constant, thereby ensuring the high reliability, real-time performance, and transparency to the upper-layer collaborative control system of critical control service flows in the mining communication system, and avoiding latency jitter or equipment synchronization problems caused by network switching.

[0080] When the mine's business flow is a real-time process monitoring flow and the mine communication network is in a connected state, based on the dual-state transmission characteristic data labeled by the real-time process monitoring flow, the minimum transmission bandwidth threshold and the maximum tolerable delay jitter threshold are extracted for the business flow in both the connected and open-loop states. Specifically, in this embodiment, the dual-state transmission characteristic data includes the minimum transmission bandwidth threshold and the maximum tolerable delay jitter threshold. The minimum transmission bandwidth threshold is obtained by analyzing the remaining available bandwidth of each path link to obtain the minimum value in each state; the maximum tolerable delay jitter threshold is obtained by statistically analyzing the fluctuation range of the end-to-end delay sampling value. The extracted bandwidth threshold and delay jitter threshold can be used for subsequent network path selection, traffic scheduling, and quality of service assurance, thereby ensuring that the real-time process monitoring flow can maintain reliability and real-time performance under different network states, improving the overall performance, stability, and continuity of monitoring data of the mine communication system.

[0081] Subsequently, the real-time process monitoring stream is assigned to a high-priority queue to ensure its priority forwarding within the mine communication network. Simultaneously, based on the minimum transmission bandwidth threshold extracted from the real-time process monitoring stream in both path-through and open-loop states, the bandwidth corresponding to the real-time process monitoring stream is adjusted to exceed this minimum transmission bandwidth threshold to ensure that it meets real-time and reliability requirements under any network condition. Through these methods, the real-time process monitoring stream can maintain the continuity and stability of end-to-end data transmission under different network topologies, thereby improving the overall performance and data transmission reliability of the mine communication system.

[0082] The queue waiting latency corresponding to the real-time process monitoring stream is adjusted to be below the maximum tolerable latency jitter threshold. Specifically, this can be achieved by scheduling the real-time process monitoring stream in a high-priority queue of the switching node or terminal node, or by controlling its queuing time through a software-defined scheduling mechanism, ensuring that the waiting latency of each data packet within the node remains within a preset tolerable range. Through these measures, even in the event of topology changes or link status fluctuations in the mine communication network, the real-time process monitoring stream can maintain end-to-end latency fluctuations within a controllable range, thereby ensuring the real-time performance and continuity of monitoring data, and improving the overall performance of the mine communication system and the reliability of production process monitoring.

[0083] In the switching or terminal nodes of the mining communication network, non-real-time management flows are identified and allocated to low-priority queues, with priority lower than deterministic latency service flows and real-time process monitoring flows, ensuring priority forwarding of critical service flows. Based on network link capacity and service requirements, rate limits or token bucket mechanisms are set for non-real-time management flows to control instantaneous traffic peaks. Traffic shaping can be achieved through hardware queue scheduling, software control, or SDN flow table rules. For example, the instantaneous traffic of non-real-time management flows can be limited to below 20% of the total bandwidth, ensuring that the remaining bandwidth is used for high-priority services. Network link utilization and queue length are monitored in real time. If low-priority traffic is detected as potentially affecting high-priority flows, its rate can be further reduced or its transmission delayed. Traffic shaping strategies are used to control the transmission rate and bandwidth usage of non-real-time management flows to prevent them from consuming excessive network resources during peak periods, thereby ensuring the stable transmission of high-priority service flows. For example, in a mining communication network, a low-priority non-real-time management flow is used to transmit equipment logs or configuration data. The total network link bandwidth is 100Mbps, while high-priority service flows require at least 80Mbps of bandwidth to ensure real-time performance. By using traffic shaping strategies, the instantaneous traffic of non-real-time management flows is limited to within 20Mbps. Even if the amount of log data suddenly increases, it will not affect the bandwidth allocation and transmission latency of high-priority business flows, thereby ensuring the real-time performance and reliability of the production monitoring system.

[0084] By implementing differentiated optimization measures for different types of mining business flows, interference with high-priority services can be avoided, ensuring the rational allocation and efficient utilization of network resources. This can significantly improve the service carrying capacity and service quality of the mining communication network, ensuring efficient and stable transmission of various business flows in complex network environments and meeting the diverse needs of mining production and operation.

[0085] This application also provides a machine-readable storage medium storing instructions that cause a machine to execute the above-described multi-level zoned industrial ring network management method for smart mines.

[0086] This application also provides an electronic device, including: The memory is configured to store instructions; and The processor is configured to retrieve instructions from memory and, when executing instructions, to implement the aforementioned multi-level partitioned industrial ring network management method for smart mines.

[0087] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0088] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0089] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0090] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0091] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0092] Memory may include non-persistent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0093] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0094] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0095] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-level zoned industrial ring network management method for smart mines, characterized in that, include: Acquire physical topology information, terminal equipment information, and mine service flows in the mine communication network; By combining the physical topology information and terminal equipment information in the mine communication network, the mine network is processed into hierarchical and partitioned structures to obtain the mine network hierarchy and mine network regions. Based on the mine network hierarchy and mine network area, a mine network service profile is constructed using terminal equipment information; Based on the business profile of the mining network, the transmission path of the mining business flow is pre-planned, and the primary links and primary transmission resources are determined. A hierarchical ring network structure for the underground network is constructed by combining the primary link and primary transmission resources, and backup links and backup transmission resources are obtained by configuring link redundancy through the hierarchical ring network structure for the underground network. The transmission characteristics of the primary and backup links in both open-loop and closed-loop states are measured through the mine's business flow, and a mine self-maintenance topology map is generated based on the measurement results. By triggering link self-healing processing through the mine's self-maintained topology map, backup links are determined and the switching of mine business flows is completed, resulting in the business transmission path and transmission resource allocation results after the switch. The mine communication strategy is determined based on the service transmission path and transmission resource allocation results after the switch.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of combining physical topology information and terminal equipment information in the mine communication network to perform hierarchical and partitioning processing on the mine network results in mine network hierarchies and mine network regions, including: The spatial location relationship, link connection relationship and vertical communication structure of the mine communication nodes are obtained through physical topology information, wherein the vertical communication structure includes the surface communication structure and the underground communication structure; Obtain the business function attributes and terminal device type corresponding to each terminal device through terminal device information; Based on the spatial location relationship of the mine communication nodes, surface communication nodes and underground communication nodes are selected, and surface topology and underground topology are constructed respectively through link connection relationship, vertical communication structure, surface communication nodes and underground communication nodes; The location of each terminal device in the aboveground and underground topologies is determined, and the business function attributes and terminal device types are mapped to the aboveground and underground topologies respectively, to obtain the aboveground and underground topology terminal carrying characteristics. By combining the carrying characteristics of surface topology terminals and underground topology terminals, the hierarchical dependency characteristics are determined, and the network hierarchy of mine communication nodes is divided using the hierarchical dependency characteristics to obtain the mine network hierarchy. In the mine network hierarchy, for mine communication nodes at the same level, the communication nodes are partitioned based on their spatial location relationships to obtain the mine network region.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of hierarchical dependency characteristics by combining the bearing characteristics of surface topology terminals and downhole topology terminals includes: The service carrying capacity of surface nodes, the service carrying capacity of underground nodes, and the service flow direction are determined by the carrying characteristics of surface and underground topology terminals, and the comprehensive hierarchical tendency of each mine communication node is calculated. All mine communication nodes are sorted in descending order of comprehensive hierarchical tendency, and the set of upper-level dependent nodes of each node is determined based on the sorting results. Each node is only dependent on nodes with a higher hierarchical tendency than itself. Perform directed cycle detection on the set of upper-level dependent nodes; When a dependency loop exists, the dependency nodes are reallocated, and the dependency node with the closest spatial distance is selected to form a hierarchical dependency diagram; Determine the hierarchical dependency characteristics based on the attached diagram and the hierarchy.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of pre-planning transmission paths for mining service flows based on the mining network service profile, and determining the primary links and primary transmission resources, includes: Determine the type of mining network service based on the mining network service profile; Based on the type of mining network service, select the corresponding path constraint rules from the pre-built mining network service profile library; Constructing a business flow characteristic matrix based on mining network business profiles; Candidate transmission paths are selected from the service flow characteristic matrix using the path constraint rules corresponding to each type of mining network service as constraints. For any candidate transmission path, calculate the total end-to-end delay and available bandwidth; The total end-to-end delay and available bandwidth are standardized to calculate the comprehensive path score. The primary link and primary transmission resources are determined based on the comprehensive path score.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, For any candidate transmission path, calculating the end-to-end total delay and available bandwidth includes: Obtain the path link and node information for each candidate transmission path; The link transmission delay and node forwarding delay of each node in the path link are determined by the node information; The total end-to-end delay is calculated by adding the transmission delays of all links and the forwarding delays of all nodes along the path; The remaining available bandwidth of each path link is obtained through node information, and the minimum value of the remaining available bandwidth is taken as the available bandwidth.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of measuring the transmission characteristics of the primary and backup links in both open-loop and closed-loop states through mine business flow measurements, and generating a mine self-maintaining topology map based on the measurement results, includes: By measuring the transmission characteristics of the primary link and the backup link in both the path state and the open-loop state using the mining business flow, dual-state transmission characteristic data is obtained. The mining business flow includes deterministic delay business flow, real-time process monitoring flow and non-real-time management flow. When the mining service flow is a deterministic delay service flow, the delay difference between the deterministic delay service flow in the path state and the open-loop state is calculated based on the dual-state transmission characteristic data, and the delay difference is used as the pre-equalization delay value; Key nodes and inter-node link relationships in a mining communication network; A preliminary topology is constructed based on key nodes and the link relationships between nodes. The dual-state transmission characteristics and the pre-equalization delay values ​​are then mapped onto the preliminary topology to obtain a mine self-maintaining topology map.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The calculation of the delay difference between the deterministic delay service flow in the path state and the open-loop state based on the dual-state transmission characteristic data, and the use of the delay difference as the pre-equalization delay value, includes: Based on the dual-state transmission characteristic data, the path state delay dataset and the open-loop state delay dataset of the deterministic delay service flow in the path state and open-loop state are extracted respectively. Abnormal delay sample values ​​were removed from the path state delay dataset and the open-loop state delay dataset, respectively, to obtain the first stable delay interval under the path state and the second stable delay interval under the open-loop state. Based on the deterministic latency service flow, the corresponding maximum latency value is extracted from the first stable latency interval and the second stable latency interval, respectively, as the first reference latency value of the deterministic latency service flow in the path state and the second reference latency value in the open-loop state; The difference between the first reference delay value and the second reference delay value is calculated to obtain the delay difference of the deterministic delay service flow in the path state and the open-loop state; The latency difference is used as the pre-equalization latency value for deterministic latency service flows.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the mining service flow is a deterministic delay service flow and the mining communication network is in the open loop state, the pre-equalization delay value is applied to the deterministic delay service flow so that the total communication delay in the open loop state is equal to the delay in the open loop state. When the mining business flow is a real-time process monitoring flow and the mining communication network is in the path state, based on the dual-state transmission characteristic data marked by the real-time process monitoring flow, the minimum transmission bandwidth threshold and the maximum tolerable delay jitter threshold are extracted in the path state and the open-loop state. Assign the real-time process monitoring stream to a high-priority queue and adjust the bandwidth data corresponding to the real-time process monitoring stream to be higher than the minimum transmission bandwidth threshold. Adjust the queue waiting latency corresponding to the real-time process monitoring stream to be lower than the maximum tolerable latency jitter threshold; Non-real-time management flows are assigned to low-priority queues, and traffic shaping strategies are applied to ensure that high-priority services are not blocked and to limit the instantaneous traffic occupancy of non-real-time management flows.

9. A machine-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The machine-readable storage medium stores instructions for causing the machine to execute a multi-level zoned industrial ring network management method for smart mines according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The memory is configured to store instructions; as well as The processor is configured to retrieve the instructions from the memory and, when executing the instructions, to implement a multi-level zoned industrial ring network management method for smart mines according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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