Display panel

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of display driving, and particularly relates to a display panel, which comprises at least one humidity compensation structure, wherein the humidity compensation structure comprises: a temperature-sensitive water storage layer configured to release water vapor when a current ambient temperature reaches a preset threshold; a buffer water storage layer configured to receive and store the water vapor released by the temperature-sensitive water storage layer; and an electrostatic driving layer configured to generate a conduction channel in response to electrostatic charges in the current ambient environment, so that the water vapor stored in the buffer water storage layer is released into the current ambient environment through the conduction channel. Through the synergistic effect of the temperature-sensitive water storage layer, the buffer water storage layer and the electrostatic driving layer, the application actively supplements ambient humidity under high-temperature and low-humidity working conditions, reduces the risk of electrostatic generation and accumulation, and significantly improves the antistatic capability and long-term reliability of an OLED display product in a complex use environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure belongs to the field of display driver technology, and specifically relates to a display panel. Background Technology

[0002] OLED (organic light emitting diode) has become the mainstream technology in the high-end display field due to its excellent characteristics such as self-emission, high contrast, and flexibility. However, the core organic functional layers of OLED, such as the light-emitting layer and hole transport layer, usually have extremely high insulation resistance, which makes them prone to static charge generation due to friction and induction during production, module assembly, and even daily use.

[0003] However, the OLED pixel structure of related technologies lacks conductive paths, and the substrate itself is insulated. The accumulated static charge cannot be discharged in time, which will form a high electric field in a local area. This can easily lead to dielectric breakdown of the organic functional layer or electrode damage, causing pixel dark spots, brightness decay or complete failure, thereby affecting the reliability and lifespan of OLED products.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve electrostatic discharge in the OLED pixel structure has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a display panel that, through the synergistic effect of a temperature-sensitive water storage layer, a buffer water storage layer, and an electrostatic driving layer, actively replenishes the ambient humidity under high temperature and low humidity conditions, reducing the risk of static electricity generation and accumulation, and significantly improving the antistatic capability and long-term reliability of OLED display products in complex usage environments.

[0006] This application provides a display panel, including a display area and a border area surrounding the display area. The display area is provided with at least a first light-emitting unit and a second light-emitting unit arranged at intervals. The border area is provided with at least one humidity compensation structure, the humidity compensation structure including: a temperature-sensitive water storage layer configured to release water vapor when the current ambient temperature reaches a preset threshold; a buffer water storage layer, at least partially covering the temperature-sensitive water storage layer and communicating with the temperature-sensitive water storage layer, configured to receive and store the water vapor released by the temperature-sensitive water storage layer; and an electrostatic driving layer, disposed on the side of the buffer water storage layer away from the temperature-sensitive water storage layer and communicating with the buffer water storage layer, configured to: generate a conductive channel in response to electrostatic charge in the current environment, so that the water vapor stored in the buffer water storage layer is released into the current environment through the conductive channel.

[0007] The technical solution provided in this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0008] This application utilizes a humidity compensation structure, comprised of a temperature-sensitive water storage layer, a buffer water storage layer, and an electrostatic drive layer, within the bezel area surrounding the display area. This structure dynamically adjusts the ambient humidity around the display area, thereby improving electrostatic discharge efficiency. Specifically, the temperature-sensitive water storage layer releases water vapor in response to temperature changes, converting the temperature signal into humidity storage. The buffer water storage layer receives and stores the released water vapor. The electrostatic drive layer generates a conductive channel in response to static charge, controlling the timing and amount of water vapor release. When the screen operates for an extended period, causing a temperature increase and a decrease in ambient humidity, the temperature-sensitive water storage layer releases water vapor into the buffer water storage layer for storage. When static charge accumulates within the display area, the electrostatic drive layer opens the channel, allowing the water vapor stored in the buffer water storage layer to be controllably released into the environment, increasing local humidity and enhancing air conductivity, thereby accelerating charge dissipation and assisting in electrostatic discharge within the display area. Therefore, this application utilizes the synergistic effect of a temperature-sensitive water storage layer, a buffer water storage layer, and an electrostatic driving layer to actively replenish ambient humidity under high temperature and low humidity conditions, thereby reducing the risk of static electricity generation and accumulation and significantly improving the antistatic capability and long-term reliability of OLED display products in complex operating environments. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0010] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the first type of display panel provided by the related technology.

[0011] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the first type of display panel provided in this application embodiment.

[0012] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a humidity compensation structure provided in this application under normal conditions.

[0013] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a humidity compensation structure provided in an embodiment of this application during the temperature triggering stage.

[0014] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a humidity compensation structure provided in this application during the humidity adjustment stage.

[0015] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of water vapor release in a humidity compensation structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 7The diagram shown is a schematic of a humidity compensation structure for internal water vapor absorption provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 8 The figure shown is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a humidity compensation structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 9 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional schematic of the first electrostatic protection structure provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 10 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of a second type of display panel in the related technology.

[0020] Figure 11 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of a second type of display panel provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 12 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the second electrostatic protection structure provided in this application embodiment.

[0022] Figure 13 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the third electrostatic protection structure provided in this application embodiment.

[0023] Figure 14 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the fourth electrostatic protection structure provided in this application embodiment.

[0024] Figure 15 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of a third type of display panel provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 16 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of an electrostatic protection structure provided in this application during the water vapor accumulation stage.

[0026] Figure 17 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of an electrostatic protection structure provided in this application during the electrostatic triggering stage.

[0027] Figure 18 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of an electrostatic protection structure provided in this application during the channel formation stage.

[0028] Figure 19 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of an electrostatic protection structure provided in this application during the electrostatic discharge stage.

[0029] Figure 20 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of an electrostatic protection structure in the recovery process according to an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0031] 10. Display panel.

[0032] 100. Humidity compensation structure; 110. Temperature-sensitive water storage layer; 120. Buffer water storage layer; 130. Electrostatic drive layer.

[0033] 200. Substrate.

[0034] 300. Encapsulation structure; 310. First inorganic encapsulation layer; 320. Water storage encapsulation layer; 330. Organic encapsulation layer; 340. Second inorganic encapsulation layer.

[0035] 400, Barrier Layer.

[0036] 500, Light-emitting unit; 510, First light-emitting unit; 511, First anode; 512, First light-emitting layer; 513, First cathode; 520, Second light-emitting unit; 521, Second anode; 522, Second light-emitting layer; 523, Second cathode; 530, Isolation column.

[0037] 600. Electrostatic protection structure; 610. First conductive layer; 611. First protrusion structure; 620. Catalytic functional layer; 621. Insulating layer; 622. First catalytic part; 623. Second catalytic part; 630. Second conductive layer; 631. Second protrusion structure; 640. Support layer; 650. Covering layer; 660. Grounding electrode; 670. Water storage component; 671. First water storage element; 672. Second water storage element; 680. Electrostatic drive component; 681. First drive element; 682. Second drive element; 690. First insulating layer; 6100. Second insulating layer.

[0038] 700, Full-surface cathode. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided to make this application more comprehensive and complete, and to fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art.

[0040] Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Numerous specific details are provided in the following description to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the technical solutions of this application can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, apparatuses, steps, etc., can be employed. In other instances, well-known methods, apparatuses, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring various aspects of this application.

[0041] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the technical features involved in the various embodiments described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0042] The pixel structure of an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) typically includes an anode, an organic light-emitting functional layer, and a cathode. The organic light-emitting layer and its associated hole and electron transport layers are mostly made of high-resistivity insulating organic materials. This material characteristic makes OLED devices highly susceptible to static charge accumulation within the pixels due to friction or induction during manufacturing, handling, and end-use. Because the pixel display area lacks an inherent conductive discharge path, and the substrate (such as glass or polyimide) itself is insulating, the accumulated static charge cannot be eliminated promptly, easily forming extremely high electric field strengths in localized areas. This electric field may exceed the dielectric strength of the organic functional layer, triggering dielectric breakdown and permanently damaging the light-emitting layer or electrodes. This manifests as pixel dark spots, brightness decay, or overall failure, severely compromising the reliability and lifespan of the display product.

[0043] The inventors of this application have discovered that organic materials have poor chemical stability. Under low temperature or dry conditions, the molecular chains are more regularly arranged, insulation is further enhanced, and charge separation (such as interfacial friction) is more difficult to dissipate, significantly reducing the electrostatic accumulation threshold (typically, the electrostatic withstand voltage of OLEDs is only 50~200V, far lower than the 500~1000V of LCDs). However, in the OLED thin-film encapsulation of related technologies, the encapsulation structure generally uses vacuum deposition or inkjet printing to prepare the barrier layer and buffer layer. Figure 1 As shown, the encapsulation structure prepared in the existing OLED encapsulation process includes inorganic and organic layers. Encapsulation is achieved through the stacking of several layers. Generally, the inorganic layer is prepared using vacuum deposition, and the organic layer is prepared using inkjet printing. Because there are gaps between inkjet printer nozzles, the organic layer after inkjet printing is typically laid flat within the device using a static leveling method to form a complete encapsulation. The structure used to block ink flow is generally called the barrier layer 400, and multiple barrier structure groups are commonly used in existing designs. For a typical encapsulation structure, the encapsulation layers above the organic light-emitting layer are, in sequence: SiNO insulating film (1~2µm), acrylic / resin-based organic encapsulation layer (10~30µm), and SiNx (2µm). That is, a three-layer encapsulation structure—a first inorganic encapsulation layer, an organic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer—is typically used above the cathode of the light-emitting unit 500.

[0044] In their in-depth research on the electrostatic damage problem of OLEDs, the inventors of this application further discovered that changes in ambient humidity during screen use are a key factor affecting electrostatic risk, a factor often overlooked in related technologies. Specifically, the generation of static electricity in display panels (including OLEDs and LCDs) is essentially a result of the charge separation rate exceeding the charge dissipation rate. Ambient humidity is the core variable determining charge dissipation efficiency; that is, in dry environments, air has strong insulation properties, making it difficult for charges to be conducted away and easily accumulating to form static electricity; in humid environments, water vapor increases air conductivity, accelerating charge dissipation.

[0045] Temperature indirectly influences static electricity trends by affecting humidity. According to the principle of saturated vapor pressure, when the ambient temperature rises without active humidity control, the relative humidity of the air will decrease significantly. For example, air with a relative humidity of 50% at 25°C can drop below 30% when heated to 35°C. This phenomenon is common in actual display screen usage scenarios: prolonged screen operation leads to localized temperature increases, causing moisture in the surrounding environment to evaporate, creating a high-temperature, low-humidity environment. In this case, high temperature leads to low humidity, which in turn increases the air's insulation, hindering charge dissipation and making static electricity more likely to be generated and accumulate, drastically increasing the risk of static damage. Conversely, if the ambient temperature rises but the humidity increases simultaneously (such as in a constant temperature and humidity environment in a production workshop), the air's conductivity does not decrease, and the charge can dissipate normally. High temperature itself will not significantly increase the risk of static electricity, and may even assist in charge dissipation due to the reduced material resistance.

[0046] Based on the above research findings, the inventors of this application recognize that, given the inability to change screen heating, actively adjusting the ambient humidity around the display area and supplementing moisture to increase air conductivity under high temperature and low humidity conditions can fundamentally reduce the risk of static electricity generation and accumulation. Therefore, this application provides a display panel, specifically including the following embodiments:

[0047] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the first type of display panel 10 provided in this application embodiment; as shown Figure 2As shown, the display panel 10 of this embodiment includes a display area and a border area surrounding the display area. The display area is provided with at least a first light-emitting unit 510 and a second light-emitting unit 520 arranged at intervals. The border area is provided with at least one humidity compensation structure 100, which is used to actively adjust the ambient humidity around the display area under high temperature and low humidity conditions to assist in static discharge. It should also be noted that the display area is provided with multiple light-emitting units, and there are gaps between adjacent light-emitting units. In a typical RGB pixel arrangement display panel 10, the first light-emitting unit 510 can be any of the red, green, and blue sub-pixels, and the second light-emitting unit 520 is another sub-pixel with a different color from the first light-emitting unit 510. The humidity compensation structure 100 of this embodiment can be a structural unit arranged around the entire border area, or it can be multiple structural units arranged at intervals in the border area, which can be adaptively set according to the layout scenario of the display panel 10.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the humidity compensation structure 100 of this embodiment includes a temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110, configured to release water vapor when the current ambient temperature reaches a preset threshold. It should be noted that the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 is composed of a functional material with temperature-responsive properties, such as a water-based temperature-sensitive hydrogel, whose temperature sensitivity originates from the critical dissolution temperature (LCST) of the polymer chain. Near the critical dissolution temperature, the material undergoes reversible and drastic volume changes between a swollen gel state and a contracted dehydrated state, specifically including:

[0049] (1) Thermo-shrinkable hydrogel (releases water)

[0050] ① Representative material: poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and its copolymers.

[0051] ② Working principle: As mentioned above, based on the volume phase change at the critical dissolution temperature, it undergoes a violent contraction and releases water when the temperature is increased (e.g., from room temperature to 40°C or adjusted to a higher temperature); by copolymerizing with other monomers, its LCST can be precisely adjusted.

[0052] (2) Thermally liquefied hydrogel (releasing the solvent in the gel)

[0053] ① Representative materials: thermosensitive gelatin or specific block copolymers.

[0054] ② Working principle: The polymer network of this type of gel is temperature-dependent. When the temperature is increased (such as from room temperature to 40°C or adjusted to a higher temperature), the physical effects that maintain the gel structure (such as hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic microregions) are destroyed, causing the entire gel network to disintegrate and change from solid to liquid, thereby releasing all the substances contained therein (including solvents and other loads). Similarly, the LCST temperature can be made to reach the required temperature by changing the internal composition.

[0055] In this embodiment, when the current ambient temperature reaches a preset threshold, the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 undergoes a phase change in response to the temperature rise, releasing the water vapor it stores. The preset threshold can be set to 35℃~45℃, or it can be adjusted by copolymerization according to the product usage scenario. Moreover, the preset threshold corresponds to the high-temperature operating conditions that the display panel 10 may encounter in actual use, ensuring that water vapor release is only triggered when humidity compensation is required.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the humidity compensation structure 100 of this embodiment also includes a buffer water storage layer 120, which at least partially covers the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 and is connected to the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110. It is configured to receive and store water vapor released by the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110. It should be noted that the buffer water storage layer 120 is made of a hydrophobic polymer material with a microporous structure, such as microporous polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), etc. Its micropore size is preferably 0.1~2.0 μm, allowing water vapor molecules to pass through and be stored, but blocking liquid water. The main function of the buffer water storage layer 120 in this embodiment is to achieve temporal decoupling between temperature triggering and electrostatic triggering: after the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 releases water vapor in response to temperature changes, the water vapor is not immediately released into the environment, but is first stored in the buffer water storage layer 120; when an electrostatic event occurs, the release is controlled by the electrostatic driving layer 130, thereby ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of humidity compensation.

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, the humidity compensation structure 100 of this embodiment also includes an electrostatic drive layer 130, which is disposed on the side of the buffer water storage layer 120 away from the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 and is connected to the buffer water storage layer 120. It is configured to generate a conductive channel in response to the static charge in the current environment, so that the water vapor stored in the buffer water storage layer 120 is released into the current environment through the conductive channel.

[0058] It should be noted that the electrostatic driving layer 130 in this embodiment is made of a dielectric elastomer material, such as silicone rubber, acrylic elastomer, or polyurethane (TPU), which has the characteristic of undergoing reversible deformation under the action of an electric field. Specifically, when the static charge accumulated in the display area establishes a potential difference on the surface of the electrostatic driving layer 130, the electrostatic force causes the dielectric elastomer to deform, forming or opening a conductive channel through which water vapor can pass. After the conductive channel is formed, the water vapor stored in the buffer water storage layer 120 is released into the current environment through the channel, increasing the ambient humidity around the display area, thereby helping to improve the electrostatic discharge efficiency in the display area.

[0059] The humidity compensation structure 100 provided in this embodiment achieves dynamic adjustment of the humidity of the surrounding environment of the display area through the synergistic effect of the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110, the buffer water storage layer 120, and the electrostatic drive layer 130; here, combined with Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The working principle of the humidity compensation structure 100 in this embodiment is explained as follows:

[0060] (1) Normal Stage: When the display panel 10 is not in use or the temperature is low, the ambient humidity is at a normal level. At this time, such as Figure 3 As shown, the temperature-sensitive hydrogel material in the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 is in a polymerized gel state, with water trapped within the gel network; the microporous structure of the buffer water storage layer 120 stores a certain amount of water vapor (from permeation through the encapsulation layer or absorption from the environment); the electrostatic driving layer 130 is in a closed state with no conductive channels formed, and the humidity compensation structure 100 is in a standby state; among them, Figure 3 The hollow circles in the diagram represent microporous structures.

[0061] (2) Temperature Triggering Stage: When the screen temperature rises due to prolonged use, especially when the temperature around the driver IC rises to a preset threshold, the temperature-sensitive hydrogel material in the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 reaches its critical dissolution temperature and undergoes a phase change, that is, it hydrolyzes from a polymeric gel state to a solution state, releasing the water it binds. At this time, the released water vapor enters the buffer water storage layer 120 connected to it under the drive of the concentration difference, and is adsorbed and stored by the microporous structure of the buffer water storage layer 120, such as... Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The gray circles in the diagram represent microporous structures filled with water vapor. The humidity within the buffer water storage layer 120 can reach over 70%, forming a temporary water vapor reservoir. This stage achieves the conversion from temperature rise to water vapor storage, thus transforming the temperature signal into humidity storage.

[0062] (3) Electrostatic Triggering and Humidity Regulation Stage: When static charge accumulates in the display area due to friction or induction, the static charge establishes a potential difference on the surface of the electrostatic driving layer 130. Under the action of electrostatic force, the dielectric elastomer material in the electrostatic driving layer 130 deforms, and the originally closed microporous structure is transformed into open pores, forming a conductive channel that allows water vapor to pass through, such as... Figure 5 As shown; next, based on the relationship between the current ambient humidity and the internal humidity, the following two adjustment modes will be automatically executed:

[0063] ① Mode 1 (External humidity < Internal humidity): Water vapor is released, increasing ambient humidity.

[0064] like Figure 6 As shown, when the ambient humidity is lower than the internal humidity of the buffer water storage layer 120, the water vapor stored in the buffer water storage layer 120 is released into the external environment through the conductive channel opened by the electrostatic driving layer 130 under the drive of the humidity gradient. The released water vapor increases the local humidity around the display area, improves the conductivity of the air, and accelerates the dissipation of charge, thereby assisting the electrostatic discharge in the display area and preventing the charge from being unable to be discharged in time due to excessively low humidity.

[0065] ② Mode 2 (External humidity ≥ Internal humidity): Moisture is absorbed internally; store for later use.

[0066] like Figure 7 As shown, when the ambient humidity reaches or exceeds the internal humidity of the buffer water storage layer 120, the ambient environment itself already possesses sufficient air conductivity, eliminating the need for additional humidity compensation. In this case, if the electrostatic drive layer 130 is opened, water vapor may instead flow from the high-humidity ambient environment into the buffer water storage layer 120 and be absorbed and stored; alternatively, the electrostatic drive layer 130 may remain closed, preventing internal water vapor leakage. In this mode, the humidity compensation structure 100 acts as a humidity balancer, preventing over-humidification and absorbing excess water vapor for subsequent recycling.

[0067] (4) Reversible Cycle: When the static electricity dissipates, the potential difference between the two sides of the electrostatic driving layer 130 disappears, and the dielectric elastomer recovers its deformation through its own elasticity, closing the conductive channel. When the screen temperature drops below the phase transition temperature of the temperature-sensitive hydrogel, the hydrogel material can reabsorb water vapor from the environment or draw water vapor back from the buffer water storage layer 120, returning to the polymerized gel state and waiting for the next temperature trigger. This forms a complete reversible cycle of temperature-triggered water storage → electrostatic trigger release → humidity regulation → automatic recovery.

[0068] In summary, this application achieves improved electrostatic discharge efficiency by setting a humidity compensation structure 100, composed of a temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110, a buffer water storage layer 120, and an electrostatic drive layer 130, within the bezel area surrounding the display area. Specifically, the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 releases water vapor in response to temperature changes, converting the temperature signal into humidity storage; the buffer water storage layer 120 receives and stores the released water vapor; and the electrostatic drive layer 130 generates a conductive channel in response to static charge, controlling the timing and amount of water vapor release. When the screen operates for an extended period, causing a temperature increase and a decrease in surrounding humidity, the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 releases water vapor into the buffer water storage layer 120 for storage. When static charge accumulates within the display area, the electrostatic drive layer 130 opens the channel, allowing the water vapor stored in the buffer water storage layer 120 to be controllably released into the environment, increasing local humidity and improving air conductivity, thereby accelerating charge dissipation and assisting in electrostatic discharge within the display area. Therefore, this application utilizes the synergistic effect of the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110, the buffer water storage layer 120, and the electrostatic driving layer 130 to actively replenish the ambient humidity under high temperature and low humidity conditions, thereby reducing the risk of static electricity generation and accumulation and significantly improving the antistatic capability and long-term reliability of OLED display products in complex operating environments.

[0069] like Figure 2 As shown, the humidity compensation structure 100 proposed in this embodiment is disposed in the peripheral area of ​​the display area encapsulation structure 300. This humidity compensation structure 100 is composed of a temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110, a buffer water storage layer 120, and an electrostatic drive layer 130, with specific structural parameters as follows:

[0070] (1) Overall Layout: The humidity compensation structure 100 is located within the bezel area, maintaining a distance of more than 100μm from the outermost isolation pillar of the packaging structure 300 to avoid mutual interference. This structure is approximately 50~100μm from the edge of the substrate 200, which can be adjusted according to the actual bezel width. The total width of the humidity compensation structure 100 (i.e., the maximum width of the buffer water storage layer 120) is controlled within the range of 200~500μm to adapt to the bezel design requirements of different display panels 10. In terms of layout, the humidity compensation structure 100 can be presented in two ways: one is a closed-loop continuous type, that is, forming a complete ring structure around the display area; the other is an intermittent arrangement, that is, setting multiple discrete compensation units only in specific areas (such as the high-temperature area corresponding to the driver chip position). Both methods can realize the humidity compensation function and can be selected according to product design and process requirements.

[0071] (2) Dimensions of each functional layer: The temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 is made of temperature-sensitive hydrogel material, with a height of approximately 1~1.5 mm to ensure sufficient water vapor storage capacity. The temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 is disposed inside or covered by the buffer water storage layer 120, and the specific configuration can be selected according to the layout of the substrate 200. The buffer water storage layer 120 is made of microporous polymer material (such as microporous polyethylene), with a film thickness of approximately 3000~5000 angstroms. The buffer water storage layer 120 at least partially covers the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110, forming a water vapor transport path, and forming a contact interface between the humidity compensation structure 100 and the external environment on the outermost side of the structure. The electrostatic driving layer 130 is made of dielectric elastomer material, with a thickness of approximately 1 μm. The electrostatic driving layer 130 is disposed on the side of the buffer water storage layer 120 away from the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 and is connected to the buffer water storage layer 120, used to control water vapor release in response to electrostatic charge.

[0072] Through the above-mentioned size design and layout, the humidity compensation structure 100 achieves complete functional integration of temperature response, water vapor storage and electrostatic trigger release within a limited frame space.

[0073] In one embodiment of this example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the display panel 10 also includes a substrate 200; a temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 is disposed on the substrate 200, and a buffer water storage layer 120 covers the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110; specifically, the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 is made of a temperature-sensitive hydrogel material (such as poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)) to form an island-like structure; the buffer water storage layer 120 is made of a microporous polymer material (such as microporous polyethylene) and covers the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 from above and sides, so that the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 is embedded inside the buffer water storage layer 120. In this spatial configuration of the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 and the buffer water storage layer 120, the buffer water storage layer 120 and the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 form a three-sided contact, with a large contact area and a short water vapor transport path. When the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 releases water vapor in response to temperature changes, the water vapor can directly enter the surrounding buffer water storage layer 120 and be adsorbed and stored, resulting in high transport efficiency.

[0074] In another embodiment of this example, such as Figure 8As shown, a buffer water storage layer 120 is disposed on the substrate 200, and a temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 is disposed inside the buffer water storage layer 120. Specifically, the buffer water storage layer 120 is directly disposed above the substrate 200, forming a substrate structure; the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 is disposed inside the buffer water storage layer 120, that is, the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 is completely enclosed by the buffer water storage layer 120 material. In this spatial configuration, the buffer water storage layer 120 serves as the supporting substrate, and the temperature-sensitive water storage layers 110 are dispersed within it. Water vapor released by the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 must first enter the surrounding buffer water storage layer 120 material, and then be transported through the buffer water storage layer 120. Although the transport path is slightly longer, the overall structure is more compact, and the size and distribution of the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 can be adjusted more flexibly.

[0075] In summary, both spatial configurations of the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 and the buffer water storage layer 120 achieve connectivity between them, ensuring that the water vapor released from the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 can be effectively received and stored by the buffer water storage layer 120. Simultaneously, the covering or enveloping of the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 by the buffer water storage layer 120 creates a stable transport channel for water vapor between the two layers, providing a structural basis for the subsequent controlled release by the electrostatic drive layer 130.

[0076] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the display panel 10 in this embodiment also includes an encapsulation structure 300 covering the first light-emitting unit 510 and the second light-emitting unit 520, and the encapsulation structure 300 is stacked sequentially from bottom to top:

[0077] (1) First inorganic encapsulation layer 310: It is formed by deposition of SiNx or SiNO material through PECVD or ALD process, with a thickness of about 1~2μm, as the bottom water and oxygen barrier;

[0078] (2) Water storage encapsulation layer 320: disposed above the first inorganic encapsulation layer 310, made of microporous polymer material (such as microporous polyethylene), with a thickness of about 3000~5000 angstroms;

[0079] (3) Organic encapsulation layer 330: disposed above the water storage encapsulation layer 320, made of acrylic or resin material, formed by inkjet printing process, with a thickness of about 10~30μm;

[0080] (4) Second inorganic encapsulation layer 340: formed by deposition of SiNx material, with a thickness of about 2μm, serving as the top water and oxygen barrier.

[0081] It should be noted that the horizontal width of the water storage encapsulation layer 320 is greater than the horizontal width of the organic encapsulation layer 330. Specifically, the water storage encapsulation layer 320 extends approximately 100-200 μm beyond the edge of the organic encapsulation layer 330. This width difference causes the water storage encapsulation layer 320 to form a ring-shaped extension around the organic encapsulation layer 330, covering the top portion of the outermost barrier structure. The main function of the water storage encapsulation layer 320 in this embodiment is:

[0082] (1) Barrier function in the process: When the organic encapsulation layer 330 is formed by inkjet printing, the ink material needs to be leveled and spread. The width of the water-retaining encapsulation layer 320 is greater than that of the organic encapsulation layer 330, and its extended area can effectively block the ink material from flowing outward, preventing the ink from contacting and damaging the underlying first inorganic encapsulation layer 310. At the same time, the microporous structure of the water-retaining encapsulation layer 320 can absorb solvent molecules that may penetrate, preventing the solvent from eroding the inorganic layer downward, thereby significantly improving the yield of the encapsulation process.

[0083] (2) Water storage function during use: During long-term use of the display panel 10, external moisture may penetrate through the second inorganic encapsulation layer 340 or seep into the organic encapsulation layer 330 from the edge. The microporous structure of the water storage encapsulation layer 320 can adsorb and store this infiltrated moisture, fixing it inside the micropores and preventing the moisture from continuing to diffuse downwards and affecting the first inorganic encapsulation layer 310 and the organic light-emitting layer below. This water storage function not only improves the overall moisture barrier capability of the encapsulation structure 300, but also provides a stable source of moisture for the humidity compensation structure 100. That is, when the temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110 releases moisture in response to temperature changes, the moisture stored in the water storage encapsulation layer 320 can be used as a supplement.

[0084] In summary, by introducing a water-storing encapsulation layer 320 with a width greater than that of the organic encapsulation layer 330 into the conventional three-layer encapsulation structure 300, this embodiment not only effectively blocks inkjet printing solvents during the manufacturing process, protecting the lower inorganic encapsulation layer and improving the process yield, but also stores permeated water vapor during use, enhancing the water vapor barrier capability of the encapsulation structure 300 and providing water vapor reserves for humidity compensation, thereby improving the overall reliability and service life of the display panel 10.

[0085] To further improve electrostatic discharge in OLED pixel structures, this application also provides an electrostatic protection structure, specifically including the following embodiments:

[0086] Figure 9 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the first electrostatic protection structure 600 provided in this application embodiment; as shown... Figure 9As shown, the electrostatic protection structure 600 of this embodiment is applied to the display panel 10. The display panel 10 includes at least a first light-emitting unit 510 and a second light-emitting unit 520 arranged adjacent to each other. The first light-emitting unit 510 includes a first anode 511, a first light-emitting layer 512 and a first cathode 513; the second light-emitting unit 520 includes a second anode 521, a second light-emitting layer 522 and a second cathode 523.

[0087] An electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection structure 600 is disposed between the first light-emitting unit 510 and the second light-emitting unit 520. Specifically, in a typical RGB pixel arrangement display panel 10, the first light-emitting unit 510 can be any of the red, green, and blue sub-pixels, and the second light-emitting unit 520 is another sub-pixel with a different color from the first light-emitting unit 510; that is, the ESD protection structure 600 is located, for example, in the gap area between the red and green sub-pixels; however, this gap area is usually occupied by organic isolation pillars 530, such as... Figure 10 As shown, a common flexible OLED display structure includes a light-emitting layer and a full-surface cathode 700 above the anode, with organic isolation pillars 530 separating the anodes. Above the cathode, an encapsulation structure 300 is formed by a first inorganic encapsulation layer 310 + an organic encapsulation layer 330 + a second inorganic encapsulation layer 340. However, in this application, the electrostatic discharge protection structure 600 of this embodiment can replace the organic isolation pillars 530, or as shown... Figure 11 As shown, it is integrated in the organic isolation column 530.

[0088] like Figure 9 As shown, the electrostatic protection structure 600 of this embodiment includes a first conductive layer 610 and a second conductive layer 630; wherein, the first conductive layer 610 is electrically connected to the first light-emitting unit 510 and is configured to collect the static charge in the first light-emitting unit 510; the second conductive layer 630 is electrically connected to the second light-emitting unit 520 and is configured to collect the static charge in the second light-emitting unit 520.

[0089] It should be noted that the first conductive layer 610 and the second conductive layer 630 are key components for collecting and conducting static charges. They can adopt a specific double-layer metal structure, consisting of a low work function metal inner layer (such as magnesium, Mg) directly facing the light-emitting unit and a protective / high conductivity metal outer layer (such as zinc-aluminum alloy, Zn:Al) covering it.

[0090] It is worth noting that the work function of a metal is a physical quantity that characterizes the ease with which electrons escape from its interior. The lower the work function, the easier it is for electrons to leave the metal surface. Magnesium (Mg), with a work function of approximately 3.7 eV, was chosen as the inner layer because its work function value is close to the electron affinity of the OLED organic light-emitting functional material. This energy level matching can form a smooth electron injection or extraction channel at the interface between the two. Therefore, under normal display driving voltage, the presence of this metal layer will not introduce a significant additional energy barrier at the pixel edge, thus ensuring that the carrier injection efficiency in the edge region of the light-emitting unit is consistent with that in the central region, avoiding the possible decrease in luminous efficiency or uneven brightness caused by the introduction of conductive structures.

[0091] In addition, the protective metal layer covering the low work function metal layer can be used as a passivation layer to effectively isolate oxygen and water vapor, prevent the low work function metal (such as Mg) in the inner layer from being oxidized in subsequent processes or device operation, and ensure the long-term stability of its electrical performance. Furthermore, the protective metal layer can also serve as a high-efficiency current collector, utilizing its excellent conductivity to rapidly diffuse the local static charge collected by the inner metal layer laterally to the effective area of ​​the entire conductive layer, providing a uniform charge distribution for subsequent discharge through the catalytic functional layer 620.

[0092] The electrical connection between the first conductive layer 610 and the first light-emitting unit 510, and the electrical connection between the second conductive layer 630 and the second light-emitting unit 520 in this embodiment, can be an edge-free electrical coupling. Specifically, the end of the conductive layer maintains a very small preset distance (e.g., 300-500 angstroms, or 30-50 nanometers) from the lateral edge of the organic light-emitting layer of the corresponding light-emitting unit, and avoids direct metallic contact with the anode or cathode of the light-emitting unit. For the DC or low-frequency driving signals required for normal OLED operation, this non-contact electrical coupling constitutes a high-resistivity state, achieving effective DC isolation between the protective structure and the internal driving circuit of the pixel, and completely eliminating leakage current paths. However, for transient, high-voltage events such as electrostatic discharge (ESD), this distance is small enough to allow quantum tunneling or field emission to occur, enabling electrostatic charges to efficiently cross the gap and be collected by the conductive layer. This design ensures that the structure only responds to electrostatic discharge and does not interfere with normal display.

[0093] In this embodiment, the total thickness of the first conductive layer 610 or the second conductive layer 630 (including the double-layer structure) is controlled within the range of approximately 500 to 1000 angstroms (50 to 100 nanometers). This thickness range ensures the continuity of the thin film, low resistivity, and good process controllability, while avoiding stress and integration difficulties caused by excessive thickness.

[0094] like Figure 9As shown, the electrostatic protection structure 600 of this embodiment further includes a catalytic functional layer 620 disposed between the first conductive layer 610 and the second conductive layer 630, and the first conductive layer 610, the catalytic functional layer 620 and the second conductive layer 630 are stacked sequentially; wherein, the catalytic functional layer 620 is configured to catalytically release the electrostatic charge on the first conductive layer 610 and / or the second conductive layer 630, and to adsorb water and oxygen molecules in the environment.

[0095] It should be noted that the catalytic functional layer 620 is located between the first conductive layer 610 and the second conductive layer 630, and is a medium layer for realizing electrostatic energy conversion and environmental protection. The catalytic functional layer 620 contains a material with specific charge transport characteristics (which can be called an electrostatic catalytic material). When the two conductive layers establish a potential difference due to the collection of static charge, the strong electric field formed between the layers will significantly change the charge transport behavior inside or at the interface of the functional layer. This is achieved by enhancing ion conductivity, promoting defect-assisted tunneling, or reducing the charge injection barrier, thereby providing a discharge channel for the accumulated static charge and dissipating the electrostatic potential energy.

[0096] Meanwhile, the material of the catalytic functional layer 620 in this embodiment (such as a specific metal oxide or metal-organic framework material MOFs) has a high specific surface area and surface active sites (such as unsaturated metal ions and oxygen vacancies), enabling it to adsorb water molecules (H2O) and oxygen (O2) from the environment. More importantly, under the local strong electric field or micro-energy excitation generated during the electrostatic discharge process, the adsorbed water and oxygen molecules may be further polarized, activated, or even undergo dissociation reactions (such as H2O → H2O). + +OH - Thus, it can be more stably fixed or transformed into harmless substances, thereby achieving a synergistic effect of using electrostatic energy to enhance protection.

[0097] The working principle of the electrostatic protection structure 600 in this embodiment is explained below:

[0098] 1. Electrostatic Collection: When the first light-emitting unit 510 and / or the second light-emitting unit 520 accumulate static charge due to external factors, the static charge will be guided and collected onto the first conductive layer 610 and / or the second conductive layer 630, respectively. The electrical connection is preferably achieved through field emission or tunneling effect through nanoscale gaps, ensuring effective collection of transient high-voltage static electricity while maintaining DC isolation from the normal display circuit.

[0099] 2. Static Electricity Dissipation: The static charge on the first conductive layer 610 and the second conductive layer 630 will place the catalytic functional layer 620, which is in physical contact with them, in a charged environment. Specifically:

[0100] (1) When the static charge is mainly present in a single conductive layer (such as the first conductive layer 610): the charge accumulated on the surface of the conductive layer will generate a local electric field at the interface between it and the catalytic functional layer 620. This electric field can activate the electrostatic catalytic properties of the material in the contact area of ​​the catalytic functional layer 620 with the conductive layer, and achieve direct dissipation of the static charge on the side by promoting the injection of charge into the interior of the catalytic layer, being captured by deep traps or undergoing interface charge recombination.

[0101] (2) When both conductive layers collect static charge and a potential difference exists: a transverse electric field will be established between them, which runs through the entire catalytic functional layer 620. This transverse electric field will globally enhance the charge transport activity of the catalytic functional layer 620. On the one hand, it accelerates the charge dissipation process at the interface mentioned above; on the other hand, when the potential difference is large enough, it may cause a sharp increase in the conductivity of specific paths (such as defect channels or designed high-field regions) inside the catalytic functional layer 620, or even cause controllable dielectric relaxation or soft breakdown, thereby providing an efficient transverse discharge channel for charge between the two conductive layers and achieving rapid charge neutralization.

[0102] (3) When the potentials of the two conductive layers are similar: Although the transverse electric field is weak, as before, the vertical local electric field at the interface between the catalytic functional layer 620 and its respective conductive layer still exists and can independently drive the charge dissipation process at the interface. Therefore, the catalytic functional layer 620 can still dissipate the static charge on both sides synchronously and independently through its contact interface with the two conductive layers.

[0103] 3. Water and Oxygen Adsorption: Throughout the process, the catalytic functional layer 620 continuously adsorbs and transforms water and oxygen molecules (H2O, O2) from the environment. The active sites on its surface strongly adsorb water and oxygen molecules that penetrate to this layer. Specifically, during electrostatic dissipation, both the local electric field at the interface and the transverse electric field between layers polarize and activate the adsorbed water and oxygen molecules, weakening their chemical bonds. This not only enhances adsorption stability but also provides an opportunity to catalyze dissociation or redox reactions, transforming them into harmless or stable substances. In other words, the electrical energy involved in the electrostatic discharge process is partially converted into energy driving the chemical transformation of harmful substances, achieving a synergistic enhancement of the protective function.

[0104] In summary, this application provides a dedicated discharge channel across pixels for static charges accumulated within adjacent light-emitting units by setting an electrostatic protection structure 600 composed of a first conductive layer 610, a second conductive layer 630, and a catalytic functional layer 620 stacked sequentially between adjacent light-emitting units, thereby reducing the risk of electrostatic breakdown. Furthermore, through the material design of the catalytic functional layer 620, this application enables it to actively adsorb and convert water vapor and oxygen in the environment while dissipating static charges, thereby delaying the aging of organic functional materials. Therefore, through the synergistic effect of the first conductive layer 610, the second conductive layer 630, and the dual-function catalytic functional layer 620, this application achieves efficient electrostatic protection while significantly enhancing the environmental stability of the device, thereby improving the reliability and lifespan of OLED display products.

[0105] like Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the catalytic functional layer 620 of this embodiment includes: an insulating layer 621, a first catalytic portion 622, and a second catalytic portion 623; specifically, the insulating layer 621 has a first side and a second side disposed opposite to each other, the first catalytic portion 622 is disposed on the first side of the insulating layer 621 and is in contact with the first conductive layer 610 and insulated from the first light-emitting unit 510; the second catalytic portion 623 is disposed on the second side of the insulating layer 621, is in contact with the second conductive layer 630 and insulated from the second light-emitting unit 520; wherein, the first catalytic portion 622 and the second catalytic portion 623 contain electrostatic catalytic materials, and the electrostatic catalytic materials include metal oxides and / or metal-organic framework materials.

[0106] It should be noted that the catalytic functional layer 620 in this embodiment is a composite structure composed of three sublayers, specifically including:

[0107] (1) Insulating layer 621: This layer is located at the core of the catalytic functional layer 620 and is composed of dielectric materials (such as silicon oxide SiOx, silicon nitride SiNx, aluminum oxide Al2O3, etc.). Its main function is to provide reliable electrical isolation between the first conductive layer 610 and the second conductive layer 630 under normal conditions, preventing short circuits between the two in the absence of static electricity or weak static electricity environment; at the same time, it acts as a breakdown layer under strong static electricity, so that a static discharge path is formed between the first conductive layer 610 and the second conductive layer 630, which can quickly catalyze and release the static charge in the strong static field; the thickness of the insulating layer 621 can be adjusted according to design needs, for example, between 5000 and 15000 angstroms, to set a clear dielectric strength threshold.

[0108] In terms of spatial configuration, the insulating layer 621 has several optional embodiments:

[0109] ① In one implementation method, such as Figure 12The strip-shaped configuration shown: the insulating layer 621 is placed in a strip shape in a local area between the first catalyst part 622 and the second catalyst part 623. This configuration can provide the catalytic functional layer 620 with more deformation adaptability while ensuring the basic isolation function, which is beneficial to reduce the stress of the film layer and form a well-defined priority breakdown point under strong electrostatic action.

[0110] ②In another implementation, such as Figure 13 The full-coverage configuration shown: the insulating layer 621 is continuously spread over the entire gap area between the first catalyst part 622 and the second catalyst part 623. This configuration can maximize the effective area of ​​the insulating layer 621, thereby significantly improving its dielectric strength and isolation reliability, providing a higher electrical safety margin for the device, and also helping to form a more uniform electric field distribution after strong electrostatic breakdown, avoiding excessive local damage.

[0111] (2) First catalyst part 622: The first catalyst part 622 covers the part of the surface of the first conductive layer 610 facing the second conductive layer 630 and the end of the first conductive layer 610 away from the first light-emitting unit 510. It should be noted that the purpose of the first catalyst part 622 and the relative surface of the first conductive layer 610 in this embodiment is to ensure that the first catalyst part 622 is insulated from the first light-emitting unit 510. This face-to-face contact allows the first catalyst part 622 to directly receive the static charge collected on the surface of the first conductive layer 610, providing the shortest path for the transfer of charge to the catalyst layer. In addition, the purpose of the first catalyst part 622 extending further to the end region of the first conductive layer 610 is to increase the contact area between the first catalyst part 622 and the first conductive layer 610, maximize the charge transfer interface, and improve the electrostatic dissipation efficiency. Therefore, in this embodiment, by simultaneously covering part of the surface and end of the first conductive layer 610 with the first catalytic part 622, a three-dimensional encapsulation contact is formed between the catalytic material and the conductive layer, which multiplies the number of channels for charge transfer from the conductive layer to the catalytic layer and shortens the path. No matter where the static charge accumulates on the surface of the conductive layer, it can enter the catalytic part nearby to be dissipated, thus avoiding local charge overload.

[0112] (3) Second catalyst 623: The second catalyst 623 covers the part of the surface of the second conductive layer 630 facing the first conductive layer 610 and the end of the second conductive layer 630 away from the second light-emitting unit 520; wherein, the structural features of the second catalyst 623 are the same as those of the first catalyst 622, and will not be described again here.

[0113] Optionally, both the first catalytic section 622 and the second catalytic section 623 contain electrostatic catalytic materials, preferably metal oxides and / or metal-organic frameworks (MOFs).

[0114] Optionally, metal oxides include, but are not limited to, titanium oxide (TiO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), cerium oxide (CeO2), etc. The surface of these materials is rich in unsaturated coordinated metal cations, hydroxyl groups and oxygen vacancies. These sites are both strong electrostatic centers and excellent chemical adsorption active sites.

[0115] Optionally, metal-organic framework materials include, but are not limited to, zeolite imidazole ester framework materials (such as ZIF-8) and MIL series materials. MOF materials possess extremely high specific surface areas, tunable pore sizes, and designable active metal sites (such as Cu²⁺). + Cr³ + It can generate a huge local electric field and a specific adsorption capacity.

[0116] Optionally, the materials of the first catalyst section 622 and the second catalyst section 623 can be the same or different. For example, one can focus on catalyzing the decomposition of water molecules, while the other focuses on catalyzing the oxygen reaction, or both can be composite materials with dual functions.

[0117] This combination Figure 12 and Figure 13 The working principle of the catalytic functional layer 620 in this embodiment is explained as follows:

[0118] (1) Under normal or weak electrostatic conditions: When the accumulation of static charge is light or the potential difference between the two conductive layers is small, the first catalyst 622 and the second catalyst 623 use the characteristics of their electrostatic catalytic materials (such as semiconductor properties and surface states) to independently dissipate the charge on the conductive layer in contact with them. The charge is neutralized inside the catalyst through interface injection, trap filling and other methods. At this time, the insulating layer 621 maintains a high resistance state.

[0119] (2) Under strong electrostatic discharge or breakdown discharge conditions: When an abnormally strong electrostatic discharge (ESD) event occurs, causing a sharp increase in the potential difference between the two conductive layers and exceeding the dielectric strength of the insulating layer 621, the insulating layer 621 undergoes controllable dielectric breakdown under a strong electric field, instantly forming a low-resistance channel. At this time, a large amount of static charge can be rapidly transferred and neutralized between the two conductive layers through this breakdown channel, preventing irreversible damage to the OLED light-emitting unit caused by high voltage. After the breakdown event, the insulating layer 621 may self-recover due to its material properties, or the breakdown point may be localized, thus preserving the overall protective function of the structure.

[0120] (3) Water and oxygen molecule adsorption: The first catalyst 622 and the second catalyst 623 can continuously and efficiently physically and chemically adsorb water and oxygen molecules that penetrate from the external environment into the pixel gap; when an electrostatic event occurs, both the local electric field of the catalyst itself and the strong transverse electric field before and after the insulation layer 621 is broken down will further polarize the adsorbed water and oxygen molecules, significantly reducing the activation energy for dissociation or oxidation reactions, thereby catalyzing these harmful molecules into more stable and harmless substances (such as dissociating H2O into OH). - ).

[0121] Therefore, the catalytic functional layer 620 provided in this embodiment has the following technical effects:

[0122] (1) Through the hierarchical design of catalyst (normal dissipation) + insulation layer 621 (strong electrostatic discharge), OLED pixels are provided with full-range adaptive protection from daily micro-static electricity to extreme ESD events, which greatly improves the reliability and robustness of protection.

[0123] (2) By having the two catalytic components in close contact with the corresponding conductive layers, the integration of the charge collection interface and the catalytic reaction interface is achieved, which greatly improves the conversion efficiency of static charge from collection to dissipation.

[0124] (3) The catalytic material is directly placed on both sides of the insulating layer 621, making it closest to the sidewalls of the pixel gaps where water and oxygen may invade, thus optimizing the spatial distribution of adsorption sites. At the same time, the design of the dual catalytic section is equivalent to setting up a dual chemical filter, which further improves the water and oxygen capture capacity and protection effect.

[0125] In one embodiment, continue as follows Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, at least one first protrusion structure 611 is provided on the surface of the first conductive layer 610 facing the second conductive layer 630; wherein, the first protrusion structure 611 is a microstructure protruding from the surface of the main body of the first conductive layer 610 toward the second conductive layer 630, and its material is the same as that of the main body of the first conductive layer 610 or is integrally formed in the same layer.

[0126] Optionally, at least one second protrusion structure 631 is provided on the surface of the second conductive layer 630 facing the first conductive layer 610; wherein, the second protrusion structure 631 is a microstructure protruding from the surface of the main body of the second conductive layer 630 toward the first conductive layer 610, and its material is the same as that of the main body of the second conductive layer 630 or is integrally formed in the same layer.

[0127] It should be noted that the first protrusion structure 611 and the second protrusion structure 631 can have various geometric shapes, such as hemispherical, conical, columnar, frustum-shaped, or ridge-shaped. The number of first protrusion structures 611 can be one or more; when there are multiple, they can be arranged in an array, randomly, or along a specific direction (such as the edge direction) on the surface of the first conductive layer 610; similarly, the second protrusion structure 631 can also be configured in the same way.

[0128] The first protrusion structure 611 and the second protrusion structure 631 in this embodiment can be implemented through various processes, including but not limited to: patterning the conductive layer by using a half-tone mask or a gray-tone mask to form a slope or protrusion contour by utilizing the thickness difference of the photoresist; or selectively forming them by surface modification processes such as laser processing, nanoimprinting, and chemical etching after the conductive layer is deposited.

[0129] The first protrusion structure 611 and the second protrusion structure 631 in this embodiment have the following technical effects:

[0130] (1) The protruding structure will significantly enhance the local electric field strength at its tip or where the radius of curvature is extremely small, making it a discharge tip where static charge preferentially accumulates and is preferentially discharged. This provides a clear and controllable discharge starting point for strong electrostatic events.

[0131] (2) Since the protrusion structure is located inside the area where the first conductive layer 610 and the second conductive layer 630 face each other, and its position is far away from the organic light-emitting layer of the first light-emitting unit 510 and the second light-emitting unit 520, the electrostatic discharge process is concentrated and guided to the area far away from the light-emitting area, thereby avoiding direct thermal or physical damage to the light-emitting functional layer caused by breakdown or discharge.

[0132] In one embodiment, the projections of the first protrusion structure 611 and the second protrusion structure 631 in the vertical direction at least partially intersect; as... Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, when viewed by projection along the direction perpendicular to the stacking direction of the first conductive layer 610 and the second conductive layer 630 (i.e., the vertical direction), the projection area of ​​the first protrusion structure 611 and the projection area of ​​the second protrusion structure 631 at least partially overlap; in other words, the two are not completely offset in the vertical direction, but have an interlacing or overlapping configuration.

[0133] It should be noted that the at least partial interleaving in this embodiment includes several cases: multiple first protrusions 611 and multiple second protrusions 631 may be vertically aligned in a one-to-one correspondence; only some of the protrusions may be aligned, while the rest may be staggered; or the protrusions may be arranged alternately in a comb-like or finger-like pattern. In the vertical direction, a small gap may be maintained between the first protrusions 611 and the second protrusions 631, and this gap may be filled by the catalytic functional layer 620; alternatively, it may be designed to be at an extremely close distance where direct contact or near-field breakdown can occur under a strong electric field.

[0134] In this embodiment, by configuring the upper and lower protrusions in an alternating arrangement, multiple parallel breakdown or discharge paths are simultaneously formed between the tips of the protrusions during a strong electrostatic event. Static charge is diverted and dispersed, avoiding localized overheating or permanent dielectric damage caused by concentrating all energy in a single channel. Furthermore, when individual protrusions melt, oxidize, or degrade due to repeated discharges, the remaining numerous alternating protrusions can still maintain normal function. This multi-channel redundancy design significantly extends the service life of the electrostatic protection structure 600 under repeated stress impacts.

[0135] This embodiment achieves comprehensive optimization of strong electrostatic events by setting multiple protrusion structures on the surfaces of the first conductive layer 610 and the second conductive layer 630, from point presetting and energy diversion to multi-channel parallel discharge. Under extreme electrostatic stress conditions, it can disperse the concentrated charge energy into multiple micro-regions for dissipation, significantly improving the discharge efficiency while effectively suppressing the cumulative damage of single-point penetration to the insulating layer 621 and surrounding film layers, thus providing an electrostatic solution for OLED devices that combines high protection level and long service life.

[0136] In one embodiment, the electrostatic protection structure 600 further includes a support layer 640, and a first conductive layer 610 is disposed on the support layer 640; as Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the support layer 640 is a carrier layer located at the bottom of the electrostatic protection structure 600, and the first conductive layer 610 is disposed on the upper surface of the support layer 640. The support layer 640 is preferably made of an insulating organic material, such as polyimide (PI), acrylic resin, epoxy resin, etc., which is the same as or compatible with the pixel definition layer (PDL) or isolation pillar materials conventionally used in OLED devices. In this embodiment, the support layer 640 provides a flat and stable adhesion substrate for the first conductive layer 610 and the film layer above it, while also serving as an electrical insulator to isolate the first conductive layer 610 from the electrode or substrate 200 below.

[0137] Optionally, the support layer 640 in this embodiment can be a dedicated structural layer that is independently formed and patterned, or it can be an integral structure with the bottom part of the pixel definition layer (PDL) in the OLED device, that is, the base part of the pixel definition layer in the pixel gap area is directly used as the support layer 640. This integrated configuration can significantly simplify the process and eliminate the need to add an additional film layer.

[0138] In one embodiment, the electrostatic protection structure 600 further includes a cover layer 650 covering the second conductive layer 630; wherein the upper surface of the cover layer 650 is higher than the upper surface of the organic light-emitting layer in the first light-emitting unit 510 and the second light-emitting unit 520.

[0139] It should be noted that the capping layer 650 covers the second conductive layer 630 and extends to cover at least a portion of the exposed area of ​​the catalytic functional layer 620. The capping layer 650 is preferably made of the same or similar insulating organic material as the support layer 640, but inorganic insulating materials (such as silicon nitride, silicon oxide) or organic-inorganic composite layers may also be used. Figure 13 As shown, the cover layer 650 completely covers the upper surface of the second conductive layer 630 and the sidewall of the second catalytic part 623, and forms contact or fusion with the insulating layer 621 at the edge region, thereby encapsulating the first conductive layer 610, the catalytic functional layer 620 and the second conductive layer 630 as a whole in the protective shell formed by the support layer 640 and the cover layer 650.

[0140] Optionally, in this embodiment, the height of the upper surface of the cover layer 650 in the vertical direction is configured to be higher than the upper surface of the organic light-emitting layer in the adjacent first light-emitting unit 510 and second light-emitting unit 520. Specifically, the final height of the isolation pillar region can be made to exceed the surface of the organic film layer formed after the light-emitting layer is evaporated by controlling the deposition thickness of the cover layer 650 or by using a halftone mask for patterning. The upper surface of the cover layer 650 can be flat-topped, curved, or trapezoidal, as long as its highest point is higher than the upper surface of the organic light-emitting layer.

[0141] Therefore, in this embodiment, the support layer 640 provides a flat film-forming surface for the first conductive layer 610, ensuring its patterning accuracy and interface contact quality. The capping layer 650 provides physical protection for the second conductive layer 630 and the catalytic functional layer 620, preventing them from being mechanically scratched or chemically eroded in subsequent processes (such as light-emitting layer evaporation and cathode deposition). Furthermore, in this embodiment, the electrostatic protection core unit (i.e., the first conductive layer 610, the catalytic functional layer 620, and the second conductive layer 630) is completely encapsulated within the organic dielectric shell formed by the support layer 640 and the capping layer 650, protecting it from direct external stress (such as bending of the flexible substrate 200 and thermal expansion and contraction). Simultaneously, the design of the capping layer 650 being higher than the light-emitting layer makes the pixel isolation pillars themselves load-bearing points on the device surface, effectively buffering external pressure and preventing the light-emitting layer from being crushed during subsequent encapsulation or touch layer bonding processes.

[0142] In one embodiment, the first conductive layer 610 includes a first metal layer and a first protective layer; wherein the first metal layer is disposed on the support layer, and the first protective layer covers the upper surface of the first metal layer; the work function of the first metal layer is matched with the light-emitting material of the first light-emitting unit 510. It should be noted that the first conductive layer in this embodiment adopts a double-layer metal structure, with the first metal layer (low work function metal layer) directly disposed on the support layer, and the first protective layer covering the upper surface of the first metal layer; the work function matching in this embodiment means that the work function value of the metal layer is close to the electron affinity or ionization energy of the light-emitting material, thereby forming a smooth carrier injection or extraction channel at the interface between the two, avoiding the introduction of additional energy barriers.

[0143] In one embodiment, the second conductive layer 630 includes a second metal layer and a second protective layer; wherein the second metal layer is disposed on the catalytic functional layer, and the second protective layer covers the upper surface of the second metal layer; wherein the structural features of the second conductive layer 630 are the same as those of the first conductive layer 610, and will not be described again here.

[0144] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the first and second metal layers are made of magnesium (Mg), which has a work function of approximately 3.7 eV. The work function value of magnesium is close to the electron affinity of the OLED organic light-emitting material, which can form a good energy level match at the interface between the metal layer and the light-emitting layer, ensuring efficient carrier injection during normal display.

[0145] In a preferred embodiment of this invention: the first protective layer and the second protective layer are made of zinc-aluminum alloy (Zn:Al), which has good electrical conductivity and chemical stability and can effectively cover and protect the underlying magnesium layer.

[0146] like Figure 11As shown, this embodiment provides a display panel 10, which includes a substrate 200, a plurality of light-emitting units 500 spaced apart on the substrate 200, and at least one electrostatic protection structure 600 as shown in the above embodiment; wherein, the electrostatic protection structure 600 is disposed on the substrate 200 between two adjacent light-emitting units; the first conductive layer 610 of the electrostatic protection structure 600 is electrically connected to one of the two adjacent light-emitting units, the second conductive layer 630 of the electrostatic protection structure 600 is electrically connected to the other of the two adjacent light-emitting units, and the upper surface of the electrostatic protection structure 600 is higher than the upper surface of the organic light-emitting layer of the light-emitting unit.

[0147] It should be noted that the working principle of the display panel 10 in this embodiment has been explained in the electrostatic protection structure 600 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0148] Figure 14 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the fourth electrostatic protection structure 600 provided in this application embodiment; as shown... Figure 14 As shown, the electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection structure 600 of this embodiment is applied to the display panel 10. The display panel 10 includes at least a first light-emitting unit 510 and a second light-emitting unit 520 arranged adjacent to each other, and the ESD protection structure 600 is disposed between the first light-emitting unit 510 and the second light-emitting unit 520. Specifically, in a typical RGB pixel arrangement display panel 10, the first light-emitting unit 510 can be any sub-pixel of red, green, and blue, and the second light-emitting unit 520 is another sub-pixel with a different color from the first light-emitting unit 510; that is, the ESD protection structure 600 is located, for example, in the gap area between the red and green sub-pixels; however, this gap area is usually occupied by organic isolation pillars 530, such as... Figure 10 As shown, a common flexible OLED display structure includes a light-emitting layer and a full-surface cathode 700 above the anode, with organic isolation pillars 530 separating the anodes. Above the cathode, an encapsulation structure 300 is formed by a first inorganic encapsulation layer 310 + an organic encapsulation layer 330 + a second inorganic encapsulation layer 340. However, in this application, the electrostatic discharge protection structure 600 of this embodiment can replace the organic isolation pillars 530, or as shown... Figure 15 As shown, it is integrated in the organic isolation column 530.

[0149] like Figure 14As shown, the electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection structure 600 of this embodiment includes a grounding electrode 660, which is configured to be electrically connected to a ground signal. The grounding electrode 660 is an electrode layer made of a conductive material (such as the same ITO, IZO, or metal as the anode), disposed in the bottom region of the ESD protection structure 600, and electrically connected to the ground signal, providing a low-resistance path for static electricity to ultimately discharge to the ground. Furthermore, the grounding electrode 660 is disposed in the same layer as the anode of the light-emitting unit but is insulated from it. It can be formed in the same deposition step using the same material as the anode to simplify the process. Its thickness is comparable to that of the anode (approximately 1000~2000 angstroms), and its width matches that of the water storage component 670 above it (approximately 0.5~2 μm).

[0150] like Figure 14 As shown, the electrostatic protection structure 600 of this embodiment also includes a water storage component 670, disposed above the grounding electrode 660, configured to adsorb and store water vapor in the environment; specifically, the water storage component 670, disposed above the grounding electrode 660, is a functional unit for adsorbing and storing water vapor in the environment. The water storage component 670 comprises a polymer material with a microporous structure (such as microporous polyethylene), with a pore size of approximately 0.1~2.0 μm. These micropores allow water vapor molecules to pass through and be stored, but block liquid water (water droplet diameter is typically >100 µm), achieving waterproof and breathable operation.

[0151] like Figure 14 As shown, the electrostatic protection structure 600 of this embodiment also includes an electrostatic drive component 680, which is disposed in contact with the water storage component 670 and in contact with the first light-emitting unit 510 and / or the second light-emitting unit 520. It is configured to generate a conductive channel in response to the electrostatic charge in the first light-emitting unit 510 and / or the second light-emitting unit 520, so that at least part of the water vapor stored in the water storage component 670 enters the conductive channel to form a discharge path for the electrostatic charge to the grounding electrode 660.

[0152] It should be noted that the electrostatic drive component 680 is in contact with the water storage component 670 and with the first light-emitting unit 510 and / or the second light-emitting unit 520. The core material of the electrostatic drive component 680 is a dielectric elastomer (such as silicone rubber, acrylic elastomer, polyurethane, etc.), and the core principle is electrostatic actuation: when there is voltage accumulation on both sides of the electrostatic drive component 680, the positive and negative charges generate electrostatic force, which compresses and thins the middle insulating elastic layer, thereby producing deformation; the dielectric elastomer layer, as an insulating and elastically deformable medium, undergoes significant deformation under the action of electrostatic force. The characteristics of dielectric elastomer materials are that they need high dielectric constant, high elasticity, and low modulus.

[0153] In this embodiment, the electrostatic drive component 680 generates a conductive channel in response to the static charge accumulated in the light-emitting unit. Specifically, when the electrostatic drive component 680 senses static charge in the area directly in contact with the side of the light-emitting layer, a potential difference is established between the two sides of the component, generating an electrostatic force. This electrostatic force compresses and thins the dielectric elastomer layer, deforming its internal structure, thereby forming or opening a conductive channel through which water vapor can pass. Then, the water vapor stored in the water storage component 670 enters the conductive channel at least partially under the drive of a concentration difference or pressure difference. After entering, the water vapor dissociates into H under the action of an electric field. + and OH - Ions, or the formation of a continuous water film, significantly increase the local conductivity of the originally insulated conductive channel area, allowing static charges to be quickly and safely discharged to the ground through the conductive channel and the grounding electrode 660.

[0154] In this embodiment, the electrostatic protection structure 600, through the coordinated operation of the grounding electrode 660, the water storage component 670, and the electrostatic drive component 680, forms an electrostatic discharge path between the light-emitting units. Figure 16 , Figure 17 , Figure 18 , Figure 19 and Figure 20 The working principle of the electrostatic protection structure 600 is explained as follows:

[0155] (1) Moisture accumulation stage: During the normal operation of the display panel 10, moisture that permeates into the encapsulation layer and moisture that is adsorbed by the panel itself are captured and stored by the microporous structure of the water storage component 670, providing a conductive medium for subsequent electrostatic discharge; such as Figure 16 As shown, the black dots in the water storage component 670 represent the stored water vapor.

[0156] (2) Electrostatic triggering stage: When the first light-emitting unit 510 and / or the second light-emitting unit 520 accumulate static charge due to friction, induction, etc., since the electrostatic driving component 680 is in direct contact with the side of the light-emitting layer, the accumulated static charge is induced by the electrostatic driving component 680, and a potential difference is established on both sides of the electrostatic driving component 680, generating electrostatic force, such as Figure 17 The lightning bolt symbol shown.

[0157] (3) Channel Formation Stage: Under the action of electrostatic force, the dielectric elastomer material in the electrostatic drive component 680 undergoes deformation (such as being compressed or thinned), and the originally closed microporous structure inside transforms into open pores or forms new through channels. This deformation process generates conductive channels, such as... Figure 18As shown, the hollow dots in the electrostatic drive component 680 represent open holes, and multiple open holes connected together form a conductive channel; at the same time, after the conductive channel is formed, the water vapor stored in the water storage component 670 enters the conductive channel at least partially under the drive of concentration difference or pressure difference.

[0158] (4) Static discharge stage: After water vapor enters, it dissociates into H under the action of the electric field. + and OH - Ions, or the formation of a continuous water film, significantly increase the local conductivity of the originally insulated conductive channel region. At this point, a low-resistance discharge path is formed: such as... Figure 19 As shown, the static charge accumulated in the light-emitting unit → electrostatic drive component 680 (water vapor conduction area) → water storage component 670 → ground electrode 660 → ground signal, thereby enabling the static charge to be quickly and safely discharged to the ground, and the pixel potential to return to a safe level.

[0159] (5) Recovery phase: such as Figure 20 As shown, after the static charge is discharged, the potential difference across the electrostatic drive component 680 disappears, and the electrostatic force is removed. The dielectric elastomer recovers its deformation through its own elasticity, and the conductive channel closes; the water vapor that entered the conductive channel is squeezed out and at least part of it returns to the water storage component 670 for re-storage, and the system returns to its initial state, waiting for the next electrostatic event.

[0160] In summary, this application provides a grounding discharge channel for static charges accumulated within pixels by setting an electrostatic protection structure 600, composed of a grounding electrode 660, a water storage component 670, and an electrostatic drive component 680, between adjacent light-emitting units. Specifically, the water storage component 670 adsorbs and stores water vapor from the environment, providing a conductive medium for the discharge process; the electrostatic drive component 680 deforms in response to static charges, forming a conductive channel, allowing the water vapor stored in the water storage component 670 to enter this channel, significantly improving the local conductivity, thereby quickly and safely guiding the static charges to the grounding electrode 660 for discharge, effectively eliminating the risk of electrostatic breakdown.

[0161] Furthermore, this application utilizes the reversible deformation characteristics of the electrostatic drive component 680 to enable the conductive channel to automatically close after the electrostatic charge is discharged. At least part of the water vapor entering the channel returns to the water storage component 670 for re-storage, thus realizing the self-recovering cycle of the electrostatic protection structure 600. This not only avoids the failure problem of traditional disposable protection structures but also makes full use of the existing water vapor resources inside the device, without relying on externally added conductive materials.

[0162] Therefore, through the synergistic effect of the grounding electrode 660, the water storage component 670 and the electrostatic drive component 680, this application achieves electrostatic protection while also forming an intelligent protection mechanism for automatic recovery, thereby improving the anti-static capability, long-term reliability and service life of OLED display products.

[0163] like Figure 15 As shown, there is a gap between the first cathode 513 of the first light-emitting unit 510 and the second cathode 523 of the second light-emitting unit 520; the water storage component 670 has a first end and a second end that are disposed opposite to each other; wherein, the first end of the water storage component 670 is disposed opposite to the gap in the vertical direction, and the second end of the water storage component 670 is disposed in contact with the grounding electrode 660.

[0164] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the cathodes of adjacent light-emitting units do not continuously cover the entire display area, but are spaced apart to form a gap, such as... Figure 15 As shown. In conventional OLED devices, the entire cathode 700 typically serves as a common electrode covering all pixels continuously, such as... Figure 2 As shown. However, in this embodiment, the cathode is intentionally disconnected in the area above the corresponding water storage component 670 to form a gap; this gap has a dual function: (1) to provide a physical channel for water vapor that permeates in the encapsulation layer to enter the water storage component 670; (2) to prevent the cathode from directly contacting the water storage component 670, thus preventing short circuits or leakage during normal display.

[0165] The water storage component 670 of this embodiment has two ends in the vertical direction; the first end is the top end of the water storage component 670, facing the light-emitting side or encapsulation layer of the display panel 10; the second end is the bottom end of the water storage component 670, facing the substrate 200 and contacting the grounding electrode 660. This structure design with two ends makes the water storage component 670 a bridge connecting the upper water vapor source and the lower grounding electrode 660.

[0166] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the gap between the top end (i.e., the first end) of the water storage component 670 and the cathode is aligned or opposite in the vertical direction. That is, when viewed from the vertical projection direction, the first end of the water storage component 670 is located directly below the cathode gap, ensuring that water vapor permeating in the encapsulation layer can pass through the cathode gap and directly enter the water storage component 670 for adsorption and storage. The bottom end (i.e., the second end) of the water storage component 670 is in direct physical contact with the grounding electrode 660, realizing the electrical connection between the water storage component 670 and the grounding electrode 660. This allows the conductive path formed by water vapor conduction to extend smoothly from the water storage component 670 to the grounding electrode 660 during subsequent electrostatic discharge, ultimately guiding the static charge to ground.

[0167] In one embodiment, such as Figure 14As shown, in this embodiment, the water storage component 670 is divided into two vertically connected components: a first water storage component 671 and a second water storage component 672. This layered structure design enables the water storage component 670 to perform different functions: the first water storage component 671 is mainly used to dock with the cathode gap and receive water vapor from the encapsulation layer; the second water storage component 672 is mainly used to contact the electrostatic drive component 680 and connect to the grounding electrode 660 below.

[0168] Optionally, the first water storage component 671 is located above the second water storage component 672. The top of the first water storage component 671 serves as the first end of the water storage assembly 670, thus the gap between it and the cathode is vertically opposite to each other. The bottom of the second water storage component 672 serves as the second end of the water storage assembly 670, thus contacting the grounding electrode 660. This stacked structure allows the water storage assembly 670 to form a continuous water vapor transmission channel in the vertical direction: water vapor enters from the first end, passes through the first water storage component 671 and the second water storage component 672, and finally reaches the contact interface between the second end and the grounding electrode 660.

[0169] Optionally, the width of the top of the second water storage component 672 is greater than the width of the bottom of the second water storage component 672, and the two sides of the second water storage component 672 are in contact with the electrostatic drive assembly 680; specifically, the top of the second water storage component 672 (the end closer to the first water storage component 671) is wider, and the bottom (the end closer to the grounding electrode 660) is narrower, forming an overall trapezoidal or inverted trapezoidal structure. This design, which is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, has the following effects: (1) The top is wider, providing a larger contact area for connection with the first water storage component 671; (2) The bottom is narrower, achieving reliable contact with the grounding electrode 660 within the limited bottom space; (3) The inclined slopes on both sides increase the contact area with the electrostatic drive assembly 680, improve the water vapor transmission efficiency, and thus improve the electrostatic discharge rate.

[0170] In one embodiment, such as Figure 14 As shown, the electrostatic drive assembly 680 includes two independent first drive members 681 and second drive members 682, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the second water storage member 672. That is, the first drive member 681 is close to the first light-emitting unit 510 and is mainly responsible for sensing the static charge accumulated in the first light-emitting unit 510; the second drive member 682 is close to the second light-emitting unit 520 and is mainly responsible for sensing the static charge accumulated in the second light-emitting unit 520. This ensures that no matter which light-emitting unit generates static electricity, it can be quickly responded to by the drive member on the nearest side, while making full use of the lateral space between the light-emitting units and maximizing the space utilization.

[0171] Optionally, in this embodiment, one side of each driving member is in contact with the side of the second water storage member 672. When the driving member deforms due to electrostatic force and forms a conductive channel, water vapor enters the conductive channel of the driving member from the second water storage member 672 through the contacting side.

[0172] Optionally, in this embodiment, the other side (i.e., the outer side) of each driving element forms direct contact with the side of the light-emitting layer of the corresponding light-emitting unit. That is, the outer side of the first driving element 681 contacts the side of the light-emitting layer of the first light-emitting unit 510, and the outer side of the second driving element 682 contacts the side of the light-emitting layer of the second light-emitting unit 520. This ensures the directionality of electrostatic induction: the first driving element 681 primarily senses the charge of the first light-emitting unit 510, and the second driving element 682 primarily senses the charge of the second light-emitting unit 520, avoiding chaotic responses caused by cross-induction. The direct contact design allows the electrostatic charge accumulated on the side of the light-emitting layer to enter the interior of the driving element through the interface, establishing a potential difference on both sides of the driving element, thereby triggering deformation.

[0173] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the top surfaces of the light-emitting layer, the first driving member 681, the second driving member 682, and the top of the second water storage member 672 are located on the same horizontal plane. Specifically, in this embodiment, the top surface of the driving member is designed to be flush with the top surface of the light-emitting layer, meaning that the vertical extension range of the driving member exactly covers the entire side of the light-emitting layer, allowing all sidewalls of the light-emitting layer from bottom to top to contact the driving member, maximizing the charge induction area. Folding the top surfaces of the driving member and the water storage member to the top surface of the light-emitting layer allows the cathode to be formed on a relatively flat surface, improving the continuity and reliability of the cathode. During fabrication, the flush top surfaces of multiple components mean that the height of multiple areas can be controlled using a mask of the same height or the same process step, reducing process complexity. The flush top surfaces ensure that the deformation area of ​​the electrostatic drive assembly 680 in the vertical direction corresponds perfectly in height to the charge accumulation area of ​​the light-emitting layer, resulting in a more uniform and controllable electric field distribution generated by electrostatic induction.

[0174] In one embodiment, such as Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, the display panel 10 in this embodiment also includes a substrate 200, and the electrostatic protection structure 600 further includes: a first insulating layer 690 disposed on the substrate 200, and a grounding electrode 660 disposed in the first insulating layer 690, so that the grounding electrode 660 is mutually insulated from the anode of the first light-emitting unit 510 and the anode of the second light-emitting unit 520.

[0175] It should be noted that the first insulating layer 690 is an insulating dielectric layer formed on the substrate 200. Corresponding to the bottom part of the electrostatic protection structure 600, the grounding electrode 660 is disposed inside the first insulating layer 690 and is covered by insulating material. Only its top surface is exposed for contact with the water storage component 670. This allows the grounding electrode 660 and the anode to be in the same plane without direct contact. The two are isolated by the insulating material in the first insulating layer 690, ensuring the reliability of electrical insulation. In addition, after the grounding electrode 660 is embedded in the first insulating layer 690, its upper surface can be made flush with the surface of the first insulating layer 690 through a planarization process, providing a flat substrate for the formation of the electrostatic drive component 680 above.

[0176] In one embodiment, the electrostatic protection structure 600 further includes: a second insulating layer 6100 disposed above the electrostatic drive assembly 680, and a first water storage component 671 disposed within the second insulating layer 6100.

[0177] It should be noted that the second insulating layer 6100 is an insulating dielectric layer formed above the electrostatic drive assembly 680, corresponding to the top portion of the electrostatic protection structure 600. The first water storage component 671 is disposed inside the second insulating layer 6100 and is covered by insulating material, with only its top exposed to be perpendicular to the cathode gap. This allows the second insulating layer 6100 to provide mechanical protection and electrical encapsulation for the electrostatic drive assembly 680 and the water storage assembly 670, preventing damage from subsequent processes. In addition, by embedding the first water storage component 671 within the insulating layer, water vapor can only enter the water storage assembly 670 through its exposed top, avoiding disorderly lateral diffusion.

[0178] like Figure 15 As shown, this embodiment provides a display panel 10, which includes a substrate 200, a plurality of light-emitting units spaced apart on the substrate 200, and at least one electrostatic protection structure 600 as shown in the above embodiment; wherein, the electrostatic protection structure 600 is disposed on the substrate 200 between two adjacent light-emitting units; the electrostatic driving component 680 of the electrostatic protection structure 600 is in contact with the light-emitting layer of the adjacent light-emitting unit.

[0179] It should be noted that the working principle of the display panel 10 in this embodiment has been explained in the electrostatic protection structure 600 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0180] This application achieves dynamic adjustment of the ambient humidity of the display area by setting a humidity compensation structure 100, composed of a temperature-sensitive water storage layer 110, a buffer water storage layer 120, and an electrostatic driving layer 130, within the bezel area surrounding the display area. Under high-temperature and low-humidity conditions, it actively replenishes water vapor to increase air conductivity, reducing the risk of static electricity generation and accumulation at the source. Furthermore, this application integrates an electrostatic protection structure, composed of a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer, and a catalytic functional layer, or an electrostatic protection structure composed of a grounding electrode, a water storage component, and an electrostatic driving component, between adjacent light-emitting units, providing an efficient discharge path for static charges accumulated within the pixels. Therefore, through the synergistic effect of peripheral humidity compensation and internal pixel static discharge, this application constructs a complete electrostatic protection system from environmental improvement to charge conduction, significantly enhancing the anti-static capability and long-term reliability of OLED display products in complex operating environments.

[0181] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0182] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "some embodiments," "exemplarily," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. The illustrative expressions of the above terms in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0183] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application. Therefore, any changes or modifications made in accordance with the claims and description of this application should fall within the scope of this patent application.

Claims

1. A display panel, comprising a display area and a border area surrounding the display area, wherein the display area is provided with at least a first light-emitting unit and a second light-emitting unit disposed at intervals, characterized in that, At least one humidity compensation structure is provided within the border area, and the humidity compensation structure includes: The temperature-sensitive water storage layer is configured to release water vapor when the current ambient temperature reaches a preset threshold. A buffer water storage layer, which at least partially covers the temperature-sensitive water storage layer and is in communication with the temperature-sensitive water storage layer, is configured to receive and store water vapor released by the temperature-sensitive water storage layer. An electrostatic driving layer, disposed on the side of the buffer water storage layer away from the temperature-sensitive water storage layer and connected to the buffer water storage layer, is configured to generate a conductive channel in response to electrostatic charges in the current environment, so that water vapor stored in the buffer water storage layer is released into the current environment through the conductive channel.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display panel also includes a substrate; The temperature-sensitive water storage layer is disposed on the substrate, and the buffer water storage layer covers the temperature-sensitive water storage layer; Alternatively, the buffer water storage layer is disposed on the substrate, and the temperature-sensitive water storage layer is disposed inside the buffer water storage layer.

3. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display panel further includes an encapsulation structure covering the first light-emitting unit and the second light-emitting unit. The encapsulation structure includes a first inorganic encapsulation layer, a water-storing encapsulation layer, an organic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer stacked in sequence. The water-storage encapsulation layer has a horizontal width greater than that of the organic encapsulation layer, and is configured to: block solvent penetration during the formation of the organic encapsulation layer and store water vapor during use.

4. The display panel according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The display panel further includes an electrostatic discharge protection structure disposed between the first light-emitting unit and the second light-emitting unit, the electrostatic discharge protection structure comprising: The first conductive layer is electrically connected to the first light-emitting unit and is configured to collect static charge in the first light-emitting unit. The second conductive layer is electrically connected to the second light-emitting unit and is configured to collect static charge in the second light-emitting unit. A catalytic functional layer is disposed between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, and the first conductive layer, the catalytic functional layer and the second conductive layer are stacked sequentially. The catalytic functional layer is configured to catalytically release the static charge on the first conductive layer and / or the second conductive layer, and to adsorb water and oxygen molecules in the environment.

5. The display panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The catalytic functional layer includes: An insulating layer having a first side and a second side disposed opposite to each other; A first catalytic unit is disposed on a first side of the insulating layer, in contact with the first conductive layer and insulated from the first light-emitting unit; The second catalyst section is disposed on the second side of the insulating layer, in contact with the second conductive layer and insulated from the second light-emitting unit; The first catalytic unit and the second catalytic unit contain electrostatic catalytic materials.

6. The display panel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first catalytic portion covers the portion of the first conductive layer facing the second conductive layer and the end of the first conductive layer away from the first light-emitting unit; The second catalytic portion covers the portion of the second conductive layer facing the first conductive layer and the end of the second conductive layer away from the second light-emitting unit.

7. The display panel according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The display panel further includes an electrostatic discharge protection structure disposed between the first light-emitting unit and the second light-emitting unit, the electrostatic discharge protection structure comprising: The grounding electrode is configured to be electrically connected to the ground signal; A water storage component, disposed above the grounding electrode, is configured to adsorb and store water vapor from the environment; An electrostatic drive component, which is disposed in contact with the water storage component and in contact with the first light-emitting unit and / or the second light-emitting unit, is configured to generate a conductive channel in response to electrostatic charge in the first light-emitting unit and / or the second light-emitting unit, so that at least part of the water vapor stored in the water storage component enters the conductive channel to form a discharge path of the electrostatic charge to the grounding electrode.

8. The display panel according to claim 7, characterized in that, There is a gap between the cathode of the first light-emitting unit and the cathode of the second light-emitting unit; The water storage assembly includes: a first water storage component and a second water storage component connected vertically; the first water storage component is located above the second water storage component, the top end of the first water storage component is vertically opposite to the gap, and the bottom end of the second water storage component is in contact with the grounding electrode. The top of the second water storage component is wider than the bottom of the second water storage component, and both sides of the second water storage component are in contact with the electrostatic drive assembly.

9. The display panel according to claim 8, characterized in that, The electrostatic drive assembly includes: The first driving member and the second driving member are respectively disposed on both sides of the second water storage member; one side of each driving member is in contact with the side of the second water storage member, and the other side is in contact with the side of the light-emitting layer of the corresponding light-emitting unit. The top surface of the light-emitting layer, the top surface of the first driving member, the top surface of the second driving member, and the top of the second water storage member are located on the same horizontal plane.

10. The display panel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The temperature-sensitive water storage layer, the buffer water storage layer, and / or the water storage component comprise a polymer material with a microporous structure. The electrostatic drive layer and / or the electrostatic drive assembly comprises a dielectric elastomer material.

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