Application of PadPGR5a gene in fast-growing, high-quality and high-yield poplar breeding

Abstract

The invention discloses an application of a PadPGR5a gene in fast-growing high-quality high-yield poplar breeding, belongs to the technical field of genetic engineering, and particularly relates to the application of the PadPGR5a gene in fast-growing high-quality high-yield poplar breeding, and the nucleotide sequence of the PadPGR5a gene is shown as SEQ ID NO.1. The invention further discloses an application of the PadPGR5a gene in fast-growing high-quality high-yield poplar breeding. Through phenotypic analysis, the plant height of the PadPGR5a gene overexpressed transgenic poplar is obviously increased, the net photosynthetic rate is obviously improved, and the oxidative stress resistance is obviously enhanced. It is shown that the PadPGR5a gene is an important forest fast-growing improved gene resource, and a new excellent transgenic variety can be provided for construction of a fast-growing high-quality high-yield poplar man-made forest by means of a genetic engineering technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of genetic engineering technology, and in particular relates to the application of the PadPGR5a gene in the breeding of fast-growing, high-quality and high-yield poplar trees. Background Technology

[0002] Poplar, as an important fast-growing timber and ecological restoration species globally, has irreplaceable value in forestry production, industrial timber, and carbon sequestration due to its rapid growth, strong adaptability, and wide range of timber uses. With the continuous growth of global timber demand and the deepening of ecological environment construction, breeding new poplar varieties that combine rapid growth, excellent timber quality, and high yield has become one of the core goals of modern forestry breeding.

[0003] Traditional poplar breeding mainly relies on hybridization and phenotypic selection. While this method has achieved significant results, it suffers from problems such as long breeding cycles, difficulty in converging superior traits, and limited genetic gain. In recent years, with the rapid development of molecular biology and genomics, genetic engineering technology has provided a powerful new tool for forest genetic improvement. The precise regulation of traits such as growth, wood quality, and resistance through the discovery and utilization of key functional genes has become an important direction in molecular design breeding of poplar.

[0004] In the regulatory network of plant growth and development, photosynthesis is the material and energy basis for biomass accumulation. Previous studies have shown that loss of function of related genes in model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana leads to reduced photosynthetic efficiency and increased sensitivity to strong light. However, in perennial woody plants such as poplar, research on related genes is lacking, and how these genes influence tree growth and development, biomass formation, and wood quality through the regulation of photosynthetic pathways remains unresolved.

[0005] Therefore, based on the aforementioned industry demands and existing technological gaps, and addressing the bottleneck in current poplar breeding techniques that struggle to synergistically improve multiple complex traits, creating new poplar germplasm with fast-growing, high-quality, and high-yielding characteristics through genetic engineering is of significant theoretical and practical importance for promoting technological progress in poplar breeding and improving forestry production efficiency. Poplar trees, with their straight trunks, high timber yield, rapid growth, short rotation period, and wide distribution, are important timber species in my country. However, due to the generally low yield per unit area of ​​plantations and insufficient creation of breakthrough improved varieties, it is difficult to meet industry market demands, severely restricting the development of my country's poplar industry. Addressing the problems of low timber quality and a lack of high-quality varieties, creating new poplar materials with superior traits using genetic engineering is of great significance for cultivating new fast-growing, high-quality, and high-yielding forest tree varieties. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes the application of the PadPGR5a gene in the breeding of fast-growing, high-quality, and high-yielding poplar trees. Overexpression of the PadPGR5a gene significantly increases the height of transgenic poplar trees, significantly improves the net photosynthetic rate, and significantly enhances their resistance to oxidative stress.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the application of the PadPGR5a gene in the breeding of fast-growing, high-quality and high-yield poplar trees, the nucleotide sequence of which is shown in SEQ ID NO.1.

[0008] Preferably, by overexpressing the PadPGR5a gene, the growth rate of poplar tree height is increased, the leaf area of ​​poplar tree is increased, the photosynthetic capacity of poplar tree is enhanced, the antioxidant stress resistance of poplar tree is enhanced, and fast-growing, high-quality and high-yielding poplar trees are cultivated.

[0009] This invention also provides the application of the PadPGR5a gene in regulating the height of poplar trees. The nucleotide sequence of the PadPGR5a gene is shown in SEQ ID NO.1. Overexpression of the PadPGR5a gene can increase the growth rate of poplar trees.

[0010] This invention also provides the application of the PadPGR5a gene in regulating poplar leaf growth. The nucleotide sequence of the PadPGR5a gene is shown in SEQ ID NO.1. Overexpression of the PadPGR5a gene increases the leaf area of ​​poplar leaves.

[0011] This invention also provides the application of the PadPGR5a gene in regulating the photosynthetic capacity of poplar trees. The nucleotide sequence of the PadPGR5a gene is shown in SEQ ID NO.1. Overexpression of the PadPGR5a gene enhances the photosynthetic capacity of poplar trees.

[0012] Preferably, overexpression of the PadPGR5a gene increases the specific leaf weight of poplar plants, enhances the light-harvesting capacity of leaves, and strengthens the photosynthetic capacity of poplars.

[0013] The present invention also provides the application of the PadPGR5a gene in regulating the antioxidant capacity of poplar trees. The nucleotide sequence of the PadPGR5a gene is shown in SEQ ID NO.1. Overexpression of the PadPGR5a gene enhances the antioxidant capacity of poplar trees.

[0014] Preferably, overexpression of the PadPGR5a gene reduces the production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species, thereby enhancing the oxidative stress resistance of poplar trees.

[0015] The present invention also provides a protein encoded by the PadPGR5a gene, the amino acid sequence of which is shown in SEQ ID NO.2.

[0016] The present invention also provides the application of the protein encoded by the PadPGR5a gene in the breeding of fast-growing, high-quality and high-yield poplar trees. By overexpressing the protein encoded by the PadPGR5a gene, the growth rate of poplar tree height is increased, the leaf area of ​​poplar tree is increased, the photosynthetic capacity of poplar tree is enhanced, the antioxidant stress resistance of poplar tree is enhanced, and fast-growing, high-quality and high-yield poplar trees are cultivated.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: This invention provides the application of the PadPGR5a gene in the breeding of fast-growing, high-quality, and high-yielding poplar. Phenotypic analysis showed that transgenic poplars overexpressing the PadPGR5a gene exhibited significantly increased plant height, a markedly higher net photosynthetic rate, and a significantly enhanced resistance to oxidative stress. This indicates that the PadPGR5a gene is an important gene resource for improving the rapid growth of forest trees, and that genetic engineering techniques can be used to provide superior transgenic varieties for the construction of fast-growing, high-quality, and high-yielding poplar plantations. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 The expression level of the PadPGR5a gene in PadPGR5a transgenic plants was analyzed. In the figure, WT represents wild plants, and LSOP1, LSOP2 and LSOP7 represent PadPGR5a transgenic plants. Figure 2 For the morphological comparison of PadPGR5a transgenic plants, WT represents wild plants, and LSOP1, LSOP2 and LSOP7 represent PadPGR5a transgenic plants. Figure 3 The results show the photosynthetic characteristics of PadPGR5a transgenic plants. In the figure, A represents net photosynthetic rate, B represents the relative electron transport rate of PSII, C represents the actual photosynthetic efficiency of PSII, D represents the actual photosynthetic efficiency of PSI, and E represents the non-photochemical energy dissipation on the recipient side of PSI. WT represents wild-type plants, and LSOP1, LSOP2, and LSOP7 represent PadPGR5a transgenic plants. This means p < 0.05. This represents p < 0.01; Figure 4 The results show the physiological characteristics of PadPGR5a transgenic plants. A represents specific leaf weight measurement, B represents chlorophyll content measurement, and C represents hydrogen peroxide staining of poplar leaves after 6 hours of intense light stress. In the figures, WT represents wild-type plants, and LSOP1, LSOP2, and LSOP7 represent PadPGR5a transgenic plants. This means p < 0.05. This means p < 0.01. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the invention. Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of the invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with those documents. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated document, the contents of this specification shall prevail.

[0021] Example 1 Based on the published genome sequence of Populus tomentosa (National Genome Science Data Center, accession number: PRJCA010101), this invention designed gene-specific primers and successfully cloned the PadPGR5a gene from mature Populus tomentosa (Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University). The PadPGR5a gene coding sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO.1, with a full length of 384 bp, encoding 127 amino acids (amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.2), and a protein molecular weight of 14 kDa.

[0022] Specific nucleotide sequence of PadPGR5a gene coding sequence, SEQ ID NO.1: ATGGCTTCTTCAATTTCTGCAACCGGGTTTAAGGGAGGTTTTGGGACTGCGTTTATGGGAAGTTGGGGCACTTCAATTGTTGGCGAAGACCATGCCATGTTGGTTAAGACAGTGCCAAGCCATGTTAGAGTTGCGAAGCCAGTGAAATCGCCTCCCATGATGAAGAACGTCAATGAAGGAAAGGGTCTTT TTGCTCCTGTTGTTGTTATTACTCGTCAAATAATCGGCAAGAAAAGGTTCAATCAGCTTCGAGGCAAAGCAATTGCCTTACACTCGCAGGTGATTACTGAGTTCTGCAAATCGATAGGAGCAGATGCAAAACAAAGGCAGGGACTGATTAGGCTGGCCAAGAAGAATGGAGAGAGACTCGGGTTCCTTGCTTGA.

[0023] The specific amino acid sequence encoded by the PadPGR5a gene is SEQ ID NO.2: MASSISATGFKGGFGTAFMGSWGTSIVGEDHAMLVKTVPSHVRVAKPVKSPPMMKNVNEGKGLFAPVVVITRQIIGKKRFNQLRGKAIALHSQVITEFCKSIGADAKQRQGLIRLAKKNGERLGFLA.

[0024] I. Materials and Methods: 1. Cloning of the PadPGR5a gene: Based on the characteristics of Populus tomentosa (… Populus adenopoda The coding sequence of the PadPGR5a gene (SEQ ID NO.1) was used to design cloning primers. RNA was extracted from Populus tomentosa leaves using the TRIZOL method and then reverse transcribed into cDNA for use as a template for cloning the target gene. The cloning primers were used to amplify the PCR product using the high-fidelity enzyme Phanta Max Master Mix. The amplification reaction program in the PCR thermal cycler was set as follows: 95℃ pre-denaturation for 3 min, 95℃ denaturation for 15 s, 58℃ annealing for 30 s, and 72℃ extension for 2 min, with 30 cycles of denaturation-annealing-extension, and a final 72℃ complete extension for 10 min. The PCR product was purified and recovered to obtain the PadPGR5a gene, which was used for subsequent gene expression vector construction.

[0025] 2. Construction of PadPGR5a gene expression vector: Using the obtained PCR product PadPGR5a gene as a template, the pEASY-Blunt Zero CloningVector (purchased from Beijing TransGen Biotech) cloning vector was first ligated. After incubation at 25℃ for 10 min, the cells were transformed into *E. coli* DH5α competent cells (purchased from Shanghai Weidi Biotechnology). Single clones were selected and cultured using LB solid medium (purchased from OXOID) containing 50 mg / L kanamycin. Bacterial detection and sequencing verification were performed using M13F / R primers (purchased from Beijing TransGen Biotech). Using the correctly sequenced plasmid as a template, recombinant primers for the target gene were designed, and the product was amplified by PCR and purified by gel extraction.

[0026] The pK2GW7 vector (from the laboratory of Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University) was double-digested with SpeI and PmeI restriction endonucleases (purchased from NEB). The target band was detected by agarose gel electrophoresis, and the linearized vector fragment was recovered from the gel. The PCR amplification product and the linearized vector fragment were ligated using the homologous recombinase Exnase II (purchased from Nanjing Vazyme), and incubated at 37°C for 30 min, followed by 5 min on ice. The cells were transformed into E. coli DH5α competent cells, and single clones were selected and cultured using LB solid medium containing 50 mg / L spectinomycin. Bacterial detection was performed using pK-F (SEQ ID NO.3: GGACTCCGGTATTTTTACAACAA) and PadPGR5a-pK-R (SEQ ID NO.4: ATCCTTGTAATCGTTTGTTTGAGCAAGGAACCCGAGT) as primers. The target band was 430 bp, and the amplification product was sequenced using primers pK-F and PadPGR5a-pK-R for verification. The recombinant vector, successfully verified by sequencing, was transformed into Agrobacterium GV3101 competent cells (purchased from Shanghai Weidi Biotechnology). Single-clone detection PCR was performed using pK-F and PadPGR5a-pK-R primers, and successfully transformed single clones were identified by electrophoresis. Positive single clones were expanded to obtain recombinant Agrobacterium culture containing the PadPGR5a gene, which was stored at -80℃ for later use.

[0027] 3. Preparation of poplar trees with high expression of PadPGR5a gene: (1) Explant treatment: Tender leaves from tissue culture seedlings of 'Nanlin 895 Populus tomentosa' that have grown for 4-6 weeks were used as explant transformation materials. After collection, the leaves were first washed with clean water, then disinfected in a clean bench with a 20% (w / v) sodium hypochlorite solution for 20 min, and rinsed with sterile distilled water at least 5 times to ensure that there was no sodium hypochlorite residue on the surface of the material. Excess distilled water was absorbed with sterile filter paper.

[0028] (2) Agrobacterium culture: 200 μL of recombinant Agrobacterium culture containing the PadPGR5a gene was added to 200 mL of YEP liquid medium (purchased from OXOID, containing 100 mg / L kanamycin and 50 mg / L rifamycin), and cultured overnight at 28°C and 180 rpm. After logarithmic amplification, the cells were centrifuged at 3600 rpm and 4°C for 15 min. The cells were resuspended in sterile 1 / 2 MS solution (containing 30 g / L sucrose) to OD. 600 The concentration was approximately 0.4, and the resulting bacterial solution was prepared for later use.

[0029] (3) Receptor infection: The previously disinfected explant leaves were cut with the tip of a knife to make an incision in the main vein, the leaf edge was removed, and the leaves were cut into squares of about 0.5×2.0cm. They were then infected in the bacterial solution for 15 minutes, during which time they were gently rotated and shaken so that each leaf could be in close contact with Agrobacterium.

[0030] (4) Co-culture: After infection, the leaves were blotted dry with filter paper, spread evenly on the co-culture medium, and placed in the dark for 2 days. The co-culture medium was based on WPM medium and also contained 20 g / L sucrose, 7.8 g / L agar, 0.5 g / L MES (2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid), 100 μM acetylsyl syringone, and pH 5.9.

[0031] (5) Callus induction culture: The leaves were transferred to the callus induction medium and cultured in the dark. The medium was replaced every two weeks. Callus tissue grew in about 2-4 weeks. The selection medium was WPM as the basal medium, which also contained 20 g / L sucrose, 7.8 g / L agar, 0.5 g / L MES, 1.0 mg / L 2,4-D, 0.1 mg / L KT (kinetin), 200 mg / L cephalosporin, 200 mg / L termethin, and 50 mg / L kanamycin, with a pH of 5.9.

[0032] (6) Differentiation culture: When the callus tissue grows to the size of a grain of rice, it is transferred to differentiation medium. The medium is changed every three weeks. The culture temperature is 25°C and the light intensity is 50 μmol·m⁻¹. 2 ·s 1 The photoperiod is 16 hours of light / 8 hours of darkness. During this period, the callus tissue will turn green, harden, and sprout. This stage lasts approximately two months. The differentiation medium is based on WPM and also contains 20 g / L sucrose, 7.8 g / L agar, 0.5 g / L MES, 0.05 mg / L NAA, 0.5 mg / L 6-BA, 200 mg / L cephalosporin, 200 mg / L termethin, and 50 mg / L kanamycin, with a pH of 5.9.

[0033] (7) Rooting culture: After the seedlings have grown to about 2cm, cut them off and place them in rooting culture medium for about a week to root. The culture temperature is 25°C and the light intensity is 50μmol·m 2 ·s 1 The photoperiod was 16 hours of light / 8 hours of darkness. The rooting medium was based on WPM and also contained 10 g / L sucrose, 7.8 g / L agar, 0.5 g / L MES, 200 mg / L cephalosporin, 200 mg / L termethin, and 50 mg / L kanamycin, with a pH of 5.9.

[0034] (8) Transplanting: When the seedlings grow to 8-10cm, transplant them into the soil and place them in a greenhouse for cultivation.

[0035] 4. Identification of genetically modified poplar trees: RNA was extracted from the plants to be tested, and quantitative real-time PCR was performed using specific primers to analyze the expression level of the target gene.

[0036] 5. Characterization of traits in transgenic poplar plants: (1) Poplar height growth measurement: Wild-type 'Nanlin 895 Poplar' and overexpression transgenic lines with different expression levels were selected after 2 months of soil cultivation. The growth characteristics were observed and recorded, and the plant height was measured.

[0037] (2) Photosynthetic index determination: Net photosynthetic rate (Pn) was determined using a Li-6800 portable photosynthetic analyzer, and induction kinetic curve and rapid light curve were determined using a Dual-PAM-100 dual-channel modulated chlorophyll fluorescence meter.

[0038] (3) Measurement of physiological indicators: Specific leaf weight determination: Select healthy, intact poplar leaves and accurately measure the leaf area using a leaf area meter. Dry the leaves in an oven until constant weight, and weigh them using a precision balance after cooling. Divide the dry weight of the leaf by the leaf area to obtain the specific leaf weight.

[0039] Chlorophyll content determination: Acetone extraction method was adopted: Weigh 0.05g of leaf powder, add 1.5mL of 80% acetone, mix by inversion, and store at -20℃ for 40min; after centrifugation at 13000rpm for 2min, collect the supernatant, add 1mL of 80% acetone, mix by inversion, and store at -20℃ for 40min; repeat the previous step; after centrifugation at 13000rpm for 2min, collect the supernatant again, mix the supernatants of the three times to obtain the chlorophyll extract, and collect it in a 5mL brown centrifuge tube; measure the absorbance at 663nm and 645nm, calculate the chlorophyll content, and repeat the biological test 3 times.

[0040] Formula for calculating chlorophyll content: Chlorophyll a (mg / g) = Total volume of extract (12.7 × OD) 663-2.69×OD 645 ) / 1000 / fresh weight of leaves; chlorophyll b (mg / g) = total volume of extract (22.9 × OD) 645 -4.68×OD 663 ) / 1000 / fresh weight of leaves.

[0041] Plant hydrogen peroxide staining: Poplar leaves were stained with hydrogen peroxide using plant hydrogen peroxide staining solution (Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd. R24619).

[0042] II. Results and Analysis: 1. Quantitative detection of the target gene in transgenic poplar: The PadPGR5a gene was transferred into 'Nanlin 895 Populus tomentosa' by constructing a plant overexpression vector. RNA was then extracted from transgenic and wild-type plants for reverse transcription and gene quantification analysis. The real-time quantitative PCR system was programmed with 95℃ pre-denaturation for 30 s, 40 cycles (95℃ 10 s, 60℃ 30 s), and finally, melting curves were collected (95℃ 15 s, 60℃ 60 s, 95℃ 15 s). Two... －ΔΔCt The relative expression level of the target gene is calculated using this method.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, WT represents wild-type plants, and LSOP1, LSOP2, and LSOP7 represent transgenic plants. It can be seen that the vector of the PadPGR5a gene in LSOP1, LSOP2, and LSOP7 has been integrated into the recipient poplar genome and caused overexpression of the gene.

[0044] 2. Analysis of phenotypic, photosynthetic, and physiological changes in transgenic poplar trees: like Figure 2 As shown, WT represents wild-type plants, and LSOP1, LSOP2, and LSOP7 represent plants with high expression of the PadPGR5a gene. The plant height of plants with high expression of the PadPGR5a gene is significantly increased. This shows that high expression of the PadPGR5a gene promotes plant height growth and leaf size, which is beneficial for obtaining more photosynthetic energy.

[0045] like Figure 3 China A Figure 3 B, Figure 3 C, Figure 3 China D and Figure 3As shown in Figure E, WT represents wild-type plants, and LSOP1, LSOP2, and LSOP7 represent plants with high expression of the PadPGR5a gene. Compared with wild-type plants, plants with high expression of the PadPGR5a gene showed a significantly increased net photosynthetic rate, and the relative electron transport efficiency of PSII showed an increasing trend in most overexpression lines. Under strong light of 1262 μmol·m⁻¹, [the results were achieved]. 2 ·s 1 Under 5-minute induction conditions, plants with high expression of the PadPGR5a gene further exhibited advantages, with significantly higher actual photochemical quantum efficiency (YII) of PSII compared to wild-type plants. Compared to wild-type plants, the non-photochemical energy dissipation (YNA) on the PSI receptor side was significantly reduced in plants with high expression of the PadPGR5a gene. This indicates that the PSI receptor side (mainly ferrugin and NADP)... + The protective heat dissipation mechanism triggered by reducing stress was weakened in plants with high PadPGR5a gene expression. The quantum efficiency (YI) of PSI did not change significantly between the two groups, indicating that the core function of the PSI reaction center was not disrupted. Therefore, overexpression of the PadPGR5a gene generally significantly enhanced the photosynthetic capacity of poplar plants.

[0046] like Figure 4 China A Figure 4 China B and Figure 4 As shown in Figure C, WT represents wild-type plants, while LSOP1, LSOP2, and LSOP7 represent transgenic plants. Plants with high PadPGR5a gene expression exhibit significantly higher specific leaf weight, indicating that PadPGR5a gene overexpression results in thicker, denser poplar leaves, which is beneficial for light capture and carbon dioxide diffusion and fixation. The chlorophyll a / b ratio in PadPGR5a gene-overexpressing plants was significantly lower than that in wild-type plants (WT). The decreased a / b ratio signifies an increased proportion of light-harvesting antenna pigments (chlorophyll b and related LHCII proteins) relative to reaction centers (chlorophyll a), indicating that PadPGR5a gene overexpression enhances the light-harvesting capacity of poplar leaves. Hydrogen peroxide staining results showed that wild-type plants had the most brown areas, indicating that wild-type plants accumulated significantly higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially hydrogen peroxide. Overexpressing plants showed stronger resistance to oxidative stress.

[0047] In summary, overexpression of PadPGR5a increased the specific weight of poplar leaves, made the leaves more compact, enhanced light-harvesting capacity and potential photoprotection, and significantly improved photosynthetic efficiency. These positive effects worked together to effectively reduce excess electron accumulation and energy stress in the photosynthetic electron transport chain, thereby significantly reducing the production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Therefore, overexpression of the PadPGR5a gene not only enhanced the plant's basal photosynthetic capacity and light energy utilization efficiency but also significantly improved its redox homeostasis under light stress conditions and enhanced the cellular antioxidant capacity, which is of positive significance for improving plant environmental adaptability and productivity.

[0048] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of the PadPGR5a gene in the breeding of fast-growing, high-quality, and high-yielding poplar trees, characterized by: The nucleotide sequence of the PadPGR5a gene is shown in SEQ ID NO.

1. The characteristic feature is that by overexpressing the PadPGR5a gene, the growth rate of poplar tree height is increased, the leaf area of ​​poplar tree is increased, the photosynthetic capacity of poplar tree is enhanced, the antioxidant stress resistance of poplar tree is enhanced, and fast-growing, high-quality and high-yield poplar trees are cultivated.

2. The application of the PadPGR5a gene in regulating poplar plant height, characterized by: The nucleotide sequence of the PadPGR5a gene is shown in SEQ ID NO.

1. Overexpression of the PadPGR5a gene can increase the growth rate of poplar trees.

3. The application of the PadPGR5a gene in regulating poplar leaf growth, characterized by, The nucleotide sequence of the PadPGR5a gene is shown in SEQ ID NO.

1. Overexpression of the PadPGR5a gene increases the leaf area of ​​poplar leaves.

4. The application of the PadPGR5a gene in regulating the photosynthetic capacity of poplar trees, characterized by: The nucleotide sequence of the PadPGR5a gene is shown in SEQ ID NO.

1. Overexpression of the PadPGR5a gene enhances the photosynthetic capacity of poplar trees.

5. The application according to claim 4, characterized in that, Overexpression of the PadPGR5a gene increases the specific leaf weight of poplar plants, enhances the light-harvesting capacity of leaves, and improves the photosynthetic capacity of poplars.

6. The application of the PadPGR5a gene in regulating the oxidative stress resistance of poplar trees, characterized by, The nucleotide sequence of the PadPGR5a gene is shown in SEQ ID NO.

1. Overexpression of the PadPGR5a gene enhances the oxidative stress resistance of poplar trees.

7. The application according to claim 6, characterized in that, Overexpression of the PadPGR5a gene reduces the production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species, thereby enhancing the oxidative stress resistance of poplar trees.

8. The protein encoded by the PadPGR5a gene as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the PadPGR5a gene is shown in SEQ ID NO.

2.

9. The application of the protein encoded by the PadPGR5a gene as described in claim 8 in the breeding of fast-growing, high-quality, and high-yielding poplar trees, characterized in that, By overexpressing the protein encoded by the PadPGR5a gene, we can improve the growth rate of poplar trees, increase the leaf area of ​​poplar trees, enhance the photosynthetic capacity of poplar trees, enhance the oxidative stress resistance of poplar trees, and cultivate fast-growing, high-quality and high-yield poplar trees.

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