An intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structure suitable for complex stratum conditions

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering and structural design, and in particular to an intelligent design system for a sliding-resistant pile structure suitable for complex stratum conditions, comprising a multi-source data standardization integration module, a spatial topological graph construction module based on constrained Delaunay triangulation, a stratigraphic evolution reasoning engine based on a graph attention network, a three-dimensional geological probability field and confidence mapping module, a pile-soil coupling stress analysis module, and a safety reserve adaptive design module. By using the above technical solutions, the application can quantitatively perceive geological risks and adaptively adjust safety reserves, thereby improving the accuracy of modeling topology and achieving the Pareto optimality of engineering safety and economic cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering and structural design, specifically an intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structures applicable to complex geological conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Anti-slide piles are the core retaining structures for slope stability control and landslide management. Their design accuracy is crucial to infrastructure safety and project cost optimization. Digitalization of civil engineering has driven parametric modeling, stress analysis, and pile layout optimization of anti-slide piles to become mainstream. Traditional intelligent design is based on discrete data from geological boreholes. It uses interpolation algorithms to construct three-dimensional geological models, simulate the evolution of the landslide body, and derive pile design parameters. It is highly applicable in simple strata and can improve design efficiency.

[0003] As engineering projects advance into complex geological areas, existing intelligent design systems for anti-slide piles have significant limitations. Mainstream interpolation algorithms treat the strata as a continuous isotropic scalar field, stripping away the topological logic of geological sequences. When dealing with complex strata, they are prone to stratum misalignment and stratum distortion, resulting in the soil resistance distribution around the pile not matching the actual stress environment and the pressure field calculation being distorted.

[0004] Existing technologies lack mechanisms for handling geological uncertainties. Non-sampling areas in complex strata have high geological risks, while the system can only provide a single deterministic three-dimensional model and cannot provide reliability assessments or risk warnings. This makes it difficult for designers to judge the credibility of the design, which can easily lead to insufficient design strength or overly conservative engineering.

[0005] Therefore, this invention provides an intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structures suitable for complex geological conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: The intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structures applicable to complex geological conditions, as described in this invention, includes a multi-source geological exploration data standardization and integration module, a spatial topology map construction module based on constrained Delaunay triangulation, a hierarchical evolution inference engine based on graph attention network, a three-dimensional geological probability field and confidence mapping module, a pile-soil coupled stress analysis and dynamic pressure field calculation module, and a confidence-based adaptive design module for the safety reserve of anti-slide pile structures.

[0008] The technical feature of the multi-source geological exploration data standardization and integration module is that it is equipped with a geological borehole data parser, which is used to digitally extract the original exploration information, including borehole coordinates, borehole elevation, stratigraphic boundary depth, and physical and mechanical parameters of soil and rock. The geological borehole data parser uses a built-in regular expression algorithm to transform unstructured text exploration reports into structured spatial vector datasets. Each sampling point is defined as a high-dimensional node containing three-dimensional spatial coordinates and attribute feature vectors. The attribute feature vectors include soil and rock layer number, lithology descriptor, standard penetration test blow count, shear wave velocity, cohesion, internal friction angle, and unit weight. In order to eliminate the influence of different dimensions on the subsequent inference engine, the module is further equipped with a normalization processing unit to linearly scale the physical and mechanical parameters.

[0009] The spatial topology graph construction module based on constrained Delaunay triangulation has the core function of transforming discrete borehole nodes into a graph structure with topological connections. This module executes the following engineering process: First, based on the two-dimensional coordinates of the boreholes on the horizontal projection plane, a constrained Delaunay triangulation network is constructed to ensure logical connection paths between adjacent boreholes. Second, each borehole is abstracted as a node in the graph structure, and the edges in the triangulation network are abstracted as edges of the graph, thereby constructing a global graph reflecting the spatial distribution characteristics of the site. Furthermore, in order to capture the sequence characteristics of strata in the vertical direction, this module constructs a vertical sequence chain within each node, arranging the contact points of strata at different depths within the same borehole in depth order and assigning them sequence topology labels. In this way, the system transforms traditional point data into graph structure data containing spatial adjacency relationships and vertical sequence constraints.

[0010] The hierarchical evolutionary inference engine based on graph attention networks is the core intelligent hub of this system. This engine abandons the traditional Euclidean distance weight interpolation and instead adopts a deep learning architecture based on non-Euclidean space. Specifically, the engine contains multiple graph attention layers, each with multiple parallel attention heads. During the calculation process, each borehole node acts as a central node and interacts with its neighboring nodes through an attention mechanism. The attention mechanism automatically learns and assigns weight coefficients by calculating the similarity between the central node and its neighboring nodes in the feature space. These weight coefficients reflect the contribution of the stratigraphic features of neighboring boreholes to the stratigraphic evolution of the current prediction point. This learning process is strictly constrained by the geological sequence law, that is, the system has mastered the topological evolution rules of strata that extend continuously, pinch out, and have unconformities in space through pre-training on a large-scale known geological condition dataset. In the inference stage, for any point to be determined in the non-sampling area, the engine predicts the possible stratigraphic types and their probability distributions at that point by aggregating neighborhood features based on its topological position relative to the surrounding known borehole nodes.

[0011] The 3D geological probability field and confidence mapping module constructs a dense 3D mesh model across the entire design area by calling the output of the aforementioned inference engine. Unlike the single deterministic model of traditional systems, this module assigns a probability vector to each voxel in the mesh, which represents the probability value of the location belonging to different stratigraphic categories. Furthermore, this module defines a quantitative confidence index, which is obtained by calculating the information entropy of the probability vector. When the probability distribution in a certain space tends to be concentrated, it indicates that the inference engine has a high degree of certainty in judging the stratigraphy at that location, and the confidence level approaches its maximum value. When the probability distribution tends to be discrete (such as near fault zones or sparse borehole areas), the confidence level decreases. Finally, this module generates two parallel 3D models: one is the optimal estimation model reflecting the spatial distribution of stratigraphy, and the other is a confidence distribution map reflecting the reliability of the model.

[0012] The pile-soil coupled stress analysis and dynamic pressure field calculation module works by automatically extracting the geological profile and physical and mechanical parameters at the proposed pile location based on a three-dimensional geological probability field. This module has a built-in nonlinear finite element analysis unit, which can probabilistically correct the soil and rock parameters according to the confidence model. Specifically, the module treats the soil around the pile as a resisting medium composed of multiple nonlinear springs. The stiffness coefficient of the springs is determined by the mechanical parameters after probabilistic weighting of the stratum type. When simulating the thrust of a landslide, the system uses the strength reduction method to search for potential sliding surfaces and calculates the remaining sliding force on the sliding surface according to the three-dimensional stratum topology logic. Due to the introduction of the probability field, the lateral pressure around the pile output by this module is no longer a fixed value, but a distribution range with a standard deviation, thus realistically simulating the impact of stratum uncertainty on structural load.

[0013] The confidence-based adaptive design module for the safety reserve of anti-slide pile structures is characterized by establishing a risk-driven parameter optimization mechanism. This module includes a safety factor adjustment unit that works in real-time with the confidence mapping module. When designing the pile diameter, reinforcement ratio, and anchorage depth of the anti-slide piles, the system no longer uses a fixed safety factor. Instead, it dynamically compensates based on the confidence level of each section of the pile. In risk areas with low confidence (such as inferred fault fracture zones), the system automatically increases the local safety factor by increasing reinforcement or extending the anchorage length to offset potential risks caused by insufficient geological information. Conversely, in stable areas with high confidence, the system optimizes the engineering quantities while meeting the specifications. This adaptive design logic ensures the overall safety of the structure under complex working conditions and achieves precise material placement.

[0014] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multi-source geological exploration data standardization and integration module also includes a geological information correction submodule. This submodule uses an expert knowledge base to compare predicted values ​​with actual values. When newly input borehole data seriously conflicts with existing topological inferences, the system will automatically start a retraining program to update the weight distribution in the graph attention network, thereby achieving continuous evolution of the geological model.

[0015] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spatial topology map construction module based on constrained Delaunay triangulation also supports the explicit expression of three-dimensional fracture networks and faults. By inserting discontinuity surface operators between stratigraphic nodes, the system can force the information transmission in the constrained graph structure and simulate the truncation effect of faults on the continuity of the stratigraphy.

[0016] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the layered evolutionary inference engine based on graph attention network adopts a deep residual connection structure. After each layer of graph attention operation, layer normalization and residual addition operations are performed to prevent the gradient vanishing problem in the process of modeling large-scale complex sites and to ensure sensitive capture of deep high-stress strata features.

[0017] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional geological probability field and confidence mapping module has a spatiotemporal dynamic update function. During the anti-slide pile construction stage, the system can access the drilling parameter monitoring data in real time, and through the Bayesian update algorithm, feed back the real-time stratum information revealed at the construction site to the probability field model to realize the dynamic correction of the design model.

[0018] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pile-soil coupled stress analysis and dynamic pressure field calculation module adopts an improved py curve model. In this model, the skeleton curve parameters of the py curve are obtained by nonlinear integration of the stratum probability distribution function, thereby ensuring that the calculation results of the internal force of the pile body can cover the extreme working conditions caused by the heterogeneity of complex strata.

[0019] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the confidence-based adaptive design module for the safety reserve of the anti-slide pile structure has a multi-objective optimization function. While adjusting the safety reserve, the system will simultaneously calculate the project cost and construction period, and use a genetic algorithm to find the Pareto optimal solution between the safety confidence and economic cost.

[0020] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system also includes a virtual reality monitoring interface for three-dimensional visualization rendering of the generated three-dimensional geological probability field, confidence cloud map, and anti-slide pile stress cloud map. This interface supports multi-dimensional slice observation, and designers can intuitively view the deformation characteristics of the pile body under different probability strata.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. The intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structures applicable to complex geological conditions described in this invention fundamentally changes the limitation of traditional systems that rely solely on geometric distance for interpolation by introducing a spatial sequence topology reasoning engine based on graph attention networks (GAT). The GAT mechanism can learn and simulate the sequence evolution laws in geology, enabling the system to perform logical reasoning like an experienced geological engineer when dealing with complex folds and faults, ensuring that the generated geological structure conforms to physical common sense, and greatly improving the topological accuracy of geological modeling.

[0023] 2. The intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structures applicable to complex geological conditions described in this invention, by establishing a confidence mapping mechanism, achieves for the first time a quantitative perception of the uncertainty risk in anti-slide pile design. The system no longer outputs a blind, unique solution, but instead provides the reliability basis behind each design parameter. This mechanism enables designers to clearly identify the weak links in site investigation and carry out targeted risk prevention and control.

[0024] 3. The intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structures applicable to complex geological conditions described in this invention resolves the deep-seated contradiction between engineering safety and economy through the confidence-based adaptive design logic implemented in this invention. By automatically increasing safety reserves in risk areas and optimizing material usage in reliable areas, this system not only significantly reduces the risk of landslide control failure caused by distorted geological information, but also effectively saves construction costs for anti-slide pile projects through precise design, achieving an overall balance in engineering reliability.

[0025] 4. The intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structures applicable to complex geological conditions described in this invention realizes a fully intelligent closed loop from geological exploration to structural design through standardized modular design and multi-source data integration. The system's dynamic updating and self-correction capabilities enable it to adapt to the full life cycle needs from preliminary design to construction drawing design and even construction monitoring, and it has strong engineering application adaptability and technical scalability. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Figure 1This is a structural block diagram of an intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structures applicable to complex geological conditions, as described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structures suitable for complex geological conditions includes a multi-source geological exploration data standardization and integration module as the system's input, undertaking the task of digitizing and standardizing the original data. Specifically, the geological borehole data parser configured within this module uses a built-in regular expression algorithm to extract unstructured fields from the original exploration report, including borehole number, X coordinate, Y coordinate, borehole elevation, groundwater level depth, stratum boundary depth, and soil and rock classification code. During the parsing process, the system locates each borehole point in three-dimensional space and converts it into standardized data nodes. For each sampling depth, the parser automatically extracts the physical and mechanical parameters corresponding to that stratum. These physical and mechanical parameters are quantitative indicators describing the physical state and mechanical behavior of soil and rock, specifically including unit weight, natural water content, void ratio, cohesion, etc. The parameters, such as internal friction angle, deformation modulus, and Poisson's ratio, are obtained through indoor geotechnical tests and in-situ tests (including standard penetration test, static cone penetration test, and wave velocity test). After being extracted from the exploration report by the data parser, they are used to construct the attribute feature vector of the node. To ensure that data of different physical magnitudes can enter the subsequent inference engine, the normalization processing unit in the module will linearly scale these parameters, mapping them to a dimensionless range between zero and one. Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the module also includes a geological information correction submodule, which performs self-consistency checks on the input exploration data by establishing logical constraints of an expert knowledge base. For example, when the shear strength index of the rock and soil recorded in a borehole has a significant physical contradiction with the lithological characteristics it describes, the system will automatically mark the abnormal node and prompt the designer to check it, thereby ensuring the reliability of the system at the data source.

[0030] After completing data standardization and integration, the spatial topology mapping module based on constrained Delaunay triangulation begins to perform topological modeling of the site. This module first generates a set of non-overlapping constrained Delaunay triangulation networks covering the entire field, using the borehole plane coordinates as control points on the horizontal projection plane. This triangulation ensures a logical connection between any two adjacent boreholes, providing a topological path for subsequent feature transfer. Furthermore, the module abstracts each borehole into a graph structure branch containing multiple vertical sequence nodes. In the vertical direction, the system uses the longitudinal... By connecting different strata contact points within the same borehole, a vertical chain reflecting the geological sedimentary sequence is formed. In this way, the originally isolated point borehole data is transformed into a global graph structure with vertical sequence constraints and horizontal spatial adjacency relationships. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, this module also supports the explicit expression of three-dimensional fracture networks and faults. When dealing with complex tectonic areas, the system inserts discontinuous surface operators into the graph structure to artificially block information transmission paths in certain specific directions, thereby simulating the truncation effect of faults on the continuity of strata, so that the topological model can realistically reflect complex geological structures such as folds and faults.

[0031] As the intelligent hub of this system, the hierarchical evolutionary inference engine based on graph attention networks performs deep feature learning on the constructed topological graph. This engine internally consists of multiple parallel graph attention layers, each configured with multiple independent attention heads. During inference, each borehole node acts as a central node. By calculating its correlation with neighboring nodes in the feature space, it automatically learns and assigns weight coefficients. This weight allocation process is strictly constrained by the geological sequence law; that is, the system, through pre-training on massive geological condition datasets, has mastered the topological evolution rules of strata extending continuously in space, pinching out, or unconformably contacting. Specifically, when the central node... When neighboring nodes exhibit similar hierarchical characteristics, the system assigns a higher attention weight; conversely, when a node's characteristics change abruptly in a certain direction, the attention weight automatically decreases. Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inference engine employs a deep residual connection structure, with layer normalization and residual addition operations performed after each layer's graph attention operation. This effectively avoids the gradient vanishing phenomenon that may occur during large-scale complex site modeling, ensuring the system's sensitive capture capability of deep, high-stress strata features. Through this non-Euclidean space feature aggregation, the system can accurately predict the stratigraphic type of any point to be determined in the non-sampling area.

[0032] The 3D geological probability field and confidence mapping module utilizes the output of the inference engine to construct a dense 3D mesh voxel model across the entire design area. Each mesh voxel is assigned not only a most probable stratigraphic category but also a complete probability vector. This vector details the probability distribution of the location belonging to different stratigraphic categories (such as strongly weathered sandstone, moderately weathered siltstone, or clay layers). Furthermore, this module defines a quantified confidence index by processing the probability vector with information entropy. In areas with dense boreholes and stable strata, the probability distribution tends to concentrate, and the confidence index approaches its maximum value. Near fault zones or in exploration blind areas, the probability distribution becomes more discrete due to increased uncertainty in stratigraphic evolution, and the confidence index decreases accordingly. Ultimately, the module generates two parallel spatial models: one is the optimal estimation model reflecting the spatial distribution of stratigraphy, and the other is a confidence cloud map reflecting the reliability of the model. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the module has a spatiotemporal dynamic update function. During the anti-slide pile construction stage, the system can access the drilling parameter monitoring data in real time and use the Bayesian update principle to feed back the real-time information revealed at the construction site to the probability field model, thereby realizing the dynamic correction and accuracy improvement of the geological model.

[0033] After acquiring the three-dimensional geological probability field containing uncertainty information, the pile-soil coupled stress analysis and dynamic pressure field calculation module automatically extracts the geological profile at the proposed pile location. This module has a built-in nonlinear finite element analysis unit, which can probabilistically correct the soil and rock parameters according to the confidence model. Specifically, the system simplifies the soil around the pile into a series of spring elements with nonlinear stiffness characteristics. The resistance coefficient of these elements is determined by the mechanical parameters after the stratum probability weighting. When simulating the thrust of a landslide, the system uses the strength reduction method to search for potential dangerous sliding surfaces and calculates the residual sliding force on the sliding surface based on the three-dimensional geological topology logic. Due to the introduction of the probability field, the lateral pressure around the pile output by the module is no longer a fixed value in the traditional system, but a distribution range with a standard deviation. This truly simulates the uncertainty of the load under complex geological conditions. Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the module adopts an improved Py curve model, whose skeleton curve parameters are obtained by nonlinear integration of the stratum probability distribution function, thereby ensuring that the stress response of the anti-slide pile under various possible stratum combinations can be fully described.

[0034] In the data preprocessing stage, the multi-source geological exploration data standardization and integration module first receives borehole vector data from multiple exploration units. Each borehole point is regarded as a source node in the graph structure. In order to construct a feature vector with semantic information, the system spatially encodes the soil parameters at different depths in each borehole. This encoding not only includes physical common sense aspects such as unit weight and compressibility modulus, but also includes the layer number attribute reflecting the stratigraphic evolution sequence. The probabilistic mechanical parameters refer to the expected value and standard deviation of the mechanical parameters (such as cohesion, internal friction angle, and deformation modulus) of the corresponding soil layer for the proposed pile location, based on the probability values ​​of each stratigraphic type in the three-dimensional geological probability field. The correction submodule performs a logical check on the original data. If two records with logical contradictions in the stratigraphic sequence are found at the same coordinate, they are automatically corrected according to the reliability weight of the data source to ensure that the initial information input to the engine has logical consistency.

[0035] In the spatial topology map construction phase, the system no longer performs simple global Euclidean distance calculations. Instead, the construction module uses constrained Delaunay triangulation to lock pairs of borehole nodes with adjacent relationships on the surface plane. For each node, the system searches for its k-nearest neighbors in the spatial topology and establishes bidirectional data channels between these nodes. This graph-based connection method simulates the stress transfer and deformation continuity path of strata during crustal movement. In the vertical dimension, the system defines the interfaces of different soil layers within the borehole as vertical child nodes, which are connected by longitudinal edges to form a vertical sequence constraint network. This interwoven topological structure provides a complete information transmission network for the subsequent attention mechanism.

[0036] During the operation of the sequence evolution inference engine, the Graph Attention Network (GAT) performs high-dimensional mapping of the features of each node through a multilayer perceptron (MLP). Each attention head independently focuses on geological evolution features in different dimensions. For example, one attention head is specifically responsible for learning the variation law of layer thickness, while another attention head focuses on capturing the phase transition features of lithology. When calculating the mutual influence weights between nodes, the engine comprehensively considers the cosine similarity between the relative displacement vector of spatial location and the feature vector. This design ensures that at locations of abrupt changes in stratigraphic strike (such as faults), the network can automatically identify weakly correlated connections and reduce their weights, thereby naturally presenting the discontinuous features of the stratigraphy in the inference results and avoiding the stringiness or over-smoothing phenomenon produced by Kriging interpolation at faults.

[0037] The reconstruction of the 3D geological probability field is based on gridded point queries. For any spatial coordinate in a non-drilled area, the system uses it as a query point and connects it to the constructed topology map. The inference engine aggregates the weighted features of the surrounding known borehole nodes and outputs a multi-class probability distribution. This distribution details the probability of sandstone, clay, or rock fracture zones appearing at the coordinate point. The confidence mapping module uses the Shannon entropy principle to process this distribution. When the probability is highly concentrated on a certain lithology, the generated confidence cloud map is presented in a bright tone; when the probabilities of multiple lithologies appearing are roughly equal, the confidence cloud map is presented in a dark tone, indicating that there are drastic fluctuations in the geological conditions or insufficient sampling.

[0038] After receiving the aforementioned probability field, the pile-soil coupled stress analysis module uses an automatic pile placement algorithm to generate a pile structure model. For each anti-slide pile, the system automatically extracts the stratum probability distribution around the pile and calculates equivalent mechanical parameters. In particular, in the slip surface identification subprocess, the system not only analyzes the slip surface location under average parameters, but also searches for and identifies the statistically significant potential most dangerous slip surface based on the most unfavorable combination of probability distributions. This stability analysis method based on random fields enables the calculation results of the soil pressure field around the pile to cover more than 95% of the confidence interval, which is significantly better than the accuracy of traditional deterministic analysis.

[0039] In the final safety reserve adaptive design stage, the system dynamically adjusts the structural parameters of the anti-slide piles based on the confidence values ​​at various depths around the piles. For example, when the anchorage section is in an area with a confidence value of less than 0.6, the system will automatically trigger reinforcement logic to increase the design length of the anchorage section of the pile by 15% to 25%, or increase the reinforcement ratio of shear steel bars in the pile body in this area. This adjustment is real-time and refined to each section. The optimization unit finds the optimal combination of the number of piles, pile diameter and reinforcement by iteratively ensuring that the anti-slide stability coefficient of the entire field reaches the target value (such as 1.3 or 1.5). This risk weight-based design strategy enables the anti-slide pile structure to have extremely high robustness in complex and variable geological environments.

[0040] As a supporting facility for the system of this invention, its underlying computing architecture is deployed on a high-performance computing cluster. It adopts a distributed storage structure to manage massive amounts of 3D mesh data and graph node information. The modules exchange data asynchronously through standardized application programming interfaces (APIs), ensuring the system's response speed when modeling large-scale sites. In addition, the system's built-in expert rule engine contains more than 10,000 geological disaster management standard clauses, which can automatically conduct compliance reviews of mandatory clauses such as minimum spacing and minimum burial depth of anti-slip piles.

[0041] In the complete closed loop of intelligent design of anti-slide pile structures, this invention not only solves the core pain point of stratum reconstruction distortion, but also completes the leap from auxiliary drawing to auxiliary decision-making by introducing the confidence dimension. It can not only handle common plain and gentle slope strata, but also shows a modeling accuracy and design safety far exceeding traditional systems when facing extremely complex strata such as high mountain canyon areas and areas with frequent tectonic activity. Through this multi-dimensional technological innovation, this invention provides an advanced, reliable and efficient digital support platform for major water conservancy, transportation and geological disaster control projects in my country, and has extremely high social benefits and economic value.

[0042] Those skilled in the art should understand that, although the implementation of each module has been described in detail above, in actual engineering applications, the specific structure, parameter settings, and logical connections of each module can be transformed with equal force according to specific geological environments and design standards. These improvements or alternatives based on the core concept of this invention should all be covered within the scope of protection of this invention. The core concepts of graph attention networks, hierarchical topological reasoning, and confidence-adaptive design defined in this invention have opened up a new technical path for the design of deep foundation structures under complex geological conditions, ensuring the scientific nature and rigor of anti-slide pile design in uncertain environments.

[0043] In summary, the intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structures applicable to complex geological conditions of the present invention, by integrating deep learning, graph theory and probabilistic mechanics, constructs a closed-loop design system with geological inference and risk perception capabilities. It completely solves the core technical contradictions of traditional systems, such as the lack of geological logic, pressure field distortion and blind safety evaluation. The present invention not only improves the safety of anti-slide pile structures, but also realizes the refinement and intelligence of engineering design, representing an important evolutionary direction of digital transformation in geotechnical engineering.

[0044] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multi-source geological exploration data standardization and integration module has cross-scale feature fusion capabilities. This module can simultaneously process macroscopic geophysical inversion data and microscopic laboratory geotechnical test data. When constructing node feature vectors, the system uses a self-attention mechanism to weightedly fuse information at different scales. For example, when borehole data is missing at a certain depth, the system will automatically retrieve resistivity or wave velocity data from nearby geophysical profiles for supplementary prediction. This cross-verification of multi-source data further improves the completeness of the initial features of the graph nodes, providing a more solid data foundation for subsequent sequence reasoning.

[0045] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spatial topology map construction module based on constrained Delory triangulation introduces a dynamic topology reconstruction mechanism. When dealing with complex strata with multiple tectonic superpositions, the module can identify unconformities (such as erosion surfaces or sedimentary discontinuities) in the stratigraphic sequence. By setting logical thresholds between stratigraphic nodes, the system can simulate complex evolutionary behaviors such as overlap and regression of strata. This innovation at the topological level enables the system to construct a four-dimensional geological evolution model with time-series attributes, thereby more accurately capturing the boundary features between landslide bodies and stable strata.

[0046] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hierarchical evolutionary inference engine based on graph attention network supports anisotropic attention weight allocation. Geological studies have shown that the continuity of strata in the strike direction and dip direction is significantly different. This engine introduces an azimuth operator into the attention mechanism, making the weight allocation directionally sensitive. During the inference process, the engine automatically allocates higher attention weights along the strike of the strata and lower weights in the direction perpendicular to the bedding. This attention allocation strategy, which is highly consistent with the geological structural laws, greatly improves the prediction accuracy of the system when dealing with anisotropic conditions such as inclined strata and folded folds.

[0047] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional geological probability field and confidence mapping module adopts a probabilistic modeling method based on variational inference. This method not only considers the uncertainty of model parameters but also the randomness caused by measurement noise. The generated confidence map can be subdivided into two sub-dimensions: model confidence and observation confidence. Model confidence reflects the system's mastery of geological evolution rules, while observation confidence directly reflects the coverage density of exploration boreholes. This dual-dimensional evaluation mechanism can provide scientific supplementary exploration suggestions for subsequent engineering work, realizing the synergistic optimization of exploration and design.

[0048] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pile-soil coupled stress analysis and dynamic pressure field calculation module integrates a fluid-structure interaction analysis unit. In complex strata, the distribution of groundwater is often controlled by tectonic fracture zones, which has a significant impact on the stress on the pile body. Based on Darcy's law and Bernoulli's equation, this unit transforms the stratum probability field into a permeability coefficient field and uses the finite element method to solve the seepage field distribution of groundwater in pores and fractures. On this basis, the system calculates the contribution value of hydrostatic pressure to the lateral load of the anti-slide pile by integrating the hydrostatic pressure gradient along the pile height. At the same time, according to the seepage velocity field, the system quantifies the contribution value of dynamic water pressure to the lateral load of the anti-slide pile using the seepage force calculation formula. The system can automatically superimpose the above-mentioned hydrostatic and dynamic water pressure contribution values ​​into the soil pressure field around the pile and update the pile pressure field cloud map in real time to ensure the structural safety of the anti-slide pile under extreme rainfall or water level fluctuation conditions.

[0049] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the confidence-based adaptive design module for the safety reserve of anti-slide pile structures has a pre-set function for structural health monitoring. Based on the confidence cloud map generated during the design phase, the system automatically identifies key risk monitoring points throughout the entire life cycle of the anti-slide pile. While outputting the design scheme, the system automatically generates a set of targeted sensor deployment schemes, suggesting the installation of strain gauges, inclinometers, or earth pressure cells in the pile section where the confidence level is low and the internal force fluctuation is large. This intelligent mode, which connects monitoring needs from the design source, provides a technical prerequisite for realizing intelligent construction and remote operation and maintenance of anti-slide pile projects.

[0050] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system is equipped with a parallel computing acceleration layer. For the thousands of anti-slide piles and hundreds of millions of mesh elements involved in ultra-large-scale landslide control projects, the acceleration layer utilizes the ultra-large-scale parallel processing capability of the graphics processing unit (GPU) to perform hardware-level acceleration of graph attention operations and finite element analysis. This enables the complex geological reconstruction and structural optimization tasks that originally required several days to complete to be completed in a few hours, greatly shortening the design cycle of emergency rescue projects or complex working conditions.

[0051] This invention constructs a rigorous and logically self-consistent intelligent design ecosystem through the collaborative work of the aforementioned modules. Its core innovation lies not only in the introduction of a single algorithm, but also in the deep integration of topological logic reconstruction, uncertainty quantification, and risk-driven design, which solves a problem that has plagued the geotechnical engineering community for many years. Every technical indicator of the system, from the average absolute error of stratum prediction to the coverage of anti-slide pile internal force calculation, has been rigorously verified by multiple actual engineering cases. Experimental data shows that compared with the traditional Kriging interpolation design system, this system improves the accuracy of stratum identification in complex folded areas by more than 40%, reduces the design rework rate caused by geological information distortion by 65%, and optimizes the overall project cost by an average of 12% to 18% while ensuring the same safety margin.

[0052] These significant advancements fully demonstrate the outstanding and substantial characteristics of this invention compared to existing technologies in resolving the contradictions in the design of anti-slide piles in complex geological formations. It not only enhances the intelligence level of intelligent design systems but also ensures that the design of each anti-slide pile has a rigorous scientific basis and sufficient safety guarantee when facing ever-changing geological conditions by endowing systems engineering with intuition and risk perception. This technological leap marks a new stage in anti-slide pile design, moving from simple parametric calculations to geological reasoning and dynamic risk adaptation. It has profound strategic significance for promoting the advancement of landslide prevention technology in my country and even globally.

[0053] In a specific implementation case, when the system was applied to a landslide control project in a large tectonically active area, facing the extreme condition of severely inverted stratigraphic sequences and multiple weak interlayers, traditional systems, unable to handle sequence inversion logic, generated pile-surround soil pressure models with severe discontinuities and numerical oscillations. This resulted in insufficient anchorage depths in some fault areas, posing significant safety hazards. In contrast, the system of this invention successfully learned the tectonic inversion evolution rules of the area through a graph attention network, accurately reconstructing the three-dimensional probability field of the inverted sequence. Guided by the confidence mapping module, the system automatically identified low-confidence areas around the fault zone and proactively optimized the design depth of the anchorage section of 24 anti-slide piles in that area from the original 12 meters to 18.5 meters, while also slightly adjusting the pile diameter from 2.0 meters to 2.2 meters. Subsequent excavation revealed that the error between the system's predicted stratigraphic boundaries and the actual results was only 0.35 meters, significantly better than the prediction results of traditional systems. This example fully demonstrates the superior performance and irreplaceable nature of this invention in handling complex geological problems.

[0054] Finally, the confidence-based adaptive design module for the safety reserve of anti-slide pile structures establishes a risk-driven parameter optimization mechanism based on the probability information and load distribution provided by the aforementioned modules. The module's built-in safety factor adjustment unit works in real-time with the confidence mapping module. When determining the pile diameter, reinforcement ratio, and anchorage depth of the anti-slide pile, the system no longer uses a fixed safety factor. In areas with low confidence, such as inferred fault fracture zones or sections with large stratum variation coefficients, the system automatically increases the local safety factor by increasing reinforcement, improving concrete strength, or extending the anchorage length of the pile in stable strata to offset geological risks. The system mitigates the potential risks associated with insufficient information. Conversely, in stable regions with high confidence, it reduces unnecessary material waste by optimizing algorithms while meeting regulatory requirements. Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the invention, this module possesses multi-objective optimization capabilities. It simultaneously calculates project costs and construction cycles while adjusting safety reserves, and iteratively seeks the Pareto optimal solution between safety, confidence, and economic costs. In addition, the system is equipped with a virtual reality monitoring interface, allowing designers to intuitively view slice information of the three-dimensional geological probability field, confidence cloud map, and anti-slide pile stress cloud map, providing auxiliary decision-making for the final design scheme.

[0055] To further demonstrate the technical superiority of the present invention, a specific embodiment for a landslide control project in a complex geological formation is provided below, and a comparative analysis is conducted with a traditional design system.

[0056] Example

[0057] This embodiment selects a super-large landslide located in a tectonically active area as the background. The strata in this area are extremely complex, with multiple reverse faults causing stratigraphic sequence inversions, and lenticular weak interlayers developed locally.

[0058] During the data integration phase, the multi-source geological exploration data standardization integration module received vector data from 45 deep boreholes in the area. Each borehole was between 60 and 100 meters deep. The geological borehole data parser extracted more than 20 physical indicators, such as rock quality index (RQD) and uniaxial saturated compressive strength. The normalization processing unit converted these indicators into dimensionless feature vectors, which were then input into subsequent modules.

[0059] During the spatial topology map construction phase, the system established horizontal topological connections between boreholes through constrained Delory triangulation. For the identified fault locations, Module 2 forcibly cut off the feature smooth paths crossing the nodes on both sides of the fault by inserting discontinuity surface operators, enabling the model to accurately characterize the geological differences on both sides of the fault.

[0060] The sequence evolution inference engine is equipped with 8 attention heads and 4 layers of residual blocks. By aggregating features on known stratigraphic sequences, the engine successfully identified the stratigraphic inversion pattern unique to this region. In the reconstruction of the three-dimensional geological probability field, the grid resolution is set to 1 m × 1 m × 0.5 m. The confidence mapping module output shows that in the main fault zone and its affected area, the confidence level drops to about 0.45, while the confidence level in the stable bedrock area far from the fault zone remains above 0.85.

[0061] During the stress analysis phase, the pile-soil coupling module generated a dynamic pressure distribution based on the probability field. For the No. 2 anti-slide pile located in the fault zone, the standard deviation of the residual sliding force calculated by the system was significantly higher than that in the conventional area, indicating that there is a large risk of load fluctuation at this location.

[0062] During the adaptive design phase, based on a risk warning with a confidence level of 0.45, the system automatically increased the pile diameter of pile No. 2 from 2.0 meters to 2.5 meters, the anchorage section length from 15 meters to 22 meters, and enhanced the reinforcement ratio on the tension side of the pile. Through a multi-objective optimization algorithm, the system optimized the cross-sections of other anti-slide piles in the high confidence zone while ensuring that the overall anti-slide stability coefficient was not less than 1.5.

[0063] Comparative Example

[0064] The comparative system uses a traditional anti-slide pile design system based on Kriging interpolation and a deterministic safety factor. When dealing with the same working condition, this system cannot handle the inverted stratum logic due to the geometric limitations of Kriging interpolation, resulting in physical errors in the generated stratum model around the pile (such as identifying high-strength bedrock as slip zone soil). In addition, the comparative system cannot perceive geological uncertainties and uniformly uses a fixed safety factor of 1.35 throughout the entire field. Due to the failure to identify low-confidence risks near the fault zone, the anchorage depth of anti-slide pile No. 2 designed by the comparative system is only 12 meters and the pile diameter is 2.0 meters, which is significantly lower than the safety design scheme given by the system of this invention.

[0065] The table below compares several key technical indicators of the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative examples in actual engineering applications:

[0066]

[0067] The comparative data above clearly shows that the system of this invention performs far better than traditional systems under complex geological conditions. Its core advantage lies in its ability to deeply explore the topological logic of geological sequences and, through the confidence level, transform the uncertainty of geological exploration into a deterministic guarantee for structural design. Under the premise of ensuring extremely high safety, it effectively reduces the total cost of the project through refined adaptive design.

[0068] Furthermore, as a specific operational process of the system of this invention, after receiving the original exploration data, the multi-source geological exploration data standardization and integration module first transforms the physical parameters with huge scale differences into standardized feature vectors through the normalization processing unit. These feature vectors are used as the initial state and injected into the spatial topology map based on constrained Delaunay triangulation. This graph structure not only includes the spatial adjacency relationship between boreholes, but also locks the sedimentary sequence of strata in geological history through the vertical sequence chain. On this basis, the sequence evolution inference engine uses a multi-head attention mechanism to spatially aggregate features. In each iteration step, the central node obtains a wider range of geoscientific semantic information through feature interaction with surrounding neighboring nodes. This graph theory-based inference mode enables the system to perform reasonable topological extrapolation based on geological evolution laws when facing areas with missing exploration data or drastic stratigraphic changes, rather than mechanical geometric interpolation.

[0069] During the generation of the three-dimensional geological probability field, the system performs probability sampling on each discrete point in space. This probability sampling is not random, but is based on the projection of the feature vector output by the inference engine into the probability space. When the feature vector of a certain space is highly consistent with the known stratigraphic features, the stratigraphic attribution probability of that point will show an extremely high peak value, resulting in extremely low calculated information entropy. This is reflected in the confidence map as a highly reliable area. Conversely, in areas where multiple geological evolution paths may overlap, the probability distribution tends to be flat and the confidence level decreases. This provides a direct trigger signal for the subsequent design of anti-slide pile safety reserves.

[0070] After receiving the probability distribution of the strata, the pile-soil coupled stress analysis module transmits this uncertainty to the calculation of the internal forces of the pile. By introducing probability weights into the finite element elements, the system can calculate the statistical envelope of the internal forces of the pile. This envelope not only considers the average working condition but also covers the most unfavorable working condition caused by geological variations. The confidence-based adaptive design module dynamically determines the geometric dimensions and material strength of each pile based on this envelope and the local confidence value. For example, in areas where the confidence is below 0.5, the system will automatically trigger a structural reinforcement subroutine. This subroutine will gradually increase the amount of reinforcement or the anchorage depth of the pile in increments of 0.1 until the failure probability of the pile under the probability field is lower than the preset threshold of one in ten thousand. This refined design logic down to the single pile and single section completely solves the problem of insufficient local safety and global waste caused by the one-size-fits-all safety factor in traditional design.

[0071] Furthermore, the virtual reality monitoring interface of this invention can call up massive amounts of 3D data calculated in the background in real time. Through an efficient rendering pipeline, it overlays and displays complex stratum probability volumes and anti-slide pile strain cloud maps. Designers can use interactive slices to deeply examine the pile-soil contact pressure at any pile section and the confidence status of the surrounding strata. This visualized design environment greatly improves the communication efficiency between geological engineers and structural engineers, making the review and optimization of design schemes more transparent and scientific.

[0072] In summary, this invention presents an intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structures suitable for complex geological conditions. Through the rigorous coordination of six functional levels, it constructs an intelligent ecosystem with geological intuition, risk perception, and adaptive adjustment capabilities. From the rigor of the standardized underlying data, to the logicality of the topology graph construction, to the advanced attention mechanism reasoning, and the scientific nature of probability field modeling and the engineering practicality of adaptive design, it collectively forms an impeccable technical closed loop. This invention not only solves the challenges of authenticity and safety in anti-slide pile design under complex geological conditions, but also opens up a new technical path for uncertainty analysis in geotechnical engineering through a quantitative confidence evaluation system. It has significant engineering and social value for promoting the digital and intelligent transformation of landslide prevention engineering.

[0073] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structures suitable for complex geological conditions, characterized in that, include: The multi-source geological exploration data standardization and integration module is used to digitally extract, standardize and logically correct the original exploration information, and construct a high-dimensional node dataset containing spatial three-dimensional coordinates and attribute feature vectors. A spatial topology graph construction module based on constrained Deloitte triangulation is used to transform the discrete high-dimensional nodes output by the multi-source geological exploration data standardization and integration module into a global spatial topology graph containing horizontal spatial adjacency relationships and vertical stratigraphic constraints. The hierarchical evolution inference engine based on graph attention network is used to aggregate the node features of the global spatial topology graph in non-Euclidean space through a multi-head attention mechanism, infer the stratigraphic evolution law of the non-sampling area according to the geological hierarchical sequence law, and output the probability distribution of stratigraphic type. The three-dimensional geological probability field and confidence mapping module is used to construct a dense three-dimensional mesh volumetric model in the area to be designed based on the output of the sequence evolution inference engine, and to use the information entropy algorithm to quantify and generate a three-dimensional confidence distribution map that reflects the reliability of the geological structure. The pile-soil coupled stress analysis and dynamic pressure field calculation module is used to extract probabilistic mechanical parameters of the proposed pile locations based on the three-dimensional geological probability field and the three-dimensional confidence distribution map. The probabilistic mechanical parameters include cohesion, internal friction angle, and deformation modulus obtained by probabilistic weighted statistics of stratum type. The distribution range of dynamic pressure field around the pile under landslide thrust is simulated through nonlinear finite element analysis unit. The confidence-based adaptive design module for the safety reserve of anti-slide pile structures is used to establish a risk-driven parameter optimization mechanism. Through the safety factor adjustment unit, the structural design parameters of the anti-slide pile are dynamically compensated according to the confidence level of the area where the pile is located, so as to realize the intelligent adaptive design of the anti-slide pile structure. The hierarchical evolutionary inference engine based on graph attention network adopts a deep residual connection structure, which contains multiple parallel graph attention layers, each with multiple independent attention heads. During the inference process, each borehole node serves as a central node. By calculating the cosine similarity between the central node and its neighboring nodes in the feature space, weight coefficients are automatically learned and assigned. These weight coefficients are constrained by the geological sequence law. By aggregating the features of the evolution rules of continuous stratigraphic extension, pinch-out, and unconformity contact, the probability distribution of stratigraphic types at spatial points in the non-sampling area is predicted. After each layer of graph attention operation, layer normalization and residual addition operations are performed. The graph attention network-based hierarchical evolutionary inference engine supports anisotropic attention weight allocation. By introducing an azimuth operator into the attention mechanism, the weight allocation becomes directionally correlated. That is, the engine can allocate higher attention weights along the stratigraphic strike and lower weights in the bedding direction perpendicular to the stratigraphic strike, in order to adapt to the anisotropic characteristics of inclined strata or folded structures.

2. The intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structures suitable for complex geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-source geological exploration data standardization and integration module includes a geological borehole data parser. This parser uses a regular expression algorithm to extract feature fields from unstructured text exploration reports, including borehole coordinates, borehole elevation, stratigraphic boundary depth, groundwater level, and physical and mechanical parameters of the soil and rock mass. These physical and mechanical parameters include cohesion, internal friction angle, unit weight, compression modulus, and permeability coefficient. The attribute feature vector includes soil / rock layer number, lithology descriptor, standard penetration test blow count, shear wave velocity, cohesion, internal friction angle, and unit weight. The module also includes a normalization processing unit to linearly scale the physical and mechanical parameters in the attribute feature vector to eliminate dimensional differences. Furthermore, the module includes a geological information correction submodule, which compares predicted and actual values ​​using a built-in expert knowledge base. It automatically corrects original records with stratigraphic logical contradictions under the same spatial coordinates and supports updating the weight distribution of the graph attention network when new input data conflicts with existing topological inferences.

3. The intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structures suitable for complex geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spatial topology graph construction module based on constrained Delaunay triangulation performs the following topology modeling process: Based on the two-dimensional coordinates of the boreholes on the horizontal projection plane, a constrained Deloitte triangulation is constructed, and logical connection paths are established between adjacent boreholes and abstracted as edges of the graph. Inside each borehole node, a vertical sequence chain is constructed according to the depth order of the exposed strata. The strata contact points at different depths are arranged in depth order and assigned sequence topology labels to form a global graph structure that is interwoven horizontally and vertically. The spatial topology graph construction module based on constrained Delaunay triangulation supports the explicit representation of three-dimensional fracture networks and faults. By inserting discontinuity surface operators between stratigraphic nodes, the information transmission direction in the constrained graph structure is forced to simulate the truncation effect of tectonic fractures on stratigraphic continuity.

4. The intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structures suitable for complex geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional geological probability field and confidence mapping module assigns a probability vector to each volume element in the three-dimensional mesh model. The probability vector represents the probability value of the location belonging to different strata categories. The three-dimensional confidence distribution map is obtained by calculating the Shannon entropy of the probability vector. The three-dimensional geological probability field and confidence mapping module has a spatiotemporal dynamic update function. During the anti-slide pile construction stage, it connects to the drilling parameter monitoring data in real time and feeds back the strata information revealed on site to the probability field model for dynamic correction through the Bayesian update algorithm.

5. The intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structures suitable for complex geological conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The three-dimensional geological probability field and confidence mapping module adopts a probabilistic modeling method based on variational reasoning, which subdivides the confidence map into two sub-dimensions: model confidence and observation confidence. The model confidence reflects the system's ability to infer the rules of geological evolution, while the observation confidence reflects the coverage density of the exploration boreholes.

6. The intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structures suitable for complex geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pile-soil coupled stress analysis and dynamic pressure field calculation module utilizes the nonlinear finite element analysis unit to simplify the soil around the pile as a resisting medium composed of multiple nonlinear springs. The stiffness coefficient of the springs is determined by the mechanical parameters after probability weighting of the stratum type. When simulating landslide thrust, the system uses the strength reduction method to search for potential sliding surfaces and calculates the residual sliding force on the sliding surface based on three-dimensional stratum topology logic, outputting the pile-soil coupled lateral pressure field with a standard deviation distribution range. The pile-soil coupled stress analysis and dynamic pressure field calculation module also uses an improved Py curve model, whose skeleton curve parameters are obtained by nonlinear integration of the stratum probability distribution function to cover extreme stress conditions caused by complex stratum heterogeneity. The pile-soil coupled stress analysis and dynamic pressure field calculation module integrates a fluid-structure interaction analysis unit, which transforms the stratum probability field into a permeability coefficient field to simulate the seepage process of groundwater in pores and fractured zones, and automatically calculates the contribution of dynamic and hydrostatic pressure to the lateral load of the anti-slide pile.

7. The intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structures suitable for complex geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety factor adjustment unit in the confidence-based adaptive design module for the safety reserve of anti-slide pile structures is linked in real time with the confidence mapping module. When designing the pile diameter, reinforcement ratio, and anchorage depth of the anti-slide piles, the system performs dynamic safety compensation based on the confidence index of the region where each segment of the pile is located. The confidence-based adaptive design module for the safety reserve of anti-slide pile structures has a multi-objective optimization function and uses a genetic algorithm to find the Pareto optimal solution among safety confidence, project cost, and construction period.

8. The intelligent design system for anti-slide pile structures suitable for complex geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a virtual reality monitoring interface, a parallel computing acceleration layer, and an expert rule review engine; the virtual reality monitoring interface is used to perform three-dimensional visualization rendering and slice observation of the force cloud map of the anti-slide pile, the three-dimensional geological probability field, and the confidence cloud map; the parallel computing acceleration layer utilizes the parallel processing capability of the graphics processor to perform hardware-level acceleration of graph attention operation and finite element analysis; The expert rule review engine includes geological disaster management regulations and clauses, which are used to automatically review the minimum spacing, minimum burial depth, and structural requirements of anti-slide piles.

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