Rapidly-started fire escape and fire avoidance cabin and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a quickly-started fire escape and fire-avoiding cabin and a use method thereof, and relates to the technical field of fire-fighting emergency escape equipment, and the quickly-started fire escape and fire-avoiding cabin comprises an expandable fire-avoiding cabin equipment box body; a fire-avoiding cabin rapid opening supporting assembly, a positive pressure oxygen supply breathing system, a human body breathing waste gas absorption circulating system, an emergency survival material storage assembly, a power battery and a communication lighting system are integrated in the box body. A multi-panel movable unfolding structure is adopted in the fire-avoiding cabin equipment box body, the fire-fighting fire-avoiding cabin is of a foldable structure, and second-level rapid unfolding is achieved through a safety linkage mechanism and an inflation supporting frame. According to the invention, when a building fire escape channel is blocked, a closed safe fire-avoiding space can be quickly built, and by matching with a positive pressure breathing guarantee module, an emergency survival material module and an external communication module, quick risk avoiding, safety protection and long-acting rescue waiting are realized; the device is convenient to store, small in occupied space and capable of being flexibly arranged in various places such as high-rise buildings and residences, and the problems that an existing fire risk avoiding device is slow in unfolding, incomplete in protection and poor in adaptability are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire emergency escape equipment technology, and in particular to a fire escape cabin that can be activated quickly and its method of use. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid proliferation of high-rise buildings, commercial complexes, and high-density residential buildings, the need for emergency escape and safety measures in building fires is becoming increasingly prominent. During a building fire, the spread of toxic, high-temperature smoke far exceeds the speed of evacuation. Stairwells and escape routes can easily be blocked by smoke and fire in a short time, preventing trapped individuals from evacuating. This makes them highly susceptible to injury or death from inhaling toxic fumes and suffering burns from high temperatures, which is a core cause of casualties in building fires.

[0003] For example, Chinese invention patent CN114017099B discloses a mobile inflatable semi-rigid emergency rescue capsule for mines. It uses a flexible skin to form the capsule structure, with multiple inflatable trusses and multiple foldable rigid trusses supporting the capsule's interior. The capsule can be folded and unfolded, with the inflatable trusses assisting the foldable rigid trusses and capsule structure in rapid inflation and unfolding. The aforementioned existing technology has significant drawbacks: high cost, large space occupation before and after unfolding, inflexible installation, and limited applicability in ordinary residential buildings and older buildings; it also suffers from slow unfolding speed, complex operation, and poor sealing and protection performance, making it unsuitable for the emergency needs of high-rise building fires.

[0004] In addition, existing portable fire-fighting equipment has poor sealing and protection performance, and most of them only have basic smoke isolation functions. They lack supporting long-term breathing protection, emergency survival supplies and external communication functions, and cannot provide trapped personnel with a long-term, high-safety shelter environment, making it difficult to meet the core needs of emergency shelter. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the problems of the existing technologies, a rapid-deployment fire escape cabin is provided. It can be deployed in seconds to form a sealed fire-sheltered space when the fire escape route is blocked. It integrates complete breathing protection, emergency survival, and external communication functions to achieve rapid evacuation, all-dimensional safety protection, and long-term support. At the same time, the equipment is easy to store, occupies little space, and has zero operating threshold. It can be flexibly deployed in various building sites to meet the fire emergency evacuation needs of different scenarios.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, a rapid-activation fire escape cabin is provided, comprising a fire escape cabin equipment housing, which integrates a rapid-opening support assembly, a positive pressure oxygen supply and breathing system, a human breathing waste gas absorption and circulation system, an emergency survival supplies storage assembly, a power battery, and a communication and lighting system.

[0007] The fire shelter equipment enclosure is a movable and deployable structure, including a first panel, a second panel, a third panel, a fourth panel, a fifth panel, and a sixth panel.

[0008] The fire shelter quick-opening support assembly includes a foldable fire shelter, an airbag high-pressure inflation cylinder, an inflation support frame, an inflation solenoid valve for the support frame, and a quick-start alarm. The two ends of the fire shelter are respectively fixed to the inner sides of the first and sixth panels via Velcro straps, and in the folded state, they are nestled within the internal cavity of the fire shelter equipment housing. The inflation support frame is fixed to the inner side of the fire shelter, and the airbag high-pressure inflation cylinder is fixed to the inner side of the first panel. A normally closed inflation solenoid valve for the support frame is installed at the cylinder opening. The inflation solenoid valve is electrically connected to the quick-start alarm, which is embedded in the outer surface of the fire shelter equipment housing. The airbag high-pressure inflation cylinder and the inflation support frame are connected via an inflation copper pipe.

[0009] The positive pressure oxygen supply breathing system, the human breathing waste gas absorption and circulation system, the emergency survival material storage component, the power battery and the communication and lighting system are fixed on the inside of the first panel and the sixth panel, and are located inside the folded fire shelter in the stored state; the fire shelter is equipped with a fire shelter door, which is sealed and fixed with self-adhesive Velcro.

[0010] Furthermore, the first panel is a fixed back plate, the sixth panel is a fixed end plate, and the first panel and the sixth panel are vertically fixedly connected to form an L-shaped fixed base; the third panel is rotatably connected to the left edge of the first panel, the fifth panel is connected to the right edge of the first panel, the fourth panel is connected to the lower edge of the first panel, and the second panel is connected to the upper edge of the sixth panel via movable hinges, and all the mating edges of the panels are provided with self-adhesive Velcro strips; a movable pin for locking the unfolded state is provided between the first panel and the fifth panel; each movable hinge is provided with a 90° limiting stop, and the maximum flip angle of the third panel, the fourth panel, the fifth panel, and the second panel is 90°.

[0011] Furthermore, the positive pressure oxygen supply breathing system includes a high-pressure oxygen cylinder, a quantitative output control valve, a one-way valve and connecting pipes, a mixing air chamber, flexible pipes, and a multi-position nasal breathing connector; the human body breathing waste gas absorption and circulation system includes an exhaust fan at the waste gas inlet, a chemical oxygen generator sealed and connected to the waste gas inlet, an exhaust fan at the outlet of the chemical oxygen generator, a pipe connecting the outlet to a cooling water cup, a cooling water cup, and a pipe connecting to the mixing air chamber; the positive pressure oxygen supply breathing system and the human body breathing waste gas absorption and circulation system form a closed-loop safe breathing system that isolates the interior of the fire escape and fire shelter from the outside world.

[0012] Furthermore, the inflatable support frame includes a bottom horizontal support frame, an upper horizontal support frame, and multiple sets of n-shaped support frames connected between the bottom horizontal support frame and the upper horizontal support frame. The bottom horizontal support frame, the upper horizontal support frame, and the n-shaped support frames are interconnected to form a cage-like support frame. The inflatable support frame is a connected high-temperature resistant thin-film air pipe. The inflatable support frame is provided with a high-pressure air inlet with a one-way valve. One end of the inflatable copper pipe is sealed to the air outlet of the support frame's inflatable solenoid valve, and the other end is sealed to the high-pressure air inlet.

[0013] Furthermore, the inflatable support frame is equipped with a pressure safety valve with a rated pressure of 0.3 MPa.

[0014] Furthermore, the fire-resistant cabin body is a multi-layer composite non-combustible structure, with an outer layer being a composite structure of carbon fiber non-combustible cloth and a heat insulation layer, and an inner layer being an airtight flame-retardant polyimide film composite cloth; the splicing seams of the fire-resistant cabin are formed by a double-line high-temperature heat sealing process; and the heat insulation layer is aluminum foil.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer surface of the fifth panel is fixedly equipped with an anti-slip rubber handle; the fire shelter equipment box is provided with a suspension support structure for installation and fixation.

[0016] Furthermore, the fire shelter equipment box is equipped with a safety linkage mechanism, which includes a safety rope and an insulating pin connected to the safety rope. One end of the safety rope is fixedly connected to the tear-off end of all self-adhesive Velcro strips, and the insulating pin is inserted into the quick-start alarm.

[0017] Furthermore, the emergency survival supplies storage component includes an emergency supplies box; the power battery and communication lighting system includes an intelligent communication terminal, an explosion-proof power supply located inside the emergency supplies box, and a convenient adhesive light strip; the emergency supplies box includes a flame-retardant ABS storage box with a lock, and the storage box is pre-loaded with emergency survival supplies and emergency response tools.

[0018] A method for using a rapid-activation fire escape cabin includes the following steps:

[0019] S1. Unlocking and Pre-deployment Fixing of the Cabinet: In the event of a fire, pull the safety rope on the fire shelter equipment cabinet and tear off all the self-adhesive Velcro strips on the cabinet at once to release the adhesion and fixation of the movable panels; unfold the second, third, fourth, and fifth panels outward in sequence, and confirm that the movable hinges between each panel are fully unfolded in place without any jamming, bending, or misalignment; insert the movable pins between the first and fifth panels into the corresponding lock holes to lock all the unfolded panels, so that the cabinet forms a stable rigid support frame;

[0020] S2. Trigger Activation and Automatic Deployment of Fire Shelter: Pulling the safety rope unlocks the enclosure and simultaneously pulls out the insulating pin, activating the quick-start alarm. The device simultaneously triggers two core linkage actions: First, the quick-start alarm immediately emits a high-frequency audible and visual alarm to warn on-site personnel and help external rescuers quickly locate the trapped individuals; Second, the support frame inflation solenoid valve linked to the quick-start alarm automatically opens, and the high-pressure inflation cylinder of the airbag starts simultaneously. Compressed air from the cylinder is rapidly injected into the inflation support frame through the inflation copper pipe and high-pressure inflation inlet, filling the entire inflation support frame and setting it in shape within 3-5 seconds. Simultaneously, the folded fire shelter is fully deployed, forming a sealed fire shelter space.

[0021] S3. Personnel Entry and Full Sealing of the Cabin: After the fire shelter is fully deployed and the inflatable support frame is fully shaped and free from deformation, the trapped personnel shall enter the fire shelter in an orderly manner through the fire shelter door; after all personnel have entered the cabin, immediately close the fire shelter door, and fully adhere and press the self-adhesive Velcro on the inside of the door to the Velcro on the door frame to achieve a full seal and fixation of the cabin. At the same time, take out the convenient adhesive light strip and stick it on the inner wall of the cabin to start the lighting.

[0022] S4. Standard Use of Positive Pressure Firefighting Air Breathing Apparatus: When personnel enter the escape fire shelter, they should first check the pressure of the high-pressure oxygen cylinder and whether the exhaust fans at the inlet and outlet of the chemical oxygen generator are functioning normally. After confirming that there are no abnormalities, open the quantitative output control valve, start the exhaust fans at the inlet and outlet of the chemical oxygen generator, and the fire shelter will be in normal closed-loop oxygen supply circulation. Personnel in the shelter should take out the multi-position nasal breathing connector as needed, insert it into their nostrils, and secure it to their head with the fixing strap to achieve normal inhalation. The height of the person can be adjusted by the flexible tube. During use, the exhaust gas exhaled by personnel is sent into the chemical oxygen generator through the exhaust fan at the exhaust gas inlet to be purified and react to generate oxygen. The purified oxygen-enriched gas is then transported to the cooling water cup through the exhaust fan at the outlet of the chemical oxygen generator via the connecting pipe. The cooled oxygen-enriched gas is then sent into the mixed air chamber through the connecting pipe, and is safely mixed with the oxygen supplied by the high-pressure oxygen cylinder through the quantitative output control valve in the mixed air chamber. This continuously provides a clean breathing air source for the multi-position nasal breathing connector, forming a closed-loop safe breathing system that isolates the fire escape cabin from the outside world.

[0023] S5. Emergency Supplies Access and External Communication: While awaiting rescue, personnel inside the cabin can access emergency supplies from the emergency supply box as needed to replenish their physical needs and treat minor injuries; at the same time, they can use smart communication terminals to contact external fire and rescue forces and emergency management departments to provide real-time information on the fire situation, the location of the trapped personnel, the number of trapped personnel, and the physical condition of the personnel, and to keep communication channels open.

[0024] S6. Awaiting Rescue and Safe Evacuation: Personnel inside the cabin should remain calm, minimize unnecessary activities, reduce oxygen and emergency supply consumption, and pay close attention to changes in the external fire situation and rescue activities throughout the process; after external rescue personnel arrive at the scene and confirm that the external environment is safe, under the professional guidance of the rescue personnel, unfasten the Velcro on the fire shelter door and evacuate the scene in an orderly manner.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: a fire escape cabin that can be quickly activated and is extremely easy to operate, is suitable for fire emergency scenarios. It adopts a linkage structure of foldable box and inflatable support frame. After being triggered, the fire escape cabin can be fully deployed within 3 seconds. The whole process only requires two core manual steps: unlocking the box and triggering the alarm. No complicated operation is required. Even non-professionals such as the elderly and children can quickly get started, which is suitable for tense emergency scenarios when a fire occurs.

[0026] With comprehensive protection and high safety, it adopts a high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant fire-resistant cabin body, combined with a self-adhesive Velcro fully sealed door, which can effectively block the intrusion of external high-temperature flames and toxic fumes; equipped with a positive pressure fire-fighting air breathing apparatus, it can provide a continuous clean breathing air source, fundamentally solving the core risk of injury and death from smoke poisoning in fires, and creating a closed and safe refuge space for trapped personnel.

[0027] With a high degree of functional integration, the equipment meets the needs of long-term waiting for rescue. It integrates emergency survival supplies and intelligent communication terminals, which can meet the food and life support needs of trapped personnel waiting for rescue for a long time. At the same time, it can maintain real-time communication with external rescue forces, accurately transmit trapped information, and greatly improve the success rate of rescue.

[0028] With flexible layout and strong adaptability, the compact box structure is small in size and light in weight. It can be installed on walls, corridors, guest rooms, offices and other areas through a hanging support structure without occupying daily use space. No civil construction is required in advance. It can be flexibly added to both new and old buildings and is applicable to a wide range of scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0029] For ease of explanation, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of a fire escape cabin that can be quickly activated in the unopened state, according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fire escape cabin equipment box of the fire escape cabin of the present invention after it is unfolded.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fire escape cabin after the rapid opening support assembly of the fire escape cabin is deployed according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of a fire escape cabin that can be quickly activated according to the present invention after it has been fully deployed.

[0034] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Top view of the cross section of AA;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a fire escape cabin of the present invention, in which the fire escape cabin quick-opening support component is stored and folded inside the fire escape cabin equipment box.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a positive pressure oxygen supply and breathing system and a human breathing waste gas absorption and circulation system in a fire escape and fire shelter that can be activated quickly according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of a safety linkage mechanism in a fire escape cabin that can be activated quickly according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a left perspective view of the fully deployed fire escape cabin of the present invention.

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Fire shelter equipment box; 2. Fire shelter quick-opening support assembly; 3. Positive pressure oxygen supply and breathing system; 4. Human breathing waste gas absorption and circulation system; 5. Emergency survival supplies storage assembly; 6. Power battery and communication and lighting system; 7. First panel 101; 8. Second panel 102; 9. Third panel 103; 104. Fourth panel 104; 105. Fifth panel 105; 106. Sixth panel 106; 107. Movable hinge; 108. Self-adhesive Velcro strip; 109. Movable pin; 110. Anti-slip rubber handle; 111. Suspension support structure; 112. Quick-start alarm; 201. Fire shelter; 202. High-pressure air cylinder; 203. Inflatable support frame; 204. Fire shelter door; 205. Panel connecting Velcro. Item 205, Inflatable copper tubing 206, Inflatable solenoid valve for support frame 207, High-pressure inflatable air inlet 208, Bottom horizontal support frame 2031, Upper horizontal support frame 2032, N-type support frame 2033, Pressure safety valve 2034, High-pressure oxygen cylinder 301, Quantitative output control valve 302, Mixed air chamber 303, Multi-position nose breathing connector 304, Exhaust gas inlet exhaust fan 401, Chemical oxygen generator 402, Exhaust gas outlet exhaust fan 403, Cooling water cup 404, Emergency supply box 501, Intelligent communication terminal 601, Explosion-proof power supply 602, Portable adhesive light strip 603, Safety linkage mechanism 7, Safety rope 71, Insulating pin 72. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] like Figure 1-9 The fire escape cabin shown is a rapid-start fire escape cabin. This embodiment takes the full-process operation logic of rapid deployment, closed refuge, safe waiting for rescue, and standardized evacuation in a fire scenario as its core. It deeply integrates the implementation of equipment structure and operation, which not only clarifies the specific structural design and cooperation relationship of each component, but also clarifies the standardized operation method of the corresponding link. There are no operational loopholes or structural design defects throughout the process. It can be directly implemented and meets the safety specifications of fire emergency products.

[0044] The fire escape cabin of this embodiment features a quick-release design. Its core component is the fire escape cabin equipment box 1, which, when folded, is a fully enclosed, flame-retardant rectangular box. The standard household size is 60cm long × 40cm wide × 50cm high. It can be hung on the balcony ceiling, wall, or placed on the floor, without occupying daily living space. The fire escape cabin equipment box 1 is a modular, lightweight, and expandable structure. All panels are integrally molded from high-strength carbon fiber composite panels, 5mm thick, combining high structural rigidity, lightweight, flame retardancy, high-temperature resistance, and impact resistance. Testing shows a tensile strength ≥3000MPa and an oxygen index ≥38%, meeting the Class A non-combustible standard of GB8624-2012 "Classification of Burning Performance of Building Materials and Products". It exhibits no deformation or release of toxic fumes under high-temperature conditions, and is more than 60% lighter than traditional metal panels, facilitating transfer and operation in emergency situations.

[0045] The core of the fire-resistant cabin equipment enclosure includes a first panel 101, a second panel 102, a third panel 103, a fourth panel 104, a fifth panel 105, and a sixth panel 106. The first panel 101 serves as a fixed backplate, and the sixth panel 106 serves as a fixed end plate. The first panel 101 and the sixth panel 106 are vertically fixed together using high-strength aerospace structural adhesive and countersunk rivets, forming an L-shaped, non-removable fixed base. This provides the installation foundation for all internal components and also serves as the core rigid support structure after the equipment is deployed.

[0046] The back of the fire-resistant equipment box 1 (outside the first panel 101) is provided with a suspension support structure 111 for wall mounting. In this embodiment, the suspension support structure 111 consists of 4 sets of symmetrically distributed M8 expansion bolt adapter holes, which can be stably fixed to the indoor load-bearing wall of a residence, hotel, office building, etc. The outer surface of the fifth panel 105 is fixed with a non-slip rubber handle 110 by countersunk rivets for equipment handling and pull-down operation in the wall-mounted state. The handle 110 has a load-bearing capacity of not less than 40kg, which meets the transfer requirements when the equipment is fully equipped.

[0047] In the folded state, the third panel 103 is fixedly connected to the left edge of the first panel 101, the fifth panel 105 to the right edge of the first panel 101, the fourth panel 104 to the lower edge of the first panel 101, and the second panel 102 to the upper edge of the sixth panel 106 using 304 stainless steel hinges 107 and countersunk rivets, allowing the panels to rotate freely from 0 to 90 degrees. All the edges of the panels are fully covered with self-adhesive Velcro strips 108, which are used to fix the panels in place, forming a fully enclosed storage box. This prevents dust and moisture from entering the box and affecting the performance of the equipment, while also allowing for quick unlocking in an emergency.

[0048] Inside the fire shelter equipment box 1, there are integrated and fixed fire shelter quick-opening support components 2, positive pressure oxygen supply breathing system 3, human breathing waste gas absorption and circulation system 4, emergency survival material storage components 5, and power battery and communication lighting system 6. All components are fixed to the inside of the first panel 101 and the sixth panel 106 with bolts. When stored, there is no shaking or displacement, which avoids damage to the components during transportation and storage. The power battery and communication lighting system 6 includes an emergency supplies box 501, an intelligent communication terminal 601, an explosion-proof power supply 602 located in the emergency supplies box 501, and a convenient adhesive light strip 603. The explosion-proof power supply 602 provides power to parts with power requirements.

[0049] In this embodiment, the flip angles of the third panel 103, the fourth panel 104, and the fifth panel 105 are all 0-90°, and the flip angle of the second panel 102 is also 0-90°. The first, third, and fifth panels are located on the same side of the fire shelter 201. The sixth and second panels are located on the bottom side of the fire shelter 201, ensuring that all panels are on a flat surface after the fire shelter 201 is fully unfolded. All movable hinges 107 are equipped with 90° limit blocks, which automatically limit the position after flipping to the correct position to prevent excessive panel flipping and structural misalignment. The first panel 101 and the fifth panel 105 are fitted with matching stainless steel movable pins 109. The pins are made of stainless steel and can lock the position of all panels after being engaged to prevent the box from shifting or collapsing during unfolding.

[0050] The fire shelter equipment enclosure is equipped with a safety linkage mechanism 7, which includes a safety rope 71 and an insulating pin 72 connected to the safety rope. One end of the safety rope 71 is fixedly connected to the tear-off end of all self-adhesive Velcro strips 108 along the edge of the enclosure. When the safety rope is pulled, all self-adhesive Velcro strips 108 are torn off simultaneously to unlock the enclosure. Then, the safety rope is pulled to pull the insulating pin 72 out of the quick-start alarm, which powers on the quick-start alarm to start the equipment. The entire process requires only one pulling action to unlock and trigger the device, eliminating the need for step-by-step operations and significantly shortening the emergency response time.

[0051] When a fire breaks out in a building and escape routes are completely blocked, preventing evacuation, the operator pulls the safety rope to tear off all the self-adhesive Velcro strips 108 on the edge of the enclosure at once, releasing the movable panels from their attachment. No tools are needed throughout the process; in an emergency, unlocking can be done with one hand. Pulling the safety rope removes the insulated pin, quickly activating the alarm 112 to connect the power supply and start the equipment. Then, the second panel 102, third panel 103, fourth panel 104, and fifth panel 105 are unfolded outwards in sequence. The limit blocks of the movable hinges 107 automatically engage, ensuring all panels are free from jamming, bending, or misalignment. Finally, the movable pins 109 at the junction of the first panel 101 and the fifth panel 105 are fully inserted into the matching lock holes, locking all unfolded panels in place. This creates a stable rectangular rigid support frame for the enclosure, providing a stable, non-displaceable foundation for the unfolded fire-resistant fire shelter 201.

[0052] In this embodiment, the fire shelter quick-opening support assembly 2 includes a foldable fire shelter 201, an airbag high-pressure inflation cylinder 202, an inflation support frame 203, an inflation solenoid valve 207 for the support frame, and a quick-start alarm 112; the front and rear ends of the fire shelter 201 are detachably fixed to the inner sides of the first panel 101 and the sixth panel 106 respectively via panel connecting Velcro straps 205, such as... Figure 6In the storage state shown, it can be folded in a Z-shape along the gap of the n-shaped support frame of the inflatable support frame 203 and stored in the internal cavity of the box. The volume after folding is no more than 0.012m³, which is perfectly adapted to the internal space of the box in the storage state. When opened, it will unfold upward, forward and to both sides to form a closed refuge cabin. There is no jamming or pulling when unfolding.

[0053] The fire-fighting shelter 201 features a multi-layered composite non-combustible structure. Its outer layer is a composite of carbon fiber non-combustible fabric and aluminum foil insulation, while the inner layer is an airtight flame-retardant polyimide film composite fabric. The seams of the fire-fighting shelter are formed using a double-line high-temperature heat-sealing process, eliminating leaks and further ensuring overall sealing and protection. This fire-fighting shelter 201 can comprehensively resist the threats to personal safety posed by high-temperature convective hot air, strong radiant heat, and toxic fumes generated during a fire. In all scenarios of building fires, it can provide trapped personnel with a temporary, enclosed safe space for emergency refuge, effectively extending their safe waiting time and buying sufficient time for fire rescue.

[0054] The fire escape chamber 201 is equipped with a single-opening fire escape door 204 on its side. The opening size of the fire escape door 204 is 600mm wide × 1400mm high, which meets the needs of adults to quickly enter and exit. The inner side of the fire escape door 204 is fully covered with self-adhesive Velcro with a width of not less than 50mm. The self-adhesive Velcro on the inner side of the door is hook-shaped, and the corresponding position on the door frame is rough. The bonding width is not less than 50mm, and the full coverage is without breaks. The peel strength after bonding is not less than 10N / cm, which can ensure the sealing reliability under the high temperature environment of fire and will not have problems such as peeling or curling.

[0055] The fire-fighting shelter 201 is heat-sealed and fixed to the inside with an inflatable support frame 203. The inflatable support frame 203 is a connected high-temperature resistant membrane air pipe. The inflatable support frame 203 includes a bottom horizontal support frame 2031, an upper horizontal support frame 2032, and three sets of equidistant n-shaped support frames 2033 connected between the two. The three are interconnected to form a cage-like support frame. After inflation, it can support the fire-fighting shelter 201 to form a refuge space of 1800mm in length × 600mm in width × 1600mm in height, which can accommodate 2-3 adults at the same time. The inflatable support frame 203 unfolds as a whole upward, forward and sideways. The bottom horizontal support frame 2031 is fixed in position. When the fire-fighting shelter equipment box is unfolded, the sixth panel at the bottom is in contact with the ground. After being fully unfolded, the bottom horizontal support frame 2031 is parallel to the ground and rests on the ground.

[0056] The high-pressure air cylinder 202 is a high-pressure compressed air cylinder with a rated filling capacity of 3L. It is fixed inside the first panel 101 by the air cylinder bracket. A normally closed support frame inflation solenoid valve 207 is installed at the mouth of the high-pressure air cylinder 202. The support frame inflation solenoid valve 207 is electrically connected to a fast-start alarm 112 embedded in the outer surface of the fireproof cabin equipment box 1 through a flame-retardant cable. The fast-start alarm 112 is an explosion-proof audible and visual alarm that has passed the national fire protection product certification. It is equipped with a shatter-type trigger glass at the front end. After being triggered, it can simultaneously emit an alarm sound of ≥110dB and a high-frequency flash, and at the same time output a 24V DC linkage electrical signal to control the opening of the support frame inflation solenoid valve 207.

[0057] The high-pressure inflation cylinder 202 of the airbag is connected to the inflation support frame 203 through a copper inflation pipe 206 with a wall thickness of 1mm. The inflation support frame 203 is equipped with a high-pressure inflation inlet 208 with a one-way valve. One end of the inflation copper pipe 206 is sealed to the outlet of the inflation solenoid valve 207 of the support frame, and the other end is sealed to the high-pressure inflation inlet 208. There are no air leaks throughout the process, and the gas delivery efficiency is lossless. The inflation support frame 203 is also equipped with a pressure safety valve with a rated pressure of 0.3MPa. When the inflation pressure exceeds the threshold, it will automatically release pressure to prevent the air pipe from rupturing due to overpressure.

[0058] Once the power to the quick-start alarm 112 is turned on, the device immediately triggers two linked actions simultaneously, requiring no additional operation throughout the process:

[0059] Firstly, the rapid-start alarm 112 will be activated immediately, emitting a high-frequency audible and visual alarm. This will both warn on-site personnel to avoid accidental contact with the unfolding structure and help external rescue personnel quickly locate the trapped person through audible and visual signals.

[0060] Secondly, the alarm 112 is activated quickly and outputs a linkage electrical signal to control the support frame inflation solenoid valve 207 to open automatically and fully. The high-pressure compressed air in the high-pressure inflation cylinder 202 of the airbag is released instantly and filled into the inflation support frame 203 through the inflation copper pipe 206 and the high-pressure inflation inlet 208. The interconnected bottom horizontal support frame 2031, upper horizontal support frame 2032, and n-shaped support frame 2033 are quickly filled with gas and shaped within 3-5 seconds. At the same time, the fire shelter 201, which was originally folded and stored, is fully unfolded, quickly forming a stable and sealed fire shelter space. After inflation is completed, the pressure safety valve automatically maintains the rated pressure in the support frame to prevent the cabin from collapsing due to insufficient air pressure.

[0061] Once the operator visually confirms that the fire escape chamber 201 is fully deployed and that the inflatable support frame 203 is free from deformation and leaks, they can prepare to enter the chamber. After confirming that the chamber is fully deployed and set, the trapped personnel should enter the fire escape chamber in an orderly manner through the fire escape door 204, avoiding crowding and bumping throughout the process. Sharp objects are strictly prohibited from tearing the fabric of the fire escape chamber 201 or puncturing the inflatable support frame 203. After all personnel are inside, immediately close the fire escape door 204 from the inside. Press the self-adhesive Velcro on the inside of the door from top to bottom to ensure that the Velcro is completely and firmly attached to the door frame without gaps, curling edges, or breaks, achieving a fully sealed and fixed chamber, completely preventing the intrusion of external high-temperature smoke and toxic gases. Check the sealing status around the edge of the door. If any curling edges or gaps are found, immediately press and re-attach them to ensure there are no leaks. Personnel inside the chamber should then remove portable adhesive light strips and attach them inside the chamber for illumination.

[0062] In this embodiment, the positive pressure oxygen supply breathing system 3 includes a high-pressure oxygen cylinder 301, a quantitative output control valve 302, a one-way valve and connecting pipes, a mixed air chamber 303, flexible pipes and a multi-position nasal breathing connector 304; the human body breathing waste gas absorption and circulation system 4 includes a waste gas inlet exhaust fan 401, a chemical oxygen generator 402 sealed and connected to the waste gas inlet, a chemical oxygen generator outlet exhaust fan 403, a pipe connecting the outlet to a cooling water cup, a cooling water cup 404, and a pipe connecting to the mixed air chamber; the positive pressure oxygen supply breathing system and the human body breathing waste gas absorption and circulation system form a closed-loop safe breathing system that isolates the interior of the fire escape and fire shelter from the outside world.

[0063] After the cabin is sealed, the personnel inside first check whether the pressure of the high-pressure oxygen cylinder 301 and the exhaust fans at the inlet and outlet of the chemical oxygen generator 402 are working properly. After confirming that there are no abnormalities, the quantitative output control valve 302 is opened, and the exhaust fans at the inlet and outlet of the chemical oxygen generator 402 are started. The fire-resistant cabin is in normal closed-loop oxygen supply circulation. The personnel inside the cabin take the multi-position nasal breathing connector 304 as needed, insert it into their nostrils, and fix it to their head with a zip tie to achieve normal inhalation. The height of the human body can be adjusted by the flexible tube. During use, the exhaust gas exhaled by personnel is sent into the chemical oxygen generator 402 through the exhaust fan 401 for purification and reaction to generate oxygen. The purified oxygen-enriched gas is then transported to the cooling water cup 404 through the exhaust fan 403 at the outlet of the chemical oxygen generator via a connecting pipe. The cooled oxygen-enriched gas is then sent into the mixing air chamber 303 through the connecting pipe, where it is safely mixed with the oxygen supplied by the high-pressure oxygen cylinder 301 through the quantitative output control valve 302, continuously providing a clean breathing air source for the multi-position nasal respirator 304.

[0064] In this embodiment, the emergency survival supplies storage component 5 includes an emergency supplies box 501, which includes a flame-retardant ABS storage box with a lock. The storage box is pre-filled with vacuum-packed emergency compressed food, sterile drinking water, sterile first aid kits, high-temperature fireproof gloves, explosion-proof flashlights, emergency glow sticks, and other emergency supplies, which can meet the basic life support and emergency response needs of trapped personnel for 72 hours. The intelligent communication terminal 601 is an intrinsically safe explosion-proof emergency communication terminal with a built-in full-network 4G / 5G module and a Beidou satellite communication module. It can establish a stable communication link with the outside world in extreme fire scenarios such as building power outages and base station damage. The terminal has a built-in one-button alarm function and can directly connect to the local fire rescue command platform.

[0065] While awaiting rescue, trapped individuals can access emergency food and drinking water from the storage box as needed, based on their physical condition and the estimated waiting time, to replenish their vital signs. If anyone suffers minor injuries, items in the first-aid kit can be used for emergency treatment, avoiding waste of resources throughout the process. The intelligent communication terminal 601 is activated, directly connecting to the fire rescue command platform via a one-button alarm function to provide real-time updates on the fire situation, location of those trapped, number of trapped individuals, and their physical condition. If the public terrestrial network signal is interrupted, it switches to BeiDou satellite communication mode to maintain continuous communication with the outside world and receive guidance and notifications from rescue personnel. The high-temperature resistant, fireproof, transparent observation window on the fire escape chamber 201 allows for real-time observation of the external fire situation and rescue activities, preventing the unauthorized opening of the fire escape chamber door 204.

[0066] The fabric of the fire-fighting shelter 201 has short-term resistance to open flame burning, and can withstand 1200℃ open flame burning for no less than 30 minutes, providing short-term protection during evacuation; the Velcro of the fire-fighting shelter door 204 can be quickly torn open from the inside, and can be opened in 1 second in an emergency without the risk of jamming; all components of the equipment are made of non-toxic flame-retardant materials, and will not release toxic or harmful gases in high-temperature environments, ensuring the safety of personnel inside the shelter.

[0067] Personnel inside the sealed fire-safe chamber should remain calm, minimizing unnecessary running, jumping, and strenuous activity to reduce oxygen and emergency supply consumption. Maintain uninterrupted communication while awaiting rescue arrival. Once external rescue personnel arrive and confirm via communication terminals or verbal communication that the external environment is safe, free of open flames and toxic fumes, prepare for evacuation under their professional guidance. Quickly tear open the self-adhesive Velcro on the 204 fire-safe chamber door from the inside, open the door, and evacuate the site in an orderly manner under the guidance of rescue personnel. Wear fire-resistant gloves and breathing apparatus during evacuation to avoid secondary injuries. After evacuation, hand over the used equipment to the fire department or professional organization for disposal. After replacing gas cylinders, chemicals, and fire-safe chamber consumables, the equipment can be stored and reused.

[0068] As a further optimization of this embodiment, the fire shelter equipment box 1 can also be equipped with an independent backup power supply, which can provide power to the alarm, solenoid valve and intelligent communication terminal for no less than 72 hours in the event of a power outage; the inflatable support frame 203 is equipped with a backup manual inflation port, so that if the solenoid valve fails, the support frame can be inflated and deployed by a manual inflation pump to avoid equipment failure in extreme cases; the inside of the fire shelter 201 is equipped with a temperature sensor and a smoke sensor, which can monitor the environmental status inside the cabin in real time and synchronize it to the external rescue platform through the intelligent communication terminal.

[0069] As a further optimization of this embodiment, the suspension support structure 111 can also be set on the fifth panel and fixed to the top of the balcony. Expansion bolts are driven into the top of the balcony, and the equipment is suspended on the expansion bolts by steel wire ropes to ensure that it does not affect daily passage. When in use, it can ensure that the fire shelter equipment box opens and falls quickly.

[0070] The rapidly deployable fire escape cabin disclosed in this embodiment fully integrates structural design with the entire operation process. Each step of the operation has corresponding structural support, and every structural design serves the safety and convenience of emergency operation, with no operational loopholes or structural failure risks throughout the process. The carbon fiber shell achieves a balance between lightweight and high strength, while the multi-layered composite flame-retardant structure provides all-dimensional fire protection. It is compact in its retracted state, easy to install, and can be rapidly deployed within 5 seconds in an emergency, forming a safe refuge space without complex operations. Combined with closed-circuit breathing protection, emergency support, and satellite communication functions, it can significantly improve the survival probability of trapped personnel in fire scenarios. It is suitable for indoor emergency escape configurations in various buildings such as residences, hotels, office buildings, factories, and schools.

[0071] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, nor is it limited to use only in rescue operations. Within the knowledge of those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the technical solution of the present invention. These changes involve related technologies well known to those skilled in the art, and all of these fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid-activation fire escape cabin, characterized in that, The equipment includes a fire shelter housing, which integrates a fire shelter quick-opening support assembly, a positive pressure oxygen supply and breathing system, a human breathing waste gas absorption and circulation system, an emergency survival supplies storage assembly, a power battery, and a communication and lighting system. The fire shelter equipment enclosure is a movable and deployable structure, including a first panel, a second panel, a third panel, a fourth panel, a fifth panel, and a sixth panel; The fire shelter quick-opening support assembly includes a foldable fire shelter, an airbag high-pressure inflation cylinder, an inflation support frame, an inflation solenoid valve for the support frame, and a quick-start alarm. The two ends of the fire shelter are respectively fixed to the inner sides of the first and sixth panels via Velcro straps, and in the folded state, it is nestled within the internal cavity of the fire shelter equipment housing. The inflation support frame is fixed to the inner side of the fire shelter, and the airbag high-pressure inflation cylinder is fixed to the inner side of the first panel. A normally closed inflation solenoid valve for the support frame is installed at the nozzle of the airbag high-pressure inflation cylinder. The inflation solenoid valve is electrically connected to the quick-start alarm, which is embedded in the outer surface of the fire shelter equipment housing. The airbag high-pressure inflation cylinder and the inflation support frame are connected via an inflation copper pipe. The positive pressure oxygen supply breathing system, the human breathing waste gas absorption and circulation system, the emergency survival material storage component, the power battery and communication lighting system are fixed to the inside of the first panel and the sixth panel, and are located inside the folded fire shelter in the stored state; the fire shelter is equipped with a fire shelter door, which is sealed and fixed with self-adhesive Velcro.

2. The fire escape cabin with rapid activation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first panel is a fixed back plate, and the sixth panel is a fixed end plate. The first panel and the sixth panel are vertically fixedly connected to form an L-shaped fixed base. The third panel is connected to the left edge of the first panel; the fifth panel is connected to the right edge of the first panel; the fourth panel is connected to the lower edge of the first panel; and the second panel is connected to the upper edge of the sixth panel via hinges. Self-adhesive Velcro strips are provided at the mating edges of all panels. A movable pin for locking the unfolded state is provided between the first panel and the fifth panel. Each hinge is provided with a 90° limit stop. The maximum flip angle of the third panel, the fourth panel, the fifth panel, and the second panel is 90°.

3. A rapid-start fire escape cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive pressure oxygen supply breathing system includes a high-pressure oxygen cylinder, a quantitative output control valve, a one-way valve and connecting pipes, a mixing air chamber, flexible pipes, and a multi-position nasal breathing connector; the human body breathing waste gas absorption and circulation system includes an exhaust fan at the waste gas inlet, a chemical oxygen generator sealed and connected to the waste gas inlet, an exhaust fan at the outlet of the chemical oxygen generator, a pipe connecting the outlet to a cooling water cup, a cooling water cup, and a pipe connecting to the mixing air chamber; the positive pressure oxygen supply breathing system and the human body breathing waste gas absorption and circulation system form a closed-loop circulating safe breathing system that isolates the interior of the fire escape and fire shelter from the outside world.

4. A rapid-start fire escape cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inflatable support frame includes a bottom horizontal support frame, an upper horizontal support frame, and multiple sets of n-shaped support frames connected between the bottom horizontal support frame and the upper horizontal support frame. The bottom horizontal support frame, the upper horizontal support frame, and the n-shaped support frames are interconnected to form a cage-like support frame. The inflatable support frame is a connected high-temperature resistant thin-film air pipe. The inflatable support frame is provided with a high-pressure air inlet with a one-way valve. One end of the inflatable copper pipe is sealed to the air outlet of the support frame's inflatable solenoid valve, and the other end is sealed to the high-pressure air inlet.

5. A rapid-start fire escape cabin according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inflatable support frame is equipped with a pressure safety valve with a rated pressure of 0.3 MPa.

6. A rapid-start fire escape cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire-resistant cabin is a multi-layer composite non-combustible structure. Its outer layer is a composite structure of carbon fiber non-combustible cloth and heat insulation layer, and the inner layer is an airtight flame-retardant polyimide film composite cloth. The splicing seams of the fire-resistant cabin are formed by double-line high-temperature heat sealing process.

7. A rapid-start fire escape cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the fifth panel is fixedly equipped with an anti-slip rubber handle; the fire shelter equipment box is provided with a suspension support structure for installation and fixation.

8. A rapid-start fire escape cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire shelter equipment box is equipped with a safety linkage mechanism, which includes a safety rope and an insulating pin connected to the safety rope. One end of the safety rope is fixedly connected to the tear-off end of all self-adhesive Velcro strips, and the insulating pin is inserted into the quick-start alarm.

9. A rapid-start fire escape cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emergency survival supplies storage component includes an emergency supplies box; the power battery and communication lighting system includes an intelligent communication terminal, an explosion-proof power supply located inside the emergency supplies box, and a convenient adhesive light strip; the emergency supplies box includes a flame-retardant ABS storage box with a lock, and the storage box is pre-filled with emergency survival supplies and emergency response tools.

10. A method for using a rapid-activation fire escape cabin, characterized in that, The fire escape cabin with rapid opening and closing mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: S1. Unlocking and Pre-deployment Fixing of the Cabinet: In the event of a fire, pull the safety rope on the fire shelter equipment cabinet and tear off all the self-adhesive Velcro strips on the cabinet at once to release the adhesion and fixation of the movable panels; unfold the second, third, fourth, and fifth panels outward in sequence, and confirm that the movable hinges between each panel are fully unfolded in place without any jamming, bending, or misalignment; insert the movable pins between the first and fifth panels into the corresponding lock holes to lock all the unfolded panels, so that the cabinet forms a stable rigid support frame; S2. Triggering Activation and Automatic Deployment of the Fire Shelter: Pulling the safety rope unlocks the enclosure and simultaneously pulls out the insulating pin, activating the quick-start alarm. The equipment simultaneously triggers two core linkage actions: Firstly, the alarm can be activated quickly to emit a high-frequency audible and visual alarm, alerting people on site and helping external rescue personnel to quickly locate the trapped individuals. Secondly, the support frame inflation solenoid valve, which is linked to the quick-start alarm, automatically opens, and the high-pressure inflation cylinder of the airbag starts simultaneously. The compressed air in the cylinder is quickly injected into the inflation support frame through the inflation copper pipe and the high-pressure inflation inlet. The entire inflation support frame is filled and shaped within 3-5 seconds, while the folded fire shelter is fully unfolded to form a sealed fire shelter space. S3. Personnel Entry and Full Sealing of the Cabin: After the fire shelter is fully deployed and the inflatable support frame is fully shaped and free from deformation, the trapped personnel shall enter the fire shelter in an orderly manner through the fire shelter door; after all personnel have entered the cabin, immediately close the fire shelter door, and fully adhere and press the self-adhesive Velcro on the inside of the door to the Velcro on the door frame to achieve a full seal and fixation of the cabin. At the same time, take out the convenient adhesive light strip and stick it on the inner wall of the cabin to start the lighting. S4. Standard Use of Positive Pressure Firefighting Air Breathing Apparatus: Upon entering the escape fire shelter, personnel should first check the pressure of the high-pressure oxygen cylinder and whether the exhaust fans at the inlet and outlet of the chemical oxygen generator are functioning correctly. After confirming there are no abnormalities, open the quantitative output control valve and start the exhaust fans at the inlet and outlet of the chemical oxygen generator. This establishes a normal closed-loop oxygen supply cycle within the fire shelter. Personnel inside should insert the multi-position nasal breathing connector into their nostrils as needed and secure it to their head with the head straps to achieve normal inhalation. The height of the person can be adjusted using the flexible tubing. During use… The exhaust gas exhaled by personnel is sent into the chemical oxygen generator through the exhaust gas inlet fan for purification and reaction to generate oxygen. The purified oxygen-enriched gas is then transported to the cooling water cup through the exhaust gas outlet fan of the chemical oxygen generator via the connecting pipe. The cooled oxygen-enriched gas is then sent into the mixed air chamber through the connecting pipe, where it is safely mixed with the oxygen supplied by the high-pressure oxygen cylinder through the quantitative output control valve. This continuously provides a clean breathing air source for the multi-position nasal breathing connector, forming a closed-loop safe breathing system that isolates the fire escape cabin from the outside world. S5. Emergency Supplies Access and External Communication: While awaiting rescue, personnel inside the cabin can access emergency supplies from the emergency supply box as needed to replenish their physical needs and treat minor injuries; at the same time, they can use smart communication terminals to contact external fire and rescue forces and emergency management departments to provide real-time information on the fire situation, the location of the trapped personnel, the number of trapped personnel, and the physical condition of the personnel, and to keep communication channels open. S6. Awaiting Rescue and Safe Evacuation: Personnel inside the cabin should remain calm, minimize unnecessary activities, reduce oxygen and emergency supplies consumption, and pay close attention to changes in the external fire situation and rescue activities throughout the process; after external rescue personnel arrive at the scene and confirm that the external environment is safe, under the professional guidance of the rescue personnel, unfasten the Velcro on the fire shelter door and evacuate the safety site in an orderly manner.

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