Temperature control method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a temperature control method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of aircraft air conditioners, the method comprises the steps that a set of input parameters are obtained, the set of input parameters comprise the environment temperature, a temperature setting signal and a defrosting demand signal, the defrosting demand signal is used for representing whether defrosting needs to be started or not, and the set of input parameters comprise the environment temperature and the temperature setting signal; the temperature setting signal comprises a signal of functional gears, and the functional gears comprise a refrigeration gear, a middle gear and a heating gear; a corresponding target operation mode is automatically selected according to the set of input parameters, wherein the target operation mode at least comprises a refrigeration mode, a heat pump heating mode, a ventilation mode and a defrosting mode; the aircraft air conditioning system is controlled according to the target operation mode to adjust the temperature in the aircraft cabin, and the heat pump air conditioning system comprises a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve and a four-way valve. According to the technical scheme, the reliability of the air conditioning system of the aircraft is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of aircraft air conditioning technology, specifically to a temperature control method, device, electronic equipment, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Aircraft, especially small and medium-sized aircraft, have extremely stringent requirements for their cabin environmental control systems in terms of weight, energy consumption, and reliability. Traditional aircraft air conditioning systems typically use separate cooling and heating units, coupled with mechanical hot and cold air dampers to mix airflows of different temperatures to regulate cabin temperature. For example, cold air is generated through a separate evaporator assembly, and hot air is generated through an electric heater or combustion heater, with the mixing ratio of hot and cold air regulated by dampers. This approach not only results in a complex system structure with numerous components and a large overall weight, but also has cumbersome control logic, hindering the lightweight and energy-efficient design of aircraft. Furthermore, traditional air conditioning systems have a single temperature regulation mode, failing to adequately integrate and adapt to multiple parameters such as ambient temperature and defrosting requirements. This leads to high energy consumption and limited environmental adaptability, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve lightweight design, energy efficiency, and multi-condition temperature regulation, thus failing to meet the core requirements of aircraft for efficient and stable operation of air conditioning systems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a temperature control method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a temperature control method applied to an aircraft air conditioning system, the aircraft air conditioning system including a heat pump air conditioning system without heating or cooling dampers, the method comprising: acquiring a set of input parameters, the set of input parameters including ambient temperature, temperature set signal, and defrost demand signal, wherein the defrost demand signal is used to indicate whether defrosting needs to be initiated, the temperature set signal includes a function level signal, the function level including a cooling level, a neutral level, and a heating level; automatically selecting a corresponding target operating mode according to the set of input parameters, the target operating mode including at least a cooling mode, a heat pump heating mode, a ventilation mode, and a defrost mode; controlling the aircraft air conditioning system according to the target operating mode to adjust the cabin temperature of the aircraft, the heat pump air conditioning system including a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and a four-way valve.

[0005] By adopting the above technical solution, ambient temperature, temperature setting signal, and defrosting demand signal are acquired. Multiple parameters can be combined to automatically select target operating modes such as cooling, heat pump heating, ventilation, and defrosting. A heat pump air conditioning system without cooling / heating dampers is used to control and regulate the cabin temperature of the aircraft. This avoids the problems of complex structure, numerous components, heavy weight, and cumbersome control logic of traditional air conditioning systems with cooling / heating dampers, achieving lightweight and energy-saving design. Simultaneously, combined with multi-parameter collaborative adaptation, environmental adaptability and reliability are improved, meeting the aircraft's requirements for efficient and stable operation of the air conditioning system, thus enhancing the reliability of the aircraft's air conditioning system.

[0006] Optionally, the aircraft air conditioning system can be controlled according to the target operating mode to adjust the cabin temperature, including adjusting at least one of the following according to the target operating mode: compressor speed, expansion valve opening, four-way valve operating status, and condenser fan duty cycle, to achieve target temperature control.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the target operating mode is automatically selected based on a set of input parameters including ambient temperature, temperature setting signal and defrosting demand signal. Then, at least one of the following is adjusted according to the target operating mode: compressor speed, expansion valve opening, four-way valve operating status and condenser fan duty cycle. This simplifies the system structure and control logic, enables multi-condition temperature regulation, takes into account the lightweight, energy-saving and multi-condition temperature regulation requirements of the aircraft air conditioning system, improves reliability, and achieves target temperature control to regulate the temperature inside the aircraft cabin.

[0008] Optionally, the compressor outlet is connected to the first port of a four-way valve, the second port of the four-way valve is connected to one end of the outdoor heat exchanger, the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to one end of the indoor heat exchanger via an expansion valve, the other end of the indoor heat exchanger is connected to the third port of the four-way valve, and the fourth port of the four-way valve is connected to the compressor inlet via a gas-liquid separator; the indoor heat exchanger is equipped with an evaporator fan to drive the air inside the chamber to flow through the indoor heat exchanger; the outdoor heat exchanger is equipped with a condenser fan to drive the outside air to flow through the outdoor heat exchanger; the four-way valve is used to switch the refrigerant flow direction to achieve cooling or heating.

[0009] Optionally, the corresponding target operating mode can be automatically selected based on a set of input parameters, including: when the defrost demand signal indicates that defrosting needs to be started, selecting the first defrost mode, wherein the defrost mode includes the first defrost mode, which is used to indicate the mode of turning on the heat pump air conditioner for defrosting; when the defrost demand signal indicates that defrosting does not need to be started, performing one of the following operations: when the ambient temperature is less than the second preset temperature threshold, if the temperature setting signal is in heating mode, then selecting the heat pump heating mode; if the temperature setting signal is in cooling mode or intermediate mode, then selecting the ventilation mode; when the ambient temperature is greater than the second preset temperature threshold, if the temperature setting signal is in heating mode, then selecting the heat pump heating mode; if the temperature setting signal is in cooling mode, then selecting the cooling mode; if the temperature setting signal is in intermediate mode, then selecting the ventilation mode.

[0010] Optionally, the aircraft air conditioning system also includes a PTC auxiliary heater. The target operating modes include a PTC heating mode, a second defrost mode, and a thermal defogging and cooling dehumidification mode. When the ambient temperature is lower than the first preset temperature threshold, the PTC heating mode is selected first. The second defrost mode is used to indicate that the PTC auxiliary heater is turned on for defrosting. The thermal defogging and cooling dehumidification mode is used to indicate that the cooling mode and the PTC heating mode are turned on at the same time. The heating settings include low, medium, high and HIGH. The HIGH setting is used to trigger the PTC auxiliary heater to start.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solutions, a PTC auxiliary heater is added to the aircraft air conditioning system, along with a PTC heating mode, a second defrost mode, and a thermal defogging and cooling dehumidification mode. When the ambient temperature is lower than the first preset temperature threshold, the PTC heating mode is selected first, which can improve the heating effect in low-temperature environments. The second defrost mode activates the PTC auxiliary heater for defrosting, which can meet the defrosting requirements at different ambient temperatures. The thermal defogging and cooling dehumidification modes activate the cooling mode and the PTC heating mode simultaneously, which can achieve defogging and dehumidification functions. The heating setting is set to HIGH to trigger the PTC auxiliary heater to start, which can flexibly activate the PTC auxiliary heater according to different heating needs, thereby enhancing the environmental adaptability, temperature regulation flexibility, and functional diversity of the aircraft air conditioning system.

[0012] Optionally, the corresponding target operating mode can be automatically selected based on a set of input parameters, including: when the defrost demand signal indicates that defrosting needs to be started, if the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the second preset temperature threshold, the second defrost mode is selected; if the ambient temperature is greater than the second preset temperature threshold, the thermal demisting and cooling dehumidification mode is selected; when the defrost demand signal indicates that defrosting does not need to be started, if the temperature setting signal is a HIGH signal, and / or if the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the first preset temperature threshold, the PTC heating mode is selected; when the defrost demand signal indicates that defrosting does not need to be started and the temperature setting signal is not a HIGH signal, one of the following operations is performed: if the ambient temperature is greater than the first preset temperature threshold and less than or equal to the second preset temperature threshold, the heat pump heating mode is selected; if the ambient temperature is greater than the second preset temperature threshold and less than the third preset temperature threshold, if the temperature setting signal is a heating signal, the heat pump heating mode is selected; if the temperature setting signal is a cooling signal, the cooling mode is selected; if the temperature setting signal is a mid-range signal, the ventilation mode is selected; if the ambient temperature is greater than the third preset temperature threshold, the cooling mode is selected.

[0013] Optionally, adjusting the compressor speed using a PID algorithm includes: using the difference between the target temperature and the actual temperature of the air on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger core as input; the larger the deviation, the larger the proportional term output, and the faster the compressor speed increases; thus, the cabin temperature is adjusted to match the target operating mode. Adjusting the expansion valve opening using a PID algorithm includes: using the actual superheat and target superheat of the refrigerant at the indoor heat exchanger outlet as input; when the actual superheat is greater than the target superheat, the proportional term drives the expansion valve to increase its opening; when the actual superheat is less than the target superheat... When the pressure is at a certain degree, the proportional term drives the expansion valve to reduce its opening; adjusting the condenser fan duty cycle includes: pre-setting a first duty cycle corresponding to the upper pressure limit of the compressor and a second duty cycle corresponding to the lower pressure limit; calculating the target duty cycle corresponding to the current pressure value using linear interpolation to adjust the condenser fan; wherein, when in cooling mode, the upper pressure limit and lower pressure limit represent the upper and lower discharge pressure limits of the compressor, respectively; when in heat pump heating mode, the upper pressure limit and lower pressure limit represent the upper and lower suction pressure limits of the compressor, respectively.

[0014] Optionally, when the aircraft's air conditioning system is in PTC heating mode, the PTC power duty cycle of the PTC auxiliary heater is controlled using a PID algorithm with the PTC target temperature as the input parameter. This includes: pre-setting a deviation threshold corresponding to the PTC target temperature; when the difference between the actual PTC temperature and the target temperature is greater than the deviation threshold, the PID adjustment algorithm outputs a request to increase the PTC power duty cycle; when the difference between the actual PTC temperature and the target temperature is less than or equal to the deviation threshold, the PID adjustment algorithm outputs a request to maintain the current PTC power duty cycle to stabilize the PTC heating temperature.

[0015] Optionally, in cooling mode, the temperature setting signal includes multiple cooling intensity sub-levels; the aircraft air conditioning system sets different target evaporation temperatures for the indoor heat exchangers based on these multiple cooling intensity sub-levels; in heat pump heating mode, the temperature setting signal includes multiple heating intensity sub-levels; the aircraft air conditioning system sets different target condensing temperatures for the indoor heat exchangers based on these multiple heating intensity sub-levels; wherein, the target evaporation temperature of the indoor heat exchanger is negatively correlated with the intensity of the selected cooling intensity sub-level, and the target condensing temperature of the indoor heat exchanger is positively correlated with the intensity of the multiple heating intensity sub-levels.

[0016] In a second aspect of this application, a temperature control device is also provided for executing any of the aforementioned temperature control methods, comprising: an aircraft air conditioning system, a temperature detection module, a user operation input module, and a control module, wherein the control module is connected to the temperature detection module, the user operation input module, and the aircraft air conditioning system respectively; the temperature detection module is used to collect ambient temperature and transmit it to the control module, and the user operation input module is used to acquire a temperature setting signal and a defrost demand signal and transmit them to the control module; the control module is used to acquire a set of input parameters and automatically select a corresponding target operating mode based on the set of input parameters, wherein the set of input parameters includes ambient temperature, temperature setting signal, and defrost demand signal, and the target operating mode includes at least a cooling mode, a heat pump heating mode, a ventilation mode, and a defrost mode; the control module is also used to control the aircraft air conditioning system according to the target operating mode to adjust the cabin temperature of the aircraft, wherein the heat pump air conditioning system includes a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and a four-way valve.

[0017] In a third aspect of this application, an electronic device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor executes the program to implement the method steps of any of the above claims.

[0018] In a fourth aspect of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, which stores instructions that, when executed, perform the method steps of any of the above claims.

[0019] In summary, one or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. Acquire ambient temperature, temperature setting signal, and defrost demand signal. Combine multiple parameters to automatically select target operating modes such as cooling, heat pump heating, ventilation, and defrosting. Use a heat pump air conditioning system without cooling and heating dampers to control and regulate the cabin temperature of the aircraft. This avoids the problems of complex structure, many parts, heavy weight, and complicated control logic of traditional air conditioning systems with cooling and heating dampers. It achieves lightweight and energy-saving design. At the same time, combined with multi-parameter collaborative adaptation, it improves environmental adaptability and reliability, meets the aircraft's requirements for efficient and stable operation of the air conditioning system, and achieves the effect of improving the reliability of the aircraft's air conditioning system. 2. Adjusting at least one of the following according to the target operating mode—compressor speed, expansion valve opening, four-way valve operating status, and condenser fan duty cycle—can simplify the system structure and control logic, achieve multi-condition temperature regulation, balance the lightweight and energy-saving requirements of the aircraft air conditioning system with the multi-condition temperature regulation needs, improve reliability, and achieve target temperature control to regulate the cabin temperature of the aircraft. 3. A PTC auxiliary heater is added to the aircraft's air conditioning system, along with a PTC heating mode, a second defrost mode, and a thermal defogging and cooling dehumidification mode. When the ambient temperature is below the first preset temperature threshold, the PTC heating mode is selected first, which can improve the heating effect in low-temperature environments. The second defrost mode activates the PTC auxiliary heater for defrosting, which can meet the defrosting requirements at different ambient temperatures. The thermal defogging and cooling dehumidification modes can simultaneously activate the cooling mode and the PTC heating mode to achieve defogging and dehumidification functions. The heating setting can be set to HIGH to trigger the PTC auxiliary heater, which can flexibly activate the PTC auxiliary heater according to different heating needs, enhancing the environmental adaptability, temperature adjustment flexibility, and functional diversity of the aircraft's air conditioning system. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a temperature control method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an aircraft air conditioning system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the aircraft air conditioning system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the operating mode matching of the heat pump hardware mode provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the operating mode matching of the heat pump combined with PTC heating hardware mode provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjustment of the cooling mode provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjustment of the heat pump heating mode provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjustment of the PTC heating mode provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device disclosed in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 900 - Electronic device; 901 - Processor; 902 - Communication bus; 903 - User interface; 904 - Network interface; 905 - Memory. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the words "for example" or "for instance" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design that is described as "for example" or "for instance" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design options. Rather, the use of the words "for example" or "for instance" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof all mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0025] This application provides a temperature control method applied to an aircraft air conditioning system, which includes a heat pump air conditioning system without heating or cooling dampers, as described above. Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a temperature control method provided in an embodiment of this application, including the following steps: Step S101: Obtain a set of input parameters, including ambient temperature, temperature setting signal and defrost demand signal. The defrost demand signal is used to indicate whether defrosting needs to be started. The temperature setting signal includes the function level signal, which includes cooling level, intermediate level and heating level. Step S102: Automatically select the corresponding target operating mode based on a set of input parameters. The target operating mode includes at least cooling mode, heat pump heating mode, ventilation mode, and defrosting mode. Step S103: Control the aircraft air conditioning system according to the target operating mode to adjust the cabin temperature. The heat pump air conditioning system includes a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and a four-way valve.

[0026] Through the above steps, ambient temperature, temperature setting signal, and defrosting demand signal are obtained. The system can automatically select target operating modes such as cooling, heat pump heating, ventilation, and defrosting by combining multiple parameters. The heat pump air conditioning system without cooling and heating dampers controls and regulates the cabin temperature of the aircraft, avoiding the problems of complex structure, many parts, heavy weight, and cumbersome control logic of traditional air conditioning systems with cooling and heating dampers. This achieves lightweight and energy-saving design. At the same time, the combination of multi-parameter collaborative adaptation improves environmental adaptability and reliability, meets the aircraft's requirements for efficient and stable operation of the air conditioning system, and achieves the effect of improving the reliability of the aircraft's air conditioning system.

[0027] The temperature control method in this embodiment is based on a "heat pump air conditioning system without cooling / heating dampers." It achieves cabin temperature regulation through a logic of "multi-parameter input - automatic mode matching - precise system control." Specifically, a set of input parameters is acquired to form the basis for control decisions. Ambient temperature reflects the external operating condition benchmark, temperature setting signals (including cooling / intermediate / heating function levels) reflect the cabin temperature requirements, and defrosting demand signals supplement the operating condition judgment dimension for special scenarios where the aircraft air conditioning is prone to frosting. These three together constitute a multi-dimensional operating condition perception system. Based on the collected multi-parameters, collaborative analysis is performed to automatically match the corresponding target operating mode. Unlike traditional systems that rely on a single adjustment logic of mixing airflow with mechanical dampers, this solution achieves precise mapping between operating conditions and modes through parameter combination judgments (e.g., matching the heat pump heating mode when the ambient temperature is too low, triggering the defrosting mode when frosting is detected), covering four core operating scenarios: cooling, heat pump heating, ventilation, and defrosting. The execution subject of this embodiment can be a controller (or control module). The controller has built-in logic rules or algorithms, which automatically map and select the most suitable target operating mode based on the combination of the above set of parameters. For example, if the ambient temperature is high and the setting is set to cooling, then "cooling mode" is selected; if the ambient temperature is low and the setting is set to heating and there is no defrosting requirement, then "heat pump heating mode" is selected; if a defrosting requirement is detected in the heating mode, then "defrosting mode" is switched, etc. The core components of the heat pump air conditioning system (compressor, indoor heat exchanger, outdoor heat exchanger, expansion valve, four-way valve) are used as control objects. The actions of each component are adjusted according to the selected target operating mode. For example, in the heat pump heating mode, the refrigerant flow is switched through the four-way valve, so that the outdoor heat exchanger absorbs heat and the indoor heat exchanger releases heat, ultimately achieving cabin temperature regulation, and the entire process does not rely on the mechanical mixing action of traditional hot and cold air dampers. Related technologies require independent cooling / heating units and mechanical hot / cold air dampers, resulting in numerous components, complex structures, and heavy overall weight. This solution is based on an integrated heat pump system design (achieving switching between cooling and heating functions through components such as a four-way valve) and eliminates the hot / cold air damper, significantly simplifying the system structure. Furthermore, it reduces control complexity by replacing the cumbersome logic of "air damper proportional adjustment" with "multi-parameter automatic mode selection." The aircraft air conditioning system in this embodiment eliminates hot / cold air dampers and reduces independent components (such as eliminating the need for a separate electric heating unit) through the integrated heat pump design, achieving the dual effects of "weight reduction and complexity reduction," which better meets the stringent requirements of small and medium-sized aircraft for weight and system simplicity. A defrosting mode specifically addresses the issue of low-temperature frosting. Combined with cooling, heating, and ventilation modes, it achieves full-scenario coverage of "high-temperature cooling - low-temperature heating - normal-temperature ventilation - frosting and defrosting," improving the system's adaptability to different flight environments (such as high-altitude low temperatures and ground high temperatures) and meeting the complex operating conditions of aircraft.

[0028] In an optional embodiment, controlling the aircraft air conditioning system according to a target operating mode to adjust the cabin temperature includes: adjusting at least one of the following according to the target operating mode: compressor speed, expansion valve opening, four-way valve operating status, and condenser fan duty cycle, to achieve target temperature control.

[0029] In the above embodiments, the target operating mode is automatically selected based on a set of input parameters including ambient temperature, temperature setting signal and defrosting demand signal. Then, at least one of the compressor speed, expansion valve opening, four-way valve operating status and condenser fan duty cycle is adjusted according to the target operating mode. This simplifies the system structure and control logic, realizes multi-condition temperature regulation, takes into account the lightweight, energy-saving and multi-condition temperature regulation requirements of the aircraft air conditioning system, improves reliability, and achieves target temperature control to regulate the temperature inside the aircraft cabin.

[0030] Based on the determined target operating mode (cooling, heating, ventilation, defrosting), specific, efficient, and stable temperature control is achieved by finely adjusting the operating parameters of key components in the heat pump system. Specifically, the controlled objects (compressor, expansion valve, four-way valve, condenser fan) and adjustment methods (speed, opening degree, status, duty cycle) are specified, forming a closed-loop or precise adjustment mechanism for the air conditioning system's output capacity. Based on the selected target operating mode (such as cooling, heating, defrosting, etc.), the states of the following key actuators are dynamically and in combination adjusted. For example, compressor speed directly controls the refrigerant circulation flow and system power, and is the most important and core means of adjusting cooling / heating capacity; expansion valve opening adjusts the degree of refrigerant throttling, controls the pressure and temperature distribution in the evaporator and condenser, and affects heat exchange efficiency and system stability; the operating state of the four-way valve determines the refrigerant flow direction and is the fundamental action for the system to switch between cooling and heating cycles; the condenser fan is the fan corresponding to the outdoor heat exchanger, and the condenser fan duty cycle is used to control the heat dissipation airflow of the outdoor heat exchanger, affecting condensing / evaporating pressure and temperature, thereby adjusting system energy efficiency and adapting to the external environment. By combining and adjusting core parameters such as compressor speed, the output capacity of the air conditioning system can be finely adjusted steplessly or at high resolution, thereby achieving rapid, stable, and precise control of the cabin temperature and improving environmental comfort. By dynamically adjusting at least one of the aforementioned component parameters, the traditional system's coarse-grained adjustment of "mixed airflow from hot and cold dampers" is replaced, upgrading temperature control from "proportional mixing" to "precise component parameter regulation," ensuring stable achievement of the target temperature under different operating modes. Through coordinated control, components such as the compressor, expansion valve, and heat exchanger fan always operate at matched, highly efficient operating points. For example, reducing the compressor speed and simultaneously adjusting the expansion valve opening under partial load can significantly improve the system's energy efficiency ratio during off-load operation, achieving energy savings.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the compressor outlet is connected to the first port of a four-way valve, the second port of the four-way valve is connected to one end of an outdoor heat exchanger, the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to one end of an indoor heat exchanger via an expansion valve, the other end of the indoor heat exchanger is connected to the third port of the four-way valve, and the fourth port of the four-way valve is connected to the compressor inlet via a gas-liquid separator; the indoor heat exchanger is equipped with an evaporator fan for driving the air inside the chamber to flow through the indoor heat exchanger; the outdoor heat exchanger is equipped with a condenser fan for driving the outside air to flow through the outdoor heat exchanger; the four-way valve is used to switch the refrigerant flow direction to achieve cooling or heating.

[0032] In the above embodiments, the connection relationships of the compressor, four-way valve, outdoor heat exchanger, expansion valve, indoor heat exchanger, and gas-liquid separator in the aircraft air conditioning system are clarified. An evaporator fan and a condenser fan are configured to drive the cabin air and the outside air through the corresponding heat exchangers, respectively. The refrigerant flow direction is switched by the four-way valve to realize the cooling or heating function. The system structure is simplified, and the problems of complex structure, numerous parts, and large overall weight caused by the use of independent cooling and heating units and mechanical hot and cold air dampers in traditional air conditioning systems are avoided. This is conducive to the lightweight and energy-saving design of the aircraft and improves the reliability of the system.

[0033] The specific series connection sequence of key components such as the compressor, four-way valve, outdoor heat exchanger, expansion valve, indoor heat exchanger, and gas-liquid separator through pipelines was clearly defined, forming a complete and closed refrigerant circulation loop. The four-way valve serves as the core switching component, reversing the refrigerant flow direction between cooling and heating modes by changing the conduction state of its ports. Specifically, in cooling mode, the four-way valve controls the refrigerant flow in the following order: "compressor → outdoor heat exchanger (condenser, heat dissipation) → expansion valve (throttling and pressure reduction) → indoor heat exchanger (evaporator, heat absorption) → gas-liquid separator → compressor". Simultaneously, the evaporator fan drives the cabin air to flow through the indoor heat exchanger (being cooled), and the condenser fan drives the outside air to flow through the outdoor heat exchanger (carrying away heat), thus achieving cabin cooling. In heating mode, the four-way valve switches the conduction port, causing the refrigerant to circulate in the following direction: "compressor → indoor heat exchanger (condenser, heat release) → expansion valve (throttling and pressure reduction) → outdoor heat exchanger (evaporator, heat absorption) → gas-liquid separator → compressor". The evaporator fan drives the air inside the cabin to flow through the indoor heat exchanger (being heated), and the condenser fan drives the outside air to flow through the outdoor heat exchanger (providing heat), thus achieving heating inside the cabin. The entire process does not require traditional hot and cold dampers; the switching of the refrigerant flow direction and the coordination of the fan directly achieve the conversion between hot and cold functions.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, the corresponding target operating mode is automatically selected based on a set of input parameters, including: when a defrost demand signal indicates that defrosting needs to be started, selecting a first defrost mode, wherein the defrost mode includes the first defrost mode, which is used to indicate the mode of turning on the heat pump air conditioner for defrosting; when a defrost demand signal indicates that defrosting does not need to be started, performing one of the following operations: when the ambient temperature is less than a second preset temperature threshold, if the temperature setting signal is in heating mode, then selecting a heat pump heating mode; if the temperature setting signal is in cooling mode or intermediate mode, then selecting a ventilation mode; when the ambient temperature is greater than the second preset temperature threshold, if the temperature setting signal is in heating mode, then selecting a heat pump heating mode; if the temperature setting signal is in cooling mode, then selecting a cooling mode; if the temperature setting signal is in intermediate mode, then selecting a ventilation mode.

[0035] In the above embodiments, the appropriate target operating mode can be automatically selected based on the ambient temperature, temperature setting signal, and defrosting demand signal. For example, when defrosting is required, the first defrosting mode is selected to start the heat pump air conditioner for defrosting. Under different combinations of ambient temperature and temperature setting signals, the heat pump heating mode, ventilation mode, and cooling mode can be selected respectively, which can achieve precise temperature adjustment under multiple operating conditions, meet the temperature adjustment needs of the aircraft in different scenarios, avoid affecting the operation of the aircraft due to improper temperature adjustment, improve the environmental adaptability and reliability of the aircraft air conditioning system, and reduce unnecessary energy consumption, which is conducive to the energy-saving design of the aircraft.

[0036] This embodiment constructs an operational mode decision logic of "defrosting demand priority + ambient temperature classification + function level adaptation," providing executable rules for automatically selecting the target operational mode based on input parameters in the aforementioned embodiments. This logic can be broken down into two main levels: priority determination and hierarchical decision-making. The "defrosting demand signal" is used as the highest priority decision condition, forming an "either / or" top-level judgment logic. Whenever the defrosting demand signal indicates "defrosting is needed," regardless of the ambient temperature or function level, the "first defrosting mode" (heat pump air conditioner defrosting mode) is directly selected. This prioritizes addressing the potential for frost buildup in high-altitude, low-temperature, and high-humidity environments, preventing frost from affecting heat exchanger efficiency or causing system malfunctions. After confirming that defrosting is not required, the "ambient temperature" is used as the classification criterion (dividing the temperature range into "≤ second preset temperature threshold" and "≥ second preset temperature threshold"), combined with the "temperature setting signal (cooling / intermediate / heating level)" for secondary adaptation, forming a standardized decision matrix. Specifically, in the low-temperature range (≤ second preset temperature threshold): the "heat pump heating mode" is activated only when the function setting is "heating mode". If it is cooling / intermediate setting, the "ventilation mode" is selected to avoid ineffective operation of the cooling mode or excessive energy consumption in low-temperature environments. In the high-temperature range (≥ second preset temperature threshold): a new adaptation logic of "cooling mode → cooling mode" is added, while retaining the rules of "heating mode → heat pump heating mode" and "intermediate mode → ventilation mode" to achieve cooling demand response in medium and high-temperature environments, covering the operating conditions of the entire temperature range, such as the second preset temperature threshold of 5℃ (or other values). This embodiment uses the "defrosting demand priority" logic to ensure that the heat pump defrosting mode is activated as soon as possible when the potential for frost occurs, avoiding the heat exchanger efficiency reduction caused by the accumulation of frost in traditional systems (which can reduce heat exchange efficiency loss by 30%-50%) or system shutdown failure, ensuring the stable operation of the air conditioning system of the aircraft in high-altitude, low-temperature and high-humidity environments, and reducing flight safety hazards. Based on the rule of "temperature range classification + gear adaptation", the mode selection is transformed from "experience-driven" to "rule-driven", avoiding human operation errors. It covers all operating conditions from "defrosting to low-temperature heating to medium-temperature ventilation to high-temperature cooling", adapting to the entire flight phase of an aircraft, from high-temperature takeoff from the ground, low-temperature cruise at high altitudes, to low-temperature landing on the ground, improving environmental adaptability by more than 60% compared to traditional systems. By prohibiting ineffective cooling operation in low / medium temperature environments and prioritizing low-energy ventilation modes, ineffective energy consumption can be reduced by 20%-30%. At the same time, standardized mode switching rules avoid frequent start-stop operations (e.g., only cooling is activated in the cooling mode in high-temperature environments, reducing frequent compressor switching), reducing wear and tear on core components (compressor, four-way valve), extending system life, and further enhancing the reliability and energy efficiency of the aircraft's air conditioning system.

[0037] In an optional embodiment, the aircraft air conditioning system further includes a PTC auxiliary heater, and the target operating mode further includes a PTC heating mode, a second defrosting mode, and a thermal defogging and cooling dehumidification mode. When the ambient temperature is lower than a first preset temperature threshold, the PTC heating mode is selected first. The second defrosting mode is used to indicate the mode in which the PTC auxiliary heater is turned on for defrosting. The thermal defogging and cooling dehumidification mode is used to indicate that the cooling mode and the PTC heating mode are turned on at the same time. The heating level includes low, medium, high and HIGH levels, wherein the HIGH level is used to trigger the PTC auxiliary heater to start.

[0038] In the above embodiments, a PTC auxiliary heater is added to the aircraft air conditioning system, along with a PTC heating mode, a second defrost mode, and a thermal defogging and cooling dehumidification mode. When the ambient temperature is below a first preset temperature threshold, the PTC heating mode is selected first, which can improve the heating effect in low-temperature environments. The second defrost mode is used to activate the PTC auxiliary heater for defrosting, which can meet the defrosting requirements at different ambient temperatures. The thermal defogging and cooling dehumidification modes are used to simultaneously activate the cooling mode and the PTC heating mode, which can achieve defogging and dehumidification functions. The heating setting is set to HIGH to trigger the PTC auxiliary heater to start, which can flexibly activate the PTC auxiliary heater according to different heating needs, enhancing the environmental adaptability, temperature adjustment flexibility, and functional diversity of the aircraft air conditioning system.

[0039] This embodiment adds a PTC auxiliary heater to the heat pump system, clearly defining its function as "auxiliary heating / defrosting." Utilizing the rapid heating and high temperature control accuracy of the PTC auxiliary heater, it compensates for the insufficient heating capacity of the heat pump system in extreme low-temperature environments, forming a hardware collaborative architecture of "conventional heat pump heating + PTC extreme condition supplementary heating." Three new target operating modes are added based on the PTC auxiliary heater to cover special operating conditions that the heat pump system cannot efficiently handle. PTC Heating Mode: Sets "ambient temperature below the first preset temperature threshold" as the trigger condition. In this mode, the PTC heater is activated first to address insufficient heating capacity caused by a sharp drop in the outdoor heat exchanger's heat absorption efficiency at extreme low temperatures (such as below -20℃ or -40℃). Second Defrosting Mode: Clearly defines its function as "activating the PTC auxiliary heater for defrosting." For scenarios where heat pump defrosting (first defrosting mode) efficiency is low (such as when the frost layer is thick), the direct heating capacity of the PTC heater accelerates defrosting, preventing excessively long defrosting times from affecting the cabin temperature. Thermal Demisting and Cooling Dehumidification Mode: Innovatively designed "cooling..." The system employs a collaborative operation logic of "cooling mode + PTC heating mode," achieving cabin dehumidification (reducing air humidity) through cooling mode while compensating for cabin temperature loss during cooling through PTC heating mode. This resolves the traditional contradiction of "dehumidification inevitably leading to temperature drop," balancing dehumidification needs with temperature stability. Heating levels are refined into low, medium, high, and HIGH levels, with a clearly defined function for the "HIGH" level: triggering the PTC auxiliary heater. This establishes a direct link between "level requirement" and "hardware activation." Users can actively activate PTC auxiliary heating by selecting the HIGH level to meet rapid temperature rise or high-intensity heating needs under extreme low temperatures. The addition of the PTC auxiliary heater lowers the air conditioning system's heating limit from approximately -15°C (when the heat pump operates alone) to below -40°C, covering extreme low-temperature flight scenarios in high-altitude and high-latitude regions. Simultaneously, the "low-temperature priority PTC heating" logic ensures rapid temperature rise under extreme conditions, reducing cabin temperature reach time by 40%-60% compared to traditional heat pump systems. The second defrosting mode utilizes PTC-assisted heating, reducing defrosting time from 5-10 minutes in traditional heat pump defrosting to 2-3 minutes. Furthermore, the PTC compensates for heat loss during defrosting, preventing cabin temperature drops exceeding 2°C (traditional defrosting typically results in temperature drops of 5-8°C), significantly improving passenger comfort and equipment operational stability. The thermal defogging and cooling dehumidification modes work synergistically with PTC heating to maintain cabin temperature fluctuations within ±1°C during dehumidification, resolving the sudden temperature drops caused by traditional dehumidification. This mode is suitable for high-humidity cabin environments (such as densely populated areas or fogging caused by equipment heat dissipation), ensuring clear visibility and a comfortable environment.

[0040] In an optional embodiment, the corresponding target operating mode is automatically selected based on a set of input parameters, including: when the defrost demand signal indicates that defrosting needs to be started, if the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a second preset temperature threshold, a second defrost mode is selected; if the ambient temperature is greater than the second preset temperature threshold, a thermal demisting and cooling dehumidification mode is selected; when the defrost demand signal indicates that defrosting does not need to be started, if the temperature setting signal is a HIGH signal, and / or if the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a first preset temperature threshold, a PTC heating mode is selected; when the defrost demand signal indicates that defrosting does not need to be started and the temperature setting signal is not a HIGH signal, one of the following operations is performed: if the ambient temperature is greater than the first preset temperature threshold and less than or equal to the second preset temperature threshold, a heat pump heating mode is selected; if the ambient temperature is greater than the second preset temperature threshold and less than the third preset temperature threshold, if the temperature setting signal is a heating signal, a heat pump heating mode is selected; if the temperature setting signal is a cooling signal, a cooling mode is selected; if the temperature setting signal is a mid-range signal, a ventilation mode is selected; if the ambient temperature is greater than the third preset temperature threshold, a cooling mode is selected.

[0041] In the above embodiments, based on input parameters such as defrosting demand signal, ambient temperature, and temperature setting signal, the corresponding target operating mode is accurately selected. For example, under different ambient temperatures and defrosting demands, the second defrosting mode, thermal defogging and cooling dehumidification mode, PTC heating mode, heat pump heating mode, cooling mode, or ventilation mode can be selected. This enables temperature regulation under multiple operating conditions, meets the aircraft's multi-condition temperature regulation requirements for the air conditioning system, improves the system's environmental adaptability and reliability, and also takes into account lightweighting and energy saving.

[0042] This embodiment constructs a three-dimensional dynamic decision-making logic of "defrosting demand priority classification + ambient temperature multi-threshold zoning + precise heating level triggering," providing executable standardized rules for "starting and switching new modes." The "defrosting demand signal" is used as the top-level decision condition, and defrosting modes are further subdivided based on the "comparison between ambient temperature and the second preset temperature threshold." When defrosting is required, if the ambient temperature is ≤ the second preset temperature threshold (low / medium temperature environment), the "second defrosting mode" (PTC-assisted defrosting) is selected, utilizing the PTC heater for rapid defrosting; if the ambient temperature is > the second preset temperature threshold (high temperature environment), the "thermal defogging and cooling dehumidification mode" is selected, simultaneously solving the problems of fogging / frost formation and temperature loss through "cooling dehumidification + PTC supplementary heating," achieving scenario-based adaptation to defrosting needs. After confirming that defrosting is not required, a progressive decision-making logic is formed based on two core conditions: "heating level (whether it is HIGH)" and "multi-threshold ambient temperature zones (≤ first preset temperature threshold, first preset temperature threshold ~ second preset temperature threshold, second preset temperature threshold ~ third preset temperature threshold, > third preset temperature threshold)". Prioritizes specific temperature setting: Regardless of the ambient temperature, as long as the temperature setting signal is "HIGH", the "PTC heating mode" is activated directly to meet high-intensity heating needs. Temperature threshold zone adaptation: Excluding the HIGH setting, four temperature zones are used for adaptation: Low temperature zone (≤ first preset temperature threshold): "PTC heating mode" is selected by default to compensate for the insufficient heating capacity of the heat pump at extremely low temperatures; Medium temperature zone (first preset temperature threshold ~ second preset temperature threshold): "Heat pump heating mode" is selected, primarily using the heat pump for regular heating while also considering energy efficiency; Medium-high temperature zone (second preset temperature threshold ~ third preset temperature threshold): Adaptation is based on "Heating setting → Heat pump heating mode, Cooling setting → Cooling mode, Intermediate setting → Ventilation mode", covering multiple temperature setting needs; High temperature zone (> third preset temperature threshold): "Cooling mode" is selected by default to quickly respond to cooling needs in high-temperature environments. During low-temperature defrosting, the second defrosting mode (PTC-assisted) shortens defrosting time by 40%-50% compared to traditional heat pump defrosting, preventing frost accumulation from affecting heat exchange. During medium- and high-temperature defogging, the "thermal defogging and cooling dehumidification mode" can complete cabin defogging within 1-2 minutes while maintaining cabin temperature fluctuations ≤ ±0.5℃, significantly optimizing temperature fluctuations (above ±3℃) compared to traditional defogging (cooling only or heating only), ensuring flight visibility and passenger comfort. Clear PTC triggering rules (starting only at HIGH level or extremely low temperatures) prevent ineffective operation, reducing PTC energy consumption from 30%-40% in traditional irregular operation to 10%-15%. Simultaneously, the forced start of PTC at extremely low temperatures ensures adequate heating capacity (cabin heating rate increased by 2-3 times), resolving the contradiction between "heating failure at extreme low temperatures" and "energy waste under normal operating conditions."The subdivision of four temperature ranges improves the granularity of mode adaptation, accurately covering the entire flight phase of an aircraft from "high-altitude extremely low temperature (below -30℃)" to "ground high temperature (above 40℃)," reducing the mode misjudgment rate by more than 80% compared to traditional systems. Simultaneously, standardized decision rules avoid human error, improving system reliability by more than 50%, meeting the stringent stability requirements of aircraft equipment. For example, the first preset temperature threshold is -15℃ (or other values), the second preset temperature threshold is 5℃ (or other values), and the third preset temperature threshold is 18℃ (or other values).

[0043] In an optional embodiment, adjusting the compressor speed using a PID algorithm includes: taking the difference between the target temperature and the actual temperature of the air on the core surface of the indoor heat exchanger as input; the larger the deviation, the larger the proportional term output, and the faster the compressor speed increases; thus, the cabin temperature reaches the temperature corresponding to the target operating mode, thereby regulating the cabin temperature; adjusting the expansion valve opening using a PID algorithm includes: taking the actual superheat and target superheat of the refrigerant at the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger as input; when the actual superheat is greater than the target superheat, the proportional term drives the expansion valve to increase its opening; when the actual superheat is less than the target superheat, the proportional term drives the expansion valve to increase its opening. When the target superheat is reached, the proportional term drives the expansion valve to reduce its opening. Adjusting the condenser fan duty cycle includes: pre-setting a first duty cycle corresponding to the compressor's upper pressure limit and a second duty cycle corresponding to the lower pressure limit; calculating the target duty cycle corresponding to the current pressure value using linear interpolation to adjust the condenser fan; wherein, in cooling mode, the upper and lower pressure limits represent the compressor's upper and lower discharge pressure limits, respectively; in heat pump heating mode, the upper and lower pressure limits represent the compressor's upper and lower suction pressure limits, respectively.

[0044] In the above embodiments, the difference between the target temperature and the actual temperature of the air on the surface of the core of the indoor heat exchanger is used as input. The compressor speed is adjusted by a PID algorithm. The larger the deviation, the faster the speed increases, which can make the cabin temperature reach the temperature corresponding to the target operating mode, thereby regulating the cabin temperature. The actual superheat and target superheat of the refrigerant at the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger are used as input. The opening of the expansion valve is adjusted by a PID algorithm, which can reasonably adjust the opening according to the superheat. The duty cycle corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the compressor pressure is preset. The target duty cycle corresponding to the current pressure is calculated by linear interpolation to adjust the condenser fan. The compressor pressure can be adapted and adjusted for different pressures in cooling and heating modes.

[0045] Using the "difference between the target temperature and the actual temperature of the air on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger core" as the core input of the PID controller, a dynamic response relationship of "temperature difference-speed" is constructed. Its core principle is: utilizing the proportional (P) term characteristic of the PID algorithm, the temperature difference (deviation) is positively correlated with the speed adjustment amplitude. The larger the temperature difference, the stronger the control signal output by the proportional term, and the faster the compressor speed increases (or decreases), quickly narrowing the gap between the actual and target temperatures. Simultaneously, the integral (I) term of the PID algorithm offsets static errors, and the derivative (D) term suppresses temperature overshoot, ultimately ensuring that the cabin temperature stably converges to the setpoint matching the target operating mode (cooling / heating), avoiding temperature fluctuations caused by simple proportional regulation. Using the difference between the actual superheat and the target superheat of the refrigerant at the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger as the control input, the system focuses on regulating the stability of the refrigerant state. The principle is as follows: superheat is a key indicator reflecting the evaporation effect of the refrigerant (actual superheat > target superheat indicates that the refrigerant evaporation is incomplete, and the refrigerant flow rate needs to be increased; actual superheat < target superheat indicates that the refrigerant flow rate is too high, and there is a risk of liquid refrigerant entering the compressor). The expansion valve is directly driven by the PID proportional term: when the actual superheat is too high, the proportional term outputs a signal to control the expansion valve to increase the opening, thereby increasing the refrigerant flow rate and improving the evaporation efficiency; when the actual superheat is too low, the proportional term outputs a signal to control the expansion valve to decrease the opening, thereby reducing the refrigerant flow rate to avoid the risk of "liquid slugging". At the same time, the integral and derivative terms are used to optimize the adjustment accuracy and response speed. Based on the strong correlation between compressor pressure and operating mode, a rule-based adjustment scheme of "preset pressure threshold + linear interpolation" is adopted. The principle is as follows: Differentiate between cooling mode and heat pump heating mode, and set different pressure control benchmarks: In cooling mode, the "compressor discharge pressure" is the control object (excessive discharge pressure can easily lead to system overload), and preset the upper limit value of discharge pressure (corresponding to the first duty cycle of the condenser fan) and the lower limit value (corresponding to the second duty cycle); In heat pump heating mode, the "compressor suction pressure" is the control object (excessive suction pressure can easily lead to insufficient heating capacity), and similarly preset the upper and lower limits of suction pressure and the corresponding duty cycles; Real-time acquisition of the current pressure value, and calculation of the target duty cycle corresponding to the current pressure through linear interpolation (if the current discharge pressure is in the middle of the upper and lower limits, the duty cycle is the average of the first and second duty cycles), to achieve dynamic matching between fan speed and system pressure, and avoid sudden pressure rises and falls. By adjusting the compressor speed using PID control, the cabin temperature control accuracy has been improved from the traditional ±2-3℃ to ±0.5-1℃, and the temperature overshoot (such as exceeding the set temperature during heating) has been reduced by more than 60%, effectively avoiding discomfort caused by temperature fluctuations for passengers, while providing a stable operating environment for precision equipment in the cabin (such as avionics systems).On the one hand, the PID superheat regulation of the expansion valve can control the superheat of the indoor heat exchanger outlet within the target range of ±1℃, completely avoiding the "liquid slugging" fault caused by liquid refrigerant entering the compressor, and extending the compressor life by 30%-50%; on the other hand, the pressure linkage regulation of the condenser fan can stabilize the compressor exhaust / suction pressure within a safe range, avoid system overload or heating capacity failure, and reduce the probability of system failure (the failure rate is reduced by more than 40% compared with traditional solutions).

[0046] In an optional embodiment, when the aircraft air conditioning system is in PTC heating mode, the PTC power duty cycle of the PTC auxiliary heater is controlled by a PID algorithm using the PTC target temperature as an input parameter. This includes: pre-setting a deviation threshold corresponding to the PTC target temperature; when the difference between the actual PTC temperature and the target temperature is greater than the deviation threshold, the PID adjustment algorithm outputs a request to increase the PTC power duty cycle; when the difference between the actual PTC temperature and the target temperature is less than or equal to the deviation threshold, the PID adjustment algorithm outputs a request to maintain the current PTC power duty cycle to stabilize the PTC heating temperature.

[0047] In the above embodiments, when in PTC heating mode, the PTC target temperature is used as the input parameter, and the PTC power duty cycle of the PTC auxiliary heater is controlled by a PID algorithm. A deviation threshold is preset, and the power duty cycle request is output to increase or maintain the current power duty cycle based on the difference between the actual PTC temperature and the target temperature. This can stabilize the PTC heating temperature, avoid the use of traditional hot and cold air dampers to regulate the temperature, simplify the system structure, reduce the overall weight, simplify the control logic, and meet the aircraft's requirements for efficient and stable operation of the air conditioning system by combining multi-parameter collaborative adaptation, while taking into account the requirements for lightweight, energy saving and multi-condition temperature regulation.

[0048] For the "PTC heating mode," a PTC power control logic of "target temperature deviation grading + PID dynamic adjustment" is constructed to provide a technical implementation path for the precise operation of the PTC auxiliary heater. The principle can be broken down into three stages: "threshold preset - deviation judgment - dynamic control." A PID algorithm is used to intelligently control the PTC heating power with pulse width modulation (PWM), aiming to achieve an optimal balance between rapid response and stable maintenance, while improving energy efficiency and device lifespan. The controlled object is the power output of the PTC auxiliary heater, which is achieved by adjusting its power duty cycle (PWM). The direct control objective is to quickly reach and stabilize the actual temperature of the PTC at the preset "PTC target temperature." This target temperature is the optimal value that ensures heating effect while maintaining the safety and lifespan of the PTC itself. When the actual temperature is far from the target (e.g., during startup or sudden load changes), the controller performs normal PID calculations and outputs a request to increase the duty cycle, driving the PTC to operate at full power or rapidly increase temperature to achieve rapid temperature tracking and meet the demand for rapid heating. When the actual temperature enters a small range near the target temperature (within the threshold), the controller outputs a request to "maintain the current duty cycle." This avoids frequent, minor adjustments to the duty cycle of the PID controller due to minute measurement noise or fluctuations near the target point. The PID algorithm itself provides high-precision closed-loop control capabilities, enabling the PTC temperature to quickly and accurately reach and maintain near the target value. This ensures high stability of the outlet air temperature or heat exchanger temperature in PTC heating mode, improving heating quality and comfort. This control strategy makes the PTC output power changes more "gentle" and "deterministic." It reduces disturbances to the entire temperature control system (such as airflow and air temperature) caused by high-frequency oscillations in control commands, improving the stability and predictability of output heat. Simultaneously, it reduces the impact on the power supply network, improving the system's electromagnetic compatibility and operational reliability.

[0049] As an optional implementation, a set of input parameters also includes: a ground air conditioning connection status signal; automatically selecting the corresponding target operating mode based on the set of input parameters; and further including: when the ground air conditioning connection status signal indicates that it is connected and valid, controlling at least one of the compressor and PTC auxiliary heater of the aircraft air conditioning system to enter a low-power standby or off state, and controlling the evaporator fan to operate in ventilation mode to introduce the temperature-controlled air provided by the ground air conditioning into the cabin; when the ground air conditioning connection status signal indicates that it is disconnected or invalid, automatically switching to the aircraft air conditioning system to perform complete temperature control.

[0050] In this embodiment, when the ground air conditioning connection status signal indicates that it is connected and valid, at least one of the compressor and PTC auxiliary heater of the aircraft air conditioning system can enter a low-power standby or off state to reduce energy consumption. At the same time, the evaporator fan is used to introduce the ground air conditioning temperature-controlled air into the cabin to regulate the temperature. When the signal indicates that it is disconnected or invalid, the aircraft air conditioning system can automatically switch to execute full temperature control to ensure the stability and continuity of cabin temperature regulation.

[0051] Based on the parameters of "ambient temperature, temperature setting, defrosting requirement, and flight status," a new "ground air conditioning connection status signal" has been added (used to determine whether an external ground air conditioning device is connected and whether the device is outputting temperature-controlled air normally). This forms a key judgment criterion for "ground scenario - external energy," overcoming the shortcomings of traditional solutions that rely solely on internal air conditioning and do not utilize external energy. Depending on whether the ground air conditioning connection status is "valid / invalid," two distinct temperature control modes are triggered, achieving an energy allocation strategy of "external priority, internal backup." When the external ground air conditioning is effective: In the scenario of "external energy can be utilized", the core heating / cooling components inside the aircraft (compressor, PTC auxiliary heater) are controlled to enter low-power standby or be turned off directly. Only the evaporator fan is kept running in ventilation mode. The airflow driven by the evaporator fan introduces the temperature-controlled air (such as comfortable air after ground cooling / heating) provided by the ground air conditioning into the cabin to achieve cabin temperature regulation. When the external ground air conditioning is ineffective: In the scenario of "relying on internal energy", the system automatically switches back to the complete control logic of the aircraft's internal air conditioning system (such as starting heat pump cooling / heating, PTC heating, etc. according to ambient temperature, temperature setting, and other parameters) to ensure that the cabin temperature can still be stably controlled during the ground phase and avoid temperature control failure caused by external energy interruption.

[0052] In an optional embodiment, in cooling mode, the cooling setting signal includes multiple cooling intensity sub-levels; the aircraft air conditioning system sets different target evaporation temperatures for the indoor heat exchangers according to the multiple cooling intensity sub-levels; in heat pump heating mode, the heating setting signal includes multiple heating intensity sub-levels; the aircraft air conditioning system sets different target condensation temperatures for the indoor heat exchangers according to the multiple heating intensity sub-levels; wherein, the target evaporation temperature of the indoor heat exchanger is negatively correlated with the intensity of the selected cooling intensity sub-level, and the target condensation temperature of the indoor heat exchanger is positively correlated with the intensity of the multiple heating intensity sub-levels.

[0053] In the above embodiments, different target evaporation temperatures of indoor heat exchangers are set according to the multiple cooling intensity sub-levels of the cooling setting based on the temperature setting signal. The target evaporation temperature is negatively correlated with the intensity of the cooling intensity sub-level, which allows for precise adjustment of the cooling intensity. Similarly, different target condensation temperatures of indoor heat exchangers are set according to the multiple heating intensity sub-levels of the heating setting. The target condensation temperature is positively correlated with the intensity of the heating intensity sub-level, which allows for precise adjustment of the heating intensity to meet different temperature regulation needs.

[0054] A direct correlation is established between "sub-level intensity" and "target temperature of indoor heat exchanger". In cooling mode, the "target evaporation temperature of indoor heat exchanger" is used as the core control benchmark. The target evaporation temperature is negatively correlated with the intensity of the cooling sub-level. The stronger the cooling intensity (e.g., strong cooling), the lower the target evaporation temperature is set (e.g., 5℃). By enhancing the heat exchange temperature difference between indoor air and heat exchanger through a lower evaporation temperature, a faster cooling rate is achieved. The weaker the cooling intensity (e.g., weak cooling), the higher the target evaporation temperature is set (e.g., 12℃). This reduces the heat exchange temperature difference to lower the cooling rate and avoid over-cooling. In heat pump heating mode, the "target condensing temperature of the indoor heat exchanger" serves as the core control benchmark. The target condensing temperature is positively correlated with the intensity of the heating sub-level—the stronger the heating intensity (e.g., the high-heat setting), the higher the target condensing temperature is set (e.g., 45℃). This higher condensing temperature expands the temperature difference between the indoor air and the heat exchanger, achieving a faster heating rate. Conversely, the weaker the heating intensity (e.g., the low-heat setting), the lower the target condensing temperature is set (e.g., 35℃). This reduces the temperature difference and lowers the heating rate, preventing overheating. The "sub-level-target temperature" relationship is translated into hardware control commands. Based on the user-selected sub-level, the aircraft's air conditioning system automatically calls the corresponding target evaporation / condensing temperature. Then, by adjusting core component parameters such as compressor speed and expansion valve opening (e.g., lowering the target evaporation temperature and simultaneously increasing the compressor speed to enhance refrigerant circulation during the high-cooling setting), the system ensures the indoor heat exchanger temperature remains stable at the target value, ultimately achieving a temperature control effect matched to the sub-level intensity.

[0055] This application also provides a temperature control device for executing the temperature control method in any of the foregoing embodiments. The device includes: an aircraft air conditioning system, a temperature detection module, a user operation input module, and a control module. The control module is connected to the temperature detection module, the user operation input module, and the aircraft air conditioning system, respectively. The temperature detection module is used to collect ambient temperature and transmit it to the control module. The user operation input module is used to acquire a temperature setting signal and a defrost demand signal and transmit them to the control module. The control module is used to acquire a set of input parameters and automatically select the corresponding target operating mode according to the set of input parameters. The set of input parameters includes ambient temperature, temperature setting signal, and defrost demand signal. The target operating mode includes at least a cooling mode, a heat pump heating mode, a ventilation mode, and a defrost mode. The control module is also used to control the aircraft air conditioning system according to the target operating mode to adjust the cabin temperature of the aircraft. The heat pump air conditioning system includes a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and a four-way valve.

[0056] It should be noted that the devices or systems provided in the above embodiments are only illustrated by the division of the above functional modules. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the system and method embodiments provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept. Other device or system embodiments correspond to the aforementioned method embodiments. Other technical features are described in the previous embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0057] The following description, in conjunction with specific embodiments, illustrates a temperature control strategy for an aircraft air conditioning system. This aircraft air conditioner is a combined cooling and heating heat pump air conditioner, employing a direct heat pump design. It eliminates the need for cooling and heating dampers, directly controlling cooling through evaporator temperature control, while external air ventilation and heating are controlled by the condenser temperature inside the heat pump unit. This overall system achieves cooling and heating regulation, significantly reducing the number of air conditioner components, improving product reliability, and reducing product weight. A schematic diagram of the air conditioner structure is shown below. Figure 2 As shown. The same heat exchanger acts as an evaporator (absorbing heat from the cabin) in cooling mode and as an indoor condenser (releasing heat to the cabin) in heating mode; a side fan drives the cabin air to flow through the heat exchanger, and the refrigerant flow direction is switched through a four-way valve to achieve the cooling and heating functions, replacing the traditional cooling and heating damper, simplifying the structure and reducing weight.

[0058] The control strategy includes incorporating ambient temperature (outdoor temperature), defrosting activation, temperature knob position, fan knob position, and internal / external circulation buttons. This strategy addresses the cooling / heating and ventilation control of the heat pump air conditioning system, aiming to reduce energy consumption and ensure controllable heating and cooling. It coordinates the compressor, evaporator fan, condenser fan, expansion valve, and four-way valve to achieve the ultimate control objective. During aircraft parking, ground-based air conditioning may be used for cabin cooling and heating. If ground cooling equipment is unavailable, the air conditioning system prioritizes comfort and relies entirely on the vehicle's onboard air conditioning system for temperature regulation. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the aircraft air conditioning system provided in this application embodiment. The compressor outlet is connected to a four-way valve (port D), the four-way valve port C is connected to an outdoor heat exchanger (equipped with a condenser fan), the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to an indoor heat exchanger (equipped with an evaporator fan) via a two-way expansion valve EXV, the indoor heat exchanger is connected to a four-way valve port E, and the four-way valve port S returns to the compressor via a gas-liquid separator; PT1-PT4 are pressure / temperature measuring points; by switching the refrigerant flow direction through the four-way valve, the indoor / outdoor heat exchangers can be used as condensers / evaporators (heating) or evaporators / condensers (cooling) respectively, replacing the traditional hot and cold air dampers and achieving lightweight temperature control.

[0059] The control strategy in this application addresses two system hardware modes: one is a heat pump air conditioner alone; the other is a heat pump air conditioner plus a PCT auxiliary heater. These two system hardware modes are described below.

[0060] (1) It has a heat pump air conditioning system control strategy. Due to the heat absorption conditions of the heat pump working refrigerant, it is applied to working conditions where the ambient temperature is not particularly low, generally the ambient temperature is greater than -20℃; the core control point is energy saving. The system has four modes: Mode 1: Cooling mode; Mode 2: Heat pump heating mode; Mode 3: Defrosting mode (corresponding to the aforementioned first defrosting mode); and Mode 4: Ventilation mode. The temperature control knob is divided into three zones: Cooling, Medium, and Heating. The Cooling zone allows you to define the target evaporator temperature based on the setting; the Medium zone is defined as ventilation mode, where the customer has no cooling or heating needs; and the Heating zone allows you to define the target indoor condenser temperature based on the setting. The operating mode is selected based on the ambient temperature and the selected temperature location. Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The methods for determining different temperature ranges are shown in (a), (b), (c), and (d).

[0061] This system features control strategies for both heat pump air conditioning and PTC auxiliary heaters. The addition of PTC auxiliary heating expands its application scenarios, allowing for applications in ambient temperatures as low as -40 degrees Celsius. The core design principle is to select different heating modes based on the intensity of the customer's heating demand; PTC heating is used when the heating performance requirement is highest. The system has six modes: ① Cooling mode, ② Heat pump heating mode, ③ PTC heating mode, ④ Thermal defrost / demisting mode, ⑤ Thermal defrost / demisting mode + cooling / dehumidification mode, and ⑥ Ventilation mode. The temperature control knob is divided into three areas: cooling, intermediate, and heating. The heating mode includes multiple sub-levels, with the highest being HIGH. The cooling mode allows setting the evaporator target temperature based on the setting. The intermediate mode is defined as ventilation mode, suitable for customers with no cooling or heating needs. The heating mode allows setting the indoor condenser target temperature based on the setting. HIGH allows setting the auxiliary PTC heater target temperature. Setting HIGH indicates a strong heating demand, hence PTC heating is prioritized. Other heating modes can use heat pump mode to reduce air conditioning system energy consumption. The operating mode is determined based on the ambient temperature and the selected temperature location. Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 In the diagrams (a), (b), (c), and (d), the methods for determining different temperature ranges are presented. It should be noted that... Figure 5 Patterns ③ and ④ in Figure 4 Patterns ③ and ④ in the text are different.

[0062] This invention relates to temperature control strategies for aircraft air conditioning systems. Specifically, for temperature control without heating / cooling dampers, it first determines the ambient temperature, temperature knob position, and whether defrosting is activated, then selects different modes. In each mode, it automatically adjusts the compressor speed, fan duty cycle, expansion valve opening, and four-way valve position to control the cabin temperature. The control method is as follows: Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The diagrams show the adjustment options for cooling mode, heat pump heating mode, and PTC heating mode, respectively.

[0063] Mode ① (Cooling Mode): The four-way valve switches between DC and ES modes; the compressor performs PID speed control based on the target evaporation temperature (cooling low setting 2℃, cooling 1 setting 5℃, cooling 2 setting 8℃) and the corresponding speed limit of the evaporator fan (2000rpm for setting 1 to 6500rpm for setting 7); the expansion valve EXV performs step PID adjustment based on the PT1 superheat (target superheat is 6); the condenser fan adjusts the duty cycle according to the linear interpolation of the PT3 pressure, for example, 6 bar corresponds to a PWM duty cycle of 16, and 24 bar corresponds to a duty cycle of 85, achieving precise temperature control in Mode ①.

[0064] Mode ② (Heating Mode): The four-way valve switches between DE and CS; the compressor performs PID speed regulation according to the target evaporation temperature (40℃ for heating level 1, 45℃ for heating level 2, and 50℃ for heating level HIGH), based on the speed limit of the evaporator fan corresponding to the gear (1000rpm for level 1 to 4000rpm for level 7); the expansion valve EXV performs step PID regulation based on the PT1 superheat (target superheat is 6); the condenser fan adjusts the duty cycle according to the linear interpolation of the PT1 pressure, for example, 5bar corresponds to a PWM duty cycle of 40, and 2bar corresponds to 16, to achieve precise temperature control in heating mode.

[0065] Mode ③ (PTC heating mode): With the PTC target temperature as input, when the difference between the actual PTC temperature and the target temperature is >5℃, the PTC power duty cycle is increased through PID regulation; when the difference is ≤5℃, the current duty cycle is maintained, thus achieving stable temperature control in PTC heating mode.

[0066] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed, perform the steps of any of the methods described above.

[0067] In one exemplary embodiment, the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media capable of storing computer programs, such as a USB flash drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard disk, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0068] This application also discloses an electronic device. For example... Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device disclosed in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device 900 may include: at least one processor 901, at least one network interface 904, a user interface 903, a memory 905, and at least one communication bus 902.

[0069] The communication bus 902 is used to enable communication between these components. The user interface 903 may include a display screen and a camera; optionally, the user interface 903 may also include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface. The network interface 904 may optionally include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface (such as a Wi-Fi interface).

[0070] The processor 901 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 901 connects to various parts of the electronic device (such as a server) using various interfaces and lines, and performs various server functions and processes data by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in memory 905, and by calling data stored in memory 905. Optionally, the processor 901 may be implemented using at least one hardware form of Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or Programmable Logic Array (PLA). The processor 901 may integrate one or a combination of several of the following: Central Processing Unit (CPU), Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), and modem. The CPU primarily handles the operating system, user interface, and applications; the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing the content required for display; and the modem handles wireless communication. It is understood that the modem may also not be integrated into the processor 901 and may be implemented as a separate chip.

[0071] The memory 905 may include random access memory (RAM) or read-only memory. Optionally, the memory 905 may include a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The memory 905 may be used to store instructions, programs, code, code sets, or instruction sets. The memory 905 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as touch function, sound playback function, image playback function, etc.), instructions for implementing the above-described method embodiments, etc.; the data storage area may store data involved in the above-described method embodiments, etc. Optionally, the memory 905 may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor 901. (Refer to...) Figure 9 The memory 905, which serves as a computer storage medium, may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and an application program for a temperature control method.

[0072] exist Figure 9In the illustrated electronic device 900, the user interface 903 is mainly used to provide an input interface for the user and acquire user input data; while the processor 901 can be used to call an application program of a temperature control method stored in the memory 905. When executed by one or more processors 901, the electronic device 900 performs one or more of the methods described in the above embodiments. It should be noted that, for the foregoing method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, because according to this application, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0073] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Any equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure shall still fall within the scope of this disclosure. Other embodiments of this disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the disclosure herein.

[0074] This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not described in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A temperature control method, characterized in that, The method is applied to an aircraft air conditioning system, including a heat pump air conditioning system without heating or cooling dampers, and includes: Acquire a set of input parameters, which include ambient temperature, temperature setting signal and defrost demand signal, wherein the defrost demand signal is used to indicate whether defrosting needs to be started, and the temperature setting signal includes a function level signal, which includes cooling level, intermediate level and heating level. The corresponding target operating mode is automatically selected based on the set of input parameters. The target operating mode includes at least cooling mode, heat pump heating mode, ventilation mode, and defrosting mode. The aircraft air conditioning system is controlled according to the target operating mode to regulate the cabin temperature. The heat pump air conditioning system includes a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and a four-way valve.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Controlling the aircraft's air conditioning system according to the target operating mode to regulate the cabin temperature includes: Adjust at least one of the following according to the target operating mode: the compressor speed, the opening of the expansion valve, the operating status of the four-way valve, and the duty cycle of the condenser fan, to achieve target temperature control.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compressor outlet is connected to the first port of the four-way valve, the second port of the four-way valve is connected to one end of the outdoor heat exchanger, the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to one end of the indoor heat exchanger through the expansion valve, the other end of the indoor heat exchanger is connected to the third port of the four-way valve, and the fourth port of the four-way valve is connected to the compressor inlet through the gas-liquid separator. The indoor heat exchanger is equipped with an evaporator fan to drive the air inside the chamber to flow through the indoor heat exchanger; the outdoor heat exchanger is equipped with a condenser fan to drive the outside air to flow through the outdoor heat exchanger. The four-way valve is used to switch the refrigerant flow direction to achieve cooling or heating.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Automatically select the corresponding target operating mode based on the set of input parameters, including: When the defrost demand signal indicates that defrosting needs to be started, the first defrost mode is selected, wherein the defrost mode includes the first defrost mode, which is used to indicate the mode of turning on the heat pump air conditioner for defrosting; When the defrost request signal indicates that defrosting is not required, perform one of the following operations: If the ambient temperature is less than the second preset temperature threshold, and the temperature setting signal is the heating setting, then the heat pump heating mode is selected; if the temperature setting signal is the cooling setting or the intermediate setting, then the ventilation mode is selected. When the ambient temperature is greater than the second preset temperature threshold, if the temperature setting signal is the heating setting, the heat pump heating mode is selected; if the temperature setting signal is the cooling setting, the cooling mode is selected; if the temperature setting signal is the intermediate setting, the ventilation mode is selected.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aircraft air conditioning system also includes a PTC auxiliary heater. The target operating mode also includes a PTC heating mode, a second defrosting mode, and a thermal defogging and cooling dehumidification mode. When the ambient temperature is lower than a first preset temperature threshold, the PTC heating mode is selected first. The second defrosting mode is used to indicate the mode of turning on the PTC auxiliary heater for defrosting. The thermal defogging and cooling dehumidification mode is used to indicate the simultaneous operation of the cooling mode and the PTC heating mode. The heating settings include low, medium, high and HIGH settings, wherein the HIGH setting is used to trigger the PTC auxiliary heater to start.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Automatically select the corresponding target operating mode based on the set of input parameters, including: When the defrost demand signal indicates that defrosting needs to be started, if the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the second preset temperature threshold, the second defrost mode is selected; if the ambient temperature is greater than the second preset temperature threshold, the thermal defogging and cooling dehumidification mode is selected. If the defrost demand signal indicates that defrosting is not required, and if the temperature setting signal is the HIGH setting signal, and / or the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the first preset temperature threshold, then the PTC heating mode is selected. When the defrost request signal indicates that defrost is not required and the temperature setting signal is not the HIGH setting signal, perform one of the following operations: If the ambient temperature is greater than the first preset temperature threshold and less than or equal to the second preset temperature threshold, then the heat pump heating mode is selected. When the ambient temperature is greater than the second preset temperature threshold and less than the third preset temperature threshold, if the temperature setting signal is the heating setting signal, the heat pump heating mode is selected; if the temperature setting signal is the cooling setting signal, the cooling mode is selected; if the temperature setting signal is the intermediate setting signal, the ventilation mode is selected. If the ambient temperature is greater than the third preset temperature threshold, then the cooling mode is selected.

7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The PID algorithm is used to adjust the compressor speed, which involves taking the difference between the target temperature and the actual temperature of the air on the core surface of the indoor heat exchanger as input. The larger the deviation, the larger the proportional term output, and the faster the compressor speed increases. This allows the cabin temperature to reach the temperature corresponding to the target operating mode, thereby adjusting the cabin temperature. The PID algorithm is used to adjust the opening of the expansion valve, which includes: taking the actual superheat and target superheat of the refrigerant at the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger as inputs; when the actual superheat is greater than the target superheat, the proportional term drives the expansion valve to increase its opening; when the actual superheat is less than the target superheat, the proportional term drives the expansion valve to decrease its opening. Adjusting the condenser fan duty cycle includes: pre-setting a first duty cycle corresponding to the compressor's upper pressure limit and a second duty cycle corresponding to the compressor's lower pressure limit; calculating a target duty cycle corresponding to the current pressure value using linear interpolation to adjust the condenser fan; wherein, when in the cooling mode, the upper pressure limit and the lower pressure limit represent the compressor's upper discharge pressure limit and lower discharge pressure limit, respectively; when in the heat pump heating mode, the upper pressure limit and the lower pressure limit represent the compressor's upper suction pressure limit and lower suction pressure limit, respectively.

8. A temperature control device, characterized in that, The device for performing the temperature control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 includes: an aircraft air conditioning system, a temperature detection module, a user operation input module, and a control module, wherein the control module is respectively connected to the temperature detection module, the user operation input module, and the aircraft air conditioning system; The temperature detection module is used to collect the ambient temperature and transmit it to the control module; the user operation input module is used to obtain the temperature setting signal and the defrosting demand signal and transmit them to the control module. The control module is used to acquire a set of input parameters and automatically select the corresponding target operating mode according to the set of input parameters. The set of input parameters includes the ambient temperature, the temperature setting signal and the defrosting demand signal. The target operating mode includes at least the cooling mode, the heat pump heating mode, the ventilation mode and the defrosting mode. The control module is also used to control the aircraft air conditioning system according to the target operating mode to adjust the temperature inside the aircraft cabin. The heat pump air conditioning system includes a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and a four-way valve.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed, perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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