Containing and partitioning method, device, equipment and medium for deuterium-tritium fusion device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear facilities, and discloses a deuterium-tritium fusion device containing zoning method, device, equipment and medium, and the method comprises the steps: preliminarily dividing each tritium-related room into a plurality of tritium-related regions with different tritium containing grades based on a preset tritium-related concentration limit value; identifying a transition room between two tritium-related areas with adjacent spatial positions and adjacent tritium containing levels, and generating a plurality of different candidate zoning schemes by adjusting the tritium-related area to which the transition room belongs; for any candidate zoning scheme, determining system balance time of the candidate zoning scheme based on the space volume of each tritium-related region, the annual average tritium release rate and the preset net exhaust air rate; and identifying the shortest system balance time in each system balance time, and determining the candidate partitioning scheme corresponding to the shortest system balance time as a target partitioning scheme. The method has the beneficial effect that the dynamic response performance of the negative pressure ventilation system is optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of nuclear facility technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment and medium for containing and partitioning a deuterium-tritium fusion device. Background Technology

[0002] Fusion energy development is one of the key pathways to addressing future clean energy needs. However, its operating fuels, deuterium and tritium, are radioactive, with tritium, in particular, posing a serious health hazard through internal irradiation. During the operation of a fusion device, the high-energy neutrons produced by deuterium-tritium fusion activate the reactor's structural materials, generating radioactive activation products. To prevent the release of tritium and activation products into the environment, effective containment measures must be implemented in tritium-contaminated areas. Currently, the ventilation systems of relevant fusion experimental devices (such as tokamak) primarily focus on controlling room temperature and humidity and supplying fresh air to personnel; their design does not adequately consider the directional containment and efficient removal of tritium and radioactive materials. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for containing tritium in a deuterium-tritium fusion device, which solves the technical problem that related technologies cannot achieve reliable tritium containment and achieves the technical effect of optimizing the dynamic response performance of the system.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted in this application include: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for zoning the containment of a deuterium-tritium fusion device. The method includes: initially dividing each tritium-involved room into multiple tritium-involved areas with different tritium containment levels based on a preset tritium concentration limit; identifying a transition room between two spatially adjacent tritium-involved areas with adjacent tritium containment levels, and generating multiple different candidate zoning schemes by adjusting the tritium-involved area to which the transition room belongs; for any candidate zoning scheme, determining the system equilibrium time of the candidate zoning scheme based on the spatial volume of each tritium-involved area, the annual average tritium release rate, and a preset net exhaust volume; identifying the shortest system equilibrium time among the various system equilibrium times, and determining the candidate zoning scheme corresponding to the shortest system equilibrium time as the target zoning scheme.

[0005] The deuterium-tritium fusion device containment zoning method provided in this embodiment initially divides risk areas based on a preset tritium concentration safety threshold, and generates multiple candidate zoning schemes by systematically adjusting the zoning assignment of transition rooms. Based on the spatial volume of each tritium-involved area, the annual average tritium release rate, and the preset net exhaust volume, the system safety performance is precisely quantified into a calculable system equilibrium time index. By automatically comparing the system equilibrium times of each zoning scheme, the target zoning scheme with the fastest response is selected. This method ensures that the target zoning scheme not only meets safety specifications statically, but also has optimal dynamic response performance under dynamic leakage scenarios, realizing the quantitative optimization design of the tritium containment ventilation system of the fusion device.

[0006] Optionally, the preset tritium concentration limits include a first concentration limit, a second concentration limit, and a third concentration limit. Based on the preset tritium concentration limits, each tritium-involved room is initially divided into multiple tritium-involved zones with different tritium containment levels, including: for any tritium-involved room, if the tritium risk index of the tritium-involved room is less than the first concentration limit, then the tritium-involved room is divided into a first tritium-involved zone; if the tritium risk index of the tritium-involved room is greater than or equal to the first concentration limit and less than the third concentration limit, then the tritium-involved room is divided into a third tritium-involved zone. If the tritium concentration limit is set at two levels, the tritium-contaminated room is classified as a second tritium-contaminated area. If the tritium risk index of the tritium-contaminated room is greater than or equal to the second concentration limit and less than the third concentration limit, the tritium-contaminated room is classified as a third tritium-contaminated area. The tritium risk index is used to characterize the percentage of days in the year in which the tritium concentration in the tritium-contaminated room exceeds the derived air concentration limit. The tritium containment levels of the first tritium-contaminated area, the second tritium-contaminated area, and the third tritium-contaminated area increase sequentially.

[0007] By associating with legally mandated tritium concentration limits, risk assessment and initial zoning of each tritium-contaminated room were quantified. By establishing a sequential order of increasing tritium containment levels, high-risk areas were matched with high-level protection, and low-risk areas with low-level protection, achieving optimal allocation of safety resources.

[0008] Optionally, the first concentration limit is 10% of the outgoing air concentration limit, the second concentration limit is 30% of the outgoing air concentration limit, and the third concentration limit is 100% of the outgoing air concentration limit.

[0009] By establishing percentage correlations with industry-mandated safety standards (DACs), the tiered design ensures compliance with regulatory requirements. Setting a stringent target of the first tritium-contaminated area being less than the first concentration limit (10% DAC), far below the statutory limit, provides an extremely high preventative safety margin for areas where personnel are frequently present. Setting the second tritium-contaminated area to be less than the second concentration limit (30% DAC) serves as a transitional buffer, fulfilling a secondary containment function. Setting the third tritium-contaminated area to be less than the third concentration limit (100% DAC) is the core risk control target, providing clear quantitative benchmarks for subsequent ventilation system design optimization.

[0010] Optionally, for any tritium-contaminated area, the annual average tritium release rate of the tritium-contaminated area is determined as follows: based on the tritium containment level of the tritium-contaminated area, a matching baseline joint length and a minimum concentration limit are determined; a first ratio of the total length of pipe joints in the tritium-contaminated area to the baseline joint length is calculated; a first product of the spatial volume of the tritium-contaminated area and the minimum concentration limit is calculated, and a second ratio of the first product to the annual standard duration is determined; a second product of the first ratio and the second ratio is calculated, and the second product is used as the annual average tritium release rate.

[0011] By determining the tritium containment level of the tritium-involved area, matching design parameters, including the baseline joint length and minimum concentration limit, are established. Based on the spatial volume of the tritium-involved area and the design parameters, the annual average release rate is calculated, thus achieving precise quantification of the potential leakage risk of the tritium-involved area.

[0012] Optionally, for any candidate zoning scheme, based on the spatial volume of each tritium-involved area, the annual average tritium release rate, and the preset net exhaust volume, the system equilibrium time of the candidate zoning scheme is determined, including: constructing a dynamic ventilation model to characterize the change of tritium concentration over time in each tritium-involved area based on the spatial volume, net exhaust volume, and tritium release rate of each tritium-involved area; solving the dynamic ventilation model to obtain the regional equilibrium time of each tritium-involved area; and taking the maximum value among the regional equilibrium times as the system equilibrium time, wherein the regional equilibrium time is used to characterize the time it takes for the tritium-involved area to reach the preset proportion of the corresponding theoretical equilibrium concentration.

[0013] By integrating spatial volume, pollution source strength, and preset net exhaust volume, a dynamic ventilation model capable of simulating real physical processes is constructed. This model is a set of differential equations based on mass conservation, which can accurately calculate the evolution curve of tritium concentration over time in each tritium-affected area. By solving this model, the regional equilibrium time of each tritium-affected area is obtained, and the maximum value among these regional equilibrium times is taken as the system equilibrium time, which is then used as a dynamic safety performance indicator. This method achieves quantitative prediction and accurate calculation of the dynamic safety performance of the ventilation system, providing a reliable numerical decision-making basis for comparing and selecting the optimal solution with the fastest dynamic response speed from multiple candidate zoning schemes.

[0014] Optionally, the method further includes: for any two spatially adjacent high-tritium containment regions and low-tritium containment regions with adjacent tritium containment levels, the high-tritium containment region is nested within the low-tritium containment region to form a unidirectional air permeation path from the low-tritium containment region to the high-tritium containment region.

[0015] By nesting high-tritium containment zones within low-tritium containment zones, the spatial structure forcibly defines the direction of air permeation between adjacent zones, ensuring that airflow can only flow unidirectionally from the low-tritium containment zone to the high-tritium containment zone. This defined and unique airflow direction confines and guides potentially contaminated air to the innermost high-tritium containment zone, thereby physically achieving active guidance and effective containment of radioactive materials.

[0016] Optionally, the unidirectional air infiltration path is implemented in such a way that the net exhaust volume of each tritium-involved area is configured to increase monotonically with the increase of the tritium containment level.

[0017] The net exhaust volume of each tritium-containing area is configured to increase monotonically with its tritium containment level, so that a stable negative pressure gradient can be maintained from the outer low-risk area to the inner high-risk area within the nested space formed by areas with different tritium containment levels, thereby driving directional airflow and achieving active containment.

[0018] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a tritium containment zoning device for a fusion device. The device includes: a division module, used to initially divide each tritium-involved room into multiple tritium-involved areas with different tritium containment levels based on a preset tritium concentration limit; a first processing module, used to identify a transition room between two spatially adjacent tritium-involved areas with adjacent tritium containment levels, and generate multiple different candidate zoning schemes by adjusting the tritium-involved area to which the transition room belongs; a second processing module, used to determine the system equilibrium time of any candidate zoning scheme based on the spatial volume of each tritium-involved area, the annual average tritium release rate, and a preset net exhaust volume; and a determination module, used to identify the shortest system equilibrium time among the various system equilibrium times, and determine the candidate zoning scheme corresponding to the shortest system equilibrium time as the target zoning scheme.

[0019] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a computer device, including: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the above-described deuterium-tritium fusion device containment partitioning method by executing the computer instructions.

[0020] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, which are used to cause a computer to execute the above-described deuterium-tritium fusion device containment partitioning method.

[0021] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including computer instructions, which are used to cause a computer to execute the above-described deuterium-tritium fusion device containment partitioning method. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for containing and partitioning a deuterium-tritium fusion device, provided as an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a nested planar arrangement provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a dynamic ventilation model provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a negative pressure ventilation system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a tritium containment partitioning device for a fusion device provided in this application embodiment; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] Future commercial fusion reactors will use deuterium and tritium as primary fuels for deuterium-tritium fusion reactions. Tritium is a radioactive isotope; while its emitted beta rays pose relatively low external radiation hazard, they can cause significant internal radiation risks if inhaled or absorbed through the skin. Furthermore, the high-energy neutrons produced by the fusion reaction can react with reactor structural materials and coolants, generating various mobile radioactive activation products. Therefore, effectively preventing the diffusion of tritium and its activation products into the environment is a core issue that must be addressed for the safe operation of fusion reactors. The key lies in constructing a series of reliable, multi-layered containment barriers between radioactive materials and the environment.

[0026] Currently, in fusion experimental devices conducting deuterium-deuterium plasma physics experiments, the main function of the supporting ventilation system is to regulate the temperature and humidity in spaces such as the tokamak main unit hall (i.e., provide thermal and humidity environment control) and to provide necessary fresh air for personnel activities during maintenance. Such systems are designed with the comfort of the equipment operating environment and the basic needs of personnel in mind; their essential function is environmental regulation.

[0027] However, conventional ventilation systems have fundamental limitations for future fusion reactors that use deuterium and tritium as fuel and produce radioactive activation products. Even under acceptable trace tritium leakage during normal fusion reactor operation, these systems lack the ability to actively isolate, remove, and protect against radioactive materials, especially gaseous tritium and radioactive aerosols. Specifically, they cannot establish and maintain the necessary negative pressure gradient to prevent air from contaminated areas from flowing back to clean areas, lack efficient filtration and tritium removal capabilities for contaminated air, and cannot implement effective pollution control and emergency response in the event of fires, leaks, or other accidents. Therefore, these technologies primarily serve ventilation systems for regulating the thermal and humidity environment and are completely inadequate to meet the stringent containment and diffusion suppression requirements of future fusion reactors for tritium and radioactive products, constituting a critical weakness in fusion reactor safety design.

[0028] This application provides a method for containing and partitioning a deuterium-tritium fusion device. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for containing and partitioning a deuterium-tritium fusion device, as provided in this application embodiment, is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S1: Based on the preset tritium concentration limit, each tritium-involved room is initially divided into multiple tritium-involved areas with different tritium containment levels.

[0030] Tritium concentration limits refer to a set of preset threshold values ​​based on derived air concentration limits (DACs). Tritium containment levels are used to characterize different levels of tritium risk and corresponding protection standards. For example, a higher tritium containment level indicates a higher tritium risk level in the tritium-involved area, requiring stronger protective measures. Different tritium containment levels correspond to different tritium concentration limits.

[0031] By setting pre-defined tritium concentration limits, a tritium risk assessment is conducted for each tritium-contaminated room. The assessment results are then compared with the tritium concentration limits, allowing each tritium-contaminated room to be initially classified into a corresponding tritium-contaminated area. This provides a foundation for subsequent refined classification and ventilation design optimization.

[0032] Step S3: Identify a transition room between two tritium-involved areas that are spatially adjacent and have adjacent tritium containment levels. By adjusting the tritium-involved area to which the transition room belongs, generate multiple different candidate partitioning schemes.

[0033] Adjacent tritium containment levels refer to two tritium-containing areas being adjacent within a predefined tritium containment level sequence. For example, if tritium containment levels are divided into Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 from low to high, then Level 1 and Level 2 tritium containment levels are adjacent, and Level 2 and Level 3 tritium containment levels are adjacent. A transition room refers to a tritium-containing room located between two physically adjacent tritium-containing areas and with adjacent tritium containment levels. The assignment of transition rooms is flexible and can be placed in either of the two adjacent tritium-containing areas. By systematically changing the tritium-containing area to which each transition room belongs, multiple candidate zoning schemes with different spatial layouts can be generated. Changes in room assignment directly affect the volume and risk source distribution of each tritium-containing area. Different candidate zoning schemes correspond to different initial parameters for the ventilation system, laying the structural foundation for subsequent optimization of ventilation design.

[0034] Step S5: For any candidate partitioning scheme, determine the system balancing time of the candidate partitioning scheme based on the spatial volume of each tritium-involved area, the annual average tritium release rate, and the preset net exhaust volume.

[0035] Under a given candidate zoning scheme, the spatial volume of each tritium-containing area refers to the sum of the geometric volumes of all rooms belonging to the same tritium containment level. The annual average tritium release rate characterizes the source intensity of a tritium-containing area; specifically, it refers to the average activity of tritium leaked into the air per unit time (e.g., per second) within that area over a year. Net exhaust volume refers to the net amount of air exhausted per unit time minus the amount of air supplied. The net exhaust volume specified for each tritium containment level can be determined according to relevant regulations and safety guidelines. Different tritium containment levels correspond to different net exhaust volumes. The safety performance of a ventilation design system actually depends on its ability to control each risk area. The shorter the system equilibrium time, the faster the system can suppress risks and restore a safe state.

[0036] By calculating the system equilibrium time, the dynamic response performance of the entire system after a leak can be directly and accurately quantified, providing a quantitative criterion for comparing the performance of different candidate partitioning schemes.

[0037] Step S7: Identify the shortest system balance time among the various system balance times, and determine the candidate partitioning scheme corresponding to the shortest system balance time as the target partitioning scheme.

[0038] By comparing the system balancing times of each candidate partitioning scheme, the candidate partitioning scheme with the shortest system balancing time is selected as the target partitioning scheme, thus realizing a complete closed loop from performance quantification to scheme optimization.

[0039] The deuterium-tritium fusion device containment zoning method provided in this embodiment initially divides risk areas based on a preset tritium concentration safety threshold, and generates multiple candidate zoning schemes by systematically adjusting the zoning assignment of transition rooms. Based on the spatial volume of each tritium-involved area, the annual average tritium release rate, and the preset net exhaust volume, the system safety performance is precisely quantified into a calculable system equilibrium time index. By automatically comparing the system equilibrium times of each zoning scheme, the target zoning scheme with the fastest response is selected. This method ensures that the target zoning scheme not only meets safety specifications statically, but also has optimal dynamic response performance under dynamic leakage scenarios, realizing the quantitative optimization design of the tritium containment ventilation system of the fusion device.

[0040] In some specific embodiments, the preset tritium concentration limits include a first concentration limit, a second concentration limit, and a third concentration limit. Based on the preset tritium concentration limits, each tritium-involved room is initially divided into multiple tritium-involved zones with different tritium containment levels. This includes: for any tritium-involved room, if the tritium risk index of the tritium-involved room is less than the first concentration limit, then the tritium-involved room is classified as a first tritium-involved zone; if the tritium risk index of the tritium-involved room is greater than or equal to the first concentration limit and less than... If the second concentration limit is met, the tritium-contaminated room is classified as a second tritium-contaminated area; if the tritium risk index of the tritium-contaminated room is greater than or equal to the second concentration limit and less than the third concentration limit, the tritium-contaminated room is classified as a third tritium-contaminated area; wherein, the tritium risk index is used to characterize the percentage of days in the year in which the tritium concentration in the tritium-contaminated room exceeds the derived air concentration limit; the tritium containment levels of the first tritium-contaminated area, the second tritium-contaminated area, and the third tritium-contaminated area increase sequentially.

[0041] The Concentration Limit Exceedance Ratio (CL) is a key indicator used to quantitatively assess the tritium risk in a room. For example, if a tritium-contaminated room has a tritium concentration exceeding the Limit of Depletion (DAC) for 36.5 days a year, then CL = (36.5 / 365) × 100% = 10%. By comparing the room's CL value with the tritium concentration limit, tritium-contaminated areas are delineated. The DAC is determined in conjunction with the annual intake limits for workers in the area, including working hours, work intensity, and radionuclide inhalation.

[0042] By associating with legally mandated tritium concentration limits, risk assessment and initial zoning of each tritium-contaminated room were quantified. By establishing a sequential order of increasing tritium containment levels, high-risk areas were matched with high-level protection, and low-risk areas with low-level protection, achieving optimal allocation of safety resources.

[0043] In some specific embodiments, the first concentration limit is 10% of the outgoing air concentration limit, the second concentration limit is 30% of the outgoing air concentration limit, and the third concentration limit is 100% of the outgoing air concentration limit.

[0044] By establishing percentage correlations with industry-mandated safety standards (DACs), the tiered design ensures compliance with regulatory requirements. Setting a stringent target of the first tritium-contaminated area being less than the first concentration limit (10% DAC), far below the statutory limit, provides an extremely high preventative safety margin for areas where personnel are frequently present. Setting the second tritium-contaminated area to be less than the second concentration limit (30% DAC) serves as a transitional buffer, fulfilling a secondary containment function. Setting the third tritium-contaminated area to be less than the third concentration limit (100% DAC) is the core risk control target, providing clear quantitative benchmarks for subsequent ventilation system design optimization.

[0045] In some specific embodiments, for any tritium-contaminated area, the annual average tritium release rate of the tritium-contaminated area is determined as follows: based on the tritium containment level of the tritium-contaminated area, a matching baseline joint length and a lower concentration limit are determined; a first ratio of the total length of pipe joints in the tritium-contaminated area to the baseline joint length is calculated; a first product of the spatial volume of the tritium-contaminated area and the lower concentration limit is calculated, and a second ratio of the first product to the annual standard duration is determined; a second product of the first ratio and the second ratio is calculated, and the second product is used as the annual average tritium release rate.

[0046] The minimum concentration limit is used to characterize the control target for tritium concentration in a tritium-contaminated area. The reference joint length is used to characterize the maximum total length of pipe connections allowed in a single room within the tritium-contaminated area. The specific values ​​of the reference joint length and the minimum concentration limit are predetermined based on engineering statistics, safety guidelines, and equipment layout specifications, and can be obtained from a pre-defined parameter lookup table according to the tritium containment level of the tritium-contaminated area. The total length of pipe joints in a tritium-contaminated area is the sum of the actual lengths of all potentially leaking interfaces such as tritium-contaminated pipes and equipment flanges within that area.

[0047] By determining the tritium containment level of the tritium-involved area, matching design parameters, including the baseline joint length and minimum concentration limit, are established. Based on the spatial volume of the tritium-involved area and the design parameters, the annual average release rate is calculated, thus achieving precise quantification of the potential leakage risk of the tritium-involved area.

[0048] In some specific implementations, the annual average tritium release rate The calculation formula is as follows: In the above formula, L is the total length of the pipe joint; L max V is the baseline seam length; T is the total volume of all rooms within the tritium-affected area; C is the standard annual duration; max This is the lower limit of concentration.

[0049] The corresponding minimum concentration value is determined based on the tritium containment level of the tritium-involved area. For example, the minimum concentration value for the first tritium-involved area is 10% DAC, the minimum concentration value for the second tritium-involved area is 30% DAC, and the minimum concentration value for the third tritium-involved area is 100% DAC.

[0050] In some specific embodiments, for any candidate zoning scheme, the system equilibrium time of the candidate zoning scheme is determined based on the spatial volume of each tritium-involved area, the annual average tritium release rate, and the preset net exhaust volume. This includes: constructing a dynamic ventilation model to characterize the change of tritium concentration over time in each tritium-involved area based on the spatial volume, net exhaust volume, and tritium release rate of each tritium-involved area; solving the dynamic ventilation model to obtain the regional equilibrium time of each tritium-involved area; and taking the maximum value among the regional equilibrium times as the system equilibrium time. The regional equilibrium time is used to characterize the time it takes for the tritium-involved area to reach the preset proportion of the corresponding theoretical equilibrium concentration.

[0051] Among these factors, the spatial volume of the tritium-affected area determines the inertia of pollutant containment and dilution, the annual average tritium release rate (pollution source strength) constitutes the continuous driving force that the system must counteract, and the preset net exhaust volume represents the system's removal capacity. These three core parameters together determine the dynamic process and duration required for the system to control the tritium concentration to the target level.

[0052] By integrating spatial volume, pollution source strength, and preset net exhaust volume, a dynamic ventilation model capable of simulating real physical processes is constructed. This model is a set of differential equations based on mass conservation, which can accurately calculate the evolution curve of tritium concentration over time in each tritium-affected area. By solving this model, the regional equilibrium time of each tritium-affected area is obtained, and the maximum value among these regional equilibrium times is taken as the system equilibrium time, which is then used as a dynamic safety performance indicator. This method achieves quantitative prediction and accurate calculation of the dynamic safety performance of the ventilation system, providing a reliable numerical decision-making basis for comparing and selecting the optimal solution with the fastest dynamic response speed from multiple candidate zoning schemes.

[0053] In some specific embodiments, the method further includes: for any two spatially adjacent high-tritium containment regions and low-tritium containment regions with adjacent tritium containment levels, the high-tritium containment region is nested within the low-tritium containment region to form a unidirectional air permeation path from the low-tritium containment region to the high-tritium containment region.

[0054] By nesting high-tritium containment zones within low-tritium containment zones, the spatial structure forcibly defines the direction of air permeation between adjacent zones, ensuring that airflow can only flow unidirectionally from the low-tritium containment zone to the high-tritium containment zone. This defined and unique airflow direction confines and guides potentially contaminated air to the innermost high-tritium containment zone, thereby physically achieving active guidance and effective containment of radioactive materials.

[0055] For some specific implementation methods, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a nested planar arrangement provided for an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, the first, second, and third tritium-contaminated areas increase sequentially according to their tritium containment levels.

[0056] In some specific embodiments, the unidirectional air permeation path is implemented in such a way that the net exhaust volume of each tritium-involved area is configured to increase monotonically with the increase of the tritium containment level.

[0057] The net exhaust volume of each tritium-containing area is configured to increase monotonically with its tritium containment level, so that a stable negative pressure gradient can be maintained from the outer low-risk area to the inner high-risk area within the nested space formed by areas with different tritium containment levels, thereby driving directional airflow and achieving active containment.

[0058] In some specific implementations, a dynamic ventilation model is constructed based on the lumped parameter method, according to the regional division. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a dynamic ventilation model provided for an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the model is based on the following assumptions: 1) The air within each tritium-contaminated zone is instantaneously and completely homogeneously mixed. The entire tritium-contaminated zone can be represented by a single concentration value. 2) Supply and exhaust air do not add pollutants to the room. This means that the fresh air supplied from the outside is absolutely clean, with a tritium concentration of 0. Simultaneously, the air exhausted from the room only carries away pollutants and does not blow them back or cross-contaminate them through ducts. 3) The three tritium-contaminated zones are nested within each other; that is, the third tritium-contaminated zone is nested within the second tritium-contaminated zone, and the second tritium-contaminated zone is nested within the first tritium-contaminated zone. The infiltration replenishment gas all comes from adjacent low-tritium containment zones, and the airflow has only one path, with no cross-zone occurrences. Based on the above assumptions, the differential equations for the three tritium-contaminated zones can be obtained: In the above formula, V1, V2, and V3 represent the spatial volumes of the first tritium-involved area, the second tritium-involved area, and the third tritium-involved area, respectively; c0 represents the concentration of pollutants in the external environment, c1 represents the concentration of pollutants in the first tritium-involved area, c2 represents the concentration of pollutants in the second tritium-involved area, and c3 represents the concentration of pollutants in the third tritium-involved area. , , q0 represents the annual average tritium release rate of the first, second, and third tritium-involved areas, respectively; q1, q2, and q3 represent the net exhaust volume of the first, second, and third tritium-involved areas, respectively; t represents time.

[0059] In addition, the net exhaust volume of each tritium-related area needs to meet the requirements of the negative pressure gradient level and the law of conservation of mass, i.e. .

[0060] As t approaches infinity, the equilibrium concentrations of tritium in each tritium-affected region are as follows: For any tritium-affected region, since its theoretical equilibrium value cannot be reached due to its power-law growth, this embodiment selects 0.9 times the theoretical equilibrium concentration as the equilibrium point, calculates the regional equilibrium time for each region, and sets the maximum equilibrium time for each region as the highest value. This serves as the system's equilibrium time.

[0061] By adjusting the tritium-contaminated area to which the transition room between two adjacent tritium-contaminated areas belongs, N different candidate partitioning schemes can be formed. By calculating the system equilibrium time of each candidate partitioning scheme, the candidate partitioning scheme with the shortest system equilibrium time is taken as the final target partitioning scheme, i.e., B[C1, C2, C3] = min( ).

[0062] For some specific implementation methods, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a negative pressure ventilation system provided in an embodiment of this application. The system strictly adheres to the unidirectional flow principle of "clean air is supplied from the outside to the inside, and polluted air is filtered and discharged from the inside to the outside," and implements zoned and graded treatment for areas with different risk levels. For example... Figure 4 As shown, C1 represents the first tritium-contaminated area, C2 represents the second tritium-contaminated area, and C3 represents the third tritium-contaminated area. This negative pressure ventilation system mainly consists of two parts: an air supply system and an exhaust system. The airflow path is designed as a unidirectional nested process: outdoor clean air → air supply system → C2 / C3 area → exhaust system → high-efficiency filtration → high-altitude emission after monitoring and compliance.

[0063] The air supply system is responsible for providing treated clean air to areas C2 and C3 within the unit. Its main components are: 1) Air handling units (ALUs), which serve as the core processing unit and can integrate various functional sections as needed, including but not limited to: air heating (for raising the temperature), air cooling (for lowering the temperature), air humidification, air filtration (for initial purification), return air box (for adjusting the fresh air ratio), silencer, and a power-providing fan section. To ensure system reliability, the air supply unit is equipped with three identical ALUs, operating in a "two-in-one-out" or alternating mode to share the maximum load. When an operating unit fails, it can automatically or manually switch to the standby unit. 2) Piping and valves. A check valve is installed at the unit outlet to prevent backflow of pollutants under abnormal pressure, thus preventing contamination of the cleanroom equipment. This is followed by ductwork (air ducts), on which tritium isolation valves and fire dampers are installed sequentially. Regulating valves and sealing valves are installed before the air outlets leading to each room to achieve precise airflow control and area isolation. The air supply system is located in safe areas such as the roof of the tritium treatment center to ensure that the source of the supplied air is clean.

[0064] The exhaust system is responsible for safely removing potentially contaminated air from tritium-contaminated areas. Its core design principles are "zonal filtration, independent treatment, and negative pressure protection." To avoid cross-contamination, the system does not include return air recirculation. Based on risk levels, three independent exhaust subsystems are established: 1) The C3 exhaust subsystem, serving the highest-risk C3 area. Exhaust air undergoes two stages of high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration. The first-stage HEPA filter is located within each plant for on-site primary filtration; the second-stage HEPA filter is centralized in the exhaust fan room for centralized fine filtration. 2) The C2 exhaust subsystem, serving the C2 area. Exhaust air undergoes single-stage HEPA treatment before converging into the centralized filtration unit (which can be referred to as the second-stage HEPA filter) in the exhaust fan room for final treatment. 3) The C2 high-zone tritium removal exhaust subsystem, independently serving the tritium removal treatment room with a hydrogen explosion risk. Its exhaust air undergoes single-stage HEPA treatment before also converging into the centralized filtration unit in the exhaust fan room. All air treated by centralized HEPA filters must be confirmed to meet standards by online monitoring instruments before being discharged into the atmosphere via a chimney by an exhaust fan. Monitoring instruments are also installed at the chimney outlet. The exhaust fan is deliberately positioned downstream of the filter and close to the chimney. This layout ensures that most of the ductwork from the room exhaust vent to the filter is under negative pressure, greatly reducing the risk of pollutants leaking out of the ductwork.

[0065] To enhance the system's reliability under accident conditions, the negative pressure ventilation system incorporates multiple layers of physical barriers, including: 1) Wall / building penetration protection. When ducts pass through building walls or intersect between different buildings, a series of valves—"explosion-proof valve-tritium isolation valve-fire damper"—are installed to form a reliable radioactive containment boundary. 2) Room-level isolation. Gas-tight valves and airflow regulating valves are installed on the duct branches entering and leaving each room to achieve independent airtight isolation and airflow control for each room.

[0066] The aforementioned negative pressure ventilation system is the infrastructure for implementing the tritium containment zoning method. Its zonal filtration design directly corresponds to the different tritium-contaminated zones defined in the method; the establishment of its gradient negative pressure (through the different exhaust volume designs of each subsystem) is the physical guarantee for achieving "unidirectional air permeation from low-level zones to high-level zones"; and the HEPA filters, isolation valves, and monitoring devices at each level in the system provide practical engineering means to achieve the optimization goal of "system equilibrium time," ensuring that leaked tritium can be efficiently captured, isolated, and removed, thereby enabling the performance prediction and optimization based on dynamic models to be verified and realized in actual engineering.

[0067] The negative pressure ventilation system provided in this application embodiment is designed with a proprietary active and passive safety operation mode to address the two main types of accidents that may occur in fusion devices (fire and tritium leakage), in order to minimize the impact of accidents and ensure the safety of personnel and the environment. Specifically, it includes: 1) Fire Response Mode. To address fire risks, the system constructs a passive mechanical barrier system centered on fire dampers and explosion-proof valves. Fire dampers are installed on ventilation ducts between all fire compartments. These valves possess the same fire resistance as the partition components they traverse. When the airflow temperature inside the duct exceeds 70°C (this value is an example and can be adjusted according to regulations), the fuse or temperature sensor inside the valve triggers a mechanism that automatically closes the valve, effectively preventing flames and high-temperature smoke from spreading through the duct to adjacent fire compartments, thus confining the fire to a localized area. Explosion-proof valves are installed on main supply and exhaust ducts traversing different buildings, as well as on supply and exhaust branch ducts in specific rooms where a flammable gas (such as hydrogen) is deemed to pose a risk of deflagration in a safety assessment. These valves are passive mechanical devices; their valve discs remain open under normal ventilation airflow. Once a deflagration occurs within the duct, generating a shock wave, the overpressure will instantly drive the valve disc to close, thus isolating the explosion overpressure and flame impact within the room or building where it occurred, preventing the accident from spreading to other connected areas through the duct network.

[0068] 2) Tritium Leakage Response Mode. To address the accidental leakage of radioactive tritium, the system establishes an active closed-loop control chain of "monitoring-alarm-isolation-handling". Online tritium concentration monitoring devices are installed at the exhaust vents of each room in the tritium-contaminated area to continuously monitor the tritium concentration in the exhaust air in real time. The monitoring instruments are linked to the central control system. Once the tritium concentration in a room exceeds a preset safety threshold, the system immediately generates an abnormal alarm signal. Pneumatic or electric tritium isolation valves are pre-installed at the inlet of the supply air duct and the outlet of the exhaust air duct in each room involved in the radiation. These valves remain open during normal operation. When an alarm signal indicating that the tritium concentration in the corresponding room exceeds the standard is received (e.g., the concentration reaches 1×10⁻⁶), the system will immediately activate the alarm. 8 Bq / m 3 When this preset action level is reached, the control system automatically and simultaneously closes the supply air isolation valve and exhaust air isolation valve of the room, thereby completing the airtight isolation of the leaking room within seconds and preventing contaminated air from flowing back into the supply air system or spreading to other rooms and the public exhaust air system through the exhaust duct. Simultaneously with issuing the isolation command, the system automatically activates the tritium removal system (such as a catalytic oxidation recombination unit, a drying adsorption bed, etc.) to treat any potentially continuing tritium leaks in the isolated room, or to perform emergency bypass purification of the contaminated exhaust airflow, ensuring safe final emissions.

[0069] The aforementioned accident operation mode is deeply integrated with the aforementioned ventilation system design. Fire protection valves are a prerequisite for ensuring the safety of system infrastructure; the tritium leak emergency mode is the final safety execution layer for achieving the "dynamic response performance optimization" goal of this invention. It ensures that even in the worst-case leak scenario, the system can quickly control the contamination within the optimized and fastest-responding zoning layout of this invention, as designed, and through automatic isolation and treatment, it verifies the effectiveness and reliability of the zoning scheme based on "system equilibrium time" optimization in actual accidents.

[0070] Accordingly, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This application provides a schematic diagram of a tritium-enclosed partitioning device for a fusion apparatus, as shown in the embodiments below. Figure 5As shown, the device includes: a division module, used to initially divide each tritium-involved room into multiple tritium-involved areas with different tritium containment levels based on a preset tritium concentration limit; a first processing module, used to identify a transition room between two spatially adjacent tritium-involved areas with adjacent tritium containment levels, and generate multiple different candidate partitioning schemes by adjusting the tritium-involved area to which the transition room belongs; a second processing module, used to determine the system equilibrium time of any candidate partitioning scheme based on the spatial volume of each tritium-involved area, the annual average tritium release rate, and a preset net exhaust volume; and a determination module, used to identify the shortest system equilibrium time among the various system equilibrium times, and determine the candidate partitioning scheme corresponding to the shortest system equilibrium time as the target partitioning scheme.

[0071] Further functional descriptions of the above modules and units are the same as those in the corresponding embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0072] In this embodiment, the tritium containment partitioning device of the fusion device is presented in the form of a functional unit. Here, a unit refers to an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) circuit, a processor and memory that execute one or more software or fixed programs, and / or other devices that can provide the above functions.

[0073] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the computer device includes one or more processors 10, memory 20, and interfaces for connecting the components, including high-speed interfaces and low-speed interfaces. The components communicate with each other via different buses and can be mounted on a common motherboard or otherwise installed as needed. The processors can process instructions executed within the computer device, including instructions stored in or on memory to display graphical information of a GUI on external input / output devices (such as display devices coupled to the interfaces). In some alternative implementations, multiple processors and / or multiple buses can be used with multiple memories and multiple memory modules, if desired. Similarly, multiple computer devices can be connected, each providing some of the necessary operations (e.g., as a server array, a group of blade servers, or a multiprocessor system). Figure 6 Take a processor 10 as an example.

[0074] Processor 10 may be a central processing unit, a network processor, or a combination thereof. Processor 10 may further include a hardware chip. The hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The programmable logic device may be a complex programmable logic device (CAMP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a general-purpose array logic (GDA), or any combination thereof.

[0075] The memory 20 stores instructions executable by at least one processor 10 to cause the at least one processor 10 to perform the method shown in the above embodiments.

[0076] The memory 20 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system and applications required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created based on the use of the computer device. Furthermore, the memory 20 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some alternative embodiments, the memory 20 may optionally include memory remotely located relative to the processor 10, and these remote memories may be connected to the computer device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0077] The memory 20 may include volatile memory, such as random access memory; the memory may also include non-volatile memory, such as flash memory, hard disk or solid-state drive; the memory 20 may also include a combination of the above types of memory.

[0078] The computer device also includes a communication interface 30 for communicating with other devices or communication networks.

[0079] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The methods described in this application can be implemented in hardware or firmware, or implemented as recordable on a storage medium, or implemented as computer code downloaded over a network and originally stored on a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and subsequently stored on a local storage medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include combinations of the above types of memory. It is understood that computers, processors, microprocessor controllers, or programmable hardware include storage components capable of storing or receiving software or computer code. When the software or computer code is accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, the methods shown in the above embodiments are implemented.

[0080] This application provides a computer program product including computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the computer device to perform the method of any embodiment of this application.

[0081] The systems, devices, modules, or units described in the above embodiments can be implemented by computer chips or entities, or by products with certain functions. A typical implementation device is a computer. Specifically, a computer can be, for example, a personal computer, laptop computer, cellular phone, camera phone, smartphone, personal digital assistant, media player, navigation device, email device, game console, tablet computer, wearable device, or any combination of these devices.

[0082] For ease of description, the above devices are described separately by function as various units. Of course, in implementing this application, the functions of each unit can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware.

[0083] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0084] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus, and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0085] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0086] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0087] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0088] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the method embodiments.

[0089] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

[0090] Although embodiments of this application have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for partitioning a deuterium-tritium fusion device, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on the preset tritium concentration limits, each tritium-contaminated room is initially divided into multiple tritium-contaminated areas with different tritium containment levels; Identify a transition room between two adjacent tritium-contaminated areas with adjacent tritium containment levels, and generate multiple different candidate partitioning schemes by adjusting the tritium-contaminated area to which the transition room belongs. For any candidate partitioning scheme, the system balancing time of the candidate partitioning scheme is determined based on the spatial volume of each tritium-involved area, the annual average tritium release rate, and the preset net exhaust volume. Identify the shortest system equilibrium time among the various system equilibrium times, and determine the candidate partitioning scheme corresponding to the shortest system equilibrium time as the target partitioning scheme.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset tritium concentration limits include a first concentration limit, a second concentration limit, and a third concentration limit. Based on these preset tritium concentration limits, each tritium-contaminated room is initially divided into multiple tritium-contaminated zones with different tritium containment levels, including: For any tritium-contaminated room, if the tritium risk index of the tritium-contaminated room is less than the first concentration limit, then the tritium-contaminated room is classified as the first tritium-contaminated area. If the tritium risk index of the tritium-contaminated room is greater than or equal to the first concentration limit and less than the second concentration limit, then the tritium-contaminated room is classified as a second tritium-contaminated area. If the tritium risk index of the tritium-contaminated room is greater than or equal to the second concentration limit and less than the third concentration limit, then the tritium-contaminated room is classified as a third tritium-contaminated area. The tritium risk index is used to characterize the percentage of days in a tritium-contaminated room where the tritium concentration exceeds the exhaust air concentration limit. The tritium containment levels of the first tritium-contaminated area, the second tritium-contaminated area, and the third tritium-contaminated area increase sequentially.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first concentration limit is 10% of the exhaust air concentration limit, the second concentration limit is 30% of the exhaust air concentration limit, and the third concentration limit is 100% of the exhaust air concentration limit.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, For any tritium-contaminated area, the annual average tritium release rate of the tritium-contaminated area is determined as follows: Based on the tritium containment level of the tritium-contaminated area, determine the matching baseline joint length and minimum concentration limit; Calculate the first ratio of the total length of the pipe joints in the tritium-affected area to the length of the reference joint; Calculate the first product of the spatial volume of the tritium-affected area and the lower limit of the concentration, and determine the second ratio of the first product to the standard duration of the year; Calculate the second product of the first ratio and the second ratio, and use the second product as the annual average tritium release rate.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, For any candidate zoning scheme, based on the spatial volume of each tritium-involved area, the annual average tritium release rate, and the preset net exhaust volume, the system equilibration time of the candidate zoning scheme is determined, including: Based on the spatial volume, net exhaust volume, and tritium release rate of each tritium-involved area, a dynamic ventilation model is constructed to characterize the change of tritium concentration over time in each tritium-involved area. Solve the dynamic ventilation model to obtain the regional equilibrium time of each tritium-involved area. Take the maximum value of the regional equilibrium time as the system equilibrium time. The regional equilibrium time is used to characterize the time it takes for the tritium-involved area to reach the preset proportion of the corresponding theoretical equilibrium concentration.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: for any two spatially adjacent high-tritium containment regions and low-tritium containment regions with adjacent tritium containment levels, the high-tritium containment region is nested within the low-tritium containment region to form a unidirectional air permeation path from the low-tritium containment region to the high-tritium containment region.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The unidirectional air infiltration path is implemented as follows: the net exhaust volume of each tritium-contaminated area is configured to increase monotonically with the increase of the tritium containment level.

8. A tritium-enclosed partitioning device for a fusion device, characterized in that, The device includes: The partitioning module is used to initially divide each tritium-contaminated room into multiple tritium-contaminated areas with different tritium containment levels based on preset tritium concentration limits; The first processing module is used to identify a transition room between two tritium-involved areas that are spatially adjacent and have adjacent tritium containment levels, and to generate multiple different candidate partitioning schemes by adjusting the tritium-involved area to which the transition room belongs. The second processing module is used to determine the system balancing time of any candidate partitioning scheme based on the spatial volume of each tritium-involved area, the annual average tritium release rate, and the preset net exhaust volume. The determination module is used to identify the shortest system balance time among the various system balance times, and determine the candidate partitioning scheme corresponding to the shortest system balance time as the target partitioning scheme.

9. A computer device, characterized in that, include: A memory and a processor are communicatively connected, the memory storing computer instructions, and the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the containment partitioning method for the deuterium-tritium fusion device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the containment partitioning method for a deuterium-tritium fusion device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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