A method of flotation of fine grained gold-bearing pyrite

Abstract

This invention provides a flotation method for fine-grained gold-bearing ferrite, relating to the field of flotation separation technology. Specifically, artificial microspheres are grafted and modified, then surface-modified to obtain collector-type and regulator-type microspheres. A slurry containing fine-grained gold-bearing ferrite is prepared and subjected to flotation using flotation reagents and a flotation process to obtain a gold-bearing concentrate. The flotation reagents include a collector, the collector-type microspheres, and the regulator-type microspheres. The flotation process includes three roughing stages, one cleaning stage, and two scavenging stages. This invention aims for efficient recovery of fine-grained gold-bearing ferrite by preparing two specific microspheres for flotation operations, achieving a gold recovery rate greater than 80%. Furthermore, the method of this invention has advantages such as high efficiency, low energy consumption, easy bubble recovery, and environmental friendliness, with a simple overall process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flotation separation technology, and more specifically, to a flotation method for fine-grained gold-bearing ferrophosphate. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, gold resources are poorly endowed, large gold deposits are scarce, average grades are low, and a large proportion of resources are difficult to process. The low yield of fine-grained gold-bearing resources severely limits the ability to secure gold supply, resulting in a severe shortage of economically usable resources. Furthermore, fine gold particles are physically encapsulated by major carrier minerals such as pyrite or sulfides, with all gold particles smaller than 10μm. Some gold-bearing minerals are also associated with non-metallic minerals such as quartz and feldspar, resulting in extremely fine particle sizes. Effective liberation and separation of these particles is a prominent challenge in the industry. Specifically, physical crushing and grinding cannot achieve single-particle liberation of such fine gold particles, and excessive grinding leads to mud formation. Traditional chemical agents such as direct cyanidation are ineffective, roasting destroys the sulfide carrier and produces sulfur dioxide, limiting their effectiveness, while biological pre-oxidation or pressure oxidation are too costly.

[0003] For fine-grained gold-bearing ferrite, it is essential to improve the selectivity of the bubble mineralization process in flotation to enhance the secondary enrichment effect of the froth layer, reduce entrainment, and ultimately improve the grade and recovery rate of the gold concentrate. However, traditional flotation methods are extremely difficult to control bubbles, easily leading to problems such as poor flotation separation accuracy and low reagent utilization. Artificial bubbles, on the other hand, can be surface-modified according to the ore characteristics. Through methods such as grafting collector groups and froth layer regulating groups, they can precisely act on the surface of fine-grained gold-bearing ferrite, thereby improving the grade and recovery rate of the flotation concentrate.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flotation method for fine-grained gold-bearing ore, which mainly addresses the shortcomings of existing processes for separating gold particles from fine-grained gold-bearing minerals, such as high difficulty in ore liberation, high difficulty in separation after over-liberation, and difficulty in achieving high yields in flotation processes.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of the present invention, the following technical solution is adopted:

[0007] A flotation method for fine-grained pyrite-loaded gold includes the following steps:

[0008] (1) The artificial microsphere material is grafted and modified, and then surface modified to obtain the harvesting microsphere material and the regulating microsphere material;

[0009] (2) Prepare a slurry containing fine-grained gold-bearing iron ore, and perform flotation treatment using flotation reagents and flotation process to obtain gold-bearing concentrate;

[0010] The flotation reagents include a collector, the collector-type microsphere material, and the regulating microsphere material. The flotation process includes three roughing stages, one cleaning stage, and two scavenging stages.

[0011] In one embodiment, the artificial microsphere material includes one or more of hollow glass microspheres, polystyrene microspheres, and polyacrylate microspheres.

[0012] In one embodiment, the particle size of the artificial microsphere material is 0.1 μm to 100 μm.

[0013] In one embodiment, the grafting modification treatment includes immersing the artificial microsphere material in an impregnation solution for 2 to 4 hours.

[0014] In one embodiment, the impregnation solution comprises one or more of N,N-dimethylformamide, vinyltriethoxysilane, aminosilane, chloroacetyl chloride, and tetrahydrofuran.

[0015] In one embodiment, the surface modification treatment includes at least one of the following steps (a) to (c):

[0016] (a) The grafted modified material is mixed with chemical additives and then subjected to heat treatment;

[0017] (b) The grafted material is subjected to acid-base modification;

[0018] (c) The grafted and modified material is subjected to an oxidative treatment;

[0019] The harvesting microsphere material is prepared by step (a), and the regulating microsphere material is prepared by at least one of steps (b) or (c).

[0020] In another embodiment, the chemical auxiliaries include one or more of sodium allyl sulfonate, aminodithiocarbamate, and benzothiazole thiol.

[0021] In another embodiment, the oxidant for the oxidation treatment includes one or more of hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, and potassium permanganate.

[0022] In one embodiment, the method for preparing the slurry includes: subjecting fine-grained gold-bearing ore to shock wave pretreatment, roller crushing, and grinding to obtain ore particles; and then mixing the ore particles with water to obtain the slurry.

[0023] In one embodiment, the flotation reagents for roughing and scavenging include the collector, the collector-type microsphere material, and the regulating microsphere material; the flotation reagents for fine flotation include the collector-type microsphere material and the regulating microsphere material.

[0024] In one embodiment, during the coarse selection, the amount of the collecting microsphere material and the regulating microsphere material added independently is 0.8 wt.% to 1.5 wt.%.

[0025] In one embodiment, during the sweeping process, the amount of the collecting microsphere material and the regulating microsphere material added independently is 0.16 wt.% to 0.3 wt.%.

[0026] In one embodiment, during the selection process, the amount of the collecting microsphere material and the regulating microsphere material added is independently 0.1 wt.% to 0.3 wt.%.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] This invention provides a method for preparing modified microsphere materials using artificial microspheres and applying them to the flotation of fine-grained gold-bearing ore. By preparing two types of microsphere materials—collecting microspheres and regulating microspheres—and applying them to the flotation of fine-grained gold-bearing ore, efficient separation of fine-grained gold-bearing ore is achieved. This method is particularly suitable for processing secondary gold deposits in oxidized zones and deep, difficult-to-process gold ores. Specifically, this invention aims for high-efficiency recovery, using adjustable artificial bubbles with different functional groups as the core. By controlling the reaction conditions, the functionalized surface of the microsphere materials can be made controllable, thereby achieving a gold recovery rate of over 80% in flotation. The flotation method has advantages such as high efficiency, high bubble mineralization selectivity, recyclable artificial bubbles, and environmental friendliness. The overall process is simple and has broad prospects for industrial application. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 Electron micrographs of the modified microsphere materials according to various embodiments of the present invention are provided; Figure 1 (a) corresponds to Example 1. Figure 1 (b) Corresponding to Example 2, Figure 1 (c) Corresponding to Example 3, Figure 1 (d) Corresponding to Example 4, Figure 1 (e) corresponds to Example 5. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments described below are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall be followed. Where the manufacturers of reagents or instruments are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] The present invention provides a flotation method for fine-grained gold-bearing ferrite, which mainly includes the following two steps: the preparation of a specific microsphere flotation reagent and the flotation process.

[0033] (1) The artificial microsphere material is grafted and modified, and then surface modified to obtain the harvesting microsphere material and the regulating microsphere material.

[0034] (2) Prepare a slurry containing fine-grained gold-bearing iron ore, and perform flotation treatment through flotation reagents and flotation process to obtain gold-bearing concentrate; wherein the flotation reagents include collectors, the collector-type microsphere material and the regulating microsphere material, and the flotation process includes three roughing, one cleaning and two scavenging.

[0035] In one preferred embodiment, the artificial microsphere material includes one or more of hollow glass microspheres, polystyrene microspheres, and polyacrylate microspheres; in some embodiments, the particle size of the artificial microsphere material is 0.1 μm to 100 μm, including but not limited to any one or any two of the following numerical ranges: 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 85, 90, 95, 98, and 100.

[0036] The artificial microsphere material selected in this invention has low density and high floatability. Its density is much lower than that of water and ore particles, which allows it to float spontaneously or easily by attaching to air bubbles. At the same time, the selected artificial microsphere material has high controllability in particle size and surface properties, good chemical modifiability, and certain mechanical strength, which can withstand the stirring, collision and chemical environment of the slurry during the flotation process.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the grafting modification treatment includes the following steps: immersing the artificial microsphere material in an impregnation solution; in some embodiments, the immersion time is 2h to 4h, and the solid-liquid ratio of the artificial microsphere material to the impregnation solution is 0.05 to 0.08, with the solid-liquid ratio unit being g / mL.

[0038] As an optional implementation, the soaking process can be carried out in a static state or assisted by stirring, centrifugation, vibration, shaking, etc.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the impregnation solution includes one or more of N,N-dimethylformamide, vinyltriethoxysilane, aminosilane, chloroacetyl chloride, and tetrahydrofuran.

[0040] In a more preferred embodiment, the type of impregnation liquid needs to be selected according to the type of artificial microsphere material. The following provides a set of typical but non-limiting impregnation liquid selections and their advantages and effects.

[0041] When the artificial microsphere material is a hollow glass microsphere, the impregnation liquid includes vinyltriethoxysilane and aminosilane; in this embodiment, by forming a cross-linked organosilicon layer in situ on the surface of the microsphere and introducing amino (–NH2) functional groups, the modified layer is both stable and has interfacial reactivity.

[0042] When the artificial microsphere material is polystyrene microspheres, the impregnation solution includes N,N-dimethylformamide, chloroacetyl chloride, and tetrahydrofuran. In this embodiment, N,N-dimethylformamide / chloroacetyl chloride synergistically guides the in-situ acylation of glass microspheres with chloroacetyl chloride, aiming to construct a functionalized interface with both high-density active sites and steric hindrance, thereby transforming it into an interface that can be used for subsequent polymer grafting or nucleophilic reactions.

[0043] When the artificial microsphere material is polyacrylate microsphere, the impregnation liquid includes tetrahydrofuran and chloroacetyl chloride. In this embodiment, tetrahydrofuran can cause moderate swelling of polyacrylate microsphere without causing structural dissolution, which is beneficial to the surface reaction. Chloroacetyl chloride introduces chloromethyl acyl functional groups on the surface of the microsphere through an acylation reaction, thereby achieving stable surface modification of the microsphere.

[0044] In this invention, functional molecular chains or functional groups are first introduced onto the surface of the artificial microsphere material as functional anchors through the grafting modification treatment. Then, the surface modification treatment is used to activate or transform the functional groups, change the surface microstructure, etc., thereby obtaining a stable microsphere surface.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the surface modification treatment includes at least one of the following steps (a) to (c):

[0046] (a) The grafted modified material is mixed with chemical additives and then subjected to heat treatment;

[0047] (b) The grafted material is subjected to acid-base modification;

[0048] (c) The grafted and modified material is subjected to an oxidative treatment;

[0049] Further, the harvesting microsphere material is prepared by step (a), and the regulating microsphere material is prepared by one or more of steps (b) or (c).

[0050] In this invention, when the chemical additives and heat treatment are carried out, a stable, uniform and functionalized microsphere surface can be formed by promoting functional group cross-linking and chemical reaction, removing unreacted substances and optimizing the distribution of surface active sites, thereby improving its chemical stability, dispersibility and subsequent harvesting or grafting performance.

[0051] In this invention, when the acid-base modification is carried out, the protonation state of the functional groups on the surface of the grafted microspheres can be adjusted by acid-base treatment, thereby changing the surface charge distribution, enhancing the chemical activity of the functional groups, and improving the dispersibility of the microspheres in the solution, so as to optimize their collection, adsorption and subsequent grafting performance.

[0052] In this invention, when the oxidation treatment is performed, the corresponding motivation / principle is to convert the surface-active functional groups into functional groups with higher oxidation states through oxidation treatment; this treatment can regulate the polarity and chemical activity of the microsphere surface, enhance the stability of the functional groups, and thus improve their performance in adsorption, collection or polymerization grafting.

[0053] In a more preferred embodiment, the chemical additive includes one or more of sodium allyl sulfonate, aminodithiocarbamate, and benzothiazole mercaptan; in some embodiments, the solid-liquid ratio of the grafted modified material to the chemical additive is 0.03 to 0.10, where the solid-liquid ratio is expressed in g / mL.

[0054] In a more preferred embodiment, the heat treatment temperature is 80℃~120℃ and the duration is 1h~4h.

[0055] In a more preferred embodiment, the acid-base modification includes one of routes (I) or (II): (I) adjusting the pH to 10.5-11.5, in which the pH is adjusted to alkaline to expose the active sites of the microspheres and improve the metal complexation efficiency; (II) adjusting the pH to 3-4, in which the pH is adjusted to acidic to adsorb anionic agents and remove surface impurities (cleaning effect); in some embodiments, the reagents for acid-base modification include, but are not limited to, one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid.

[0056] In a more preferred embodiment, the oxidant used in the oxidation treatment includes one or more of hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, and potassium permanganate; in some embodiments, the mass ratio of the oxidant to the grafted modified material is (0.1~2):1.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the collector includes one or more of xanthates, dithiocarbamates, and black powder.

[0058] In a more preferred embodiment, the collector is added in the form of an aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 1% to 5%.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, the method for preparing the slurry includes the following steps: subjecting fine-grained gold-bearing ore to shock wave pretreatment, roller crushing, and grinding to obtain ore particles; and then mixing the ore particles with water to obtain the slurry. In some embodiments, the solid content of the slurry is 30% to 45%.

[0060] The mechanism of mineral liberation in this invention includes: pre-cracking with controllable shock waves to induce cracks at the interface between fine-grained gold-bearing minerals and other minerals in fine-grained embedded gold-bearing ore, and further development of internal cracks in the particles by roller pressing, which can significantly improve the grindability of subsequent grinding and enhance the selectivity of mineral liberation.

[0061] As a more preferred embodiment, the conditions for the shock wave pretreatment include: shock wave energy storage parameters of 50kJ~100kJ, and 1~2 shock operations.

[0062] In a more preferred embodiment, the feed particle size of the roller crusher is -3μm.

[0063] In a more preferred embodiment, the particle size range of the ore particles obtained after the grinding process is -10 μm.

[0064] In this invention, it is understood that the "three roughing, one cleaning, and two scavenging" in the flotation process conforms to the conventional definition in the art; that is, the roughing, scavenging, and cleaning each refer independently to one flotation operation, meaning a total of six flotation steps are performed in this step; and the concentrate obtained from the first two roughing processes enters the subsequent roughing process. Furthermore, the tailings slurry obtained from the last roughing process is used as the slurry feed for the first scavenging process, the tailings slurry obtained from the first scavenging process is used as the slurry feed for the second scavenging process, and the concentrate slurry from the first scavenging process is returned to the third roughing process. Similarly, the concentrate slurry obtained from the third roughing process is used as the slurry feed for the cleaning process, and the concentrate slurry obtained through cleaning is used as the precursor slurry for the gold-bearing concentrate, while the tailings slurry from the cleaning process is returned to the third roughing process.

[0065] In this invention, there should be a corresponding stirring and aeration method in each flotation operation. Any conventional or unconventional method can be used, such as mechanical impeller stirring, rotor stirring, gas precipitation or pressure dissolved gas, etc. Any flotation parameters or types can achieve mineral separation in this invention, and this invention does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, each roughing process includes the following steps: adding the collector, the collecting microsphere material, and the regulating microsphere material to the slurry, performing flotation, and obtaining roughing tailings and roughing concentrate;

[0067] In one embodiment, during the roughing process, the amount of the collector is 0.5 wt.% to 0.8 wt.% based on the mass of the slurry, the amount of the collecting microsphere material is 0.8 wt.% to 1.5 wt.% and the amount of the regulating microsphere material is 0.8 wt.% to 1.5 wt.%.

[0068] In one preferred embodiment, the refining process includes the following steps: adding the collecting microsphere material and the regulating microsphere material to the slurry, performing flotation to obtain refined tailings and refined concentrate; in one embodiment, a frother, including but not limited to terpineol or synthetic alcohols, may also be added to the refining process.

[0069] In one embodiment, during the refining process, the amount of the collecting microsphere material is 0.1 wt.% to 0.3 wt.% and the amount of the regulating microsphere material is 0.1 wt.% to 0.3 wt.% based on the mass of the slurry.

[0070] In one preferred embodiment, each scavenging process includes the following steps: adding the collector, the collecting microsphere material, and the regulating microsphere material to the slurry, performing flotation, and obtaining refined tailings and refined concentrate; in one embodiment, the ratio of the amount of reagent used in the scavenging process to the amount of reagent used in the roughing process is 1:(4~6).

[0071] In another embodiment, during the scavenging process, the amount of the collector is 0.1 wt.% to 0.15 wt.% based on the mass of the slurry, the amount of the collecting microsphere material is 0.16 wt.% to 0.3 wt.% and the amount of the regulating microsphere material is 0.16 wt.% to 0.3 wt.%.

[0072] The minerals used in the following embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention are: ore samples containing fine-grained gold-bearing pyrite, wherein the gold minerals are not only encapsulated by pyrite and other sulfide minerals as the main carrier minerals, but also contain a portion of gold minerals associated with non-metallic minerals such as quartz and feldspar, belonging to the extremely difficult-to-process low-sulfide quartz vein type gold ore. Table 1 below provides the results of the component content detection of the ore samples.

[0073] Example 1

[0074] S1. The raw ore is pretreated by a controllable shock wave generator using shock waves generated by an electric pulse explosion, followed by rolling and grinding to obtain ore particles with a particle size of -200mm accounting for 90%.

[0075] S2. Select hollow glass microspheres, and after sieving, the particle size is 5±1μm. The selected microspheres are impregnated with grafted materials to obtain grafted artificial microspheres. The impregnation solution is vinyltriethoxysilane and aminosilane (the molar ratio of the two is 3:1). The solid-liquid ratio of the microsphere material to the impregnation solution is 0.06g / mL, and the impregnation is controlled to be carried out for 2 hours.

[0076] S3. Surface modification of the grafted artificial microspheres obtained in S2: Prepare a mixture of sodium allyl sulfonate and amino dithiocarbamate (molar ratio of 1:1), add the grafted artificial microspheres to the mixture, control the solid-liquid ratio to be 0.06 g / mL, and then heat at 80 °C for 4 hours to obtain the harvesting microsphere material.

[0077] S4. Surface modification of the grafted artificial microspheres obtained in S2: The grafted artificial microspheres are immersed in sodium hydroxide solution (concentration of 0.01 mol / L, pH=11) for immersion treatment, and the solid-liquid ratio is controlled at 0.08 g / mL. After continuous immersion for 30 minutes, the regulated microsphere material is obtained.

[0078] S5. The modified microsphere material prepared in S3 and S4, and the collector isoamyl xanthate are used together as three flotation reagents (the following order of the three reagents is based on the collecting microsphere material prepared in S3, the regulating microsphere material prepared in S4, and the collector), and then the following flotation process is carried out:

[0079] S5-1, First roughing: Add the above three flotation reagents to the slurry at amounts of 1%, 1%, and 0.6% of the slurry mass, respectively; after flotation is completed, collect the first roughing concentrate and the first roughing tailings, and return the first roughing tailings to the slurry;

[0080] S5-2, Second roughing: The above three flotation reagents are added to the first roughing concentrate slurry, with dosages of 1%, 1%, and 0.6% based on the mass of the slurry, respectively; after flotation is completed, the second roughing concentrate and the second roughing tailings are collected, and the second roughing tailings are returned to the flotation operation in S5-1.

[0081] S5-3, Third roughing: Add the above three flotation reagents to the second roughing concentrate slurry, with dosages of 1%, 1%, and 0.6% based on the mass of the slurry, respectively; after flotation is completed, collect the third roughing concentrate and the third roughing tailings;

[0082] S5-4, Cleaning: Add the above three flotation reagents to the third rougher concentrate pulp, with dosages of 0.2%, 0.2%, and 0% based on the mass of the pulp, respectively; after flotation is completed, collect the cleaned concentrate and cleaned tailings, and return the cleaned tailings to the flotation operation in S5-3;

[0083] S5-5, First scavenging: Add the above three flotation reagents to the tailings slurry of the third rougher, with dosages of 0.2%, 0.2%, and 0.12% based on the mass of the slurry, respectively; after flotation is completed, collect the first scavenging concentrate and the first scavenging tailings, and return the first scavenging concentrate to the flotation operation of S5-3;

[0084] S5-6, Second Scavenging: The above three flotation reagents are added to the tailings slurry of the first scavenging, with dosages of 0.2%, 0.2%, and 0.12% based on the mass of the slurry, respectively; after the flotation is completed, the second scavenging concentrate and the second scavenging tailings are collected, and the second scavenging concentrate is returned to the flotation operation of S5-5;

[0085] The refined concentrate obtained in S5-4 is used as the concentrate product of this flotation process, and the second scavenging tailings obtained in S5-6 is used as the tailings product of this flotation process.

[0086] Example 2

[0087] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that:

[0088] In step S2, hollow glass microspheres (particle size 5±1μm) and polystyrene microspheres (particle size 7±1μm) are selected with a mass ratio of 1:1; the impregnation solution for the hollow glass microspheres is vinyltriethoxysilane and aminosilane (molar ratio 3:1), and the impregnation solution for the polystyrene microspheres is N,N-dimethylformamide, chloroacetyl chloride and tetrahydrofuran (molar ratio 10:2:1).

[0089] Example 3

[0090] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that:

[0091] In step S2, the hollow glass microspheres are replaced with polystyrene microspheres of the same particle size, and the impregnation solution is replaced with N,N-dimethylformamide, chloroacetyl chloride and tetrahydrofuran (molar ratio of 10:2:1).

[0092] Example 4

[0093] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that:

[0094] In step S4, the grafted artificial microspheres obtained in S2 are surface modified: the grafted artificial microspheres are immersed in potassium hydroxide solution (pH=11.5) for soaking treatment, the solid-liquid ratio is controlled at 0.09 g / mL, and the soaking is continued for 1 hour; then the microsphere material is transferred to hydrogen peroxide solution (H2O2 concentration is 80 wt.%) for soaking treatment, the mass ratio of microsphere material to hydrogen peroxide is controlled at 1:0.5, and the soaking is continued for 20 min to obtain the regulated microsphere material.

[0095] Example 5

[0096] The process is basically the same as in Example 1, except that in step S5, the collector isopentyl xanthate is replaced with dithiocarbamate.

[0097] Comparative Example 1

[0098] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that the modified microsphere material prepared in S3 is not added in step S5.

[0099] Comparative Example 2

[0100] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that the modified microsphere material obtained in S4 is not added in step S5.

[0101] Comparative Example 3

[0102] The process is basically the same as in Example 1, except that the collector isoamyl xanthate is removed in step S5.

[0103] Table 1

[0104]

[0105] Table 2

[0106]

[0107] As shown in Table 2, the gold recovery rate of the embodiments of the present invention can reach more than 86%, which is a significant improvement in recovery effect compared with the comparative example.

[0108] In this invention, based on the modification treatment of artificial microsphere materials, a collecting type microsphere material and a regulating type microsphere material are obtained. The above two modified microsphere materials can be understood as artificial bubbles in the flotation system.

[0109] like Figure 1 The figures shown are electron microscope images of the microsphere materials (including equal-mass harvesting microsphere materials and regulating microsphere materials) of Examples 1-5; wherein, Figure 1 (a), (b), (c), (d), and (e) correspond to Examples 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively.

[0110] based on Figure 1 It is evident that the surface of the modified microsphere material changes from a relatively smooth state to a significantly rough structure. The functional groups loaded on the artificial bubbles can interact specifically with the target minerals, while the rough surface structure enhances the adhesion of particles to the microsphere surface, thereby improving flotation performance.

[0111] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with specific embodiments, it should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention; therefore, this means that all such substitutions and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention are included in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A flotation method for fine-grained pyrite, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) The artificial microsphere material is grafted and modified, and then surface modified to obtain the harvesting microsphere material and the regulating microsphere material. (2) Prepare a slurry containing fine-grained gold-bearing iron ore, and perform flotation treatment using flotation reagents and flotation process to obtain gold-bearing concentrate; The flotation reagents include a collector, the collecting microsphere material, and the regulating microsphere material; the flotation process includes three roughing stages, one cleaning stage, and two scavenging stages. The grafting modification process includes: immersing the artificial microsphere material in an impregnation solution; The surface modification treatment includes: mixing the grafted modified material with a chemical additive, and then performing heat treatment to obtain the harvesting microsphere material; The grafted and modified material is subjected to acid-base modification or oxidation treatment to obtain the regulated microsphere material. The artificial microsphere material includes one or more of hollow glass microspheres, polystyrene microspheres, and polyacrylate microspheres; The impregnation solution includes one or more of N,N-dimethylformamide, vinyltriethoxysilane, aminosilane, chloroacetyl chloride, and tetrahydrofuran; The chemical auxiliaries include one or more of sodium allyl sulfonate, aminodithiocarbamate, and benzothiazole thiol; The oxidant used in the oxidation treatment includes one or more of hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, and potassium permanganate.

2. The flotation method for fine-grained gold-bearing ferrite according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the artificial microsphere material is 0.1 μm to 100 μm.

3. The flotation method for fine-grained gold-bearing ferrite according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soaking time is 2 to 4 hours.

4. The flotation method for fine-grained pyrite according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the slurry includes: Fine-grained gold-bearing ore is pretreated by shock wave, crushed by roller pressing, and ground to obtain ore particles; then the ore particles are mixed with water to obtain the slurry.

5. The flotation method for fine-grained gold-bearing ferrite according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flotation reagents for roughing and scavenging include the collector, the collector-type microsphere material, and the regulating microsphere material; The selected flotation reagents include the collecting microsphere material and the regulating microsphere material.

6. The flotation method for fine-grained loaded pyrite according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the coarse selection, the addition amounts of the collecting microsphere material and the regulating microsphere material are independently 0.8 wt.%~1.5 wt.%; In the aforementioned sweeping process, the amount of the collecting microsphere material and the regulating microsphere material added independently ranges from 0.16 wt.% to 0.3 wt.%. In the selected materials, the amount of the harvesting microsphere material and the regulating microsphere material added is independently 0.1 wt.% to 0.3 wt.%.

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