Multi-stage composite wall type damping device

Abstract

The application provides a multi-stage composite wall type damping device, belonging to the technical field of engineering shock isolation. The multi-stage composite wall type damping device comprises a viscoelastic damper, a multi-stage metal damper, an upper connecting wall and a lower connecting wall, the viscoelastic damper and the multi-stage metal damper are connected through bolts to form a multi-stage composite damper, and the multi-stage composite damper is connected through bolts between the upper connecting wall mounted to a top beam and the lower connecting wall mounted to a bottom beam. The multi-stage composite wall type damping device has the advantages of adaptive hierarchical energy dissipation, excellent self-resetting capability, precise trigger logic, convenient maintenance and replacement and no interference with normal work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic isolation technology, and in particular to a multi-stage composite wall damping device. Background Technology

[0002] Energy dissipation and vibration reduction technology involves rationally incorporating energy dissipation components or devices into a structure to increase structural damping, thereby reducing the structure's response under wind-induced vibration and seismic loading. Currently, the most widely used dampers in the construction field include viscous dampers, viscoelastic dampers, metallic dampers, and friction dampers. Viscoelastic dampers, as typical velocity-type dampers, exhibit significant frequency dependence and have relatively low load-bearing capacity under wind-induced vibration and seismic loading, demonstrating excellent vibration reduction effects. However, viscoelastic dampers have two main limitations: firstly, under near-field velocity pulse-type earthquakes, their load-bearing capacity may be very high, leading to unfavorable additional forces on the structure; secondly, their vibration reduction effect is not ideal when there are large differences in ambient temperature. Mild steel metallic dampers, as typical displacement-type dampers, possess excellent hysteretic and fatigue performance, and their mechanical properties are insensitive to load frequency, thus effectively reducing the seismic response of structures. However, metal dampers have two main limitations: first, their high initial stiffness results in poor damping performance under wind-induced vibration or minor earthquakes; second, their self-resetting ability after an earthquake is insufficient.

[0003] To address the issues of unsatisfactory damping performance and lack of self-resetting capabilities of single-type dampers, a high-performance composite damper has been proposed. This damper utilizes different types of dampers or different materials, designed and combined using a special construction method. CN114277952A discloses a composite damper, whose energy-dissipating components include a series combination of a viscoelastic damper and a friction damper. Under wind-induced vibrations or minor earthquakes, the viscoelastic damper provides first-order damping; under major earthquakes, the friction damper activates, providing second-order damping. However, this invention has some drawbacks: First, when the friction damper activates, the device exhibits almost zero post-yield stiffness, making it prone to excessive deformation under strong earthquakes. This mechanical behavior may cause structural deformation and damage to concentrate in locally "weak" layers, significantly increasing the risk of damage or even collapse of these layers. Second, after an earthquake, the friction damper exhibits significant residual deformation, increasing the risk of damage to the device under aftershocks or future earthquakes.

[0004] CN118621922A discloses a multi-stage viscoelastic-metal yield composite energy-dissipating self-resetting support structure. The energy-dissipating components of this invention include a viscoelastic damper and a U-shaped metal damper, with a pre-compressed disc spring providing additional self-resetting capability. Under minor earthquakes, the viscoelastic damper and disc spring provide first-order damping; under major earthquakes, the U-shaped metal damper activates, providing second-order damping. However, this invention has some drawbacks: firstly, the viscoelastic damper and disc spring are arranged in parallel, which limits the damping effect of the device under wind-induced vibrations or minor earthquakes; secondly, because the U-shaped metal damper has a sliding elongated hole, even with a large designed load-bearing capacity for the disc spring, the U-shaped metal damper still exhibits significant residual deformation after an earthquake, affecting the device's damping effect under wind-induced vibrations, aftershocks, or future earthquakes.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a multi-stage composite wall damping device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a multi-stage composite wall-type damping device, namely a series combination of velocity-dependent dampers and displacement-dependent dampers. This fully utilizes the damping function of viscoelastic dampers under wind-induced vibration or minor earthquakes, while the multi-stage damping function under strong earthquakes is provided by multi-stage metal dampers. Therefore, it has adaptability under different levels of wind-induced vibration or earthquake intensity. In addition, this invention has excellent self-resetting capability, effectively solving the problem of large residual deformation of traditional series metal dampers after earthquakes.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a multi-stage composite wall damping device, comprising: a viscoelastic damper, a multi-stage metal damper, an upper connecting wall, and a lower connecting wall. The viscoelastic damper and the multi-stage metal damper are connected by bolts to form a multi-stage composite damper. The multi-stage composite damper is connected by bolts to the upper connecting wall installed to the top beam and to the lower connecting wall installed to the bottom beam.

[0008] Preferably, the viscoelastic damper includes a T-shaped inner steel plate, two L-shaped outer steel plates, two viscoelastic materials, and a first connector. The two viscoelastic materials are bonded between the T-shaped inner steel plate and the L-shaped outer steel plate by high-temperature vulcanization and are arranged symmetrically. The cross-section of the T-shaped inner steel plate is provided with a first sliding elongated hole, and the first connector passes through the first sliding elongated hole.

[0009] Preferably, the multi-stage metal damper includes a first connecting steel plate, a second connecting steel plate, two first U-shaped dampers, two second U-shaped dampers, and multiple second connecting components. The two first U-shaped dampers and the two second U-shaped dampers are located between the first connecting steel plate and the second connecting steel plate and are arranged symmetrically. Each first U-shaped damper includes two parallel first connecting arms and a first energy dissipation arm. Each of the two first connecting arms has a first connecting hole. Each second U-shaped damper includes two parallel second connecting arms and a second energy dissipation arm. One of the second connecting arms has a second sliding elongated hole, and the other second connecting arm has a second connecting hole. Multiple second connecting components pass through the corresponding first connecting hole, second connecting hole, and second sliding elongated hole.

[0010] Furthermore, a graded trigger locking mechanism is provided between the viscoelastic damper and the multi-stage metal damper, the graded trigger locking mechanism including a lateral locking component and a longitudinal locking component.

[0011] Preferably, the lateral locking assembly includes two lower fixed rods, two upper sliding rods, two blocks, two pins, two first return springs, two fixing bars, two connecting frames, two first rotating wheels, and a first connecting rod. The two lower fixed rods are fixedly installed on the top of the second connecting steel plate, and each lower fixed rod has a lateral limiting insertion hole at its top. The two upper sliding rods pass through and slide on the first connecting steel plate. The two blocks are respectively fixedly installed on the tops of the two upper sliding rods. Trapezoidal through slots are formed on the outer walls of the two blocks on their opposite sides, and the two trapezoidal through slots are 180° rotationally symmetrically distributed. Connecting rods are fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the two upper sliding rods. The two connecting blocks are respectively fixedly installed at the bottom of the two connecting blocks, and the bottom ends of the two connecting pins extend into the corresponding transverse limiting holes. The two first return springs are respectively sleeved on the two upper sliding rods. The bottom ends of the first return springs are fixedly connected to the connecting blocks, and the top ends are fixedly connected to the first connecting steel plates. The two fixing strips are respectively fixedly installed on the corresponding L-shaped outer steel plates and are distributed in a 180° rotational symmetry. The two connecting frames are respectively fixedly installed on the two fixing strips. The two first rotating wheels are respectively rotatably installed on one end of the two connecting frames near the corresponding blocks. The first connecting rod is fixedly installed between the two connecting blocks.

[0012] Preferably, the longitudinal locking assembly includes two T-shaped sliding plates, two Z-shaped plates, two second rotating wheels, two sleeve blocks, and two insert blocks. The two T-shaped sliding plates are respectively disposed on both sides of the first connecting steel plate. The two Z-shaped plates are respectively fixedly installed on the top of the two T-shaped sliding plates. Two trapezoidal blocks are fixedly installed on the Z-shaped plates, and the two trapezoidal blocks are symmetrically arranged. The two second rotating wheels are respectively rotatably installed on the two connecting frames, and the two second rotating wheels are located between the corresponding two trapezoidal blocks. Two fixed sliding rods are fixedly installed on both sides of the first connecting steel plate, and the fixed sliding rods pass through the... A T-shaped sliding plate is slidably connected to the T-shaped sliding plate. A limiting end block is fixedly installed at the end of the fixed sliding rod away from the first connecting steel plate. A second return spring is sleeved on the fixed sliding rod. One end of the second return spring is fixedly connected to the limiting end block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the T-shaped sliding plate. Two sleeve blocks are respectively fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of the two lower fixed rods. A longitudinal limiting through groove is opened on the outer wall of the two sleeve blocks on the side away from each other. Two insert blocks are respectively fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the two T-shaped sliding plates. The two insert blocks are respectively located in the corresponding longitudinal limiting through grooves.

[0013] Furthermore, multiple auxiliary support mechanisms are provided between the upper connecting wall and the lower connecting wall. Each auxiliary support mechanism includes two upper fixed seats, two support arms, a second connecting rod, and two lifting components. The two upper fixed seats are respectively fixedly installed on the outer walls of both sides of the upper connecting wall. The two support arms are respectively fixedly installed at the bottom of the two upper fixed seats. The second connecting rod is fixedly installed between the two support arms. The two lifting components are respectively located on both sides of the lower connecting wall.

[0014] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a lower fixed seat, two guide slide rods, a top block, and a stud. The lower fixed seat is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the lower connecting wall. Both guide slide rods pass through and slide on the lower fixed seat. The top block is fixedly installed on the top ends of the two guide slide rods. The stud passes through and is threaded on the lower fixed seat. The top end of the stud is rotatably connected to the bottom of the top block.

[0015] Preferably, the viscoelastic material is an acrylic rubber material.

[0016] Preferably, both the first U-shaped damper and the second U-shaped damper are made of LY225 steel plate.

[0017] Compared with related technologies, the multi-stage composite wall damping device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention fully utilizes the vibration reduction function of the viscoelastic damper under wind vibration or minor earthquake, and the multi-stage metal damper provides multi-stage vibration reduction function under strong earthquake, so as to achieve the design goal of adaptively providing the required bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity under different levels of wind vibration or earthquake intensity.

[0019] 2. This invention has excellent self-resetting capability and exhibits different stiffness and energy dissipation capacity under different levels of earthquake action, effectively solving the problem of large residual deformation in traditional series metal dampers.

[0020] 3. This invention, through the design of a graded triggering locking mechanism, not only precisely binds the trigger threshold to the maximum deformation of the viscoelastic damper, completely avoiding logical errors such as premature or delayed activation of multi-stage metal dampers and ensuring the accurate implementation of the third-stage energy dissipation logic, but also adapts to the multi-dimensional movement of the L-shaped outer steel plate in the left-right and up-down directions. Combined with the bidirectional horizontal offset adaptation design and the through-slot structure of the longitudinal limiting through-slot, it perfectly matches the complex seismic modes and bidirectional action characteristics of actual earthquakes, without motion interference, effectively improving the compatibility of the mechanism with different working conditions. At the same time, through the rigid linkage constraint of the first connecting rod, the mechanism realizes the synchronous unlocking and reset of the lateral locking component, which can completely avoid the force deviation caused by unilateral jamming, reduce local stress concentration in the damper, and significantly improve the overall mechanical stability and service life of the damper.

[0021] This invention, through the setting of a lifting support structure, can reliably and accurately support and fix the connecting wall and the lower connecting wall when the damper component needs to be replaced due to excessive residual deformation. This completely solves the problems of easy displacement of the relative positions of the upper and lower connecting walls, high construction difficulty, and low safety in traditional replacement operations, and greatly improves the maintenance and replacement efficiency of the damper. At the same time, the mechanism is in standby mode during daily operation and will not interfere with the normal graded energy dissipation and self-resetting action of the damper, and has good compatibility with the damper body. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the multi-stage composite wall damping device provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of a multi-stage composite damper.

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of a viscoelastic damper.

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of the viscoelastic damper shown.

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a multi-stage metal damper is shown below.

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the first connecting steel plate and the second connecting steel plate.

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 2 The diagram shown illustrates the operation of a multi-stage composite damper during wind-induced vibration or minor earthquakes.

[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 2 The diagram shown illustrates the operation of a multi-stage composite damper during a moderate earthquake.

[0030] Figure 9 for Figure 2 The diagram shown illustrates the operation of a multi-stage composite damper during a strong earthquake.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the multi-stage composite wall damping device provided by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 11 for Figure 10 The diagram shows the connection between the multi-stage composite damper and the graded triggering locking mechanism.

[0033] Figure 12 for Figure 11 The diagram shows the structure of the graded trigger locking mechanism.

[0034] Figure 13 for Figure 12 The diagram shows the structure of the T-shaped sliding plate away from the sleeve block.

[0035] Figure 14 for Figure 13 The diagram shows the structure of the connecting block in the state where it is away from the lower fixed rod.

[0036] Figure 15 for Figure 14 The diagram shows the installation of the first and second rotating wheels;

[0037] Figure 16 This is a structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the multi-stage composite wall damping device provided by the present invention.

[0038] Figure 17 for Figure 16 The diagram shows the structure of the auxiliary support mechanism.

[0039] Figure 18 for Figure 17 The diagram shows the structure of the lifting assembly.

[0040] Numbering on the map:

[0041] 1. Viscoelastic damper; 11. T-shaped inner steel plate; 12. L-shaped outer steel plate; 13. Viscoelastic material; 14. First connector; 15. First sliding elongated hole;

[0042] 2. Multi-stage metal damper; 21. First connecting steel plate; 22. Second connecting steel plate; 23. First U-shaped damper; 231. First connecting arm; 232. First energy dissipation arm; 233. First connecting hole; 24. Second U-shaped damper; 241. Second connecting arm; 242. Second energy dissipation arm; 243. Second sliding elongated hole; 25. Second connecting assembly;

[0043] 3. Connect to the upper wall;

[0044] 4. Lower connecting wall;

[0045] 5. Third connecting steel plate;

[0046] 6. Graded trigger locking mechanism; 61. Lower fixed rod; 62. Lateral limiting insertion hole; 63. Upper sliding rod; 64. Square block; 65. Trapezoidal through slot; 66. Connecting block; 67. Pin; 68. First return spring; 69. Fixing strip; 610. Connecting frame; 611. First rotating wheel; 612. First connecting rod; 613. T-shaped sliding plate; 614. Z-shaped plate; 615. Trapezoidal block; 616. Second rotating wheel; 617. Fixed sliding rod; 618. Second return spring; 619. Sleeve block; 620. Longitudinal limiting through slot; 621. Insert block;

[0047] 7. Auxiliary support mechanism; 71. Upper fixed seat; 72. Support arm; 73. Second connecting rod; 74. Lower fixed seat; 75. Guide slide rod; 76. Top block; 77. Stud. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0049] First embodiment:

[0050] Please refer to the following: Figures 1-9 In the first embodiment of the present invention, the multi-stage composite wall damping device includes: a viscoelastic damper 1, a multi-stage metal damper 2, an upper connecting wall 3 and a lower connecting wall 4. The viscoelastic damper 1 and the multi-stage metal damper 2 are connected by bolts to form a multi-stage composite damper. The multi-stage composite damper is connected by bolts to the upper connecting wall 3 installed to the top beam and to the lower connecting wall 4 installed to the bottom beam.

[0051] The viscoelastic damper 1 includes a T-shaped inner steel plate 11, two L-shaped outer steel plates 12, two viscoelastic materials 13, and a first connector 14. The two viscoelastic materials 13 are made of acrylic rubber, polyurethane, or other rubber damping materials and are bonded between the T-shaped inner steel plate 11 and the L-shaped outer steel plates 12 by high-temperature vulcanization and are arranged symmetrically. The T-shaped inner steel plate 11 has a first sliding elongated hole 15 at the center of its cross-section, and the first connector 14 passes through the first sliding elongated hole 15.

[0052] The multi-stage metal damper 2 includes a first connecting steel plate 21, a second connecting steel plate 22, two first U-shaped dampers 23, two second U-shaped dampers 24, and multiple second connecting assemblies 25. The two first U-shaped dampers 23 and the two second U-shaped dampers 24 are located between the first connecting steel plate 21 and the second connecting steel plate 22, and are arranged symmetrically. The first U-shaped dampers 23 and the second U-shaped dampers 24 are both made of LY225, LY160, or other low-yield-point steel. The specific number can be designed according to the actual engineering requirements. Each first U-shaped damper... Each device 23 includes two parallel first connecting arms 231 and a first energy dissipation arm 232. Each of the two first connecting arms 231 has a first connecting hole 233. Each second U-shaped damper 24 includes two parallel second connecting arms 241 and a second energy dissipation arm 242. One of the second connecting arms 241 has a second sliding elongated hole 243, and the other second connecting arm 241 has a second connecting hole. Multiple second connecting components 25 pass through the corresponding first connecting hole 233, second connecting hole, and second sliding elongated hole 243.

[0053] A third connecting steel plate 5 is fixedly installed on the top of the viscoelastic damper 1, and is fixedly connected to the upper connecting wall 3 through the third connecting steel plate 5.

[0054] The load-bearing capacity provided by the first U-shaped damper 23 and the second U-shaped damper 24 is determined by the geometric dimensions. In addition, the number of dampers can also be increased, which can also improve the load-bearing capacity. The starting displacement of each second U-shaped damper 24 is determined by the length of the second sliding elongated hole 243, which can be freely adjusted according to the specific needs of the actual project.

[0055] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0056] Under wind-induced vibration or minor earthquakes, the relative deformation acting on the viscoelastic material 13 is less than the length of the first sliding elongated hole 15, and most of the deformation is concentrated in the viscoelastic damper 1, providing first-order damping function. At this time, the first U-shaped damper 23 is in the elastic stage, and the second U-shaped damper 24 is not activated. Under moderate earthquakes, the first U-shaped damper 23 yields, providing second-order damping function, and the second U-shaped damper 24 is not activated. Under strong earthquakes, the deformation acting on the multi-stage metal damper 2 exceeds the length of the second sliding elongated hole 243, and the second U-shaped damper 24 is activated, providing third-order damping function. The multi-stage activation of the viscoelastic damper 1, the first U-shaped damper 23, and the second U-shaped damper 24 presents a third-order damping function, exhibiting different stiffness and energy dissipation capacity under different levels of earthquake intensity. Therefore, the multi-stage composite wall damping device exhibits excellent self-resetting capability, effectively solving the problem of large residual deformation of traditional series metal dampers after strong earthquakes.

[0057] In actual processing, the first sliding elongated hole 15 and the second sliding elongated hole 243 can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to the deformation requirements at different stages. By flexibly adjusting the number and geometric dimensions of the viscoelastic damper 1, the first U-shaped damper 23 and the second U-shaped damper 24, the present invention can adapt to the load-bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity requirements at different stages.

[0058] Second embodiment:

[0059] Based on the multi-stage composite wall damping device provided in the first embodiment of this application, the second embodiment of this application proposes another multi-stage composite wall damping device. The second embodiment is merely a preferred embodiment of the first embodiment, and the implementation of the second embodiment will not affect the separate implementation of the first embodiment.

[0060] The second embodiment of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0061] Please refer to the following: Figures 10-15 In the multi-stage composite wall damping device provided in this embodiment, a graded triggering locking mechanism 6 is provided between the viscoelastic damper 1 and the multi-stage metal damper 2. The graded triggering locking mechanism 6 includes a transverse locking component and a longitudinal locking component.

[0062] The lateral locking assembly includes two lower fixed rods 61, two upper sliding rods 63, two blocks 64, two pins 67, two first return springs 68, two fixing bars 69, two connecting brackets 610, two first rotating wheels 611, and a first connecting rod 612. The two lower fixed rods 61 are fixedly installed on the top of the second connecting steel plate 22, and each lower fixed rod 61 has a lateral limiting insertion hole 62 at its top. The two upper sliding rods 63 are slidably installed through and on the first connecting steel plate 21. Each upper sliding rod 63 is a regular hexagonal rod, and the first connecting steel plate 21 has a matching regular hexagonal sliding hole. The two blocks 64 are respectively fixedly installed on the top of the two upper sliding rods 63. Trapezoidal through slots 65 are provided on the outer walls of the two opposite sides. The two trapezoidal through slots 65 are distributed 180° rotationally symmetrically. Connecting blocks 66 are fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the two upper sliding rods 63. Two pins 67 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the two connecting blocks 66 respectively. The bottom ends of the two pins 67 extend into the corresponding lateral limiting holes 62. The lower fixing rod 61 provides a locking position for the pins 67. The two cooperate to restrict the lateral relative movement of the first connecting steel plate 21 and the second connecting steel plate 22. Two first return springs 68 are respectively sleeved on the two upper sliding rods 63. The bottom end of the first return spring 68 is fixedly connected to the connecting block 66, and the top end is fixedly connected to the first connecting steel plate 21. The function of the return spring 68 is to provide return force after an earthquake, driving the pin 67 to re-insert into the lateral limiting hole 62. Two fixing bars 69 are respectively fixedly installed on the corresponding L-shaped outer steel plates 12, and are distributed in a 180° rotational symmetry. Two connecting brackets 610 are respectively fixedly installed on the two fixing bars 69. Two first rotating wheels 611 are respectively rotatably installed on one end of the two connecting brackets 610 near the corresponding block 64. The connecting brackets 610 move synchronously with the deformation of the viscoelastic damper 1. Through the engagement of the first rotating wheel 611 with the inclined surface of the trapezoidal through groove 65, the axial movement of the upper sliding rod 63 is triggered. When the L-shaped outer steel plate 12 moves laterally, it drives the first rotating wheel 611 to move laterally. The inclined surface of the trapezoidal through groove 65 is contacted, which converts the horizontal deformation of the viscoelastic damper 1 into the vertical displacement of the upper sliding rod 63. The first connecting rod 612 is fixedly installed between the two connecting blocks 66. Since the two trapezoidal through grooves 65 are 180° rotationally symmetrically distributed, and the two fixing strips 69 are respectively assembled on the L-shaped outer steel plates 12 of the two viscoelastic dampers 1, no matter whether the L-shaped outer steel plate 12 is offset to the left or to the right, there will always be a first rotating wheel 611 that first contacts the effective inclined surface area of ​​the corresponding trapezoidal through groove 65. When one of the first rotating wheels 611 contacts the inclined surface and pushes the corresponding block 64 to move upward, the block 64 will drive the corresponding upper sliding rod 63 and connecting block 66 to rise synchronously.Because of the rigid linkage constraint of the first connecting rod 612 on the two connecting blocks 66, this upward movement is synchronously transmitted to the connecting block 66 and the upper sliding rod 63 on the other side, forcing the two upper sliding rods 63 to move upward synchronously with the same stroke. This design completely eliminates the influence of the horizontal deformation direction on the unlocking action, ensuring that regardless of the horizontal deformation direction of the viscoelastic damper 1, the two pins 67 can synchronously disengage from the corresponding lateral limiting sockets 62, preventing single-sided unlocking or single-sided jamming failures, and stably achieving the overall unlocking of the lateral locking assembly.

[0063] The longitudinal locking assembly includes two T-shaped sliding plates 613, two Z-shaped plates 614, two second rotating wheels 616, two sleeve blocks 619, and two insert blocks 621. The two T-shaped sliding plates 613 are respectively disposed on both sides of the first connecting steel plate 21. The two Z-shaped plates 614 are respectively fixedly installed on the top of the two T-shaped sliding plates 613. Two trapezoidal blocks 615 are fixedly installed on the Z-shaped plates 614, and the two trapezoidal blocks 615 are symmetrically arranged. The two second rotating wheels 616 are respectively rotatably mounted on the two connecting brackets 610. The second rotating wheels 616 move synchronously with the deformation of the viscoelastic damper 1, triggering the unlocking action of the longitudinal locking assembly. Both second rotating wheels 616 are located between the corresponding two trapezoidal blocks 615. Through the inclined surface cooperation between the trapezoidal blocks 615 and the second rotating wheels 616, the horizontal thrust is converted into the lateral displacement of the T-shaped sliding plates 613. Two fixed sliding rods 617 are fixedly installed on both sides. The fixed sliding rods 617 pass through the T-shaped sliding plate 613 and are slidably connected to the T-shaped sliding plate 613. A limit end block is fixedly installed at the end of the fixed sliding rod 617 away from the first connecting steel plate 21. A second return spring 618 is sleeved on the fixed sliding rod 617. One end of the second return spring 618 is fixedly connected to the limit end block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the T-shaped sliding plate 613. Two sleeve blocks 619 are fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of the two lower fixed rods 61 respectively. A longitudinal limiting through groove 620 is opened on the outer wall of the two sleeve blocks 619 on the side away from each other. Two insert blocks 621 are fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the two T-shaped sliding plates 613 respectively. The two insert blocks 621 are located in the corresponding longitudinal limiting through grooves 620 respectively. When the insert block 621 is inserted into the longitudinal limiting through groove 620, it achieves longitudinal locking. When it is withdrawn, it achieves longitudinal unlocking.

[0064] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0065] When wind vibration or minor earthquakes act on the structure, the L-shaped outer steel plate 12 of the viscoelastic damper 1 only undergoes a small lateral displacement relative to the T-shaped inner steel plate 11. The fixing strip 69 fixed on the L-shaped outer steel plate 12 moves along with it, thereby driving the connecting frame 610, the first rotating wheel 611, and the second rotating wheel 616 to move synchronously and slightly. The first rotating wheel 611 only contacts the shallow edge area of ​​the trapezoidal through groove 65 on the block 64. The horizontal displacement of the L-shaped outer steel plate 12 is converted into a very small vertical displacement of the block 64, which is insufficient to drive the upper sliding rod 63 to rise. The synchronous upward stroke of the connecting block 66 is not enough to allow the pin 67 to disengage from the lateral limiting insertion hole 62 of the lower fixing rod 61. Therefore, the pin 67 remains stably inserted into the lateral limiting insertion hole 62, and the lateral locking component remains locked.

[0066] The connecting frame 610 synchronously drives the second rotating wheel 616 to make multi-dimensional small-amplitude movements. Its vertical movement is also extremely small, and it cannot touch the effective inclined area of ​​the trapezoidal block 615 on the Z-shaped plate 614. At the same time, since the longitudinal limiting groove 620 on the sleeve block 619 is a through groove structure, the insert block 621 can slide freely in the through groove with the left and right lateral offset of the L-shaped outer steel plate 12, without any movement interference with the sleeve block 619; and the T-shaped sliding plate 613 is tightened by the second return spring 618 on the fixed slide rod 617, and the insert block 621 is still stably stuck in the through groove, and the longitudinal locking component remains locked.

[0067] When an earthquake acts on the structure, the vibration intensity increases significantly, and the deformation of the viscoelastic damper 1 can reach the maximum value limited by the length and width of the first sliding elongated hole 15. The multidimensional movement amplitude of the L-shaped outer steel plate 12 relative to the T-shaped inner steel plate 11 reaches its peak simultaneously.

[0068] When the vibration mode causes the lateral displacement of the L-shaped outer steel plate 12 to reach the width threshold of the first sliding elongated hole 15, but the vertical displacement does not reach the peak value: the fixing bar 69 drives the first rotating wheel 611 to fully deflect laterally. Regardless of whether it deflects to the left or right, one of the first rotating wheels 611 will always contact the steep edge area of ​​the trapezoidal through groove 65, and the stroke of pushing the block 64, the upper sliding rod 63, and the connecting block 66 to move upward is fully met; with the rigid linkage of the first connecting rod 612, the two side pins 67 simultaneously disengage from the lateral limiting insertion hole 62, and the lateral locking component is unlocked. However, the vertical displacement of the second rotating wheel 616 is still insufficient and cannot touch the effective inclined surface of the trapezoidal block 615, so the longitudinal locking component remains locked.

[0069] When the vibration mode causes the vertical displacement of the L-shaped outer steel plate 12 to reach the length threshold of the first sliding long hole 15, while the horizontal displacement does not reach the peak value: the fixing bar 69 drives the vertical displacement of the second rotating wheel 616 to the maximum, which directly abuts against the effective inclined surface of the trapezoidal block 615, pushing the Z-shaped plate 614 and the T-shaped sliding plate 613 to slide along the fixing rod 617, the insert 621 disengages from the longitudinal limiting through groove 620, the longitudinal locking component unlocks, while the horizontal displacement of the first rotating wheel 611 is insufficient, the stroke of the pushing block 64 is insufficient, the horizontal locking component remains locked, and at the same time, the through groove design of the longitudinal limiting through groove 620 ensures that the insert 621 slides with the horizontal displacement without interference;

[0070] When the vibration mode causes the multidimensional movement amplitude of the L-shaped outer steel plate 12 to reach the threshold of the first sliding elongated hole 15, the lateral offset of the first rotating wheel 611 is fully extended, triggering the unlocking of the lateral locking component; the vertical displacement of the second rotating wheel 616 is fully extended, triggering the unlocking of the longitudinal locking component. The lateral and longitudinal locking components unlock simultaneously.

[0071] When a strong earthquake acts on the structure, the vibration intensity is further increased, and the overall deformation of the structure far exceeds that of the moderate earthquake stage. Furthermore, the lateral offset and vertical displacement of the L-shaped outer steel plate 12 will reach or exceed the peak value of the moderate earthquake stage. Therefore, the unlocking triggering mechanical process (sloping plane transmission, component linkage logic) of the graded triggering locking mechanism 6 is completely consistent with that of the moderate earthquake stage.

[0072] Third embodiment:

[0073] Based on the multi-stage composite wall damping device provided in the second embodiment of this application, the third embodiment of this application proposes another multi-stage composite wall damping device. The third embodiment is merely a preferred embodiment of the second embodiment, and the implementation of the third embodiment will not affect the separate implementation of the second embodiment.

[0074] The third embodiment of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0075] Please refer to the following: Figures 16-18 In the multi-stage composite wall damping device provided in this embodiment, multiple auxiliary support mechanisms 7 are also provided between the upper connecting wall 3 and the lower connecting wall 4. The auxiliary support mechanism 7 includes two upper fixed seats 71, two support arms 72, a second connecting rod 73 and two lifting components. The two upper fixed seats 71 are respectively fixedly installed on the outer walls of both sides of the upper connecting wall 3. The two support arms 72 are respectively fixedly installed at the bottom of the two upper fixed seats 71. The second connecting rod 73 is fixedly installed between the two support arms 72. The two lifting components are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower connecting wall 4, corresponding vertically to the two support arms 72.

[0076] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a lower fixed base 74, two guide slide rods 75, a top block 76, and a stud 77. The lower fixed base 74 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the lower connecting wall 4. The two guide slide rods 75 are both slidably installed on the lower fixed base 74 to limit the movement direction of the top block 76 and ensure that it always moves in the vertical direction. The top block 76 is fixedly installed on the top of the two guide slide rods 75 to directly receive and transmit the supporting force. The stud 77 is threadedly installed on the lower fixed base 74. The top of the stud 77 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the top block 76, and the height of the top block 76 is accurately adjusted through the threaded transmission.

[0077] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0078] When the multi-stage composite wall damping device is subjected to wind vibration or seismic forces, the height of the top block 76 is adjusted by rotating the stud 77 to maintain a preset gap between the top block 76 and the second connecting rod 73. At this time, the auxiliary support mechanism 7 is in a fully standby state, does not bear any load, and does not restrict the relative deformation of the upper connecting wall 3 and the lower connecting wall 4, ensuring that the viscoelastic damper 1 and the multi-stage metal damper 2 can freely complete the graded energy dissipation and self-resetting actions without interfering with the normal operation of the dampers.

[0079] When the internal components of the multi-stage composite wall damping device exhibit excessive residual deformation after a strong earthquake and require disassembly and replacement, the auxiliary support mechanism 7 is operated for support work: First, the studs 77 in the two sets of lifting components are rotated respectively, driving the top block 76 to move vertically upward along the guide slide rod 75 through threaded transmission; after the top block 76 is tightly pressed against the bottom of the second connecting rod 73, the rotation of the studs 77 is stopped. At this time, the auxiliary support mechanism 7 reliably supports the upper connecting wall 3 and the lower connecting wall 4 through a complete vertical force transmission path formed by the lower fixed seat 74, guide slide rod 75, top block 76, second connecting rod 73, support arm 72 and upper fixed seat 71, accurately fixing their relative positions. Construction personnel can safely disassemble the damper components with residual deformation and complete the installation of new components; after the replacement work is completed, the studs 77 are rotated in the opposite direction, driving the top block 76 to move vertically downward, so that the top block 76 and the second connecting rod 73 restore the preset gap, and the auxiliary support mechanism 7 returns to the standby state.

[0080] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage composite wall-type damping device, characterized in that, include: The viscoelastic damper (1), the multi-stage metal damper (2), the upper connecting wall (3) and the lower connecting wall (4) are connected by bolts to form a multi-stage composite damper; the multi-stage composite damper is connected by bolts to the upper connecting wall (3) installed to the top beam and to the lower connecting wall (4) installed to the bottom beam. A graded trigger locking mechanism (6) is provided between the viscoelastic damper (1) and the multi-stage metal damper (2), the graded trigger locking mechanism (6) including a lateral locking component and a longitudinal locking component; The viscoelastic damper (1) includes two L-shaped outer steel plates (12), and the multi-stage metal damper (2) includes a first connecting steel plate (21) and a second connecting steel plate (22). The lateral locking assembly includes two lower fixed rods (61), two upper sliding rods (63), two blocks (64), two pins (67), two first return springs (68), two fixing bars (69), two connecting brackets (610), two first rotating wheels (611), and a first connecting rod (612). The two lower fixed rods (61) are fixedly installed on the top of the second connecting steel plate (22). A lateral limiting insertion hole (62) is provided at the top of each lower fixed rod (61). The two upper sliding rods (63) are slidably installed through and on the first connecting steel plate (21). The two blocks (64) are respectively fixedly installed on the tops of the two upper sliding rods (63). A trapezoidal through groove (65) is provided on the outer wall of the side of each block (64) that is far apart from each other. The two trapezoidal through grooves (65) are symmetrically distributed at 180° rotation. A connecting rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of each of the two upper sliding rods (63). The connecting block (66) has two pins (67) fixedly installed at the bottom of the two connecting blocks (66), with the bottom ends of the two pins (67) extending into the corresponding transverse limiting holes (62). The two first return springs (68) are respectively sleeved on the two upper sliding rods (63). The bottom end of the first return spring (68) is fixedly connected to the connecting block (66), and the top end is fixedly connected to the first connecting steel plate (21). The two fixing strips (69) are respectively fixedly installed on the corresponding L-shaped outer steel plate (12) and are distributed in a 180° rotational symmetry. The two connecting frames (610) are respectively fixedly installed on the two fixing strips (69). The two first rotating wheels (611) are respectively rotatably installed on one end of the two connecting frames (610) near the corresponding square (64). The first connecting rod (612) is fixedly installed between the two connecting blocks (66). The longitudinal locking assembly includes two T-shaped sliding plates (613), two Z-shaped plates (614), two second rotating wheels (616), two sleeve blocks (619), and two insert blocks (621). The two T-shaped sliding plates (613) are respectively disposed on both sides of the first connecting steel plate (21). The two Z-shaped plates (614) are respectively fixedly installed on the top of the two T-shaped sliding plates (613). Two trapezoidal blocks (615) are fixedly installed on the Z-shaped plates (614), and the two trapezoidal blocks (615) are symmetrically arranged. The two second rotating wheels (616) are respectively rotatably installed on the two connecting frames (610). The two second rotating wheels (616) are located between the corresponding two trapezoidal blocks (615). Two fixed sliding rods (617) are fixedly installed on both sides of the first connecting steel plate (21). 7) Penetrates the T-shaped sliding plate (613) and is slidably connected to the T-shaped sliding plate (613). A limiting end block is fixedly installed at one end of the fixed sliding rod (617) away from the first connecting steel plate (21). A second return spring (618) is sleeved on the fixed sliding rod (617). One end of the second return spring (618) is fixedly connected to the limiting end block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the T-shaped sliding plate (613). Two sleeve blocks (619) are respectively fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of the two lower fixed rods (61). A longitudinal limiting through groove (620) is opened on the outer wall of the two sleeve blocks (619) on the side away from each other. Two inserts (621) are respectively fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the two T-shaped sliding plates (613). The two inserts (621) are respectively located in the corresponding longitudinal limiting through grooves (620).

2. The multi-stage composite wall damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The viscoelastic damper (1) includes a T-shaped inner steel plate (11), two L-shaped outer steel plates (12), two viscoelastic materials (13) and a first connector (14). The two viscoelastic materials (13) are bonded between the T-shaped inner steel plate (11) and the L-shaped outer steel plate (12) by high-temperature vulcanization and are arranged symmetrically. The cross-section of the T-shaped inner steel plate (11) is provided with a first sliding elongated hole (15), and the first connector (14) passes through the first sliding elongated hole (15).

3. The multi-stage composite wall damping device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The multi-stage metal damper (2) includes a first connecting steel plate (21), a second connecting steel plate (22), two first U-shaped dampers (23), two second U-shaped dampers (24), and multiple second connecting components (25). The two first U-shaped dampers (23) and the two second U-shaped dampers (24) are located between the first connecting steel plate (21) and the second connecting steel plate (22) and are arranged symmetrically. Each first U-shaped damper (23) includes two parallel first connecting arms (231) and a first energy dissipation arm (25). 32) Both first connecting arms (231) are provided with first connecting holes (233). Each second U-shaped damper (24) includes two parallel second connecting arms (241) and a second energy dissipation arm (242). One of the second connecting arms (241) is provided with a second sliding elongated hole (243), and the other second connecting arm (241) is provided with a second connecting hole. Multiple second connecting components (25) pass through the corresponding first connecting hole (233), second connecting hole and second sliding elongated hole (243).

4. The multi-stage composite wall damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple auxiliary support mechanisms (7) are also provided between the upper connecting wall (3) and the lower connecting wall (4). The auxiliary support mechanism (7) includes two upper fixed seats (71), two support arms (72), a second connecting rod (73) and two lifting components. The two upper fixed seats (71) are respectively fixedly installed on the outer walls of both sides of the upper connecting wall (3). The two support arms (72) are respectively fixedly installed at the bottom of the two upper fixed seats (71). The second connecting rod (73) is fixedly installed between the two support arms (72). The two lifting components are respectively provided on both sides of the lower connecting wall (4).

5. The multi-stage composite wall damping device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lifting assembly includes a lower fixed seat (74), two guide slides (75), a top block (76), and a stud (77). The lower fixed seat (74) is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the lower connecting wall (4). The two guide slides (75) are both slidably installed on the lower fixed seat (74). The top block (76) is fixedly installed on the top of the two guide slides (75). The stud (77) is threadedly installed on the lower fixed seat (74). The top of the stud (77) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the top block (76).

6. The multi-stage composite wall damping device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The viscoelastic material (13) is made of acrylate rubber.

7. The multi-stage composite wall damping device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first U-shaped damper (23) and the second U-shaped damper (24) are both made of LY225 steel plate.

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