Ship comprehensive energy collaborative planning method and system based on multi-data constraint

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of intelligent ship motion, in particular to a ship comprehensive energy collaborative planning method and system based on multi-data constraint, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining basic data of ship comprehensive energy, taking the basic data as input to construct a core equipment association model, setting constraint conditions according to the core equipment association model, and carrying out the collaborative planning of the ship comprehensive energy. Comprising equipment characteristic constraint, energy conservation constraint and load interruption constraint; the method comprises the steps of constructing a target function with the minimum annual total cost as a target on the basis of constraint conditions, screening an optimal equipment configuration scheme in combination with the target function, adding a comparison scheme without photovoltaic configuration on the basis of the optimal equipment configuration scheme, quantitatively analyzing the influence of photovoltaic configuration, and outputting a final configuration result. According to the method, the equipment characteristic constraint, the energy conservation constraint and the load interruption constraint are set according to the core equipment association model, the problems of equipment overload, energy imbalance, core load interruption and the like are effectively avoided, and safe and stable operation of the ship integrated energy system is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent ship motion, and in particular to a method and system for integrated energy collaborative planning of ships based on multiple data constraints. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy consumption and the increasing prominence of environmental pollution, the shipping industry faces a dual challenge. On the one hand, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) is imposing increasingly stringent requirements on ship energy efficiency indices and emissions of pollutants such as sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides. Traditional ship energy systems, which are mainly powered by diesel generators, are no longer able to meet the requirements for compliant operation due to their high pollution emissions and low energy utilization efficiency. On the other hand, the fluctuating and rising prices of ship fuel and the increasing scarcity of fuel resources have led to a continuous increase in the fuel operating costs of traditional ships. The industry urgently needs to optimize its energy systems to reduce costs and increase efficiency. Against this backdrop, integrated ship energy systems that can integrate multiple energy sources and achieve energy cascade utilization have become the core research direction for solving the above problems.

[0003] However, existing integrated ship energy systems still face numerous technical challenges in practical application, hindering their effectiveness and hindering their implementation. First, the coordinated use of multiple energy sources is insufficient, failing to meet the diverse load demands of ships. Existing systems often focus on supplying a single energy source (such as diesel) or a single load (such as electricity), without considering the simultaneous electricity, heat, and cooling load demands during ship navigation. This lack of a coordinated supply mechanism for multiple energy sources, such as diesel, natural gas, and solar energy, leads to energy waste and insufficient load supply. Second, existing technologies often blindly follow trends in configuring renewable energy sources like photovoltaics, without considering the actual conditions such as sunlight conditions along the ship's route and the available deck space. This results in photovoltaic systems either being insufficient in output and unable to provide auxiliary power, or being over-configured and increasing ineffective investment. Consequently, these systems fail to reduce fossil fuel consumption or achieve emission reduction targets. At present, a ship integrated energy coordinated planning method and system based on multiple data constraints is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem of wasted energy resources caused by insufficient multi-energy coordination in traditional ship integrated energy systems, this invention provides a ship integrated energy coordination planning method and system based on multiple data constraints.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a ship integrated energy collaborative planning method based on multiple data constraints, which adopts the following technical solution: A method for integrated energy collaborative planning of ships based on multiple data constraints includes: S1. Obtain basic data on the ship's comprehensive energy, including ship characteristic data, equipment parameter data, load demand data, and environmental and economic data; S2. Construct a core equipment association model using basic data as input, including calculating the output power of each core equipment and determining the energy connection relationship between equipment based on the output power of each core equipment. S3. Establish constraints based on the core equipment association model, including equipment characteristic constraints, energy conservation constraints, and load interruption constraints; S4. Construct an objective function based on the constraints, with the goal of minimizing the total annual cost, which includes investment and construction costs, operating costs, maintenance costs, and interruption costs. S5. Combine the objective function to select the optimal equipment configuration scheme, including using an algorithm that combines linear programming with enumeration search to perform multi-scheme simulation verification; S6. Based on the optimal equipment configuration scheme, add a comparison scheme without photovoltaic configuration, quantitatively analyze the impact of photovoltaic configuration, and output the final configuration result.

[0006] Furthermore, the calculation of the output power of each core device includes, based on the power balance principle and combined with the rated power, stator core loss rate, and stator copper loss rate of the diesel generator in the basic data, first determining the correlation between the input mechanical power and electromagnetic power of the prime mover, and then deriving the actual output power of the generator through the electromagnetic power. The input mechanical power of the prime mover must cover mechanical losses, stator core losses, and electromagnetic power, and the electromagnetic power must cover the generator output power and stator copper loss. The specific calculation formula is as follows: ; ; in, The mechanical power input from the prime mover to the generator. For stator core loss, Electromagnetic power, For stator copper loss, The output power of the generator. This refers to the mechanical losses of the diesel generator.

[0007] Furthermore, the calculation of the output power of each core device includes first calculating the gas turbine's output electrical energy and the waste heat of the outlet flue gas based on the fuel calorific value conversion principle, combined with the lower calorific value of natural gas, the rated electrical efficiency of the gas turbine, and the heat loss rate in the basic data; then, based on the waste heat recovery efficiency, combined with the rated efficiency of the waste heat boiler and the rated refrigeration performance coefficient of the absorption chiller in the basic data, calculating the waste heat boiler's output heat and the absorption chiller's output cooling capacity respectively. The calculation formula for the gas turbine's output electrical energy and the waste heat of the outlet flue gas is as follows: ; ; ; in, The waste heat carried by the flue gas at the gas turbine outlet. This is the rated thermal efficiency of the gas turbine. The heat obtained by a gas turbine burning natural gas. This refers to the rated electrical efficiency of the gas turbine. The output power of the gas turbine, This refers to the consumption rate of natural gas used as fuel in gas turbines. Due to the low calorific value of natural gas, This represents the heat loss rate of the gas turbine.

[0008] Furthermore, the calculation of the output power of each core device also includes calculating the output power of the photovoltaic system. Based on the photoelectric effect principle and combined with basic data to obtain solar radiation illuminance, photoelectric conversion efficiency, and shading loss rate, the actual output power of the photovoltaic system in the actual navigation environment is calculated in combination with the lighting characteristics of the ship's navigation route. The specific calculation formula is as follows: ; in, This represents the actual output power of the photovoltaic system. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of a photovoltaic system. This represents the current solar radiation illuminance in the environment. For the configuration area of ​​the photovoltaic system, The shading loss rate of the photovoltaic system.

[0009] Furthermore, determining the energy connection relationship between equipment based on the output power of each core device includes allocating the waste heat from the flue gas generated by the gas turbine to the waste heat boiler and absorption chiller according to the heat and cold load gap ratio; prioritizing the output power of the diesel generator to meet the core electrical load; using the remaining power to drive the electric boiler and electric chiller; and finally, prioritizing the heat output of the waste heat boiler to cover the heat load, with the electric boiler supplementing any shortfall; prioritizing the cooling output of the absorption chiller to cover the cooling load, with the electric chiller supplementing any shortfall. The formula for calculating the output heat power of the electric boiler is as follows: ; in, , These are the output power and power consumption of the electric boiler, respectively. For the electrothermal conversion efficiency of electric boilers, This represents the heat loss rate of the electric boiler.

[0010] Furthermore, the energy conservation constraint includes the energy connection relationship between devices based on the core equipment association model, and constructs electric power balance equations, thermal power balance equations, and cold power balance equations according to energy type. The electric power balance equation is expressed as: ; in, Let t be the ship's basic electrical load power. Let be the charging power of the battery at time t. Let t be the power consumption of the electric boiler. Let t be the power consumption of the electric chiller. Let t be the output electrical power of the diesel generator. Let t be the power output of the gas turbine. Let be the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t. Let t be the discharge power of the battery at time t.

[0011] Furthermore, the load interruption constraint includes, based on the connection relationship between load and equipment in the core equipment association model, classifying the load nodes of the ship's integrated energy system into energy hub nodes and non-energy hub nodes; combining the necessity of loads for ship operation in the core equipment association model, classifying the importance of k-type loads for energy hub nodes and non-energy hub nodes; determining the maximum allowable reduction ratio of k-type loads for each node; and based on the node classification and importance classification results, setting reduction thresholds for k-type loads for energy hub nodes and non-energy hub nodes respectively. The load reduction limits for energy hub nodes and non-energy hub nodes respectively satisfy the following: ; ; in, This represents the actual reduction in type k load at node b at time t. This indicates the maximum allowable reduction ratio for type k load at node b. This represents the actual usage of type k load at node b at time t. This represents the rated power demand of type k load at node b at time t.

[0012] Furthermore, the objective function constructed based on constraints with the goal of minimizing the total annual cost includes decomposing the total annual cost into investment and construction costs, operating costs, maintenance costs, and interruption costs. The investment and construction costs are calculated by discounting the initial equipment investment using a capital recovery factor; the operating costs are calculated based on fuel consumption and unit price; the maintenance costs are calculated based on actual equipment output and unit maintenance costs; and the interruption costs are calculated based on load reduction and unit interruption loss costs. The objective function is expressed as follows: ; in, The average annual investment and construction cost, Annual operating costs, Annual maintenance cost, Annual interruption costs.

[0013] Furthermore, the step of selecting the optimal equipment configuration scheme by combining the objective function includes constructing a linear programming model using the YALMIP modeling tool, transforming the core equipment output power calculation formula and constraints into linear equations, using the minimum annual operating cost as a sub-objective, calling the CPLEX solver to solve for the optimal operating strategy under a given equipment capacity, then setting a range of candidate quantities according to equipment type to generate multiple sets of equipment configuration schemes, repeating the linear programming solution for each set of schemes to obtain the total annual cost of each scheme, and selecting the scheme that satisfies the constraints and has the minimum total annual cost. The objective function of the linear programming model is: ; in, To perform cumulative calculations over the entire year, t represents the time step, in hours. Let be the diesel consumption of the diesel generator in hour t. This refers to the natural gas consumption of the CCHP system per unit time. , For oil and gas prices, For time step.

[0014] Secondly, a ship integrated energy collaborative planning system based on multiple data constraints includes: The data acquisition module is configured to acquire basic data on the ship's comprehensive energy, including ship characteristic data, equipment parameter data, load demand data, and environmental and economic data. The model module is configured to: construct a core device association model using basic data as input, including calculating the output power of each core device and determining the energy connection relationship between devices based on the output power of each core device; The constraint module is configured to: establish constraint conditions based on the core equipment association model, including equipment characteristic constraints, energy conservation constraints, and load interruption constraints; The optimization module is configured to: construct an objective function based on constraints, with the goal of minimizing the total annual cost, which includes investment and construction costs, operating costs, maintenance costs, and interruption costs; The conversion module is configured to: combine the objective function to select the optimal equipment configuration scheme, including using an algorithm combining linear programming and enumeration search to perform multi-scheme simulation verification; The output module is configured to: add a comparison scheme without photovoltaic configuration based on the optimal equipment configuration scheme, quantitatively analyze the impact of photovoltaic configuration, and output the final configuration result.

[0015] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This invention constructs a core equipment association model by using basic data of ship integrated energy as input, clarifies the output power of each core equipment and determines the energy connection relationship between the equipment, prioritizes the use of waste heat generated by gas turbine power generation to drive waste heat boiler heating and absorption refrigeration, and combines photovoltaic system to supplement the power supply, realizes the cascade utilization of fuel energy, electricity, waste heat, and thermal / cold energy, effectively avoids the waste of low-grade energy and the excessive consumption of high-grade energy, and significantly improves the overall energy utilization efficiency of ship integrated energy system.

[0016] 2. This invention establishes equipment characteristic constraints, energy conservation constraints, and load interruption constraints based on the core equipment association model. Among them, the equipment characteristic constraints limit the safe operation boundary of the equipment, the energy conservation constraints ensure the matching of supply and demand of various types of energy, and the load interruption constraints control the risk of load reduction under extreme operating conditions. The multi-level constraints work together to effectively avoid problems such as equipment overload, energy imbalance, and core load interruption, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the ship's integrated energy system.

[0017] 3. This invention constructs an objective function that minimizes the total annual cost, including investment and construction costs, operating costs, maintenance costs, and interruption costs, based on constraints. It then uses linear programming combined with an enumeration search algorithm to conduct multi-scheme simulation verification, selecting the equipment configuration scheme with the best economic performance throughout the entire life cycle. This avoids one-sided planning that only focuses on initial investment or single costs, significantly reducing ship operating costs and improving the overall economic efficiency of the system.

[0018] 4. This invention uses basic data such as ship characteristics, load demand, environment and economy as the driving force, and combines the addition of a comparison scheme without photovoltaic configuration to quantify the applicable boundary of photovoltaic. Different ship types or navigation scenarios can flexibly adapt to the planning scheme by adjusting the basic data, without the need to redesign the core algorithm, which significantly improves the versatility and practicality of the technical solution and reduces the cost of promotion and application. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of a ship integrated energy collaborative planning method based on multiple data constraints according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the integrated ship energy system architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Example 1 Reference Figure 1 This embodiment of a ship integrated energy collaborative planning method based on multiple data constraints includes: S1. Obtain basic data on the ship's comprehensive energy, including ship characteristic data, equipment parameter data, load demand data, and environmental and economic data; S2. Construct a core equipment association model using basic data as input, including calculating the output power of each core equipment and determining the energy connection relationship between equipment based on the output power of each core equipment. S3. Establish constraints based on the core equipment association model, including equipment characteristic constraints, energy conservation constraints, and load interruption constraints; S4. Construct an objective function based on the constraints, with the goal of minimizing the total annual cost, which includes investment and construction costs, operating costs, maintenance costs, and interruption costs. S5. Combine the objective function to select the optimal equipment configuration scheme, including using an algorithm that combines linear programming with enumeration search to perform multi-scheme simulation verification; S6. Based on the optimal equipment configuration scheme, add a comparison scheme without photovoltaic configuration, quantitatively analyze the impact of photovoltaic configuration, and output the final configuration result.

[0023] Specifically, a ship integrated energy collaborative planning method based on multiple data constraints includes the following: S1. Obtain basic data on the ship's comprehensive energy, including ship characteristic data, equipment parameter data, load demand data, and environmental and economic data; like Figure 1 As shown, four types of core data are obtained. The first step is to obtain ship characteristic data by consulting ship construction files, operation manuals, and using ship 3D modeling software. Specifically, this includes physical characteristic data such as the ship's gross tonnage, length, beam, usable deck area, and engine room and energy storage tank volume; operational characteristic data such as design speed, maximum range, average daily sailing time, and regular sailing routes; and carrying capacity or cargo capacity, number and distribution of core facilities, etc., to ensure that the data matches the actual structure and operational requirements of the ship.

[0024] The second step involves extracting parameters from the technical specifications and type test reports provided by the equipment manufacturers, and combining this with on-site testing to obtain equipment parameter data. For core equipment such as diesel generators, gas turbines, waste heat boilers, absorption chillers, electric boilers, electric chillers, photovoltaic systems, and energy storage devices, technical parameters such as rated power or capacity, minimum and maximum output, conversion efficiency, loss rate, and dynamic response rate are collected. Simultaneously, by referring to industry price databases and equipment operation and maintenance records, economic parameters such as unit investment cost, unit maintenance cost, and design service life are determined.

[0025] The third step involves deploying a distributed sensing and monitoring system and combining it with load statistical analysis algorithms to acquire load demand data. Intelligent power monitoring terminals are installed at the ship's power distribution nodes, and temperature and flow sensors are installed on thermal and cooling pipelines to continuously collect electrical load, heat load, and cooling load data. The electrical load includes real-time power, peak and valley power, and fluctuation patterns for propulsion systems, lighting, air conditioning, refrigeration, galleys, and auxiliary equipment power. The heat load includes real-time power and time-of-day demand characteristics for domestic hot water supply, equipment heat tracing, and winter heating. The cooling load includes real-time power and diurnal and seasonal fluctuations for cabin air conditioning, refrigerated compartment cooling, and process cooling.

[0026] The fourth step involves retrieving climate reports from meteorological departments and industry economic data to obtain environmental and economic data. Environmental data such as solar radiation, ambient temperature, and wind speed are obtained from meteorological agencies in the regular navigation areas, and quarterly averages and fluctuation ranges are calculated. Fuel unit prices and electricity costs are determined by referring to international fuel price indices, domestic natural gas procurement platform prices, and shore power charges. Based on historical ship operation failure records and industry economic evaluation standards, the unit loss cost of load interruption is calculated, and an industry benchmark discount rate is set. All data are integrated and stored after standardization processing and cross-verification.

[0027] S2. Construct a core equipment association model using basic data as input, including calculating the output power of each core equipment and determining the energy connection relationship between equipment based on the output power of each core equipment. Using the equipment parameter data (rated efficiency, loss rate, fuel characteristic parameters, etc. of each core device) and environmental data (solar radiation irradiance in the navigation area, etc.) obtained in step S1 as input, the output power of the four types of core equipment—diesel generators, gas turbines and related waste heat recovery equipment, photovoltaic systems, and electric boilers—is derived using corresponding physical principles and calculation formulas to ensure that the calculation results closely match the actual operating characteristics of the equipment and the ship's navigation environment. Using the power balance principle, the rated power, stator core loss rate, stator copper loss rate, and mechanical loss rate of the diesel generator are first extracted from the equipment parameter data obtained in step S1. Based on the above parameters, the values ​​of each loss item are calculated, including the mechanical loss. Stator core loss is calculated based on rated power multiplied by mechanical loss rate. Calculated based on rated power × stator core loss rate, stator copper loss... Calculated by rated power × stator copper loss rate; then using the formula... Establish the input mechanical power of the prime mover With electromagnetic power The correlation is clarified, ensuring that the mechanical power input to the prime mover simultaneously covers mechanical losses, stator core losses, and electromagnetic power, guaranteeing that all loss items are included in the calculation during energy transfer; finally, the formula is used... Derivation of the actual output power of the generator ,in, The mechanical power input from the prime mover to the generator. For stator core loss, Electromagnetic power, For stator copper loss, The output power of the generator. The mechanical losses of the diesel generator, i.e., the electromagnetic power, need to cover the generator's final output power and stator copper losses, and this needs to be verified during calculation. If the output is outside the range of minimum and maximum output of the diesel generator obtained in step S1, adjust the input mechanical power of the prime mover. until It meets the equipment output boundary requirements.

[0028] Next, the output power of the gas turbine and associated waste heat recovery equipment is calculated. Based on the principle of fuel calorific value conversion, the low calorific value of natural gas is first extracted from the equipment parameter data and environmental economic data obtained in step S1. Rated electrical efficiency of gas turbine Rated thermal efficiency Heat loss rate and the consumption rate of natural gas fuel used in gas turbines Through formula Calculate the total heat obtained by a gas turbine burning natural gas. This heat serves as the basis for subsequent calculations of electrical energy and waste heat; then, through the formula... Calculate the output power of the gas turbine That is, the total heat is converted into electrical energy according to the rated electrical efficiency; then, through the formula: ; Calculate the waste heat carried by the flue gas at the gas turbine outlet. ,in The proportion of waste heat from flue gas to total heat. The waste heat carried by the flue gas at the gas turbine outlet. This is the rated thermal efficiency of the gas turbine. The heat obtained by a gas turbine burning natural gas. This refers to the rated electrical efficiency of the gas turbine. The output power of the gas turbine, This refers to the consumption rate of natural gas used as fuel in gas turbines. Due to the low calorific value of natural gas, The heat loss rate of the gas turbine is the heat consumption corresponding to the rated thermal efficiency and the heat loss corresponding to the heat loss rate. The remaining heat is the recoverable waste heat of the flue gas. Subsequently, based on the waste heat recovery efficiency, the rated efficiency of the waste heat boiler and the rated cooling performance coefficient of the absorption chiller are extracted from the equipment parameter data in step S1. The output heat of the waste heat boiler and the output cooling capacity of the absorption chiller are calculated respectively. The output heat of the waste heat boiler is calculated as: waste heat of flue gas allocated to the waste heat boiler × rated efficiency of the waste heat boiler. The expression is: ; in, This refers to the heat output (kW) of the waste heat boiler under operating conditions. This refers to the rated operating efficiency of the waste heat boiler. The input heat (kW) of the waste heat boiler under operating conditions is used as the basis for calculating the output cooling capacity of the absorption chiller, which is calculated by multiplying the waste heat of the flue gas allocated to the absorption chiller by the rated cooling performance coefficient of the absorption chiller. This ensures that the waste heat resources are efficiently converted into thermal and cooling energy. The expression is as follows: ; in, This refers to the output cooling capacity (kW) of the absorption chiller unit. The rated performance coefficient of the absorption chiller unit (taken as 1.692). The amount of heat (kW) required to cool an absorption chiller unit.

[0029] Photovoltaic system output power calculation: Based on the photoelectric effect principle, the solar radiation illuminance of the ship's navigation route is extracted from the environmental data obtained in step S1. (Including real-time radiation values ​​for different seasons and day / night), extract the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic system from the equipment parameter data. shading loss rate (Considering the shading of photovoltaic modules by the ship's superstructure), and combining this with the usable deck area from the ship's characteristic data in step S1, the configuration area of ​​the photovoltaic system is determined. Through the formula: ; in, This represents the actual output power of the photovoltaic system. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of a photovoltaic system. This represents the current solar radiation illuminance in the environment. For the configuration area of ​​the photovoltaic system, Given the shading loss rate of the photovoltaic system, calculate the actual output power of the photovoltaic system. ,in The theoretical output power of the photovoltaic system under unshaded conditions, multiplied by The actual output power is obtained by subtracting the power loss caused by shading; the calculation process needs to take into account the lighting characteristics of the ship's navigation route and adjust the solar radiation intensity according to the season and time of day. The values ​​are set to ensure that the output power calculation results conform to the actual lighting conditions under different navigation environments.

[0030] Finally, the output power of the electric boiler is calculated, and the electrothermal conversion efficiency of the electric boiler is extracted from the equipment parameter data in step S1. With heat loss rate Combined with the power consumption of the electric boiler determined in the subsequent energy allocation process Through the formula: ; in, , These are the output power and power consumption of the electric boiler, respectively. For the electrothermal conversion efficiency of electric boilers, Calculate the output thermal power of the electric boiler, given its heat loss rate. ,in The theoretical power of the electric boiler in converting electrical energy into heat energy, multiplied by After deducting the heat loss during the heat transfer process, the actual usable output heat power is obtained, which is used to supplement the heat load demand that the waste heat boiler cannot meet.

[0031] Determining the energy connection relationship between equipment Based on the calculation results of the output power of each core device, and combined with the load demand data obtained in step S1 (including the rated demand power and real-time fluctuation values ​​of the three types of loads: electricity, heat, and cooling), the energy connection relationship between the devices is determined in three steps according to the technical principles of prioritizing waste heat utilization, prioritizing core load protection, and starting supplementary equipment as needed, thus forming a complete energy transfer link: First, the waste heat from the gas turbine flue gas is allocated. The current heat load gap and cooling load gap are calculated. The heat load gap is the total heat load demand minus the theoretical maximum heat output of the waste heat boiler (calculated based on all waste heat from the flue gas). The cooling load gap is the total cooling load demand minus the theoretical maximum cooling output of the absorption chiller (calculated based on all waste heat from the flue gas). The waste heat from the gas turbine flue gas is then allocated according to the ratio of the heat load gap to the cooling load gap. The proportional calculation logic is that "the proportion of a certain type of load gap to the total gap is the waste heat allocation ratio corresponding to that type of load", ensuring that waste heat resources are given priority to fill the load demand with larger gaps. After allocation, the waste heat of flue gas input to the waste heat boiler and absorption chiller are determined respectively, and the actual output power of the two types of equipment (heat output of waste heat boiler and cooling output of absorption chiller) is recalculated.

[0032] Secondly, allocate electrical energy resources and aggregate the output power of diesel generators. Gas turbine output power With photovoltaic system output power The total power supply of the system is obtained. Priority is given to allocating this total power supply to the ship's core electrical loads (such as propulsion systems, navigation equipment, and cargo hold refrigeration equipment). The specific power of these core electrical loads is extracted from the load demand data in step S1. Once the core electrical loads are satisfied, the remaining power is allocated according to the order of "heat load priority, cold load supplementation." First, the current heat load shortfall is calculated (total heat load demand minus the actual heat output of the waste heat boiler). Then, the required power consumption of the electric boiler is calculated using the electric boiler output power formula. The corresponding power is allocated from the surplus electrical energy to the electric boiler. After the power demand of the electric boiler is met, the current cooling load gap is calculated (total cooling load demand minus the actual output cooling capacity of the absorption chiller). Based on the rated cooling coefficient of the electric chiller in the equipment parameter data of step S1, the required power consumption of the electric chiller is calculated (power consumption of electric chiller = cooling load gap ÷ rated cooling coefficient of electric chiller). The corresponding power is allocated from the surplus electrical energy to the electric chiller. If there is still surplus electrical energy, it is input into the battery for energy storage to supplement the power during subsequent load fluctuations.

[0033] Next, the heat and cold energy supply and demand links are integrated. The total heat output of the waste heat boiler and the heat output of the electric boiler are summed to obtain the total system heat supply. This total heat supply is used entirely to cover the total heat load demand. If a small shortfall still exists (due to real-time load fluctuations), it is supplemented by fine-tuning the power consumption of the electric boiler. Similarly, the total cooling output of the absorption chiller and the cooling output of the electric chiller (electric chiller output cooling output = electric chiller power consumption × electric chiller rated cooling coefficient) are summed to obtain the total system cooling output. This total cooling output is used entirely to cover the total cooling load demand. If a shortfall exists, it is supplemented by fine-tuning the power consumption of the electric chiller. Finally, the following links are established: waste heat utilization link from gas turbine to waste heat boiler / absorption chiller; power distribution link from diesel generator / gas turbine / photovoltaic system to core electrical load / electric boiler / electric chiller / battery; and heat and cold energy supply link from waste heat boiler / electric boiler to heat load and from absorption chiller / electric chiller to cooling load. This completes the construction of the core equipment association model, which clearly reflects the output characteristics of each core device and the energy transfer logic between devices.

[0034] S3. Establish constraints based on the core equipment association model, including equipment characteristic constraints, energy conservation constraints, and load interruption constraints; like Figure 2As shown, the system operation constraints described in this step are set based on the core equipment correlation model of the ship's integrated energy system established in the first step. These constraints limit the feasible operating range of each piece of equipment and the entire system, ensuring that subsequent system planning and optimization are carried out within the limits allowed by physical laws and engineering practice. The three major constraints—equipment characteristic constraints, energy conservation constraints, and load interruption constraints—exhibit a progressive and mutually supportive relationship. Equipment characteristic constraints are fundamental, defining the individual operating boundaries of each piece of equipment and serving as a prerequisite for establishing subsequent constraints. Energy conservation constraints are core, ensuring the energy supply and demand balance of the entire system and achieving coordinated operation between equipment, based on equipment characteristic constraints. Load interruption constraints are supplementary, providing a safety guarantee for the stable operation of the system under extreme conditions, serving as a fallback and improvement upon the first two constraints.

[0035] 1. Equipment characteristic constraints are based on the rated parameters of each piece of equipment in the first step (such as rated power, efficiency, response speed, etc.) to limit the operating range of a single piece of equipment, ensuring that the equipment works in a safe and efficient state. The constraints present a progressive relationship of basic parameter constraints, dynamic characteristic constraints, and special equipment constraints.

[0036] In the planning of integrated marine energy systems, equipment characteristic constraints are essential considerations. Different types of energy equipment (such as diesel generators, batteries, and solar panels) have unique characteristics and limitations, including power output, efficiency, weight, size, reliability, and cost. These characteristics and limitations must be taken into account when designing integrated marine energy systems to ensure that the ship meets operational requirements and achieves optimal energy utilization and allocation within cost and space constraints. Therefore, understanding and considering equipment characteristic constraints can help in planning more scientific and feasible integrated marine energy system design schemes. (1) Basic parameter constraints Basic parameter constraints are the most fundamental constraints among equipment characteristic constraints. They are directly derived from the rated parameters in the first step of the equipment model and set the most basic boundaries for the operation of the equipment. They mainly include output upper and lower constraints and efficiency range constraints.

[0037] Unit output upper and lower limit constraints: Based on navigation conditions and load changes, ships need to adjust generator output in a timely manner to meet power demands. Setting upper and lower limits for generator output can ensure that the generator operates within a controllable range and prevent situations of energy shortage or waste. ; in, , These are the lower and upper limits of the active power output of diesel generator set No. i, respectively. , These represent the lower and upper limits of the active power output of gas turbine j.

[0038] Efficiency range constraints: Firstly, there are constraints on electric boilers. In order to improve energy efficiency and reduce energy consumption, the design, installation, and use of electric boilers usually take into account their operational efficiency constraints in order to maximize energy efficiency and economic benefits. ; ; in, This refers to the electrothermal conversion efficiency.

[0039] Electric chiller unit constraints: To ensure that the electric chiller unit achieves optimal performance and efficiency during operation, and to avoid equipment damage or safety jeopardization, operating constraints must be considered. Furthermore, reasonable operating constraints can reduce energy consumption, lower maintenance costs, and extend equipment life. ; ; in, Energy efficiency ratio.

[0040] (2) Dynamic characteristic constraints Dynamic characteristic constraints, based on basic parameter constraints, take into account the dynamic changes during equipment operation and further limit the operating state of the equipment. The unit ramp / slippage constraints are based on the dynamic response parameters of the equipment model in the first step to prevent the unit output from changing too quickly, which would affect the equipment life and system stability.

[0041] Generator unit climb / slippage constraints: When planning a ship's integrated energy system, the impact of generator unit location on the ship's dynamic performance and reliability must be considered, and a reasonable arrangement must be made based on the ship's structure and characteristics. Simultaneously, factors such as generator unit power output and voltage levels must also be considered to ensure the stable operation of the ship's system. ; in, and These are the maximum slope-crossing capacity and maximum climbing capacity of generator unit i per hour, respectively, and M is the total number of generator units in the system. The active power output of unit i at time t; It is a 0-1 state variable, where 1 indicates that the unit is running and 0 indicates that it is shut down; Minimum technical output for unit i.

[0042] (3) Special equipment constraints Special equipment constraints are constraints specifically designed for equipment with unique operating characteristics, such as energy storage devices. These constraints are established on top of basic parameter constraints and dynamic characteristic constraints. The parameters and control logic for energy storage device constraints are determined based on the energy storage device model established in the first step.

[0043] Energy storage device constraints: In practical operation, the capacity of energy storage devices is limited and cannot be increased indefinitely, while excessive reduction will also affect the reliability of the system. Therefore, the upper and lower limits of energy storage device constraints must be considered to ensure the reliability, economy, and safety of the system.

[0044] ; ; in, , These are the upper and lower limits of the storage power of the type i energy storage device; , These represent the upper and lower limits of the release power of the type i energy storage device. It is a 0-1 variable; when the energy storage device is in energy storage mode, =1, otherwise =0; The variable is 0-1; when the energy storage device is in the energy release state, =1, otherwise =0.

[0045] 2. Energy Conservation Constraints: Based on the constraints imposed by equipment characteristics that limit the operating range of each device, and in accordance with the law of conservation of energy, energy conservation constraints ensure that the supply and demand of electrical, thermal, and cooling energy in the entire ship's integrated energy system remain balanced. These constraints are the core constraints for achieving coordinated operation of all equipment. The following constraints are presented sequentially according to energy type and are interconnected, working together to maintain the system's energy balance.

[0046] (1) Power balance: The power balance constraint is crucial for ensuring the balance between power supply and demand in the system. All parameters in its calculation formula are derived from the output of the equipment model in the first step. This constraint ensures that the electrical energy generated by the power generation equipment can meet the ship's power needs, including power, lighting, and equipment power consumption. The output power of the power generation equipment is calculated based on the model of each power generation equipment in the first step, while the electrical load is the ship's electrical load parameter specified in the first step.

[0047] Shipboard electrical systems typically consist of multiple energy sources. Failure to consider power balance constraints in design and operation can lead to grid frequency fluctuations or voltage instability, affecting the safe operation of shipboard equipment. Conversely, ensuring coordination between different energy sources guarantees a stable and reliable power supply, maximizes the use of renewable energy, and reduces energy consumption.

[0048] ; in, Let t be the ship's basic electrical load power. Let be the charging power of the battery at time t. Let t be the power consumption of the electric boiler. Let t be the power consumption of the electric chiller. Let t be the output electrical power of the diesel generator. Let t be the power output of the gas turbine. Let be the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t. Let t be the discharge power of the battery at time t.

[0049] Thermal power balance: Thermal power balance constraints ensure the supply and demand balance of system thermal energy, relying on the energy conversion relationship of the equipment in the first step. The output thermal energy of the waste heat boiler is based on its correlation model with the gas turbine in the first step, that is, it is generated by utilizing the waste heat of the gas turbine. The output thermal energy of the electric boiler is calculated according to its equipment model. The heat load is the ship's heat load parameters determined in the first step, such as hot water and heating demand.

[0050] To ensure the efficient and stable operation of the system, the thermal power input and output between the various components (such as engines and generators) in the system must be in a balanced state to avoid problems such as reduced system energy utilization efficiency and shortened lifespan due to overload or underload of a certain component. ; in, Let t be the system heat load at time t.

[0051] Cooling power balance: Cooling power balance constraints ensure the supply and demand balance of cooling energy in the system, also based on the equipment model and energy conversion relationship in the first step. Absorption chillers utilize the waste heat of gas turbines to generate cooling energy, and their output cooling energy is calculated based on the model in the first step. The output cooling energy of electric chillers is also determined according to their equipment model. The cooling load is the ship's cooling load parameter specified in the first step, such as air conditioning and refrigeration requirements.

[0052] Cold power balance is a crucial aspect of the interactions and influences among various energy systems on a ship. Imbalance can lead to problems such as system inefficiency, increased energy consumption, and shortened equipment lifespan. Therefore, it is essential to strictly adhere to cold power balance constraints to ensure the stable and efficient operation of the system. ; in, Let t be the system's cooling load at time t.

[0053] 3. Load interruption constraints Load interruption constraints are safety thresholds set on the basis of equipment characteristic constraints and energy conservation constraints to cope with extreme situations (such as equipment failure, sudden load increase, etc.). They ensure that the system will not collapse due to excessive load interruption and are the last guarantee for stable system operation. In order to ensure that the system can operate stably under various operating conditions and improve the system's safety and reliability, it avoids situations such as overload or failure, or even system collapse. The load-equipment connection relationship is extracted from the core equipment association model in step S2. The load nodes of the ship's integrated energy system are divided into energy hub nodes and non-energy hub nodes. Energy hub nodes are load nodes directly related to the core operation of the ship (such as propulsion system power distribution nodes, navigation equipment power supply nodes, and main refrigeration tank cooling nodes). Non-energy hub nodes are load nodes that serve auxiliary functions (such as secondary lighting nodes in crew cabins, air conditioning nodes in leisure areas, and refrigeration nodes in non-essential storage compartments). Based on the necessity of the load for ship operation in the load demand data in step S1, the k-type loads (k=e for electrical load, h for heat load, and c for cold load) of the two types of nodes are classified by importance: the electrical load and cold load (main refrigeration tank) of the energy hub node are first-level important loads (no significant reduction is allowed), and the heat load (equipment heat tracing) of the energy hub node are second-level important loads (minor reduction is allowed). The electrical load (secondary lighting) and cold load (air conditioning in leisure areas) of the non-energy hub node are third-level important loads (moderate reduction is allowed), and the heat load (secondary domestic hot water) of the non-energy hub node are fourth-level important loads (larger reduction is allowed).

[0054] Based on the above classification results, and combined with the load redundancy characteristics in the core equipment association model in step S2, the maximum allowable reduction ratio of load type k for each node is determined. For energy hub nodes, constraint equations are constructed based on the actual load usage in the core equipment association model of step S2. Energy Hub Node: ; Non-energy hub nodes: ; in, This represents the actual reduction in type k load at node b at time t. This indicates the maximum allowable reduction ratio for type k load at node b. This represents the actual usage of type k load at node b at time t. This represents the rated power demand of type k load at node b at time t.

[0055] S4. Construct an objective function based on the constraints, with the goal of minimizing the total annual cost, which includes investment and construction costs, operating costs, maintenance costs, and interruption costs. Using the equipment characteristic constraints, energy conservation constraints, and load interruption constraints established in step S3 as optimization boundaries, and the economic data obtained in step S1 (equipment unit investment cost, fuel unit price, unit maintenance cost, etc.) and the output parameters of the core equipment association model in step S2 (equipment output, fuel consumption, load reduction, etc.) as calculation basis, a function with the goal of minimizing the total annual cost is constructed according to the progressive logic of cost item decomposition, single cost item calculation, and objective function integration.

[0056] The total annual cost includes investment and construction costs. Operating costs Maintenance costs and interruption costs Four categories, expressed as follows: ; in, The average annual investment and construction cost, Annual operating costs, Annual maintenance cost, Annual interruption costs.

[0057] Average annual investment and construction cost Calculation: The investment and construction cost is the average annual cost after discounting the initial investment in the equipment. A capital recovery factor is used to amortize the one-time investment over the equipment's service life. The capital recovery factor is calculated based on the industry benchmark discount rate r (8%) obtained in step S1 and the equipment's design service life y (15 years for diesel generators and gas turbines, 20 years for waste heat boilers, 25 years for photovoltaic systems, and 10 years for electric boilers and electric chillers). The formula is as follows: ,in, The discount rate is... For the equipment's service life, the initial investment is calculated separately for each equipment type covered by the core equipment association model in step S2 (diesel generator, gas turbine, waste heat boiler, absorption chiller, electric boiler, electric chiller, photovoltaic system, battery, and thermal storage tank). The initial investment for a single type of equipment = unit investment cost of equipment × minimum planning unit power of equipment × number of planning units. The unit investment cost of equipment (e.g., 8000 yuan / kW for diesel generator, 12000 yuan / kW for gas turbine, and 5000 yuan / m² for photovoltaic system) is taken from the equipment parameter data in step S1. The minimum planning unit power of equipment (e.g., 9960kW / unit for diesel generator and 10000kW / unit for gas turbine) and the number of planning units are variables to be optimized (to be determined in subsequent step S5). For example, if two diesel generators (12000kW each) are planned, the initial investment for the diesel generators would be 8000 yuan / kW × 12000kW × 2 = 192 million yuan. Combining this with the capital recovery factor (discount rate 8%, lifespan 15 years, calculated to be approximately 0.1168), the average annual investment cost would be 192 million yuan × 0.1168 ≈ 22.4256 million yuan. Similarly, the average annual investment cost for other equipment would be calculated, and the total average annual investment and construction cost would be obtained by summing these figures. .

[0058] Operating costs Calculation: The operating cost is the total annual fuel consumption cost of the system, calculated based on the correlation between equipment output and fuel consumption in step S3's energy conservation constraints. The core fuels are diesel (for diesel generators) and natural gas (for gas turbines). The calculation formula is as follows: ; in, To perform cumulative calculations over the entire year, t represents the time step, in hours. Let be the diesel consumption of the diesel generator in hour t. This refers to the natural gas consumption of the CCHP system per unit time. , For oil and gas prices, For the time step, the calculation is based on the output and fuel consumption rate relationship in the diesel generator model in step S2. For example, if the diesel generator output is 10000kW and the fuel consumption rate is 200g / kWh, then... .

[0059] Annual maintenance costs Calculation: Maintenance cost is the total annual maintenance expenditure of all core equipment, and it is positively correlated with the actual output of the equipment. The calculation formula is: ; in , , , , , , , , , , The unit maintenance costs are for diesel generator sets, propulsion systems, kinetic energy recovery systems, gas turbines, waste heat boilers, absorption chillers, electric chillers, photovoltaic systems, electric boilers, batteries, and thermal storage tanks, respectively. , , , , , , , , , , They are respectively t The electrical power of the diesel generator set, the electrical power of the propulsion system, the electrical power of the kinetic energy recovery system, the electrical power of the gas turbine, the thermal power of the waste heat boiler, the cooling power of the absorption chiller, the cooling power of the electric chiller, the electrical power of the photovoltaic system, the thermal power of the electric boiler, the electrical power of the battery, and the thermal power of the heat storage tank are measured at all times.

[0060] Annual interruption cost Calculation: The interruption cost is the average annual expected economic loss caused by load reduction under extreme operating conditions. It is calculated based on the load reduction amount set by the load interruption constraint in step S3. The calculation formula is as follows: ; in, It is a set of non-energy hub nodes; For the load type of the energy hub node, These represent electrical, cooling, and heating loads, respectively. For load types that are not energy hub nodes, Indicates electrical load; For node b in The unit interruption cost of form k load at time t in the scenario; For node b in The amount of load reduction in form k at time t in the scenario.

[0061] S5. Combine the objective function to select the optimal equipment configuration scheme, including using an algorithm that combines linear programming with enumeration search to perform multi-scheme simulation verification; A linear programming model is constructed using the YALMIP modeling tool to transform the core equipment output power calculation formula and constraints into linear equations, with the minimum annual operating cost as the sub-objective: ; in, To perform cumulative calculations over the entire year, t represents the time step, in hours. Let be the diesel consumption of the diesel generator in hour t. This refers to the natural gas consumption of the CCHP system per unit time. , For oil and gas prices, For time step.

[0062] For a pre-defined equipment configuration, such as 2 diesel generators + 1 gas turbine + 1 waste heat boiler + 2 absorption chillers + 1 electric boiler + 1 electric chiller + 1000m² photovoltaic area, the equipment capacity parameters of this configuration, such as a single diesel generator rated power of 12000kW, a gas turbine rated power of 10000kW, and a photovoltaic area of ​​1000m², are input into the linear programming model mentioned above, and the CPLEX solver is called to solve the problem. During the solution process, CPLEX optimizes the hourly output allocation strategy of each device based on the constraints in step S3, under the premise of ensuring that the equipment output does not exceed the limit, energy supply and demand are balanced, and load reduction does not exceed the standard. Simultaneously, it calculates the annual operating cost under this operating strategy. ,pass The sub-objective function output, combined with the cost calculation logic in step S4, is used to calculate the average annual investment and construction cost by substituting the number of devices in the proposed scheme. Calculate the annual maintenance cost based on the average annual output of the equipment obtained from the solution. Calculate the annual interruption cost based on the maximum allowable load reduction. Finally, the total annual cost of the equipment configuration plan is obtained.

[0063] The number of alternative equipment is set according to equipment type. This range is determined based on the ship characteristic data in step S1 and the equipment association model in step S2 to avoid over-configuration or under-configuration. In this embodiment, the alternative equipment is 1-4 diesel generators, 0-2 gas turbines, 0-2 waste heat boilers, 1-3 absorption chillers, 1-2 electric boilers, 1-2 electric chillers, and a photovoltaic system area of ​​0-1500m². An enumeration search algorithm is used to traverse all combinations of the above alternative equipment, generating 5000+ sets of equipment configuration schemes. For each scheme, the linear programming solution process is repeated, that is, the equipment capacity parameters of the scheme are input, CPLEX is called to solve the optimal operation strategy, and the annual total cost is calculated. It is ensured that the annual total cost of each scheme is derived based on unified constraints and cost logic. All enumerated equipment configuration schemes are sorted from low to high annual total cost, and the schemes that meet all constraints in step S3 are selected first. Finally, the scheme with the minimum annual total cost is determined as the optimal equipment configuration scheme.

[0064] S6. Based on the optimal equipment configuration scheme, add a comparison scheme without photovoltaic configuration, quantitatively analyze the impact of photovoltaic configuration, and output the final configuration result.

[0065] Using the optimal equipment configuration scheme (including photovoltaic system) selected in step S5 as the benchmark scheme, a comparison scheme without photovoltaic configuration is added according to the principle of removing only the photovoltaic system and keeping the configuration of the remaining equipment completely the same. The impact of photovoltaic configuration is quantified through a unified simulation framework and evaluation index. Finally, the final configuration scheme of the ship's integrated energy system is determined and output based on the analysis results.

[0066] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that this embodiment provides a ship integrated energy collaborative planning system based on multiple data constraints, including: The data acquisition module is configured to acquire basic data on the ship's comprehensive energy, including ship characteristic data, equipment parameter data, load demand data, and environmental and economic data. The model module is configured to: construct a core device association model using basic data as input, including calculating the output power of each core device and determining the energy connection relationship between devices based on the output power of each core device; The constraint module is configured to: establish constraint conditions based on the core equipment association model, including equipment characteristic constraints, energy conservation constraints, and load interruption constraints; The optimization module is configured to: construct an objective function based on constraints, with the goal of minimizing the total annual cost, which includes investment and construction costs, operating costs, maintenance costs, and interruption costs; The conversion module is configured to: combine the objective function to select the optimal equipment configuration scheme, including using an algorithm combining linear programming and enumeration search to perform multi-scheme simulation verification; The output module is configured to: add a comparison scheme without photovoltaic configuration based on the optimal equipment configuration scheme, quantitatively analyze the impact of photovoltaic configuration, and output the final configuration result.

[0067] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for integrated energy collaborative planning of ships based on multiple data constraints, characterized in that, include: S1. Obtain basic data on the ship's comprehensive energy, including ship characteristic data, equipment parameter data, load demand data, and environmental and economic data; S2. Construct a core equipment association model using basic data as input, including calculating the output power of each core equipment and determining the energy connection relationship between equipment based on the output power of each core equipment. S3. Establish constraints based on the core equipment association model, including equipment characteristic constraints, energy conservation constraints, and load interruption constraints; S4. Construct an objective function based on the constraints, with the goal of minimizing the total annual cost, which includes investment and construction costs, operating costs, maintenance costs, and interruption costs. S5. Combine the objective function to select the optimal equipment configuration scheme, including using an algorithm that combines linear programming with enumeration search to perform multi-scheme simulation verification; S6. Based on the optimal equipment configuration scheme, add a comparison scheme without photovoltaic configuration, quantitatively analyze the impact of photovoltaic configuration, and output the final configuration result.

2. The ship integrated energy collaborative planning method based on multiple data constraints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the output power of each core device includes, based on the power balance principle and combined with the rated power, stator core loss rate, and stator copper loss rate of the diesel generator in the basic data, first determining the correlation between the input mechanical power and electromagnetic power of the prime mover, and then deriving the actual output power of the generator through the electromagnetic power. The input mechanical power of the prime mover must cover mechanical losses, stator core losses, and electromagnetic power, and the electromagnetic power must cover the generator output power and stator copper loss. The specific calculation formula is as follows: ； ； in, The mechanical power input from the prime mover to the generator. For stator core loss, Electromagnetic power, For stator copper loss, The output power of the generator. This refers to the mechanical losses of the diesel generator.

3. The ship integrated energy collaborative planning method based on multiple data constraints according to claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation of the output power of each core device includes first calculating the gas turbine's output electrical energy and the waste heat of the outlet flue gas based on the principle of fuel calorific value conversion, combined with the lower calorific value of natural gas, the rated electrical efficiency of the gas turbine, and the heat loss rate in the basic data; then, based on the waste heat recovery efficiency, combined with the rated efficiency of the waste heat boiler and the rated refrigeration performance coefficient of the absorption chiller in the basic data, calculating the output heat of the waste heat boiler and the output cooling capacity of the absorption chiller respectively. The calculation formula for the gas turbine's output electrical energy and the waste heat of the outlet flue gas is as follows: ； ； ； in, The waste heat carried by the flue gas at the gas turbine outlet. This is the rated thermal efficiency of the gas turbine. The heat obtained by a gas turbine burning natural gas. This refers to the rated electrical efficiency of the gas turbine. The output power of the gas turbine, This refers to the consumption rate of natural gas used as fuel in gas turbines. Due to the low calorific value of natural gas, This represents the heat loss rate of the gas turbine.

4. The ship integrated energy collaborative planning method based on multiple data constraints according to claim 3, characterized in that, The calculation of the output power of each core device also includes calculating the output power of the photovoltaic system. Based on the photoelectric effect principle and combined with basic data to obtain solar radiation illuminance, photoelectric conversion efficiency, and shading loss rate, the actual output power of the photovoltaic system in the actual navigation environment is calculated in combination with the lighting characteristics of the ship's navigation route. The specific calculation formula is as follows: ； in, This represents the actual output power of the photovoltaic system. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of a photovoltaic system. This represents the current environmental solar radiation illuminance. For the configuration area of ​​the photovoltaic system, The shading loss rate of the photovoltaic system.

5. The ship integrated energy collaborative planning method based on multiple data constraints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining the energy connection relationship between equipment based on the output power of each core device includes allocating the waste heat from the flue gas generated by the gas turbine to the waste heat boiler and absorption chiller according to the heat and cold load gap ratio; prioritizing the output power of the diesel generator to meet the core electrical load; using the remaining power to drive the electric boiler and electric chiller; and finally, prioritizing the heat output of the waste heat boiler to cover the heat load, with the electric boiler supplementing any shortfall; prioritizing the cooling output of the absorption chiller to cover the cooling load, with the electric chiller supplementing any shortfall. The formula for calculating the output heat power of the electric boiler is as follows: ； in, , These are the output power and power consumption of the electric boiler, respectively. For the electrothermal conversion efficiency of electric boilers, This refers to the heat loss rate of the electric boiler.

6. The ship integrated energy collaborative planning method based on multiple data constraints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy conservation constraint includes the energy connection relationship between devices based on the core equipment association model, and constructs electric power balance equations, thermal power balance equations, and cold power balance equations according to energy type. The electric power balance equation is expressed as follows: ； in, Let t be the ship's basic electrical load power. Let be the charging power of the battery at time t. Let t be the power consumption of the electric boiler. Let t be the power consumption of the electric chiller. Let t be the output electrical power of the diesel generator. Let t be the power output of the gas turbine. Let be the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t. Let t be the discharge power of the battery at time t.

7. The ship integrated energy collaborative planning method based on multiple data constraints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load interruption constraint includes classifying the load nodes of the ship's integrated energy system into energy hub nodes and non-energy hub nodes based on the connection relationship between loads and equipment in the core equipment association model. Combining the necessity of loads for ship operation in the core equipment association model, the importance of k-type loads for energy hub nodes and non-energy hub nodes is classified, and the maximum allowable reduction ratio of k-type loads for each node is determined. Based on the node classification and importance classification results, reduction thresholds for k-type loads are set for energy hub nodes and non-energy hub nodes respectively. The load reduction limits for energy hub nodes and non-energy hub nodes respectively satisfy the following: ； ； in, This represents the actual reduction in type k load at node b at time t. This indicates the maximum allowable reduction ratio for type k load at node b. This represents the actual usage of type k load at node b at time t. This represents the rated power demand of type k load at node b at time t.

8. The ship integrated energy collaborative planning method based on multiple data constraints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The objective function constructed based on constraints, aiming to minimize the total annual cost, includes decomposing the total annual cost into investment and construction costs, operating costs, maintenance costs, and interruption costs. Investment and construction costs are calculated by discounting the initial equipment investment using a capital recovery factor; operating costs are calculated based on fuel consumption and unit price; maintenance costs are calculated based on actual equipment output and unit maintenance costs; and interruption costs are calculated based on load reduction and unit interruption loss costs. The objective function is expressed as follows: ； in, The average annual investment and construction cost, Annual operating costs, Annual maintenance cost, Annual interruption costs.

9. The ship integrated energy collaborative planning method based on multiple data constraints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of selecting the optimal equipment configuration scheme by combining the objective function includes: constructing a linear programming model using the YALMIP modeling tool; transforming the core equipment output power calculation formula and constraints into linear equations; using the minimum annual operating cost as a sub-objective; calling the CPLEX solver to solve for the optimal operating strategy under a given equipment capacity; then setting a range of alternative numbers according to equipment type to generate multiple sets of equipment configuration schemes; repeating the linear programming solution for each set of schemes to obtain the total annual cost of each scheme; and finally selecting the scheme that satisfies the constraints and has the minimum total annual cost. The objective function of the linear programming model is: ； in, To perform cumulative calculations over the entire year, t represents the time step, in hours. Let be the diesel consumption of the diesel generator in hour t. This refers to the natural gas consumption of the CCHP system per unit time. , For oil and gas prices, For time step.

10. A ship integrated energy collaborative planning system based on multiple data constraints, executing the method of claim 1, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is configured to acquire basic data on the ship's comprehensive energy, including ship characteristic data, equipment parameter data, load demand data, and environmental and economic data. The model module is configured to: construct a core device association model using basic data as input, including calculating the output power of each core device and determining the energy connection relationship between devices based on the output power of each core device; The constraint module is configured to: establish constraint conditions based on the core equipment association model, including equipment characteristic constraints, energy conservation constraints, and load interruption constraints; The optimization module is configured to: construct an objective function based on constraints, with the goal of minimizing the total annual cost, which includes investment and construction costs, operating costs, maintenance costs, and interruption costs; The conversion module is configured to: combine the objective function to select the optimal equipment configuration scheme, including using an algorithm combining linear programming and enumeration search to perform multi-scheme simulation verification; The output module is configured to: add a comparison scheme without photovoltaic configuration based on the optimal equipment configuration scheme, quantitatively analyze the impact of photovoltaic configuration, and output the final configuration result.

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