High-precision rapid sampling judgment isolation type intelligent fuse and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of circuit protection devices, and discloses a high-precision rapid sampling judgment isolation type intelligent fuse and a control method, and the high-precision rapid sampling judgment isolation type intelligent fuse comprises an isolation type magnetic field detection system, a negative feedback temperature drift compensation system, a rapid sampling judgment system, a power conversion system and a fuse body. The power conversion system provides stable power supply; the fuse body comprises an on-off assembly, a detection and judgment assembly and the like, and the on-off assembly can cut off the electric conductor; the isolated magnetic field detection system adopts a Hall sensor array to detect current and isolate the current; the negative feedback temperature drift compensation system suppresses temperature drift; according to the invention, a non-fuse structure improves the through-current capability, electrical isolation guarantees safety, temperature drift compensation improves the high-temperature detection precision, microsecond-level response rapidly cuts off a fault circuit, a plurality of defects of an existing fuse are effectively solved, the safety of equipment and personnel is guaranteed, and the safety of equipment and personnel is improved. The method is suitable for multi-field circuit protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit protection device technology, specifically to a high-precision, fast-sampling and decision-making isolated intelligent fuse and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as power distribution, industrial control, and new energy, fuses are core components for short-circuit and overload protection. Their protection performance, current carrying capacity, detection accuracy, and response speed are directly related to the safe operation of electrical equipment and the personal safety of personnel.

[0003] Current electrically controlled fuse solutions also have certain drawbacks. For example, CN222966057U discloses a magnetic induction current sensor integrated excitation fuse device. Its shortcomings are: firstly, the operating environment temperature of fuses is generally high, and the electrical parameters of the core electronic components of the magnetic induction current sensor, such as linear Hall sensors, will shift with temperature changes, resulting in significant deviations in detection accuracy at 25℃ and 110℃; secondly, the lack of a sampling and decision system may lead to false or false detections, affecting overall safety and reliability; and thirdly, complete electrical isolation between the electronic control scheme and the conductor is not achieved, as the shunt is connected in series with the conductor. This scheme carries the risk of the sensing system being damaged by ultra-high voltage and is therefore unsuitable for ultra-high voltage conditions. In summary, existing fuses generally suffer from the following technical defects.

[0004] First, traditional fuses mostly rely on fuse wires or thermal triggering structures to cut off the circuit. These structures are limited by their own material properties and have weak current carrying capacity, which cannot meet the ever-increasing demand for high current supply in modern power systems. They are prone to malfunction or damage when the rated current is exceeded, affecting the normal operation of the entire circuit system.

[0005] Secondly, the current detection section of existing fuses often uses non-isolated detection structures such as shunts, lacking effective electrical isolation between the current detection system and the high-voltage current-carrying part of the fuse body. This non-isolated design easily leads to electrical faults in the high-voltage section being conducted to the low-voltage control section (such as control circuits, microprocessors, etc.), which can not only damage control components but also potentially cause safety hazards such as electric shock, thus requiring improvement in safety.

[0006] Furthermore, in high-temperature conditions such as industrial sites, the current detection signal of existing fuses is easily affected by temperature and drifts, resulting in a decrease in detection accuracy. This makes it impossible to accurately identify normal current and fault current in the circuit, which in turn affects the accuracy and timeliness of protection actions and may cause equipment to malfunction or fail to be protected.

[0007] Furthermore, existing fuse sampling and decision systems have slow response times, or even lack any sampling and decision system altogether. They often employ traditional sampling methods and simple decision logic, making it difficult to quickly identify fault signals such as sudden short circuits. The response time from fault occurrence to circuit disconnection is long. This delay allows large currents to continuously act on the circuit and equipment, easily causing serious equipment damage and even personnel safety accidents.

[0008] In summary, current market-available fuses have shortcomings in terms of current-carrying capacity, electrical isolation safety, high-temperature detection accuracy, and fault response speed, failing to fully meet the demands of modern power systems and industrial equipment for high-precision, fast-response, and high-reliability protection devices. Therefore, developing an intelligent fuse with strong current-carrying capacity, electrical isolation safety, high high-temperature detection accuracy, and fast response speed has become a pressing technical problem for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0009] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-precision, fast-sampling, and decision-making isolated intelligent fuse and its control method. Through a fuse-free electronic switch structure, isolated magnetic field detection, negative feedback temperature drift compensation, and high-speed sampling intelligent decision-making design, it achieves improved current-carrying capacity, electrical isolation safety, enhanced high-temperature detection accuracy, and rapid fault response, ensuring circuit and personnel safety. This invention solves the technical problems of existing fuses, such as weak current-carrying capacity, lack of effective electrical isolation in current detection, low detection accuracy under high-temperature conditions, and slow fault response speed, which cannot meet the high-precision and high-reliability protection requirements of modern power systems and industrial equipment.

[0010] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A high-precision, fast-sampling and decision-making isolated smart fuse includes an isolated magnetic field detection system, a negative feedback temperature drift compensation system, a fast-sampling and decision-making system, a power conversion system, and a fuse body; The power conversion system is used to convert the customer input voltage into the stable operating voltage required by the equipment, providing a stable power supply for the isolated magnetic field detection system, the negative feedback temperature drift compensation system, the fast sampling decision system, and the fuse body. The fuse body includes an interruption component, a detection and judgment component, an arc extinguishing component, and a conductor. The interruption component includes an electronic ignition component and a piston. The electronic ignition component is used to receive a trigger signal and release high-pressure gas. The piston is used to cut off the conductor under the drive of high-pressure gas. The isolated magnetic field detection system is set on the magnetic field path of the conductor. The isolated magnetic field detection system uses a Hall sensor array to detect the current signal on the conductor and output it to the negative feedback temperature drift compensation system. The negative feedback temperature drift compensation system is connected to the isolated magnetic field detection system to suppress the electrical signal deviation caused by the high temperature environment. After temperature drift compensation, the received current signal is output to the fast sampling decision system. The rapid sampling and decision system is connected to the negative feedback temperature drift compensation system and is used to perform high-speed sampling and intelligent decision-making on the current signal after temperature drift compensation. When it is determined that the current through the conductor exceeds the set threshold, a passive trigger signal is sent to the electronic ignition component to trigger the electronic ignition component to release high-pressure gas and drive the piston to cut off the conductor.

[0011] Preferably, the conductor passes through the detection and determination component, which is equipped with an electronic control PCB board. The electronic control PCB board is equipped with an ignition and detonation module, an MCU module, a HALL sensor module, a temperature compensation module, and a power conversion module. A rectangular slot is provided on the electronic control PCB board at the position corresponding to the conductor, and the conductor passes through the rectangular slot. The HALL sensor module has a built-in isolated magnetic field detection system and a Hall sensor array. The Hall sensor array has a rectangular-elliptical array distribution structure or a semi-rectangular-elliptical array distribution structure. The distribution structure of the Hall sensor array is adapted to the length and width ratio of the conductor. The Hall sensor array is arranged along the boundary of the rectangular slot and includes at least one detection group in the shape of a tortoise shell. Each detection group includes a straight line segment and two arc segments at both ends of the straight line segment. The straight line segment is parallel to the long side of the rectangular slot, and the arc segments are distributed in an arc shape.

[0012] Preferably, the spacing between sensors in the detection group that is shaped like a tortoise shell is locally fine-tuned to increase the sensor density in the arc segment, so that the spacing between Hall sensors in the arc segment is smaller than the spacing between Hall sensors in the straight segment. The Hall sensors in the arc segment and the straight segment are connected to different instrument amplifiers to form different data groups. Each data group is connected to the temperature compensation module of the corresponding area.

[0013] Preferably, the conductor includes two trigger bodies connected in parallel, and the interrupting assembly further includes an upper interruptor shell and a lower interruptor shell. Two interrupting assemblies are disposed inside the upper interruptor shell and the lower interruptor shell, and the two interrupting assemblies respectively cut off the two trigger bodies.

[0014] Preferably, the trigger body has a receiving groove on the side near the piston, and the piston passes through the receiving groove to strike the trigger body; The trigger body has three strip-shaped grooves on the side away from the piston, including a weakening groove in the middle and bending grooves on both sides. The piston pin is located directly above the weakening groove.

[0015] Preferably, the detection and determination component includes an electronic control PCB board, a metal housing of the detection module, a plastic inner housing of the detection module, and a plastic cover plate of the detection module. The electronic control PCB board is installed inside the plastic inner housing and the plastic cover plate of the detection module, and the plastic inner housing and the plastic cover plate of the detection module are installed inside the metal housing of the detection module. Each of the electronic control PCB board, the metal housing of the detection module, the plastic inner housing of the detection module, and the plastic cover plate of the detection module is provided with through holes for passing a conductor.

[0016] Preferably, heat dissipation fins are attached to the bottom of the conductor.

[0017] A fast sampling and decision method for isolated smart fuses includes the following steps: S1, The sensor sends the real-time current signal to the signal processing chip, and the signal processing chip samples the data in real time and records the sampled values ​​in the form of an array. S2, in real time, determine whether all the data in a set of arrays have reached the trigger threshold. If all the data have reached the trigger threshold and satisfy the "AND" logic, then trigger the ignition device. S3. If the "AND" logic is not satisfied and the trigger threshold is not reached, then determine whether the data in the next array has reached the trigger threshold. S4, judge sequentially until all sampled values ​​reach the trigger threshold, then trigger the ignition device.

[0018] Preferably, the method further includes an adaptive window length adjustment method, which automatically adjusts the sampling window length according to the current change rate, increasing the window to improve anti-interference when the current is stable, and decreasing the window to improve response speed when the current changes abruptly.

[0019] A negative feedback temperature drift compensation method for isolated smart fuses includes the following steps: S1, a PTC linear thermistor is selected as the negative feedback compensation resistor, and its resistance changes linearly with temperature. S2, Construct a negative feedback topology circuit adapted to PTC. This topology circuit includes three operational amplifiers, multiple fixed resistors of the same resistance, and a feedback resistor. The three operational amplifiers are respectively... , and Connect the PTC linear thermistor The negative feedback loop is connected in series with the feedback resistor to form a feedback link. and By fixing the resistor and respectively with The input and output terminals are coupled to construct a complete signal transmission and feedback path; S3, the input signal output by the Hall current sensor that is affected by temperature drift. Access topology Input terminal; S4, Output compensation signal .

[0020] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a high-precision, fast sampling and decision-making isolated smart fuse and its control method, which has the following advantages: 1. This high-precision, fast-sampling, and decision-making isolated intelligent fuse has several advantages. First, the intelligent fuse, without a fuse wire or other excitation source structure, can support currents far exceeding the rated values ​​of traditional fuses, significantly increasing current-carrying capacity and effectively solving the limitation of fuse current-carrying capacity. Second, the isolated magnetic field detection system uses a Hall sensor array and optimizes the shunt to achieve complete isolation between the current detection system and the fuse body. Through electrical isolation, the low-voltage part of the circuit (e.g., control circuit, microprocessor, Hall sensor, etc.) is isolated from the high-voltage part (current-carrying copper busbar conductor), avoiding safety problems caused by electrical faults. Third, The negative feedback temperature drift compensation system can effectively offset the signal drift caused by temperature, significantly improving the detection accuracy of fuses under high-temperature conditions; fourth, the fast sampling decision system innovatively uses high-speed sampling combined with intelligent decision algorithms to accurately identify sudden fault signals and abnormal states, further ensuring the safety and reliability of the fuse system; fifth, the intelligent fuse applied for in this invention no longer relies on the thermal effect of the internal triggering component, but instead relies on Hall sensors to detect the current and on electronic control units (MCU or FPGA) to process it quickly. This microsecond-level instantaneous decision-making quickly cuts off the circuit, greatly reducing the risk of equipment damage and personnel injury caused by high-current short circuits.

[0021] 2. This high-precision, fast-sampling, and decision-making isolated smart fuse utilizes a Hall sensor array with a rectangular-elliptical array distribution structure. Firstly, the unique rectangular-elliptical or semi-rectangular-elliptical array structure allows for simultaneous multi-point measurement along the rectangular boundary of the conductor, reducing deviations and blind spots, while also optimizing the space-consuming nature of circular Hall sensor arrays. Secondly, the detection and decision-making component, acting as an isolation box, not only provides centralized protection for the electronic control PCB board, preventing external dust and vibration from affecting the electronic control module, but also further weakens the interference of the magnetic field and heat generated by the conductor on the electronic control module through physical isolation. Thirdly, the Hall sensor array arranged along the rectangular slot boundary ensures that the sensor detection end is close to the magnetic field source and the signal transmission end is far from the core area of ​​the electronic control module, reducing signal transmission interference. Fourthly, the tortoise-shell symbol-shaped detection group, through multi-point synchronous detection and symmetrical layout design, coordinates work to improve anti-interference capability, accuracy, and reliability. Fifthly, the rectangular slot design allows the conductor to pass directly through the electronic control PCB board, and combined with the centralized integration layout of the isolation box, achieves a compact fit between the electronic control module and the conductor.

[0022] 3. This high-precision, fast-sampling, and decision-making isolated smart fuse, through local fine-tuning of the sensor spacing within the tortoise-shell-shaped detection group, achieves several advantages. First, it further improves the resolution of magnetic field detection in corner areas, accurately capturing local current anomalies in these areas. Furthermore, the arc segment is less affected by the temperature of the conductor compared to the straight segment, and increasing the sensor density in the arc segment further enhances anti-interference capabilities. Second, zoned compensation adapts to temperature differences in different areas, avoiding insufficient accuracy caused by uniform compensation and significantly reducing detection errors. Third, grouped acquisition combined with multi-group collaborative decision-making avoids interference from a single area or abnormal sensor signals, and enables rapid system fault identification through data group decision consistency judgment. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the interruption component of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the detection and determination component of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is the conductor of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic control PCB board of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the HALL sensor module of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a magnetic field distribution diagram of the conductor of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a circuit diagram of a Hall sensor during detection.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a circuit diagram of four Hall sensors performing detection.

[0034] Figure 12 This is a flowchart of the fast sampling decision system of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the chip in this invention.

[0036] Figure 14 This is a topology circuit diagram of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Conductor; 11. Trigger; 12. Receiving groove; 111. Weakening groove; 112. Bending groove; 2. Breaking assembly; 21. Electronic ignition assembly; 22. Piston; 23. Upper shell of the circuit breaker; 24. Lower shell of the circuit breaker; 3. Detection and judgment assembly; 31. Electrical control PCB board; 310. Rectangular slot; 311. Straight line segment; 312. Arc segment; 32. Metal shell of the detection module; 33. Plastic inner shell of the detection module; 34. Plastic cover plate of the detection module; 4. Arc extinguishing assembly; 5. Indicator; 91. Lower plastic shell; 92. Upper plastic shell; 93. Side plate; 94. Blade plate; 95. Heat sink fins. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0040] In addition, a fixed connection refers to a connection in which parts or components are fixed and there is no relative movement; a transmission connection refers to a connection in which mechanical motion or torque is transmitted to other working parts through a transmission component; a sliding connection refers to a connection in which two objects are in contact but not fixed and can slide relative to each other; and a rotational connection refers to a connection in which two objects are in contact but not fixed and can rotate relative to each other.

[0041] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0042] Example 1: This embodiment provides an isolated smart fuse with high-precision and fast sampling and decision-making capabilities, and has the following technical features.

[0043] Please see Figures 1-14 A high-precision, fast-sampling and decision-making isolated smart fuse includes an isolated magnetic field detection system, a negative feedback temperature drift compensation system, a fast-sampling and decision-making system, a power conversion system, and a fuse body. The power conversion system is used to convert the customer input voltage into the stable operating voltage required by the equipment, providing a stable power supply for the isolated magnetic field detection system, the negative feedback temperature drift compensation system, the fast sampling decision system, and the fuse body. The fuse body includes an interruption component 2, a detection and judgment component 3, an arc extinguishing component 4, and a conductor 1. The interruption component 2 includes an electronic ignition component 21 and a piston 22. The electronic ignition component 21 is used to receive a trigger signal and release high-pressure gas, and the piston 22 is used to cut off the conductor 1 under the drive of high-pressure gas. An isolated magnetic field detection system is set on the magnetic field path of conductor 1. The isolated magnetic field detection system uses a Hall sensor array to detect the current signal on conductor 1 and output it to the negative feedback temperature drift compensation system. The negative feedback temperature drift compensation system is connected to the isolated magnetic field detection system to suppress the electrical signal deviation caused by the high temperature environment. After temperature drift compensation, the received current signal is output to the fast sampling decision system. The rapid sampling and decision system is connected to the negative feedback temperature drift compensation system. It is used to perform high-speed sampling and intelligent decision-making on the current signal after temperature drift compensation. When it is determined that the current through the conductor 1 exceeds the set threshold, a passive trigger signal is sent to the electronic ignition component 21 to trigger the electronic ignition component 21 to release high-pressure gas and drive the piston 22 to cut off the conductor 1.

[0044] This high-precision, fast-sampling, and decision-making isolated smart fuse has several advantages. First, the smart fuse, without a fuse wire or other excitation source structure, can support currents far exceeding the rated values ​​of traditional fuses, significantly increasing current-carrying capacity and effectively solving the limitation of fuse current-carrying capacity. Second, the isolated magnetic field detection system uses a Hall sensor array and optimizes the shunt to achieve complete isolation between the current detection system and the fuse body. Through electrical isolation, the low-voltage parts of the circuit, such as the control circuit, microprocessor, and Hall sensor, are isolated from the high-voltage parts (current-carrying copper busbar conductor), avoiding safety issues caused by electrical faults. Third, the negative... The feedback temperature drift compensation system can effectively offset the signal drift caused by temperature, significantly improving the detection accuracy of fuses under high-temperature conditions; fourth, the rapid sampling and decision system innovatively uses high-speed sampling combined with intelligent decision algorithms to accurately identify sudden fault signals and abnormal states, further ensuring the safety and reliability of the fuse system; fifth, the intelligent fuse applied for in this invention no longer relies on the thermal effect of the internal triggering component, but instead relies on Hall sensors to detect the current and on the electronic control unit MCU or FPGA for rapid processing. This microsecond-level instantaneous decision quickly cuts off the circuit, greatly reducing the risk of equipment damage and personnel injury caused by high-current short circuits.

[0045] It should be noted that the high temperature mentioned in this application specifically refers to an ambient temperature scenario where the equipment operates above its normal operating temperature. This temperature description is only used to illustrate the technical effect of the negative feedback temperature drift compensation system of this application under harsh operating conditions. The high pressure mentioned in this application specifically refers to the gas pressure generated after the electronic ignition component is triggered, which is used to drive the piston to cut off the conductor. The electronic ignition component and its generated gas pressure are existing technologies and are not improvements of this application, nor do they limit the scope of protection of this application. The core improvements of this application lie in isolated magnetic field detection, negative feedback temperature drift compensation, rapid sampling and decision-making, and supporting structures and methods. The aforementioned descriptions of high temperature and high pressure are only used to clearly illustrate the technical scenario and do not affect the scope of protection defined by the claims.

[0046] Furthermore, the conductor 1 includes two parallel trigger bodies 11, and the interrupting assembly 2 also includes an upper interruptor shell 23 and a lower interruptor shell 24. Two interrupting assemblies 2 are provided inside the upper interruptor shell 23 and the lower interruptor shell 24, and the two interrupting assemblies 2 respectively cut off the two trigger bodies 11.

[0047] Specifically, the electronic ignition assembly 21 includes a gas generator. The electronic ignition assembly 21 is filled with gunpowder. When energized, it explodes and generates a large amount of gas. A plastic striker is provided at the end of the piston 22. When the detection and judgment module detects an abnormal current and determines that the current-carrying circuit needs to be cut off, it will output a current. The current acts on the gas generator, and the gas generator explodes and generates a large amount of gas, which pushes the piston 22 downward. The plastic striker cuts off the weakening groove 111 of the conductor 1. At this time, the main circuit is cut off and the current is switched to the parallel arc extinguishing assembly 4.

[0048] Specifically, the striker is designed with a cutting edge to facilitate stress concentration and accelerate the copper busbar cutting process.

[0049] Furthermore, the trigger body 11 is provided with a receiving groove 12 on the side near the piston 22, and the piston 22 passes through the receiving groove 12 to strike the trigger body 11; The trigger body 11 has three strip-shaped grooves on the side away from the piston 22, including a weakening groove 111 in the middle and bending grooves 112 on both sides. The piston pin of the piston 22 is located directly above the weakening groove 111.

[0050] Furthermore, the fuse body also includes a lower plastic housing 91, an upper plastic housing 92, and two side plates 93. The conductor 1, the breaking assembly 2, the detection and judgment assembly 3, and the arc extinguishing assembly 4 are all installed inside the housing formed by the lower plastic housing 91, the upper plastic housing 92, and the side plates 93. The two side plates 93 are respectively provided with blades 94, and the two blades 94 are electrically connected to both ends of the conductor 1.

[0051] Specifically, the lower plastic casing 91 and the upper plastic casing 92 are perforated for heat dissipation.

[0052] Specifically, the side panel 93 is made of aluminum alloy.

[0053] Furthermore, an indicator 5 is connected to the arc extinguishing assembly 4, and the indicator 5 protrudes from the plastic upper housing 92.

[0054] Furthermore, the detection and judgment component 3 includes an electronic control PCB board 31, a metal housing 32 of the detection module, a plastic inner housing 33 of the detection module, and a plastic cover plate 34 of the detection module. The electronic control PCB board 31 is installed inside the plastic inner housing 33 and the plastic cover plate 34 of the detection module, and the plastic inner housing 33 and the plastic cover plate 34 of the detection module are installed inside the metal housing 32 of the detection module. The electronic control PCB board 31, the metal housing 32 of the detection module, the plastic inner housing 33 of the detection module, and the plastic cover plate 34 of the detection module are all provided with through holes for the conductor 1 to pass through.

[0055] Furthermore, heat dissipation fins 95 are attached to the bottom of the conductor 1.

[0056] Furthermore, the isolated magnetic field detection system replaces the shunt with a Hall sensor array, achieving complete electrical isolation between the current detection system and the fuse body.

[0057] Furthermore, the power conversion system is designed to convert the customer input voltage into the stable operating voltage required by the equipment, significantly expanding the applicable range of input voltages, reducing input voltage limitations, and improving the system's adaptability and reliability.

[0058] A further feature is the isolated magnetic field detection system, which does not rely on thermal effects but instead uses a Hall sensor and other electronic control units. When the current exceeds a set threshold, the magnetic field generated around the conductor changes rapidly. After detecting the change in the magnetic field, the Hall sensor chip outputs a corresponding voltage or switching signal through its internal circuitry. The change in the output signal reflects the magnetic field strength and is sent to the MCU to infer the current magnitude and determine whether an overcurrent has occurred.

[0059] Furthermore, temperature changes can cause variations in the Hall chip's reference voltage, sensitivity, and bias current, leading to output signal drift. The negative feedback temperature drift compensation system in the smart fuse claimed in this patent suppresses the additional electrical noise introduced by temperature fluctuations, ensuring measurement accuracy and stability.

[0060] Furthermore, the fast sampling and decision system includes a sampling module and a decision module. The sampling module is used to sample the transient current of the circuit at a high frequency, and the decision module is used to analyze and judge the abnormal current state based on the high-frequency sampling data and output a decision signal to ensure the high speed of detection and the accuracy of decision.

[0061] Further features include an ignition and detonation system. This system receives a trigger command from the sampling and decision system, releases high-pressure gas, and drives piston 22 to cut off conductor 1. Simultaneously, the ignition and detonation system also receives an active trigger command from an external source, releases high-pressure gas, and drives piston 22 to cut off conductor 1.

[0062] Furthermore, an arc-extinguishing component 4 is connected in parallel on the conductor 1, and the two ends of the arc-extinguishing component 4 are electrically connected to the two ends of the part of the conductor 1 that needs to be disconnected; the arc-extinguishing component 4 is inserted into a medium filled with arc-extinguishing material.

[0063] Furthermore, the electronic ignition component 21 can receive an active trigger command sent from the outside to activate and achieve active protection. At the same time, it can receive a passive trigger signal from the inside to activate and achieve passive protection. By issuing active and passive trigger signals simultaneously, independently, or sequentially, when they are issued simultaneously, the trigger module responds to the trigger command sent fastest, thus achieving dual active and passive protection.

[0064] Example 2: To address the following issues: A single Hall sensor suffers from single-point detection and insufficient anti-interference capability, making it prone to false triggering or failure to trigger. While circular and elliptical array Hall sensors offer significantly higher accuracy than single Hall sensors, they increase overall size, making them unsuitable for PCB control boards with complex functional modules and strict size constraints, as described in this patent. Furthermore, most current circular and elliptical array Hall sensors are designed for testing current-carrying wires, which limits the accuracy of detecting rectangular hard copper blocks or other rectangular metallic conductors.

[0065] This second embodiment provides an isolated smart fuse with high-precision and fast sampling and decision-making, which, in addition to the technical solutions of the above embodiments, also has the following technical features.

[0066] Please see Figures 7-11 Conductor 1 passes through the detection and judgment component 3. The detection and judgment component 3 is equipped with an electronic control PCB board 31. The electronic control PCB board 31 is equipped with an ignition and detonation module, an MCU module, a HALL sensor module, a temperature compensation module, and a power conversion module. A rectangular slot 310 is provided on the electronic control PCB board 31 at the position corresponding to conductor 1. Conductor 1 passes through the rectangular slot 310. The HALL sensor module has a built-in isolated magnetic field detection system. The HALL sensor module is equipped with a Hall sensor array. The Hall sensor array is arranged in a rectangular-elliptical array or a semi-rectangular-elliptical array, which is adapted to the length and width ratio of the conductor 1. The Hall sensor array is arranged along the boundary of the rectangular slot 310 and includes at least one detection group in the shape of a tortoise shell. Each detection group includes a straight segment 311 and two arc segments 312 at both ends of the straight segment 311. The straight segment 311 is parallel to the long side of the rectangular slot 310, and the arc segments 312 are distributed in an arc shape.

[0067] It should be noted that when there are two detection groups, the two detection groups are symmetrical to each other. When there are two detection groups, the Hall sensor array has a rectangular-elliptical array structure; when there is only one detection group, the Hall sensor array has a semi-rectangular-elliptical array structure.

[0068] This high-precision, fast-sampling, and decision-making isolated smart fuse features several advantages. First, its unique rectangular-elliptical array or semi-rectangular-elliptical array structure enables simultaneous multi-point measurement along the rectangular boundary of the conductor 1, reducing deviations and blind spots. It also optimizes the space-consuming nature of circular Hall effect sensor arrays. Second, the detection and decision component 3, acting as an isolation box, not only provides centralized protection for the electronic control PCB board 31, preventing external dust and vibration from affecting the electronic control module, but also further weakens the interference of the magnetic field and heat generated by the conductor 1 on the electronic control module through physical isolation. Third, the Hall effect sensor array arranged along the boundary of the rectangular slot 310 ensures that the sensor detection end is close to the magnetic field source and the signal transmission end is far from the core area of ​​the electronic control module, reducing signal transmission interference. Fourth, the tortoise-shell-shaped detection group, through multi-point synchronous detection and symmetrical layout design, coordinates its work to improve anti-interference capability, accuracy, and reliability. Fifth, the rectangular slot 310 design allows the conductor 1 to pass directly through the electronic control PCB board 31, and the centralized integration layout of the isolation box achieves a compact fit between the electronic control module and the conductor 1.

[0069] Furthermore, a gap is left between the edge of the rectangular slot 310 and the outer wall of the conductor 1 to prevent the heat on the conductor 1 from being directly transferred to the electronic control PCB board 31.

[0070] Furthermore, the power conversion module has a built-in power conversion system, which includes an external power input module, an isolated power module, and a 3.3V power output module.

[0071] Specifically, the external power input module is an external power supply interface used to connect to the customer's power supply.

[0072] Specifically, the isolated power supply module converts the wide voltage range of 18V to 72V input from the customer into a 12V voltage for power supply within the board, which powers the four modules.

[0073] Specifically, the 3.3V power output module steps down the 12V voltage to 3.3V to power the MCU microprocessor.

[0074] In a further configuration, after receiving a signal from the MCU module indicating that the current exceeds the limit, the ignition module performs an ignition action, detonating the igniter, which then pushes the piston 22 to cut off the copper busbar conductor.

[0075] Furthermore, the MCU module has a built-in fast sampling and decision system that receives temperature-compensated data from the HALL sensor in real time and performs sampling and decision-making within microseconds, ensuring rapid and effective action in the event of a real overload or short circuit.

[0076] Further settings, such as Figure 12 As shown, the algorithm of the MCU module is as follows: S1, the sensor sends the real-time current signal to the signal processing chip, which samples the data in real time and records the sampled values ​​in the form of an array. , ... ; S2, in real time, determine whether all the data in a set of arrays have reached the trigger threshold. If all the data have reached the trigger threshold and satisfy the "AND" logic, then trigger the ignition device. S3. If the "AND" logic is not satisfied and the trigger threshold is not reached, then determine whether the data in the next array has reached the trigger threshold. S4, judge sequentially until all sampled values ​​reach the trigger threshold, then trigger the ignition device.

[0077] It should be noted that the signal processing chip continuously acquires the current signal at fixed time intervals (sampling period), obtaining a series of sampled values: a1, a2, a... 3, a4,……,a n The system maintains a sliding window of length n. Each time a new value is collected, a new array containing n consecutive sampled values ​​is formed, which is used for judgment. These arrays... , ... In essence, it's the process of this sliding window continuously moving forward on the timeline. For example, a new sample value a n+1 When the time comes, a1 will slide out, and a2 will slide to a1's position. At this point, the value in the sliding window will become... The "AND logic" means that with each slide (i.e. each new sample value), the system checks whether all n values ​​in the current window are greater than or equal to the trigger threshold. As long as any set of n consecutive sample values ​​all reach or exceed the threshold, the "AND" logic is satisfied, and the ignition device is immediately triggered.

[0078] Further settings, such as Figure 13As shown, the isolated power processing chip performs voltage conversion, efficiently converting the DC power signal into a stable DC voltage signal that can power subsequent circuits, and then performs voltage regulation. The sensor is a rectangular-elliptical array isolated Hall effect sensor, which converts the current signal into a sampleable and detectable voltage signal. The signal processing chip ① suppresses common-mode signals and amplifies differential-mode signals. The signal processing chip ② receives the analog signal from the signal processing chip ① and performs AND gate logic judgment to determine whether all elements in the array have reached the trigger threshold. If the trigger threshold has not been reached, the subsequent arrays are judged sequentially. If the trigger threshold has been reached, AD conversion is performed to convert the analog signal into a digital signal, the voltage level changes from low to high, and the signal is sent to the subsequent chip. The signal processing chip ③ receives the high-voltage electrical signal from the signal processing chip ②, generates an ignition signal, and sends it to the ignition device.

[0079] Further settings, such as Figure 10 As shown, a single Hall sensor detecting a magnetic field will output two values ​​(e.g., 1V and 1.1V). The instrumentation amplifier will amplify the difference (0.1V). However, 1V is ultimately only an ideal case; due to noise and other factors, the actual value is usually 1.02V, 0.98V, etc. Multiple Hall signals can suppress this noise fluctuation, such as... Figure 11 As shown, multiple sensors are used to counteract uniform interference and avoid the risk of single-point failure, thus achieving stable detection in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0080] Furthermore, the temperature compensation module incorporates a built-in negative feedback temperature drift compensation system. This module replaces the traditional NTC thermistor with a PTC linear thermistor, leveraging its linear temperature response characteristics to optimize the compensation effect. The core parameters and advantages of the PTC thermistor are as follows: Resistance-temperature linear formula: ,in (Reference resistance at 25℃) ; Typical temperature-resistance relationship: at 75℃ At 125℃ For every 50°C increase in temperature, the resistance steadily increases by 3.2 kΩ, demonstrating excellent linearity. Compared to NTC thermistors, PTC linear thermistors have advantages such as fast response speed, strong stability, and long lifespan, and do not require complex nonlinear fitting algorithms.

[0081] It should be noted that the principle of negative feedback temperature drift compensation is as follows: First, the core formula is defined as: Formula 1 (Basic Relationship of Output Signal): Formula 2 (Intermediate signal voltage division relationship): Formula 3 (Signal Difference Relationship): Formula 4 (Relationship of current in negative feedback loop): ; Secondly, the simultaneous derivation process is as follows: From Formula 4, we can obtain: Substituting Formula 3 and Formula 2 into Formula 1, and combining them with the V3 expression, we obtain the core compensation formula after simultaneous simplification: ; Finally, the temperature drift cancellation logic is as follows: Hall sensor input signal V IN Its temperature drift characteristics are: Where k is a coefficient and T is the actual temperature. The reference input signal is at 25℃; Substituting into the core compensation formula, combined with The expression for temperature drift can be derived to show that the variables related to temperature (T) in the numerator and denominator completely cancel each other out. Final result: Regardless of actual temperature changes, the output signal V... O Always with the reference input signal V at 25°C IN0 It is directly proportional to temperature, thus completely eliminating the impact of temperature on detection accuracy.

[0082] Example 3: To address the following issues: insufficient temperature compensation targeting – the straight segment 311 and the curved segment 312 sensors share a single temperature compensation module, but the temperature environments of the two are significantly different, and uniform compensation cannot adapt to the temperature drift characteristics of different areas, resulting in low overall detection accuracy; limited detection resolution in corner areas – the curved segment 312 corresponds to the corner area of ​​conductor 1, where the magnetic field distribution is complex and prone to local current anomalies, but the original sensor spacing is consistent with that of the straight segment 311, making it impossible to accurately capture subtle magnetic field changes in the corner area; weak anti-interference and fault tolerance capabilities – all sensor signals are transmitted and processed in a mixed manner, and electromagnetic interference or sensor failure in a single area can easily lead to false triggering; and the lack of an effective fault identification mechanism makes it difficult to distinguish between real current anomalies and system malfunctions, affecting equipment reliability.

[0083] This third embodiment provides an isolated smart fuse with high-precision and fast sampling and decision-making, which, in addition to the technical solutions of the above embodiments, also has the following technical features.

[0084] Please see Figure 8 The spacing between sensors in the detection group, which is shaped like a tortoise shell, is locally fine-tuned to increase the sensor density in the arc segment 312, so that the spacing between Hall sensors in the arc segment 312 is smaller than the spacing between Hall sensors in the straight segment 311. The Hall sensors in the arc segment 312 and the straight segment 311 are connected to different instrumentation amplifiers to form different data groups. Each data group is connected to the temperature compensation module of the corresponding area.

[0085] This high-precision, fast-sampling, and decision-making isolated smart fuse offers several advantages. First, it further improves the resolution of magnetic field detection in corner areas, accurately capturing local current anomalies. Furthermore, the arc segment 312 is less affected by the temperature of the conductor 1 compared to the straight segment 311, and increasing the sensor density in the arc segment 312 further enhances its anti-interference capability. Second, it uses zoned compensation to adapt to temperature differences in different areas, avoiding insufficient accuracy caused by uniform compensation and significantly reducing detection errors. Third, grouped acquisition combined with multi-group collaborative decision-making avoids interference from a single area or abnormal sensor signals, and enables rapid system fault identification through data group decision consistency judgment.

[0086] It should be noted that each data group corresponds to a different temperature zone, and temperature compensation is performed for each zone. Multiple data groups are collected, and when the rapid sampling decision system makes a decision, it is necessary to meet the requirement that the decision results of two or more data groups show that the current exceeds the set threshold before a passive trigger signal is sent to the electronic ignition component 21. If the decision results of different data groups are inconsistent multiple times, it indicates that a fault has occurred in the isolated magnetic field detection system or the negative feedback temperature drift compensation system.

[0087] Furthermore, the two detection groups include two straight segments 311 and four arc segments 312. The two arc segments 312 in one detection group are connected to the same instrumentation amplifier, meaning that a total of four instrumentation amplifiers are connected.

[0088] Example 4: This embodiment provides a control method for an isolated smart fuse with high-precision and fast sampling decision, which can be applied to any of the high-precision and fast sampling decision isolated smart fuses in Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 or Embodiment 3.

[0089] A fast sampling and decision method for isolated smart fuses includes: S1, The sensor sends the real-time current signal to the signal processing chip, and the signal processing chip samples the data in real time and records the sampled values ​​in the form of an array. S2, in real time, determine whether all the data in a set of arrays have reached the trigger threshold. If all the data have reached the trigger threshold and satisfy the "AND" logic, then trigger the ignition device. S3. If the "AND" logic is not satisfied and the trigger threshold is not reached, then determine whether the data in the next array has reached the trigger threshold. S4, judge sequentially until all sampled values ​​reach the trigger threshold, then trigger the ignition device.

[0090] It should be noted that the signal processing chip continuously acquires the current signal at fixed time intervals (sampling period), obtaining a series of sampled values: a1, a2, a... 3,a4,……,a n The system maintains a sliding window of length n. Each time a new value is collected, a new array containing n consecutive sampled values ​​is formed, which is used for judgment. These arrays... , ... In essence, it's the process of this sliding window continuously moving forward on the timeline. For example, a new sample value a n+1 When the time comes, a1 will slide out, and a2 will slide to a1's position. At this point, the value in the sliding window will become... The "AND logic" means that with each slide (i.e. each new sample value), the system checks whether all n values ​​in the current window are greater than or equal to the trigger threshold. As long as any set of n consecutive sample values ​​all reach or exceed the threshold, the "AND" logic is satisfied, and the ignition device is immediately triggered.

[0091] Furthermore, the sliding window length (n value) of the fast sampling decision system is added with an adaptive adjustment function. The sampling window length is automatically adjusted according to the current change rate. When the current is stable, the window is increased to improve anti-interference, and when the current changes abruptly, the window is decreased to improve response speed, thus achieving a dynamic balance between accuracy and response speed. At the same time, it has a current change rate monitoring function, which can predict potential overload risks in advance (such as latent faults with slow current rise), providing data support for preventive maintenance.

[0092] The further configured fast sampling and decision system includes a sampling module, a decision module, a current change rate calculation unit, and a window length adaptive adjustment unit. The current change rate calculation unit is signal-connected to the sampling module, and the window length adaptive adjustment unit is signal-connected to the current change rate calculation unit, the sampling module, and the decision module, respectively. The sampling module is used to perform high-frequency sampling of the current signal output by the Hall sensor (after zoned temperature compensation), with the sampling frequency set to 100kHz-1000kHz, and outputs a continuous sequence of sampled values. ,in This represents the current value from the nth sample. The current change rate calculation unit uses the difference method between adjacent sample values ​​to calculate the real-time current change rate, specifically: The sampling interval is set to Δt, which is determined by the sampling frequency (e.g., when the sampling frequency is 500kHz, Δt=200μs). Real-time acquisition of two consecutive sampled values ​​output by the sampling module and (k is the sampling number, k≥1); According to the formula Calculate the instantaneous rate of change of current ; For m consecutive instantaneous rates of change The average value is taken to obtain the smoothed real-time current change rate V, where m is taken as 5-10 to avoid the influence of instantaneous interference; the window length adaptive adjustment unit presets three change rate thresholds: (Low rate threshold, such as 0.5A / ms) (Medium rate threshold, such as 5A / ms) (High rate threshold, such as 50A / ms), and corresponding to three preset window lengths. (Large window, such as) ), (Middle window, such as) ), (Small window, such as) The adjustment logic is as follows: when (Current stable state): Control the length of the sliding window By extending the sampling period and averaging multiple sampling values ​​to filter electromagnetic interference, the accuracy of the judgment is improved. when (Slow current change state): Control the length of the sliding window Balancing anti-interference capability with response speed; when (Sudden current changes, such as a short circuit): Control the length of the sliding window. To shorten the sampling and decision cycle and quickly capture fault signals; the working logic of the decision module is as follows: Based on the adjusted sliding window length n by the window length adaptive adjustment unit, n consecutive sampled values ​​are extracted to form a detection window, and it is determined whether all sampled values ​​in the window exceed the set current threshold. If the above conditions are met, a passive trigger signal is sent to the electronic ignition component, based on the multi-data-group collaborative decision rule after partition compensation (at least two data groups determine that the current exceeds the limit). when If the duration of this state exceeds the preset threshold T (e.g., 3s), it is determined to be a hidden overload risk of slow current increase. The MCU module outputs a warning signal and records data such as the rate of change, duration, and peak current, providing support for preventive maintenance. When inconsistent judgment results occur from different data sets multiple times, a system fault warning is triggered synchronously, indicating an abnormality in the isolated magnetic field detection system or the negative feedback temperature drift compensation system. The current change rate calculation unit and the window length adaptive adjustment unit are integrated into the MCU module (such as the STM32 series microcontroller), requiring no additional hardware. They are connected to the sampling module and the judgment module only through pin signals. The corresponding control logic is implemented through software programming. On the basis of the original sampling and judgment algorithm, a change rate calculation subroutine, a window length adjustment subroutine, and a risk prediction subroutine are added. C language programming is used, which occupies little MCU storage space and does not affect the operation of the original functions.

[0093] Example 5: This embodiment provides a control method for an isolated smart fuse with high-precision and fast sampling decision, which can be applied to the isolated smart fuse with high-precision and fast sampling decision in any one of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 or Embodiment 3.

[0094] A negative feedback temperature drift compensation method for isolated smart fuses includes: S1, a PTC linear thermistor is selected as the negative feedback compensation resistor, and its resistance changes linearly with temperature. S2, Construct a negative feedback topology circuit adapted to PTC. This topology circuit includes three operational amplifiers, multiple fixed resistors of the same resistance, and a feedback resistor. The three operational amplifiers are respectively... , and Connect the PTC linear thermistor The negative feedback loop is connected in series with the feedback resistor to form a feedback link. and By fixing the resistor and respectively with The input and output terminals are coupled to construct a complete signal transmission and feedback path; S3, the input signal output by the Hall current sensor that is affected by temperature drift. Access topology Input terminal; S4, Output compensation signal .

[0095] It should be noted that the specific steps include: S1, Configuration of core compensation components: A PTC linear thermistor is selected as the negative feedback compensation resistor. The reference resistance R0 of the PTC linear thermistor is 10kΩ (at 25℃), and its resistance changes linearly with temperature. PTC =R0×(1+0.0064×(T-T0)), where T0=25℃, and T is the actual working temperature;

[0096] S2, Construct a negative feedback topology circuit adapted to PTC: The topology circuit includes 3 sets of LM321A-TR operational amplifiers (U1, U2, U3) and 12 fixed resistors and 1 feedback resistor R7. The parameters of the fixed resistors are configured as follows: , Feedback resistor The PTC linear thermistor is connected to the negative feedback loop of U1 and connected in series with R7 to form a feedback link. U2 and U3 are coupled to the input and output terminals of U1 respectively through fixed resistors to construct a complete signal transmission and feedback path. S3, Input the signal to be compensated: The input signal V output by the Hall current sensor, which is affected by temperature drift. IN Connect to the U1 input terminal of the topology circuit, V IN Satisfy with temperature change Where k is a coefficient, V IN0 This is the reference input signal at 25℃; S4, Perform negative feedback temperature drift compensation: Signal voltage division, coupling, and negative feedback adjustment are achieved through the topology circuit, sequentially completing the following signal processing: Signal V3 is generated by U3, and the input signal of U3 is obtained through voltage division by R4 and R5; U2 performs a difference operation between V3 and the output signal V0 of U1 to generate signal V2, and... The output V2 from U2 is divided by R2 and R3 to generate signal V1, and U1 is based on the input signal V IN Combined with feedback signal V1, and R PTC The negative feedback effect of R7 satisfies The final output is the compensation signal V0; Through the above circuit connection and signal processing flow, V0 is made to satisfy... Using R PTC The linear temperature response characteristics of V cancel out the linear temperature response characteristics of V. IN The temperature variable in the input signal V0 is such that it is only related to the reference input signal V at 25°C. IN0 Proportional to temperature drift compensation.

[0097] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0098] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-precision, fast-sampling and decision-making isolated smart fuse, characterized in that, include: A power conversion system is used to convert the customer input voltage into the stable operating voltage required by the equipment. The fuse body includes an interruption assembly (2), a detection and judgment assembly (3), an arc extinguishing assembly (4), and a conductor (1). The interruption assembly (2) includes an electronic ignition assembly (21) and a piston (22). An isolated magnetic field detection system is set on the magnetic field path of the conductor (1). The isolated magnetic field detection system uses a Hall sensor array to detect the current signal on the conductor (1) and output it to the negative feedback temperature drift compensation system. The negative feedback temperature drift compensation system is connected to the isolated magnetic field detection system and is used to compensate for the temperature drift of the received current signal before outputting it to the fast sampling and decision system. The fast sampling and decision system is connected to the negative feedback temperature drift compensation system. It is used to sample and make intelligent decisions on the current signal after temperature drift compensation. When it is determined that the current through the conductor (1) exceeds the set threshold, a passive trigger signal is sent to the electronic ignition assembly (21). The electronic ignition assembly (21) drives the piston (22) to cut off the conductor (1).

2. The high-precision, fast sampling and decision-making isolated smart fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductor (1) passes through the detection and judgment component (3). The detection and judgment component (3) is provided with an electronic control PCB board (31). The electronic control PCB board (31) is provided with an ignition and detonation module, an MCU module, a HALL sensor module, a temperature compensation module and a power conversion module. The electronic control PCB board (31) is provided with a rectangular slot (310) at the position corresponding to the conductor (1). The conductor (1) passes through the rectangular slot (310). The HALL sensor module has a built-in isolated magnetic field detection system. The HALL sensor module is equipped with a Hall sensor array. The Hall sensor array has a rectangular-elliptical array distribution structure or a semi-rectangular-elliptical array distribution structure. The Hall sensor array distribution structure is adapted to the length-width ratio of the conductor (1). The Hall sensor array is arranged along the boundary of the rectangular slot (310) and includes at least one detection group in the shape of a tortoise shell. Each detection group includes a straight segment (311) and two arc segments (312) at both ends of the straight segment (311). The straight segment (311) is parallel to the long side of the rectangular slot (310), and the arc segments (312) are distributed in an arc shape.

3. The high-precision, fast sampling and decision-making isolated smart fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spacing between sensors in the detection group that is shaped like a tortoise shell is locally fine-tuned to increase the sensor density in the arc segment (312) so that the spacing between Hall sensors in the arc segment (312) is smaller than the spacing between Hall sensors in the straight segment (311). The Hall sensors in the arc segment (312) and the straight segment (311) are connected to different instrumentation amplifiers to form different data groups. Each data group is connected to the temperature compensation module of the corresponding area.

4. The high-precision, fast sampling and decision-making isolated smart fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductor (1) includes two trigger bodies (11) connected in parallel. The interruption assembly (2) also includes an upper interruptor shell (23) and a lower interruptor shell (24). Two interruption assemblies (2) are provided inside the upper interruptor shell (23) and the lower interruptor shell (24). The two interruption assemblies (2) cut off the two trigger bodies (11) respectively.

5. The high-precision, fast sampling and decision-making isolated smart fuse according to claim 4, characterized in that, The trigger body (11) has a receiving groove (12) on the side near the piston (22), and the piston (22) passes through the receiving groove (12) and strikes the trigger body (11); The trigger body (11) has three strip-shaped grooves on the side away from the piston (22), including a weakening groove (111) in the middle and a bending groove (112) on both sides. The piston (22) is positioned directly above the weakening groove (111).

6. The high-precision, fast sampling and decision-making isolated smart fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection and judgment component (3) includes an electronic control PCB board (31), a metal shell (32) of the detection module, a plastic inner shell (33) of the detection module, and a plastic cover plate (34) of the detection module. The electronic control PCB board (31) is installed inside the plastic inner shell (33) and the plastic cover plate (34) of the detection module. The plastic inner shell (33) and the plastic cover plate (34) of the detection module are installed inside the metal shell (32) of the detection module. The electronic control PCB board (31), the metal shell (32) of the detection module, the plastic inner shell (33) of the detection module, and the plastic cover plate (34) of the detection module are all provided with through holes for the conductor (1) to pass through.

7. The high-precision, fast sampling and decision-making isolated smart fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the conductor (1) is fitted with heat dissipation fins (95).

8. A rapid sampling and decision method for isolated smart fuses, applicable to the high-precision rapid sampling and decision method for isolated smart fuses according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, The sensor sends the real-time current signal to the signal processing chip, and the signal processing chip samples the data in real time and records the sampled values ​​in the form of an array. S2, in real time, determine whether all the data in a set of arrays have reached the trigger threshold. If all the data have reached the trigger threshold and satisfy the "AND" logic, then trigger the ignition device. S3. If the "AND" logic is not satisfied and the trigger threshold is not reached, then determine whether the data in the next array has reached the trigger threshold. S4, judge sequentially until all sampled values ​​reach the trigger threshold, then trigger the ignition device.

9. A rapid sampling and decision method for isolated smart fuses according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a window length adaptive adjustment method, which automatically adjusts the sampling window length according to the current change rate. When the current is stable, the window is increased to improve anti-interference performance, and when the current changes abruptly, the window is decreased to improve response speed.

10. A negative feedback temperature drift compensation method for isolated smart fuses, applied to the high-precision, fast sampling and decision-making isolated smart fuses according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, a PTC linear thermistor is selected as the negative feedback compensation resistor, and its resistance changes linearly with temperature. S2, Construct a negative feedback topology circuit adapted to PTC. This topology circuit includes three operational amplifiers, multiple fixed resistors of the same resistance, and a feedback resistor. The three operational amplifiers are respectively... , and Connect the PTC linear thermistor The negative feedback loop is connected in series with the feedback resistor to form a feedback link. and By fixing the resistor and respectively with The input and output terminals are coupled to construct a complete signal transmission and feedback path; S3, the input signal output by the Hall current sensor that is affected by temperature drift. Access topology Input terminal; S4, Output compensation signal .

Images