Dynamic path short-time rain attenuation prediction method and device for low earth orbit satellite

Abstract

The invention provides a dynamic path short-time rain attenuation prediction method and device for a low-orbit satellite, relates to the technical field of satellite communication and radio propagation, and aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, rain attenuation prediction mostly aims at a stationary orbit satellite or a specific monitoring station of which the satellite-ground position is relatively fixed. The dynamic transit characteristic of the low-orbit satellite is not fully considered, so that the dynamic adaptability is poor, and the rain attenuation prediction precision is low. According to the method, a mode of dynamically generating equidistant sampling points along a real-time propagation path of the low-orbit satellite is provided, and the sampling points are always attached to a dynamic link through real-time coordinate transformation of azimuth angles and elevation angles, so that full-path rainfall information is covered, and the characteristics of acute change of the azimuth angles and the elevation angles of the low-orbit satellite are also adapted; the dual problems of poor dynamic adaptability and insufficient short-term prediction precision in the prior art are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of satellite communication and radio propagation technology, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus for predicting short-term rain attenuation in dynamic paths for low-Earth orbit satellites. Background Technology

[0002] As satellite communications evolve towards higher frequency bands such as the Ka band (typically referring to a frequency band between microwaves and millimeter waves) and the Q / V band (typically referring to the combined term for two adjacent high-frequency bands), electromagnetic wave absorption and scattering caused by rainfall (i.e., rain attenuation) has become a core factor limiting link availability. Because the wavelength of Ka-band electromagnetic waves is close to the size of raindrops, rain attenuation loss increases exponentially with increasing frequency. To ensure communication quality, real-time and accurate prediction of short-term rain attenuation fluctuations and the implementation of satellite mission planning and dynamic resource allocation, or the adoption of adaptive coding modulation or power control measures, are crucial. Currently, path integral prediction using high-resolution meteorological data combined with physical models has become a research hotspot.

[0003] However, in existing technologies, rain attenuation predictions are mostly targeted at geostationary satellites or specific monitoring stations with relatively fixed satellite-to-ground positions, without fully considering the dynamic transit characteristics of low-Earth orbit satellites, resulting in poor dynamic adaptability and low accuracy of rain attenuation predictions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for predicting short-term rain attenuation in dynamic paths for low-Earth orbit satellites, aiming to solve the technical problem that the rain attenuation prediction in the prior art is mostly aimed at geostationary orbit satellites or specific monitoring stations with relatively fixed satellite-ground positions, without fully considering the dynamic transit characteristics of low-Earth orbit satellites, resulting in poor dynamic adaptability and low rain attenuation prediction accuracy.

[0005] One aspect of the present invention provides a dynamic path-based short-term rainfall attenuation prediction method for low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, comprising: acquiring real-time LEO satellite orbital parameters, rain top height, and ground station altitude; determining the horizontal projection distance of the satellite-to-ground propagation path on the ground based on the satellite orbital parameters, rain top height, and ground station altitude, and determining the total number of sampling points based on the horizontal projection distance, wherein each sampling point represents a specific location on the satellite-to-ground propagation path; generating equally spaced sampling points along the horizontal projection direction of the satellite-to-ground propagation path with a preset step size based on the total number of sampling points, and determining the geographic coordinates of each sampling point; mapping the geographic coordinates of each sampling point to a meteorological grid array with a specified spatial resolution, and obtaining the equivalent rainfall rate of each sampling point using a bilinear interpolation model based on k fixed meteorological grid data centers around each sampling point; and predicting the rainfall attenuation on the LEO satellite propagation path using a pre-constructed path integral rainfall attenuation prediction model based on the equivalent rainfall rate.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, determining the geographic coordinates of each sampling point includes:

[0007] The horizontal distance from each sampling point to the ground station is determined by the horizontal projection direction along the satellite-to-ground propagation path. Based on the horizontal distance from each sampling point to the ground station, the geographic coordinates of each sampling point are determined using the principle of spherical projection and the longitude correction factor. The longitude correction factor is used to correct the longitude coordinate error caused by latitude variation.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, rain attenuation on the propagation path of a low-Earth orbit satellite is predicted based on the equivalent rainfall rate using a pre-built path integral rain attenuation prediction model. This includes: determining the actual physical length of the satellite-to-ground propagation path within the rainfall area based on the horizontal spacing between sampling points and the satellite elevation angle; obtaining the rainfall attenuation rate of each sampling point using a rainfall attenuation physical model based on a pre-determined target polarization coefficient; and integrating and accumulating the rainfall attenuation rates of all sampling points on the satellite-to-ground propagation path to obtain the predicted value of the rain attenuation.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the target polarization coefficient is predetermined, including: obtaining the horizontal polarization coefficient and the vertical polarization coefficient, which characterize the attenuation intensity per kilometer of horizontally or vertically polarized electromagnetic waves in rainfall at a given frequency; and determining the target polarization coefficient based on the horizontal polarization coefficient and the vertical polarization coefficient.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, determining a target polarization coefficient based on the horizontal polarization coefficient and the vertical polarization coefficient includes: determining a first target polarization coefficient based on the horizontal polarization coefficient and the vertical polarization coefficient; and determining a second target polarization coefficient based on the horizontal polarization coefficient, the vertical polarization coefficient, and the first target polarization coefficient.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rainfall attenuation physical model is constructed based on a power-law model.

[0012] Another aspect of the present invention provides a dynamic path-based short-term rainfall attenuation prediction device for low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, comprising: an acquisition module for acquiring real-time LEO satellite orbital parameters, rain top height, and ground station altitude; a first determination module for determining the horizontal projection distance of the satellite-to-ground propagation path on the ground based on the satellite orbital parameters, rain top height, and ground station altitude, and determining the total number of sampling points based on the horizontal projection distance, wherein each sampling point represents a specific location on the satellite-to-ground propagation path; a second determination module for generating equally spaced sampling points along the horizontal projection direction of the satellite-to-ground propagation path with a preset step size based on the total number of sampling points, and determining the geographic coordinates of each sampling point; a mapping module for mapping the geographic coordinates of each sampling point to a meteorological grid array with a specified spatial resolution, and obtaining the equivalent rainfall rate of each sampling point using a bilinear interpolation model based on k fixed meteorological grid data centers around each sampling point; and a prediction module for predicting rainfall attenuation on the LEO satellite propagation path based on the equivalent rainfall rate using a pre-constructed path integral rainfall attenuation prediction model.

[0013] Another aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device comprising: one or more processors; and a memory for storing one or more programs, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors cause the one or more processors to implement the method described above.

[0014] Another aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, are used to implement the method described above.

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention provides a computer program product including computer-executable instructions that, when executed, are used to implement the method described above.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the dynamic path short-term rain attenuation prediction method and apparatus for low-Earth orbit satellites provided in this invention have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) The method and apparatus for predicting short-term rain attenuation along the dynamic path of low-orbit satellites provided in this embodiment of the invention proposes a method of dynamically generating equally spaced sampling points along the real-time propagation path of low-orbit satellites. By transforming the real-time coordinates of azimuth and elevation angles, the sampling points are always aligned with the dynamic link, which not only covers the rainfall information of the entire path, but also adapts to the characteristics of drastic changes in the azimuth and elevation angles of low-orbit satellites. This effectively solves the dual problems of poor dynamic adaptability and insufficient short-term prediction accuracy of the existing technology, and realizes accurate prediction of short-term rain attenuation along the entire path in the dynamic link scenario of low-orbit satellites.

[0018] (2) The dynamic path short-term rain attenuation prediction method and device for low-orbit satellites provided in the embodiments of the present invention derives a unified rain attenuation integral formula that adapts to the full elevation angle range. The total number of samples is dynamically determined by the horizontal projection distance. There is no need to switch the calculation benchmark, which simplifies the full path integration logic and realizes the precise coupling of dynamic sampling points and high-resolution meteorological grids and the continuous extraction of rainfall rate.

[0019] (3) The dynamic path short-term rain attenuation prediction method and device for low-orbit satellites provided in this embodiment of the invention designed a sampling point geographic coordinate calculation model that integrates longitude correction factor, and realized accurate coordinate mapping of different latitude regions through spherical projection formula, eliminated the boundary calculation error of traditional fixed grid method, improved the accuracy of meteorological data mapping, and realized the rain attenuation prediction scenario adaptation of ground stations of different latitudes and longitudes and multi-frequency links.

[0020] (4) The dynamic path short-term rain attenuation prediction method and device for low-orbit satellites provided in the embodiments of the present invention precisely couples dynamic sampling points with high-resolution meteorological grids. By extracting rainfall data from k grids around the sampling point for interpolation calculation, the problem of insufficient meteorological mapping accuracy caused by the traditional grid screening method is solved. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a dynamic path short-duration rain attenuation prediction method for low-Earth orbit satellites according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0023] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the principle of dynamic path short-term rain attenuation prediction for low-Earth orbit satellites according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 The schematic diagram illustrates a structural block diagram of a dynamic path short-term rain attenuation prediction device for low-Earth orbit satellites according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 The diagram illustrates the structure of an electronic device suitable for implementing a dynamic path short-term rain attenuation prediction method for low-Earth orbit satellites according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention for ease of explanation. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0027] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The terms “comprising,” “including,” etc., as used herein indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0028] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein are to be interpreted in a manner consistent with the context of this specification, and not in an idealized or overly rigid way.

[0029] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B and C", they should generally be interpreted in accordance with the meaning that is commonly understood by those skilled in the art (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B and C" should include, but is not limited to, a system having A alone, a system having B alone, a system having C alone, a system having A and B, a system having A and C, a system having B and C, and / or a system having A, B and C, etc.).

[0030] In the embodiments of this invention, the collection, updating, analysis, processing, use, transmission, provision, disclosure, and storage of data (e.g., including but not limited to user personal information) comply with relevant laws and regulations, are used for legitimate purposes, and do not violate public order and good morals. In particular, necessary measures have been taken to prevent unauthorized access to user personal information data and to maintain the security of user personal information and network security.

[0031] Currently, using high-resolution meteorological data combined with physical models for path integral prediction has become a research hotspot. For example:

[0032] To address the accuracy requirements of short-term rainfall attenuation prediction in Ka-band satellite communication systems and to enable refined link design, a rainfall attenuation prediction method based on numerical weather prediction models is provided. This method first utilizes a mesoscale meteorological numerical model from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) system to forecast precipitation rate distribution; secondly, it establishes a power-law relationship model by incorporating frequency correlation coefficients from recommendations issued by relevant departments. This method can provide trend forecasts for the next few hours, demonstrating the feasibility of using weather forecasts to assist in satellite communication link design and operational planning.

[0033] Related technologies also address the attenuation prediction needs of 21GHz band satellite broadcasting systems under heavy rainfall conditions, studying an instantaneous correlation model between the spatial distribution of rainfall intensity along the propagation path and measured rainfall attenuation. This method acquires high-resolution meteorological monitoring data at 1km and performs refined integral accumulation on the rainfall area traversed by the satellite-to-ground link. Experiments demonstrate that the prediction accuracy considering the entire path rainfall distribution is significantly better than traditional single-point ground observation methods. However, the application scenarios of such studies are mostly for geostationary orbit satellites or specific monitoring stations with relatively fixed satellite-to-ground positions, without fully considering the dynamic transit characteristics of low-Earth orbit satellites.

[0034] Analysis reveals that existing technologies have several shortcomings in predicting rain attenuation from low-Earth orbit satellites:

[0035] Poor dynamic adaptability: Existing technologies are mostly designed for geostationary orbit satellites and do not fully consider the propagation path offset caused by the omnidirectional changes in the azimuth angle of low-orbit satellites, resulting in weak universality of prediction models under different transit scenarios.

[0036] Insufficient accuracy of meteorological mapping: Existing technologies typically use a coarse grid screening method (e.g., 10km) to extract rainfall rates. When processing high-resolution (e.g., 1km) meteorological grids, they cannot accurately match the instantaneous position on the propagation path, resulting in large boundary calculation errors.

[0037] High algorithm redundancy: When satellites pass over the area rapidly, if the fixed grid method is used, frequent geographic logic judgments are required to filter the affected areas, and the computational efficiency is difficult to meet the needs of real-time compensation.

[0038] In addition, existing technologies face two challenges in handling rain attenuation prediction for low-Earth orbit satellites:

[0039] Firstly, how to solve the problem of deviation in the calculation of sampling point coordinates caused by different longitude correction factors in different latitude regions.

[0040] Secondly, how to simplify the full path integral formula while ensuring prediction accuracy, so that it can be uniformly adapted to all scenarios with varying elevation angles.

[0041] Because Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites operate at high speeds and their azimuth and elevation angles change dramatically in real time during transit, existing prediction models are mostly based on static statistical parameters. Improved meteorological mapping methods often involve defining fixed grids around ground stations or using fixed observation points. For LEO satellites, their propagation paths rapidly "scan" in three-dimensional space. Using fixed-area screening methods would lead to inaccurate mapping between the path and the meteorological grid, computational lag, or the need for frequent switching of reference standards.

[0042] Based on this, the present invention proposes a mechanism for dynamically generating sampling points and performing bilinear interpolation mapping along the satellite's transit trajectory to achieve high-precision prediction under low-Earth orbit dynamic links. This mechanism is applicable to link quality optimization and resource scheduling in low-Earth orbit satellite communication systems, especially for Ku / Ka band communication links that are significantly affected by precipitation. By predicting rain attenuation changes in real time, it improves communication reliability and transmission efficiency.

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0044] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a dynamic path short-term rain attenuation prediction method for low-Earth orbit satellites according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the dynamic path short-term rain attenuation prediction method for low-Earth orbit satellites in this embodiment is mainly used for dynamic rain attenuation prediction of low-Earth orbit satellite-to-ground links in the Ka band, and may include operations S1 to S5.

[0046] In operation S1, real-time low-orbit satellite orbital parameters, rain top altitude, and ground station altitude are obtained.

[0047] In operation S2, the horizontal projection distance of the satellite-to-ground propagation path on the ground is determined based on the satellite orbit parameters, rain top height, and ground station altitude. Based on the horizontal projection distance, the total number of sampling points is determined, where each sampling point represents a specific location on the satellite-to-ground propagation path.

[0048] In operation S3, based on the total number of sampling points, equally spaced sampling points are generated along the horizontal projection direction of the satellite-to-ground propagation path with a preset step size, and the geographical coordinates of each sampling point are determined.

[0049] In operation S4, the geographic coordinates of each sampling point are mapped to a meteorological grid array with a specified spatial resolution, and the equivalent rainfall rate of each sampling point is obtained using a bilinear interpolation model based on the k fixed meteorological grid data centers around each sampling point.

[0050] In operation S5, based on the equivalent rainfall rate, a pre-built path integral rain attenuation prediction model is used to predict rain attenuation along the propagation path of low-Earth orbit satellites.

[0051] The dynamic path short-term rain attenuation prediction method for low-Earth orbit satellites provided in this invention is based on the core concept of abandoning the traditional fixed-area grid screening method and instead generating equally spaced sampling points along the dynamically changing propagation path according to the real-time geometric position changes of low-Earth orbit satellites during their passage, and performing refined mapping calculations in conjunction with high-resolution meteorological data.

[0052] The principle behind predicting link rain attenuation at a certain moment during a low-orbit satellite transit is detailed in [link to documentation]. Figure 2 As shown.

[0053] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the principle of dynamic path short-term rain attenuation prediction for low-Earth orbit satellites according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, after obtaining the real-time low-Earth orbit satellite orbit parameters, rain top altitude, and ground station altitude, the coordinates of the dynamic sampling point sequence of the satellite-to-ground propagation path are first calculated. Considering the real-time and large-amplitude fluctuations in the low-Earth orbit satellite azimuth angle β and elevation angle θ, a coordinate system based on the ground station is established. A dynamic spatial coordinate system with the origin, specifically:

[0055] Based on real-time forecasts of satellite elevation angle θ and rain top height h R and the altitude h of the ground station S Calculate the total horizontal projection length L of the satellite propagation path on the ground. G And based on the total horizontal projection length L G Determine the total number of sampling points N.

[0056] The total number of sampling points N can be determined as follows:

[0057]

[0058] Then, based on the total number of sampling points N, sampling points are dynamically generated, and the geographic coordinates of each sampling point are calculated. For example, sampling points can be set up along the horizontal projection direction of the propagation path (i.e., the azimuth β direction), starting from the ground station, with a fixed step size of 1km, and the geographic coordinates of each sampling point can be calculated to construct a dynamic spatial coordinate system.

[0059] By using dynamic coordinate transformation and equidistant sampling, the predicted path can always be aligned with the real-time satellite ground vector, significantly improving the accuracy of rain attenuation prediction during LEO transit.

[0060] After constructing the dynamic spatial coordinate system, the next step will be to obtain high-precision rainfall rates based on bilinear interpolation.

[0061] Since meteorological data (such as multi-source fusion real-time analysis products with a 1km resolution) is usually stored in fixed geographic grids, and dynamically generated sampling points may not accurately fall at the grid center, this embodiment uses spatial interpolation technology to improve data accuracy. Specifically:

[0062] First, the geographic coordinates (Lat) of each sampling point are... n Lon n The data is mapped to a weather grid array with a specified spatial resolution (e.g., 1km × 1km).

[0063] Then, based on the k fixed meteorological grid data centers surrounding each dynamic sampling point (e.g., the four nearest fixed meteorological grid data centers around each dynamic sampling point), the equivalent rainfall rate R for each sampling point is obtained using a bilinear interpolation algorithm. n This method ensures the continuity and spatial accuracy of the extracted rainfall intensity distribution during rapid satellite scanning, eliminating numerical jumps when crossing grid edges.

[0064] By using high-resolution meteorological data and introducing a bilinear interpolation algorithm, dynamic sampling points can be accurately coupled into a 1km resolution meteorological grid, eliminating the jump error at the grid edge.

[0065] The instantaneous rainfall rate R at all sampling points along the entire path was obtained. n Finally, the rain attenuation on the low-Earth orbit satellite propagation path is predicted using a pre-built path integral rain attenuation prediction model. For example, the rain attenuation physical model of the Ka band can be used for cumulative calculation to obtain the predicted value of the rain attenuation.

[0066] The present invention provides a method for predicting short-term rainfall attenuation along a dynamic path for low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites. This method proposes a method for dynamically generating equally spaced sampling points along the real-time propagation path of LEO satellites. By transforming the azimuth and elevation angles in real time, the sampling points are always aligned with the dynamic link, covering the entire path of rainfall information and adapting to the characteristics of drastic changes in the azimuth and elevation angles of LEO satellites. This effectively solves the dual problems of poor dynamic adaptability and insufficient short-term prediction accuracy in existing technologies, thereby achieving accurate prediction of short-term rainfall attenuation along the entire path in the dynamic link scenario of LEO satellites.

[0067] According to an embodiment of the present invention, determining the geographic coordinates of each sampling point in operation S3 may specifically include:

[0068] The horizontal distance from each sampling point to the ground station is determined by the horizontal projection direction along the satellite-to-ground propagation path. Based on the horizontal distance from each sampling point to the ground station, the geographic coordinates of each sampling point are determined using the principle of spherical projection and the longitude correction factor. The longitude correction factor is used to correct the longitude coordinate error caused by latitude variation.

[0069] For example, in this embodiment, the horizontal distance from the nth sampling point (n=0, 1, ..., N) to the ground station is defined as dn=n (km). Then, using spherical projection and longitude correction factors, the real-time geographic coordinates (Lat) of each sampling point are calculated. n Lon n ):

[0070]

[0071] Where 1 / 111 represents the conversion factor cos(Lat) between latitude degrees and kilometers. o () is a longitude correction factor adapted to different latitude regions.

[0072] This formula is universally applicable to all azimuth and elevation angle scenarios, compatible with ground stations at different latitudes and multi-band links such as Ku / Ka, and can adapt to the diverse application needs of LEO constellations without additional adjustments.

[0073] According to an embodiment of the present invention, operation S4 predicts the rain attenuation along the propagation path of a low-Earth orbit satellite based on the equivalent rainfall rate using a pre-built path integral rain attenuation prediction model, specifically including:

[0074] Based on the horizontal spacing between sampling points and the satellite elevation angle, the actual physical length of the satellite-to-ground propagation path within the rainfall area is determined; based on the predetermined target polarization coefficient, the rainfall attenuation rate of each sampling point is obtained using the rainfall attenuation physical model; the rainfall attenuation rates of all sampling points along the satellite-to-ground propagation path are integrated and accumulated to obtain the predicted value of rainfall attenuation.

[0075] For example, in this embodiment, the actual physical length l (unit: km) of the path segment within the rainfall area is first calculated based on the horizontal spacing of the sampling points (1 km) and the real-time satellite elevation angle θ.

[0076]

[0077] Then, based on the predetermined target polarization coefficients (k and α), the rainfall attenuation rate γ(R) at each sampling point is obtained using a rainfall attenuation physical model (e.g., a power-law model). n (Unit: dB / km):

[0078]

[0079] Finally, the predicted rain attenuation value A is obtained by integrating and summing all sampling points along the propagation path. estimation (Unit: dB):

[0080]

[0081] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the target polarization coefficient is predetermined, which may specifically include:

[0082] Obtain the horizontal and vertical polarization coefficients, which characterize the attenuation intensity of horizontally or vertically polarized electromagnetic waves per kilometer in rainfall at a given frequency; determine the target polarization coefficient based on the horizontal and vertical polarization coefficients.

[0083] For example, since low-Earth orbit satellites mostly use circular polarization or bilinear polarization for transmission, and due to the high-speed motion of the satellite, the elevation angle θ of the satellite-to-ground vector changes in real time. Therefore, in this embodiment, according to the recommendations issued by relevant departments (such as ITU-R RP.838 recommendation), the horizontal polarization coefficient (k) characterizing the attenuation intensity of horizontally or vertically polarized electromagnetic waves per kilometer in rainfall at a given frequency is substituted. H ,α H ) and vertical polarization coefficient (k V ,α V This is used to calculate the target polarization coefficients k and α that are adapted to the current link geometry in real time.

[0084] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the target polarization coefficient is determined based on the horizontal polarization coefficient and the vertical polarization coefficient, which may specifically include:

[0085] Based on the horizontal and vertical polarization coefficients, the first target polarization coefficient is determined; based on the horizontal, vertical, and first target polarization coefficients, the second target polarization coefficient is determined.

[0086] For example, in this embodiment, the target polarization coefficient (first target polarization coefficient k and second target polarization coefficient α) can be determined using the following formula:

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] Where τ represents the polarization tilt angle relative to the horizontal position (τ=0° for horizontal polarization, τ=90° for vertical polarization, and τ=45° for circular polarization).

[0090] Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the structure of a dynamic path short-term rain attenuation prediction device for low-Earth orbit satellites according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0091] like Figure 3As shown, the dynamic path short-term rain attenuation prediction device 300 for low-Earth orbit satellites according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: an acquisition module 310, a first determination module 320, a second determination module 330, a mapping module 340, and a prediction module 350.

[0092] The acquisition module 310 is used to acquire real-time low-orbit satellite orbital parameters, rain top height, and ground station altitude.

[0093] The first determining module 320 is used to determine the horizontal projection distance of the satellite-to-ground propagation path on the ground based on the satellite orbit parameters, rain top height and ground station altitude, and to determine the total number of sampling points based on the horizontal projection distance, wherein each sampling point represents a specific location on the satellite-to-ground propagation path.

[0094] The second determining module 330 is used to generate equally spaced sampling points along the horizontal projection direction of the star-to-ground propagation path based on the total number of sampling points, with a preset step size, and to determine the geographical coordinates of each sampling point.

[0095] The mapping module 340 is used to map the geographic coordinates of each sampling point to a meteorological grid array with a specified spatial resolution, and to obtain the equivalent rainfall rate of each sampling point based on the k fixed meteorological grid data centers around each sampling point using a bilinear interpolation model.

[0096] The prediction module 350 is used to predict rain attenuation on the propagation path of low-Earth orbit satellites based on the equivalent rainfall rate and using a pre-built path integral rain attenuation prediction model.

[0097] Any one or more of the modules, submodules, units, and subunits according to embodiments of the present invention, or at least part of the functions of any one or more of them, can be implemented in a single module. Any one or more of the modules, submodules, units, and subunits according to embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by being divided into multiple modules. Any one or more of the modules, submodules, units, and subunits according to embodiments of the present invention can be at least partially implemented as hardware circuits, such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic arrays (PLAs), systems-on-a-chip, systems-on-a-substrate, systems-on-package, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or implemented in hardware or firmware by any other reasonable means of integrating or packaging circuits, or implemented in software, hardware, and firmware, or in any suitable combination of any of these three implementation methods. Alternatively, one or more of the modules, submodules, units, and subunits according to embodiments of the present invention can be at least partially implemented as computer program modules, which, when run, can perform corresponding functions.

[0098] For example, any plurality of the acquisition module 310, the first determination module 320, the second determination module 330, the mapping module 340, and the prediction module 350 can be combined into one module / unit / subunit, or any one of these modules / units / subunits can be split into multiple modules / units / subunits. Alternatively, at least part of the functionality of one or more of these modules / units / subunits can be combined with at least part of the functionality of other modules / units / subunits and implemented in one module / unit / subunit. According to embodiments of the present invention, at least one of the acquisition module 310, the first determination module 320, the second determination module 330, the mapping module 340, and the prediction module 350 can be at least partially implemented as hardware circuitry, such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA), a system-on-a-chip, a system-on-a-substrate, a system-on-package, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or any other reasonable means of integrating or packaging the circuitry, or implemented in software, hardware, or firmware, or in any suitable combination of any of these three implementation methods. Alternatively, at least one of the acquisition module 310, the first determination module 320, the second determination module 330, the mapping module 340, and the prediction module 350 may be implemented at least partially as a computer program module, which can perform corresponding functions when the computer program module is run.

[0099] It should be noted that the dynamic path short-term rain attenuation prediction device for low-Earth orbit satellites in the embodiments of the present invention corresponds to the dynamic path short-term rain attenuation prediction method for low-Earth orbit satellites in the embodiments of the present invention. For a detailed description of the dynamic path short-term rain attenuation prediction device for low-Earth orbit satellites, please refer to the dynamic path short-term rain attenuation prediction processing method for low-Earth orbit satellites, which will not be repeated here.

[0100] Figure 4 The diagram illustrates the structure of an electronic device suitable for implementing a dynamic path short-term rain attenuation prediction method for low-Earth orbit satellites according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0101] like Figure 4As shown, an electronic device 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a processor 401, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 402 or a program loaded from a storage portion 408 into a random access memory (RAM) 403. The processor 401 may include, for example, a general-purpose microprocessor (e.g., a CPU), an instruction set processor and / or an associated chipset and / or a special-purpose microprocessor (e.g., an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), etc. The processor 401 may also include onboard memory for caching purposes. The processor 401 may include a single processing unit or multiple processing units for performing different actions of the method flow according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0102] The storage section 408 stores various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 400. The processor 401, ROM 402, and storage section 408 are interconnected via bus 404. The processor 401 executes various operations of the method flow according to embodiments of the present invention by executing programs in ROM 402 and / or storage section 408. It should be noted that the programs may also be stored in one or more memories other than ROM 402 and storage section 408. The processor 401 may also execute various operations of the method flow according to embodiments of the present invention by executing programs stored in said one or more memories.

[0103] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the electronic device 400 may further include an input / output (I / O) interface 405, which is also connected to a bus 404. The electronic device 400 may also include one or more of the following components connected to the input / output (I / O) interface 405: an input section 406 including a keyboard, mouse, etc.; an output section 407 including a cathode ray tube (CRT), liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., and a speaker, etc.; a storage section 408 including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication section 409 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, modem, etc. The communication section 409 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 410 is also connected to the input / output (I / O) interface 405 as needed. A removable medium 411, such as a disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, semiconductor memory, etc., is installed on the drive 410 as needed so that computer programs read from it can be installed into the storage section 408 as needed.

[0104] According to embodiments of the present invention, the method flow according to embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable storage medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the method shown in the flowchart. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via communication section 409, and / or installed from removable medium 411. When the computer program is executed by processor 401, it performs the functions defined in the system of the embodiments of the present invention. According to embodiments of the present invention, the systems, devices, apparatuses, modules, units, etc., described above can be implemented by computer program modules.

[0105] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be included in the device / apparatus / system described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the device / apparatus / system. The computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs, which, when executed, implement the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0106] According to embodiments of the present invention, the computer-readable storage medium may be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. Examples include, but are not limited to: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In the present invention, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0107] For example, according to embodiments of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may include the ROM 402 and / or storage portion 408 described above and / or one or more memories other than ROM 402 and storage portion 408.

[0108] Embodiments of the present invention also include a computer program product comprising a computer program containing program code for performing the methods provided in the embodiments of the present invention. When the computer program product is run on an electronic device, the program code is used to enable the electronic device to implement the methods provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0109] When the computer program is executed by the processor 401, it performs the functions defined in the system / apparatus of this embodiment of the invention. According to embodiments of the invention, the systems, apparatuses, modules, units, etc., described above can be implemented by computer program modules.

[0110] In one embodiment, the computer program may rely on a tangible storage medium such as an optical storage device or a magnetic storage device. In another embodiment, the computer program may also be transmitted and distributed in the form of signals over a network medium, and downloaded and installed via communication section 409, and / or installed from removable medium 411. The program code contained in the computer program can be transmitted using any suitable network medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wired, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0111] According to embodiments of the present invention, program code for executing the computer programs provided in the embodiments of the present invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. Specifically, these computational programs can be implemented using high-level procedural and / or object-oriented programming languages, and / or assembly / machine languages. Programming languages ​​include, but are not limited to, languages ​​such as Java, C++, Python, "C", or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computing device, partially on the user's device, partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In cases involving remote computing devices, the remote computing device can be connected to the user's computing device via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computing device (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0112] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in a block diagram or flowchart, may be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions. Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in the present invention. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined and / or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present invention. All such combinations and / or pairings fall within the scope of this invention.

[0113] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, these embodiments are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Although various embodiments have been described above, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used advantageously in combination. Various substitutions and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention, and all such substitutions and modifications should fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic path short-duration rain attenuation prediction method for low-Earth orbit satellites, characterized in that, The method includes: Acquire real-time low-Earth orbit satellite orbital parameters, rain top altitude, and ground station altitude; Based on the satellite orbit parameters, the rain top height, and the ground station altitude, the horizontal projection distance of the satellite-to-ground propagation path on the ground is determined, and based on the horizontal projection distance, the total number of sampling points is determined, wherein each sampling point represents a specific location on the satellite-to-ground propagation path; Based on the total number of sampling points, equally spaced sampling points are generated along the horizontal projection direction of the star-to-ground propagation path with a preset step size, and the geographical coordinates of each sampling point are determined. The geographic coordinates of each sampling point are mapped to a meteorological grid array with a specified spatial resolution, and the equivalent rainfall rate of each sampling point is obtained using a bilinear interpolation model based on k fixed meteorological grid data centers around each sampling point. Based on the equivalent rainfall rate, a pre-built path integral rain attenuation prediction model is used to predict rain attenuation along the propagation path of low-Earth orbit satellites.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the geographic coordinates of each sampling point includes: Determine the horizontal distance from each sampling point to the ground station by projecting the horizontal direction along the satellite-to-ground propagation path; Based on the horizontal distance from each sampling point to the ground station, the geographical coordinates of each sampling point are determined using the principle of spherical projection and a longitude correction factor. The longitude correction factor is used to correct longitude coordinate errors caused by latitude variations.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of predicting rain attenuation along the propagation path of low-Earth orbit satellites based on the equivalent rainfall rate using a pre-built path integral rain attenuation prediction model includes: The actual physical length of the satellite-to-ground propagation path within the rainfall area is determined based on the horizontal spacing between sampling points and the satellite elevation angle. Based on the predetermined target polarization coefficient, the rainfall attenuation rate at each sampling point is obtained using a rainfall attenuation physical model. The rainfall attenuation rate at all sampling points along the satellite-to-ground propagation path is integrated and accumulated to obtain the predicted value of rainfall attenuation.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Predetermining the target polarization coefficient includes: Obtain the horizontal polarization coefficient and vertical polarization coefficient, which characterize the attenuation intensity of horizontally or vertically polarized electromagnetic waves per kilometer in rainfall at a given frequency; The target polarization coefficient is determined based on the horizontal polarization coefficient and the vertical polarization coefficient.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Determining the target polarization coefficient based on the horizontal polarization coefficient and the vertical polarization coefficient includes: Based on the horizontal polarization coefficient and the vertical polarization coefficient, a first target polarization coefficient is determined; The second target polarization coefficient is determined based on the horizontal polarization coefficient, the vertical polarization coefficient, and the first target polarization coefficient.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The physical model for rainfall attenuation is based on a power-law model.

7. A dynamic path short-duration rain attenuation prediction device for low-Earth orbit satellites, characterized in that, The device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire real-time low-Earth orbit satellite orbital parameters, rain top height, and ground station altitude. The first determining module is used to determine the horizontal projection distance of the satellite-to-ground propagation path on the ground based on the satellite orbit parameters, the rain top height and the ground station altitude, and to determine the total number of sampling points based on the horizontal projection distance, wherein each sampling point represents a specific location on the satellite-to-ground propagation path; The second determining module is used to generate equally spaced sampling points along the horizontal projection direction of the star-to-ground propagation path based on the total number of sampling points, with a preset step size, and to determine the geographical coordinates of each sampling point. The mapping module is used to map the geographic coordinates of each sampling point to a meteorological grid array with a specified spatial resolution, and to obtain the equivalent rainfall rate of each sampling point based on the k fixed meteorological grid data centers around each sampling point using a bilinear interpolation model. The prediction module is used to predict the rain attenuation on the propagation path of low-orbit satellites based on the equivalent rainfall rate and using a pre-built path integral rain attenuation prediction model.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; Storage device for storing one or more programs; Wherein, when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having executable instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by the processor, this instruction causes the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program or instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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