Data transmission method, electronic device, storage medium and computer program product

Abstract

The invention discloses a data transmission method, an electronic device, a storage medium and a computer program product, relates to the technical field of distributed video and audio transmission and network control, and is applied to a distributed network which comprises at least one candidate sending device and at least one candidate receiving device. Comprising the following steps: for any target sending device in candidate sending devices, in response to a first energy efficiency synchronization message of the target sending device, determining a target receiving device corresponding to the target sending device based on the first energy efficiency synchronization message and a preset energy efficiency global table; obtaining a network path parameter from the target sending device to the target receiving device, and determining a delay starting duration of the target receiving device based on the network path parameter; and under the condition that the second energy efficiency synchronization message of the target receiving equipment is received, starting the target receiving equipment based on the delayed starting duration, and sending the data stream buffered in the target sending equipment to the target receiving equipment. The problem that the response effect is poor is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of distributed audio and video transmission and network control technology, and in particular to a data transmission method, electronic device, storage medium and computer program product. Background Technology

[0002] With the popularization of distributed data transmission technology, networked transmitting and receiving devices are widely used in scenarios such as conferencing systems and digital signage. Achieving rapid wake-up has become a key focus in the industry. Current technologies typically employ high-precision clock protocol alignment or video stream feature detection. The high-precision clock protocol alignment solution places extremely high demands on the hardware performance of the network switch, and the clock relocking after wake-up takes several seconds, preventing the device from starting up promptly and thus failing to achieve instant screen illumination. The video stream feature detection-based solution suffers from response lag; when the receiving device detects a data packet, the corresponding hardware may not yet be fully powered on, resulting in lost video feed. Therefore, current data transmission methods suffer from poor response performance.

[0003] The above content is only used to help understand the technical solution of this application and does not represent an admission that the above content is prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this application is to provide a data transmission method, electronic device, storage medium, and computer program product, aiming to solve the technical problem of poor response performance.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application proposes a data transmission method applied to a distributed network, the distributed network including at least one candidate transmitting device and at least one candidate receiving device, the data transmission method comprising: For any target transmitting device among the candidate transmitting devices, in response to the first energy efficiency synchronization message of the target transmitting device, the target receiving device corresponding to the target transmitting device is determined based on the first energy efficiency synchronization message and the preset energy efficiency global table. Obtain the network path parameters from the target transmitting device to the target receiving device, and determine the delayed startup duration of the target receiving device based on the network path parameters; Upon receiving the second energy efficiency synchronization message from the target receiving device, the target receiving device is started based on the delay start duration, and the data stream buffered in the target transmitting device is sent to the target receiving device.

[0006] In one embodiment, the first energy efficiency synchronization message is generated when a level change event occurs in the target transmitting device, the level change event including a change in the physical level of the corresponding input interface of the target transmitting device, the physical level including the power supply voltage or clock signal; the second energy efficiency synchronization message is generated when a state change event occurs in the target receiving device, the state change event including a change in the hot-plug detection signal of the corresponding output interface of the target receiving device.

[0007] In one embodiment, the step of determining the target receiving device corresponding to the target transmitting device based on the first energy efficiency synchronization message and a preset global energy efficiency table includes: Parse the device identifier in the first energy efficiency synchronization message; The target receiving device associated with the device identifier is queried in the preset global energy efficiency table. The preset global energy efficiency table includes the association between each candidate transmitting device and each candidate receiving device in the distributed network. The association is represented by the device identifier.

[0008] In one embodiment, the network path parameters include at least one of the number of logical nodes and the path cost; The step of obtaining the network path parameters from the target transmitting device to the target receiving device includes at least one of the following: The number of logical nodes from the target transmitting device to the target receiving device is determined based on the network topology information of the distributed network. Send a probe message to the distributed network and receive a response message to determine the round-trip transmission time. Calculate the one-way transmission time and transmission jitter based on the round-trip transmission time, and determine the path cost based on the one-way transmission time, the transmission jitter, and the number of logical nodes.

[0009] In one embodiment, the step of determining the delayed startup duration of the target receiving device based on the network path parameters includes: Obtain the local startup time of the target receiving device; The estimated arrival time of the data stream is calculated based on the encoding initialization time of the target transmitting device and the network path parameters. The difference between the estimated arrival time of the data stream and the local startup time is used as the delayed startup time of the target receiving device.

[0010] In one embodiment, the steps of activating the target receiving device based on the delay start duration and sending the buffered data stream in the target transmitting device to the target receiving device include: If the delay start duration is positive, then the target transmitting device is notified to send the buffered data stream to the target receiving device, and the target receiving device is delayed by the delay start duration before performing a graded power-on; If the delay start-up duration is negative, then the target receiving device is given a graded power-on, and the target transmitting device is notified to delay the transmission of the buffered data stream.

[0011] In one embodiment, the data transmission method further includes: Upon detecting a hibernation command, the hibernation level field in the hibernation command is retrieved; When the sleep level field is an interface-level sleep field, the power supply to the output interface corresponding to the candidate receiving device is cut off, and the physical level of the input interface corresponding to the candidate transmitting device is continuously monitored. When the sleep level field is the peripheral level sleep field, the power supply to the output interface corresponding to the candidate receiving device, the candidate transmitting device and / or the auxiliary function chip corresponding to the candidate receiving device is cut off, the physical level of the input interface corresponding to the candidate transmitting device is continuously monitored, and the core processor and network interface in the candidate transmitting device and / or the candidate receiving device are kept running. When the sleep level field is the core link level sleep field, the power supply to the output interface corresponding to the candidate receiving device, the candidate transmitting device, and / or the auxiliary function chip corresponding to the candidate receiving device is cut off. The physical level of the input interface corresponding to the candidate transmitting device is continuously monitored. The core processor and network interface in the candidate transmitting device and / or the candidate receiving device are kept running. The core processor is placed in sleep mode, and the network physical layer in the network interface is set to wake-up listening state.

[0012] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a data transmission apparatus applied to a distributed network, the distributed network including at least one candidate transmitting device and at least one candidate receiving device, the data transmission apparatus comprising: The device ready module is used to respond to an energy efficiency synchronization message and determine a target transmitting device and a target receiving device based on the energy efficiency synchronization message, wherein the energy efficiency synchronization message is determined by the candidate transmitting device and / or the candidate receiving device. The latency calculation module is used to obtain the network path parameters from the target transmitting device to the target receiving device, and determine the delayed startup duration of the target receiving device based on the network path parameters. The data transmission module is used to start the target receiving device based on the delay start duration and to send the data stream buffered in the target transmitting device to the target receiving device.

[0013] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes an electronic device, the device comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being configured to implement the steps of the data transmission method as described above.

[0014] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the data transmission method described above.

[0015] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the data transmission method described above.

[0016] This application provides a data transmission method applied to a distributed network, the distributed network including at least one candidate transmitting device and at least one candidate receiving device. The data transmission method includes: for any target transmitting device among the candidate transmitting devices, in response to a first energy efficiency synchronization message from the target transmitting device, determining a target receiving device corresponding to the target transmitting device based on the first energy efficiency synchronization message and a preset global energy efficiency table; obtaining network path parameters from the target transmitting device to the target receiving device, and determining a delayed start-up duration for the target receiving device based on the network path parameters; and, if a second energy efficiency synchronization message from the target receiving device has been received, starting the target receiving device based on the delayed start-up duration and sending the data stream buffered in the target transmitting device to the target receiving device.

[0017] This application responds to the first energy efficiency synchronization message from the target transmitting device, and determines the corresponding target receiving device by combining a preset global energy efficiency table. This solves the problem of wake-up delay caused by the inability to respond in a timely manner in the prior art, achieving the effect of quickly sensing and triggering the wake-up process. Secondly, it obtains network path parameters and determines the delayed start-up duration of the target receiving device based on them. By quantifying the network transmission delay, it solves the problem of premature waiting or late black screen caused by inaccurate start-up timing of the receiving device, achieving precise alignment between the start-up sequence and the arrival time of the data stream. Finally, after receiving the second energy efficiency synchronization message from the target receiving device, it starts the target receiving device based on the delayed start-up duration and sends a buffered data stream. Through bidirectional state synchronization and condition release, it ensures that the receiving device receives data only after the display link is ready, solving the problem of screen loss during the wake-up process and achieving the technical effect of instant presentation. Compared with existing technologies, this solution breaks through the limitations of traditional reliance on clock synchronization or packet detection: on the one hand, by replacing high-precision clock protocols with energy efficiency synchronization messages, it reduces the stringent requirements on switch hardware and avoids the several-second delay caused by clock relocking after deep sleep; on the other hand, by replacing passive response with a predictive wake-up mechanism, it eliminates the screen loss window caused by the hardware not being turned on when the video stream arrives. At the same time, by dynamically adjusting the startup timing through network path parameters, it enables the receiving device to power on just before the video stream arrives, significantly improving the wake-up response speed and energy efficiency management accuracy, and solving the problems of poor response effect and low device synchronization efficiency in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the data transmission method of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the distributed network architecture provided in Embodiment 1 of the data transmission method of this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating Embodiment 2 of the data transmission method of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the data transmission device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the hardware operating environment involved in the data transmission method in the embodiments of this application.

[0021] The purpose, features, and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0022] It should be understood that the first embodiment described herein is merely used to explain the technical solution of this application and is not intended to limit this application.

[0023] To better understand the technical solution of this application, a detailed description will be provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0024] The first embodiment of this application is applied to a distributed network, which includes at least one candidate transmitting device and at least one candidate receiving device. The main solution is as follows: For any target transmitting device among the candidate transmitting devices, in response to the first energy efficiency synchronization message of the target transmitting device, the target receiving device corresponding to the target transmitting device is determined based on the first energy efficiency synchronization message and a preset global energy efficiency table; the network path parameters from the target transmitting device to the target receiving device are obtained, and the delayed start-up duration of the target receiving device is determined based on the network path parameters; if the second energy efficiency synchronization message of the target receiving device has been received, the target receiving device is started based on the delayed start-up duration, and the data stream buffered in the target transmitting device is sent to the target receiving device.

[0025] In the first embodiment, for ease of description, the following description uses a data transmission device (e.g., a controller) as the execution subject.

[0026] With the popularization of distributed data transmission technology, networked transmitting and receiving devices are widely used in scenarios such as conferencing systems and digital signage. Achieving rapid wake-up has become a key focus in the industry. Existing technologies typically employ solutions based on high-precision clock protocol alignment or video stream feature detection. The high-precision clock protocol alignment solution places extremely high demands on the hardware performance of the network switch, and the clock relocking after wake-up takes several seconds, preventing the device from starting up promptly and thus failing to achieve instant screen illumination. The video stream feature detection-based solution suffers from response lag; when the receiving device detects a data packet, the corresponding hardware may not yet be fully powered on, resulting in lost video feed.

[0027] This application provides a solution that, in response to the first energy efficiency synchronization message from the target transmitting device, determines the corresponding target receiving device by combining a preset global energy efficiency table. This solves the problem of wake-up delay caused by the inability to respond in a timely manner in existing technologies, achieving the effect of rapid perception and triggering the wake-up process. Secondly, it obtains network path parameters and determines the delayed start-up duration of the target receiving device based on these parameters. By quantifying network transmission latency, it solves the problem of premature waiting or late black screen caused by inaccurate start-up timing of the receiving device, achieving precise alignment between the start-up sequence and the arrival time of the data stream. Finally, after receiving the second energy efficiency synchronization message from the target receiving device, it starts the target receiving device based on the delayed start-up duration and sends a buffered data stream. Through bidirectional state synchronization and condition release, it ensures that the receiving device receives data only after the display link is ready, solving the problem of screen loss during the wake-up process and achieving the technical effect of instantaneous presentation. Compared with existing technologies, this solution breaks through the limitations of traditional reliance on clock synchronization or packet detection: on the one hand, by replacing high-precision clock protocols with energy efficiency synchronization messages, it reduces the stringent requirements on switch hardware and avoids the several-second delay caused by clock relocking after deep sleep; on the other hand, by replacing passive response with a predictive wake-up mechanism, it eliminates the screen loss window caused by the hardware not being turned on when the video stream arrives. At the same time, by dynamically adjusting the startup timing through network path parameters, it enables the receiving device to power on just before the video stream arrives, significantly improving the wake-up response speed and energy efficiency management accuracy, and solving the problems of poor response effect and low device synchronization efficiency in existing technologies.

[0028] It should be noted that the executing entity in the first embodiment can be a computing service device with data processing, network communication, and program execution functions, such as a tablet computer, personal computer, mobile phone, or other electronic device, or a system, application, or program capable of implementing the above functions. The first embodiment and the following embodiments will be described using a data transmission device (e.g., a controller) as an example.

[0029] All actions involving the acquisition of signals, information, or data in this application are carried out in accordance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where the application is located, and with the authorization of the owner of the relevant device.

[0030] Based on this, the embodiments of this application provide a data transmission method, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the data transmission method of this application.

[0031] In this embodiment, the data transmission method is applied to a distributed network, which includes at least one candidate transmitting device and at least one candidate receiving device. The data transmission method includes steps S01 to S03: Step S01: For any target transmitting device among the candidate transmitting devices, in response to the first energy efficiency synchronization message of the target transmitting device, determine the target receiving device corresponding to the target transmitting device based on the first energy efficiency synchronization message and the preset global energy efficiency table; It should be noted that a distributed network is a system composed of multiple interconnected nodes, including candidate transmitting devices and candidate receiving devices. Nodes are connected via a controller to collaboratively transmit and process data. A candidate transmitting device is a hardware unit connected to the signal source side, responsible for acquiring, encoding, and generating data streams. It has a physical input interface to connect to external signal sources (such as computers or cameras), a built-in processing unit, and a network interface, capable of monitoring changes in the physical level of the input interface and generating source-end ready notifications. A candidate receiving device is a hardware unit connected to the display terminal side, responsible for receiving, decoding, and outputting data streams to the display. It has a physical output interface, a built-in power management module, and supports tiered power-on and precise wake-up based on delay start-up duration. The controller is the logical management unit in the distributed network, running on a server or specific node, responsible for global topology maintenance, route arbitration, and energy efficiency scheduling. It maintains a preset global energy efficiency table, recording the online status, subscription relationships, and network path parameters of all candidate transmitting and receiving devices. The target transmitting and receiving devices are the actual pair of devices participating in this data transmission, determined logically after being triggered by the first energy efficiency synchronization message. The target sending device is the device that needs to send data (such as an encoder that detects a laptop connection); the target receiving device is the device that needs to receive the data (such as one or more decoders that are currently subscribed to the encoder's video stream).

[0032] For example, to aid in understanding the technical concept or principles of this application, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a distributed network architecture is provided. This distributed network includes multiple candidate transmitting devices (transmitting device 1 to transmitting device n) and multiple candidate receiving devices (receiving device 1 to receiving device n), as well as a controller. The candidate transmitting devices are used to access the signal source and generate data streams, the candidate receiving devices are used to receive the data streams and output them to the display terminal, and the controller, as the logical management unit in the network, is responsible for routing arbitration and energy efficiency scheduling. All devices are interconnected through the network to collaboratively achieve data transmission and energy efficiency management in a distributed environment.

[0033] Additionally, it should be noted that energy efficiency synchronization messages are control messages transmitted in a distributed network, used to transmit energy efficiency management information between devices. They may include at least a first energy efficiency synchronization message and a second energy efficiency synchronization message. These messages are generated and reported by candidate sending and / or candidate receiving devices based on their own status changes (such as detecting signal source access, display device connection or disconnection), or they may be actively sent by the controller. The message content must at least include device identifier, status information, timestamp, and security authentication fields. The presence of an energy efficiency synchronization message indicates that a signal source has been accessed by a candidate sending and / or candidate receiving device, requiring an immediate notification to wake up the devices (including the target sending and / or target receiving devices) and synchronously decompress the data stream.

[0034] Optionally, the energy efficiency synchronization message may include at least a basic header field, a delay parameter field, a security field, and optional fields. The basic header field may include: Version (protocol version number, used to identify the format version of the source-end ready notification, ensuring that different versions of devices can correctly parse it), MsgType (message type field, indicating whether it is a source-end ready notification), and SenderID (sender device identifier, used to uniquely identify the sending device that generated the source-end ready notification, which can be a MAC address, IP address, or device serial number); the delay parameter field may include: T_ENC_Init (encoding initialization time, i.e., the time required for the sending device to generate the first decodable video frame from detecting a signal source access event) and Timestamp (time stamp of the message generation moment, which can be...). Used for latency measurement and auditing; security fields may include Epoch (session code, a logical code assigned by the controller to a single energy efficiency synchronization session, used to distinguish different sessions and support anti-replay windows), Seq (sequence number, an incrementing control sequence number within the session, used for ordered execution and anti-replay verification), Nonce (one-time random number / challenge value, used to enhance signature unpredictability and prevent replay and splicing attacks), PayloadDigest (a hash digest of the message payload, used to bind payload integrity to the signature calculation input), and Sign (authentication signature / message authentication code, using a symmetric key Key HMAC (Hash-based)). The Message Authentication Code (HMAC) is calculated for authentication and integrity verification. For example, Sign = HMAC(Key, SenderID + Epoch + Seq + Nonce + PayloadDigest), where Key is the symmetric key used to generate and verify the Message Authentication Code (HMAC). Optional fields may include ProfileID (energy efficiency level identifier, which can be used to indicate the current operating mode or capability level of the sending device) and capability identifier (which can be used to declare the encoding parameters, resolution range, and other capability information supported by the sending device).

[0035] In one feasible implementation, the first energy efficiency synchronization message is generated when a level change event occurs in the target transmitting device. The level change event includes a change in the physical level of the corresponding input interface of the target transmitting device, and the physical level includes the power supply voltage or clock signal. The second energy efficiency synchronization message is generated when a state change event occurs in the target receiving device. The state change event includes a change in the hot-plug detection signal of the corresponding output interface of the target receiving device.

[0036] It should be noted that the first energy efficiency synchronization message is a control message generated by the target transmitting device when it detects a level change event at its input interface. It is used to report physical state changes on the transmitting side and may include information such as the transmitting device identifier, event type, timestamp, and encoding initialization time, serving as a trigger signal to initiate the energy efficiency management process. A level change event refers to a change in the physical electrical signal at the input interface detected by the target transmitting device through hardware circuitry. Specifically, this includes two scenarios: first, a jump in the supply voltage, i.e., the DC voltage (e.g., +5V) provided by the signal source changes from zero to positive or vice versa; second, the clock signal changes from a static state to an active state, i.e., the clock channel changes from a constant level to a periodic flip, or vice versa. This event represents a change in the physical connection or transmission state of the signal source device. Physical level refers to the measurable electrical signal state parameter on the input interface of the target transmitting device, which is the hardware-level basis for determining whether the signal source side is physically connected or active. It can include the supply voltage and the clock signal. The supply voltage refers to the DC power supply voltage provided by the corresponding device on the signal source side to the transmitting device through the connecting cable. Taking the HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) interface as an example, pin 18 specifies a +5V power supply. When the signal source device (such as a laptop) is connected and powered on, this pin jumps from 0V to +5V; when the device is disconnected or powered off, it drops from +5V to 0V. The presence of this power supply voltage indicates that a physical connection has been established and the signal source is powered on, even if no video content is being transmitted. The clock signal is a periodic pulse signal used to synchronize data transmission. In the HDMI interface, this manifests as a continuous toggling of the level on the TMDS (Transition Minimized Differential Signal) clock channel, or high-speed signal activity on the data channel in FRL (Functional Rate Link) mode. The appearance of the clock signal indicates that the signal source is not only physically connected but has also begun attempting to send a video data stream. It should be noted that the static state refers to a state where the clock signal is at a constant level without periodic toggling. In this state, the transmitting device cannot detect frequency changes, indicating that the signal source has not yet started video transmission (e.g., the computer is in sleep mode or not outputting a screen), or although physically connected, no valid data stream has been generated. The active state refers to the clock signal exhibiting regular, periodic level transitions, i.e., a stable frequency output. This state indicates that the signal source has started video transmission, and the transmitting device can sense that the data stream is about to arrive.

[0037] Additionally, it should be noted that the second energy efficiency synchronization message is a control message generated by the target receiving device when it detects a state change event at its output interface. It is used to report physical state changes on the receiving side and may include information such as the receiving device identifier, event type, timestamp, and device status, serving as the basis for synchronizing wake-up procedures or triggering sleep management. A state change event refers to a change in the hot-plug detection signal of the target receiving device's output interface, detected by hardware monitoring. This can be used to reflect changes in the connection or power status of display devices (such as monitors and projectors). The hot-plug detection signal is a dedicated pin signal on the target receiving device's output interface, used to detect whether the downstream display device is connected and in a ready state. In the HDMI standard, this signal is typically the HPD (Hot Plug Detect) pin. When the display device is connected via an HDMI cable and powered on, the pin level changes from low to high, indicating that the display link is ready; when the display device is disconnected or powered off, the pin level changes from high to low, indicating that the display link is disconnected.

[0038] Additionally, it should be noted that, to prevent misjudgment, the monitoring circuit used to monitor the physical level can also introduce de-jitter filtering (such as sampling three times consecutively to confirm that the state is stable), but the overall response time is still controlled in the microsecond to millisecond range, which is much faster than the second-level delay of video stream data packet detection.

[0039] In one feasible implementation, step S01, which involves determining the target receiving device corresponding to the target transmitting device based on the first energy efficiency synchronization message and a preset global energy efficiency table, includes steps A11-A12: Step A11: Parse the device identifier in the first energy efficiency synchronization message; It should be noted that the device identifier is an identity code used to uniquely identify each candidate transmitting device in a distributed network. Each candidate transmitting device corresponds to a candidate receiving device. The device identifier can be a hardware-level MAC (Media Access Control) address, serial number, or an IP address assigned by the network layer or a custom device ID.

[0040] Step A12: Query the target receiving device associated with the device identifier in the preset global energy efficiency table. The preset global energy efficiency table includes the association between each candidate transmitting device and each candidate receiving device in the distributed network. The association is represented by the device identifier.

[0041] It should be noted that the preset global energy efficiency table is a dynamic database table maintained by the controller, recording global information on all candidate transmitting and receiving devices in the distributed network. The preset global energy efficiency table can be established through static configuration, device registration, or protocol learning (such as the Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)), and is updated in real time as the network changes. Association relationships are data entries defined in the preset global energy efficiency table that represent the logical connection between candidate transmitting and receiving devices. These relationships can be represented by device identifiers and define which receiving devices need to receive data streams from specific transmitting devices. Association relationships can be statically configured (e.g., an administrator specifying that a certain decoder always receives signals from a certain encoder) or dynamically established (e.g., real-time switching via control signaling). In a many-to-many network, one transmitting device can be associated with multiple receiving devices (one-to-many distribution), and one receiving device can also be associated with multiple transmitting devices (multi-source switching), but typically only one source is active at any given time.

[0042] For example, the controller, as a logical management unit in the distributed network, maintains a preset global energy efficiency table. This table records relevant information about all candidate transmitting and receiving devices in the network, including at least: device identifier, operating status (online, hibernation, standby), network address, hardware capability parameters (such as encoding initialization time, startup time), current subscription relationships, and topology connection information for each device. For instance, when the controller receives a first energy efficiency synchronization message from a candidate transmitting device, it first parses the transmitting device identifier in the first energy efficiency synchronization message, and then queries the global energy efficiency table based on the identifier to obtain the set of all receiving device identifiers currently associated with the video stream of that transmitting device based on the subscription relationships. In scenarios where no pre-determined association relationships exist, the controller can also dynamically determine the target receiving device based on business logic (such as the most recently used device, default forwarding rules, etc.), avoiding the network overhead and false wake-up problems caused by broadcast wake-up.

[0043] Optionally, if multicast groups exist in the network, the controller can also determine the target set of receiving devices based on multicast membership. A multicast group is a logical set of receivers identified by a multicast IP address (ranging from 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255) in an IP network. This multicast address represents a "session" or "channel," not a specific device. Any candidate receiving device that wants to receive data sent to this multicast address needs to actively apply to join the multicast group. Multicast membership refers to the dynamic association status between candidate receiving devices and multicast groups, i.e., which candidate receiving devices currently belong to which multicast group. This relationship can be maintained and managed by network switches or routers through IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) or MLD (Multicast Listener Discovery).

[0044] Understandably, step S01 generates an energy efficiency synchronization message when a signal source is connected by monitoring the physical level of the input interface of the candidate transmitting device / the hot-plug detection signal of the candidate receiving device, and determines the transmitting / receiving device that needs to be woken up. This solves the problem of response lag caused by video stream detection in the prior art, as well as the problem of not being able to sense physical plugging and unplugging events based on clock protocols. It realizes the transformation from passively waiting for data packets to actively sensing physical events, achieving the technical effect of zero-delay triggering the wake-up process, and laying the foundation for subsequent timing alignment.

[0045] Step S02: Obtain the network path parameters from the target transmitting device to the target receiving device, and determine the delayed startup duration of the target receiving device based on the network path parameters; It should be noted that network path parameters are indicators that quantify the network transmission characteristics between the target sending device and the target receiving device. These can be the number of logical nodes (the number of network hops traversed) or path cost (a weighted value combining latency, jitter, and hop count), used to estimate video stream transmission latency. Delayed startup time is the startup time calculated by the receiving device based on encoding initialization time, network path parameters, and its own historical startup time (the time from wake-up to display link readiness). It aims to precisely align the power-on timing of the receiving device with the arrival time of the video stream.

[0046] In one feasible implementation, the network path parameters include the number of logical nodes or the path cost; in step S02, the step of obtaining the network path parameters from the target transmitting device to the target receiving device includes at least one of steps B01 and B02: Step B01: Determine the number of logical nodes from the target transmitting device to the target receiving device based on the network topology information of the distributed network; It should be noted that network topology information refers to the physical or logical connections between devices in a distributed network. This information can be collected by link-layer discovery protocols, static configuration of the management plane, or routing protocols, describing which intermediate network nodes (such as switches and routers) are traversed between the target sending device and the target receiving device. The number of logical nodes represents the number of logical forwarding nodes traversed from the target sending device to the target receiving device. For example, if the target sending device reaches the target receiving device via two switches, the number of logical nodes is 2. This parameter is a rough estimate obtained directly from network topology information and is used to quickly estimate network transmission delay without requiring active measurement.

[0047] Step B02: Send a probe message to the distributed network and receive a response message to determine the round-trip transmission time. Calculate the one-way transmission time and transmission jitter based on the round-trip transmission time, and determine the path cost based on the one-way transmission time, transmission jitter, and the number of logical nodes.

[0048] It's important to note that probe messages are dedicated messages actively sent by the target sending device under the instruction of the controller, used to measure network performance. Examples include ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) based Echo requests or custom latency probe frames. These messages carry a timestamp and are intended to trigger a response from the receiver. Response messages are the receiver's (i.e., the target receiving device's) response to the probe messages, typically containing the original timestamp and receiver processing time, allowing the sender (i.e., the target sending device) to calculate the round-trip time. Round-trip time is the total time elapsed from sending the probe message to receiving the corresponding response message, including bidirectional network transmission delay and intermediate node processing delays. It can be directly obtained by parsing the timestamp in the response message. One-way transmission time is the one-way time required for data to travel from the target sending device to the target receiving device. Under the symmetric network path assumption, half of the round-trip time is typically used as an estimate of the one-way transmission time to characterize the forward propagation delay of the video stream in the network. Transmission jitter is the degree of variation in network latency, reflecting latency fluctuations caused by network congestion or path switching. For example, jitter values ​​can be obtained by measuring round-trip transmission times multiple times and calculating their statistical distribution (such as the difference between the 95th and 50th percentiles), which is used to assess latency uncertainty. Path cost is a comprehensive indicator used to more accurately estimate the transmission time of a video stream from the target sending device to the target receiving device. It can be calculated by weighting one-way transmission time, transmission jitter, and the number of logical nodes. It reflects the real-time quality and topology characteristics of the network path, providing the target receiving device with a more accurate arrival time prediction than simply the number of logical nodes.

[0049] For example, the formula for calculating path cost can be:

[0050] in, For path cost, For one-way transmission duration, To reduce transmission jitter, For the number of logical nodes, , , Configurable weights.

[0051] In one feasible implementation, step S02, the step of determining the delayed start-up duration of the target receiving device based on network path parameters, includes steps B11 to B13: Step B11: Obtain the local startup time of the target device; It should be noted that local startup time is the time required for the target receiving device to go from receiving the wake-up command to its display link being fully ready (i.e., completing the processes of hardware power-on, HDMI handshake, HPD signal stabilization, etc.).

[0052] Additionally, it should be noted that the local startup time of the target receiving device is not fixed but dynamically updated based on historical operational data. During the initial system operation phase or when a new device is connected, the local startup time can be set to the theoretical maximum value to collect startup characteristic data for different device models. As the number of runs increases, the target receiving device learns from the actual startup time each time using exponentially weighted moving averages or percentile statistics to generate a more realistic predicted value and continuously optimize the calculation accuracy of the delayed startup time in subsequent wake-up processes. Furthermore, if the target receiving device detects that the display link is not yet stable (e.g., HPD signal jitter or decoder unlocking) when the video stream has reached the network port, it can proactively send a forced keyframe request to the target sending device. Upon receiving this request, the target sending device immediately inserts a decodeable keyframe into the video stream to ensure that the receiving device can quickly restore the image and avoid mosaic or green screen issues.

[0053] Step B12: Calculate the estimated arrival time of the data stream based on the encoding initialization time of the target sending device and the network path parameters; It should be noted that encoding initialization time refers to the duration required from the moment the target transmitting device detects the physical layer trigger of the signal source access event until its encoding module successfully generates the first video frame (i.e., the first decodable video frame) that can be decoded by the target receiving device. The decodable video frame can be a keyframe as defined in the video coding specification. This frame contains complete image information and can be decoded independently without relying on any preceding or following reference frames. The target receiving device can only begin normal decoding and output the image after acquiring the keyframe. If the first arriving frame is not a keyframe, decoding will fail due to the lack of reference information, resulting in pixelation or a black screen. Therefore, the target transmitting device must ensure that the first frame sent is a decodable keyframe. The estimated arrival time of the data stream is the estimated time elapsed from the moment the target transmitting device detects the signal source access event until the data stream actually arrives at the network port of the target receiving device.

[0054] Additionally, it should be noted that the encoding initialization time is not a real-time measurement, but rather an empirical value pre-configured based on device hardware characteristics or obtained through historical statistical learning. For example, for different target transmitting devices, factors such as the SoC (System on Chip) processing power, encoding algorithm complexity, and input format parsing speed will cause differences in this time: a high-performance encoder may only need 150ms to output the first keyframe, while a low-power embedded device may need 350ms or even longer. This time can be preset by the factory configuration table according to resolution, frame rate, and encoding parameters, or it can be updated online by the device during operation through exponentially weighted moving average or percentile statistics to reflect typical performance in actual operating environments. For example, if the network path parameter is the number of logical nodes, the formula for calculating the expected arrival time of the data stream can be:

[0055] in, For the estimated arrival time of the data stream, For the number of logical nodes, The preset average network latency per hop (e.g., 2ms / hop). Jitter margin for controller compensation (e.g., additional latency fluctuations based on historical probe statistics).

[0056] If the network path parameter is the path cost, then the formula for calculating the expected arrival time of the data flow can be:

[0057] in, For the estimated arrival time of the data stream, The preset average network latency per hop (e.g., 2ms / hop). This represents the path cost.

[0058] Step B13: Use the difference between the estimated arrival time of the data stream and the local startup time as the delayed startup time of the target receiving device.

[0059] For example, the formula for calculating the delayed start time can be:

[0060] in, To delay startup time, For the estimated arrival time of the data stream, The time taken for local startup.

[0061] It is understandable that step S02 obtains the network path parameters from the target sending device to the target receiving device, and calculates the delayed startup time of the target receiving device based on these parameters and the encoding time at the sending end. This solves the problems of premature waiting or late black screen caused by inaccurate startup timing of the receiving device in the prior art, as well as the problem of incompatibility due to startup differences of heterogeneous devices. It achieves quantitative matching between network transmission delay and hardware startup delay, and achieves the technical effect of precise alignment between the startup sequence of the receiving device and the arrival time of the video stream.

[0062] Step S03: If the second energy efficiency synchronization message of the target receiving device has been received, start the target receiving device based on the delayed start duration and send the data stream buffered in the target transmitting device to the target receiving device.

[0063] It should be noted that the data stream is the continuous data generated by the target transmitting device after encoding the signal source. It can be an audio or video stream, containing video frames and audio data. It is temporarily stored in a gating buffer before being sent. It is released and sent after the target receiving device confirms that it is ready, so as to ensure that the receiving end can receive and display it immediately after startup.

[0064] Additionally, it should be noted that data transmission requires both the sender and receiver to be awakened. For the receiver, if the target receiving device has sent a second energy efficiency synchronization message, it indicates that the power supply of the display corresponding to the target receiving device has been turned on (i.e., it has been powered on) and can be activated for operations such as delay and data reception.

[0065] In one feasible implementation, step S03, which involves starting the target receiving device based on the delayed start duration and sending the buffered data stream in the target transmitting device to the target receiving device, includes steps C01-C02: Step C01: If the delay start duration is positive, then notify the target transmitting device to send the buffered data stream to the target receiving device, and perform graded power-on after delaying the delay start duration of the target receiving device; It should be noted that graded power-on refers to the target receiving device activating the power supply to different hardware modules in stages and levels according to a preset power rail sequence, so as to achieve orderly startup and power consumption optimization.

[0066] For example, power hierarchy can include: core link level (L3), peripheral level (L2), and interface level (L1). The core link level (L3) powers on the main processor (SoC), memory, and network modules, loading the basic operating environment. The peripheral level (L2) powers on auxiliary function chips, such as USB controllers, serial port modules, infrared transceivers, and other heterogeneous peripherals. The interface level (L1) powers on the output interfaces, enabling the device to handshake with the display device (detecting HPD signals and reading EDID (Extended Display Identification Data)). The core purpose of hierarchical power-on is twofold: firstly, to avoid current surges and power consumption peaks caused by all modules powering on simultaneously; and secondly, to ensure that critical modules start up first, while non-essential modules are powered on with a delay, thereby achieving energy saving while maintaining functional integrity. For example, if a receiving device has a 98ms delay startup time, it can sequentially execute L3→L2→L1 power-on after a 98ms delay, ensuring the device completes the HDMI handshake just before the video stream arrives, avoiding a black screen and saving power.

[0067] Additionally, it should be noted that when the delay start-up duration is positive, it means that the expected arrival time of the data stream is longer than the local start-up time. In other words, the data stream is still being transmitted even after the target receiving device has finished starting up. Under these circumstances, the target receiving device will remain in a black screen state during startup, which will not only prevent the display of content but also waste power resources. Therefore, it is necessary to delay the start-up duration of the target receiving device before performing tiered power-on to ensure that the arrival time of the data stream is consistent with the start-up completion time of the target receiving device. This ensures that the data stream arrives at the target receiving device and is displayed just in time, without causing visual impact, and also saves energy.

[0068] In step C02, if the delay start duration is negative, the target receiving device is given a graded power-on, and the target transmitting device is notified to delay the transmission of the buffered data stream.

[0069] It should be noted that when the delay start time is negative, it means that the expected arrival time of the data stream is less than the local start time. In other words, the data stream has been transmitted before the target receiving device has finished starting. In this case, the target receiving device will not be able to receive the complete data stream, and thus will not be able to display the complete display information. Therefore, it is necessary to start the target receiving device immediately and delay the transmission of the data stream buffered by the target sending device to ensure the integrity of the data stream.

[0070] Additionally, it should be noted that delaying the transmission of the data stream buffered by the target transmitting device can be achieved through a delay request. A delay request is a control message sent by the target receiving device to the target transmitting device (usually forwarded by the controller) when the calculated delay start-up duration is negative (i.e., the local start-up time is greater than or equal to the expected arrival time of the data stream). This message notifies the target transmitting device that it may not be able to complete the start-up before the video stream arrives, and that it needs to take remedial measures to compensate for the time difference. Delay requests typically include an emergency start flag, a requested delay duration or a suggested keyframe density value, and a secure signature to prevent forgery.

[0071] Alternatively, remedies may include: delaying the release of the video stream in the gating buffer (extending the buffer duration), or increasing the density of decodeable keyframes in the video stream so that the target receiving device can synchronize the image more quickly after startup.

[0072] For example, if a target receiving device calculates the delayed start time to be -42ms, it will immediately send a delay request to the target sending device. After receiving the request, the target sending device will adjust its original strategy of releasing the buffer after 350ms to releasing it after 400ms, and insert an IDR frame every 50ms to ensure that the target receiving device can immediately decode the first key frame after the 420ms start-up is completed, thereby achieving a black screen-free presentation.

[0073] Additionally, it should be noted that when the same target transmitting device corresponds to multiple target receiving devices, to ensure that all display terminals corresponding to the multiple target receiving devices can display the image synchronously, the target transmitting device does not immediately release the buffer after receiving the readiness confirmation. Instead, it performs aggregation judgment according to a preset coordination strategy. For example, the target transmitting device can be configured to wait for all target receiving devices to return readiness confirmations before releasing the buffer uniformly, or it can be configured to release the buffer immediately after receiving confirmations from a majority of target receiving devices or devices with a specific priority, and send a forced keyframe request individually to the target receiving devices that are not yet ready. Furthermore, to avoid service interruption due to individual device failures or network anomalies, the target transmitting device has a timeout timer. If the release condition is not met within the preset maximum threshold time, it automatically enters a degradation mode: immediately releasing the video stream in the buffer and periodically inserting decodeable keyframes during subsequent transmission to ensure that at least some target receiving devices can display the image as soon as possible.

[0074] Understandably, step S03 performs graded power-on of the receiving device based on the calculated delay start-up time, and releases and sends the data stream temporarily stored in the sending device buffer after the receiving device is ready. This solves the problem of black screen and image drop that inevitably occurs during the wake-up process in the prior art, as well as the problem of slow wake-up speed after deep sleep. It ensures that the video stream is pushed only after the display link is ready, achieving the technical effect of instant screen lighting and seamless presentation, while achieving a balance between energy efficiency and performance.

[0075] Based on the first embodiment of this application, in the second embodiment of this application, the content that is the same as or similar to the first embodiment described above can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter. Based on this, please refer to... Figure 3 The data transmission method further includes steps S11 to S14: Step S11: If a hibernation command is detected, obtain the hibernation level field from the hibernation command; It should be noted that a sleep command is a control signaling issued by the controller to a candidate transmitting or receiving device to instruct the device to enter a low-power state. This command includes a sleep level field, which specifies the depth of power cut-off that the device needs to perform. The sleep level field contains parameter information in the sleep command, which identifies the level of sleep operation to be achieved, including three progressive levels: interface-level sleep, peripheral-level sleep, and core link-level sleep.

[0076] Additionally, it should be noted that the controller can issue appropriate sleep levels to candidate transmitting and receiving devices based on different triggering scenarios. Specifically, this can be based on the following three triggering scenarios: Scenario A: Source physical disappearance trigger: The candidate transmitting device continuously monitors the power supply voltage or clock signal of the input interface. When it detects that the power supply voltage changes from high to low or the clock signal changes from active to static, it does not immediately report to sleep, but enters a preset anti-jitter window. Only after the signal disappears continuously within the window period is it determined to be a real source offline event and reported to the controller; Scenario B: Terminal display offline trigger: The candidate receiving device monitors the HPD pin level of the output interface. When it detects that HPD changes from high to low, it immediately enters the local power saving mode (such as cutting off the power supply to the output interface) and reports the offline event to the controller; Scenario C: Logical idle trigger: The controller maintains the subscription count of each candidate transmitting device. When the subscription count is zero and the duration exceeds the idle timeout threshold, the controller actively determines that the device has entered a logical idle state and issues a sleep command.

[0077] Step S12: When the sleep level field is the interface-level sleep field, cut off the power supply to the output interface corresponding to the candidate receiving device and continuously monitor the physical level of the input interface corresponding to the candidate transmitting device. It should be noted that the interface-level sleep field corresponds to the lowest level of sleep mode. In this mode, the candidate receiving device needs to cut off the power to its output interface so that the downstream display device enters standby mode because it cannot detect the +5V signal. At the same time, the candidate transmitting device needs to maintain the ability to monitor the physical level of the input interface so as to quickly detect the reconnection of the signal source.

[0078] For example, in interface-level sleep mode, the candidate receiving device needs to cut off the +5V power supply to its HDMI output interface to put the downstream display into standby mode, while the candidate transmitting device needs to maintain low-power monitoring capability of the input interface power supply voltage and clock signal in order to quickly detect the reconnection of the signal source.

[0079] Step S13: When the sleep level field is the peripheral level sleep field, cut off the power supply to the output interface corresponding to the candidate receiving device, the candidate transmitting device and / or the auxiliary function chip corresponding to the candidate receiving device, continuously monitor the physical level of the input interface corresponding to the candidate transmitting device, and keep the core processor and network interface in the candidate transmitting device and / or the candidate receiving device running. It should be noted that the peripheral-level sleep field corresponds to the intermediate sleep mode. Based on the execution flow corresponding to interface-level sleep, the candidate transmitting device and / or candidate receiving device must disconnect the power supply to the auxiliary function chip while maintaining the operation of the core processor and network interface. The auxiliary function chip refers to hardware modules responsible for non-core business functions, such as USB (Universal Serial Bus) controllers, RS-232 (Recommended Standard 232) serial port chips, infrared transceiver modules, audio codec chips, etc. The core processor refers to the main control chip (SoC or microcontroller unit) of the candidate transmitting device and / or candidate receiving device, responsible for running the main program, performing data encoding and decoding, and handling network protocols, among other core tasks. The network interface refers to the hardware path through which the candidate transmitting device and / or candidate receiving device accesses the network, including the media access control layer and the physical layer.

[0080] For example, in peripheral-level sleep mode, the candidate transmitting device and / or candidate receiving device cuts off the power supply to the auxiliary function chip according to the preset energy-saving level configuration, while maintaining the normal operation of the core processor and network interface.

[0081] Step S14: When the sleep level field is the core link level sleep field, cut off the power supply to the corresponding output interface of the candidate receiving device, the candidate transmitting device and / or the corresponding auxiliary function chip of the candidate receiving device, continuously monitor the physical level of the corresponding input interface of the candidate transmitting device, keep the core processor and network interface in the candidate transmitting device and / or the candidate receiving device running, put the core processor into sleep mode, and put the network physical layer in the network interface into wake-up listening state.

[0082] It should be noted that the core link-level sleep field corresponds to the deepest sleep mode. Based on the peripheral-level sleep execution flow, it places the core processor in sleep mode, suspending its clock and operations, retaining only necessary context storage or completely powering it off; simultaneously, the network physical layer is placed in a wake-up listening state. The network physical layer refers to the PHY (Physical Layer) chip at the first layer of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model, responsible for bitstream transmission and reception and signal conversion. The wake-up listening state means the PHY chip enters a low-power mode, retaining only the hardware detection capability for preset wake-up messages. Once a valid wake-up signal is detected, it can trigger an interrupt to restore power to the core processor. For example, the decoder main chip may be in deep sleep, but the PHY chip may still be listening to the network; upon receiving a wake-up command from the controller, it will immediately wake up the entire system.

[0083] For example, in core link-level sleep mode, the core processor enters a deep sleep state and suspends all service processing, while the network physical layer chip is configured to wake up and listen, retaining only the hardware detection capability for specific wake-up messages. Once a valid wake-up signal is detected, the core processor can be triggered to restore power.

[0084] In one feasible implementation, to ensure the authenticity and integrity of control commands and prevent malicious devices from forging wake-up commands or replaying historical messages, causing system malfunctions, all energy efficiency control messages transmitted in this embodiment (including source-end ready notifications, wake-up commands, delay requests, ready confirmations, and sleep commands) are protected using hash-based message authentication codes. Specifically, before sending each message, the controller assigns a unique session code to this energy efficiency synchronization session and maintains an incrementing sequence number. When sending a message, the sender performs a message authentication code calculation based on the SHA-256 hash algorithm on the sending device identifier, session code, sequence number, one-time random number, and message payload digest using a shared key, and appends the generated signature to the end of the message. After receiving the message, the receiver first verifies the validity of the signature and maintains a sliding window based on the sending device identifier and session code. Messages with outdated or duplicate sequence numbers are discarded to prevent replay attacks. For scenarios where the content of the instruction needs to be kept confidential, the AEAD (Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data) encryption algorithm can also be used to encrypt the message payload.

[0085] In this embodiment, by parsing the level field in the hibernation command, the problem of a single hibernation strategy that cannot adapt to different energy-saving needs is solved, providing a precise basis for subsequent graded power-off, achieving the effect of hibernation on demand while retaining wake-up capability. Under interface-level hibernation, the power supply to the output interface of the receiving device is cut off while continuously monitoring the input level of the transmitting device, solving the problem of interface power consumption during hibernation and the inability to detect physical wake-up events. While saving energy, it maintains zero-latency response capability to signal source access, ensuring that the wake-up process can be triggered instantly. Under peripheral-level hibernation, the power supply to the auxiliary function chip is cut off while the core processor and network interface continue to operate, solving the problem of peripheral power consumption and slow wake-up due to deep hibernation. While significantly reducing power consumption, it maintains network reachability and fast wake-up capability, achieving a balance between energy saving and response speed. Under core link-level hibernation, the core processor is put into sleep mode and the network physical layer is set to wake-up listening state, solving the problem of several seconds of delay in wake-up relock caused by the network protocol stack stopping working during deep hibernation. Through hardware-level wake-up listening, millisecond-level response is achieved, ensuring instantaneous wake-up by network commands while achieving extreme energy saving. This hibernation method resolves the inherent contradiction in existing technologies where hibernation and wake-up cannot be simultaneously achieved through tiered power-off and retention of the wake-up path. It strikes a balance between deep energy saving and rapid response, eliminating the problem of poor response performance.

[0086] It should be noted that the above examples are only for understanding this application and do not constitute a limitation on the data transmission method of this application. Any simple modifications based on this technical concept are within the protection scope of this application.

[0087] This application also provides a data transmission device; please refer to... Figure 4 The data transmission device is applied to a distributed network, which includes at least one candidate transmitting device and at least one candidate receiving device. The data transmission device includes: The device ready module 10 is used to determine the target receiving device corresponding to any target transmitting device among the candidate transmitting devices, in response to the first energy efficiency synchronization message of the target transmitting device, based on the first energy efficiency synchronization message and the preset energy efficiency global table. The delay calculation module 20 is used to obtain the network path parameters from the target transmitting device to the target receiving device, and determine the delay start-up time of the target receiving device based on the network path parameters; The data transmission module 30 is used to start the target receiving device based on the delayed start duration and send the data stream buffered in the target transmitting device to the target receiving device when the second energy efficiency synchronization message of the target receiving device has been received.

[0088] The data transmission apparatus provided in this application, employing the data transmission method in the above embodiments, can solve the technical problem of poor response performance. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the data transmission apparatus provided in this application are the same as those of the data transmission method provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features in the data transmission apparatus are the same as those disclosed in the methods of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0089] This application provides an electronic device, which includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the data transmission method in Embodiment 1 above.

[0090] The following is for reference. Figure 5 The diagram illustrates a structural schematic of an electronic device suitable for implementing embodiments of this application. The electronic devices in these embodiments may include, but are not limited to, mobile terminals such as mobile phones, laptops, and PADs (Portable Application Description: Tablet computers), as well as fixed terminals such as digital TVs and desktop computers. Figure 5 The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitation on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of this application.

[0091] like Figure 5As shown, the electronic device may include a processing unit 1001 (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.), which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory 1002 or a program loaded from a storage device 1003 into a random access memory 1004. The random access memory 1004 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device. The processing unit 1001, the read-only memory 1002, and the random access memory 1004 are interconnected via a bus 1005. An input / output interface 1006 is also connected to the bus. Typically, the following systems can be connected to the input / output interface 1006: input devices 1007 including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, image sensors, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 1008 including, for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; storage devices 1003 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 1009. The communication device 1009 allows the electronic device to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although the diagrams show electronic devices with various systems, it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all of the systems shown. More or fewer systems may be implemented alternatively.

[0092] Specifically, according to the embodiments disclosed in this application, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments disclosed in this application include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device, or installed from storage device 1003, or installed from read-only memory 1002. When the computer program is executed by processing device 1001, it performs the functions defined in the methods of the embodiments disclosed in this application.

[0093] The electronic device provided in this application, employing the data transmission method in the above embodiments, can solve the technical problem of poor response performance. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the electronic device provided in this application are the same as those of the data transmission method provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features of the electronic device are the same as those disclosed in the method of the previous embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0094] It should be understood that the various parts disclosed in this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0095] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0096] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions (i.e., a computer program) stored thereon, the computer-readable program instructions being used to execute the data transmission method in the above embodiments.

[0097] The computer-readable storage medium provided in this application may be, for example, a USB flash drive, but is not limited to, electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems or devices, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, RF (Radio Frequency), etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0098] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may be included in an electronic device or may exist independently without being assembled into an electronic device.

[0099] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs. When these programs are executed by an electronic device, they cause the data transmission device to be applied to a distributed network, which includes at least one candidate transmitting device and at least one candidate receiving device. For any target transmitting device among the candidate transmitting devices, in response to a first energy efficiency synchronization message from the target transmitting device, the device determines the target receiving device corresponding to the target transmitting device based on the first energy efficiency synchronization message and a preset global energy efficiency table; obtains network path parameters from the target transmitting device to the target receiving device; determines the delayed startup duration of the target receiving device based on the network path parameters; and, if a second energy efficiency synchronization message from the target receiving device has been received, starts the target receiving device based on the delayed startup duration and sends the buffered data stream in the target transmitting device to the target receiving device.

[0100] Computer program code for performing the operations of this application can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0101] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0102] The modules described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in software or hardware. The names of the modules do not necessarily limit the functionality of the unit itself.

[0103] The readable storage medium provided in this application is a computer-readable storage medium that stores computer-readable program instructions (i.e., a computer program) for executing the above-described data transmission method, thereby solving the technical problem of poor response performance. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer-readable storage medium provided in this application are the same as those of the data transmission method provided in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0104] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the data transmission method described above.

[0105] The computer program product provided in this application can solve the technical problem of poor response performance. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer program product provided in this application are the same as the beneficial effects of the data transmission method provided in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0106] The above description is only a part of the embodiments of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. All equivalent structural transformations made under the technical concept of this application and using the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, characterized in that, Applied to a distributed network, the distributed network including at least one candidate transmitting device and at least one candidate receiving device, the data transmission method includes: For any target transmitting device among the candidate transmitting devices, in response to the first energy efficiency synchronization message of the target transmitting device, the target receiving device corresponding to the target transmitting device is determined based on the first energy efficiency synchronization message and the preset energy efficiency global table. Obtain the network path parameters from the target transmitting device to the target receiving device, and determine the delayed startup duration of the target receiving device based on the network path parameters; Upon receiving the second energy efficiency synchronization message from the target receiving device, the target receiving device is started based on the delay start duration, and the data stream buffered in the target transmitting device is sent to the target receiving device.

2. The data transmission method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first energy efficiency synchronization message is generated when a level change event occurs in the target transmitting device. The level change event includes a change in the physical level of the corresponding input interface of the target transmitting device. The physical level includes the power supply voltage or clock signal. The second energy efficiency synchronization message is generated when a state change event occurs in the target receiving device. The state change event includes a change in the hot-plug detection signal of the corresponding output interface of the target receiving device.

3. The data transmission method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the target receiving device corresponding to the target transmitting device based on the first energy efficiency synchronization message and the preset global energy efficiency table includes: Parse the device identifier in the first energy efficiency synchronization message; The target receiving device associated with the device identifier is queried in the preset global energy efficiency table. The preset global energy efficiency table includes the association between each candidate transmitting device and each candidate receiving device in the distributed network. The association is represented by the device identifier.

4. The data transmission method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, in, The network path parameters include at least one of the number of logical nodes and the path cost; The step of obtaining the network path parameters from the target transmitting device to the target receiving device includes at least one of the following: The number of logical nodes from the target transmitting device to the target receiving device is determined based on the network topology information of the distributed network. Send a probe message to the distributed network and receive a response message to determine the round-trip transmission time. Calculate the one-way transmission time and transmission jitter based on the round-trip transmission time, and determine the path cost based on the one-way transmission time, the transmission jitter, and the number of logical nodes.

5. The data transmission method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the delayed startup duration of the target receiving device based on the network path parameters includes: Obtain the local startup time of the target receiving device; The estimated arrival time of the data stream is calculated based on the encoding initialization time of the target transmitting device and the network path parameters. The difference between the estimated arrival time of the data stream and the local startup time is used as the delayed startup time of the target receiving device.

6. The data transmission method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of starting the target receiving device based on the delay start duration and sending the buffered data stream in the target transmitting device to the target receiving device include: If the delay start duration is positive, then the target transmitting device is notified to send the buffered data stream to the target receiving device, and the target receiving device is delayed by the delay start duration before performing a graded power-on; If the delay start-up duration is negative, then the target receiving device is given a graded power-on, and the target transmitting device is notified to delay the transmission of the buffered data stream.

7. The data transmission method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The data transmission method further includes: Upon detecting a hibernation command, the hibernation level field in the hibernation command is retrieved; When the sleep level field is an interface-level sleep field, the power supply to the output interface corresponding to the candidate receiving device is cut off, and the physical level of the input interface corresponding to the candidate transmitting device is continuously monitored. When the sleep level field is the peripheral level sleep field, the power supply to the output interface corresponding to the candidate receiving device, the candidate transmitting device and / or the auxiliary function chip corresponding to the candidate receiving device is cut off, the physical level of the input interface corresponding to the candidate transmitting device is continuously monitored, and the core processor and network interface in the candidate transmitting device and / or the candidate receiving device are kept running. When the sleep level field is the core link level sleep field, the power supply to the output interface corresponding to the candidate receiving device, the candidate transmitting device, and / or the auxiliary function chip corresponding to the candidate receiving device is cut off. The physical level of the input interface corresponding to the candidate transmitting device is continuously monitored. The core processor and network interface in the candidate transmitting device and / or the candidate receiving device are kept running. The core processor is placed in sleep mode, and the network physical layer in the network interface is set to wake-up listening state.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, The device includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being configured to implement the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program is stored on the storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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