Fertilizing method for acid rice field soil improvement and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of rice cultivation and soil improvement, and particularly relates to a fertilization method for acid rice field soil improvement and application thereof. According to the method, an organic fertilizer is used for replacing 25% of conventional formula fertilizer (formula fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), and medium trace elements of magnesium, boron and zinc are applied in a combined manner; or medium trace elements such as magnesium, boron and zinc are additionally applied on the basis of application of a conventional formula fertilizer, and quick lime is added, so that the problem of aggravated soil acidification caused by application of a single chemical fertilizer is relieved, the rice yield is increased, meanwhile, the content of exchangeable acid in soil is reduced, and the total amount of exchangeable salt-based ions in the soil and the effective state content of elements are increased, thereby increasing the pH of the soil and improving the yield of the rice. The acid resistance of the soil is enhanced, and the acid soil is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rice cultivation and soil improvement technology, specifically relating to a fertilization method for improving acidic paddy field soil and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Rice, as one of the world's major food crops, plays a vital role in ensuring food security. However, the long-term excessive use of chemical fertilizers has led to soil acidification, environmental pollution, and a decline in product quality, seriously threatening the sustainable production of rice. Applying lime to improve acidified soil is considered a rapid and effective agronomic measure. However, some studies suggest that long-term lime application may also cause soil compaction and nutrient imbalance, and may even lead to soil re-acidification.

[0003] In addition to macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, plants also require a certain amount of micronutrients for growth. In hot and rainy regions, soil nutrient leaching losses are significant, leading to deficiencies in many nutrients. Besides applying alkaline conditioners such as lime to adjust soil pH, the impact of micronutrients on crop growth in acidic soils should be carefully considered. Therefore, improving fertilization methods to improve acidic soils is crucial for regional food security and the sustainable and healthy cultivation of arable land. However, a systematic fertilization program specifically for acidic paddy field soils is currently lacking, hindering effective soil improvement and impacting rice yield. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fertilization method for improving acidic paddy field soil and its application. The fertilization method can effectively increase the pH value of acidic paddy field soil, improve the acidic soil environment, and significantly increase rice yield.

[0005] This invention provides a fertilization method for improving acidic paddy field soil, comprising the following steps:

[0006] One to two days before rice transplanting, apply nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, boron fertilizer, and zinc fertilizer to the prepared paddy field, and then harrow the field.

[0007] Transplant the rice seedlings to the harrowed paddy field and carry out field management until harvest;

[0008] The application rate of the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer is 391–587 kg / ha, the application rate of the organic fertilizer is 1463–2195 kg / ha, the application rate of the magnesium fertilizer is 24.23–36.35 kg / ha, the application rate of the boron fertilizer is 0.28–0.85 kg / ha, and the application rate of the zinc fertilizer is 3.41–9.09 kg / ha; the magnesium fertilizer, boron fertilizer, and zinc fertilizer are expressed as the pure content of magnesium, boron, and zinc, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the fertilization method further includes replacing organic fertilizer with quicklime in the paddy field and increasing the application rate of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer; the quicklime is applied to the paddy field before land preparation 15 to 20 days before rice transplanting; the application rate of quicklime is 750 to 1800 kg / ha; and the application rate of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is 522 to 783 kg / ha.

[0010] Preferably, the quicklime is applied to the paddy field 15-20 days before the early rice transplanting, but not before the late rice transplanting.

[0011] Preferably, the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer is applied at a rate of 489 kg / ha in early rice paddies and 391 kg / ha in late rice paddies.

[0012] Preferably, the application rate of the organic fertilizer in early rice paddies is 1829 kg / ha, and the application rate in late rice paddies is 1463 kg / ha.

[0013] Preferably, the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer is applied at a rate of 652 kg / ha in early rice paddies and 522 kg / ha in late rice paddies.

[0014] Preferably, the magnesium fertilizer includes anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the application rate of the anhydrous magnesium sulfate is 120-180 kg / ha; the boron fertilizer includes borax decahydrate, and the application rate of the borax decahydrate is 10-30 kg / ha; the zinc fertilizer includes zinc sulfate heptahydrate, and the application rate of the zinc sulfate heptahydrate is 15-40 kg / ha.

[0015] Preferably, in the rice transplanting process, the transplanting time for early rice is from late March to early April, and the transplanting time for late rice is from early August to mid-August.

[0016] Preferably, during the rice transplanting process, the row spacing is 20-30cm and the plant spacing is 16-27cm.

[0017] The present invention also provides the application of the fertilization method described in the above technical solution in rice cultivation.

[0018] Beneficial effects:

[0019] This invention provides a fertilization method for improving acidic paddy field soil, comprising the following steps: 1-2 days before rice transplanting, applying a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, boron fertilizer, and zinc fertilizer to the prepared paddy field, followed by harrowing; transplanting the rice seedlings to the harrowed paddy field and conducting field management until harvest; the application rate of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is 391-587 kg / ha, the application rate of the organic fertilizer is 1463-2195 kg / ha, the application rate of the magnesium fertilizer is 24.23-36.35 kg / ha, the application rate of the boron fertilizer is 0.28-0.85 kg / ha, and the application rate of the zinc fertilizer is 3.41-9.09 kg / ha; the magnesium, boron, and zinc fertilizers are expressed as the pure amounts of magnesium, boron, and zinc, respectively. This invention replaces 25% of conventional compound fertilizer (containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) with organic fertilizer, while simultaneously applying medium and trace elements such as magnesium, boron, and zinc. This saves labor, alleviates the problem of soil acidification caused by the application of single chemical fertilizers, increases rice yield, reduces the content of exchangeable acid in the soil, and increases the total amount of exchangeable base ions and the content of available elements, thereby raising the soil pH, enhancing the soil's acid resistance, and effectively improving acidic soils.

[0020] This invention also provides another fertilization method for improving acidic paddy field soil. Based on the above technical solution, quicklime is used to replace organic fertilizer in the paddy field, and the application rate of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is increased. The quicklime is applied to the paddy field 15-20 days before rice transplanting, before land preparation. The application rate of quicklime is 750-1800 kg / ha, and the application rate of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is 522-783 kg / ha. This invention, by adding magnesium, boron, zinc, and other micronutrients to the application of conventional compound fertilizer, and by adding quicklime, increases rice yield while reducing the soil's exchangeable acid content and increasing the total amount of exchangeable base ions and the available content of elements, thereby raising the soil pH, enhancing the soil's acid resistance, and effectively improving acidic soil. Meanwhile, this invention only requires the application of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer 1 to 2 days before rice transplanting, or the application of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer as base fertilizer, and no further topdressing is required in the later stage, saving labor costs. Detailed Implementation

[0021] This invention provides a fertilization method for improving acidic paddy field soil, comprising the following steps:

[0022] One to two days before rice transplanting, apply a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, boron fertilizer, and zinc fertilizer to the prepared paddy field, and then harrow the field. Transplant the rice seedlings to the harrowed paddy field and manage the field until harvest. The application rate of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is 391–587 kg / ha, the application rate of the organic fertilizer is 1463–2195 kg / ha, the application rate of the magnesium fertilizer is 24.23–36.35 kg / ha, the application rate of the boron fertilizer is 0.28–0.85 kg / ha, and the application rate of the zinc fertilizer is 3.41–9.09 kg / ha. The magnesium, boron, and zinc fertilizers are expressed as the pure amounts of magnesium, boron, and zinc, respectively.

[0023] In one embodiment, the present invention prepares acidic paddy field soil. In one embodiment, the pH value of the acidic paddy field soil is below 5.5. In one embodiment, the land preparation involves tilling and / or rotary tilling the acidic paddy field soil 9-15 days before rice transplanting; in another embodiment, tilling and / or rotary tilling the acidic paddy field soil 10-12 days before rice transplanting. The present invention does not specifically limit the tilling or rotary tilling method and adopts conventional tilling or rotary tilling methods in the art. In one embodiment, the acidic paddy field soil of the present invention is double-cropping rice paddy soil.

[0024] After land preparation, 1-2 days before rice transplanting, the present invention applies a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, boron fertilizer, and zinc fertilizer to the prepared paddy field, followed by harrowing. The application rate of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is 391-587 kg / ha, the application rate of the organic fertilizer is 1463-2195 kg / ha, the application rate of the magnesium fertilizer is 24.23-36.35 kg / ha, the application rate of the boron fertilizer is 0.28-0.85 kg / ha, and the application rate of the zinc fertilizer is 3.41-9.09 kg / ha; the magnesium, boron, and zinc fertilizers are expressed as pure amounts of magnesium, boron, and zinc, respectively.

[0025] In one embodiment, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer of the present invention can be a conventional compound fertilizer, which contains at least potassium fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, and controlled-release urea; the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is not particularly limited, and can be set according to the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in conventional compound fertilizers in the art. In one embodiment, the organic fertilizer of the present invention is a commercial organic fertilizer, which can replace 25% of the nitrogen in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer. In one embodiment, the application rate of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer in early rice paddies is 489 kg / ha, and the application rate in late rice paddies is 391 kg / ha. In another embodiment, the application rate of the organic fertilizer in early rice paddies is 1829 kg / ha, and the application rate in late rice paddies is 1463 kg / ha.

[0026] When the magnesium fertilizer, boron fertilizer, and zinc fertilizer are expressed as the pure amounts of magnesium, boron, and zinc, respectively, in one embodiment, the application rate of the magnesium fertilizer is 30.3 kg / ha; the application rate of the boron fertilizer is 0.425 kg / ha; and the application rate of the zinc fertilizer is 5.125 kg / ha.

[0027] When the magnesium, boron, and zinc fertilizers are applied in specific fertilizer forms, in one embodiment, the magnesium fertilizer is anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the application rate of the anhydrous magnesium sulfate is 120–180 kg / ha; in another embodiment, the application rate of the anhydrous magnesium sulfate is 150 kg / ha. In one embodiment, the boron fertilizer is decahydrate borax, and the application rate of the decahydrate borax is 10–30 kg / ha; in another embodiment, the application rate of the decahydrate borax is 15–20 kg / ha. In one embodiment, the zinc fertilizer is heptahydrate zinc sulfate, and the application rate of the heptahydrate zinc sulfate is 15–40 kg / ha; in another embodiment, the application rate of the heptahydrate zinc sulfate is 22.5 kg / ha.

[0028] In this invention, magnesium sulfate application enhances the photosynthetic capacity of rice leaves, promoting the production and accumulation of dry matter within the plant; zinc sulfate enhances the activity of enzymes related to photosynthesis and sugar transfer in rice, promoting carbohydrate accumulation; borax addition also has a positive effect on increasing the number of effective panicles and the grain filling rate. The addition of magnesium sulfate, borax, and zinc sulfate reduces the content of exchangeable acid in the soil and significantly increases the total amount of exchangeable base ions. The released base ions exchange exchangeable acid from the soil surface, causing exchangeable hydrogen ions and exchangeable aluminum ions to be released from the surface of soil colloidal particles into the soil solution, resulting in the loss of soil exchangeable acid and increasing soil base saturation.

[0029] In this invention, the application of organic fertilizer replaces 25% of chemical fertilizer, introducing a large amount of organic matter, promoting rice growth, and increasing rice yield. The addition of magnesium, boron, and zinc fertilizers enhances the activity of enzymes involved in photosynthesis in rice, thereby increasing the photosynthetic rate. It also promotes the rice's ability to absorb nitrogen, increasing the number of effective panicles, the number of grains per panicle, and the seed setting rate, thus also increasing rice yield.

[0030] In this invention, the fertilization method further includes replacing organic fertilizer with quicklime in the paddy field and increasing the application rate of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer; the quicklime is applied to the paddy field 15-20 days before rice transplanting and before land preparation; the application rate of quicklime is 750-1800 kg / ha; the application rate of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is 522-783 kg / ha. As one embodiment, the application rate of quicklime is 1125 kg / ha. As another embodiment, the application rate of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer of this invention is 652 kg / ha in early rice paddies and 522 kg / ha in late rice paddies.

[0031] In one implementation, the quicklime is applied to the paddy field 15-20 days before early rice transplanting, but not before late rice transplanting. In another implementation, the quicklime is applied to the paddy field only once, 15-20 days before early rice transplanting. The reason for applying quicklime before early rice transplanting but not before late rice transplanting is that, considering the agricultural production cost of quicklime and its residual effects on the soil, quicklime applied during the early rice season can continuously influence the soil, providing a favorable soil environment for late rice growth and reducing agricultural production costs during the late rice season. Furthermore, frequent application of lime to both early and late rice crops may lead to excessive lime application, damaging the soil's aggregate structure, causing soil compaction, and reducing soil aeration and permeability.

[0032] In this invention, the application of quicklime increases the total amount of exchangeable basic ions in the soil, and a large number of basic ions exchange exchangeable H+ from the soil surface. + And Al 3+ When quicklime is applied to the soil, it hydrolyzes to produce OH-. - and HCO 3- A neutralization reaction occurs, which significantly reduces the content of exchangeable acids in the soil, thereby increasing the soil pH.

[0033] In this invention, the advantages of applying quicklime and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium-containing compound fertilizer at intervals include the following three points: 1. Chemical reaction time: After quicklime is applied to the soil, it reacts chemically with the soil moisture to produce calcium hydroxide and release heat. This process requires a certain amount of time to allow the quicklime to fully react and exert its functions of regulating soil pH, disinfecting and sterilizing, and supplementing soil calcium. 2. Avoiding damage to crops: The heat released during the reaction of quicklime is relatively high. If rice is transplanted immediately, the high temperature may damage the crop's root system, affecting its normal growth and survival rate. Maintaining a certain interval ensures that the soil temperature drops to a range suitable for crop growth. 3. Ensuring the recovery of soil microorganisms: When quicklime reacts in the soil, it kills some soil microorganisms, including beneficial bacteria. Maintaining a certain interval is conducive to the recovery and reconstruction of the soil microbial community, thereby maintaining the soil ecological balance.

[0034] In the fertilization method for improving acidic paddy field soil by applying quicklime, the dosage and specific form of magnesium fertilizer, boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer are the same as those for improving acidic paddy field soil by applying organic fertilizer, and will not be repeated here.

[0035] After harrowing, the present invention transplants rice seedlings into the harrowed paddy field and manages them in the field until harvest. In one embodiment, the transplanting time for early rice is from late March to early April, and for late rice, it is from early August to mid-August. In one embodiment, the row spacing during rice transplanting is 20–30 cm; in another embodiment, the row spacing is 15–25 cm. In one embodiment, the plant spacing is 16–27 cm; in another embodiment, the plant spacing is 20–25 cm.

[0036] In one implementation method, the field management described in this invention includes pest and disease control, irrigation, and field drying, but does not involve topdressing. In another implementation method, the pest and disease control described in this invention includes, but is not limited to, the control of rice stem borers, leaf rollers, rice planthoppers, rice stalk borers, rice blast, and sheath blight. This invention does not specifically limit the method of field management; conventional field management methods in the art can be used.

[0037] As one implementation method, the harvesting described in this invention can be mechanical or manual, and there are no particular limitations on the specific method; any conventional method in the art can be used.

[0038] In addition to increasing the pH value of acidic paddy soil, the fertilization method described in this invention can also effectively increase the yield of rice. Therefore, the application of the fertilization method described in the above technical solution in rice cultivation also falls within the protection scope of this invention.

[0039] To further illustrate the present invention, the technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] A fertilization method for improving acidic paddy field soil, the steps of which are as follows:

[0042] The experiment was conducted in Nancun Village, Douhu Town, Taishan City, Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province (112°56'35”E, 22°02'29”N). The conventional fertilizer used was Kuaimei Formula Slow-Release Blended Fertilizer (23-6-21, slow-release nutrient is nitrogen), anhydrous magnesium sulfate, borax decahydrate and zinc sulfate heptahydrate. The specific application rates are shown in Table 1.

[0043] Apply quicklime evenly 15–20 days before rice transplanting. The amount of quicklime used is 1125 kg / ha. The quicklime is applied only once before the transplanting of early rice, and not before the transplanting of late rice.

[0044] The soil should be tilled or rotary tilled 10 days before rice transplanting.

[0045] One to two days before rice transplanting, evenly spread the mixed fertilizer (conventional formula fertilizer, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, borax decahydrate and zinc sulfate heptahydrate) into the field, and then harrow the field to thoroughly mix the fertilizer with the paddy soil.

[0046] Early rice is transplanted from the end of March to the beginning of April, and late rice is transplanted in the first half of August. The row spacing and plant spacing are 25cm.

[0047] When rice matures, it is harvested using combine harvesters or by hand. Early rice is generally harvested in mid-July, and late rice is generally harvested in mid-November.

[0048] Table 1 Specific field management measures for Example 1

[0049]

[0050] Table 2. Effects of Fertilization Method in Example 1 on Rice Yield and Soil pH

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] As shown in Table 2, when the acidic paddy field rice fertilization method provided in this embodiment is adopted, the average yield of early rice increases from 3805 kg / ha (conventional fertilization) to 3994 kg / ha, an increase of 189 kg / ha (5.0%); the average yield of late rice increases from 5188 kg / ha (conventional fertilization) to 6342 kg / ha, an increase of 1154 kg / ha (22.2%); the soil pH increases from 4.45 (conventional fertilization) to 4.89, an increase of 0.44 units; and the soil exchangeable acid content decreases from 2.87 cmol / kg (conventional fertilization) to 1.16 cmol / kg. The concentration of phosphorus in the soil decreased by 1.71 cmol / kg (a decrease of 59.6%); the total amount of exchangeable basic ions in the soil increased from 4.67 cmol / kg under conventional fertilization to 8.36 cmol / kg, an increase of 3.69 cmol / kg (an increase of 79.0%); the content of available boron in the soil increased from 0.40 mg / kg under conventional fertilization to 0.94 mg / kg, an increase of 0.54 mg / kg (an increase of 135%); and the content of available zinc in the soil increased from 2.23 mg / kg under conventional fertilization to 5.96 mg / kg, an increase of 3.73 mg / kg (an increase of 167%).

[0054] Example 2

[0055] A fertilization method for improving acidic paddy field soil, the steps of which are as follows:

[0056] The experiment was conducted in Nancun Village, Douhu Town, Taishan City, Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province (112°56'35”E, 22°02'29”N). The conventional fertilizers used were Kuaimei Formula Slow-Release Blended Fertilizer (23-6-21, slow-release nutrient is nitrogen), commercial organic fertilizer (cow manure fermentation material, N 2.05%, P2O5 0.64%, K2O 1.17%, organic matter ≥50%), anhydrous magnesium sulfate, borax decahydrate and zinc sulfate heptahydrate. The specific fertilization methods are shown in Table 3.

[0057] Ten days before rice transplanting, the soil should be tilled or rotary tilled.

[0058] One to two days before rice transplanting, evenly spread the mixed fertilizer (conventional formula fertilizer, commercial organic fertilizer, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, borax decahydrate and zinc sulfate heptahydrate) into the field, and then harrow the field to thoroughly mix the fertilizer with the paddy soil.

[0059] Early rice is transplanted from the end of March to the beginning of April, and late rice is transplanted in the first half of August. The row spacing and plant spacing are 25cm.

[0060] When rice matures, it is harvested using combine harvesters or by hand. Early rice is generally harvested in mid-July, and late rice is generally harvested in mid-November.

[0061] Table 3 Specific field management measures for Example 2

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] Table 4. Effects of Fertilization Methods in Example 2 on Rice Yield and Soil pH

[0065] deal with Farmers' conventional fertilization This invention applies fertilizer Change rate of change Early rice yield (kg / hectare) 3805 4407 +602 +15.8％ Late rice yield (kg / hectare) 5188 5906 +718 +13.8％ pH value 4.45 4.62 +0.17 Soil exchangeable acid content (cmol / kg) 2.87 2.13 -0.74 -25.8％ Total exchangeable base ions in soil (cmol / kg) 4.67 7.39 +2.72 +58.2％ Available boron content in soil (mg / kg) 0.40 0.92 +0.52 +130％ Available zinc content in soil (mg / kg) 2.23 5.44 +3.21 +144％

[0066] As shown in Table 4, when the acidic paddy field rice fertilization method provided in this embodiment is adopted, the average yield of early rice increases from 3805 kg / ha (conventional fertilization) to 4407 kg / ha, an increase of 602 kg / ha (15.8%); the average yield of late rice increases from 5188 kg / ha (conventional fertilization) to 5906 kg / ha, an increase of 718 kg / ha (13.8%); the soil pH increases from 4.45 (conventional fertilization) to 4.62 (conventional fertilization), an increase of 0.17 units; and the soil exchangeable acid content decreases from 2.87 cmol / kg (conventional fertilization) to 2.13 cmol / kg. The concentration of phosphorus in the soil decreased by 0.74 cmol / kg (a decrease of 25.8%); the total amount of exchangeable basic ions in the soil increased from 4.67 cmol / kg under conventional fertilization to 7.39 cmol / kg, an increase of 2.72 cmol / kg (an increase of 58.2%); the content of available boron in the soil increased from 0.40 mg / kg under conventional fertilization to 0.92 mg / kg, an increase of 0.52 mg / kg (an increase of 130%); and the content of available zinc in the soil increased from 2.23 mg / kg under conventional fertilization to 5.44 mg / kg, an increase of 3.21 mg / kg (an increase of 144%).

[0067] From the above embodiments, it can be concluded that the fertilization method of the present invention can effectively increase the pH value of acidic paddy soil, improve the acidic soil environment, and significantly increase the yield of rice.

[0068] Although the above embodiments have provided a detailed description of the present invention, they are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. People can obtain other embodiments based on these embodiments without creative effort, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fertilization method for improving acidic paddy field soil and its application, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: One to two days before rice transplanting, apply nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, boron fertilizer, and zinc fertilizer to the prepared paddy field, and then harrow the field. Transplant the rice seedlings to the harrowed paddy field and carry out field management until harvest; The application rate of the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer is 391–587 kg / ha, the application rate of the organic fertilizer is 1463–2195 kg / ha, the application rate of the magnesium fertilizer is 24.23–36.35 kg / ha, the application rate of the boron fertilizer is 0.28–0.85 kg / ha, and the application rate of the zinc fertilizer is 3.41–9.09 kg / ha; the magnesium fertilizer, boron fertilizer, and zinc fertilizer are expressed as the pure content of magnesium, boron, and zinc, respectively.

2. The fertilization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fertilization method also includes replacing organic fertilizer with quicklime in the paddy field and increasing the application amount of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer; the quicklime is applied to the paddy field before land preparation 15 to 20 days before rice transplanting; the application amount of quicklime is 750 to 1800 kg / hectare. The application rate of the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer is 522–783 kg / ha.

3. The fertilization method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The quicklime is applied to the paddy field 15-20 days before the early rice transplanting, but not before the late rice transplanting.

4. The fertilization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer was applied at a rate of 489 kg / ha in early rice paddies and 391 kg / ha in late rice paddies.

5. The fertilization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application rate of the organic fertilizer in early rice paddies was 1829 kg / ha, and the application rate in late rice paddies was 1463 kg / ha.

6. The fertilization method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer is applied at a rate of 652 kg / ha in early rice paddies and 522 kg / ha in late rice paddies.

7. The fertilization method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The magnesium fertilizer includes anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the application rate of the anhydrous magnesium sulfate is 120-180 kg / ha; the boron fertilizer includes borax decahydrate, and the application rate of the borax decahydrate is 10-30 kg / ha; the zinc fertilizer includes zinc sulfate heptahydrate, and the application rate of the zinc sulfate heptahydrate is 15-40 kg / ha.

8. The fertilization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the rice transplanting process, the early rice is transplanted from late March to early April, and the late rice is transplanted from early August to mid-August.

9. The fertilization method according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that, During the rice transplanting process, the row spacing is 20-30cm and the plant spacing is 16-27cm.

10. The application of the fertilization method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in rice cultivation.

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