A method and system for evaluating the stability of water-rich dynamic pressure surrounding rock of a roadway

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of water-rich dynamic pressure roadway surrounding rock stability evaluation method and system, method includes: based on the characteristics of water-rich dynamic pressure roadway determines surrounding rock stability evaluation index, surrounding rock stability evaluation index includes: support safety index, surrounding rock stability index and engineering nature;Original evaluation index data of current roadway is collected and is standardized, and the standardized value of original evaluation index data is obtained;Surrounding rock stability evaluation index is scored, and index weight value is calculated according to the scoring result;Weighted calculation is carried out to standardized value and index weight value, and the total score of evaluation is obtained;Based on the total score of evaluation, the stability of the surrounding rock of current roadway is judged by referring to the grading evaluation table.The application realizes "evaluation-control" closed loop, and formulates targeted support strategy based on the grading result, dynamically adapts the stability change of surrounding rock of water-rich dynamic pressure roadway, and provides solid evaluation basis for the stability control of roadway surrounding rock.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of roadway surrounding rock stability control technology, specifically relating to a method and system for assessing the stability of surrounding rock in water-rich dynamic pressure roadways. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of mining engineering, water-rich dynamic pressure roadways, as typical roadways with complex geological conditions, have always posed a significant technical challenge in controlling the stability of their surrounding rock. These roadways simultaneously face the coupled effects of groundwater and dynamic mine pressure, making the surrounding rock prone to softening upon contact with water, accelerated fissure development, and repeated stress concentration and disturbance. This can lead to engineering disasters such as large deformation, floor heave, and even collapse, seriously threatening mine construction safety and operational efficiency.

[0003] Currently, although some technical solutions have been developed in the industry for the assessment and control of roadway surrounding rock stability, the lack of systematic integration of existing monitoring methods and the independent collection and lack of correlation of data from various devices make it difficult to reflect the multi-dimensional impact mechanism of surrounding rock stability. Furthermore, the existing classification methods for surrounding rock stability in underground mining areas do not consider the dynamic characteristics of water softening and repeated stress disturbance under the coupling effect of water abundance and dynamic pressure. The evaluation indicators mostly focus on the static inherent properties of the rock mass (RQD, rock compressive strength), and the monitoring methods rely on traditional core sampling and empirical table lookup. There is a lack of real-time collaborative monitoring of dynamic parameters such as surrounding rock stress, deformation, and fracture development, which makes it difficult to adapt to the complex working conditions of water-rich dynamic pressure roadways. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to address the shortcomings of existing technologies and provides the following solutions: A method for assessing the stability of surrounding rock in water-rich, dynamically pressure-driven roadways includes the following steps: Based on the characteristics of water-rich dynamic pressure roadways, the surrounding rock stability evaluation indicators are determined, including: support safety indicators, surrounding rock stability indicators, and engineering performance. Collect the original evaluation index data of the current roadway and perform standardization processing to obtain the standardized values ​​of the original evaluation index data; The surrounding rock stability evaluation index is scored, and the index weight value is calculated based on the scoring results; The standardized value and the indicator weight value are weighted and calculated to obtain the total evaluation score; The stability of the surrounding rock in the current roadway is determined based on the total assessment score and the grading assessment table.

[0005] Preferably, the support safety indicators include: the degree of stress concentration in the surrounding rock, the utilization rate of anchor bolts, and the rate of change of the plastic zone range; The surrounding rock stability indicators include: roof subsidence rate, floor heave rate, and sidewall inward displacement rate.

[0006] Preferably, the original evaluation index data includes: surrounding rock structural stress data, surrounding rock convergence deformation, surrounding rock fissure development degree, and surrounding rock consolidation degree.

[0007] Preferably, the method for obtaining the original evaluation index includes: The deformation of the anchor bolt and anchor cable is measured by an anchor bolt and cable stress gauge, and the stress data of the surrounding rock structure is obtained by combining fiber optic sensing. The amount of convergent deformation of the surrounding rock was measured by a mine roadway roof delamination instrument and combined with three-dimensional laser scanning. The degree of fracture development in the surrounding rock was obtained using microseismic monitoring technology and machine vision monitoring. The degree of consolidation of the surrounding rock is obtained by using a borehole inspection instrument and then by using an electrical resistivity tomography (EDT) instrument to collect further data.

[0008] Preferably, the method for obtaining the standardized value includes: Identify and correct erroneous measurement or recorded values ​​in the original evaluation index data to obtain corrected data; For data with a small number of samples in the corrected data, new samples are generated by copying samples and random interpolation to obtain the interpolated data. The interpolated data is then subjected to min-max normalization to obtain normalized data. The standardized values ​​of the original evaluation index data are obtained based on the normalized data.

[0009] The present invention also provides a system for assessing the stability of surrounding rock in water-rich dynamic pressure roadways. The system applies the above-mentioned method and includes: an index determination module, a raw data processing module, a weight calculation module, a total score calculation module, and an assessment module. The index determination module determines the surrounding rock stability evaluation index based on the characteristics of water-rich dynamic pressure roadways. The surrounding rock stability evaluation index includes: support safety index, surrounding rock stability index, and engineering performance. The raw data processing module is used to collect the raw evaluation index data of the current roadway and perform standardization processing to obtain the standardized value of the raw evaluation index data. The weight calculation module is used to score the surrounding rock stability evaluation index and calculate the index weight value based on the scoring result. The total score calculation module is used to perform a weighted calculation on the standardized value and the indicator weight value to obtain the total evaluation score; The evaluation module determines the stability of the surrounding rock in the current roadway based on the total evaluation score and the graded evaluation table.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention integrates multiple modern monitoring technologies, such as fiber optic sensing, microseismic monitoring, and three-dimensional laser scanning, to form a collaborative acquisition mechanism, enabling comprehensive perception of the surrounding rock condition under complex working conditions. It establishes a standardized quantitative assessment process, transforming qualitative descriptions into quantitative results through data preprocessing, formula calculation, and a five-level grading standard. This achieves an "assessment-control" closed loop, allowing for the development of targeted support strategies based on the grading results, dynamically adapting to changes in the surrounding rock stability of water-rich, dynamically pressure-prone roadways. This provides a solid evaluation basis for the stability control of the roadway's surrounding rock, contributing to the maintenance of the roadway's safety and long-term stability throughout its entire lifecycle during mining operations. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0015] Example 1 In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a method for assessing the stability of surrounding rock in water-rich, dynamically stressed roadways includes the following steps: S1. Determine the surrounding rock stability evaluation index based on the characteristics of water-rich dynamic pressure roadways. The surrounding rock stability evaluation index includes: support safety index, surrounding rock stability index, and engineering performance.

[0016] Support safety indicators include: stress concentration in the surrounding rock, anchor bolt utilization rate, and rate of change of the plastic zone range; surrounding rock stability indicators include: roof settlement rate, floor heave rate, and inward displacement rate of the two sidewalls.

[0017] S2. Collect the original evaluation index data of the current roadway and perform standardization processing to obtain the standardized values ​​of the original evaluation index data.

[0018] The original evaluation index data include: surrounding rock structural stress data, surrounding rock convergence deformation, surrounding rock fissure development degree, and surrounding rock consolidation degree.

[0019] The methods for obtaining the original evaluation indicators include: measuring the deformation of anchor bolts and cables using anchor bolt stress gauges and obtaining stress data of the surrounding rock structure using fiber optic sensing; measuring the surrounding rock convergence deformation using a mine roadway roof delamination meter and combining it with three-dimensional laser scanning; obtaining the degree of surrounding rock fracture development using microseismic monitoring technology and machine vision monitoring; and obtaining the degree of surrounding rock consolidation by using a borehole inspection instrument and then collecting further data using an electrical resistivity tomography instrument.

[0020] In this embodiment, various multi-dimensional monitoring elements, such as pre-installed fiber optic sensors, microseismic monitoring systems, acoustic emission sensors, and hollow inclusion stress gauges, are used to collect data on monitoring indicators of the surrounding rock structure, including stress, convergence deformation, fissure development, and consolidation degree. The detection of surrounding rock convergence deformation employs a multi-device collaborative acquisition mechanism, establishing a linked acquisition logic of "stress-deformation-fissure-consolidation." The equipment mainly includes: a 3D laser scanner, a total station automatic monitoring system, fiber optic sensing technology, and an inertial navigation system. The functions of each instrument are as follows: the 3D laser scanner rapidly acquires point cloud data of the roadway surface, thereby constructing a 3D deformation model with millimeter-level accuracy; the total station automatic monitoring system achieves remote automated monitoring through a prism target; fiber optic sensing technology can continuously monitor strain distribution along the entire length of the roadway; and the inertial navigation system integrates gyroscopes and accelerometers to monitor the overall displacement trajectory of the roadway in real time. The degree of surrounding rock consolidation is mainly determined through borehole inspection using a borehole inspection instrument, followed by further data acquisition using an electrical resistivity tomography (EDT) instrument.

[0021] The correspondence between the original evaluation indicators and the surrounding rock stability evaluation indicators is as follows: (1) Degree of stress concentration in surrounding rock: By using fiber optic sensing technology, hollow inclusion stress gauges and other monitoring data, the stress distribution characteristics of surrounding rock are analyzed and the stress concentration coefficient is extracted.

[0022] (2) Anchor bolt utilization rate: The stress state of the anchor bolt is monitored by the anchor bolt stress gauge, and the ratio of the actual bearing capacity of the anchor bolt to the design value is calculated in combination with the design bearing capacity.

[0023] (3) Change rate of plastic zone: The range of plastic zone of surrounding rock is determined by comprehensive methods such as microseismic monitoring, borehole inspection instrument, and electrical resistivity tester, and its change rate over time is calculated.

[0024] (4) Rate of change of roof subsidence / floor heave / sidewall inward movement: The displacement data of the roadway surface is obtained by three-dimensional laser scanning, total station, fiber optic strain monitoring, etc. The deformation of the roof, floor and sidewalls is extracted respectively, and their rate of change over time is calculated.

[0025] (5) Engineering aspects: These are calculated by combining the cost data of roadway support materials, labor, and equipment with the roadway's service life and maintenance frequency. They are not direct monitoring indicators but are used as input for subsequent evaluation.

[0026] It should be noted that "surrounding rock structural stress data, surrounding rock convergence deformation, surrounding rock fissure development degree and surrounding rock consolidation degree" refer to "surrounding rock stress concentration degree, anchor bolt utilization rate, plastic zone range change rate, etc.", and are subordinate to each other.

[0027] The method for obtaining standardized values ​​includes: identifying and correcting erroneous measurements or recorded values ​​in the original evaluation index data to obtain corrected data. For data with a small sample size in the corrected data, new samples are generated using duplicated samples and random interpolation methods to obtain interpolated data. The interpolated data is then subjected to min-max normalization to obtain normalized data. Based on the normalized data, the standardized values ​​of the original evaluation index data are obtained.

[0028] In this embodiment, after obtaining the original evaluation index data of each evaluation index for the A coal mine roadway, it is necessary to standardize them to eliminate the influence of dimensions and ensure that the data are within a unified [0,1] interval, facilitating comprehensive comparison and calculation. This method uses the minimum-maximum normalization method, and the processing procedure is as follows: (1) Determine the indicator attributes: Clarify whether each evaluation indicator is a "positive indicator" or a "negative indicator".

[0029] (2) Set the benchmark range: Based on the tunnel design specifications, historical monitoring database or engineering experience, determine the upper limit value max and lower limit value min for each indicator in the evaluation system.

[0030] (3) Calculate using the formula: For positive indicators, the standardized value is ; For inverse indicators, the standardized value is ; Wherein, V_original refers to the original evaluation index data of the indicator.

[0031] (4) Results output: The standardized values ​​of all indicators constitute a standardized dataset, as shown in Table 1, which serves as the input for subsequent weighted evaluation.

[0032] Table 1 S3. Score the surrounding rock stability evaluation indicators and calculate the indicator weight values ​​based on the scoring results.

[0033] The evaluation is conducted on two parts: support safety and surrounding rock stability. Support safety is mainly composed of three evaluation indicators: the degree of stress concentration in the surrounding rock, the utilization rate of anchor bolts, and the rate of change of the plastic zone. Surrounding rock stability is mainly composed of three evaluation indicators: the rate of change of roof settlement, the rate of change of floor heave, and the rate of change of inward displacement of the sidewalls. The evaluation indicators are scored according to the "Code for Acceptance of Quality of Coal Mine Tunneling Engineering" and the "Code for Technical Specification of Coal Mine Support," and the final indicator weight values ​​are obtained by substituting them into the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) formula. The calculation results are shown in Table 2.

[0034] Table 2 The evaluation indicators are ranked in order of degree using grey relational analysis. Grey relational analysis does not require a large amount of sample data and overcomes the limitation of using only two factors for comparison in general system analysis. It incorporates as many factors as possible into the system for analysis and comparison, and can determine the relative degree of a discrete function with respect to any other function. The method for ranking the main controlling factors of roadway surrounding rock control effect based on grey relational analysis mainly includes the following steps: (1) Determine the analysis sequence: Based on the influencing factors of roadway surrounding rock deformation and the engineering site conditions, the sequence composed of roadway surrounding rock control effect labels is used as a reference sequence. X 0={ x 0(1), x 0(2),…, x 0( n )}. Among them, the reference sequence X 0 is composed of a quantitative value representing the control effect of the surrounding rock in the tunnel. x 0( n ) indicates the first n The comprehensive evaluation value of the surrounding rock control effect for each monitoring cycle (or monitoring point); the sequence of the six main factors affecting the surrounding rock control effect of the roadway is defined as a comparison series. Xi ={ xi (1), xi (2),…, xi ( n )}( i =1,2,…,6), where, x 1( n () represents the rate of change of roof subsidence. x 2( n ) represents the rate of change of the bass drum. x 3( n ) represents the rate of change of the inward shift of the two sides. x 4( n The degree of stress concentration in the surrounding rock is represented by .x 5( n (This refers to the utilization rate of anchor bolts.) x 6( n ) represents the rate of change of the plastic zone.

[0035] (2) Preprocessing of raw data: In order to ensure that the results are not affected by the dimensionality between feature data, the data is subjected to min-max normalization.

[0036] in, Xij Indicators Xi The corresponding number j One data point; Xj max is an indicator Xj The maximum value among all data; Xj min represents the indicator Xj The minimum value among all data; After min-max normalization, the index Xi The corresponding number j Data (3) Find the difference: For each point in the reference sequence, calculate the absolute value of the difference ∆ between it and the comparison sequence. oi ( k ): in, k This indicates the serial number of each measuring point.

[0037] (4) Find the maximum and minimum values. Based on the absolute values ​​of all the differences obtained in the previous step, find the maximum value ∆max and the minimum value ∆min.

[0038] (5) Calculate the correlation coefficient and the reference sequence. X 0 and comparison sequence Xi The correlation coefficient between them, that is: Among them, among them, ρ Represents the resolution coefficient. ρ ∈[0,1], generally speaking, ρ A smaller value can improve the resolution of the correlation. However, the key to this method is ranking the correlations, with the order reflecting the degree of influence of the factors, regardless of the magnitude of their differences. A value of 0.5 is typically used.

[0039] (6) Calculate the average correlation coefficient for each reference sequence: ; (7) Association sorting: Sort by the degree of association. If Then it means Xa andX The correlation of 0 is greater than Xb and X The degree of correlation with 0; if , then it means Xa and X The correlation of 0 is less than Xb and X The degree of correlation with 0; if Then it means Xa and X The degree of correlation of 0 and Xb and X The correlation between 0 and 0 is quite high. Among them, Xa and Xb This represents the reference series index value described above.

[0040] S4. Perform a weighted calculation on the standardized values ​​and indicator weights to obtain the total evaluation score.

[0041] In this embodiment, the weighted total score is calculated based on the standardized value and the overall weight: ① Roof settlement rate: 0.75 × 0.2207 = 0.1655; ② Bottom drum variation rate: 0.82 × 0.1417 = 0.1162; ③ Rate of change of inward shift of the two sides: 0.85 × 0.1606 = 0.1365; ④ Stress concentration in the surrounding rock: 0.70 × 0.1049 = 0.0734; ⑤ Anchor bolt utilization rate: 0.65 × 0.0784 = 0.0510; ⑥ Rate of change of the plastic zone: 0.60 × 0.1147 = 0.0688.

[0042] S5. Determine the stability of the surrounding rock in the current roadway based on the total assessment score and the graded assessment table.

[0043] Based on the above results, the total score is 0.611. By comparing the obtained results with the grading evaluation table, the grading standard is shown in Table 3. The result of the stability assessment of the surrounding rock of the roadway in Coal Mine A is considered to be good.

[0044] Table 3 .

[0045] The advantages of the method for assessing the stability of surrounding rock in water-rich dynamic pressure roadways provided in this embodiment are: (1) It comprehensively considers multiple influencing factors and can assess the stability of surrounding rock more comprehensively; (2) It uses advanced monitoring technology and equipment to collect data more accurately and improve the accuracy of assessment; (3) Real-time monitoring and preliminary judgment analysis can promptly identify potential risks and provide a time advantage for taking corresponding measures; (4) Based on scientific assessment formulas and grading standards, the assessment results are more reliable and provide a favorable basis for the stability control of surrounding rock in roadways; (5) The assessment and support strategies are adjusted in a timely manner according to the changes in the surrounding rock state, effectively addressing the stability problem of surrounding rock in water-rich dynamic pressure roadways and ensuring the safety and stability of the roadway throughout its entire life cycle; (6) Compared with existing grading methods, this invention effectively overcomes the defects of traditional methods in special working conditions of water-rich dynamic pressure, such as "static assessment is not applicable, dynamic response is difficult to capture, and support basis is not accurate", through the innovative combination of dynamic monitoring index system, multi-source collaborative monitoring technology and multi-dimensional closed-loop assessment logic, making the assessment results more in line with the actual working state of the roadway and providing more targeted technical support for the stability control of surrounding rock under complex working conditions.

[0046] Example 2 In this embodiment, a system for assessing the stability of surrounding rock in water-rich dynamic pressure roadways includes: an index determination module, a raw data processing module, a weight calculation module, a total score calculation module, and an assessment module.

[0047] The index determination module determines the surrounding rock stability evaluation indexes based on the characteristics of water-rich dynamic pressure roadways. These indexes include support safety indexes and surrounding rock stability indexes. The raw data processing module collects the raw evaluation index data of the current roadway and performs standardization processing to obtain standardized values. The weight calculation module scores the surrounding rock stability evaluation indexes and calculates the index weight values ​​based on the scoring results. The total score calculation module performs a weighted calculation on the standardized values ​​and index weight values ​​to obtain the total evaluation score. The evaluation module determines the stability of the surrounding rock of the current roadway based on the total evaluation score and a grading evaluation table.

[0048] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for assessing the stability of surrounding rock in water-rich, dynamically pressurized roadways, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Based on the characteristics of water-rich dynamic pressure roadways, the surrounding rock stability evaluation indicators are determined, including: support safety indicators, surrounding rock stability indicators, and engineering performance. Collect the original evaluation index data of the current roadway and perform standardization processing to obtain the standardized values ​​of the original evaluation index data; The surrounding rock stability evaluation index is scored, and the index weight value is calculated based on the scoring results; The standardized value and the indicator weight value are weighted and calculated to obtain the total evaluation score; The stability of the surrounding rock in the current roadway is determined based on the total assessment score and the grading assessment table.

2. The method for assessing the stability of surrounding rock in water-rich, dynamically pressure-driven roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support safety indicators include: the degree of stress concentration in the surrounding rock, the utilization rate of anchor bolts, and the rate of change of the range of the plastic zone; The surrounding rock stability indicators include: roof subsidence rate, floor heave rate, and sidewall inward displacement rate.

3. The method for assessing the stability of surrounding rock in water-rich, dynamically pressure-driven roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The original evaluation index data include: surrounding rock structural stress data, surrounding rock convergence deformation, surrounding rock fissure development degree, and surrounding rock consolidation degree.

4. The method for assessing the stability of surrounding rock in water-rich, dynamically pressure-driven roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The methods for obtaining the original evaluation indicators include: The deformation of the anchor bolt and anchor cable is measured by an anchor bolt and cable stress gauge, and the stress data of the surrounding rock structure is obtained by combining fiber optic sensing. The amount of convergent deformation of the surrounding rock was measured by a mine roadway roof delamination instrument and combined with three-dimensional laser scanning. The degree of fracture development in the surrounding rock was obtained using microseismic monitoring technology and machine vision monitoring. The degree of consolidation of the surrounding rock is obtained by using a borehole inspection instrument and then by using an electrical resistivity tomography (EDT) instrument to collect further data.

5. The method for assessing the stability of surrounding rock in water-rich, dynamically pressure-driven roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The methods for obtaining the standardized value include: Identify and correct erroneous measurement or recorded values ​​in the original evaluation index data to obtain corrected data; For data with a small number of samples in the corrected data, new samples are generated by copying samples and random interpolation to obtain the interpolated data. The interpolated data is then subjected to min-max normalization to obtain normalized data. The standardized values ​​of the original evaluation index data are obtained based on the normalized data.

6. A system for assessing the stability of surrounding rock in water-rich, dynamically stressed roadways, wherein the system employs the method described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that... include: The module includes: indicator determination module, raw data processing module, weight calculation module, total score calculation module, and evaluation module. The index determination module determines the surrounding rock stability evaluation index based on the characteristics of water-rich dynamic pressure roadways. The surrounding rock stability evaluation index includes: support safety index, surrounding rock stability index, and engineering performance. The raw data processing module is used to collect the raw evaluation index data of the current roadway and perform standardization processing to obtain the standardized value of the raw evaluation index data. The weight calculation module is used to score the surrounding rock stability evaluation index and calculate the index weight value based on the scoring result. The total score calculation module is used to perform a weighted calculation on the standardized value and the indicator weight value to obtain the total evaluation score; The evaluation module determines the stability of the surrounding rock in the current roadway based on the total evaluation score and the graded evaluation table.

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