Data transmission method and system for a heterogeneous network

Abstract

The application discloses a data transmission method and system of a heterogeneous network, the method comprising: acquiring network priorities of each available network within a preset range; acquiring data transmission information of a data packet to be transmitted, so as to divide a plurality of available networks into a plurality of primary transmission networks and a plurality of backup transmission networks; determining target transmission data streams of each primary transmission network; when the target transmission data streams are allocated to the primary transmission networks for data transmission, real-time monitoring of real-time primary network performance indexes of each primary transmission network and real-time backup network performance indexes of each backup transmission network is performed to determine a to-be-switched network in the plurality of primary transmission networks and a to-be-transmitted network in the plurality of backup transmission networks; and untransmitted data streams of the to-be-switched network are allocated to the to-be-transmitted network for data transmission, so that the efficiency of data transmission is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of data transmission technology, and specifically to a data transmission method and system for heterogeneous networks. Background Technology

[0002] Heterogeneous networks refer to two or more wireless or wired communication systems that employ different access technologies, or those that use the same wireless or wired access technologies but belong to different wireless operators. Since existing wireless access systems overlap in many areas, these overlapping systems of different types can be intelligently combined using intelligent access methods from multi-mode terminals. This allows multiple types of networks to jointly provide users with wireless access anytime, anywhere, thus forming a heterogeneous network.

[0003] When using heterogeneous networks for data transmission, existing technologies often employ centralized channel resource allocation mechanisms or physical unidirectional channels constructed using hardware such as unidirectional optical network cards. While channel resource allocation mechanisms reduce interference between networks in a heterogeneous network and improve the overall utilization efficiency of channel resources, this approach focuses more on the allocation and management of channel resources, offering relatively limited support for dynamic optimization of data transmission paths and multi-path concurrent transmission capabilities, thus failing to fully leverage the advantages of multi-access heterogeneous networks. Furthermore, solutions based on physical unidirectional channels for data transmission are typically designed for fixed, pre-defined unidirectional or single-channel scenarios, lacking the ability to intelligently select the optimal path, perform multi-path parallel transmission, and adaptively adjust based on real-time network conditions in dynamically changing heterogeneous networks.

[0004] When transmitting data, especially large amounts of data, the process is often lengthy and prone to stuttering and delays, which severely impacts the data transmission speed. In existing single-channel (path) network data transmission, when stuttering or delays occur, it is impossible to switch to other networks with better transmission speeds in a timely manner, which seriously affects data transmission efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention discloses a data transmission method and system for heterogeneous networks, which improves data transmission efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this invention discloses a data transmission method for heterogeneous networks, comprising: Obtain the network performance index of each available network within a preset range, and determine the network priority of each available network based on the network performance index; Obtain data transmission information of the data packet to be transmitted, and divide the multiple available networks into several primary transmission networks and several backup transmission networks according to the data transmission information and the network priority; The data packet to be transmitted is divided into multiple data sub-streams according to the network performance indicators of each primary transmission network to determine the target transmission data stream of each primary transmission network. When the target transmission data stream is allocated to the primary transmission network for data transmission, the real-time primary network performance index of each primary transmission network and the real-time backup network performance index of each backup transmission network are monitored in real time. Based on the real-time primary network performance indicators, several networks to be switched in the primary transmission network are determined, and based on the real-time backup network performance indicators, several networks to be transmitted in the backup transmission network are determined. Obtain the untransmitted data stream of the network to be switched, and allocate the untransmitted data stream to the network to be switched for data transmission.

[0007] This invention discloses a data transmission method for heterogeneous networks. By dynamically evaluating network performance, intelligently dividing transmission paths, segmenting data streams, real-time monitoring, and adaptive switching, it effectively solves the problem of inefficiency caused by the inability to switch to a backup network in a timely manner when the performance of the primary network deteriorates in heterogeneous network data transmission. This method achieves dynamic optimization of data transmission paths and concurrent transmission along multiple paths, and can adaptively adjust according to real-time network conditions, thereby avoiding stuttering and latency during data transmission and ensuring the continuity and overall efficiency of data transmission.

[0008] As a preferred example, the step of obtaining the network performance index of each available network within a preset range, and determining the network priority of each available network based on the network performance index, includes: For any network within a preset range, a request frame is sent to the network to obtain the network information of the network, and the network information is used to determine whether the network is an available network; When all available networks within the preset range are obtained, multiple network performance indicators for each available network and the measured value of each network performance indicator are obtained. The measured values ​​of each of the aforementioned indicators are normalized to obtain multiple performance indicator values ​​for each of the available networks. The multiple performance index values ​​of each available network are weighted and summed according to preset weight coefficients to obtain a network score for each available network, and the network priority of each available network is determined based on the network score.

[0009] The above scheme obtains network information and determines availability by sending request frames to networks within a preset range, ensuring the effectiveness and real-time nature of the evaluation object and avoiding invalid evaluations of unavailable networks. It acquires measurement values ​​of multiple network performance indicators, achieving comprehensive quantitative collection of network performance and covering performance characteristics across different dimensions. Normalization of each indicator measurement value eliminates dimensional differences between different indicators, making performance values ​​comparable on a uniform scale. A network score is obtained by weighted summation of the normalized performance indicator values ​​according to preset weight coefficients, comprehensively considering the importance of different indicators and making priority determination more objective and customized. Finally, network priorities are determined based on the network score, providing a reliable basis for subsequent network partitioning. These steps work together to improve the accuracy and adaptability of priority settings, thus laying a solid foundation for subsequent data transmission path selection and dynamic adjustment, effectively improving the efficiency and stability of heterogeneous network data transmission.

[0010] As a preferred example, the step of obtaining data transmission information of the data packet to be transmitted, and dividing the multiple available networks into several primary transmission networks and several backup transmission networks according to the data transmission information and the network priority, includes: Based on the network priority and a preset priority threshold, multiple candidate networks are selected from all available networks within the preset range; Obtain data transmission information of the data packet to be transmitted, and extract network performance requirements and user preference settings of the data packet to be transmitted from the data transmission information; Based on the network performance requirements and user preference settings, multiple candidate networks are filtered to obtain multiple transmission networks; One or more networks are selected from the plurality of transmission networks as the primary transmission network and at least one network is selected as the backup transmission network.

[0011] The above scheme combines the actual network performance requirements of data packets with users' subjective preferences to perform a secondary, refined screening of these candidate networks, thereby obtaining transmission networks that better meet actual transmission needs. Based on this, a primary transmission network and a backup transmission network are further clearly distinguished and selected from these transmission networks. This detailed and personalized network partitioning mechanism makes the selection of data transmission paths more precise, effectively avoiding the selection of networks that do not meet the specific performance requirements of data packets or that do not conform to user preferences as the primary path, thus significantly improving the efficiency, reliability, and user experience of data transmission. For example, for latency-sensitive real-time communication data packets, the system will prioritize low-latency networks; for cases where users explicitly prefer to use Wi-Fi for large file downloads, the system will prioritize Wi-Fi networks. This not only optimizes resource allocation but also enhances the system's adaptability and robustness in heterogeneous network environments.

[0012] As a preferred example, the step of dividing the data packet to be transmitted into multiple data sub-streams according to the network performance indicators of each primary transmission network to determine the target transmission data stream of each primary transmission network includes: The data packets to be transmitted are divided into multiple data sub-streams according to a preset data stream threshold. The real-time bandwidth of each primary transmission network is obtained, and the transmission weight of each primary transmission network is determined based on the real-time bandwidth, so as to determine the number of data sub-streams of each primary transmission network based on the transmission weight. The multiple data sub-streams are allocated to each of the primary transmission networks according to the number of data sub-streams, so as to obtain the target transmission data stream of each of the primary transmission networks.

[0013] The above scheme dynamically segments the data packets to be transmitted into multiple data sub-streams and dynamically calculates their transmission weights and the number of data sub-streams to be allocated based on the real-time bandwidth of each primary transmission network. This method ensures that data streams can be intelligently allocated according to the actual carrying capacity of the network. This allows the transmission load to be evenly distributed across the primary transmission networks, avoiding congestion and delays on some networks due to excessive load, while preventing other network resources from being idle, thus fully utilizing the multi-path transmission advantages of heterogeneous networks. This dynamic and adaptive data segmentation and allocation mechanism significantly improves the efficiency and stability of overall data transmission, especially in complex heterogeneous environments where network conditions change in real time, better ensuring the quality of data transmission and user experience.

[0014] As a preferred example, the step of dividing the data packet to be transmitted into multiple data sub-streams according to the network performance indicators of each primary transmission network to determine the target transmission data stream of each primary transmission network includes: Obtain the data size value of the data packet to be transmitted; When the data size is less than the data flow threshold, a primary transmission network is selected and the data packet to be transmitted is used as the target transmission data flow of the primary transmission network.

[0015] When the size of the data packet to be transmitted is less than a preset data flow threshold, the system no longer performs complex data segmentation operations, but directly selects a primary transmission network for transmission. This approach effectively avoids the additional processing overhead and transmission latency introduced by unnecessary segmentation and reassembly operations, thus significantly improving the transmission efficiency of small data packets. Within the overall framework of heterogeneous network multipath transmission, this solution maintains the advantages of multipath concurrent transmission of large data packets while optimizing the processing logic for specific scenarios, achieving intelligent resource allocation, and ensuring that data packets of different sizes can be transmitted in the optimal way, thereby improving the overall data transmission response speed and user experience.

[0016] As a preferred example, when allocating the target transmission data stream to the primary transmission network for data transmission, real-time monitoring of the real-time primary network performance indicators of each primary transmission network and the real-time backup network performance indicators of each backup transmission network includes: Obtain the data type of the data packet to be transmitted, and match the interference data of the data packet to be transmitted according to the data type; Obtain the number of substreams of the data substream, and divide the interference data into multiple interference data substreams according to the number of substreams; Randomly pair all the data substreams and all the interference data substreams to obtain multiple encrypted data substreams; The encrypted data sub-streams are allocated to each of the primary transmission networks according to the number of data sub-streams, so as to obtain the target transmission data stream for each of the primary transmission networks.

[0017] The above scheme obtains the data type of the data packet to be transmitted and matches it with interference data, ensuring that the interference data is related to the original data type, increasing the difficulty of obfuscation, and effectively preventing external identification of the original data content. Next, the number of sub-streams of the data sub-stream is obtained, and the interference data is divided into multiple interference data sub-streams based on this number, making the size of the interference data consistent with that of the data sub-streams, facilitating efficient subsequent mixing. All data sub-streams and interference data sub-streams are randomly paired to generate multiple encrypted data sub-streams. Data encryption is achieved through randomized pairing order, significantly improving data confidentiality and anti-interference capabilities. Finally, the encrypted data sub-streams are allocated to the primary transmission network according to the number of data sub-streams, ensuring that the encrypted data stream maintains allocation efficiency during transmission, while maintaining overall security and transmission reliability. This scheme, combined with the previously determined multi-path data transmission mechanism, not only achieves efficient and dynamic data transmission but also provides strong security guarantees during transmission, making data transmission in heterogeneous networks both fast and secure, effectively addressing the risks of data leakage and integrity compromise.

[0018] As a preferred example, the step of determining a plurality of networks to be switched from the primary transmission networks based on the real-time primary network performance indicators and determining a plurality of networks to be transmitted from the backup transmission networks based on the real-time backup network performance indicators includes: For any primary transmission network, if any performance index value in the primary transmission network is less than a preset index threshold, the primary transmission network is determined to be a network to be switched. The backup network priority of each backup transmission network is determined based on the real-time backup network performance indicators of each backup transmission network. The network to be transmitted is selected from a number of backup transmission networks according to the priority of the backup network.

[0019] The above scheme evaluates the performance of backup networks based on real-time data quantification and establishes a priority ranking mechanism, solving the problem of blind selection in backup networks and ensuring the reliability of candidate networks. Finally, based on the backup network priorities, a network to be transmitted is selected from several backup transmission networks. The optimal network is directly selected for switching using priority ranking, optimizing resource allocation, avoiding the selection of inefficient networks, and improving overall transmission efficiency. This achieves dynamic optimization and seamless switching of data transmission paths in heterogeneous network environments, significantly improving user experience and data transmission stability.

[0020] As a preferred example, when allocating the target transmission data stream to the primary transmission network for data transmission, real-time monitoring of the real-time primary network performance indicators of each primary transmission network and the real-time backup network performance indicators of each backup transmission network further includes: When the target transmission data stream is allocated to the primary transmission network for data transmission, the transmission speed of each primary transmission network is obtained in real time. The number of data sub-streams in each primary transmission network is adjusted according to the transmission speed to obtain the adjusted number of data sub-streams in each primary transmission network. The target transmission data stream of each primary transmission network is adjusted according to the adjusted number of data substreams, so as to transmit the adjusted target transmission data stream through the primary transmission network.

[0021] The above scheme dynamically adjusts the number of data sub-streams in each primary transmission network based on the real-time acquired transmission speed, thereby obtaining the adjusted number of data sub-streams. This mechanism ensures real-time matching between data load and network resources. For example, when the transmission speed of a primary transmission network increases, the system can increase the number of data sub-streams allocated to it to fully utilize its bandwidth advantage; conversely, when the transmission speed decreases, the number of data sub-streams is reduced to avoid network congestion and data transmission bottlenecks. Based on this, this application adjusts the target transmission data stream of each primary transmission network accordingly based on the adjusted number of data sub-streams, and finally transmits the adjusted target transmission data stream through the primary transmission network. Through this dynamic and adaptive adjustment, this application effectively solves the problem of untimely optimization of data allocation when network speed fluctuates, significantly improves data transmission efficiency and resource utilization, and ensures the stability and high performance of data transmission in heterogeneous network environments.

[0022] On the other hand, the present invention discloses a data transmission system for heterogeneous networks, including a network candidate module, a network partitioning module, a data segmentation module, a transmission monitoring module, a network switching module, and a data transmission switching module; The network candidate module is used to obtain the network performance index of each available network within a preset range, so as to determine the network priority of each available network based on the network performance index. The network partitioning module is used to obtain the data transmission information of the data packet to be transmitted, so as to divide the multiple available networks into several primary transmission networks and several backup transmission networks according to the data transmission information and the network priority. The data segmentation module is used to segment the data packet to be transmitted into multiple data sub-streams according to the network performance index of each primary transmission network, so as to determine the target transmission data stream of each primary transmission network. The transmission monitoring module is used to monitor the real-time primary network performance indicators of each primary transmission network and the real-time backup network performance indicators of each backup transmission network when the target transmission data stream is allocated to the primary transmission network for data transmission. The network switching module is used to determine a number of networks to be switched in the primary transmission network based on the real-time primary network performance indicators and to determine a number of networks to be transmitted in the backup transmission network based on the real-time backup network performance indicators. The data transmission switching module is used to acquire the untransmitted data stream of the network to be switched and allocate the untransmitted data stream to the network to be transmitted for data transmission.

[0023] This invention discloses a data transmission system for heterogeneous networks. By dynamically evaluating network performance, intelligently dividing transmission paths, segmenting data streams, real-time monitoring, and adaptive switching, it effectively solves the problem of inefficiency caused by the inability to switch to a backup network in a timely manner when the performance of the primary network deteriorates in heterogeneous network data transmission. This method achieves dynamic optimization of data transmission paths and concurrent multi-path transmission, and can adaptively adjust according to real-time network conditions, thereby avoiding stuttering and latency during data transmission and ensuring the continuity and overall efficiency of data transmission.

[0024] As a preferred example, the network candidate module includes an information acquisition unit and a level classification unit; The information acquisition unit is used to send a request frame to any network within a preset range to obtain network information of the network, and determine whether the network is an available network based on the network information; when all available networks within the preset range are obtained, multiple network performance indicators of each available network and the index measurement value of each network performance indicator are obtained. The grading unit is used to normalize the measured value of each indicator to obtain multiple performance indicator values ​​for each available network; and to perform a weighted summation of the multiple performance indicator values ​​for each available network according to a preset weight coefficient to obtain a network score for each available network, so as to determine the network priority of each available network based on the network score.

[0025] The above scheme obtains network information and determines availability by sending request frames to networks within a preset range, ensuring the effectiveness and real-time nature of the evaluation object and avoiding invalid evaluations of unavailable networks. It acquires measurement values ​​of multiple network performance indicators, achieving comprehensive quantitative collection of network performance and covering performance characteristics across different dimensions. Normalization of each indicator measurement value eliminates dimensional differences between different indicators, making performance values ​​comparable on a uniform scale. A network score is obtained by weighted summation of the normalized performance indicator values ​​according to preset weight coefficients, comprehensively considering the importance of different indicators and making priority determination more objective and customized. Finally, network priorities are determined based on the network score, providing a reliable basis for subsequent network partitioning. These steps work together to improve the accuracy and adaptability of priority settings, thus laying a solid foundation for subsequent data transmission path selection and dynamic adjustment, effectively improving the efficiency and stability of heterogeneous network data transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a data transmission method for heterogeneous networks provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a network classification process provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a process for confirming the transmission path of a data packet to be transmitted, provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the composition of an encrypted data stream provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a random pairing process provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the allocation process of encrypted data stream and sub-transmission path provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a data encryption process based on sensitive data provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a network handover process provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data transmission system for a heterogeneous network provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 To improve data transmission efficiency in heterogeneous networks, this embodiment discloses a data transmission method for heterogeneous networks, mainly including: Step 101: Obtain the network performance index of each available network within a preset range, and determine the network priority of each available network based on the network performance index.

[0030] Step 102: Obtain the data transmission information of the data packet to be transmitted, and divide the multiple available networks into several primary transmission networks and several backup transmission networks according to the data transmission information and the network priority.

[0031] Step 103: Divide the data packet to be transmitted into multiple data sub-streams according to the network performance index of each primary transmission network to determine the target transmission data stream of each primary transmission network.

[0032] Step 104: When allocating the target transmission data stream to the primary transmission network for data transmission, monitor the real-time primary network performance indicators of each primary transmission network and the real-time backup network performance indicators of each backup transmission network in real time.

[0033] Step 105: Determine several networks to be switched from the primary transmission network based on the real-time primary network performance indicators, and determine several networks to be transmitted from the backup transmission network based on the real-time backup network performance indicators.

[0034] Step 106: Obtain the untransmitted data stream of the network to be switched, and allocate the untransmitted data stream to the network to be switched for data transmission.

[0035] In this embodiment, step 101 includes: Step 1011: For any network within a preset range, send a request frame to the network to obtain the network information of the network, and determine whether the network is an available network based on the network information; Step 1012: When all available networks within the preset range are obtained, multiple network performance indicators for each available network and the measured value of each network performance indicator are obtained. Step 1013: Normalize the measured value of each of the above indicators to obtain multiple performance indicator values ​​for each of the available networks; Step 1014: The multiple performance index values ​​of each available network are weighted and summed according to the preset weight coefficients to obtain the network score of each available network, so as to determine the network priority of each available network based on the network score.

[0036] In this embodiment, when a data packet to be transmitted needs to be transmitted, the network environment of the data packet is first sensed, that is, all available network access points around the area where the data packet is located are detected, and then all available networks are identified through the network access points. The types of available networks include, but are not limited to, Wi-Fi SSID (Wireless Network Service Set Identifier), 5G base station signal networks, cellular data networks, local area networks, and wired broadband networks. Next, network performance indicators of each available network are obtained. These indicators include signal strength, real-time bandwidth, network latency and jitter, packet loss rate, network congestion level, and usage cost. Based on these performance indicators, the available networks are prioritized from high to low. Specifically, for any available network, it can be classified as a primary transmission path, a secondary transmission path, or a disabled path.

[0037] Specifically, the network or server temporarily storing the data packets to be transmitted actively scans, sending ProbeRequest frames and passively listening to Beacon frames to obtain AP (Access Point) information, sending TCP SYN (Transmission Control Protocol Synchronization Sequence Number) packets to verify connectivity, and using a pre-stored password to complete Wi-Fi authentication, confirming the availability of APs such as "Wi-Fi_Office" and "5G_ChinaMobile". Next, network performance metrics for each available network are obtained, including signal strength, real-time bandwidth, network latency and jitter, packet loss rate, network congestion level, and usage cost (for example, cellular data network usage incurs data charges; if the data packets are too large, the data charges will be too high, thus indicating a low performance). Specifically, the process of prioritizing the available networks is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, based on the network performance indicators of each available network, the available networks are divided into primary transmission networks, secondary transmission networks, and disabled networks according to priority from high to low. Each of the primary, secondary, and disabled networks includes multiple sub-transmission paths, such as sub-transmission path 1, sub-transmission path 2, and so on, up to sub-transmission path n. Each sub-transmission path represents an available network; from... Figure 2It can be seen that when a network with low critical performance indicators is classified as a disabled network, sub-transmission paths in the primary and secondary transmission networks that do not conform to the predefined policy will also be removed and classified as disabled networks.

[0038] Specifically, when classifying any available network, the available network can be scored according to a scoring and quantitative classification standard. Specifically, when the comprehensive score of the various indicators of the available network is 85-100 points, the available network is classified as a first-level transmission network, the comprehensive score is 60-84 points, the network is classified as a second-level transmission network, and the network is classified as a disabled network if the comprehensive score is below 60 points.

[0039] In this embodiment, the overall score of each available network is obtained by normalizing and weighting the scores of each network performance indicator. The normalization process specifically involves converting the original measured values ​​of each network performance indicator (e.g., bandwidth 80Mbps, latency 20ms) into dimensionless scores (e.g., 0-100 points). For benefit-related indicators (e.g., bandwidth, signal strength), higher values ​​result in higher scores; for cost-related indicators (e.g., latency, packet loss rate, cost), lower values ​​result in higher scores. This is typically achieved through a preset scoring function or a lookup table method.

[0040] Next, based on the transmission scenario or default settings of the data packets to be transmitted, an initial weight is assigned to each network performance indicator, with the sum of all weights being 1. The formula for calculating the comprehensive score is: Comprehensive Score = Σ (Normalized score of each indicator × Weight of each indicator). The rules for normalizing the measured values ​​of each network performance indicator to obtain a specific score are as follows: 1 point is awarded for every 10Mbps of bandwidth (out of 100); 100 points are awarded for latency less than 10ms, and 10 points are deducted for every 10ms increase; 100 points are awarded for packet loss rate less than 0.1%, and 5 points are deducted for every 0.1% increase. The initial weight vector can be set as follows: bandwidth weight 0.3, latency weight 0.3, jitter weight 0.1, packet loss rate weight 0.2, and signal strength weight 0.1. In one embodiment, when the available network Wi-Fi_Office has a bandwidth of 80Mbps, it receives 80 points; a latency of 20ms receives 80 points; and a packet loss rate of 0.5% receives 75 points. These scores are then substituted into the formula to calculate the initial comprehensive score.

[0041] The above steps, by sending request frames to networks within a preset range to obtain network information and determine availability, ensure the effectiveness and real-time nature of the evaluation object, avoiding invalid evaluations of unavailable networks. Obtaining measurement values ​​of multiple network performance indicators enables comprehensive quantitative collection of network performance, covering performance characteristics across different dimensions. Normalizing each indicator measurement value eliminates dimensional differences between different indicators, making performance values ​​comparable on a uniform scale. A network score is obtained by weighted summation of the normalized performance indicator values ​​according to preset weight coefficients, comprehensively considering the importance of different indicators and making priority determination more objective and customized. Finally, network priorities are determined based on the network scores, providing a reliable basis for subsequent network partitioning. These steps work synergistically to improve the accuracy and adaptability of priority settings, thus laying a solid foundation for subsequent data transmission path selection and dynamic adjustment, effectively improving the efficiency and stability of heterogeneous network data transmission.

[0042] In this embodiment, step 102 includes: Step 1021: Select multiple candidate networks from all available networks according to the network priority and the preset priority threshold; Step 1022: Obtain the data transmission information of the data packet to be transmitted, and obtain the network performance requirements information and user preference settings information of the data packet to be transmitted from the data transmission information; Step 1023: Based on the network performance requirements information and the user preference settings information, filter the multiple candidate networks to obtain multiple transmission networks; Step 1024: Select one or more networks from the plurality of transmission networks as the primary transmission network and select at least one of the networks as a backup transmission network.

[0043] This embodiment matches the optimal transmission network or network combination for the data packet to be transmitted according to a predefined strategy. The predefined strategy includes hard requirements for data transmission, user preference settings, and data packet size.

[0044] Specifically, after dividing each available network, networks from the primary and secondary transmission networks are selected as candidate networks for further screening in subsequent steps. For example, in a certain application scenario, the sending device that sends the data packet to be transmitted detects the following available networks and calculates their respective comprehensive scores: Wi-Fi_Office (enterprise-level Wi-Fi): comprehensive score 92 points, belonging to the primary transmission path, marked as a free network; 5G_ChinaMobile (5G cellular network): comprehensive score 88 points, belonging to the primary transmission path, marked as a billed network; Wi-Fi_Home (home Wi-Fi): comprehensive score 75 points, belonging to the secondary transmission path, marked as a free network; LTE_Unicom (4G cellular network): comprehensive score 65 points, belonging to the secondary transmission path, marked as a billed network; Public Wi-Fi_Starbucks: comprehensive score 45 points, belonging to the disabled path. Thus, the sending device screens a total of four candidate networks: Wi-Fi_Office, 5G_ChinaMobile, Wi-Fi_Home, and LTE_Unicom.

[0045] Next, the sending device acquires the data packet to be transmitted and identifies the data transmission information of the data packet. Preferably, taking video conferencing data to be transmitted as an example, after parsing, the video conferencing data... The network performance requirements, specifically the hard requirements for data packet transmission, are low latency and low jitter. In this embodiment, the hard requirement of low latency is specified as a threshold constraint for network performance indicators: network latency must be less than 50 milliseconds. Simultaneously, the user preference settings information for the video conferencing data is identified, specifically the user's pre-set network selection preference to prioritize the use of free networks to save data charges. This preference information is pre-stored in the sending device's configuration file for use in this step.

[0046] In summary, the transmitting device filters the candidate networks identified in the previous steps layer by layer based on the network performance requirements and user preference settings obtained above. First, the transmitting device uses a latency of <50ms from the network performance requirements as a hard constraint to perform the first round of filtering of candidate networks. The transmitting device obtains the real-time latency metrics for each candidate network. Specifically, Wi-Fi_Office has a real-time latency of 20ms (meets the requirement); 5G_ChinaMobile has a real-time latency of 15ms (meets the requirement); Wi-Fi_Home has a real-time latency of 45ms (meets the requirement); and LTE_Unicom has a real-time latency of 60ms (does not meet the requirement).

[0047] Based on the screening results, LTE_Unicom was marked as not meeting the hard requirements due to a latency exceeding 50ms and was removed from the candidate network list, adding it to the disabled path set. The remaining three networks (Wi-Fi_Office, 5G_ChinaMobile, and Wi-Fi_Home) passed the first layer of screening and entered the next round. Next, the transmitting device performed a second screening or sorting of the networks that passed the first layer based on the user's preference settings for prioritizing free networks. The transmitting device also queried the billing attributes of each network, such as Wi-Fi_Office being a free network, 5G_ChinaMobile being a billed network, and Wi-Fi_Home being a free network.

[0048] In this embodiment, the user preference for prioritizing the use of free networks is implemented by prioritizing free networks over billed networks, provided that the hard requirements are met. Specifically, the sending device assigns a priority selection identifier to the free network, making it the preferred choice in subsequent primary / backup allocation.

[0049] After two rounds of screening, the final set of networks for transmission was obtained, including: Wi-Fi_Office (free network, 20ms latency), Wi-Fi_Home (free network, 45ms latency), and 5G_ChinaMobile (billed network, 15ms latency).

[0050] After obtaining the set of transmission networks, one or more networks are selected from the plurality of transmission networks as the primary transmission network and at least one of the networks is selected as the backup transmission network.

[0051] The above steps, combining the actual network performance requirements of data packets with users' subjective preferences, further refine the selection of candidate networks to obtain transmission networks that better meet actual transmission needs. Based on this, a primary and backup transmission network are then clearly distinguished and selected from these networks. This detailed and personalized network partitioning mechanism makes the selection of data transmission paths more precise, effectively avoiding the selection of networks that do not meet the specific performance requirements of data packets or do not conform to user preferences as the primary path, thereby significantly improving data transmission efficiency, reliability, and user experience. For example, for latency-sensitive real-time communication data packets, the system will prioritize low-latency networks; for cases where users explicitly prefer to use Wi-Fi for large file downloads, the system will prioritize Wi-Fi networks. This not only optimizes resource allocation but also enhances the system's adaptability and robustness in heterogeneous network environments.

[0052] In this embodiment, step 103 includes: Step 1031: Divide the data packet to be transmitted into multiple data sub-streams according to the preset data stream threshold; Step 1032: Obtain the real-time bandwidth of each primary transmission network, and determine the transmission weight of each primary transmission network based on the real-time bandwidth, so as to determine the number of data sub-streams of each primary transmission network based on the transmission weight. Step 1033: Allocate the multiple data sub-streams to each of the primary transmission networks according to the number of data sub-streams, so as to obtain the target transmission data stream of each of the primary transmission networks.

[0053] Step 1034: Obtain the data size value of the data packet to be transmitted; when the data size value is less than the data flow threshold, select a primary transmission network and use the data packet to be transmitted as the target transmission data flow of the primary transmission network.

[0054] In this embodiment, a data flow threshold K=5MB is preset to determine whether the data packet to be transmitted should use single-path or multi-path transmission. When the data packet size is less than 5MB, single-path transmission mode is used; when the data packet size is greater than or equal to 5MB, multi-path transmission mode is used, requiring the data packet to be segmented and transmitted in parallel through multiple primary transmission networks. For example, the data packet to be transmitted is video conferencing data, with a data size of 2MB, which is less than the preset threshold K=5MB, so it is determined to be in single-path transmission mode; however, when the data packet to be transmitted is 10GB of design drawings, with a data size of 10GB, it is greater than the preset threshold K=5MB, so it is determined to be in multi-path transmission mode, requiring segmentation for multi-path processing.

[0055] When determining whether to transmit a data packet under a single-path transmission mode, the optimal network from the allocated primary transmission networks is selected as the transmission path for the data packet, and the entire data packet is used as the target transmission data stream for that primary transmission network. In this embodiment, the hard requirement for video conferencing data is low latency (latency < 50ms), and users prefer to use free networks. Based on the above primary / backup allocation results, the primary transmission network is Wi-Fi_Office (free network, latency 20ms, overall score 92), and the backup transmission networks are Wi-Fi_Home (free network, latency 45ms, overall score 75) and 5G_ChinaMobile (billed network, latency 15ms, overall score 88).

[0056] Specifically, such as Figure 3When data packets are sent from the data transmission device to the target device to confirm the transmission network, the data packets are classified into single-path transmission data packets and multi-path transmission data packets. For single-path transmission data packets in single-path transmission mode, the sending device needs to select an optimal sub-path from the primary transmission network. In this embodiment, a scenario-based comprehensive scoring method is used to select the optimal path. Based on the data packet type being real-time audio / video, a preset weight vector is invoked: latency (0.4), jitter (0.2), bandwidth (0.2), packet loss rate (0.1), and signal strength (0.1). This weight vector is used to re-evaluate the candidate paths: for example, Wi-Fi_Office has a latency score of 100, resulting in a weighted comprehensive score of 90; 5G_ChinaMobile has a latency score of 100, but the user prefers a billed network, resulting in a comprehensive score of 88; Wi-Fi_Home has a latency score of 55 (converted from 45ms / 50ms), resulting in a comprehensive score of 75. Based on the scoring results, Wi-Fi_Office has the highest score and is determined as the optimal transmission path. The sending device prepares to transmit the entire video conference data as the target data stream for Wi-Fi_Office.

[0057] When the data packet size is greater than or equal to the data flow threshold, the sending device initiates a multipath transmission mode to transmit the multipath data packet. First, the data packet to be transmitted is divided into multiple data sub-streams according to the preset data flow threshold. In this embodiment, the 10GB design drawing data packet size is 10GB. The sending device sets the size of each data sub-stream to 1GB, thus uniformly dividing the entire data packet into 10 data sub-streams, labeled as sub-stream 1, sub-stream 2, sub-stream 3, ..., sub-stream 10. Simultaneously, a sequence identifier is added to each data sub-stream so that the target device can correctly reassemble the data sub-streams from different paths back into the original 10GB design drawing based on these identifiers. Next, the number of data sub-streams for each primary transmission network is calculated based on the transmission weight of the real-time bandwidth. Specifically, the sending device obtains the real-time bandwidth indicators of all current primary transmission networks. In this embodiment, the current real-time bandwidth of Wi-Fi_Office (primary transmission network) is 100Mbps; the current real-time bandwidth of 5G_ChinaMobile (primary transmission network) is 50Mbps; and the current real-time bandwidth of Wi-Fi_Home (secondary transmission network) is 30Mbps. In summary, the transmitting device determines its transmission weight based on the real-time bandwidth of each primary transmission network. In this embodiment, the bandwidth ratio is used as the basis for weight calculation: the total bandwidth is 100 + 50 + 30 = 180 Mbps, so the transmission weights of each network are as follows: Wi-Fi_Office: 100 / 180 ≈ 0.556; 5G_ChinaMobile: 50 / 180 ≈ 0.278; Wi-Fi_Home: 30 / 180 ≈ 0.166.

[0058] Based on the transmission weight and the total number of data sub-streams (10), the number of data sub-streams allocated to each primary transmission network is determined as follows: Wi-Fi_Office: 10 × 0.556 ≈ 5.56, rounded down to 6 data sub-streams; 5G_ChinaMobile: 10 × 0.278 ≈ 2.78, rounded down to 3 data sub-streams; Wi-Fi_Home: 10 × 0.166 ≈ 1.66, rounded down to 1 data sub-stream. A total of 6 + 3 + 1 = 10 data sub-streams are allocated.

[0059] The transmitting device allocates 10 data sub-streams to each primary transmission network based on the determined number of data sub-streams for each primary transmission network, thus obtaining the target transmission data stream for each primary transmission network. In this embodiment, the allocation results are as follows: The target transmission data stream for Wi-Fi_Office includes sub-streams 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, totaling 6 data sub-streams; the target transmission data stream for 5G_ChinaMobile includes sub-streams 7, 8, and 9, totaling 3 data sub-streams; and the target transmission data stream for Wi-Fi_Home includes sub-stream 10, totaling 1 data sub-stream. After allocation, the transmitting device delivers each target transmission data stream to its corresponding primary transmission network, preparing for parallel data transmission.

[0060] The above steps dynamically segment the data packets to be transmitted into multiple data sub-streams and dynamically calculate their transmission weights and the number of data sub-streams to be allocated based on the real-time bandwidth of each primary transmission network. This method ensures that data streams can be intelligently allocated according to the actual carrying capacity of the network. This allows the transmission load to be evenly distributed across the primary transmission networks, avoiding stuttering and delays on some networks due to excessive load, while preventing other network resources from being idle, thus fully utilizing the multi-path transmission advantages of heterogeneous networks. This dynamic and adaptive data segmentation and allocation mechanism significantly improves the efficiency and stability of overall data transmission, especially in complex heterogeneous environments where network conditions change in real time, better ensuring the quality of data transmission and user experience. When the size of the data packet to be transmitted is less than the preset data stream threshold, the system no longer performs complex data segmentation operations, but directly selects a primary transmission network for transmission. This processing method effectively avoids the additional processing overhead and transmission delays introduced by unnecessary segmentation and reassembly operations, thus significantly improving the transmission efficiency of small data packets. Within the overall framework of heterogeneous network multipath transmission, this solution maintains the advantages of multipath concurrent transmission of large data packets while optimizing the processing logic for specific scenarios, realizing intelligent resource allocation, and ensuring that data packets of different sizes can be transmitted in the optimal way, thereby improving the overall data transmission response speed and user experience.

[0061] In this embodiment, step 104 includes: Step 1041: Obtain the data type of the data packet to be transmitted, so as to match the interference data of the data packet to be transmitted according to the data type; Step 1042: Obtain the number of sub-streams of the data sub-stream, so as to divide the interference data into multiple interference data sub-streams according to the number of sub-streams; Step 1043: Randomize and pair all the data sub-streams and all the interference data sub-streams to obtain multiple encrypted data sub-streams; Step 1044: Assign the multiple encrypted data sub-streams to each of the primary transmission networks according to the number of data sub-streams, so as to obtain the target transmission data stream of each of the primary transmission networks.

[0062] In this embodiment, an encrypted database is pre-established to store various types of auxiliary interference data. This encrypted database contains multiple data types, and each piece of data is categorized and stored according to its type for subsequent matching and selection based on the type of the data packet to be transmitted.

[0063] The transmitting device acquires the data packet to be transmitted and identifies its data type. This embodiment uses video conferencing data to be transmitted as an example; specifically, the data packet is identified as video data. Based on the identified data type, the transmitting device randomly selects auxiliary interference data from the encrypted database that matches the type of the data packet to be transmitted. In this embodiment, a blank video data packet with the same duration and format as the video conferencing data is selected as the auxiliary interference data. The size of this blank video data packet is the same as the size of the data packet to be transmitted, both being 2MB.

[0064] In a multi-path transmission scenario, taking a 10GB design drawing as an example, its data type is graphic data. The sending device randomly selects auxiliary interference data with the same data type as the graphic data from the encrypted database, such as a blank drawing data of the same size or random graphic data, also 10GB in size.

[0065] The sending device obtains the number of data sub-streams obtained from the data packet segmentation of the data packet to be transmitted. In this embodiment, for a single-path transmission scenario, the size of the data packet to be transmitted is 2MB. According to the preset data stream threshold K=5MB, the data packet adopts a single-path transmission mode and is not segmented, so the number of data sub-streams is 1. However, for the complete explanation of the encryption process, this embodiment assumes that the 2MB data packet is considered as one data sub-stream for encryption processing. More generally, if the data packet itself has been segmented into multiple sub-streams, the number of the segmented sub-streams is used directly.

[0066] For a multipath transmission scenario (10GB design drawings), the data packet is divided into 10 data substreams, each 1GB in size, for a total of 10 data substreams. The transmitting device, based on the number of data substreams, divides the selected auxiliary interference data into multiple interference data substreams, the same number as the number of data substreams. Specifically, in a single-path transmission scenario, 2MB of blank video data is divided into one interference data substream (2MB in size), denoted as interference substream 1; in a multipath transmission scenario, the 10GB blank drawing data is divided into 10 interference data substreams, each 1GB in size, and sequentially numbered as interference substream 1, interference substream 2, ..., interference substream 10.

[0067] Simultaneously, the transmitting device also sequentially numbers the data packets to be transmitted (or their segmented data sub-streams), denoted as true sub-stream 1, true sub-stream 2, ..., true sub-stream n. In this embodiment: single-path transmission scenario: true sub-stream 1 (i.e., the original 2MB video conferencing data); multi-path transmission scenario: true sub-stream 1 to true sub-stream 10 (i.e., 10 1GB design drawing data sub-streams).

[0068] In this embodiment, the transmitting device is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, all true sub-streams and all interfering data sub-streams are out-of-order paired to generate multiple encrypted data streams. The specific process of out-of-order pairing is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the order of the interference data substream is first randomly shuffled to generate a random pairing sequence. Then, the real substream is paired one-to-one with the shuffled interference substream to form the encrypted data substream.

[0069] In a single-path transmission scenario, the true sub-stream is true sub-stream 1, and the interfering sub-stream is interfering sub-stream 1. The pairing result is encrypted data sub-stream 1 = true sub-stream 1 + interfering sub-stream 1. In a multi-path transmission scenario, the sequence of true sub-streams is true sub-stream 1, true sub-stream 2, true sub-stream 3, ..., true sub-stream 10; the original sequence of interfering sub-streams is interfering sub-stream 1, interfering sub-stream 2, interfering sub-stream 3, ..., interfering sub-stream 10. Randomly shuffling the interfering sub-stream sequence yields a new order, for example: [3, 7, 1, 9, 2, 5, 10, 4, 6, 8]. The disordered pairing result is: Encrypted data substream 1 = true substream 1 + interference substream 3; Encrypted data substream 2 = true substream 2 + interference substream 7; Encrypted data substream 3 = true substream 3 + interference substream 1; Encrypted data substream 4 = true substream 4 + interference substream 9; Encrypted data substream 5 = true substream 5 + interference substream 2; Encrypted data substream 6 = true substream 6 + interference substream 5; Encrypted data substream 7 = true substream 7 + interference substream 10; Encrypted data substream 8 = true substream 8 + interference substream 4; Encrypted data substream 9 = true substream 9 + interference substream 6; Encrypted data substream 10 = true substream 10 + interference substream 8.

[0070] In each encrypted data substream, the sending device adds an index header to record the numbers of the true substream and the interfering substream contained within that encrypted data substream. For example, the index header for encrypted data substream 1 is "True Substream 1 - Interfering Substream 3", the index header for encrypted data substream 2 is "True Substream 2 - Interfering Substream 7", and so on. This index header will be used on the target device side to correctly separate the true substream and the interfering substream during decryption and to restore the original data.

[0071] After the sending device generates an encrypted data stream, the process of allocating the encrypted data stream over the network is as follows: Figure 6As shown, according to the data sub-stream allocation scheme of each primary transmission network, multiple generated encrypted data sub-streams, such as encrypted data stream n-2, encrypted data stream n-1, encrypted data stream n, etc., are allocated to each primary transmission network to obtain the target transmission data stream for each primary transmission network. Specifically, in single-path transmission mode, the primary transmission network is Wi-Fi_Office, and there is only one primary transmission network. Therefore, the generated encrypted data sub-stream 1 (i.e., the only encrypted data sub-stream) is allocated to Wi-Fi_Office as its target transmission data stream; in multi-path transmission scenario, the primary transmission networks include: Wi-Fi_Office with 6 data sub-streams, 5G_ChinaMobile with 3 data sub-streams, and Wi-Fi_Home with 1 data sub-stream. The transmitting device then distributes the generated 10 encrypted data substreams (encrypted data substreams 1 to 10) to each primary transmission network according to the aforementioned quantities, resulting in the target transmission data stream for each primary transmission network: Wi-Fi_Office target transmission data stream: containing encrypted data substreams 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, totaling 6 encrypted data substreams; 5G_ChinaMobile target transmission data stream: containing encrypted data substreams 7, 8, and 9, totaling 3 encrypted data substreams; Wi-Fi_Home target transmission data stream: containing encrypted data substream 10, totaling 1 encrypted data substream. In summary, each primary transmission network obtains its own set of encrypted data substreams to be transmitted, i.e., the target transmission data stream, and prepares for subsequent data transmission.

[0072] In the preferred embodiment of this example, such as Figure 7 As shown, during data encryption, a new step is added: analyzing whether the data is sensitive, and performing a secondary encryption step for sensitive data. Specifically, as follows... Figure 8As shown, the encryption preprocessing also includes data analysis of the data to be transmitted. The encryption database also stores sensitive data samples. During data analysis, if more than 35%-50% of the content is similar to or the same as the sensitive data samples, the data to be transmitted is determined to be sensitive data. For the transmission of sensitive data, a secondary encryption step is added. Specifically, a USB flash drive for secondary encryption is inserted into the data transmission device. The hidden ciphertext encryption program in the USB flash drive further splits the true sub-streams in encrypted data stream 1, encrypted data stream 2, encrypted data stream 3... encrypted data stream n into data fragments, and there are no fewer than 3 data fragments. Then, a data fragment is randomly selected and paired with data in the data replacement library to form a new data fragment, thereby replacing the corresponding data fragment, thus forming pseudo-encrypted data stream 1, pseudo-encrypted data stream 2, pseudo-encrypted data stream 3... pseudo-encrypted data stream n. After the target device receives the transmitted encrypted data, the USB flash drive is inserted again. The hidden ciphertext decoding program in the USB flash drive removes the data belonging to the data replacement library. Then, the target device automatically decrypts and reassembles the data to restore the original data transmission packet. Specifically, the transmitting device can be connected to a USB flash drive for secondary encryption. The USB flash drive contains a hidden ciphertext decoding program, a hidden ciphertext encryption program, and a data replacement library. The data replacement library also stores text data, image data, graphic data, symbol data, and video data. The actual data in the data replacement library does not overlap with the actual data in the encrypted database. In use, the USB flash drive is inserted into the data transmission device to encrypt a portion of the data. After the target device receives the transmitted data, another USB flash drive, which also contains a hidden ciphertext decoding program and a hidden ciphertext encryption program, is inserted into the target device to decrypt the data. By using a USB flash drive with secondary encryption, when transmitting sensitive data, fragments of data can be extracted and grouped with similar data from a data replacement library before transmission. This group replaces the original data fragments and is then incorporated into the corresponding sub-stream. On one hand, this allows for the artificial modification and transmission of private data, making the data stream less susceptible to leakage due to network attacks or malicious interception by hackers. Furthermore, even if the data stream is intercepted, leakage is unlikely. On the other hand, after the data is transmitted to the target device, the data packet undergoes initial automatic reassembly and recovery. However, the automatically reassembled and recovered data packet contains some content from the data replacement library, resulting in a significant difference between the data packet and the original. Only after the user manually decrypts the data using the USB flash drive will this replacement content be removed, allowing the data packet to be fully restored. Therefore, after the data packet containing sensitive data is transmitted, only those with the USB flash drive can access it. Even if malicious individuals obtain the data packet from the target device, they cannot obtain the correct sensitive data. Compared to methods that only encrypt data by interfering with it, this method establishes a more secure transmission method for sensitive data, ensuring data security.

[0073] It should be noted that after receiving all encrypted data substreams, the target device will perform the reverse process to restore the original data. Specifically, the target device identifies the true substream number and interference substream number contained in the index header of each encrypted data substream, thereby separating the true substream from the interference substream and discarding the separated interference substream. Based on the order of the true substream numbers, all true substreams are sorted and then concatenated to restore the original data packet to be transmitted.

[0074] For example, in a multi-path transmission scenario, after the target device receives 10 encrypted data sub-streams from each path, it can separate the true sub-streams 1 to 10 according to the index header, and then concatenate them in the order of their numbers to restore the original 10GB design drawing.

[0075] The above steps, by obtaining the data type of the data packet to be transmitted and matching it with interference data, ensure that the interference data is related to the original data type, increasing the difficulty of obfuscation and effectively preventing external identification of the original data content. Next, the number of substreams of the data substream is obtained, and the interference data is divided into multiple interference data substreams based on this number, ensuring that the size of the interference data and the data substreams is consistent, facilitating efficient subsequent mixing. All data substreams and interference data substreams are randomly paired to generate multiple encrypted data substreams. Data encryption is achieved through randomized pairing order, significantly improving data confidentiality and anti-interference capabilities. Finally, the encrypted data substreams are allocated to the primary transmission network according to the number of data substreams, ensuring that the encrypted data stream maintains allocation efficiency during transmission, while simultaneously maintaining overall security and transmission reliability. This scheme, combined with the previously determined multi-path data transmission mechanism, not only achieves efficient and dynamic data transmission but also provides robust security guarantees during transmission, making data transmission in heterogeneous networks both fast and secure, effectively addressing the risks of data leakage and integrity compromise.

[0076] In this embodiment, step 105 includes: Step 1051: For any one of the primary transmission networks, when any performance index value in the primary transmission network is less than a preset index threshold, the primary transmission network is determined to be a network to be switched. Step 1052: Determine the backup network priority of each backup transmission network based on the real-time backup network performance index of each backup transmission network. Step 1053: Select a network to be transmitted from a plurality of backup transmission networks according to the priority of the backup network; Step 1054: When allocating the target transmission data stream to the primary transmission network for data transmission, the transmission speed of each primary transmission network is obtained in real time. Step 1055: Adjust the number of data sub-streams in each of the primary transmission networks according to the transmission speed to obtain the adjusted number of data sub-streams in each of the primary transmission networks; Step 1056: Adjust the target transmission data stream of each of the primary transmission networks according to the adjusted number of data sub-streams, so as to transmit the adjusted target transmission data stream through the primary transmission network.

[0077] In this embodiment, when the sending device transmits multipath transmission data packets, such as Figure 8 The diagram illustrates network switching and data sub-stream reallocation. Specifically, a monitoring period of T=500ms is set, meaning that every 500ms, the network performance metrics of each used sub-transmission path in the primary transmission network and each unused sub-transmission path in the backup transmission network are sampled and evaluated. Figure 8 It is known that the used sub-transmission paths include sub-transmission path 2, sub-transmission path 1a, and sub-transmission path na, etc. Unused sub-transmission paths include sub-transmission path 1, sub-transmission path n, and sub-transmission path 2a, etc. Simultaneously, a corresponding switching threshold is preset for each network performance indicator. In this embodiment, the focus is on the bandwidth indicator, and the bandwidth switching threshold is set to 10Mbps. That is, when the real-time bandwidth of any primary transmission network is lower than 10Mbps, the network performance is determined to be severely degraded, triggering the path switching mechanism. In this embodiment, within a certain monitoring period, the transmitting device detects that the real-time bandwidth of Wi-Fi_Office drops sharply from 100Mbps to 8Mbps, which is lower than the preset switching threshold of 10Mbps. At this time, the transmitting device determines Wi-Fi_Office as a network to be switched, meaning that its data sub-streams that have not yet completed transmission need to be switched to other networks to continue transmission.

[0078] At this point, Wi-Fi_Office has already completed the transmission of some data substreams. Assume that at the moment the handover is triggered, of the six data substreams originally handled by Wi-Fi_Office, four (substreams 1-4) have been transmitted, and the remaining two (substreams 5 and 6) have not yet been transmitted. These two data substreams represent the remaining data streams in the network to be switched that have not yet been transmitted.

[0079] During the same monitoring cycle, the transmitting device simultaneously acquires real-time performance metrics from all backup transmission networks and dynamically prioritizes these networks based on these metrics. For example... Figure 8As shown, after obtaining all unused sub-transmission paths, a secondary dynamic sorting process is used to obtain the sub-transmission paths corresponding to each backup path for backup switching. Examples include sub-transmission path 1 corresponding to the first backup path, sub-transmission path 2a corresponding to the second backup path, and sub-transmission path n corresponding to the nth backup path. Specifically, the transmitting device calculates the current comprehensive score of each backup transmission network based on real-time backup network performance indicators, using the same comprehensive scoring method as described above, and sorts them from highest to lowest score to generate a real-time updated backup network priority list: for example, the first backup path is Wi-Fi_Home (comprehensive score 75 points), while the second backup path is LTE_Unicom (comprehensive score 65 points). This priority list is not fixed but dynamically updated according to real-time performance indicators in each monitoring cycle to ensure that the backup networks at the top are always in optimal condition.

[0080] The transmitting device selects the network with the highest current priority from the generated backup network priority list as the network to be transmitted (i.e., the target network for switching) in the backup transmission network. In this embodiment, the backup network with the highest current priority is Wi-Fi_Home. Therefore, the transmitting device selects Wi-Fi_Home as the network to be transmitted to receive the remaining data sub-streams (sub-streams 5 and 6) transferred from the network to be switched, Wi-Fi_Office.

[0081] The transmitting device seamlessly allocates the remaining data streams (substreams 5 and 6) that have not yet been transmitted in the network Wi-Fi_Office to be switched to the network Wi-Fi_Home to continue data transmission.

[0082] Specifically, the transmitting device removes substreams 5 and 6 from the Wi-Fi_Office transmission queue and adds them to the Wi-Fi_Home transmission queue. Substream 10, originally handled by Wi-Fi_Home, is still in transmission; with the addition of substreams 5 and 6, the number of data substreams awaiting transmission now exceeds three (substream 10, substream 5, and substream 6). The entire switching process is completed within a 500ms monitoring period, completely transparent to the user, and goes unnoticed.

[0083] In addition to the path switching mechanism described above, the transmitting device continuously monitors the real-time transmission speed of each primary transmission network during transmission to perform dynamic load balancing. In this embodiment, at a certain monitoring moment (assuming after path switching is completed), the transmitting device detects the current transmission speed of each primary transmission network as follows: 5G_ChinaMobile's current transmission speed is 8MB / s, and Wi-Fi_Home's current transmission speed is 4MB / s (carrying sub-streams 10, 5, and 6). At this time, the number of data sub-streams to be transmitted for each network is: 5G_ChinaMobile has 3 remaining sub-streams to be transmitted (sub-streams 7, 8, and 9), and Wi-Fi_Home has 3 remaining sub-streams to be transmitted (sub-streams 10, 5, and 6). Significant differences in estimated completion times based on current transmission speeds lead to a decrease in overall transmission efficiency.

[0084] To address the aforementioned load imbalance issue, the transmitting device dynamically adjusts the number of data sub-streams in each primary transmission network based on the real-time monitored transmission speed. In this embodiment, the transmitting device aims to make the completion times of each primary transmission network more consistent. Based on the current transmission speed ratio (8MB / s : 4MB / s = 2 : 1), the ideal data sub-stream allocation ratio should also be 2 : 1. Currently, there are a total of 6 sub-streams to be transmitted, so the ideal allocation is: 5G_ChinaMobile: should handle 4 sub-streams; Wi-Fi_Home: should handle 2 sub-streams. The current actual allocation is 3 for each, therefore, one sub-stream from Wi-Fi_Home needs to be moved to 5G_ChinaMobile. The transmitting device selects the sub-stream from Wi-Fi_Home that has not yet started transmission or has the slowest progress (e.g., sub-stream 5) and reassigns it to 5G_ChinaMobile. After the adjustment, the number of data sub-streams for each primary transmission network is as follows: 5G_ChinaMobile: 3 + 1 = 4 data sub-streams; Wi-Fi_Home: 3 - 1 = 2 data sub-streams.

[0085] Based on the adjusted number of data sub-streams, the transmitting device readjusts the target transmission data stream for each primary transmission network. Therefore, the adjusted target transmission data stream for 5G_ChinaMobile includes sub-streams 7, 8, and 9, plus sub-stream 5 transferred from Wi-Fi_Home, totaling four data sub-streams. The adjusted target transmission data stream for Wi-Fi_Home includes sub-streams 10 and 6, totaling two data sub-streams. After the adjustment, the transmitting device continues data transmission according to the new allocation scheme. Throughout the transmission process, the transmitting device checks every monitoring cycle (every 500ms) whether any performance indicators of the primary transmission network are below the threshold, triggering path switching; updates the priority list of backup transmission networks; and checks the transmission speed of each primary transmission network, triggering load balancing adjustments.

[0086] The above steps, based on real-time data quantification to evaluate the performance of backup networks, establish a priority ranking mechanism, solving the problem of blind selection in backup networks and ensuring the reliability of candidate networks. Finally, based on the backup network priorities, a network to be transmitted is selected from several backup transmission networks. The optimal network is directly selected for switching using priority ranking, optimizing resource allocation, avoiding the selection of inefficient networks, and improving overall transmission efficiency. This achieves dynamic optimization and seamless switching of data transmission paths in heterogeneous network environments, significantly improving user experience and data transmission stability. Furthermore, based on the real-time acquired transmission speed, the number of data sub-streams in each primary transmission network is dynamically adjusted to obtain the adjusted number of data sub-streams. This mechanism ensures real-time matching of data load and network resources. For example, when the transmission speed of a primary transmission network increases, the system can increase the number of data sub-streams allocated to it to fully utilize its bandwidth advantage; conversely, when the transmission speed decreases, the number of data sub-streams is reduced to avoid network congestion and data transmission bottlenecks. Based on this, this application adjusts the target transmission data stream of each primary transmission network accordingly based on the adjusted number of data sub-streams, and finally transmits the adjusted target transmission data stream through the primary transmission network. Through this dynamic and adaptive adjustment, this application effectively solves the problem of untimely optimization of data allocation when network speed fluctuates, significantly improves the efficiency of data transmission and resource utilization, and ensures the stability and high performance of data transmission in heterogeneous network environments.

[0087] On the other hand, refer to Figure 9 This embodiment discloses a data transmission system for heterogeneous networks, including a network candidate module 901, a network partitioning module 902, a data segmentation module 903, a transmission monitoring module 904, a network switching module 905, and a data transmission switching module 906.

[0088] The network candidate module 901 is used to obtain the network performance index of each available network within a preset range, so as to determine the network priority of each available network based on the network performance index. The network partitioning module 902 is used to obtain the data transmission information of the data packet to be transmitted, so as to divide the multiple available networks into several primary transmission networks and several backup transmission networks according to the data transmission information and the network priority. The data segmentation module 903 is used to segment the data packet to be transmitted into multiple data sub-streams according to the network performance index of each primary transmission network, so as to determine the target transmission data stream of each primary transmission network. The transmission monitoring module 904 is used to monitor the real-time primary network performance indicators of each primary transmission network and the real-time backup network performance indicators of each backup transmission network when the target transmission data stream is allocated to the primary transmission network for data transmission. The network switching module 905 is used to determine a number of networks to be switched in the primary transmission network based on the real-time primary network performance indicators and to determine a number of networks to be transmitted in the backup transmission network based on the real-time backup network performance indicators. The data transmission switching module 906 is used to acquire the untransmitted data stream of the network to be switched and allocate the untransmitted data stream to the network to be transmitted for data transmission.

[0089] In this embodiment, the network candidate module 901 includes an information collection unit and a level classification unit; The information acquisition unit is used to send a request frame to any network within a preset range to obtain network information of the network, and determine whether the network is available based on the network information; after obtaining all available networks within the preset range, it obtains multiple network performance indicators for each available network and the measurement value of each network performance indicator. The grading unit is used to normalize the measured value of each indicator to obtain multiple performance indicator values ​​for each available network; and to perform a weighted summation of the multiple performance indicator values ​​for each available network according to a preset weight coefficient to obtain a network score for each available network, so as to determine the network priority of each available network based on the network score.

[0090] This embodiment discloses a data transmission method and system for heterogeneous networks. It dynamically classifies all available network performance indicators by real-time monitoring. Simultaneously, it classifies data packets based on their characteristics (such as size and real-time requirements) and intelligently matches optimal single or multiple transmission paths according to the classification. Furthermore, it continuously monitors network conditions during transmission, automatically and seamlessly switching to a better backup path if the current path performance deteriorates, thus achieving efficient and stable data transmission. In addition, this solution includes encryption operations for sensitive data: basic encryption is performed using a mixed interference data stream, and secondary encryption based on a physical USB drive is provided for sensitive data. This USB drive can tamper with some of the real data, and can only be completely restored by matching the USB drive at the target device, thereby ensuring dual security for data transmission and storage.

[0091] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In particular, it should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention for those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A data transmission method for heterogeneous networks, characterized in that, include: Obtain the network performance index of each available network within a preset range, and determine the network priority of each available network based on the network performance index; Obtain data transmission information of the data packet to be transmitted, and divide the multiple available networks into several primary transmission networks and several backup transmission networks according to the data transmission information and the network priority; The data packet to be transmitted is divided into multiple data sub-streams according to the network performance indicators of each primary transmission network to determine the target transmission data stream of each primary transmission network. When the target transmission data stream is allocated to the primary transmission network for data transmission, the real-time primary network performance index of each primary transmission network and the real-time backup network performance index of each backup transmission network are monitored in real time. Based on the real-time primary network performance indicators, several networks to be switched in the primary transmission network are determined, and based on the real-time backup network performance indicators, several networks to be transmitted in the backup transmission network are determined. Obtain the untransmitted data stream of the network to be switched, and allocate the untransmitted data stream to the network to be switched for data transmission.

2. The data transmission method for a heterogeneous network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining network performance indicators for each available network within a preset range, and determining the network priority of each available network based on the network performance indicators, includes: For any network within a preset range, a request frame is sent to the network to obtain the network information of the network, and the network information is used to determine whether the network is an available network; When all available networks within the preset range are obtained, multiple network performance indicators for each available network and the measured value of each network performance indicator are obtained. The measured values ​​of each of the aforementioned indicators are normalized to obtain multiple performance indicator values ​​for each of the available networks. The multiple performance index values ​​of each available network are weighted and summed according to preset weight coefficients to obtain a network score for each available network, and the network priority of each available network is determined based on the network score.

3. The data transmission method for a heterogeneous network according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of acquiring data transmission information of the data packet to be transmitted, and dividing the multiple available networks into several primary transmission networks and several backup transmission networks according to the data transmission information and the network priority, includes: Based on the network priority and a preset priority threshold, multiple candidate networks are selected from all available networks within the preset range; Obtain data transmission information of the data packet to be transmitted, and extract network performance requirements and user preference settings of the data packet to be transmitted from the data transmission information; Based on the network performance requirements and user preference settings, multiple candidate networks are filtered to obtain multiple transmission networks; One or more networks are selected from the plurality of transmission networks as the primary transmission network and at least one network is selected as the backup transmission network.

4. The data transmission method for a heterogeneous network according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of segmenting the data packet to be transmitted into multiple data sub-streams according to the network performance indicators of each primary transmission network to determine the target transmission data stream for each primary transmission network includes: The data packets to be transmitted are divided into multiple data sub-streams according to a preset data stream threshold. The real-time bandwidth of each primary transmission network is obtained, and the transmission weight of each primary transmission network is determined based on the real-time bandwidth, so as to determine the number of data sub-streams of each primary transmission network based on the transmission weight. The multiple data sub-streams are allocated to each of the primary transmission networks according to the number of data sub-streams, so as to obtain the target transmission data stream of each of the primary transmission networks.

5. The data transmission method for a heterogeneous network according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of segmenting the data packet to be transmitted into multiple data sub-streams according to the network performance indicators of each primary transmission network to determine the target transmission data stream for each primary transmission network includes: Obtain the data size value of the data packet to be transmitted; When the data size is less than the data flow threshold, a primary transmission network is selected and the data packet to be transmitted is used as the target transmission data flow of the primary transmission network.

6. The data transmission method for a heterogeneous network according to claim 4, characterized in that, When allocating the target transmission data stream to the primary transmission network for data transmission, real-time monitoring of the real-time primary network performance indicators of each primary transmission network and the real-time backup network performance indicators of each backup transmission network includes: Obtain the data type of the data packet to be transmitted, and match the interference data of the data packet to be transmitted according to the data type; Obtain the number of substreams of the data substream, and divide the interference data into multiple interference data substreams according to the number of substreams; Randomly pair all the data substreams and all the interference data substreams to obtain multiple encrypted data substreams; The encrypted data sub-streams are allocated to each of the primary transmission networks according to the number of data sub-streams, so as to obtain the target transmission data stream for each of the primary transmission networks.

7. A data transmission method for a heterogeneous network according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The step of determining a plurality of networks to be switched from the primary transmission networks based on the real-time primary network performance indicators and determining a plurality of networks to be transmitted from the backup transmission networks based on the real-time backup network performance indicators includes: For any primary transmission network, if any performance index value in the primary transmission network is less than a preset index threshold, the primary transmission network is determined to be a network to be switched. The backup network priority of each backup transmission network is determined based on the real-time backup network performance indicators of each backup transmission network. The network to be transmitted is selected from a number of backup transmission networks according to the priority of the backup network.

8. The data transmission method for a heterogeneous network according to claim 1, characterized in that, When allocating the target transmission data stream to the primary transmission network for data transmission, the real-time monitoring of the real-time primary network performance indicators of each primary transmission network and the real-time backup network performance indicators of each backup transmission network further includes: When the target transmission data stream is allocated to the primary transmission network for data transmission, the transmission speed of each primary transmission network is obtained in real time. The number of data sub-streams in each primary transmission network is adjusted according to the transmission speed to obtain the adjusted number of data sub-streams in each primary transmission network. The target transmission data stream of each primary transmission network is adjusted according to the adjusted number of data substreams, so as to transmit the adjusted target transmission data stream through the primary transmission network.

9. A data transmission system for a heterogeneous network, characterized in that, It includes a network candidate module, a network partitioning module, a data segmentation module, a transmission monitoring module, a network switching module, and a data transmission switching module; The network candidate module is used to obtain the network performance index of each available network within a preset range, so as to determine the network priority of each available network based on the network performance index. The network partitioning module is used to obtain the data transmission information of the data packet to be transmitted, so as to divide the multiple available networks into several primary transmission networks and several backup transmission networks according to the data transmission information and the network priority. The data segmentation module is used to segment the data packet to be transmitted into multiple data sub-streams according to the network performance index of each primary transmission network, so as to determine the target transmission data stream of each primary transmission network. The transmission monitoring module is used to monitor the real-time primary network performance indicators of each primary transmission network and the real-time backup network performance indicators of each backup transmission network when the target transmission data stream is allocated to the primary transmission network for data transmission. The network switching module is used to determine a number of networks to be switched in the primary transmission network based on the real-time primary network performance indicators and to determine a number of networks to be transmitted in the backup transmission network based on the real-time backup network performance indicators. The data transmission switching module is used to acquire the untransmitted data stream of the network to be switched and allocate the untransmitted data stream to the network to be transmitted for data transmission.

10. A data transmission system for a heterogeneous network according to claim 9, characterized in that, The network candidate module includes an information collection unit and a level classification unit; The information acquisition unit is used to send a request frame to any network within a preset range to obtain network information of the network, and determine whether the network is an available network based on the network information; when all available networks within the preset range are obtained, multiple network performance indicators of each available network and the index measurement value of each network performance indicator are obtained. The grading unit is used to normalize the measured value of each indicator to obtain multiple performance indicator values ​​for each available network; and to perform a weighted summation of the multiple performance indicator values ​​for each available network according to a preset weight coefficient to obtain a network score for each available network, so as to determine the network priority of each available network based on the network score.

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