Post-cure apparatus and heating system and cooling system thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to an apparatus and method for post-curing three-dimensional (3D) printed objects. The apparatus includes a curing chamber with a removable platform, the curing chamber being adapted to contain the 3D printed object, a curing light module emitting curing light onto the 3D printed object, an airflow module generating airflow within the curing chamber, and a heating module controlling the airflow temperature. The airflow module and heating module simultaneously dissipate residual heat from the curing chamber, heating the airflow circulating within the curing chamber to promote curing of the 3D printed object. The method includes providing a curing chamber with curing light, airflow circulating within the curing chamber, emitting curing light onto the 3D printed object, and simultaneously heating the airflow circulating within the curing chamber to promote curing of the 3D printed object and dissipate residual heat from the curing chamber.

Description

Priority and related applications

[0001] This application is a partial continuation of U.S. non-provisional application US18 / 216,471, filed June 29, 2023, which is a continuation of U.S. non-provisional application US17 / 902,221, filed September 2, 2022, which is a continuation of U.S. non-provisional application US17 / 511,881, filed October 27, 2021, which claims priority to U.S. provisional application 63 / 083,772, filed September 25, 2020, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Technical Field

[0002] This invention generally relates to stereolithography additive manufacturing. More specifically, this invention relates to components printed using stereolithography additive manufacturing technology with selective post-curing. Copyright and Trademark Notice

[0003] The disclosure area of ​​this patent application may contain copyrighted material. The owner does not object to any copying of patent documents or patent disclosures appearing in the Patent and Trademark Office archives or records, but otherwise reserves all copyrights.

[0004] Some of the marks referenced herein may be common law trademarks or registered trademarks of third parties, whether associated with or not with the applicant or assignee. The use of these marks is for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as descriptive or limiting the scope of this invention to material relating only to these marks. Background Technology

[0005] One of the challenges of using stereolithography in 3D printing is that the resulting 3D objects are typically composed of homogeneous material properties. In other words, due to the current limitations and / or technologies involved in 3D printing, it is impossible to generate or print certain 3D objects with variable material properties, which may be desirable for some applications. For example, stereolithography is one of the commonly used techniques for printing parts in many industries, including dentistry. In dentistry, creating or printing 3D objects with variable color depth, variable opacity, or other variable material properties may be desirable.

[0006] Currently, once a part or 3D object is printed, it is typically post-cured in a curing chamber with high energy to achieve the desired properties. However, this process does not produce 3D objects with variable properties. Therefore, a system and method are needed to address these shortcomings, and this invention has been developed for these purposes. Summary of the Invention

[0007] According to the present invention, a system and method for selectively post-curing three-dimensional (3D) printed objects printed using stereolithography additive manufacturing technology are described to generate cured 3D printed objects with variable properties. These variable properties may include, but are not limited to, variable color depth, variable opacity, variable flexural strength, variable modulus, or other variable material properties that can be achieved by the post-curing method.

[0008] In some exemplary embodiments, the present invention relates to a system for selectively post-curing 3D-printed objects to obtain variable properties. The system may include: a processing module for receiving data about the 3D-printed object and determining a curing tool path configured to obtain a post-cured 3D-printed object with variable properties along different regions of the 3D-printed object; and a selective post-curing module including a chamber with a light source configured to contain the 3D-printed object and selectively emit curing light onto the 3D-printed object.

[0009] In some exemplary embodiments, a system for selectively post-curing a 3D-printed object to obtain variable properties may include: a selective post-curing chamber adapted to receive the 3D-printed object; a post-curing light source housed within the selective post-curing chamber; and a computer coupled to the post-curing light source, the computer including one or more executable instructions that selectively emit curing light onto the 3D-printed object along a predetermined curing tool path based on data of the 3D-printed object, wherein curing the 3D-printed object along the predetermined curing tool path generates variable properties in different regions along the 3D-printed object.

[0010] In some exemplary embodiments, a method for selectively post-curing a 3D printed object to obtain variable properties may include the steps of: receiving data about the 3D printed object; determining a curing tool path configured to obtain a post-cured 3D printed object with variable properties along different regions of the 3D printed object; and selectively emitting curing light onto the 3D printed object along the curing tool path, wherein curing the 3D printed object along the curing tool path generates variable properties along different regions of the 3D printed object.

[0011] In some exemplary embodiments, a method for selectively post-curing a 3D-printed object to obtain variable properties may include the steps of: mounting the 3D-printed object in a selective post-curing chamber, the selective post-curing chamber including a post-curing light source configured to emit curing light onto the 3D-printed object; receiving data about the 3D-printed object along a curing tool path; and selectively emitting curing light onto the 3D-printed object along the curing tool path based on the model data, wherein curing the 3D-printed object along the curing tool path generates variable properties in different regions along the 3D-printed object.

[0012] In some exemplary embodiments, the present invention relates to a system for selectively post-curing 3D-printed objects to obtain variable properties. The system may include: a chamber; a platform disposed within the chamber for supporting at least one 3D-printed object; a light source assembly disposed within the chamber and configured to emit curing light of one wavelength onto the 3D-printed object; a movement module configured to move the light source assembly or platform to selectively expose different areas of the 3D-printed object to curing light along a predetermined curing path; and a processing module communicating with the light source assembly and the movement module, the processing module including one or more executable instructions configured to: receive user input regarding the 3D-printed object, the user input indicating a curing path for post-curing the 3D-printed object; move the light source assembly or platform according to the curing path; and emit curing light onto the 3D-printed object along a curing tool path to generate a post-cured 3D-printed object.

[0013] In some exemplary embodiments, the system may include: a chamber; a platform disposed within the chamber for supporting at least one 3D printed object; a light source assembly disposed within the chamber and configured to emit curing light of a specific wavelength onto the 3D printed object, wherein the light source assembly includes at least one light source disposed above the platform and at least one light source disposed below the platform; a movement module configured to move the light source assembly or the platform to selectively expose different areas of the 3D printed object to curing light along a predetermined curing path of the 3D printed object; and a processing module communicating with the light source assembly and the movement module, the processing module including one or more executable instructions configured to: receive user input regarding the 3D printed object, the user input indicating a curing path for post-curing the 3D printed object; move the light source assembly or the platform according to the curing path; and emit curing light onto the 3D printed object along a curing tool path to generate a post-cured 3D printed object.

[0014] In some exemplary embodiments, an apparatus for post-curing 3D-printed objects is provided. A curing chamber is formed by a body with a removable platform, the curing chamber being adapted to receive a 3D-printed part; one or more curing light assemblies are coupled to the body and adapted to emit curing light onto the 3D-printed part; an airflow module is used to generate an airflow within the curing chamber; and a heating module is adapted to control the temperature of the airflow, wherein the airflow module and the heating module are configured to simultaneously: dissipate residual heat from the curing chamber and heat the airflow circulating within the curing chamber to promote the curing of the 3D-printed object.

[0015] In some exemplary embodiments, a method for post-curing a 3D-printed object is provided. The method may include providing a curing chamber with curing light, circulating an airflow within the curing chamber, emitting curing light onto the 3D-printed object, and simultaneously heating the airflow circulating within the curing chamber to promote curing of the 3D-printed object and dissipate residual heat from the curing chamber.

[0016] Various objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which certain embodiments of the invention are illustrated by way of description and example. The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, include exemplary embodiments of the invention and illustrate various objects and features of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To improve clarity and understanding of the different elements and embodiments of the invention, the elements in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. Furthermore, to provide a clear view of different embodiments of the invention, elements well-known and readily understood by those skilled in the art have not been drawn.

[0018] Figure 1 An exemplary system for selectively post-curing three-dimensional objects to obtain variable properties is shown according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2A A block diagram of a system for selectively post-curing three-dimensional objects to obtain variable properties, communicating with a database and a 3D scanner, is shown as an example according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2B A block diagram of a chamber for selectively post-curing a three-dimensional object is shown as an example according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 An exemplary embodiment of a method for selectively post-curing a three-dimensional object to obtain variable properties is shown.

[0022] Figure 4AAn exemplary perspective view of a post-curing chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0023] Figure 4B An exemplary perspective view of the motion system and light source assembly of a post-curing chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0024] Figure 4C A top view of the motion system and light source assembly of the post-curing chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example.

[0025] Figure 4D A rear view of the motion system and light source assembly of the post-curing chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example.

[0026] Figure 4E A side view of the motion system and light source assembly of the post-curing chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example.

[0027] Figure 5 An exploded view of a light source assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example.

[0028] Figure 6 An exemplary perspective view of a thermal management system for a post-curing chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0029] Figure 7 A heating element arranged in a post-curing chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by way of example.

[0030] Figure 8 An exploded view of the heating element of a post-curing chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example.

[0031] Figure 9A An exemplary front view of a post-curing chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0032] Figure 9B An exemplary perspective view of a post-curing chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0033] Figure 9C An exemplary perspective view of a post-curing chamber and tray system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0034] Figure 9D A side view of a post-curing chamber and tray system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example.

[0035] Figure 9E An exemplary front view of a post-curing chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0036] Figure 9F A top view of a post-curing chamber and tray system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example.

[0037] Figure 9G An exemplary perspective view of the front cover and panel of a post-curing chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0038] Figure 10 A radiation pattern of a post-curing system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example.

[0039] Figure 11 A radiation pattern of a post-curing system according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example.

[0040] Figure 12 An exemplary diagram showing the relative intensity of light sources in the bottom and top panels according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0041] Figure 13 An energy absorption diagram of a post-curing system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example.

[0042] Figure 14 An illustrative diagram of UVC absorption by Escherichia coli according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0043] Figure 15 An exemplary UVC intensity diagram of a post-curing system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0044] Figure 16 An exemplary UVC intensity diagram of a post-curing system according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0045] Figure 17 A thermal resistance and airflow temperature diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example.

[0046] Figure 18 This is a diagram showing the relationship between airflow and heat dissipation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 19A A block diagram of an apparatus for post-curing 3D objects according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0048] Figure 19B An exemplary embodiment of the post-curing apparatus is shown.

[0049] Figure 20 An exploded view of an exemplary embodiment of the post-curing apparatus is shown.

[0050] Figure 21A rack assembly in an exemplary embodiment of a post-curing apparatus is shown.

[0051] Figure 22 An exploded view of the rack assembly and detailed views of areas A and B are shown in an exemplary embodiment of the post-curing apparatus.

[0052] Figure 23 It shows in Figure 21 Sectional view at BB and detailed view of region C.

[0053] Figure 24 A perspective view of the front cover and front cover plate in an exemplary embodiment of the post-curing device is shown.

[0054] Figure 25 An exploded view of the front cover and front cover plate in an exemplary embodiment of the post-curing device is shown.

[0055] Figure 26 Another perspective view of the front cover and front cover plate in an exemplary embodiment of the post-curing device is shown.

[0056] Figure 27 It shows Figure 24 A cross-sectional view of the front cover and front cover plate at the CC position.

[0057] Figure 28 A perspective view of the inner cover in one embodiment of the post-curing device is shown.

[0058] Figure 29A A front view of the surface A of the inner cover in an exemplary embodiment of the post-curing device is shown.

[0059] Figure 29B A front view of the surface B of the inner cover in an exemplary embodiment of the post-curing device is shown.

[0060] Figure 30 An exploded view of the heater housing element and heating element on the inner cover is shown in an exemplary embodiment of the post-curing apparatus.

[0061] Figure 31 An exploded view of a drawer in an exemplary embodiment of the post-curing apparatus is shown.

[0062] Figure 32 A top view of an exemplary drawer and a detailed view of its D area are shown.

[0063] Figure 33 It shows Figure 19B Cross-sectional perspective view at point AA.

[0064] Figure 34 An exploded view of an exemplary front cover and post-curing device is shown.

[0065] Figure 35 It shows in Figure 34 Cross-sectional view at point DD. Detailed Implementation

[0066] In the following discussion relating to several embodiments and applications of the invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the invention, wherein specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced are described by way of illustration. It should be understood that other embodiments may be used, and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Wherever possible, the same reference numerals are used in the drawings and the following description to refer to the same or similar elements.

[0067] In the detailed description below, many specific details are illustrated by examples to provide a comprehensive understanding of the teachings. However, those skilled in the art will find that the teachings can be implemented without these details. In other instances, well-known structures, components, and / or functional or structural relationships, etc., have been described at a relatively high level and are not detailed in order to avoid unnecessary ambiguity in certain aspects of the teachings.

[0068] Throughout the specification and claims, terms may have subtle meanings implied in the context beyond their explicitly stated meanings. Similarly, the phrase "in one embodiment / example" as used herein does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, and the phrase "in another embodiment / example" as used herein does not necessarily refer to different embodiments. The aim is, for example, that the claimed subject matter encompasses a combination of all or part of the exemplary embodiments.

[0069] The conditional language used herein, such as “can,” “may,” “may,” “e.g.,” unless otherwise specifically stated or otherwise understood in the context of its use, is generally intended to convey that certain embodiments include certain features, elements, and / or steps that are not included in other embodiments. Therefore, such conditional language is not generally intended to imply that one or more embodiments require features, elements, and / or steps in any way, regardless of whether such features, elements, and / or steps are included or will be performed in any particular embodiment.

[0070] The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having,” etc., are synonymous and used inclusively in an open-ended manner, not excluding other elements, features, behaviors, operations, etc. Furthermore, the term “or” is used in its inclusive sense (not its exclusive sense), so when used, for example, to connect a series of elements, the term “or” means one, some, or all of the elements in the series. Connective language, such as the phrase “at least one of X, Y, and Z,” is understood in context, unless otherwise specified, to generally convey that an item, term, etc., can be X, Y, or Z. Therefore, such connective language is generally not intended to imply that some implementation requires at least one X, at least one Y, and at least one Z to be present respectively. The terms “and / or” mean that “and” applies to some embodiments, while “or” applies to some embodiments. Therefore, A, B, and / or C can be replaced by A, B, and C being written in one sentence, and A, B, or C being written in another sentence. A, B, and / or C means that some embodiments may include A and B, some embodiments may include A and C, some embodiments may include B and C, some embodiments may include only A, some embodiments may include only B, some embodiments may include only C, and some embodiments include A, B, and C. The term "and / or" is used to avoid unnecessary redundancy. Similarly, terms such as "a," "an," or "described" can be understood to express singular or plural usage, depending at least in part on the context. Furthermore, the word "based on" can be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors; rather, it may allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described, again, depending at least in part on the context.

[0071] While exemplary embodiments of this disclosure have been described, modifications, adjustments, or other implementations may still exist. For example, elements shown in the accompanying drawings may be replaced, added, or modified, and the methods described herein may be modified by replacing, rearranging, or adding stages. Therefore, the foregoing description is not intended to imply that any particular feature, characteristic, step, module, or block is necessary or indispensable. In fact, the novel methods and systems described herein can be embodied in various other forms; furthermore, various omissions, substitutions, and changes may be made in the form of the methods and systems described herein without departing from the invention or spirit disclosed herein. Therefore, the following detailed description does not limit this disclosure. Rather, the appropriate scope of this disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

[0072] The term “comprising” and variations thereof, such as “including,” as used in this disclosure are not intended to exclude other additives, components, ingredients, or steps. For descriptive purposes herein, the terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” “right,” “front,” “back,” “horizontal,” “vertical,” and their derivatives should be applied to the illustrated invention. However, it should be understood that, unless expressly stated otherwise, the invention may assume various different orientations and sequences of steps. It should also be understood that the specific apparatus and processes shown in the drawings and described in the following specification are merely exemplary embodiments of the inventive concepts defined in the appended claims. Therefore, specific dimensions and other physical features associated with the embodiments disclosed herein should not be considered limiting unless expressly stated otherwise in the claims.

[0073] Now turn to the diagram section. Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a system according to some exemplary embodiments of the present invention. More specifically, Figure 1 System 100 is described, which typically includes: a 3D printing module 106 configured to print 3D objects; and a processing module 102 configured to determine or store model data about the 3D printed objects, the model data including, for example, data about desired properties of the 3D printed objects, such as desired variable properties that can be generated by curing the 3D printed objects, and data about curing paths for post-curing the 3D printed objects to achieve the desired variable properties. Furthermore, system 100 includes a selective post-curing module 104 configured to cure the 3D printed objects after printing is complete.

[0074] Processing module 102 typically receives data about the 3D-printed object and can be configured to determine a curing toolpath configured to produce a post-cured 3D printed object with variable properties along different regions of the 3D-printed object. This can be achieved in various ways, including, for example, by incorporating a 3D scanner 208 as shown in FIG. 2, which scans the object to receive data for post-curing. In other embodiments, data can be loaded directly into processing module 102 from a database 204 as shown in FIG. 2, which is used to manufacture the 3D-printed object. Model data may include, but is not limited to, data about the structure of the 3D-printed object, and data about the desired properties of the object to be processed in the post-curing process. The desired or target variable properties for the post-cured 3D-printed object may include, but are not limited to, variable hue, variable opacity, variable flexural strength, variable modulus, or other variable material properties achievable through the post-curing method. For example, variable hue is ideal for multi-colored dental restorations such as crowns and bridges. Similarly, variable opacity may be ideal for multi-colored dental restorations such as crowns and bridges. Furthermore, variable material properties, such as various flexural strengths and moduli, may be highly desirable for dental appliances, such as orthodontic appliances, including—and not limiting the scope of the invention—orthodontic braces and retainers, as well as bite braces and splints. Typically, processing module 102 controls components of selective post-curing module 104, as discussed below, which is configured to generate post-cured 3D printed objects with the desired variable properties.

[0075] The selective post-curing module 104 typically includes a selective post-curing chamber 400 (hereinafter also referred to as chamber 400) with a light source configured to generate a powerful laser during the post-curing process. Chamber 400 may include a mounting platform for mounting the 3D-printed object emerging from the printing process of the 3D printing module 106. In an exemplary embodiment, the light source may include a projector mounted on a track configured to rotate around a support holding the 3D-printed object within the curing chamber. In this way, once the geometry of the 3D-printed object or part to be cured is removed or prepared from the 3D printing module 106, an energy pattern is projected onto the 3D-printed object using a projector equipped with appropriate wavelength and energy.

[0076] The 3D printing module 106 may include any number of components, such as those that may be necessary or useful for stereolithography additive manufacturing technology. In an exemplary embodiment, the database of the 3D printing module 106 may communicate with the processing module 102 of the present invention to provide curing toolpath data.

[0077] Accordingly, in some exemplary embodiments, a system for selectively post-curing a 3D-printed object to obtain variable properties may include: a processing module 102 for receiving data about the 3D-printed object and determining a curing tool path configured to obtain a post-cured 3D-printed object with variable properties along different regions of the 3D-printed object; and a selective post-curing module 104 including a chamber with a light source configured to contain the 3D-printed object and selectively emit curing light onto the 3D-printed object. In some exemplary embodiments, the processing module 102 receives data about the 3D-printed object, including a predetermined curing tool path configured to obtain a post-cured 3D-printed object with variable properties along different regions of the 3D-printed object. In some exemplary embodiments, a user interface communicating with module 104 allows a user to select the type of 3D-printed object placed in curing chamber 400; the processing module accesses data about the 3D-printed object based on the user's selection, including a predetermined curing tool path for the 3D-printed object, wherein the predetermined curing tool path is configured to post-cur the 3D-printed object into a post-cured 3D-printed object with variable properties along different regions of the 3D-printed object. As will be described in more detail below, post-curing of the post-cured 3D-printed object with variable properties along different regions of the 3D-printed object can be achieved by means of a movable light source assembly within chamber 400.

[0078] In an exemplary embodiment, the movable light source assembly can be configured to emit curing light of multiple wavelengths along a moving track of a platform within the chamber 400 and to emit curing light at variable positions. Thus, the movable light source assembly emits one or more wavelengths of curing light onto the 3D printed object along a predetermined tool path associated with the 3D printed object. The wavelength of the curing light emitted onto the object can be variable; therefore, a variable energy pattern can be emitted onto the 3D printed object along the tool path based on the target physical properties at a given position. In this way, the post-cured 3D printed object can have—for example, but not limited to—variable color depth, variable opacity, variable flexural strength, variable elasticity, variable modulus, or other variable material properties along the predetermined tool path.

[0079] Now let's move on to the next illustration. Figure 2A An exemplary system 200a according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown. More specifically, Figure 2ASystem 200 is described, which typically includes a selective post-curing chamber 400 adapted to receive a 3D printed object, a post-curing light source or movable light source assembly 202 (which may include, for example, an LED module) housed within the chamber 400, and a computer 206 coupled to the movable light source assembly 202, the computer including one or more executable instructions that selectively emit curing light onto the 3D printed object along a predetermined curing tool path based on data of the 3D printed object.

[0080] The chamber 400 can be any curing chamber suitable for curing a 3D-printed object. The chamber 400 is typically adapted to house the 3D-printed object, which can be secured inside the chamber 400 via a mounting platform or bracket suitable for holding the 3D object in place during the curing process. In some exemplary embodiments, a track or path may be provided around the mounting platform of the 3D-printed object to allow the movable light source assembly 202 to rotate or revolve around the 3D-printed object during post-curing.

[0081] Computer 206 is typically coupled to or communicates with movable light source assembly 202 and is configured to have one or more executable instructions that selectively emit curing light onto the 3D printed object along a predetermined curing tool path based on data of the 3D printed object, wherein the 3D printed object is cured along the predetermined curing tool path, generating variable properties in different regions along the 3D printed object. To obtain data, as described above, computer 206 may be coupled to or communicate with database 204, such as the database of the 3D printing module, or alternatively, or optionally, computer 206 may be coupled to 3D scanner 208, which employs 3D scanning technology to obtain data about the 3D printed object.

[0082] In an exemplary embodiment, computer 206 includes one or more executable instructions for: receiving data about a 3D-printed object; determining a curing tool path configured to produce a post-cured 3D-printed object with variable properties along different regions of the 3D-printed object; and selectively emitting curing light onto the 3D-printed object along the curing tool path, wherein curing the 3D-printed object along the curing tool path generates variable properties along different regions of the 3D-printed object. In some exemplary embodiments, computer 206 includes a user interface (i.e., keyboard, touch interface, buttons, etc.) that enables a user to select the type of 3D-printed object placed in curing chamber 400; the computer accesses data about the 3D-printed object (i.e., from scanner 208 or database 204) based on the user's selection, the data including a predetermined curing tool path for the 3D-printed object, wherein the predetermined curing tool path is configured to post-cur the 3D-printed object into a post-cured 3D-printed object with variable properties along different regions of the 3D-printed object.

[0083] Figure 2B A block diagram of a chamber for selectively post-curing three-dimensional objects according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example. More specifically, Figure 2B An exemplary system 500 is described, which is used for selectively post-curing 3D printed objects to obtain one or more variable properties; system 500 may include... Figure 2A The system 200 shown uses the same general components, but may specifically include: a chamber 501; a platform 502 disposed within the chamber 501 for supporting at least one 3D printed object; a curing light module 503, for example disposed within the chamber 501 and configured to emit curing light of a specific wavelength onto the 3D printed object; a movement module 504 configured to move the curing light module 503 or the platform 502 to selectively expose different areas of the 3D printed object to curing light along a predetermined curing path; and a processing module 505 communicating with the curing light module 503 and the movement module 504, the processing module 505 including one or more executable instructions configured to: receive user input via a user interface 505a connected to the processing module 505, the user input being about the 3D printed object and indicating a predetermined curing tool path for post-curing the 3D printed object; move the curing light module 503 or the platform 502 according to the curing tool path; and emit curing light along the curing tool path onto the 3D printed object to generate a post-cured 3D printed object.

[0084] The chamber 501 can be constructed of various materials, although its typical construction employs a design that provides an insulating layer 501a, such as an insulating layer of insulating material, and a multi-layered shell structure that facilitates maintaining an ideal temperature within the chamber while preventing excessive heat exposure to the exterior of the chamber, thus protecting the user. In an exemplary embodiment, the chamber includes an internal surface treatment adapted to maximize ultraviolet light reflectivity. In an exemplary embodiment, in addition to the insulating layer 501a, the chamber 501 may include a thermal control module 501b, such as a heating device, which may be disposed below the platform 502 for exposing the 3D-printed object within the chamber 501 to an ideal temperature suitable for the post-curing process.

[0085] Platform 502 can be any platform suitable for exposure to curing light from curing light module 503, such as ultraviolet light, and the platform is suitable for supporting one or more (preferably but not necessarily) 3D printed objects within chamber 501. In exemplary embodiments, the platform can be fixed when chamber 501 is active, but can be movable to facilitate the placement or removal of objects from the chamber. In some exemplary embodiments, platform 502 can be a movable platform, such as a rotating platform—e.g., a turntable platform. In some exemplary embodiments, the platform can be a movable platform capable of tilting or performing other actions to fully expose the 3D printed object to the curing light from curing light module 503. In some exemplary embodiments, platform 502 is a simple fixed platform located inside chamber 501 to fully expose the 3D printed object to the curing light from curing light module 503. In exemplary embodiments, a drawer system 502a can be used to facilitate the movement of the platform inside and outside chamber 501; this drawer system will be discussed later with reference to other figures. In an exemplary embodiment, platform 502 includes a surface adapted to receive a 3D printed object, the surface including: mesh, or a material made of at least one UV-C transparent material and a UV-A transparent material.

[0086] The curing light module 503 can be any light source or a light source assembly equipped with a light source suitable for post-curing 3D printed objects. In some exemplary embodiments, the light source assembly includes at least one light source disposed above the platform and at least one light source disposed below the platform to maximize exposure of different parts of the 3D printed object. In some exemplary embodiments, the curing light module 503 includes a light-emitting diode (LED) module 503a for emitting curing light of one or more wavelengths onto the 3D printed object. The LED module 503a may consist of multiple LED panels, and in some exemplary embodiments, the LED module 503a includes at least one LED panel disposed above the platform 502 and at least one LED panel disposed below the platform 502. To control the ideal temperature within the chamber 501 and maintain optimal performance of the LED module 503a, in some exemplary embodiments, the LED module 503a or the curing light module 503 may include a thermal control module 503c built into the structure or light assembly of the module; this may include a fan system to actively control the temperature of the chamber and the temperature of the light source assembly of the curing light module 503. In some exemplary embodiments, the curing light module 503 includes a lens system for volumetric coverage of a 3D printed object, the lens system including one or more convex lenses adapted to move relative to the light source assembly to change the volumetric coverage area of ​​the 3D printed object.

[0087] The moving module 504 can be any set of components suitable for facilitating the movement of the curing light module 503 or the platform 502. For example, and without limiting the scope of the invention, the moving module 504 may include a moving system for the platform 501, such as a motor, actuator, or device for moving the platform 502. In some exemplary embodiments, the motor of the moving module may be configured to be rotationally coupled to a turntable of the platform. In some exemplary embodiments, the motor, actuator, or device may be configured to raise and lower the platform 502. In some exemplary embodiments, the moving module 504 may include a moving system for the curing light module 503, such as a motor, actuator, or device for moving one or more devices of the curing light module 503; in some exemplary embodiments, this may involve a motor coupled to path 504a, such as a track comprising a linear track capable of moving the light assembly along the path within the cavity. As will be described in more detail below, other configurations are also possible—for example, and without limiting the scope of the invention—the moving module 504 may include a motor, actuator, or device for moving both the platform 502 and the curing light module 503 together. In exemplary embodiments, the moving module is adapted to facilitate at least one of the following: continuous movement of the curing light module 503 or the platform 502; movement having multiple stationary points; or bidirectional movement. In some exemplary embodiments, the moving module may include a position sensor for determining the position of the light source of the curing light module 503 or the platform 502.

[0088] The processing module 505 may be any suitable configurable or programmable computer device having one or more executable instructions configured to activate the various components of chamber 501. Typically, the processing module 505 is configured to receive at least one instance of user input via a user interface 505a coupled to the processing module 505, the user input concerning the 3D printed object and indicating a predetermined curing path for post-curing the 3D printed object; move the curing light module 503 or platform 502 according to the curing tool path; and emit curing light along the curing tool path onto the 3D printed object to generate the post-cured 3D printed object. In some exemplary embodiments, a database communicating with the processing module stores information about the 3D printed object.

[0089] Now let's move on to the next illustration. Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a method according to some exemplary embodiments of the present invention is provided. More specifically, Figure 3 A method for selectively post-curing 3D-printed objects to obtain variable properties is described. Although presented in a specific order, method 300 can also be implemented in an alternative order of optional steps without departing from or limiting the scope of the invention. Generally, method 300 includes the following steps: 301 receiving data about a 3D-printed object; 302 determining a curing tool path configured to obtain a post-cured 3D-printed object with variable properties along different regions of the 3D-printed object; and 303 selectively emitting curing light along the curing tool path onto the 3D-printed object, wherein the 3D-printed object is cured along the curing tool path, generating variable properties along different regions of the 3D-printed object.

[0090] In step 301, data about the 3D-printed object can be received. This may include receiving data from a database or from a 3D scanner coupled to the system according to the invention. This data can be compiled by generating a digital model of the 3D-printed object that divides it into multiple volumes, where each volume includes a corresponding curing location along the toolpath.

[0091] In step 302, a curing toolpath can be determined, configured to produce a post-cured 3D printed object with variable properties along different regions of the 3D printed object. In an exemplary embodiment, this can be performed by the system's computer. However, this step can be performed externally to the system, which can be configured to receive data including the desired curing toolpath.

[0092] In step 303, the computer communicates with the light source, and curing light is selectively emitted onto the 3D printed object according to the curing tool path and the digital model, wherein the 3D printed object is cured along the curing tool path, generating variable properties in different regions along the 3D printed object.

[0093] In some exemplary embodiments, a method for selectively post-curing a 3D-printed object to obtain variable properties may include the following steps: mounting the 3D-printed object in a selective post-curing chamber, the selective post-curing chamber including a post-curing light source configured to emit curing light onto the 3D-printed object; receiving data of the 3D-printed object regarding a curing tool path and a digital model of the 3D-printed object; and selectively emitting curing light onto the 3D-printed object along the curing tool path based on the model data, wherein curing the 3D-printed object along the curing tool path generates variable properties in different regions along the 3D-printed object.

[0094] Figure 4A An exemplary perspective view of a chamber 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The chamber 400 houses a post-curing light source or a movable light source assembly and a motion system, which will be discussed below with reference to other figures. Figures 4B to 4E Different views of a movable light source assembly located on a motion system within chamber 400 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention are shown. The post-curing system is configured to provide maximum UVA light irradiation or volumetric coverage on the surface of the 3D printed part by using the motion system.

[0095] More specifically, Figure 4A A movable light source assembly 202 located within chamber 400 is described. Figures 4B to 4E An isometric side view is described for a movable light source assembly 202 and several components: a bottom LED module including a bottom panel housing 430a and a top LED module including a top panel housing 430b, an LED housing connecting bracket 402, and a motion system 202a, which in some embodiments is a linear motion system.

[0096] In some exemplary embodiments, the movable light source assembly 202 may be coupled to the linear motion system 202a via a bracket 414 that couples the movable light source assembly 202 to the linear motion system 202a, and a connecting bracket 416 may be coupled to the mounting bracket 414 via a portion of the linear motion system 202a, such as a track (or, for example, a lead screw 404). The linear motion system 202a may include a high-precision stepper motor 410 (e.g., see...). Figure 4DThe system includes a lead screw 404, a linear guide rail 406, a linear guide rail mounting plate 408, and a position sensor 412. High-power LED modules can be secured together via a bracket 402, which is connected to the motion system 202a to provide linear guidance—or to allow the movable light source assembly 202 to be positioned along the track of the motion system 202a. A cable track can be used to provide one degree of freedom for the power cable.

[0097] The LED module may include a uniform light intensity along the X-axis and a linear motion system that generates movement along the Y-axis to increase volumetric coverage. This movement may be continuous or have multiple stationary points. The length of movement can be divided into different regions depending on the number of models during curing, and in some embodiments, it may be marked on the mounting platform, for example... Figure 9C The tray support 444 shown is for user reference.

[0098] In another exemplary embodiment of the invention, the post-curing system may include a moving system that achieves volumetric coverage through linear uniaxial movement in the X-axis or Y-axis direction. Volumetric coverage can also be achieved by implementing rotational movement. LED modules and a support system are connected to a motor system to generate rotational movement. The LEDs uniformly illuminate in the radial direction, and the rotational movement covers the entire platform area. Alternatively, volumetric coverage can be achieved with a fixed light source and a moving platform. For a linear moving system, this can be achieved by moving the platform along the X-axis or Y-axis. Volumetric coverage can also be achieved by implementing a turntable where the light source is fixed, but the platform moves. Another alternative to volumetric coverage is bidirectional movement. This involves movement combined along both the X-axis and Y-axis.

[0099] In another exemplary embodiment of the invention, volumetric coverage can also be achieved by using a tilted light source. The system may include a high-optical-power light source that rotates about an axis, which may be located on or away from the light source. The distance from the axis determines the required optical output of the panel.

[0100] In another exemplary embodiment of the invention, ideal volume coverage can be achieved using a convex lens system. This system may include a high-power LED light source equipped with a convex lens. The optical output of the high-power LED light source passes through the convex lens. The lens is moved closer to or further away from the light source to change the coverage area. In another exemplary embodiment, the light source is moved relative to the lens.

[0101] In an exemplary embodiment, one or more LED modules may be adapted to use multiple wavelengths of light in different combinations to impart different desired physical properties to the 3D-printed object. For example, and without limiting the scope of the invention, multiple curing wavelengths may involve UVA+UVC, or other combinations, to selectively enhance the properties of the 3D-printed part cured within chamber 400.

[0102] Figure 5 An exploded view of a light source assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example. The light source assembly comprises a top LED panel housing 430b and a bottom LED panel housing 430a, which respectively house LED panels 418 and 420, and include a heat sink 426. The bottom LED panel housing 430a houses the bottom LED panel 420, and the top LED panel housing 430b houses the top LED panel 418. Each housing is designed to house the heat sink 426 between the housing walls (430a, 430b) and the respective heat sink 426, thereby ensuring that airflow is guided through the heat sink by a fan system (e.g., but not limited to, fan 422) to facilitate airflow. A transition between the circular cross-section of the fan and the rectangular cross-section of the duct can be achieved using a fan mounting pad 428, which is designed to have a smooth surface and a gradual transition, and the fan 422 can be centered in the duct to reduce pressure loss, eliminate eddy formation, and remove pressure loss areas. Each housing has openings at both ends that form a duct, which may include end caps (424a, 424b) to prevent exposure to the heatsink. Each end cap (424a, 424b) may include an opening on the side and an opening at the top to further facilitate airflow. The total area of ​​these openings is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the duct to reduce pressure loss. The orientation of fan 422 may be a high static pressure fan, or multiple fans connected in series to generate higher static pressure than a single fan at a similar flow rate, or multiple fans connected in parallel to generate the same static pressure as a single fan but with a higher flow rate.

[0103] Figure 6 An exploded view of an LED module is shown as an example according to the present invention (in this case, the top LED module is located within the top panel housing 430b), which employs a thermal management system, as will be discussed further below. The LED module includes a plurality of LEDs mounted on the surface of an LED panel 418, a heat sink 432, and a heat fin 426. The bottom LED module may include a similar mirror configuration, including an LED panel, heat sink, and heat fin.

[0104] Because some polymers may require an ambient temperature of 60 degrees Celsius for post-curing within chamber 400, the air within the chamber may need to be heated. On the one hand, UVA LEDs typically have a 59% operating efficiency and can generate 48 watts of waste heat for the top panel and 19 watts for the bottom panel. The potential maximum junction temperature for UVA LEDs is 90 degrees Celsius, while for UVC LEDs it is 100 degrees Celsius. Therefore, cooling of the LED panels is also necessary. To address these factors, in exemplary embodiments, the LED cooling system may include multiple components: heat sink 426, thermal pads 432, and a cooling fan 422—all housed within the respective LED panel housings 430 to facilitate air circulation between the top and bottom LED panels. In some exemplary embodiments, the dimensions of the top and bottom LED panels may be 224 mm × 60 mm. A single-layer aluminum-based PCB can be used to fabricate the LED panels. This helps reduce thermal resistance from the board and provides a large area for heat transfer. The ambient temperature within chamber 400 is preferably 60 degrees Celsius, and the junction temperature of the LED is preferably below 80 degrees Celsius, resulting in a temperature difference ΔT of 20 degrees Celsius. The heat output of the panel can be 48 watts, therefore the maximum thermal resistance of the system is preferably below 0.42°C / W, which is calculated using formulas (7) and (8): Thermal resistance = desired temperature difference ΔT ÷ heat output (Formula (7)); Q=hc A(Ts-Ta) (formula (8)); Where Q is the heat transfer rate; hc is the convective heat transfer coefficient; A is the surface area used for heat transfer; Ts is the surface temperature of the heat sink; and Ta is the air temperature.

[0105] In an exemplary embodiment, chamber 400 may employ special materials to maximize the reflectivity of the UV light output from the movable light source assembly 202. For example, and without limiting the scope of the invention, the material may include aluminum, stainless steel, or polytetrafluoroethylene (Porex). In some exemplary embodiments, the chamber may employ surface treatments to maximize reflection. For example, and without limiting the scope of the invention, the surface treatment may include reinforced aluminum and / or titanium oxide coatings. Of course, other materials and / or combinations of materials may be employed to improve or maximize the desired reflectivity of the UV light output from the movable light source assembly 202. Therefore, in an exemplary embodiment, chamber 400 includes surface treatments to maximize reflectivity.

[0106] Figure 7 A heating device disposed within a chamber 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example. Figure 8An exploded view of a heating device for a chamber 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, which can reach an ideal temperature for curing certain photosensitive polymers.

[0107] The heating device 438 includes a heating element 438a configured to transfer heat energy to the air in the shortest possible time. The heating device 438 may be an electric heater employing the heating element and is divided into two parts for heat output. A first part may be responsible for heating the heating element, and a second part may be responsible for transferring heat to the air inside the chamber. In exemplary embodiments, the heating element 438a may be adapted to have minimal thermal hysteresis, i.e., reaching the operating temperature in the shortest possible time. Thermal hysteresis depends on the mass and specific heat capacity of the materials used in the heating device 438. In some exemplary embodiments, the outer casing may be made of stainless steel, which forms a layer of Cr2O3 (chromium oxide) at high temperatures to resist further oxidation of the heating element. In some exemplary embodiments, resistance wire may be used; for example, a high-temperature-resistant nichrome alloy wire may be used, covered with a magnesium oxide (MgO) sheath as an electrical insulator. In some embodiments, the heating device may use a cermet element. In some embodiments, the heating element 438a is an exposed nichrome alloy wire. In some embodiments, the heating element 438a is a nichrome wire within a metal casing. In some embodiments, the heating device 438 comprises a nickel-chromium alloy resistance wire injected into a ceramic housing. The heating element preferably has very low oxidizability; for this purpose, a ceramic surface may be employed.

[0108] Figure 8 An exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown, wherein the heating element 438a reaches a high surface temperature exceeding 418 degrees Celsius. Due to its high temperature, the heating element 438a needs to be isolated from the user. The heater housing 436 is designed to receive and guide airflow into the chamber 400. The exterior of the housing is covered with insulators (440 and 442). One side of the heater housing has a threaded mounting hole into which the heater is screwed. The side panel 434 of the heater housing has lugs 472 on its side that engage with recesses 474 provided at the bottom of the heater housing 436. The side panel 434 has gaskets to ensure that the side insulators 440 are not compressed during assembly. The heater housing is placed at the bottom of the chamber 400 to facilitate natural convection. The heater housing is covered with a protective mesh, the size of which is designed to maximize airflow. In some exemplary embodiments, a metal plate may be used to provide minimal resistance to heat transfer from the inside to the outside of the product.

[0109] Now let's move on to the next set of illustrations. Figures 9A to 9G A perspective view of a post-curing system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown. More specifically, Figure 9A and Figure 9BA front view and an isometric side view of an exemplary embodiment of the post-curing system are shown, respectively. Due to its large surface area, the chamber acts as a heat sink and dissipates heat. To further reduce heat loss, an insulating layer 468 can be added to the outer wall of the inner casing 466 (e.g., see...). Figures 9A-9B The insulation layer 468 can be characterized by an R-value, which describes the temperature difference across the insulation layer per unit heat flux. The requirement for the chamber is that the temperature of the outer casing be maintained below 37 degrees Celsius, i.e., human body temperature. Another requirement for the insulation layer is a fire rating of 0 or 1 according to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) standards.

[0110] When the chamber heats the air to higher temperatures, the outer casing may become too hot and dangerous to touch. To address this, the chamber can be divided into two parts. An inner portion, formed by an inner casing 466, encloses the LED module and heating element; this portion heats up to 60 degrees Celsius during operation. An outer portion, formed by an outer casing 458, may include insulating material to retain heat; the selected insulating material has an appropriate R-value to keep the temperature of the outer casing 458 below 37 degrees Celsius, i.e., human body temperature. This prevents the user from being exposed to hot objects. The inner casing 466 can be coupled to the outer casing 458 via one or more supports 464, which secure the inner casing to the interior region of the outer casing 458, leaving a space between the outer casing 458 and the inner casing 466. Figure 9B As can be seen from the view, the outer casing 458 may optionally include one or more LCD openings 470 located on the top surface of the casing 458 to display one or more indicator lights to the user indicating the status of the device or post-curing process. In some exemplary embodiments, the top surface of the inner casing 458 is smooth and does not include LCD openings (e.g., see...). Figure 9C ).

[0111] Figures 9C to 9F A perspective view of a drawer system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In some exemplary embodiments, the chamber 400 may employ a drawer system to facilitate the opening of a platform, such as a mounting platform for mounting or positioning 3D printed objects within the chamber 400. In exemplary embodiments, the drawer system is designed to maximize usable area while minimizing the overall footprint. The drawer system may employ a push-to-close design that locks in the closed position.

[0112] In some exemplary embodiments, the drawer system includes a front cover 454, which may be made of a UV-resistant material. The drawer design may be configured with an opening height to limit the maximum permissible height of the model. This ensures no contact between the LED panel (418, 420 within chamber 400) and the 3D-printed object located within the platform (e.g., tray) of the drawer system. The drawer system may employ a magnetic sensor to detect the state of the drawer, which provides a safety switch to shut off the heating element and the UV LED light when the drawer is opened. In exemplary embodiments, the drawer system includes: a drawer 460 including a door with a handle 452; a front cover 454 and a front panel 456 providing UV shielding around an opening into chamber 400; and a tray system including a tray support 444, a tray handle 446, and a tray mesh 448 located within a portion of drawer 460. The drawer system allows the platform, such as a tray or tray mesh 448, to slide completely out of chamber 400. The tray mesh 448 may be placed on the tray support 444 connected to drawer slide rails 450. When a 3D printed object or model is placed on the platform or tray mesh 448, the tray handle 446 increases convenience by allowing the user to lift the tray. In exemplary embodiments, such as those shown in these views, the platform is configured to allow curing light from above and below the platform to illuminate the 3D printed object. For example, and without limiting the scope of the invention, the tray mesh 448 may include multiple openings to allow UV light to be irradiated from the bottom or underside of the 3D printed object disposed on the tray mesh 448. In some exemplary embodiments, a UVC and UVA transparent material may be used to form the base of the platform. In some exemplary embodiments, the opening area of ​​the tray mesh 448 occupies 58% of the total area. Figure 9D It is understood that support 462, such as friction support, which may include, but is not limited to, rubber feet, can be used as a support mechanism to prevent the cover from sliding or moving during use.

[0113] Figure 9G An isometric side view of a front panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown. In the exemplary embodiment, the front cover 454 is modular; it can be coupled to the front panel 456 using locating pins to restrict parallel movement with the front panel and uses magnets to restrict perpendicular movement with the front panel 456. Alternatively, fasteners can be used to make the front cover openable. This allows the user to remove the front cover 454 and perform cleaning operations on the components.

[0114] Figure 10 and Figure 11Radiation patterns (1000, 1100) of a post-curing system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention are shown. In the exemplary embodiment, the post-curing system provides uniform curing through two factors that result in different intensities at different points on the tray: the light source and the light intensity. The light source, i.e., a UV LED, has a characteristic radiation pattern that provides a curve of relative power output versus angle. This introduces a gradient of light power over the irradiated area. The light intensity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the measurement point and the light source. This is the second source of non-uniformity over the irradiated area.

[0115] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the post-curing system employs a UVA LED with a viewing angle of 120 degrees and a UVC LED with a viewing angle of 60 degrees. The viewing angle refers to the angle formed with the LED normal, at which the relative optical power output is 50% of its maximum value. The LED layout design takes into account the uniformity requirements of the irradiation area. The distribution is converted into a relationship between the relative optical power output and the solid angle. The formula for converting a two-dimensional angle into a solid angle is formula (1). A Cartesian coordinate system is chosen to take into account the distance from the light source. The distance and angle between the light source and the reference point are obtained using the coordinate system of formula (2). The intensity of the reference point can be found using formula (3). These formulas are as follows: Ω=2π(1-cosθ) formula (1); D = √((x1-x2)) 2 +(y1-y2) 2 +(z1-z2 2 ) formula (2); I0*Σ(ΔΩ i *x i Formula (3) = P / r^2; Where D is the distance between the two points; x1, y1, z1 are the positions of the LED in the Cartesian coordinate system; x2, y2, z2 are the positions of the reference point in the Cartesian coordinate system; I0 is the irradiance; ΔΩ i It refers to the solid angle coverage area; X i It is the intensity factor of the solid angle coverage area.

[0116] The total intensity at the reference point was calculated using the superposition theorem and is expressed as the sum of the intensities of all LEDs at that point. LEDs are distributed at a high density near the ends and center to ensure a uniform distribution of total intensity within the illumination area. The panel uniformity data is as follows. The LED distribution also takes into account the heat generated by the LEDs. The concentrated distribution of LEDs at the ends is limited by the heat generated at local edges and the need for efficient heat dissipation. The heat flux is limited to 1 W / cm². 2 Within.

[0117] Figure 12Figure 1200 shows the relative intensity of light sources in the bottom and top panels according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 13 A graph 1300 showing the energy absorption of a post-curing system according to an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. The photoinitiator contains a photoinitiator that initiates the polymerization reaction via free radical formation or cationic initiation. The photoinitiator absorbs energy from UV light to generate free radicals, thereby initiating the reaction. The photoinitiator used in the photoinitiator has a local maximum absorbance at a wavelength of 365 nm, while the absorbance drops to below 0.1 at wavelengths above 420 nm. The absorbance determines the curing efficiency. To determine the optimal wavelength, the overall efficiency is calculated by multiplying the LED operating efficiency by the curing efficiency, as shown in equations (4) and (5). Working efficiency = (optical power output) ÷ (forward voltage * forward current) Formula (4); Overall efficiency = Working efficiency * Wavelength efficiency (Formula 5)

[0118] Figure 14 Figure 1400 illustrates the UVC absorption of *E. coli* according to an embodiment of the present invention. UV light with wavelengths below 280 nm destroys nucleic acids in microorganisms, killing them by interfering with their DNA. The efficiency of nucleic acid destruction depends on the absorption of UV light at different wavelengths. Previous studies have shown that UV absorption has a local minimum at approximately 255 nm (absorption rate of 25%), while absorption is much higher (over 27%) at lower wavelengths (below 235 nm). Although disinfection efficiency increases with decreasing wavelength, wavelengths below 240 nm lead to the photolysis of oxygen to generate ozone, which is undesirable. The main sources of UVC light are low-pressure / high-pressure mercury lamps, excimer lamps, and LEDs. This product uses UVC LEDs as the light source. UV LEDs with wavelengths in the range of 265 to 280 nm were evaluated, and total efficiency was used as a factor in determining the optimal wavelength. LED systems have two different efficiencies: operating efficiency and nucleic acid absorption efficiency. The total efficiency is obtained by multiplying these two efficiencies.

[0119] In another exemplary embodiment of the invention, a common problem with UVC sterilization devices is the inability to complete sterilization when undercut areas are present. This product focuses on sterilizing the surface of the printed model and reduces the appearance of shadow areas by using two light sources, one from the bottom LED panel 420 and the other from the top LED panel 418. Turning now to the next set of figures, Figure 15 and Figure 16 UVC intensity graphs 1500 and 1600 of a post-curing system according to an embodiment of the present invention are shown. Sterilization depends on the energy transferred to the desired surface. Data published by the FDA recommends using 186 mJ / cm². 2The dosage is required to achieve a Log 4 level sterilization effect. However, according to our experiments, a dosage of 300 mJ / cm² is needed for Log 2 level sterilization of surfaces. 2 The dose. The UVC intensity of the target area is calculated using formula (6): I0*∑(ΔΩ i *x i Formula (6) = P / r^2; Where I0 is the irradiance, ΔΩ i It is the solid angle coverage area, X i It is the intensity factor of the solid angle coverage area.

[0120] More specifically, Figure 15 An exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown, wherein the superposition theorem is used to determine the composite intensity of the target region. The uniformity of the target region is as follows: Figure 15 As shown. This yielded a disinfection time performance curve, as follows. Figure 16 As shown, this curve is calculated by dividing the target dose by the intensity.

[0121] Figure 17 Another exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown, wherein the heat transfer rate is proportional to the surface area in contact with air. A heat sink 426 is used to increase the surface area for heat transfer. The second factor in the heat transfer equation is the convection coefficient, which depends on the airflow velocity. The thermal resistance and airflow temperature characteristics of the heat sink are shown in the figure. Figure 17 As shown in Figure 1700, the pressure loss caused by the heat sink is also a function of airflow velocity. Heat sink 426 has an optimized elliptical fin design to promote airflow and reduce pressure loss through the heat sink while maintaining a large surface area for heat transfer.

[0122] In another exemplary embodiment of the invention, the heat sink 426 and the aluminum PCB have machined surfaces, but to achieve optimal heat transfer between these surfaces, an interface material is required between them. This interface material has high thermal conductivity and enters voids to fill any gaps between the two surfaces. The material used can be thermal paste, which fills voids when pressed between the two surfaces; or a phase change material, which is sheet-like at room temperature but changes shape at higher temperatures, flowing in and filling gaps. An alternative material choice used in the product is a thermal pad 432, a flexible sheet material sandwiched between the heat sink 426 and the aluminum PCB.

[0123] Figure 18Another exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown, wherein heat dissipation of the LED relies on forced convection. Figure 1800 illustrates the relationship between airflow and heat dissipation. The fan's statistical curve or static pressure curve provides the relationship between pressure loss and volumetric flow rate. The operating point of fan 422 is the intersection of the fan static pressure curve and the system pressure curve. The system pressure curve represents the pressure loss within the system, which in this product is the sum of the pressure losses of the heat sink, the front cover, and the front and rear walls of chamber 400. This is expressed by formula (9): The system resistance curve = (pressure loss formula of heat sink + front cover + walls at inlet and outlet) (9).

[0124] The operating point of the fan is determined based on the airflow and pressure loss curves and static pressure curves of the heat sink.

[0125] Now let's move on to the next illustration. Figure 19A A block diagram of an apparatus for post-curing 3D objects according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown. According to some exemplary embodiments, the apparatus 1000 for post-curing 3D printed objects may include: a curing chamber 1001 formed by a body 1007 with a detachable platform 1002, the curing chamber 1001 being adapted to receive a 3D printed part; a curing light module 1003 including one or more curing light components, coupled to the body 1007 and adapted to emit curing light onto the 3D printed part; an airflow module 1004 for generating an airflow within the curing chamber 1001; and a thermal control module 1005, such as a heating module adapted to control the temperature of the airflow; wherein the airflow module and the thermal control module may be configured to simultaneously: dissipate residual heat from the curing chamber and heat the airflow circulating within the curing chamber to promote the curing of the 3D printed object. In some exemplary embodiments, such as Figure 19A As described in the block diagram, the device 1000 may further include a drawer system 1006 adapted to remove the removable platform from the curing chamber.

[0126] In exemplary embodiments, some of these components may be included in, form part of, or be integrated with one or more portions of the body 1007. For example, and without limiting the scope of the invention, as will be discussed in more detail below, components of the thermal control module and / or airflow module may include air inlets and / or chambers or channels that are part of or constitute part of the body 1007; for example, in some exemplary embodiments, the body 1007 may be part of a frame and airflow module, which may include a plurality of chambers formed within the sidewalls of the frame, these chambers being adapted to guide airflow within or through a portion of the device 1000. Similarly, the thermal control module may include a heating module that includes a heating element that may be located within a portion of the body or frame, adapted to heat airflow circulating in a curing chamber to facilitate curing of the 3D printed object. Similarly, the airflow module may include heat dissipation chambers formed by or integrated with the body or frame, which are adapted to receive airflow from the curing chamber in order to dissipate residual heat from the curing chamber.

[0127] Furthermore, as will be explained below in conjunction with some exemplary embodiments of the invention, the optical components of one or more curing light modules 1003 may be insertably accommodated in one or more insertion spaces formed within the wall of the body 1007 of the device 1000. In exemplary embodiments, one or more curing light source components forming the curing light module 1003 may be coupled to one or more heat sinks that are aligned with slots, chambers, openings, or portions of the body 1007; the one or more heat sinks are adapted to transfer heat from one or more curing light source components to a set of heat dissipation chambers that may be formed in part of the body 1007 or integrated into part of the body 1007.

[0128] In some exemplary embodiments, the airflow module 1004 includes a plurality of chambers formed within the sidewall of the body or frame, the chambers being adapted to guide airflow generated within the curing chamber 1001 of the device 1000. For example, in some exemplary embodiments, a first airflow can be generated through a first set of air inlets of the curing chamber, and a second airflow can be generated through a second set of air inlets of the curing chamber. In some embodiments, the first set of air inlets may be adapted to guide the first airflow through the curing chamber, while the second set of air inlets may be adapted to guide the second airflow through a first set of heat dissipation chambers, the first set of heat dissipation chambers being adapted to receive the first airflow from the curing chamber.

[0129] Turning now to the next set of figures, exemplary embodiments of the device 1000 (including embodiments of the various components) will be referenced. Figures 19B to 35 To be discussed and described.

[0130] Figure 19B An exemplary embodiment of a post-curing apparatus 1000 is shown, which includes: a frame assembly 100a, a front cover 200, a drawer 300, an inner cover 400, an air chamber assembly 500, a rear cover plate 600, a front cover plate 700, a top metal plate 800, and a bottom metal plate 900. rack assembly

[0131] Figure 20 An exemplary embodiment of the rack assembly 100 is shown. In some exemplary embodiments, the rack assembly 100a includes a rack 10 and one or more light source assemblies 20. In some exemplary embodiments, the rack assembly 100a further includes a pair of guide rail assemblies 30.

[0132] In some exemplary embodiments, the frame 10 is adapted to be a hollow structure, wherein the hollow space extends along the longitudinal axis of the frame 10. In some exemplary embodiments, the hollow space within the frame 10 is divided into one or more insertion spaces 11, a heating chamber 12, and one or more auxiliary chambers 13. In some exemplary embodiments, the frame includes two auxiliary chambers 13.

[0133] The insertion space 11 is adapted to have multiple portions. In some exemplary embodiments, the insertion space 11 may have only one portion. The insertion space 11 is adapted to accommodate a light source assembly, wherein the light source assembly 20 is accommodated in a portion of the insertion space 11. In some exemplary embodiments, the insertion space 11 may have a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion of the insertion space 11 is adapted to run along one side wall of the drawer 300, and the second portion is adapted to run along the opposite side wall of the drawer 300. In exemplary embodiments, the insertion space 11 may have an even number of portions to ensure uniform light distribution. For example, and without limiting the scope of the invention, the insertion space 11 may be adapted to have an even number of portions, wherein each pair of portions is located on the opposite side wall of the drawer 300. In another embodiment, it may be more preferable to employ an insertion space 11 with six portions to accommodate more light source assemblies 20, thereby enhancing light intensity while also ensuring uniform light distribution. Light source components

[0134] In some exemplary embodiments, one or more light source components 20 include a heat sink 22 and an LED panel 21, wherein the LED panel 21 is fixed to the heat sink. In some exemplary embodiments, the heat sink 22 is configured to have a plurality of ridges 121, wherein these ridges 121 are configured to adapt to and be positioned in a recess 101 of the frame 10.

[0135] One or more light source assemblies 20 are adapted to be inserted along a groove 101 into one or more insertion spaces 11 of the rack 10, wherein the groove 101 is adapted to securely hold the one or more light source assemblies 20. The number of light source assemblies may match or be less than the number of insertion spaces 11, wherein each insertion space 11 is adapted to accommodate a light source assembly, but this is not required. Thus, the rack of the post-curing apparatus according to the invention may include one or more light source assemblies 20. In an exemplary embodiment, the number of light source assemblies is even to ensure that each pair of light source assemblies is symmetrically arranged with respect to each other, thereby ensuring that both sides of the drawer 300 are illuminated. In some exemplary embodiments, six light source assemblies 20 are used to enhance light intensity and ensure uniform light distribution. In some exemplary embodiments, three light source assemblies 20 are located in the top portion of the rack 10, and another three light source assemblies 20 are located in the bottom portion of the rack 10.

[0136] In some exemplary embodiments, a number of LEDs may be uniformly located on the LED panel 21. In some exemplary embodiments, the LEDs located on the LED panel 21 may be a combination of LEDs with wavelengths of 365 nm and 385 nm. In some exemplary embodiments, the combination of LEDs may vary depending on the materials used. For example, without limiting the scope of the invention, LEDs may have different combinations, such as 365 nm and 405 nm, or 385 nm and 405 nm. Any combination of two or more wavelengths between 365 nm, 385 nm, 405 nm, or other wavelengths may be used.

[0137] For example, and without limiting the scope of the invention, materials printed using an LCD 3D printer typically cure well at a wavelength of 405 nm, therefore 3D printed parts from these materials would be more suitable for a combination of 365 nm and 405 nm LED lights. Those skilled in the art will know that some general-purpose materials typically cure better at 385 nm or 405 nm. In another embodiment, but without limiting the scope of the invention, using a combination of 385 nm and 405 nm LED lights can provide greater versatility for the post-curing apparatus 1000.

[0138] In some exemplary embodiments, the LED panel further includes UVC LEDs adapted to emit short-wavelength ultraviolet light for sterilizing the 3D-printed parts. In some exemplary embodiments, the UVC LEDs typically have a wavelength range from 100 nanometers to 280 nanometers. In some exemplary embodiments, the wavelength of the UVC LEDs is between 200 nanometers and 280 nanometers. Within this range, ultraviolet light can alter the genetic material of microorganisms and interfere with their reproductive ability, thereby achieving a sterilizing effect. In exemplary embodiments, the UVC LEDs are located in the blank spaces of the LED panel 21 and are used after the post-curing process to avoid uneven light intensity during post-curing.

[0139] In some exemplary embodiments, the guide rail assembly 30 includes a mounting plate 21 and a pair of guide rails 32 mounted on the mounting plate 31. In some exemplary embodiments, the pair of guide rails 32 is adapted to facilitate the removal of a drawer 300, wherein the drawer 300 includes a platform. In some exemplary embodiments, the drawer system includes a pair of guide rails 32 to facilitate the removal of the platform from the heating chamber 12 along the longitudinal axis of the heating chamber 12. In some exemplary embodiments, the guide rail assembly 30 is located at a central position along the side wall of the frame 10. In some exemplary embodiments, the pair of guide rails 32 is adapted to receive the drawer 300, wherein receiving the drawer 300 divides the heating chamber 12 into an upper region and a lower region.

[0140] In some exemplary embodiments, the mounting plate 31 has one or more vents 33. The mounting plate 31 is adapted to be inserted into and secured along a groove 102 of the frame 10. The upper and lower edges of the mounting plate 31 are adapted to be secured along the groove 102 of the frame to form an auxiliary chamber 13 together with the sidewall of the frame 10. In some exemplary embodiments, the frame 10 of the post-curing apparatus 1000 according to the invention includes two auxiliary chambers 13a, 13b. In some exemplary embodiments, the auxiliary chambers 13a, 13b and a first set of heating chambers 12 are interconnected via one or more vents 33 located on the mounting plate, wherein the one or more vents 33 are adapted to facilitate the flow of hot air from the auxiliary chambers 13a, 13b to the first set of heat dissipation chambers 201. In some exemplary embodiments, the flow of hot air through the one or more vents 33 facilitates uniform heating of the 3D printed part to be cured.

[0141] Figure 23 It shows Figure 21 Cross-sectional view of the BB region. Figure 23 A more detailed view of region C is shown below. (The light source component 20 in the lower left corner is indicated by a dashed line to show the insertion space 11.)

[0142] Figure 23An exemplary embodiment of the rack assembly 100a in its assembled state is shown. More specifically, Figure 23 An exemplary embodiment is shown, comprising one or more insertion spaces 11 within a rack 10, a heating chamber 12, and two auxiliary chambers 13a and 13b. In some exemplary embodiments, the heating chamber 12 may be divided into upper and lower regions, wherein the upper and lower regions are separated by a drawer 300 (e.g., see...). Figure 33 In some exemplary embodiments, one or more insertion spaces 11 are located along the upper and lower regions of the rack assembly 100a. In some exemplary embodiments, one or more insertion spaces 11 include the upper and lower walls of the rack 10. In some exemplary embodiments, as in... Figure 5 As shown, one or more insertion spaces are located at both ends of the rack assembly 11.

[0143] Figure 24 A perspective view of the front cover 200 and the front cover plate 700 in an assembled state is shown in an exemplary embodiment. Figure 25 An exploded view of the front cover 200 and the front cover plate 700 in an assembled state is shown in an exemplary embodiment. Figure 26 Another perspective view of the front cover 200 and the front cover plate 700 in an exemplary embodiment is shown.

[0144] Figure 27 This illustrates a front cover 200 and a front cover plate 700 in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 24 A cross-sectional view of the CC region.

[0145] like Figure 24-27 As shown, in an exemplary embodiment, the front cover 200 is adapted to be directly fixed to the front of the frame 10. In some exemplary embodiments, the front cover 200 has a plurality of chamber structures to facilitate fixing the front cover 200 to the front of the frame 10. For example, and without limiting the scope of the invention, the plurality of chamber structures are adapted to conform to the shape of one or more insertion spaces 11 (or light source assemblies 20 located within one or more insertion spaces 11), auxiliary chambers 13, etc. In some exemplary embodiments, the front cover 200 is adapted to be directly fixed to the front of the frame 10 to facilitate the discharge of hot air from the post-curing device 1000.

[0146] In some exemplary embodiments, the front cover 200 further includes a plurality of ribs 211 extending along the length of the frame assembly 100a. In some exemplary embodiments, the plurality of ribs are located at or near the intersection of the heating chamber 12, the auxiliary chamber 13, the insertion space 11, and the corresponding light source assembly 20 inserted therein. In some exemplary embodiments, the plurality of ribs are adapted to separate hot airflow and facilitate flow direction. In some exemplary embodiments, the plurality of ribs 211 are adapted to guide the hot airflow through various channels to different areas, exiting from the post-curing device 1000. In some exemplary embodiments, the plurality of ribs 211 are adapted to be structurally positioned to create channels to facilitate the flow of hot airflow within the post-curing device 1000 according to the invention. In some exemplary embodiments, the central portion of the plurality of ribs 211 may have a recess 212, wherein the recess includes two beveled edges to further facilitate the flow of hot airflow in different directions.

[0147] In some exemplary embodiments, such as Figure 27 As shown, the front cover 200 is divided into multiple chambers by a plurality of ribs 211: a first heat dissipation chamber 201, a secondary heat dissipation chamber 202, and a third heat dissipation chamber 203. In some exemplary embodiments, the front cover 200 may be further divided into a fourth heat dissipation chamber 204 by the plurality of ribs 211.

[0148] In some exemplary embodiments, a first heat dissipation chamber 201 is located along a side wall of the post-curing apparatus 1000 according to the invention. In some exemplary embodiments, the first heat dissipation chamber 201 is adapted to be connected to an auxiliary chamber 13. In some exemplary embodiments, the first heat dissipation chamber is adapted to be thermally connected to the auxiliary chamber 13 to exhaust hot airflow from a central side region of the post-curing apparatus 1000. In some exemplary embodiments, the auxiliary chamber 13 is adapted to facilitate hot airflow through the first heat dissipation chamber 201.

[0149] In some exemplary embodiments, the post-curing apparatus 1000 of the present invention includes a stop member 213, wherein the stop member 213 is located on the front side of the first heat dissipation chamber 201, near the front cover plate 700. In some exemplary embodiments, the stop member 213 extends vertically to a plurality of ribs 211 and is adapted to guide hot airflow from a side region, including a middle side region, along the width direction of the post-curing apparatus 1000 according to the present invention.

[0150] In some exemplary embodiments, the post-curing apparatus 1000 according to the invention includes one or more secondary heat dissipation chambers 202, wherein the one or more secondary heat dissipation chambers 202 are adapted to interconnect with the insertion space 11 (or the light source assembly 20) to exhaust hot airflow from side regions, including the intermediate regions of the upper and lower portions of each side of the post-curing apparatus 1000 according to the invention. In some exemplary embodiments, the one or more secondary heat dissipation chambers 202 are located at the corners of the rack assembly 100a. In some exemplary embodiments, the post-curing apparatus 1000 according to the invention includes four secondary heat dissipation chambers 202, each secondary heat dissipation chamber 202 being located at one of the four corners of the rack assembly 100a. In some exemplary embodiments, one secondary heat dissipation chamber is connected to the right-side insertion space 11 (or the light source assembly 20), and another secondary heat dissipation chamber is connected to the left-side insertion space 11 (or the light source assembly 20).

[0151] In some exemplary embodiments, the post-curing apparatus 1000 according to the invention includes a third set of heat dissipation chambers 203, wherein the third set of heat dissipation chambers 203 is adapted to communicate with the middle portion of one or more insertion spaces 11 (or one or more light source assemblies 20) to discharge hot airflow from upper and lower regions. In some exemplary embodiments, the third set of heat dissipation chambers is defined by a space between one or more ribs 211. In some exemplary embodiments, one or more ribs 211 defining the third set of heat dissipation chambers may have a recess located at the middle position of one or more ribs 211 and adapted to facilitate the discharge of hot airflow to outlets on both sides of the post-curing apparatus 1000 according to the invention. In some exemplary embodiments, the recess 212 formed at the recess may be as follows: Figure 27 The V-shape shown.

[0152] In some exemplary embodiments, the post-curing apparatus 1000 according to the present invention may include one or more fourth heat dissipation chambers 204, wherein the one or more fourth heat dissipation chambers 204 are located in the space below the screen 802 of the top metal plate 800. Figures 24-27 (Not shown in the image) is used to facilitate the dissipation of heat generated by screen 802.

[0153] In some exemplary embodiments, the front cover 700 may serve as an alternative to a stop member, wherein the front cover 700 may be adapted to change the direction of hot airflow and facilitate the exhaust of hot airflow from the post-curing apparatus or chamber 1000 according to the invention. In some exemplary embodiments, the front cover 700 is made of one or more flame-retardant materials. For example, and without limiting the scope of the invention, the front cover 700 may be made of PC-6610 or other flame-retardant materials that meet the V-0 rating according to the ISO 75 / A heat distortion test (125°C for unannealed materials and 140°C for annealed materials).

[0154] In some exemplary embodiments, the post-curing apparatus according to the invention may include a stop member 213 disposed in a side region of one or more main heat dissipation chambers 201, and may further include a similar stop member disposed on the front side of the chamber. In some exemplary embodiments, the similar stop member may be located on the front side of the chamber, replacing the front cover 700, wherein the similar stop member may be adapted to facilitate a change in the direction of hot airflow. In some exemplary embodiments, the stop member 213 may be integrated within the front cover 200. In some exemplary embodiments, the stop member 213 may be separately molded and attached to the rib 211.

[0155] Figure 28 A perspective view of the inner cover 400 of the curing apparatus 1000 according to the present invention is shown, wherein surface A faces the air chamber assembly 500 and surface B faces the frame assembly 100a.

[0156] In some exemplary embodiments, the inner cover 400 may include multiple air inlets or multiple sets of air inlets. For example, and without limiting the scope of the invention, the inner cover 400 may include a first set of air inlets 401 and a second set of air inlets 402.

[0157] In some exemplary embodiments, the post-curing apparatus 1000 according to the present invention includes a first set of air inlets 401, wherein the first set of air inlets 401 may be adapted to be connected to the rear side of the heating chamber 12 (see...). Figure 22 and Figure 23 In some exemplary embodiments, the first set of air inlets 401 may be adapted to connect to the upper part of the heating chamber 12. In some exemplary embodiments, the first set of air inlets 401 may be equipped with a heater housing element 420. Figure 28 (not shown in the image) and heating element 421 ( Figure 28 (not shown in the figure), wherein the heating element 421 is adapted to heat the airflow, and the heater housing element 420 is adapted to uniformly distribute the heated airflow to various regions of the heating chamber 12.

[0158] In some exemplary embodiments, the post-curing device 1000 according to the invention further includes a second set of air inlets 402, wherein the second set of air inlets 402 is configured to connect to the rear side of the insertion space 11 (or the optical assembly 20) (see...). Figure 22 and Figure 23In some exemplary embodiments, each air inlet of the second set of air inlets 402 may be adapted to mate with one or more insertion spaces 11 (or one or more light source assemblies 20). In some exemplary embodiments, the second set of air inlets 402 is designed to have a structure complementary in shape to one or more insertion spaces 11 (or one or more light source assemblies 20), wherein the second set of air inlets 402 can precisely engage with one or more insertion spaces 11 (or light source assemblies 20) when the inner cover 400 is secured to the rear of the frame 10. In some exemplary embodiments, the second set of air inlets is adapted to facilitate the exhaust of hot air generated by the light source assemblies 20 in the frame assembly 100a. In some exemplary embodiments, the second airflow, or the airflow guided through the second set of air inlets 402, flows directly to the heat sink 22 of one or more light source assemblies 20 to facilitate the exhaust of heat absorbed by the heat sink 22 from the post-curing apparatus 1000.

[0159] In some exemplary embodiments, the inner cover 400 may be equipped with one or more microswitches 411, temperature sensors 412 and light intensity sensors 413 on surface B.

[0160] In some exemplary embodiments, one or more microswitches 411 may be located in the central region of the inner cover 400. For example, and without limiting the scope of the invention, in some exemplary embodiments, when the user has finished placing the 3D printed part to be cured and closes the drawer 300 (see... Figure 20 When the drawer 300 is not closed or one or more switches 411 are not triggered, the micro switch 411 will be activated at the rear end of the drawer 300. In some exemplary embodiments, the post-curing apparatus 1000 according to the present invention may require the triggering of one or more micro switches 411 as a prerequisite for activating the light source assembly 20 and the heating element 421. In some exemplary embodiments, the light source assembly 20 and the heating element 421 will not be activated when the drawer 300 is not closed or when one or more switches 411 are not triggered.

[0161] In some exemplary embodiments, the post-curing apparatus according to the present invention may include a temperature sensor 412, wherein the temperature sensor is adapted to monitor the temperature within the heating chamber 12 to ensure that the temperature of the heating chamber 12 is maintained within a predetermined threshold range. In some exemplary embodiments, the predetermined threshold range of the heating chamber 12 is from 24°C to 80°C. In some exemplary embodiments, the predetermined threshold range of the heating chamber 12 is above 60°C but below 80°C.

[0162] In some exemplary embodiments, the predetermined threshold range and other relevant temperature threshold settings can vary depending on the material of the 3D printed part to be cured. In some exemplary embodiments, the post-curing apparatus 1000 according to the invention includes a control system adapted to store a plurality of predetermined temperature threshold ranges corresponding to different materials. In some exemplary embodiments, a user can select the material of the 3D printed part to be cured on screen 802 before starting the post-curing process, thereby enabling the control system to select an appropriate predetermined temperature threshold range based on the user's selection.

[0163] In some exemplary embodiments, the post-curing apparatus 1000 according to the present invention may include a light intensity sensor 413, wherein the light intensity sensor 413 is adapted to monitor the light intensity within the heating chamber 12 to ensure that the light intensity is within a threshold range that meets the curing requirements of the 3D printed part to be cured. In some exemplary embodiments, the light intensity sensor 413 is adapted to have multiple programmable settings. In some exemplary embodiments, the control system may be adapted to implement an algorithm to dynamically adjust the light intensity based on feedback received from the light intensity sensor 413. In some exemplary embodiments, the light intensity in the heating chamber 12 is controlled to remain at 150 mW / cm². 2 The above describes the process. In some exemplary embodiments, the light intensity in the heating chamber 12 is controlled within a predetermined threshold. In some exemplary embodiments, when the light intensity detected by the light intensity sensor 413 exceeds or falls below the predetermined threshold, the control system is adapted to trigger an algorithm that compares the current light intensity reading with the factory reading and increases or decreases the light intensity by increasing or decreasing the current supplied to the LED panel 21, thereby compensating for the excess or lost light intensity. In some exemplary embodiments, when a particular LED light is damaged or malfunctions, a current reading feedback mechanism on the driver board is adapted to detect any damage or malfunction and issue an alarm to the user on the screen, instructing the user to repair or replace the corresponding faulty LED light or light source assembly 20.

[0164] In some exemplary embodiments, when the LED panel 21 (see...) Figure 22 When one or more LEDs on the lamp 21 age or are damaged, the light intensity sensor 413 can detect light intensity below a predetermined threshold. In some exemplary embodiments, in a constant voltage power supply, the current flowing through the aged or damaged LED 21 will decrease, resulting in reduced light intensity and uniformity, thereby affecting the light reaching the drawer 300 (see...). Figure 20Uniformity of each region. Therefore, in some exemplary embodiments, when the light intensity sensor 413 detects that the light intensity is below a predetermined threshold, the control system is adapted to check the current through each LED, determine its aging or damaged state, and ultimately notify the user to perform maintenance or replacement. Alternatively, the control system can increase the current supplied to the LED panel 21 by increasing the current output to compensate for the light intensity loss. The above mechanisms are listed as examples only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other dynamic or pre-programmed mechanisms of the post-curing device 1000 according to the invention may also exist for responding to situations where the light intensity detection exceeds the predetermined threshold.

[0165] In some exemplary embodiments, when aging LEDs are present, the light intensity sensor 413 can detect a decrease in light intensity, and the control system can also detect a similar decrease in the supply current. In some exemplary embodiments, the control system of the post-curing apparatus 1000 can be adapted to increase the overall current value to restore the light intensity to a predetermined threshold range.

[0166] Figure 29A A front view of surface A of the inner cover 400 of the post-curing device according to the present invention is shown. Figure 29B A front view of the surface B of the inner cover 400 of the post-curing device according to the present invention is shown.

[0167] In some exemplary embodiments, such as Figure 29A and 29B As shown, the inner cover 400 of the post-curing device 1000 according to the present invention may include a third set of air inlets 403, wherein the third set of air inlets is located on the upper part of the inner cover 400. In some exemplary embodiments, the third set of air inlets 403 extends at both ends along the length direction of the post-curing device 1000 according to the present invention. In some exemplary embodiments, the front cover 200 may further include a fourth set of heat dissipation chambers 204 (see...). Figures 24 to 27 The fourth heat dissipation chamber 204 is defined by the space between the bottom of the top metal plate 800 and the upper boundary of the frame 10.

[0168] In some exemplary embodiments, the third set of air inlets 403 is adapted to facilitate the removal of heat generated from the screen 802. In some exemplary embodiments, the third set of air inlets 403 is connected to the rear panel of the screen 802. In some exemplary embodiments, airflow helps remove heat generated by the screen 802 and can enter through the third set of air inlets 403, which is interconnected with the space below the screen 802.

[0169] Figure 30An exploded view of a heater housing element 420 and a heating element 421 located on an inner cover 400, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, is shown. In some exemplary embodiments, the heater housing element 420 and the heating element 421 can be mounted to the inner cover 400 via a heater cover 422.

[0170] In some exemplary embodiments, the heating element 421 may be a PTC air heater, which mainly includes a PTC ceramic heating plate and an aluminum heat sink. In some exemplary embodiments, the first airflow or the airflow entering the heating chamber 12 through the first air inlet 401 is adapted to remove the heat from the aluminum heat sink and preheat the heating chamber 12.

[0171] In some exemplary embodiments, the control system may monitor the temperature of the heating chamber 12 and determine whether to activate the heating element 421 and / or adjust its power based on the detected temperature. In some exemplary embodiments, the control system may determine the duration of the initial preheating based on a preset temperature-time curve. For example, and without limiting the scope of the invention, when the power of the heating element is 180W, the preheating duration may be 60 seconds.

[0172] In some exemplary embodiments, the heater housing element 420 may include a plurality of blades with different angles, capable of dispersing the hot airflow along its length in various directions. In some exemplary embodiments, dispersing the hot airflow along its length in different directions helps to uniformly heat the upper part of the heating chamber 12.

[0173] In some exemplary embodiments, the heater housing element 420 may have 3 to 5 blades, and the angle between each blade may be 36° to 60°. In some exemplary embodiments, the angle between each blade may be less than 36° or greater than 60°.

[0174] Figure 31 An exploded view of the drawer 300 of the post-curing device according to the present invention is shown; Figure 32 An exemplary top view of drawer 300 and a detailed view in area D are shown.

[0175] In some exemplary embodiments, such as Figure 31 and 32 As shown, drawer 300 includes drawer body 301, door panel 302, and handle 303. In some exemplary embodiments, drawer body 301 further includes drawer frame 311 and platform 312, wherein platform 312 is configured to hold 3D printed parts to be cured and is detachably placed on drawer frame 311: drawer frame 311 has a pre-reserved gap at the contact point with door panel 302 and has an internal structural gap adapted to facilitate the flow of hot air from the top to the bottom of drawer body 301.

[0176] In some exemplary embodiments, the heating chamber 12 is adapted to receive the drawer body 301. In some exemplary embodiments, the drawer body 301 is located within the heating chamber 12 to divide the heating chamber 12 into upper and lower parts (see...). Figure 20 In some exemplary embodiments, the first airflow, or the airflow from the first set of air inlets 401, is heated by the heating element 421 before entering the upper part of the heating chamber 12. In some exemplary embodiments, the first airflow, or the airflow from the first set of air inlets 401, enters the lower part of the heating chamber 12 through a reserved gap after being heated. In some exemplary embodiments, the reserved gap is adapted to facilitate the movement of the first airflow, or the airflow from the first set of air inlets, from the upper part to the lower part of the heating chamber 12, thereby achieving uniform heating of the upper and lower surfaces of the platform 312.

[0177] Figure 33 It shows Figure 19B A cross-sectional view at point AA. More specifically, Figure 33 Various airflow paths are shown during the operation of the heating and cooling systems of an exemplary post-curing apparatus 1000 according to the present invention.

[0178] In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in Figure 19 and Figure 33 As shown, the rear cover 600 is detachably attached to the rear side of the airbox assembly 500. In some exemplary embodiments, the airbox assembly 500 includes one or more fans 501, wherein the one or more fans 501 facilitate the introduction of one or more airflows from the external environment into the airbox assembly 500. In some exemplary embodiments, the rear cover 600 includes openings that allow air to enter the post-curing device 1000.

[0179] In some exemplary embodiments, the front cover 200, top metal plate 800, and bottom metal plate 900 include holes for facilitating the exhaust of hot air from the post-curing apparatus 1000 according to the invention. In some exemplary embodiments, the positions of the holes on the rear cover 600, front cover 200, top metal plate 800, and bottom metal plate 900 are determined by the position of one or more fans 501 and / or the direction of one or more airflows. In some exemplary embodiments, the rear cover 600 is covered with a high-density of holes. In some exemplary embodiments, the top metal plate 800 and bottom metal plate 900 are covered with a high-density of holes in their top and bottom heat dissipation areas, such as... Figure 33As shown, both heat dissipation areas are located at the front of the post-curing apparatus 1000 according to the present invention. In some exemplary embodiments, the top metal plate 800 and / or the bottom metal plate 900 of the post-curing apparatus 1000 according to the present invention may have a uniform pore density on their respective portions. In some exemplary embodiments, the pore density of the top and bottom heat dissipation areas is adapted to control the flow rate of each airflow within the post-curing apparatus 1000.

[0180] In some exemplary embodiments, the inner cover 400 (see Figure 29A , 29B The inner cover 400 may include several sets of air inlets. For example, and without limiting the scope of the invention, the inner cover 400 may include a first, second, and third set of air inlets. In some exemplary embodiments, one or more fans are adapted to guide airflow from the external environment into the airbox assembly 500. In some exemplary embodiments, the airflow entering the airbox assembly 500 is then further divided into two or more airflows by the inner cover 400. In some exemplary embodiments, the inner cover 400 may divide the airflow into a first airflow, a second airflow, and a third airflow, wherein the first airflow, the second airflow, and the third airflow respectively enter the heating chamber 12, the heat sink 22, and the lower space of the screen 802.

[0181] In some exemplary embodiments, the post-curing apparatus 1000 according to the present invention may include a plurality of fans 501. In some exemplary embodiments, each of the plurality of fans 501 may correspond to one or more sets of air inlets. In some exemplary embodiments, each of the plurality of fans 501 may be individually adjustable.

[0182] Figure 34 An exploded view of the front cover 200 and the rear curing device 1000 is shown. More specifically, Figure 34 The various airflow paths from the heat sink 22 and auxiliary chamber 13 through the front cover 200 to the outside of the post-curing device 1000 are described.

[0183] Figure 35 It shows in Figure 34 A cross-sectional view of the front cover of an exemplary embodiment at DD.

[0184] In some exemplary embodiments, the first airflow or the airflow guided through the first set of air inlets 401 will be continuously heated by the heating element 421 and circulated evenly to various regions of the upper part of the heating chamber 12.

[0185] Subsequently, the heated first airflow passes through multiple gaps on the front side of drawer 300 (see...). Figure 32 and Figure 33The first airflow is directed to the lower part of the heating chamber 12, where it is directed to heat the bottom of the 3D printed part to be cured on the platform 312. The heated first airflow then passes through a vent 33 on the inner cover 31 (see...). Figure 22 and Figure 23 The heated first airflow is guided from the lower part of the heating chamber 12 to one or more auxiliary chambers 13. The one or more auxiliary chambers 13 deliver the heated first airflow to the first set of heat dissipation chambers 201, and the first set of heat dissipation chambers 201 subsequently guides the heated first airflow to corresponding heat dissipation areas 801, 901. In some exemplary embodiments, the heat dissipation areas are located on the side regions of the device (e.g., see...). Figure 27 The heat dissipation areas include a central region on the side, along the width direction of the post-curing device, adapted to guide hot airflow to the side and facilitate the exhaust of hot air from the lower side of the device—for example, to the side of the top metal plate 800 or the side of the bottom metal plate 900. In some exemplary embodiments, the heat dissipation areas may be located at the top or bottom of the device or other areas suitable for heat dissipation, without departing from the scope of the invention. Cooling system

[0186] In some exemplary embodiments, the second airflow, or airflow through the second set of air inlets 402 on the inner housing 400, enters the heat sink 22 and absorbs the heat generated by the LED panel 21. In some exemplary embodiments, the heated second airflow is transmitted to the front cover 200, wherein the front cover 200 is adapted to exhaust the hot airflow from the device.

[0187] In some exemplary embodiments, six light source assemblies 20 are inserted into the rack 10 (see [link]). Figure 22 Each light source assembly 20 includes a heat sink 22. Correspondingly, the front cover 200 includes a second set of heat dissipation chambers 202 adapted to facilitate the removal of heat from the heat sinks 22 on the left and right sides. In some exemplary embodiments, the cooling system further includes a third set of heat dissipation chambers 203 adapted to facilitate the removal of heat from the heat sink 22 located in the center. Hot airflow heated by the heat sinks 22 is directed from the front cover 200 to densely packed holes (e.g., heat dissipation areas 801, 901) on the front side of the top metal plate 800 and the bottom metal plate 900, and exits from the post-curing device 1000.

[0188] Furthermore, airflow can also reach the bottom space of the screen 802 through the third air inlet 403 on the inner cover 400, and be discharged from the upper side of the heat dissipation area 801 of the top metal plate 800.

[0189] In some exemplary embodiments, the post-curing process includes:

[0190] S101: Activate the heating element 421 (e.g., PTC air heater) and fan 501 to continuously preheat the heating chamber 12 for a period of 60 seconds, and the predetermined temperature preferably reaches 60°C or higher.

[0191] S102: Activate the light source assembly 20 to perform post-curing of the 3D printed part to be cured for a specified time (depending on the selected material).

[0192] S103: Adjust the speed of fan 501 to continuously cool the curing device at a lower speed.

[0193] When the temperature sensor 412 detects that the temperature of the heating chamber 12 has reached 80°C, the heating element 421 will be adjusted to a lower wattage to provide less heat to the chamber. However, the fan 501 will continue to blow cold air into the heating chamber 12.

[0194] Once curing is complete, the light source assembly 20 and heating element 421 will be deactivated, except for fan 501. Fan 501 will continuously blow cool air into the post-curing unit 1000 to remove heat from the system, allowing the user to safely remove the 3D printed part. Once temperature sensor 412 detects that the temperature of the heating chamber 12 has dropped to 30°C, fan 501 will be reduced to its lowest setting.

[0195] Furthermore, in some exemplary embodiments, the method may include multiple steps:

[0196] A post-curing apparatus with heating and cooling systems has been described. The foregoing description of various exemplary embodiments of the invention is for illustrative and disclosure purposes. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Based on the foregoing teachings, many modifications and variations are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for post-curing three-dimensional (3D) printed objects, comprising: A curing chamber, formed by a main body with a detachable platform, is adapted to receive 3D printed parts; One or more curing light components are coupled to the body and adapted to emit curing light onto the 3D printed part; an airflow module is used to generate airflow within the curing chamber; and A heating module is adapted to control the temperature of the airflow; The airflow module and the heating module are configured to simultaneously dissipate residual heat from the curing chamber and heat the airflow circulating within the curing chamber to promote the curing of the 3D printed object.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more optical components are insertably accommodated in one or more insertion spaces formed within the body wall.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the airflow module comprises a plurality of chambers formed within the main body wall.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a drawer system adapted to remove the removable platform from the curing chamber.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the heating module includes a heating element adapted to receive a portion of the airflow generated by the airflow module.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the heating module is adapted to preheat the curing chamber.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the heating module further comprises a housing element adapted to disperse the heated airflow within the heating chamber of the body.

8. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of chambers formed within the body wall is a heat dissipation chamber, and the airflow module is adapted to guide a portion of the airflow through the heat dissipation chamber.

9. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of chambers formed within the main body wall are auxiliary chambers, the auxiliary chambers being adapted to promote uniform heating of the 3D printed part.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the one or more curing light components are coupled to one or more heat sinks, the one or more heat sinks being adapted to transfer heat from the one or more curing light components to at least one or more of the heat dissipation chambers.

11. An apparatus for post-curing three-dimensional (3D) printed objects, comprising: A curing chamber, formed by a main body with a detachable platform, is adapted to receive 3D printed parts; One or more curing light components are housed in one or more insertion spaces formed within the body wall and are adapted to emit curing light onto the 3D printed part; An airflow module includes multiple chambers formed within the sidewall of the main body for generating airflow within the curing chamber; and A heating module is adapted to control the temperature of the airflow; The airflow module and the heating module are configured to simultaneously dissipate residual heat from the curing chamber and heat the airflow circulating within the curing chamber to promote the curing of the 3D printed object.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising: A heat dissipation chamber is located along the side wall of the main body; and The auxiliary chamber of the main body is thermally connected to the heat dissipation chamber, wherein: The heat dissipation chamber is adapted to exhaust hot airflow from the curing chamber; and The auxiliary chamber is adapted to facilitate the flow of hot air through the first heat dissipation chamber.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising a cover that includes at least a portion of the heat dissipation chamber.

14. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the one or more optical components are insertably accommodated in a portion of each of the one or more insertion spaces.

15. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the one or more insertion spaces are adapted to have multiple portions.

16. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the airflow module includes a set of air inlets adapted to facilitate the removal of heat from the display screen.

17. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the one or more insertion spaces comprise a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion is adapted to operate along one side wall of a drawer receiving the removable platform, and the second portion is adapted to operate along the other side wall of the drawer.

18. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the heating module is adapted to preheat the curing chamber.

19. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the heating module further comprises a housing element adapted to disperse the heated airflow within the heating chamber of the body.

20. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of chambers formed within the main body wall is an auxiliary chamber adapted to promote uniform heating of the 3D printed part.

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