An automatic ID configuration circuit for multiple slave controllers in a battery management system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of electronic technology, specifically to an automatic ID configuration circuit for multiple slave controllers in a battery management system. The circuit includes a main board and several slave boards, which are connected in series and electrically connected to the main board. Each slave board is electrically connected to a battery box. Each slave board is equipped with a configuration resistor R1, an AD sampling module group, and a main chip MCU. The main chip MCU obtains the slave board ID code by dividing the voltage across the resistor by the voltage drop across the configuration resistor R1, and transmits the ID code and the voltage information to the slave board. This invention requires only one power supply from the main board, and the multiple slave boards are connected in series, simplifying assembly, eliminating signal transmission, and providing strong anti-interference capabilities. The main board power supply output does not require separate isolation, and the slave board hardware only needs two ADCs for acquisition, resulting in low chip resource consumption. The slave board hardware and software are identical and can be directly replaced, reducing inventory pressure. Furthermore, no additional ID configuration is required, improving system stability and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an automatic configuration circuit, and more particularly to an automatic ID configuration circuit for multiple slave controllers in a battery management system, belonging to the field of electronic technology. Background Technology

[0002] In existing distributed circuit systems, such as battery management systems, there is usually a main board and multiple slave boards. Each slave board corresponds to a battery box and is used to monitor relevant battery parameters.

[0003] To enable the motherboard to accurately identify and communicate with each slave board, each slave board needs to be configured with a unique ID code. However, traditional ID code configuration methods often require manual intervention, which is not only inefficient but also prone to errors. Furthermore, during system operation, there is a lack of effective means to verify and provide feedback on the ID code information in real time. Once an ID code error occurs, it is difficult to detect and handle it in a timely manner, thereby affecting the stability and reliability of the entire system.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to improve the automatic ID configuration circuit between multiple slave controllers in the battery management system to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic ID configuration circuit for multiple slave controllers in a battery management system. The main board only needs to provide one power supply, and the multiple slave boards are connected in series. The assembly is simple, there is no signal transmission, and the configuration only needs to be performed during power-on initialization. It has strong anti-interference ability, the main board power supply output does not need to be isolated separately, the slave board hardware only needs to use two ADCs for acquisition, the chip resources are small, the slave board hardware and software are the same and can be directly replaced, the inventory pressure is small, and the ID does not need to be configured separately. It can be configured automatically upon power-on, thus improving the stability and reliability of the system.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include: An automatic ID configuration circuit for multiple slave controllers in a battery management system includes a main board and several slave boards, wherein the slave boards are connected in series and electrically connected to the main board, and each slave board is electrically connected to a battery box. The motherboard is equipped with a closing switch module, which is used to control the on / off state of the circuit. The motherboard also has data processing and judgment functions, and can receive and process the information transmitted by the slave board and judge the correctness of the slave board ID encoding information. Each of the slave boards is equipped with a configuration resistor R1, an AD sampling module group, and a main chip MCU. The configuration resistor R1 is used to sample the relevant voltage of the battery box. The AD sampling module group converts the analog voltage signal across the configuration resistor R1 into a digital signal; The main chip MCU calculates the voltage drop across the configuration resistor R1, obtains the slave board ID code by dividing the voltage at the front end of the resistor by the voltage drop, and transmits the ID code and the front and back end voltage information to the slave board.

[0007] Preferably, the AD sampling module group includes ADC sampling module 1 and ADC sampling module 2, with GND set between ADC sampling module 1 and ADC sampling module 2, and ADC sampling module 1 and ADC sampling module 2 are used to collect the voltage difference U1 and U2 between points 1 and 2 on both ends of the configuration resistor R1 and GND; The AD sampling module group has high resolution and high sampling rate, and can accurately convert analog voltage signals into digital signals, meeting the system's requirements for voltage sampling accuracy.

[0008] Preferably, the main chip MCU has pins AD1 and AD2 on one side, the ADC sampling module 1 is electrically connected to pin AD1, and the ADC sampling module 2 is electrically connected to pin AD2; The other side of the main chip MCU is grounded.

[0009] Preferably, the motherboard and the slave board transmit data via wired communication to ensure the accuracy and reliability of ID encoding and voltage information transmission.

[0010] Preferably, the closing switch module is an electronic switch, which can quickly and accurately control the circuit to open and close according to the control signal, ensuring that the circuit system starts working at the appropriate time.

[0011] Preferably, the sampling resistor on the slave board has a resistance greater than 1MΩ, and its resistance value has high accuracy and low temperature coefficient, which can ensure the accuracy and stability of voltage sampling and provide a reliable data foundation for the subsequent generation of ID codes.

[0012] Preferably, the motherboard is provided with a power supply, and the slave board includes slave board 1, slave board 2, slave board 3, ... and slave board N. The positive terminal V+ of the power supply is connected to the slave board N, and the power supply output is connected to the negative terminal GND of the motherboard power supply from slave board 1.

[0013] A method for automatic ID configuration among multiple slave controllers in a battery management system includes the following steps: Step 1: Close the closing switch module on the motherboard to start the circuit system and establish a path between the main motherboard and each slave board; Step 2: The AD sampling module of each slave board samples the voltage across the sampling resistor to obtain the corresponding voltage value; The MCU chip on the slave board calculates the voltage drop across the resistor based on the voltage value across the resistor obtained from the sampling, and then obtains the ID code of the slave board by dividing the voltage drop across the voltage at the front end of the resistor. The ID code and the voltage information at the front and back ends are then transmitted to the motherboard. Step 3: The motherboard receives the ID encoding information transmitted from each slave board and performs judgment and verification on it; Step 4: If the ID encoding information is correct, the ID will be automatically configured successfully, and the motherboard will send a configuration success message to each slave board. If the ID encoding information is incorrect, the ID auto-configuration will fail. The motherboard will send the error information to the corresponding slave board, and the slave board will report the error information. After multiple failed retries, the motherboard will record the error information and report the fault, and the power-on self-test will fail.

[0014] Step 5: After successful ID configuration, the motherboard disconnects the switch module and no further configuration is performed during power-on, reducing power consumption and interference.

[0015] Preferably, when ID auto-configuration fails, the slave board will retry multiple times after receiving the error message from the motherboard, regenerating and transmitting the ID encoding information until the preset retry limit is reached, in order to improve the success rate of ID encoding configuration.

[0016] Preferably, the system records relevant data and operation logs in real time throughout the entire ID coding automatic configuration process, so as to conduct troubleshooting and analysis in case of abnormal situations and ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0017] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The motherboard only needs to provide one power supply, and the multiple slave boards are connected in series, which is simple to assemble, has no signal transmission, and only needs to be configured during power-on initialization. It has strong anti-interference ability, the motherboard power supply output does not need to be isolated separately, the slave board hardware can use two ADCs for acquisition, the chip resources are small, the slave board hardware is the same and can be directly replaced, the inventory pressure is small, and the ID does not need to be configured separately. It can be configured automatically upon power-on, which improves the stability and reliability of the system.

[0018] 2. From the startup of the circuit system to the generation and transmission of ID codes from the board, and then to the verification and feedback of the results by the motherboard, a complete and clear process is formed, which is different from the existing technology. It realizes the automatic configuration and verification of the board ID codes in the circuit system, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the system operation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1This is a circuit diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a system flowchart of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the plate structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the configuration method of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram, 1 is the motherboard; 2 is the slave board; and 3 is the battery box. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following will describe in detail the implementation of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that the implementation process of how this application uses technical means to solve technical problems and achieve technical effects can be fully understood and implemented accordingly.

[0022] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the automatic ID configuration circuit for multiple slave controllers in a battery management system provided in this embodiment includes a main board 1 and several slave boards 2. The several slave boards 2 are connected in series and electrically connected to the main board 1. Each slave board 2 is electrically connected to a battery box 3. After power-on, no additional communication between the master and slave boards is required. The IDs of multiple slave boards are automatically configured. The structure is simple. The main board 1 only needs to provide one power supply. The multiple slave boards 2 are connected in series. The assembly is simple. The configuration only needs to be performed during power-on initialization. The anti-interference capability is strong. The main board 1 is equipped with a closed switch module, which is used to control the on / off state of the circuit. The main board 1 also has data processing and judgment functions, which can receive and process the information transmitted from the slave board 2 and judge the correctness of the slave board ID code information. The closed switch module is an electronic switch, which can quickly and accurately realize the on / off control of the circuit according to the control signal, ensuring that the circuit system starts working at the appropriate time. The main board 1 is responsible for controlling the on / off state of the circuit, data processing and judgment. The main board 1 and the slave board 2 transmit data through wired communication to ensure the accuracy and reliability of ID code and voltage information transmission. Each slave board 2 is equipped with a configuration resistor R1, an AD sampling module group and a main chip MCU. The configuration resistor R1 is used to sample the relevant voltage of the battery box 3. The slave board 2 is responsible for voltage sampling, ID code generation and information transmission, which improves the stability and reliability of the system. The AD sampling module group converts the analog voltage signal across the configuration resistor R1 into a digital signal. The main chip MCU calculates the voltage drop across the configuration resistor R1. The slave board ID code is obtained by dividing the voltage across the resistor by the voltage drop. The ID code and the voltage information of the front and back ends are transmitted to slave board 2. The voltage sampling method of the voltage divider circuit is used for ID code recognition. The ratio of resistor voltage drop to terminal voltage can efficiently and stably identify the position of the sampled resistor in the entire voltage divider circuit, thereby identifying the position of the entire slave board in the lithium battery system, and thus automatically encoding its own ID. The motherboard 1 only needs to provide one power supply. The multiple slave boards 2 are connected in series, which makes assembly simple. There is no signal transmission, and configuration is only required during power-on initialization. It has strong anti-interference capabilities. The motherboard power supply output does not need to be isolated separately. The slave board hardware can use two ADCs for acquisition, which consumes less chip resources. The slave board hardware and software are the same and can be directly replaced, resulting in less inventory pressure. The ID does not need to be configured separately and can be configured automatically upon power-on.

[0023] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the motherboard 1 is equipped with a power supply. The slave boards 2 include slave board 1, slave board 2, slave board 3, ... and slave board N. The positive terminal V+ of the power supply is connected to slave board N, and the power supply continues until slave board 1 outputs to the negative terminal GND of the motherboard power supply. The motherboard 1 provides the power supply and can use conventional voltage as the output. Since the motherboard power supply has multiple outputs, there is no need to add a separate power supply circuit to the motherboard 1. The positive terminal V+ of the power supply is connected to slave board N, where N≥1, i.e., slave board 2 with the largest ID value. After passing through the ID configuration circuit of slave board N, the voltage is divided and output to the previous slave board, which is slave board N-1, and so on, until slave board 1 outputs to the negative terminal GND of the motherboard power supply. The entire multi-slave board structure is a series structure, which simplifies the circuit design, reduces the complexity of the power supply lines, and ensures that each slave board can obtain a stable power supply, which is beneficial to improving the stability and reliability of the entire system.

[0024] Furthermore, such as Figure 3As shown, the AD sampling module group includes ADC sampling module 1 and ADC sampling module 2. A GND setting is established between ADC sampling module 1 and ADC sampling module 2. This GND setting between the two ADC sampling modules helps reduce common-mode interference, improves sampling stability and accuracy, and allows the acquired voltage signal to more accurately reflect the relevant voltage conditions of the battery box. ADC sampling module 1 and ADC sampling module 2 are used to acquire the voltage differences U1 and U2 between points 1 and 2 of the configuration resistor R1 and GND. The AD sampling module group has high resolution and high sampling rate, and can accurately convert analog voltage signals into digital signals, meeting the system's requirements for voltage sampling accuracy. Pins AD1 and AD2 are provided on one side of the main chip MCU. ADC sampling module 1 is electrically connected to pin AD1. ADC sampling module 2 is electrically connected to pin AD2, and the other side of the main chip MCU is grounded, making the entire series circuit conductive. The slave board main chip MCU uses two ADC sampling pins AD1 and AD2 to sample the voltage difference between points 1 and 2 of the configuration resistor R1 and GND through ADC sampling module 1 and ADC sampling module 2, respectively, denoted as U1 and U2. Obviously, U1 > U2, and the difference between the two is ΔU, which is the voltage drop through the configuration resistor R1. U1 / ΔU is the first point of the entire series circuit with respect to GND. In this direction, how many sampling resistors participate in the voltage division, that is, the physical position of the configuration resistor R1 relative to the GND point in the entire series circuit, which is also the actual position of the slave board 2 in the multi-slave board structure. U1 / ΔU can be used as the ID number of this slave board determined by the position of the slave board. To avoid excessive power consumption during the ID configuration phase, the sampling resistor on board 2 has a resistance greater than 1MΩ. Its high resistance accuracy and low temperature coefficient ensure the accuracy and stability of voltage sampling, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent ID encoding generation.

[0025] like Figure 4 As shown in this embodiment, the method for automatic ID configuration among multiple slave controllers in a battery management system includes the following steps: Step 1: Close the closing switch module on the main board 1 to start the circuit system and establish a path between the main board 1 and each slave board 2; Step 2: The AD sampling module of each slave board 2 samples the voltage across the sampling resistor to obtain the corresponding voltage value; The MCU of the main chip on board 2 calculates the voltage drop across the resistor based on the voltage value across the resistor obtained from the sampling, and then obtains the ID code of the slave board 2 by dividing the voltage drop across the voltage at the front end of the resistor. The ID code and the voltage information at the front and back ends are then transmitted to the main board 1. Step 3: The motherboard 1 receives the ID encoding information transmitted from each slave board 2 and performs judgment and verification on it; Step 4: If the ID encoding information is correct, the ID will be automatically configured successfully, and the motherboard 1 will send the configuration success information back to each slave board; If the ID encoding information is incorrect, the ID auto-configuration will fail. The motherboard 1 will send the error information to the corresponding slave board 2, and the slave board 2 will report the error information. After multiple failed retries, the motherboard 1 will record the error information and report the fault, and the power-on self-test will fail. Step 5: After successful ID configuration, the motherboard 1 disconnects the switch module and no longer performs configuration during power-on, reducing power consumption and interference.

[0026] From starting the circuit system to generating and transmitting the ID code from board 2, and then to verifying and feeding back the results from the main board 1, a complete and clear process is formed, which is different from the existing technology. It realizes the automatic configuration and verification of the board ID code in the circuit system, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the system operation. In addition, when ID auto-configuration fails, after receiving the error information from the main board 1, the slave board 2 will retry multiple times, regenerate and transmit the ID encoding information until the preset retry limit is reached, in order to improve the success rate of ID encoding configuration. When ID auto-configuration fails, the slave board will retry multiple times until the preset retry limit is reached. This retry mechanism can improve the success rate of ID encoding configuration and avoid the situation where the entire system cannot operate normally due to a single configuration failure. This demonstrates the invention's fault tolerance and robustness in dealing with abnormal situations. Throughout the entire ID coding automatic configuration process, the system records relevant data and operation logs in real time to facilitate troubleshooting and analysis in case of anomalies, ensuring the stable operation of the system. These recorded data and logs provide important evidence for troubleshooting and analysis when system anomalies occur, helping technicians quickly locate the problem and take corresponding solutions, thus improving the maintainability of the system.

[0027] If certain terms are used in the specification and claims to refer to specific components, those skilled in the art will understand that hardware manufacturers may use different names to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not distinguish components based on differences in name, but rather on differences in function. The term "comprising" as used throughout the specification and claims is an open-ended term and should be interpreted as "comprising but not limited to." "Approximately" means that within an acceptable margin of error, those skilled in the art can solve the technical problem and substantially achieve the technical effect within a certain margin of error.

[0028] It should be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product or system comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a product or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product or system that includes that element.

[0029] The foregoing description illustrates and describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, as previously stated, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the inventive concept described herein through the foregoing teachings or techniques or knowledge in related fields. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An automatic ID configuration circuit for multiple slave controllers in a battery management system, comprising a main board (1) and several slave boards (2), characterized in that, Several slave boards (2) are connected in series and electrically connected to the main board (1), and each slave board (2) is electrically connected to a battery box (3). The main board (1) is provided with a closed switch module, which is used to control the opening and closing of the circuit. The main board (1) has data processing and judgment functions, and can receive and process the information transmitted by the slave board (2) and judge the correctness of the slave board ID encoding information. Each of the slave boards (2) is provided with a configuration resistor R1, an AD sampling module group and a main chip MCU. The configuration resistor R1 is used to sample the relevant voltage of the battery box (3). The AD sampling module group converts the analog voltage signal across the configuration resistor R1 into a digital signal; The main chip MCU calculates the voltage drop across the configuration resistor R1, obtains the slave board ID code by dividing the voltage at the front end of the resistor by the voltage drop, and transmits the ID code and the front and back end voltage information to the slave board (2).

2. The automatic ID configuration circuit for multiple slave controllers in a battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AD sampling module group includes ADC sampling module 1 and ADC sampling module 2. GND is set between ADC sampling module 1 and ADC sampling module 2. ADC sampling module 1 and ADC sampling module 2 are used to collect the voltage difference U1 and U2 between points 1 and 2 of the configuration resistor R1 and GND. The AD sampling module group has high resolution and high sampling rate, and can accurately convert analog voltage signals into digital signals, meeting the system's requirements for voltage sampling accuracy.

3. The automatic ID configuration circuit among multiple slave controllers in a battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main chip MCU has pins AD1 and AD2 on one side. The ADC sampling module 1 is electrically connected to pin AD1, and the ADC sampling module 2 is electrically connected to pin AD2. The other side of the main chip MCU is grounded.

4. The automatic ID configuration circuit among multiple slave controllers in a battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motherboard (1) and the slave board (2) transmit data via wired communication to ensure the accuracy and reliability of ID encoding and voltage information transmission.

5. The automatic ID configuration circuit among multiple slave controllers in a battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The closed switch module is an electronic switch that can quickly and accurately control the circuit's on / off state based on control signals, ensuring that the circuit system starts working at the appropriate time.

6. The automatic ID configuration circuit among multiple slave controllers in a battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling resistor on the slave plate (2) has a resistance greater than 1MΩ, and its resistance accuracy is high and its temperature coefficient is low, which can ensure the accuracy and stability of voltage sampling and provide a reliable data basis for the subsequent generation of ID code.

7. The automatic ID configuration circuit for multiple slave controllers in a battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motherboard (1) is equipped with a power supply. The slave board (2) includes slave board 1, slave board 2, slave board 3, ... and slave board N. The positive output V+ of the power supply is connected to the slave board N until the slave board 1 outputs to the negative output GND of the motherboard power supply.

8. A method for automatic ID configuration among multiple slave controllers in a battery management system, characterized in that, The circuit for automatic ID configuration among multiple slave controllers in a battery management system, as described in any one of claims 1-7, includes the following steps: Step 1: Close the closing switch module on the main board (1) to start the circuit system and form a path between the main board (1) and each slave board (2); Step 2: The AD sampling module of each slave board (2) samples the voltage across the sampling resistor to obtain the corresponding voltage value; The MCU of the main chip of the slave board (2) calculates the voltage drop across the resistor based on the voltage value across the resistor obtained by sampling, and then obtains the ID code of the slave board (2) by dividing the voltage drop across the voltage front end of the resistor, and transmits the ID code and the voltage information of the front and back ends to the main board (1). Step 3: The motherboard (1) receives the ID encoding information transmitted by each slave board (2) and performs judgment and verification on it; Step 4: If the ID encoding information is correct, the ID will be automatically configured successfully, and the motherboard (1) will send the configuration success information back to each slave board; If the ID encoding information is incorrect, the ID auto-configuration will fail. The motherboard (1) will send the error information to the corresponding slave board (2), and the slave board (2) will report the error information.

9. A method for automatic ID configuration among multiple slave controllers in a battery management system according to claim 8, characterized in that: When ID auto-configuration fails, after receiving the error message from the motherboard (1), the slave board (2) will retry multiple times, regenerate and transmit the ID encoding information until the preset retry limit is reached, so as to improve the success rate of ID encoding configuration.

10. A method for automatic ID configuration among multiple slave controllers in a battery management system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Throughout the entire ID coding automatic configuration process, the system records relevant data and operation logs in real time to facilitate troubleshooting and analysis in case of anomalies, ensuring the stable operation of the system.

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