Catalyst for the hydrogenation of furfural and its preparation and use

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of catalyst for furfural hydrogenation and its preparation and application.The catalyst is composed of metal copper, nickel silicate and carrier silicon oxide.The metal component copper accounts for 10-30% of the total weight of catalyst, and the nickel silicate accounts for 10-40% of the total weight of catalyst.The catalyst of the present application is prepared by deposition precipitation method.The catalyst of the present application is applied to the reaction conditions required for furfural hydrogenation to 2-methylfuran, and has superior reaction performance, specifically high furfural conversion rate, high 2-methylfuran selectivity and excellent long-period stability, and has certain industrial application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of catalysis technology, specifically relating to a catalyst for furfural hydrogenation and its preparation and application. Background Technology

[0002] Rapid societal development has led to a continuous increase in the demand for liquid fuels and a growing reliance on fossil fuels such as petroleum. Increasingly stringent environmental requirements urgently necessitate the clean utilization of renewable energy to address the supply-demand imbalance in liquid fuels. Biomass is the world's only renewable carbon resource that can be converted into liquid fuels. Therefore, the conversion and utilization of biomass has received widespread attention. Biomass can be used to produce 2-methylfuran from furfural, which can be used directly as a biofuel additive or in the production of high-value-added chemicals such as pharmaceuticals.

[0003] Chinese patent CN105498787A discloses a catalyst and preparation method for the gas-phase hydrogenation of furfural to 2-methylfuran, the catalyst comprising components such as CuO, Cr2O3, La2O3, SiO2, and CaCO3. Chinese patent CN104368346A discloses a catalyst and preparation method for the gas-phase hydrogenation of furfural to 2-methylfuran, the catalyst being composed of CuO, SiO2, and CeO2. Chinese patent CN106902840A discloses a catalyst and preparation method for the gas-phase hydrogenation of furfural to 2-methylfuran, the catalyst comprising an active component composed of CuO, NiO, and CoO, and a support composed of γ-Al2O3, BaO, ZnO, γ-MnO2, and PdO. Chinese patent CN110054602A discloses a method for the hydrogenation of furfural to 2-methylfuran, the method using cobalt phosphide as the catalyst. Chinese patent CN111905759A discloses a catalyst, preparation method, and application for the selective hydrogenation of furfural to 2-methylfuran. The catalyst is carbon-supported polymetallic Pt, and the polymetallic element is one or more of Ni, Cu, Co, or Fe. Chinese patent CN112264032A discloses a NiMo / ZrO2 catalyst for the catalytic hydrogenation and deoxygenation of furfural to 2-methylfuran. Chinese patent CN113457675A discloses a catalyst and preparation method for the gas-phase hydrogenation of furfural to 2-methylfuran. The catalyst is a silica-supported elemental metal, and the metal is Cu, Co, or Ni. Currently, catalysts for the hydrogenation of furfural to 2-methylfuran have one or more of the following problems: (1) the catalyst contains toxic Cr element; (2) the catalyst composition is complex; (3) the selectivity for 2-methylfuran is low; and (4) the catalyst stability is poor. Based on the current state of development regarding the hydrogenation of furfural to 2-methylfuran, this invention discloses a highly active and selective, simple, chromium-free copper-nickel silicate-silica catalyst for the hydrogenation of furfural to 2-methylfuran, as well as its preparation and application. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a catalyst for the hydrogenation of furfural, the catalyst being composed of metallic copper, nickel silicate, and silicon oxide support.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment, the copper metal component accounts for 10-30% of the total weight of the catalyst, and the nickel silicate accounts for 10-40% of the total weight of the catalyst.

[0006] This invention also provides a method for preparing the catalyst, comprising the following steps: a) Dissolve the copper metal salt precursor and the nickel metal salt precursor in water to prepare a nickel-copper aqueous solution with a total nickel and copper metal cation concentration of 0.01~1.0 mol / L; b) Add an ammonia solution with a concentration of 25-28 wt% to the aqueous solution in a) to obtain a clear metal ammonia complex solution; the ammonia in the ammonia solution is 4 to 15 times the molar amount of the metal salt precursor; c) Add the required amount of silica hydrosol and / or silica aerosol to b), mix thoroughly, and obtain a mixture system; d) Heat-treat the mixture system obtained in c) to remove ammonia from the system; e) After the pH of the mixture reaches 6.5~7.0, solid-liquid separation is performed, the solid is washed, and a solid product is obtained; f) The solid product is dried and calcined to obtain the precursor; g) The precursor obtained in f) is activated by a hydrogen-containing gas to obtain a catalyst with furfural hydrogenation activity.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the copper salt precursor used in a) is one or more of copper nitrate, copper acetate, and copper chloride.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the nickel salt precursor used in a) is one or more of nickel nitrate, nickel acetate, and nickel chloride.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the heating temperature used in step d) is 50~98°C.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the drying temperature used in f) is 50~150℃, the time is 4~24 hours, and the calcination temperature is 300~800℃, the time is 3~48 hours.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen activation conditions for g) are: the hydrogen content in the gas is 0.1-100%, and the remaining components are one or more of N2, He, and Ar; the temperature is 150-500℃; and the gas space velocity is 100-10000 h⁻¹. -1The timeframe is 2 to 48 hours.

[0012] The present invention also provides the application of the above catalyst in the hydrogenation reaction of furfural to prepare 2-methylfuran.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the furfural hydrogenation reaction is carried out under the following conditions: temperature of 90~250℃, pressure of 0.01~2.0MPa, furfural space velocity of 0.01~10g / g-catalyst / h, and molar ratio of hydrogen to furfural of 5~50:1.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The copper-nickel silicate-silica catalyst of this invention is prepared by a deposition precipitation method. When applied to the hydrogenation of furfural to 2-methylfuran, the catalyst exhibits mild reaction conditions and superior reaction performance, specifically high furfural conversion, high 2-methylfuran selectivity, and excellent long-term stability. The furfural hydrogenation reaction achieves a conversion rate of over 99% while maintaining a 2-methylfuran selectivity of over 95%, and the catalyst stability exceeds 1000 hours. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments.

[0016] Example 1 Weigh out 8 grams of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O and 8 grams of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O, dissolve them in 280 mL of water to prepare a metal salt aqueous solution with a metal ion concentration of 0.2 mol / L. Add 31 mL of ammonia water (27% mass concentration, the same below, the molar ratio of ammonia to metal (copper and nickel) ions is 7.3). Add 10 grams of Aladdin (with a specific surface area of ​​300 m²) 2 / g of silica aerosol was added to the above solution, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. The mixture was then heated to 90°C in a water bath, and ammonia was slowly removed from the system with stirring. After the pH of the mixture dropped to 7, it was cooled to room temperature. The filter cake was obtained, dried at 120°C for 12 hours, and calcined at 650°C for 6 hours to obtain the precursor of catalyst A. 1g of the precursor A was weighed and loaded into a fixed-bed reactor, and reduced at 250°C in a 10% hydrogen / Ar atmosphere for 12 hours at a gas hourly space velocity of 4000 h⁻¹. -1 Catalyst A, with a composition of 15% copper, 20% nickel silicate, and 65% silica by mass, was obtained (characterized by infrared and XRD, the same below). After the reactor bed temperature was reduced to 170℃, the gas was switched to high-purity hydrogen, and the system pressure was 0.1 MPa. Furfural was injected into the reactor at a rate of 0.3 g / g-catalyst / h, and the H2 / furfural molar ratio was adjusted to 15. After reacting for 24 hours, samples were taken for analysis. The reaction results are listed in Table 1.

[0017] Example 2 Weigh out 10.3 g of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O and 8.5 g of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O, dissolve them in 320 mL of water to prepare a metal salt aqueous solution with a metal ion concentration of 0.2 mol / L, and add 37 mL of ammonia water (the molar ratio of ammonia to metal ions in 27% ammonia water is 7.5). Add 10 g of Aladdin (with a specific surface area of ​​300 m²) 2 / g of silica aerosol was added to the above solution, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. The mixture was then heated to 80°C in a water bath, and ammonia was slowly removed from the system with stirring. After the pH of the mixture dropped to 7, it was cooled to room temperature. The filter cake was obtained, dried at 120°C for 12 hours, and calcined at 650°C for 6 hours to obtain the precursor of catalyst B. 1g of the precursor of B was weighed and loaded into a fixed-bed reactor, and reduced at 200°C in a hydrogen atmosphere for 24 hours at a gas hourly space velocity of 4000 h⁻¹. -1 Catalyst B was obtained with a composition of 15% copper, 25% nickel silicate, and 60% silica by mass. After the reactor bed temperature was lowered to 220℃, furfural was injected into the reactor at a rate of 0.3 g / g-catalyst / h, the H2 / furfural molar ratio was adjusted to 15, the system pressure was 0.1 MPa, and samples were taken for analysis after 24 hours of reaction. The reaction results are listed in Table 1.

[0018] Example 3 Weigh out 13.1 g of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O and 9 g of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O, dissolve them in 370 mL of water to prepare a metal salt aqueous solution with a metal ion concentration of 0.2 mol / L, and add 37 mL of ammonia water (the molar ratio of ammonia to metal ions in 27% ammonia water is 7.6). Add 10 g of Aladdin (with a specific surface area of ​​300 m²) 2 / g of silica aerosol was added to the above solution, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. The mixture was then heated to 85°C in a water bath, and ammonia was slowly removed from the system with stirring. After the pH of the mixture dropped to 7, it was cooled to room temperature. The filter cake was obtained, dried at 120°C for 12 hours, and calcined at 650°C for 6 hours to obtain the precursor of catalyst C. 1g of the C precursor was weighed and loaded into a fixed-bed reactor, and reduced at 230°C in a hydrogen atmosphere for 12 hours at a gas hourly space velocity of 4000 h⁻¹. -1 Catalyst C was obtained with a composition of 15% copper, 30% nickel silicate, and 55% silica by mass. After the reactor bed temperature was lowered to 200℃, furfural was injected into the reactor at a rate of 0.3 g / g-catalyst / h, the H2 / furfural molar ratio was adjusted to 30, the system pressure was 0.1 MPa, and samples were taken for analysis after 24 hours of reaction. The reaction results are listed in Table 1.

[0019] Example 4 Weigh out 8.4 g of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O and 11.6 g of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O, dissolve them in 350 mL of water to prepare a metal salt aqueous solution with a metal ion concentration of 0.2 mol / L, and add 37 mL of ammonia water (the molar ratio of ammonia to metal ions in 27% ammonia water is 7.1). Add 10 g of Aladdin (with a specific surface area of ​​300 m²) 2 / g of silica aerosol was added to the above solution, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. The mixture was then heated to 85°C in a water bath, and ammonia was slowly removed from the system with stirring. After the pH of the mixture dropped to 7, it was cooled to room temperature. The filter cake was obtained, dried at 120°C for 12 hours, and calcined at 650°C for 6 hours to obtain the precursor of catalyst D. 1g of the precursor of D was weighed and loaded into a fixed-bed reactor, and reduced at 230°C in a hydrogen atmosphere for 12 hours at a gas hourly space velocity of 4000 h⁻¹. -1 Catalyst D was obtained with a composition of 20% copper, 20% nickel silicate, and 60% silica by mass. After the reactor bed temperature was lowered to 200℃, furfural was injected into the reactor at a rate of 0.5 g / g-catalyst / h, the H2 / furfural molar ratio was adjusted to 30, the system pressure was 0.1 MPa, and samples were taken for analysis after 24 hours of reaction. The reaction results are listed in Table 1.

[0020] Example 5 Weigh out 11.2 g of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O and 12.2 g of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O, dissolve them in 410 mL of water to prepare a metal salt aqueous solution with a metal ion concentration of 0.2 mol / L, and add 37 mL of ammonia water (the molar ratio of ammonia to metal ions in 27% ammonia water is 7.3). Add 10 g of Aladdin (with a specific surface area of ​​300 m²) 2 / g of silica aerosol was added to the above solution, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. The mixture was then heated to 85°C in a water bath, and ammonia was slowly removed from the system with stirring. After the pH of the mixture dropped to 7, it was cooled to room temperature. The filter cake was obtained, dried at 120°C for 12 hours, and calcined at 550°C for 6 hours to obtain the precursor of catalyst E. 1g of the precursor of E was weighed and loaded into a fixed-bed reactor, and reduced at 230°C in a hydrogen atmosphere for 12 hours at a gas hourly space velocity of 4000 h⁻¹. -1 Catalyst E was obtained with a composition of 20% copper, 25% nickel silicate, and 55% silica by mass. After the reactor bed temperature was lowered to 200℃, furfural was injected into the reactor at a rate of 0.5 g / g-catalyst / h, the H2 / furfural molar ratio was adjusted to 30, the system pressure was 0.1 MPa, and samples were taken for analysis after 24 hours of reaction. The reaction results are listed in Table 1.

[0021] Example 6 Weigh out 14.2 g of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O and 13 g of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O, dissolve them in 470 mL of water to prepare a metal salt aqueous solution with a metal ion concentration of 0.2 mol / L, and add 37 mL of ammonia water (the molar ratio of ammonia to metal ions in 27% ammonia water is 7.4). Add 10 g of Aladdin (with a specific surface area of ​​300 m²) 2 / g of silica aerosol was added to the above solution, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. The mixture was then heated to 85°C in a water bath, and ammonia was slowly removed from the system with stirring. After the pH of the mixture dropped to 7, it was cooled to room temperature. The filter cake was obtained, dried at 120°C for 12 hours, and calcined at 550°C for 6 hours to obtain the precursor of catalyst F. 1g of the F precursor was weighed and loaded into a fixed-bed reactor, and reduced at 230°C in a hydrogen atmosphere for 12 hours at a gas hourly space velocity of 4000 h⁻¹. -1 Catalyst F was obtained with a composition of 20% copper, 30% nickel silicate, and 50% silica by mass. After the reactor bed temperature was lowered to 200℃, furfural was injected into the reactor at a rate of 0.5 g / g-catalyst / h, the H2 / furfural molar ratio was adjusted to 30, the system pressure was 0.1 MPa, and samples were taken for analysis after 24 hours of reaction. The reaction results are listed in Table 1.

[0022] Example 7 11.2 g of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O and 12.2 g of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O were dissolved in 410 mL of water to prepare a metal salt aqueous solution with a metal ion concentration of 0.2 mol / L. 37 mL of ammonia solution was added (the molar ratio of ammonia to metal ions in 27% ammonia solution was 7.3). 40 g of JN25 silica hydrosol from Qingdao Haiwan Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. was added to the above solution, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. The mixture was heated to 85°C in a water bath, and ammonia was slowly removed from the system with stirring. After the pH of the mixture dropped to 7, it was cooled to room temperature. The filter cake was obtained, dried at 120°C for 12 hours, and calcined at 550°C for 6 hours to obtain the precursor of catalyst G. 1 g of the precursor of G was weighed and loaded into a fixed-bed reactor, and reduced at 230°C in a hydrogen atmosphere for 12 hours at a gas hourly space velocity of 4000 h⁻¹. -1 Catalyst G was obtained with a composition of 20% copper, 25% nickel silicate, and 55% silica by mass. After the reactor bed temperature was lowered to 200℃, furfural was injected into the reactor at a rate of 0.5 g / g-catalyst / h, the H2 / furfural molar ratio was adjusted to 30, the system pressure was 0.1 MPa, and samples were taken for analysis after 24 hours of reaction. The reaction results are listed in Table 1.

[0023] Example 8 1 g of precursor A was weighed and loaded into a fixed-bed reactor, and reduced for 12 hours at 250 °C in a 10% (v / v) hydrogen / Ar atmosphere. After the reactor bed temperature dropped to 210 °C, the gas was switched to high-purity hydrogen, the system pressure was 0.1 MPa, and furfural was injected into the reactor at a rate of 2.0 g / g-catalyst / h. The H2 / furfural molar ratio was adjusted to 15, and the reaction was carried out for 24 hours. Samples were taken for analysis. The reaction results are listed in Table 1.

[0024] Example 9 1 g of precursor A was weighed and loaded into a fixed-bed reactor, and reduced at 250 °C in a 10% (v / v) hydrogen / Ar atmosphere for 12 hours. After the reactor bed temperature dropped to 180 °C, the gas was switched to high-purity hydrogen, the system pressure was 0.1 MPa, and furfural was injected into the reactor at a rate of 1.0 g / g-catalyst / h. The H2 / furfural molar ratio was adjusted to 15, and the reaction was carried out for 24 hours. Samples were taken for analysis. The reaction results are listed in Table 1.

[0025] Example 10 1 g of precursor A was weighed and loaded into a fixed-bed reactor, and reduced for 12 hours at 250 °C in a 10% (v / v) hydrogen / Ar atmosphere. After the reactor bed temperature dropped to 200 °C, the gas was switched to high-purity hydrogen, and the system pressure was 0.1 MPa. Furfural was injected into the reactor at a rate of 1.2 g / g-catalyst / h, and the H2 / furfural molar ratio was adjusted to 15. After reacting for 24 hours, samples were taken for analysis. The reaction results are listed in Table 1.

[0026] Example 11 1 g of the precursor D was weighed and loaded into a fixed-bed reactor. Reduction was performed at 230 °C using high-purity hydrogen for 12 hours. After the reactor bed temperature dropped to 200 °C, the system pressure was set to 0.1 MPa. Furfural was injected into the reactor at a rate of 0.5 g / g-catalyst / h, and the H2 / furfural molar ratio was adjusted to 20. Samples were taken for analysis every 50 hours, and the reaction was continuously run for 1000 hours. The reaction results are listed in Table 2.

[0027] Comparative Example 1 8 g of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O and 8 g of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O were dissolved in 280 mL of water to prepare a metal salt aqueous solution with a metal ion concentration of 0.2 mol / L. 31 mL of ammonia solution was added (the molar ratio of ammonia to metal ions in 27% ammonia solution was 7.3). 10 g of silica nanoparticles (particle size 100 nm) were added to the above solution, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. The mixture was heated to 90 °C in a water bath, and ammonia was slowly removed from the system with stirring. After the pH of the mixture dropped to 7, it was cooled to room temperature. The filter cake was obtained, dried at 120 °C for 12 hours, and calcined at 650 °C for 6 hours to obtain the precursor of catalyst H. 1 g of the H precursor was weighed and loaded into a fixed-bed reactor, and reduced at 250 °C in a 10% (v / v) hydrogen / Ar atmosphere for 12 hours at a gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 4000 h⁻¹. -1 A catalyst H was obtained with a composition of 15% copper, 20% nickel silicate, and 65% silica by mass. After the reactor bed temperature was reduced to 170℃, the gas was switched to high-purity hydrogen, and the system pressure was 0.1 MPa. Furfural was injected into the reactor at a rate of 0.3 g / g-catalyst / h, and the H2 / furfural molar ratio was adjusted to 15. After reacting for 24 hours, samples were taken for analysis. The reaction results are listed in Table 1.

[0028] Comparative Example 2 Weigh 6.7 g of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O and dissolve it in 130 mL of water to prepare a metal salt aqueous solution with a metal ion concentration of 0.2 mol / L. Add 12 mL of ammonia solution (the molar ratio of ammonia to metal ions in 27% ammonia solution is 6). Add 10 g of Aladdin solution with a specific surface area of ​​300 m². 2 / g of silica aerosol was added to the above solution, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. The mixture was then heated to 90°C in a water bath, and ammonia was slowly removed from the system with stirring. After the pH of the mixture dropped to 7, it was cooled to room temperature. The filter cake was obtained, dried at 120°C for 12 hours, and calcined at 650°C for 6 hours to obtain the precursor of catalyst J. 1g of the precursor of J was weighed and loaded into a fixed-bed reactor, and reduced at 250°C in a 10% (v / v) hydrogen / Ar atmosphere for 12 hours at a gas space velocity of 4000 h⁻¹. -1 Catalyst J, with a composition of 15% copper and 85% silica by mass, was obtained. After the reactor bed temperature was reduced to 170℃, the gas was switched to high-purity hydrogen, and the system pressure was 0.1 MPa. Furfural was injected into the reactor at a rate of 0.3 g / g-catalyst / h, and the H2 / furfural molar ratio was adjusted to 15. After reacting for 24 hours, samples were taken for analysis. The reaction results are listed in Table 1.

[0029] Comparative Example 3 Weigh 6.5 g of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O and dissolve it in 100 mL of water to prepare a metal salt aqueous solution with a metal ion concentration of 0.2 mol / L. Add 14 mL of ammonia solution (the molar ratio of ammonia to metal ions in 27% ammonia solution is 9). Add 10 g of Aladdin (with a specific surface area of ​​300 m²) 2 / g of silica aerosol was added to the above solution, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. The mixture was then heated to 90°C in a water bath, and ammonia was slowly removed from the system with stirring. After the pH of the mixture dropped to 7, it was cooled to room temperature. The filter cake was obtained, dried at 120°C for 12 hours, and calcined at 650°C for 6 hours to obtain the precursor of catalyst K. 1g of the K precursor was weighed and loaded into a fixed-bed reactor, and reduced at 250°C in a 10% (v / v) hydrogen / Ar atmosphere for 12 hours at a gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 4000 h⁻¹. -1 Catalyst K, with a composition of 20% nickel silicate and 80% silica by mass, was obtained. After the reactor bed temperature was reduced to 170℃, the gas was switched to high-purity hydrogen, and the system pressure was 0.1 MPa. Furfural was injected into the reactor at a rate of 0.3 g / g-catalyst / h, and the H2 / furfural molar ratio was adjusted to 15. After reacting for 24 hours, samples were taken for analysis. The reaction results are listed in Table 1.

[0030] Table 1: Catalytic performance of the catalyst for the hydrogenation of furfural to 2-methylfuran

[0031] Table 2: Stability of catalysts in the hydrogenation of furfural to 2-methylfuran

[0032] The results above demonstrate that the catalyst of this invention can efficiently catalyze the hydrogenation of furfural to 2-methylfuran. High furfural conversion and high 2-methylfuran selectivity are achieved simultaneously. Furthermore, the catalyst exhibits excellent stability.

[0033] The present invention has been described in detail above, but it is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein. Those skilled in the art will understand that other modifications and variations can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A catalyst for furfural hydrogenation, characterized in that: It includes or is composed of metallic copper, nickel silicate, and silicon oxide as a carrier; The copper metal component accounts for 10-30% of the total weight of the catalyst, and the nickel silicate accounts for 10-40% of the total weight of the catalyst.

2. The catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper metal component accounts for 10-30% of the total weight of the catalyst, preferably 12-25%, more preferably 15-20%, and the nickel silicate accounts for 10-40% of the total weight of the catalyst, preferably 15-35%, more preferably 20-30%.

3. The method for preparing the catalyst according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Follow these steps: a) Dissolve soluble copper salt and soluble nickel salt in water to prepare a nickel-copper aqueous solution with a total nickel and copper metal cation concentration of 0.01~1.0 mol / L, preferably 0.1~0.8 mol / L, and more preferably 0.2~0.5 mol / L; b) Add an ammonia solution with a concentration of 25-28 wt% to the nickel-copper aqueous solution in step a) to obtain a clear metal ammonia complex solution; the ammonia in the ammonia solution is 4 to 15 times the sum of the molar amounts of copper and nickel, preferably 5 to 12 times, more preferably 6 to 9 times; c) Add the required amount of silica hydrosol and / or silica aerosol to step b), mix thoroughly, and obtain a mixture system; d) Heat the mixture system obtained in step c) to remove ammonia from the system; e) After the pH of the mixture reaches 6.5~7.0, solid-liquid separation is performed, the solid is washed, and a solid product is obtained; f) The solid product is dried and calcined to obtain the precursor; g) The precursor obtained in f) is activated by a gas containing hydrogen atmosphere to obtain a catalyst.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The copper salt precursor used in step a) is one or more of copper nitrate, copper acetate, and copper chloride; The nickel salt precursor used in step a) is one or more of nickel nitrate, nickel acetate, and nickel chloride.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating temperature used in step d) is 50~98℃, preferably 70~95℃, and more preferably 80~90℃.

6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drying temperature used in step f) is 50~150℃, preferably 80~130℃, more preferably 100~120℃, and the time is 4~24 hours, preferably 6~20 hours, more preferably 10~15 hours; The roasting temperature is 300~800℃, preferably 400~700℃, more preferably 550~650℃, and the time is 3~48 hours, preferably 5~40 hours, more preferably 6~24 hours.

7. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydrogen activation conditions in step g) are as follows: the hydrogen volume content in the gas is 0.1-100%, and the remaining components are one or more of N2, He, and Ar; the temperature is 150-500℃, preferably 180-400℃, more preferably 200-250℃; and the gas space velocity is 100-10000 h⁻¹. -1 Preferred range: 1000~8000h -1 More preferably 2000~5000h -1 The time is 2 to 48 hours, preferably 6 to 36 hours, and more preferably 12 to 24 hours.

8. The application of the catalyst according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: This catalyst can be used in the catalytic hydrogenation of furfural to prepare 2-methylfuran.

9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that: The application is carried out under the following conditions: temperature of 90~250℃, preferably 130~230℃, more preferably 170~220℃; pressure of 0.01~2.0MPa, preferably 0.01~0.5MPa, more preferably 0.01~0.2MPa; furfural space velocity of 0.01~10g / g-catalyst / h, preferably 0.1~5g / g-catalyst / h, more preferably 0.3~3g / g-catalyst / h; and molar ratio of hydrogen to furfural of 5~50:1, preferably 10~40:1, more preferably 15~30:1.

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