Laser marking of objects

Abstract

The invention relates in particular to a method for laser marking of an object (12), preferably a container. The method comprises providing a representation (D) of a desired laser marking, applying a computer-aided procedure to the representation (D), the computer-aided procedure dividing the representation (D) into a plurality of sub-regions (T1 to T5), and laser marking the plurality of sub-regions (T1 to T5) on the object (12) by a plurality of laser marking devices (20) to generate the representation (D) on the object (12), wherein the plurality of laser marking devices (20) each laser mark one of the plurality of sub-regions (T1 to T5) on the object (12).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method and a system for laser marking of objects. Background Technology

[0002] Generally, most containers are labeled. Typical variations are paper labels or plastic labels, which are applied to the container using hot or cold glue or are self-adhesive.

[0003] Labels may present problems during recycling, for example, due to the printing inks, waterproof paper, adhesives, etc., used. In the context of increasing global sustainability discussions, various characteristics inherent to the technology may be considered disadvantageous. These may specifically include the use of plastic materials for container decoration, the poor CO2 footprint of label production (especially plastic materials), logistics to application (especially shrink sleeves), and limited recyclability in the general waste stream. Similar points may also be raised in direct printing processes.

[0004] Therefore, it is best to discard recycled labels completely in principle. For example, a laser marking system can be used to directly mark or write the desired information on the container. This technology has been used, for example, to laser mark production numbers or "best before" dates. During laser marking, the laser beam and the heat it generates on the container's surface cause a physical change in the container's surface (e.g., PET containers turn white), making it possible to laser mark the desired characters on the surface.

[0005] For example, GB 2576220 A discloses a laser marking device for marking containers.

[0006] Current lasers are limited in power. Therefore, considering requirements such as high-performance filling systems, the use of multiple lasers can be envisioned. However, using multiple lasers presents certain difficulties, which are discussed in this paper.

[0007] This invention aims to create an improved technique for laser marking of objects, preferably containers. This technique is primarily designed for high-performance applications while still allowing for the creation of visually appealing laser markings on objects. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This objective is achieved through the features of the independent claims. Advantageous developments are indicated in the dependent claims and the specification.

[0009] One aspect relates to a method for laser marking (e.g., by means of a system as disclosed herein) of an object, preferably a container. The method includes the following steps:

[0010] - Provide a (two-dimensional) representation of the desired laser mark (e.g., as an image file) (e.g., in the memory of the processing device);

[0011] - Applying a computer-aided program, preferably an algorithm (e.g., a computational algorithm; e.g., in the sense of an action instruction) to a representation (e.g., by a processing device), the computer-aided program dividing the representation into multiple sub-regions (e.g., as an image file); and

[0012] - Multiple laser marking devices laser-mark the multiple sub-regions on the object to generate a representation on the object, wherein each of the multiple laser marking devices laser-marks (only) one of the multiple sub-regions on the object.

[0013] The proposed method allows for the automatic division of a representation to be laser-marked into sub-regions based on predetermined criteria and boundary conditions. These sub-regions are then laser-marked on the object one after another, overlapping in time, or simultaneously by different laser marking devices. The procedure allows the processing unit to form sub-regions in an understandable, repeatable, and optimized manner, rather than based on manual, subjective decisions. This allows for the intelligent separation / division of the representation into sub-regions. The procedure can obtain the possible optimal solution for the sub-region division, where, for example, optimized marking time for each sub-region, substantially the same marking time for all laser marking devices, and appropriate and visually appealing graphic creation of separation points / separation zones between sub-regions can be achieved. Therefore, the laser technology used can be optimally utilized, as approximately equal marking times can be achieved for each laser marking device. Furthermore, visually imperceptible / obvious seams between sub-regions can be achieved through clever division and subsequent stitching during the final laser marking. This allows the laser markings to remain visually appealing and, for example, legible, even in cases where there are tolerance-related positioning inaccuracies in the laser marking devices. This can simplify the system because the system tolerances caused by substrate movement / positioning are less visually noticeable, or the system can be manufactured with larger tolerances.

[0014] In one exemplary implementation, at least one of the following is satisfied:

[0015] - These multiple sub-regions do not overlap with each other, or the program divides the representation in a way that makes these multiple sub-regions not overlap with each other;

[0016] - These multiple sub-regions are adjacent to each other, or the program divides the representation in a way that makes these multiple sub-regions adjacent to each other;

[0017] - The multiple sub-regions together form a representation (e.g., placed adjacent to each other (e.g., in vector graphics) or superimposed (e.g., in raster graphics)), or the program divides the representation in a way that the multiple sub-regions together form a representation;

[0018] - These multiple sub-regions have substantially equal numbers of characters; and

[0019] - These multiple sub-regions have substantially the same processing time (e.g., the sum of marking time and jump time);

[0020] - The dividing lines between these multiple sub-regions have multiple line portions that are angled to each other and preferably straight.

[0021] In another exemplary implementation, at least one of the following conditions is met:

[0022] - These multiple sub-regions are formed to reduce (e.g., minimize or prevent) representation elements (e.g., lines, characters) across sub-regions (or the program partitions the representation in such a way that these multiple sub-regions are formed to reduce representation elements across sub-regions); and

[0023] - The multiple sub-regions are formed to optically reduce tolerance-related positioning inaccuracies at the transitions between the multiple sub-regions during laser marking of the multiple sub-regions (or the procedure is divided in such a way that the multiple sub-regions and the transitions between the multiple sub-regions are formed to optically reduce tolerance-related positioning inaccuracies during laser marking of the sub-regions).

[0024] Even in the presence of tolerance-related inaccuracies, this can advantageously improve the overall optical impression of the laser marking, and thus allow for, for example, larger overall tolerances, which can, for example, allow for system simplification and / or increased efficiency.

[0025] Preferably, the plurality of sub-regions can be configured to reduce (e.g., the plurality of laser marking devices) defocus associated with the sub-regions.

[0026] In one implementation, the application includes:

[0027] - Detect (identify) one or more potential separation regions (in the form of points or lines) in the representation that satisfy at least one predetermined separation criterion of the procedure, wherein the procedure preferably divides the representation into the plurality of sub-regions in a certain way based on at least one detected (identified) potential separation region, such that the representation is divided at at least one of the detected (identified) potential separation regions (e.g., divided into two or more sub-regions).

[0028] Advantageously, the separation zone or seam between sub-regions can thus be formed in a way that improves the overall optical impression of the laser marking, as well as the additional advantages already explained, even in the presence of tolerance-related inaccuracies.

[0029] In another embodiment, the at least one predetermined separation criterion has at least one of the following:

[0030] - Empty area separation criterion: When there is an area that represents no element, the empty area separation criterion is satisfied.

[0031] - Discontinuity separation criterion: This discontinuity separation criterion is satisfied when there are discontinuous, preferably angled, line transitions in the representation;

[0032] - Density separation criterion: If the represented region has a lower point density and / or a lower line density and / or an absolute point density and / or line density less than a predetermined limit value compared to other represented regions, then the density separation criterion is met.

[0033] - Syntax separation criteria: When there are gaps between consecutive characters in each string, the syntax separation criteria are met.

[0034] - Character count separation criterion, which is satisfied between regions representing substantially equal numbers of characters; and

[0035] - Processing time synchronization separation criteria, which are satisfied between regions that represent regions that each have substantially equal processing times (e.g., the sum of marking time and jump time).

[0036] In this context, it is also conceivable to perform preprocessing of the representation, in which potential separation regions can be intentionally created within the representation.

[0037] In one implementation variant, the application includes:

[0038] - Detect (identify) one or more connection regions in the representation that satisfy at least one predetermined connection criterion of the program, wherein the program preferably divides the representation into the plurality of sub-regions in a certain way based on at least one detected (identified) connection region, such that the representation is not divided in at least one of the detected (identified) connection regions.

[0039] Advantageously, the sub-regions can therefore be formed in such a way that, in the presence of tolerance-related inaccuracies, no visually unappealing separation points of the laser markings appear, or almost none appear, as well as other advantages already explained.

[0040] In another embodiment, the at least one predetermined connection standard has at least one of the following:

[0041] - Fill area connection standard: When there is a region filled with represented elements, the fill area connection standard is satisfied.

[0042] - Continuity of connection standard: This continuity of connection standard is satisfied when there are continuous line transitions in the representation;

[0043] - Density connectivity criteria: A region is satisfied if it has a higher point density and / or a higher line density and / or an absolute point density and / or line density than a predetermined limit value compared to other regions.

[0044] - Syntax concatenation standard: This syntax concatenation standard is satisfied when consecutive strings exist.

[0045] - Code linking standard: When there is a visual code consisting of consecutive code elements (e.g., QR code, barcode, Aztec code, data matrix, PDF417, AR code, etc.), this code linking standard is satisfied.

[0046] - Processing time connectivity criteria: If a region does not need to be divided into subregions because the total processing time is below the limit (i.e., sufficient), then the processing time connectivity criteria are met.

[0047] Multiple predetermined separation point criteria and / or multiple predetermined connection criteria may be included in the procedure, and they preferably include:

[0048] - At least partially or may be at least partially weighted differently; and / or

[0049] - Considered in a predetermined order in the program; and / or

[0050] - It can be selectively selected at the application stage (e.g., via the user interface).

[0051] In one exemplary implementation, at least one of the following is satisfied:

[0052] - The program divides the representation into multiple sub-regions based on the predetermined maximum marking speed (maximum writing speed) of the multiple laser marking devices and / or the predetermined maximum jump speed of the multiple laser marking devices; and

[0053] - The program will divide the representation into multiple sub-regions such that the marking duration of the multiple laser marking devices used for laser marking the corresponding sub-regions is substantially equal.

[0054] Therefore, the laser technology used can be used optimally because approximately equal marking times can be achieved for each laser marking device.

[0055] In another exemplary embodiment, the method further includes the following:

[0056] - Use (e.g., rotate) an object conveyor (e.g., a container conveyor) to transport objects during laser marking.

[0057] Preferably, the program can divide the representation into the plurality of sub-regions based on the preferred predetermined or pre-predictable conveying speed of the object conveyor; and / or the (e.g., predetermined) object distance between adjacent objects conveyed by the object conveyor; and / or the overall movement curve of the objects during conveying (e.g., propulsive movement and / or rotation about the vertical axis of each object itself).

[0058] In this way, the configuration that allows for optimal interaction with the object conveyor can be found.

[0059] In one implementation, the program estimates (approximately determines) the total marking duration based on the maximum marking speed of the plurality of laser marking devices. Optionally, the maximum jump speed of the plurality of laser marking devices and / or the conveyor speed of the object conveyor and / or the target output power (desired output power) of the plurality of laser marking devices may be considered during the estimation. The estimated total marking duration may be divided by the number of the plurality of laser marking devices, for example, to calculate the individual marking duration. Preferably, the plurality of sub-regions may be formed based on the calculated individual marking durations.

[0060] This advantageously allows for approximately equal marking times for each laser marking device.

[0061] In another implementation, the program can calculate and output (e.g., via a user interface) the required number of laser marking devices for laser marking the multiple sub-areas, based on the representation (e.g., size, shape, content, number of representation elements, dot density, and / or line density) and the maximum marking speed of the plurality of laser marking devices (and optionally the maximum jump speed of the plurality of laser marking devices), the optional object conveying speed of the object conveyor, and / or the (e.g., predetermined or pre-defined) individual marking duration of the plurality of laser marking devices.

[0062] For example, the technology can be used advantageously when initially assembling the entire system, or when, for example, it is desired to indicate laser marking with a minimum number of laser marking devices and any remaining laser marking devices are kept in reserve or temporarily on standby.

[0063] In one implementation variation, the representation is a raster pattern. The program may divide the raster pattern into multiple sub-regions such that each sub-region is formed by multiple representation points of the raster pattern, these representation points being distributed across the entire raster pattern and differing from the representation points in other sub-regions. Preferably, the raster pattern can then be created by overlaying the multiple sub-regions (e.g., flush).

[0064] In one embodiment variation, the representation is a vector graphic or a raster graphic. The program may divide the vector graphic or raster graphic into multiple sub-regions in such a way that each sub-region extends only on a portion of the vector graphic or raster graphic and / or is substantially formed by adjacent representation elements of the vector graphic or raster graphic. Preferably, placing the multiple sub-regions side-by-side can produce a vector graphic or raster graphic.

[0065] In one exemplary embodiment, the program is an AI program. Preferably, the AI ​​program can be trained by inputting a representation and associated sub-regions. Alternatively or additionally, the AI ​​program can be trained on an object by inputting a representation or (alternative) representation, associated sub-regions, and the results of laser marking of the plurality of sub-regions or (alternative) sub-regions recorded by a preferred camera-supported sensor device. This can advantageously reduce the programming effort of the program and can create a self-learning program.

[0066] On the other hand, a system for laser marking of objects (e.g., containers) is disclosed. The system includes a processing unit configured to apply a computer-aided program (e.g., as disclosed herein), preferably an algorithm, to a provided (e.g., two-dimensional) representation (e.g., an image file), which divides the representation into a plurality of sub-regions. The system also includes a plurality of laser marking devices configured to receive the plurality of sub-regions divided by the processing unit and laser-mark the plurality of sub-regions on the object to generate a representation on the object, wherein each of the plurality of laser marking devices laser-marks (only) one of the plurality of sub-regions on the object and preferably receives (only) one sub-region. Optionally, the system may also include (e.g., a rotating) object conveyor (e.g., a container conveyor) arranged to transport the object along the plurality of laser marking devices.

[0067] Advantageously, the same advantages as those explained in the reference method can be achieved using this system.

[0068] It should be understood that all features described in the reference method also relate to the system being publicly disclosed and requiring protection, and vice versa.

[0069] Another aspect of this disclosure relates to a container handling facility (e.g., for temperature control, production, cleaning, coating, testing, filling, sealing, pasteurizing, decorating, labeling, printing, marking, laser marking, and / or packaging of containers for liquid or paste-like media (preferably beverages, liquid foods, or products used in the pharmaceutical or healthcare industries). The container handling facility may include systems as disclosed herein. The container handling facility may, for example, be a beverage filling facility.

[0070] For example, containers can be made into bottles, cans, tubes, cartons, small bottles, pipes, etc.

[0071] Preferably, the terms "control device" and / or "processing device" can refer to an electronic system (e.g., configured as a driver circuit or having a microprocessor and data memory) that, according to its design implementation, is capable of performing control and / or regulation and / or processing tasks. Although the term "control" is used herein, it can also include or be understood as "closed-loop control" or "control with feedback" and / or appropriate "processing." A processing device can be, for example, a central processing unit or can have multiple distributed or decentralized processing units.

[0072] On the other hand, it relates to a computer program product comprising instructions (e.g., at least one computer-readable storage medium having the instructions stored thereon) that cause a computing device to execute a program as disclosed herein.

[0073] The preferred embodiments and features of the present invention described above can be combined with each other as desired. Attached Figure Description

[0074] Further details and advantages of the invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0075] Figure 1 A schematic representation of a system according to an exemplary embodiment is shown;

[0076] Figure 2 A flowchart is shown of a method for laser marking an object according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0077] Figure 3 This illustrates dividing the representation into multiple sub-regions;

[0078] Figure 4 This illustrates dividing the representation into multiple sub-regions;

[0079] Figure 5 This illustrates dividing the representation into multiple sub-regions;

[0080] Figure 6 This illustrates dividing the representation into multiple sub-regions;

[0081] Figure 7 The laser marking is shown according to Figure 6 Laser marking can be conceivable in the case of tolerance-related positioning inaccuracies in the laser marking equipment for these multiple sub-regions;

[0082] Figure 8 This illustrates dividing the representation into multiple sub-regions; and

[0083] Figure 9 The laser marking is shown according to Figure 8 Laser marking can be conceivable in cases where the laser marking equipment for these multiple sub-regions has positioning inaccuracies related to tolerances.

[0084] The embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings correspond at least partially, such that similar or identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals, and reference is also made to the description of other embodiments or drawings to avoid repetition. Detailed Implementation

[0085] Figure 1 A system 10 for laser marking of an object 12 is shown. The object 12 is preferably implemented as a container. Preferably, the system 10 may be included or arranged in a container handling facility (e.g., a beverage filling facility).

[0086] System 10 includes multiple laser marking devices 20 and processing devices 32. Preferably, system 10 may also include an object conveyor 14 and / or sensor devices 30.

[0087] The object conveyor 14 can transport objects 12. Preferably, the object conveyor 14 is a single-track conveyor. Preferably, the object conveyor 14 transports objects 12 in a manner that they are spaced apart from each other, for example, transporting them individually.

[0088] The object conveyor 14 is preferably arranged to convey the object 12 along the laser marking device 20. For example, the laser marking device 20 may be arranged laterally next to the object conveyor 14, for example, inside or outside it.

[0089] For example, the object conveyor 14 can be a rotary object conveyor (object conveyor turntable), such as Figure 1 As shown by example, the object conveyor 14 can transport object 12 along a circular path.

[0090] Alternatively, the object conveyor 14 may be, for example, a linear object conveyor. A linear object conveyor may, for example, have a preferred circulating conveying element for transporting the object 12. The linear object conveyor may be, for example, a belt, strip, chain, or plate conveyor. The linear object conveyor may also be implemented as a long stator linear motor object conveyor or a (magnetic) planar motor driven object conveyor, which can move the object 12 independently of each other using moving parts (movers, shuttles).

[0091] The object conveyor 14 can support the object 12 during transport, preferably on the bottom and / or circumferential side and / or from above. The object conveyor 14 may have an object retainer for supporting the object 12. The object retainer may preferably hold the object 12 by means of the bottom of a clamp or the neck of a clamp.

[0092] For example, each object holder can support an object 12. Each object holder can, for example, have a container plate, a centering cover, a container clamp, and / or an inflation device.

[0093] The object conveyor 14 can be configured to allow each transported object 12 to rotate about its own vertical axis. Preferably, the object holder can be rotatable so that each of the objects 12 rotates about its vertical axis.

[0094] The object conveyor 14 may not have a separate object holder, and for example, the object 12 is simply supported on the preferred circulating conveying element (e.g., belt, strip, cord, chain, or plate) of the object conveyor 14.

[0095] The object conveyor 14 can be arranged downstream of the feeder conveyor 16 in the object flow. The feeder conveyor 14 can be, for example, a rotary object conveyor or a linear object conveyor. The object conveyor 14 can receive the object 12 transported by the feeder conveyor 16.

[0096] The object conveyor 14 can be arranged upstream of the feeder conveyor 18 in the object flow. The feeder conveyor 18 can be, for example, a rotary object conveyor or a linear object conveyor. The object conveyor 14 can transfer the object 12 (after laser marking by the laser marking device 20) to the feeder conveyor 18.

[0097] The laser marking devices 20 can be arranged along the object conveyor 14. For example, the laser marking devices 20 can be arranged adjacent to each other or one after another along the object conveyor 14. Other arrangements (e.g., at least partially one above another and / or on both long sides of the object conveyor 14) are also possible. The laser marking devices 20 can laser mark the object 12 while it is being conveyed / transported by the object conveyor 14 along the laser marking devices 20.

[0098] The laser marking device 20 can also be referred to as a laser labeling device, laser coding device, or laser engraving device. Preferably, the laser marking device 20 can be a CO2 laser marking device, a fiber laser marking device, or a UV laser marking device.

[0099] For example, laser marking devices 20 may each have a laser source 22, a marking head 24, a focusing optics 26, and / or their own control devices 28 (for clarity, in...). Figure 1 Only one laser marking device from laser marking device 20 is shown in the image.

[0100] The laser source 22 can be implemented, for example, as a laser tube. The laser tube can be hermetically sealed. The laser tube can be filled with a gas, such as CO2, or a gas mixture, such as a CO2-N2-He gas mixture. Electrodes can also be arranged inside the laser tube. A power supply unit can be connected to the electrodes ( Figure 1 (Not shown in the image). The power supply unit can supply electrical energy to the laser source 22. Using, for example, a high-frequency voltage, molecules (e.g., CO2 molecules) can be excited to oscillate within the laser tube, thereby emitting a laser beam. The laser source 22 can also be referred to as an oscillator.

[0101] The laser beam S generated by the laser source 22 can be guided or directed to the marking head 24, either directly or via a reflector. For example, a so-called mirror tube for extending the laser beam S can be arranged between the laser source 22 and the marking head 24.

[0102] The tag head 24 may also be referred to as an encoding head or a write head. The tag head 24 may preferably have two movable mirrors and two drivers for the mirrors. The first driver can rotate the first mirror about a first axis (e.g., the x-axis). The first mirror may also be referred to as a movable scanning mirror, such as an X-scanning mirror. The second driver can rotate the second mirror about a second axis (e.g., the y-axis). The second mirror may also be referred to as a movable scanning mirror, such as a Y-scanning mirror. The first axis and the second axis may preferably extend perpendicularly to each other.

[0103] A mirror moved by a driver can guide the laser beam S according to the laser mark to be applied. This allows the laser beam S to move on the surface of object 12, for example, while writing.

[0104] The focusing optics 26 can also be referred to as a condenser or condenser optics. The focusing optics 26 is preferably a planar field focusing optics. A planar field focusing optics can specify a planar focal plane. The planar field focusing optics can, for example, be or have an F-theta lens. The laser beam S can be focused by the focusing optics 26 before it strikes the surface of the object 12.

[0105] The focusing optics 26 can be integrated with or separately from the marking head 24, for example.

[0106] The control device 28 can operate the marking head 24 of the corresponding laser marking device 20 to generate laser markings on the surface of the object 12.

[0107] For example, control device 28 may receive, for instance, a sub-region of a two-dimensional representation (2D representation) of the desired laser mark from processing device 32. The sub-region of the 2D representation may preferably be received in the form of an image file. The 2D representation and its sub-regions may be, for example, vector graphics or raster graphics.

[0108] The control unit 28 of the laser marking device 20 can receive different sub-regions of the desired laser marking representation. The sub-regions can be together (e.g., placed on top of each other or adjacent to each other) to form a (complete) representation.

[0109] Preferably, the control device 28 can operate the driver of the marker head 24 based on the received sub-region represented in two dimensions. For example, the control device 28 can generate movement commands, such as drive signals, for the driver based on the received sub-region in order to generate laser markers.

[0110] The sensor device 30 can be arranged alongside the object conveyor 14, or, for example, downstream of it in the object flow. The sensor device 30 is preferably arranged downstream of the laser marking device 20 relative to the transport path of the object 12 through the system 10.

[0111] The sensor device 30 can be pointed at the object conveyor 14 or the object 12 transported by the object conveyor 14.

[0112] Sensor device 30 may include, for example, camera equipment, LED detection equipment or laser detection equipment.

[0113] Sensor device 30 can, for example, detect laser markings on object 12. The detected laser markings can preferably be captured as image files respectively.

[0114] The processing device 32 may be, for example, a PC or a server. Alternatively, the processing device 32 may be integrated with, for example, the control device 28.

[0115] The processing device 32 can communicate, for example, with the control device 28 of the laser marking device 20. The processing device 32 can transmit a preferably two-dimensional representation of a sub-region to the control device 28 for laser marking.

[0116] The processing device 32 is configured to apply a program to the representation of the desired laser mark to divide the representation into the plurality of sub-regions, as will be explained in more detail herein with reference to examples. In principle, the program can be implemented at least partially in hardware and / or at least partially in software.

[0117] Figure 2 A method for laser marking is illustrated schematically.

[0118] In step S10, a preferred two-dimensional representation D of the desired laser mark is provided, for example, as an image file. Preferably, representation D can be provided by processing device 32. Processing device 32 may have already received representation D via a communication interface, for example. Representation D can also be created by processing device 32, for example, through user input.

[0119] In step S12, a computer-aided program, such as an algorithm, is applied to representation D. The program divides representation D into multiple sub-regions T1 to T5. Sub-regions T1 to T5 are preferably provided as image files. Preferably, processing device 32 can apply the program to representation D.

[0120] It should be understood that the number of sub-regions T1 to T5 can vary depending on the representation D and the available equipment (in particular, the laser marking device 20). Preferably, the number of sub-regions T1 to T5 can be less than or equal to the number of laser marking devices 20.

[0121] The program can preferably divide the representation D such that subregions T1 to T5 do not overlap with each other. Subregions T1 to T5 can, for example, be adjacent to each other. Subregions T1 to T5 can together form representation D.

[0122] If the representation D consists essentially of characters (e.g., numbers, letters, etc.), then the subregions T1 to T5 can preferably be formed such that they have substantially equal numbers of characters, for example, with tolerances of ±10%, ±15%, or ±20%.

[0123] Particularly preferably, the program divides the representation D in a certain way to form the plurality of sub-regions T1 to T5, thereby reducing the representation elements, such as lines and characters, across the sub-regions. Therefore, the sub-regions T1 to T5 can help optically reduce tolerance-related positioning inaccuracies at the transitions between the plurality of sub-regions T1 to T5 during laser marking of the sub-regions T1 to T5.

[0124] Preferably, the program can identify one or more potential separation regions in representation D that satisfy at least one predetermined separation criterion of the program. At one or more detected potential separation regions, representation D can then be divided into the plurality of sub-regions T1 to T5, for example, according to at least one of other parameters, such as the number of laser marking devices 20, the maximum marking speed of the laser marking devices 20, and the object conveying speed of the object conveyor 14.

[0125] For example, the program can use a space separation criterion. If a region representing D without any represented elements is present or detected, the space separation criterion is satisfied. Therefore, this region without represented elements can be identified as a potential separation region.

[0126] As another example, the procedure can use a discontinuity separation criterion. If a discontinuous, preferably angled, line transition (mathematical discontinuity point) exists in representation D, then the discontinuity separation criterion is satisfied. Therefore, this discontinuous line transition can be detected as a potential separation region.

[0127] The program can also use density separation criteria. A density separation criterion is met if a region representing D has a lower point density and / or lower line density relative to other regions representing D. Therefore, this region can be detected as a potential separation region. This criterion can alternatively or additionally be used, for example, as an absolute criterion with limiting values ​​for (point / line) density.

[0128] The program can also use syntax separation criteria. If there are gaps between consecutive characters in each string, then the syntax separation criteria are met. Therefore, the regions containing these gaps can be detected as potential separation regions.

[0129] For example, a processing time synchronization separation criterion can also be used. This criterion can be met between regions that represent substantially the same (laser) processing time.

[0130] Although the separation criteria described above are intended to find possible boundaries or dividing lines / seams to define the sub-regions T1 to T5 to be formed, alternatively or additionally, for example, the procedure may detect one or more connecting regions in representation D that satisfy at least one predetermined connection criterion of the procedure.

[0131] The detected connected regions can be areas where dividing them into subregions T1 to T5 offers no advantage, because, for example, even with small tolerance-related positioning inaccuracies during laser marking, they can lead to a poor overall visual impression or significantly impair the readability of the laser-marked representation D. Therefore, the program can preferably divide the representation D into subregions T1 to T5 in a certain way based on at least one detected connected region, such that representation D is not divided in at least one of the detected connected regions.

[0132] For example, a program can use a padding region connection criterion. For instance, if a region filled with representation elements representing D is present or detected, the padding region connection criterion is satisfied. Representation elements can be, for example, dots, lines, characters, etc. Therefore, a region filled with representation elements can be detected as a connected region.

[0133] As another example, the program can use the continuity connection criterion. The continuity connection criterion is satisfied if a (mathematically) continuous line transition exists or is detected in representation D. This continuous line transition can be detected as a connection region.

[0134] The program can also use a density connectivity criterion. A density connectivity criterion is satisfied if the region representing D has a higher point density and / or a higher line density relative to other regions representing D. Therefore, the region can be detected as a connectivity region. This criterion can alternatively or additionally be used, for example, as an absolute criterion with limiting values ​​for (point / line) density.

[0135] The program can also use syntactic concatenation criteria. If a continuous string (e.g., a word, date, or multi-digit number) exists or is detected, the syntactic concatenation criteria can be satisfied. Therefore, the string can be detected as a concatenation region.

[0136] Alternatively, a code linking standard can be used when there is a visual code consisting of consecutive code elements (e.g., QR code, barcode, Aztec code, data matrix, PDF417, AR code, etc.) that satisfies the code linking standard.

[0137] Alternatively, a processing time-based connection criterion can be used, which is satisfied if subdivision into subregions is unnecessary due to sufficient total processing time. The total processing time can, for example, be less than a predetermined limit. Advantageously, if separation is not performed at all due to time constraints or machine performance reasons, it can be omitted.

[0138] It should be understood that the program preferably uses multiple separation point criteria and / or multiple connection criteria to divide the representation D into the multiple sub-regions T1 to T5, possibly based on other parameters, as already mentioned.

[0139] If multiple criteria are used, these criteria may, for example, be at least partially weighted differently, may be considered in a predetermined order in the program, and / or may be selectively selected at the time of application.

[0140] As already mentioned, the program can divide representation D into sub-regions T1 to T5 based on the predetermined maximum marking speed of the laser marking device 20. Alternatively, for example, the predetermined maximum jump speed of the laser marking device 20 can be considered. The program can use / these parameters in a way that the representation D is divided into sub-regions T1 to T5 in such a way that the marking duration of the laser marking devices 20 used for laser marking the corresponding sub-regions T1 to T5 is substantially equal. In other words, each laser marking device 20 requires approximately the same marking duration to laser mark the corresponding sub-regions T1 to T5.

[0141] As already mentioned, object 12 can be conveyed by object conveyor 14 during laser marking. Preferably, the program can divide representation D into sub-regions T1 to T5 based on the conveying speed of object conveyor 14 and / or the (e.g., fixed) object distance (division) of adjacent objects 12 conveyed by object conveyor 14.

[0142] Preferably, the program estimates (e.g., calculates) the total marking duration representing D based on the maximum marking speed of the laser marking device 20 and, optionally, the maximum jump speed of the laser marking device 20. The estimated total marking duration can then be divided by, for example, the number of laser marking devices 20 to calculate the individual marking duration. Then, for example, sub-regions T1 to T5 can preferably be formed in a certain way based on the calculated individual marking duration, such that each sub-region T1 to T5 can be laser-marked by the laser marking device 20 within approximately the calculated individual marking duration.

[0143] The program can also calculate the required number of the plurality of laser marking devices 20 for laser marking the entire representation D, and output this to the user, for example, via the user interface of system 10. For example, the required number can be calculated based on the representation D itself to be laser marked and other parameters, such as the maximum marking speed of the laser marking device 20, the maximum jump speed of the laser marking device 20, the object conveying speed of the object conveyor 14, and / or the individual marking duration of the laser marking device 20.

[0144] The program can even be configured as an AI (artificial intelligence) program.

[0145] For example, an AI program can be trained by inputting a representation D and the corresponding manually or automatically divided subregions T1 to T5 to learn how to optimally divide the representation D into multiple subregions T1 to T5.

[0146] It can also be envisioned that, through input representing D, the divided sub-regions T1 to T5, and sensor device 30 (see...) Figure 1The AI ​​program is trained using the results of laser markings representing D on the detected object 12. For example, the AI ​​program can learn how to form sub-regions T1 to T5 that are tolerant of positioning inaccuracies in the laser marking device 20.

[0147] Finally, in step S14, the plurality of laser marking devices 20 laser-mark sub-regions T1 to T5 on the object 12, thereby ultimately generating the desired laser markings conforming to representation D on the object 12 again. Each of the plurality of laser marking devices 20 laser-marks only one of the plurality of sub-regions T1 to T5 on the object 12. For example, the first laser marking device 20 may mark the first sub-region T1 on the object 12, the second laser marking device 20 may mark the second sub-region T2 on the object 12, and so on.

[0148] Figures 3 to 9 Exemplary variations of the program and preferred criteria for the program are illustrated.

[0149] Figure 3 The representation D of a character (e.g., a text character) can be divided into two sub-regions T1 and T2 by way of example for two laser marking devices 20.

[0150] The program can detect elongated / linear separation regions Z, for example, by applying syntax separation criteria and / or syntax connection criteria. The separation region Z, forming the boundary between two sub-regions T1 and T2, can have multiple line segments that are angled to each other and preferably straight. The two sub-regions T1 and T2 can advantageously be formed in such a way that, since the number of characters is substantially equal and the distance between them is similar, they require approximately equal mark durations.

[0151] Figure 4 The example illustrates how a graphic representation D can be divided into two sub-regions T1 and T2 for use by two laser marking devices 20.

[0152] The separation region Z can be detected, for example, by applying empty region separation criteria, filled region connection criteria, density separation criteria, and / or density connection criteria. The separation region Z, forming the boundary between two sub-regions T1 and T2, can then have multiple line portions that are angled to each other and preferably straight. The two sub-regions T1 and T2 can advantageously be formed in such a way that, since the number of represented elements is substantially equal, they require approximately equal marking durations.

[0153] Figure 5 The example illustrates how the graphic representation D can be divided into five sub-regions T1 to T5 for use with five laser marking devices 20.

[0154] This program can use different criteria to detect preferably linear separation regions Z. For example, discontinuous separation criteria and / or continuous connection criteria can be used to detect separation regions Z between sub-regions T1 and T4. For example, empty region separation criteria and / or filled region connection criteria can be used to detect separation regions Z between sub-regions T1 and T2, T2 and T3, T3 and T4, and T4 and T5.

[0155] As can be inferred from the previous explanation, in vector graphics, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the representation D, subregions T1 to T5 are preferably formed in a certain way by a procedure, such that each subregion T1 to T5 extends only on a portion of the vector graphic and is substantially formed by adjacent representation elements of the vector graphic.

[0156] In principle, this program can also be used to implement a representation D as a raster graphic, such as Figure 6 The example is shown below. Here, the procedure can divide representation D into two sub-regions T1 and T2 using the mentioned criteria, for example, as shown in the figure or in other ways. However, particularly in the case of the division into sub-regions T1 and T2 shown, the inaccuracy of the positioning of the laser marking device 20 may result in a visually unappealing overall impression, such as... Figure 7 The example demonstrates two different cases (offset in the y-direction and offset in the x-direction).

[0157] like Figure 8 As shown, it is therefore preferable that the program divides the representation D, implemented as a raster pattern, into sub-regions T1 to T3 in a certain way, such that each sub-region T1 to T3 is formed by multiple representation points of the raster pattern. The representation points of sub-regions T1 to T3 can each be distributed across the entire raster pattern and can be different from the multiple representation points of other sub-regions. Preferably, the (hypothetical) superposition of these multiple sub-regions T1 to T3 can then generate a raster pattern or representation D again.

[0158] like Figure 9 As shown, laser marking in this way can be less sensitive to or more tolerant of positioning inaccuracies of the laser marking device 20, while still conveying a visually appealing overall impression.

[0159] This invention is not limited to the preferred exemplary embodiments described above. Instead, various variations and modifications utilizing the same inventive concept are possible and therefore fall within the scope of protection. In particular, the invention also claims protection for the subject matter and features of the dependent claims, regardless of the claims they refer to. Specifically, each feature of independent claim 1 is disclosed independently of the others. All scopes specified herein should be understood to be disclosed in such a way that all values ​​falling within the relevant scope are disclosed individually, for example, also as narrower outer limits of the relevant preferred scope.

[0160] List of reference numerals

[0161] 10 system

[0162] 12 objects

[0163] 14. Object Conveyor

[0164] 16-feed conveyor

[0165] 18 feeder conveyors

[0166] 20 laser marking equipment

[0167] 22 laser sources

[0168] 24 marker header

[0169] 26 Focusing Optical Components

[0170] 28 control devices

[0171] 30 sensor devices

[0172] 32 processing units

[0173] S-laser beam

[0174] S10 to S14 Method Steps

[0175] T1 to T5 sub-regions

[0176] Z-separation region.

Claims

1. A method for laser marking of an object (12), preferably a container, the method comprising: Provide a representation of the desired laser marking (D); A computer-aided program and a preferred algorithm are applied to the representation (D), wherein the computer-aided program divides the representation (D) into multiple sub-regions (T1 to T5); and Multiple laser marking devices (20) laser mark the multiple sub-regions (T1 to T5) on the object (12) to generate the representation (D) on the object (12), wherein each of the multiple laser marking devices (20) laser marks one of the multiple sub-regions (T1 to T5) on the object (12).

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, At least one of the following conditions must be met: The multiple sub-regions (T1 to T5) do not overlap with each other; The multiple sub-regions (T1 to T5) are adjacent to each other; The multiple sub-regions (T1 to T5) together form the representation (D); The multiple sub-regions (T1 to T5) have substantially the same number of characters; The multiple sub-regions (T1 to T5) have substantially the same processing time; as well as The boundary lines between the plurality of sub-regions (T1 to T5) have multiple line portions that are angled to each other and preferably straight.

3. The method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein, At least one of the following conditions must be met: The multiple sub-regions (T1 to T5) are formed to reduce the representation elements across sub-regions; The plurality of sub-regions (T1 to T5) are formed to optically reduce tolerance-related positioning inaccuracies at the transitions between the plurality of sub-regions (T1 to T5) during laser marking of the plurality of sub-regions (T1 to T5).

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The application of the program includes: Detect one or more potential separation regions (Z) in the representation (D) that satisfy at least one predetermined separation criterion of the procedure. in: The program preferably divides the representation (D) into the plurality of sub-regions (T1 to T5) in a certain way according to at least one detected potential separation region (Z), such that the representation (D) is divided at at least one potential separation region among the detected potential separation regions (Z).

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The at least one predetermined separation criterion includes at least one of the following: The empty area separation criterion is satisfied when there is an area with no representation element in the representation (D); The discontinuity separation criterion is satisfied when there is a discontinuous, preferably angled, line transition in the representation (D); The density separation criterion is met if the region of the representation (D) has a lower point density and / or a lower line density and / or an absolute point density and / or an absolute line density less than a predetermined limit value compared to other regions of the representation (D). Syntax separation criteria: When there are gaps between consecutive characters in each string, the syntax separation criteria are met. The character number separation criterion is satisfied between regions of the representation (D) that each has a substantially equal number of characters. as well as The processing time synchronization separation criterion is satisfied between the regions represented, each having substantially equal processing times.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The application of the program includes: Detect one or more connection regions in the representation (D) that satisfy at least one predetermined connection criterion of the procedure. in: The program preferably divides the representation (D) into the plurality of sub-regions (T1 to T5) in a certain way according to at least one detected connection region, such that the representation (D) is not divided in at least one of the detected connection regions.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein, The at least one predetermined connection standard also includes at least one of the following: The filling area connection criterion is satisfied when there is a region filled with representation elements in the representation (D). A continuity connection criterion is satisfied if there is a continuous line transition in the representation (D). The density connection criterion is satisfied if a region of the representation (D) has a higher point density and / or a higher line density and / or an absolute point density and / or an absolute line density greater than a predetermined limit value compared to other regions of the representation (D). Syntax concatenation criteria: when consecutive strings exist, the syntax concatenation criteria are satisfied. A code connectivity standard is met when there exists a visual code consisting of consecutive code elements; and The processing time connection standard is satisfied if the total processing time is below the limit and therefore does not need to be divided into sub-regions.

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, At least one of the following conditions must be met: The program divides the representation (D) into the plurality of sub-regions (T1 to T5) based on the predetermined maximum marking speed of the plurality of laser marking devices (20) and / or the predetermined maximum jump speed of the plurality of laser marking devices (20); and The program divides the representation (D) into the plurality of sub-regions (T1 to T5) such that the marking durations of the plurality of laser marking devices (20) used for laser marking the corresponding sub-regions (T1 to T5) are substantially equal.

9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The method further includes: During the laser marking, the object (12) is conveyed by an object conveyor (14), wherein, preferably: The procedure divides the representation (D) into multiple sub-regions (T1 to T5) according to at least one of the following: -The preferred or pre-predictable conveying speed of the object conveyor (14); - The distance between adjacent objects (12) conveyed by the object conveyor (14); -The overall movement curve of the object (12) during transport.

10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The program estimates the total marking duration of the representation (D) based on the maximum marking speed of the plurality of laser marking devices (20) and optionally the maximum jump speed of the plurality of laser marking devices (20) and / or the conveying speed of the object conveyor (14) and / or the target output power of the plurality of laser marking devices (20); The estimated total marking duration is divided by the number of the plurality of laser marking devices (20) to calculate the individual marking duration; and The multiple sub-regions (T1 to T5) are formed based on the calculated duration of each individual marker.

11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The program calculates and outputs the required number of laser marking devices (20) for laser marking the multiple sub-regions (T1 to T5) based on the representation (D) and the maximum marking speed of the multiple laser marking devices (20), the object conveying speed of the optional object conveyor (14), and / or the individual marking duration of the multiple laser marking devices (20).

12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The representation (D) is a raster pattern; and The program divides the raster pattern into multiple sub-regions (T1 to T5) in a certain way, such that each sub-region (T1 to T5) is formed by multiple representation points of the raster pattern, the multiple representation points being distributed across the entire raster pattern and different from the multiple representation points of the other sub-regions (T1 to T5). Preferably, the grating pattern is generated by superimposing the plurality of sub-regions (T1 to T5).

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein: The representation (D) is a vector graphic or a raster graphic; and The program divides the vector graphic or raster graphic into the plurality of sub-regions (T1 to T5) in such a way that each of the plurality of sub-regions (T1 to T5) extends only on a portion of the vector graphic or raster graphic and / or is substantially formed by adjacent representation elements of the vector graphic or raster graphic. Preferably: The vector graphics or raster graphics are generated by placing the multiple sub-regions (T1 to T5) adjacent to each other.

14. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The program in question is an AI program. Preferably: The AI ​​program is trained by input representation (D) and associated partitioned sub-regions (T1 to T5); and / or The AI ​​program is trained by inputting the representation (D), the associated divided sub-regions (T1 to T5), and the results of the laser markings on the multiple sub-regions (T1 to T5) of the object (12) detected by the preferred camera-supported sensor device (30).

15. A system (10) for laser marking of an object (12), the system (10) comprising: Processing device (32) configured to apply a computer-aided program, preferably an algorithm, to a provided representation (D), the computer-aided program dividing the representation (D) into multiple sub-regions (T1 to T5). as well as Multiple laser marking devices (20) are configured to receive the multiple sub-regions (T1 to T5) divided by the processing device (32) and laser mark the multiple sub-regions on the object (12) to generate the representation (D) on the object (12), wherein each of the multiple laser marking devices (20) laser marks one of the multiple sub-regions (T1 to T5) on the object (12) and preferably receives the one sub-region; and optional An object conveyor (14) is arranged to transport the object (12) along the plurality of laser marking devices (20).

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