A towed snowmelt spreading device

Abstract

The application designs a towing type snow-melting agent spreading device, belongs to the technical field of road snow removal equipment, and aims to solve the problems of low artificial spreading efficiency, high labor intensity, difficulty in meeting large-area snow removal demand, unstable conveying of existing equipment and the like in northern winter road snow cleaning. The device adopts a towing type vehicle body, a snow-melting agent storage box body, a spiral conveying mechanism, a pair of roller crushing mechanisms, a belt conveying mechanism and a spreading mechanism are sequentially arranged on the vehicle body. The bottom of the storage box body is provided with an inclined flow guide structure to facilitate smooth falling of the material; the spiral conveying mechanism uniformly feeds the material; the pair of roller crushing mechanisms are synchronously and reversely rotated through gear meshing to crush the caked snow-melting agent; the belt conveying mechanism continuously conveys the material; the spreading mechanism adopts a multi-roller circumferential design, the spreading rollers are driven to rotate through bevel gear transmission, and are uniformly thrown and spread by centrifugal force. The device has compact structure and stable transmission, can avoid accumulation and material breakage, improve the spreading efficiency, and is suitable for long-time and high-intensity road snow removal operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of snow removal equipment technology, specifically a trailer-mounted de-icing agent spreading device. Background Technology

[0002] Snowfall significantly impacts road traffic safety. Repeatedly compacted snow by vehicles forms a hard, smooth layer of ice, significantly reducing tire-to-road friction and making vehicles prone to displacement and loss of control during braking or steering. In such conditions, predicting braking distance becomes extremely difficult, and improper operation by drivers at high speeds or during sharp turns can easily lead to serious traffic accidents. Therefore, timely and effective removal of snow and black ice from roads is crucial for ensuring winter traffic safety. As a core piece of equipment for winter road maintenance, de-icing agent spreading devices primarily function to evenly spread de-icing agents, anti-skid sand, and other materials on the road surface. By lowering the melting point of ice and snow or increasing friction, they quickly restore road conditions, thereby ensuring the safety and smooth flow of traffic at highways, urban roads, airports, and other transportation hubs.

[0003] Existing de-icing agent spreading equipment, especially small and medium-sized equipment, often has limited functionality. They typically only perform simple spreading operations and generally lack the ability to pre-treat the material's condition. In actual storage and use, de-icing agents are highly susceptible to caking due to moisture absorption. If these caking materials directly enter the spreading system, they will not only cause blockages in the discharge port and conveying pipes, affecting the continuity of operations, but also lead to belt breaks or accumulation, severely reducing snow removal efficiency and material utilization. Furthermore, traditional equipment suffers from insufficient reliability in material conveying, often exhibiting problems such as unstable power transmission and conveying interruptions, making it difficult to meet the demands of long-term, high-efficiency snow removal operations. Simultaneously, the spreading coverage and distance are limited: relying on disc centrifugal spreading, the material's projection path under centrifugal force is short, requiring frequent equipment movement to cover the work area; this method also easily results in a "dense coverage in the center and sparse coverage at the edges," with short spreading distances leading to uneven coverage and potential localized missed areas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a trailer-mounted de-icing agent spreading device, which can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as uneven spreading of de-icing agent, broken strips or accumulation, which seriously reduce the snow removal effect and material utilization rate.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a trailer-mounted de-icing agent spreading device, comprising a trailer body, wherein a de-icing agent storage box, a screw conveyor mechanism, a roller crushing mechanism, a belt conveyor mechanism and a de-icing agent spreading mechanism are sequentially arranged on the trailer body along the material travel direction;

[0006] The bottom of the de-icing agent storage box is provided with a discharge port, and the bottom of the inner cavity of the box forms a guide structure that slopes towards the discharge port;

[0007] The spiral conveying mechanism includes a U-shaped conveying trough, a spiral shaft is provided inside the U-shaped conveying trough, spiral blades are uniformly fixed to the shaft surface of the spiral shaft by bolts, the two ends of the spiral shaft are respectively rotatably connected to the side wall of the U-shaped conveying trough by bearings and bearing seats, and a driven sprocket is fixedly installed at one end of the spiral shaft through the U-shaped conveying trough by a key fit.

[0008] The roller crushing mechanism includes a fixed crushing frame, on which a driving crushing roller and a driven crushing roller are arranged in parallel. The journals at both ends of the driving crushing roller and the driven crushing roller are rotatably connected to bearing seats fixed on the crushing frame through rolling bearings.

[0009] The belt conveyor mechanism includes a conveyor frame fixedly mounted on the trailer body. A drive roller and a driven roller are rotatably mounted at both ends of the conveyor frame. An annular conveyor belt is fitted around the outer periphery of the drive roller and the driven roller. Multiple load-bearing idlers are rotatably mounted below the load-bearing section of the conveyor frame.

[0010] The de-icing agent spreading device includes a spreading mechanism housing fixedly mounted on the trailer body and the de-icing agent storage box. A spreading roller shaft is rotatably connected inside the spreading mechanism housing via a spreading roller bearing. Multiple spreading rollers are evenly distributed and welded to the spreading roller shaft along its circumference.

[0011] Preferably, the spiral conveying mechanism further includes a first drive motor disposed outside the de-icing agent storage tank. The output shaft of the first drive motor is provided with a drive sprocket. The drive sprocket meshes with the driven sprocket through a chain. The feed end of the U-shaped conveying trough is provided with a feed port flange. The feed port flange is sealed to the discharge port of the de-icing agent storage tank.

[0012] Preferably, the roller crushing mechanism further includes a second drive motor. The output shaft of the second drive motor is fixedly connected to a drive pulley via a key. One end of the drive crushing roller is fixedly connected to a driven pulley via a key. The drive pulley and the driven pulley are connected by a transmission belt. The same end of the drive crushing roller is also fixedly connected to a drive gear via a key. The corresponding end of the driven crushing roller is fixedly connected to a driven gear via a key. The tooth surface of the driven gear meshes with the tooth surface of the drive gear.

[0013] Preferably, the belt conveyor mechanism (5) further includes a third drive motor (505). The output shaft of the third drive motor (505) is fixedly connected to a drive pulley via a key. One end of the drive roller (502) is fixedly connected to a driven pulley via a key. The diameter of the driven pulley is larger than the diameter of the drive pulley. The drive pulley and the driven pulley are connected by a transmission belt, thereby transmitting power to the drive roller (502) after speed reduction and torque increase.

[0014] Preferably, the de-icing agent spreading mechanism further includes a drive motor fixedly mounted on the housing of the spreading mechanism. The output shaft of the drive motor is directly connected to the input end of the reducer. The output end of the reducer is connected to a transmission shaft via a coupling. A driving bevel gear is fixedly mounted at the end of the transmission shaft, and a driven bevel gear is fixedly mounted at the corresponding end of the spreading roller shaft. The tooth surface of the driven bevel gear meshes with the tooth surface of the driving bevel gear.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: the invention has a scientific and reasonable structure and is quick and efficient to use.

[0016] The de-icing agent pretreatment mechanism of this invention achieves efficient and uniform crushing of agglomerated de-icing agents through a gear transmission assembly, solving the problems of blockage and uneven distribution caused by material agglomeration in traditional equipment from the source. In this mechanism, the driving gear and the driven gear mesh to form a gear transmission pair, with the driven gear fixed to the end of the driven crushing roller by a key. This transmission design can drive the driving and driven crushing rollers to rotate synchronously at the same speed but in opposite directions, ensuring a stable and controllable crushing process. When the agglomerated de-icing agent fed upstream enters the crushing gap between the two rollers, it is subjected to a combination of compression and shearing action by the high-speed relative rotating rollers, rapidly crushing and decomposing it into uniform particles. Ultimately, this achieves the fine crushing and particle size homogenization of the de-icing agent agglomerates, providing a basic guarantee for the uniform and continuous distribution of the de-icing agent, and effectively avoiding problems such as conveyor blockage and distribution belt breakage caused by material agglomeration.

[0017] The spreading mechanism of this invention uses a drive motor to amplify the torque through a reducer, which then drives the spreading roller shaft to rotate synchronously via a bevel gear transmission pair. This ensures reliable power direction conversion and a stable rotational speed for the spreading roller shaft, effectively reducing fluctuations in the spreading amount caused by power fluctuations. When the de-icing agent supplied by the front-end conveying system falls into the working area of ​​the high-speed rotating spreading roller, it is evenly spread under the centrifugal force of the spreading roller, effectively avoiding material accumulation or uneven spreading. This improves the uniformity and overall efficiency of the snow melting operation, while reducing the frequency of vehicle reciprocation and operating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the trailer-mounted snow melting agent spreading device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the de-icing agent storage box of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the spiral conveying mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the roller crushing mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the belt conveyor mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the de-icing agent spreading mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the spreading roller and transmission components of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the circumferential distribution of the spreading rollers in this invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the spiral blades and the spiral shaft in the spiral conveying mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the meshing transmission between the active crushing roller gear and the driven crushing roller gear in the roller crushing mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] In the picture:

[0030] 1. Trailer body; 2. De-icing agent storage box; 3. Screw conveyor mechanism; 301. First drive motor; 302. Drive sprocket; 303. U-shaped conveyor trough; 304. Screw shaft; 305. Driven sprocket; 306. Chain; 307. Feed inlet flange; 309. Bearing; 310. Bearing housing; 311. Screw blade; 4. Roller crushing mechanism; 401. Crusher frame; 402. Driven crushing roller; 403. Driven crushing roller; 404. Small pulley; 405. Second drive motor; 406. Drive gear; 407. Driven gear; 408. Large pulley; 5. Belt conveyor mechanism; 501. Conveyor frame; 502. Drive roller; 503. Driven roller; 504. Coupling; 505. Third drive motor; 506. Circular conveyor belt; 507. Load-bearing idler; 508. Return idler; 509. Tension adjustment device; 6. De-icing agent spreading mechanism; 601. Spreading mechanism housing; 602. Spreading roller bearing; 603. Spreading roller shaft; 604. Spreading roller; 605. Drive motor; 606. Reducer; 607. Coupling; 608. Transmission shaft; 609. Driving bevel gear; 610. Driven bevel gear. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described below are only for illustrating this invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort should all fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0032] like Figure 1-10As shown, the present invention provides a trailer-mounted de-icing agent spreading device, including a trailer body (1), a de-icing agent storage box (2), a screw conveyor mechanism (3), a roller crushing mechanism (4), a belt conveyor mechanism (5), and a de-icing agent spreading mechanism (6). The various mechanisms are connected mechanically and electrically to form a complete working system. Among them, the trailer body (1) is connected to the working vehicle through a traction connection structure to provide power and driving support during road operations; the de-icing agent storage box (2) is set on the vehicle body and is used to store de-icing agent inside. Its bottom is provided with an inclined guide structure so that the de-icing agent naturally converges to the discharge port to prevent the material from accumulating in the box; the screw conveyor mechanism (3) is set below the discharge port of the storage box (2), and its inlet flange (307) is sealed to the discharge port of the box. The screw shaft (304) is connected to the first drive motor ( Driven by 301), the mechanism rotates to achieve uniform delivery of the de-icing agent; the roller crushing mechanism (4) is set at the discharge end of the screw conveyor mechanism (3), which includes an active crushing roller (402) and a driven crushing roller (403), forming a crushing channel between them; the belt conveyor mechanism (5) is set below the crushing mechanism to continuously deliver the crushed de-icing agent to the spreading mechanism (6); the de-icing agent spreading mechanism (6) is set at the very end, and spreads the de-icing agent evenly on the road surface by rotating the spreading roller (604) at high speed.

[0033] In this embodiment, the screw conveyor (3) is driven by a first drive motor (301), and its output shaft drives the screw shaft (304) to rotate via a drive sprocket (302), a chain (306), and a driven sprocket (305). The screw blades (311) rotate with the shaft, uniformly feeding the de-icing agent falling from the storage box (2) into the roller crushing mechanism (4). By adjusting the speed of the first drive motor (301), the conveying speed can be controlled to adapt to different road widths and de-icing agent usage.

[0034] The second drive motor (405) in the roller crushing mechanism (4) drives the active crushing roller (402) and the driven crushing roller (403) to rotate in opposite directions through a belt pulley and gear transmission. The agglomerated de-icing agent falls between the two rollers and is crushed into granules by compression and shearing before falling naturally. The gap between the crushing rollers is adjustable to accommodate different particle sizes and agglomerated hardness.

[0035] The belt conveyor mechanism (5) is driven by a third drive motor (505). The drive pulley on the output shaft of the third drive motor (505) transmits power to the driven pulley, which has a larger diameter and is fixed at one end of the drive roller (502), through the transmission belt. This achieves speed reduction and torque increase, thereby driving the drive roller (502) to rotate and drive the annular conveyor belt (506) to run. The upper part of the conveyor belt serves as the load-bearing section, supporting the de-icing agent and conveying it smoothly under the support of the load-bearing idler roller (507). The lower part is the return section, which is supported by the return idler roller (508) to prevent sagging. The bearing seats at both ends of the driven roller (503) are connected to the tension adjustment device (509) set on the conveyor frame (501) to adjust the tension of the conveyor belt, ensure stable transmission, and avoid slippage.

[0036] The de-icing agent spreading mechanism (6) includes a housing (601), a spreading roller shaft (603), and multiple spreading rollers (604) distributed circumferentially. The spreading mechanism drive motor (605) is driven by a reducer (606) and a driving bevel gear (609), meshing with a driven bevel gear (610) at the end of the spreading roller shaft (603) to achieve a 90° change in power direction. Under centrifugal force, the spreading rollers (604) evenly spread the de-icing agent that falls into the housing (601) onto the working surface. Adjusting the speed of the motor (605) can change the spreading radius and coverage width to adapt to different road conditions.

[0037] This invention can also be functionally adjusted according to different work scenarios:

[0038] (a) Narrow road operation: reduce the speed of the first drive motor (301) and the spreader drive motor (605) to reduce the conveying volume and spread distance, and at the same time reduce the gap between the two crushing rollers to improve the spread uniformity.

[0039] (ii) Wide-span road operation: Increase the speed of each drive motor to increase the conveying and spreading range, and appropriately increase the tension of the conveyor belt to ensure stable high-flow conveying.

[0040] (iii) Treating severely agglomerated de-icing agents: reduce the screw conveyor speed, increase the crushing roller speed and reduce the gap to enhance the crushing effect.

[0041] After the operation is completed, the residual de-icing agent in the screw conveyor mechanism (3), roller crushing mechanism (4), and spreading mechanism (6) should be cleaned in a timely manner to prevent moisture absorption, clumping, and clogging of the equipment. Regularly check the lubrication of each bearing, gear (406, 407, 609, 610), and other transmission parts, and add appropriate lubricating oil. At the same time, check the electrical circuits and insulation performance to avoid short circuits caused by low temperature and humid environment. When the equipment is not in use, it should be stored in a dry and ventilated place to prevent rust. Operators must wear protective equipment when working to avoid de-icing agent splashing into the eyes or coming into contact with the skin. When the equipment is running, it is strictly forbidden to approach the rotating parts. If abnormal noise, uneven spreading, or conveying interruption occurs, the machine should be stopped immediately for inspection and repair. Operation can only continue after the fault has been eliminated.

[0042] Through the above structural design, the trailer-mounted de-icing agent spreading device of the present invention has a compact structure and complete functions. It not only realizes the integrated operation of continuous conveying, crushing and spreading of de-icing agent, but also achieves control of different road widths and degrees of agglomeration through multi-level speed regulation, thereby significantly improving the efficiency and uniformity of de-icing operations and having high practical value.

Claims

1. A trailer-mounted de-icing agent spreading device, comprising a trailer body (1), characterized in that: The trailer body (1) is provided with a de-icing agent storage box (2), a screw conveyor mechanism (3), a double roller crushing mechanism (4), a belt conveyor mechanism (5) and a de-icing agent spreading mechanism (6) in sequence along the material travel direction. The bottom of the de-icing agent storage box (2) is provided with a discharge port, and a guide structure inclined towards the discharge port is formed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the box. The spiral conveying mechanism (3) includes a U-shaped conveying trough (303), a spiral shaft (304) is provided in the U-shaped conveying trough (303), spiral blades (311) are uniformly fixedly connected to the shaft surface of the spiral shaft (304) by bolts, and the two ends of the spiral shaft (304) are rotatably connected to the side wall of the U-shaped conveying trough (303) by bearings (309) and bearing seats (310) respectively. One end of the spiral shaft (304) extends out of the U-shaped conveying trough (303) and is fixedly installed with a driven sprocket (305) by key fit. The roller crushing mechanism (4) includes a fixed crushing frame (401), on which a driving crushing roller (402) and a driven crushing roller (403) are arranged in parallel. The journals at both ends of the driving crushing roller (402) and the driven crushing roller (403) are rotatably connected to the bearing seats (409) fixed on the crushing frame (401) by rolling bearings (408). The belt conveyor mechanism (5) includes a conveyor frame (501) fixedly mounted on the trailer body (1). Drive rollers (502) and driven rollers (503) are rotatably mounted at both ends of the conveyor frame (501). An annular conveyor belt (506) is sleeved around the outer periphery of the drive rollers (502) and driven rollers (503). Multiple load-bearing idlers (507) are rotatably mounted below the load-bearing section of the conveyor frame (501), and multiple return idlers (508) are rotatably mounted below the return section of the conveyor frame (501). The de-icing agent spreading mechanism (6) includes a spreading mechanism housing (601) fixedly installed on the trailer body (1) and the de-icing agent storage box (2). A spreading roller shaft (603) is rotatably connected inside the spreading mechanism housing (601) through a spreading roller bearing (602). Multiple spreading rollers (604) are evenly distributed and welded on the spreading roller shaft (603) along its circumference.

2. The trailer-mounted de-icing agent spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral conveying mechanism (3) also includes a first drive motor (301) located outside the de-icing agent storage box (2). The output shaft of the first drive motor (301) is provided with a drive sprocket (302). The drive sprocket (302) is meshed with the driven sprocket (305) through a chain (306). The feed end of the U-shaped conveying trough (303) is provided with a feed port flange (307). The feed port flange (307) is sealed to the discharge port of the de-icing agent storage box (2).

3. The trailer-mounted de-icing agent spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller crushing mechanism (4) further includes a second drive motor (405). The output shaft of the second drive motor (405) is fixedly connected to a drive pulley via a key. One end of the drive crushing roller (402) is fixedly connected to a driven pulley via a key. The drive pulley and the driven pulley are connected by a transmission belt. The end of the drive crushing roller (402) is also fixedly connected to a drive gear (406) via a key. The corresponding end of the driven crushing roller (403) is fixedly connected to a driven gear (407) via a key. The tooth surface of the driven gear (407) meshes with the tooth surface of the drive gear (406).

4. The trailer-mounted de-icing agent spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The belt conveyor mechanism (5) also includes a third drive motor (505). The output shaft of the third drive motor (505) is fixedly connected to a drive pulley via a key. One end of the drive roller (502) is fixedly connected to a driven pulley via a key. The diameter of the driven pulley is larger than that of the drive pulley. The drive pulley and the driven pulley are connected by a transmission belt, so that the power is transmitted to the drive roller (502) after speed reduction and torque increase, so as to drive the annular conveyor belt (506) to run.

5. The trailer-mounted de-icing agent spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The de-icing agent spreading mechanism (6) also includes a drive motor (605) fixedly mounted on the housing (601) of the spreading mechanism. The output shaft of the drive motor (605) is directly connected to the input end of the reducer (606). The output end of the reducer (606) is connected to a transmission shaft (608) via a coupling (607). A drive bevel gear (609) is fixedly mounted at the end of the transmission shaft (608). A driven bevel gear (610) is fixedly mounted at the corresponding end of the spreading roller shaft (603). The tooth surface of the driven bevel gear (610) meshes with the tooth surface of the drive bevel gear (609).

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