Energy-saving heating kang based on composite heat dissipation structure

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of energy-saving heating kang based on composite heat dissipation structure, including kang body and the flue being arranged in its interior, at least two exposed side elevation of kang body is configured as composite heat dissipation structure;Composite heat dissipation structure includes from inside to outside: steel structure framework, the support frame of side elevation is formed;Fire-resistant heat conduction layer, is arranged in steel structure framework;Heat dissipation wing plate component, is placed on the heat dissipation surface side of fire-resistant heat conduction layer towards indoor, to spread the heat conducted by fire-resistant heat conduction layer to indoor.The present application significantly improves the heat dissipation efficiency of exposed surface of fire kang, accelerates thermal response, and realizes multi-mode heating structure.Can be quickly responded and can simultaneously provide the effect of radiation and convection heating, reduce fuel consumption, improve indoor thermal comfort.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rural building heating technology, specifically to a novel composite heating device that integrates a high-efficiency heat dissipation structure with a traditional heated brick bed heat source, suitable for rural residences and various scenarios requiring low-cost, high-efficiency heating. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional rural kang (heated brick beds) are typically constructed using adobe bricks, clay bricks, or concrete blocks. Their working principle involves using the smoke from cooking or other combustion processes, which flows through a winding flue within the kang to heat the heavy kang material (mainly clay or concrete). The large heat capacity of this material stores the heat, which is then slowly radiated into the room through the kang surface (usually cement-plastered or tiled). This traditional structure has the following inherent drawbacks: (1) Slow thermal response: The heat capacity of the kang body material is large, and it takes a long time to heat up to reach the appropriate temperature. It also cools down slowly after the fire is turned off, making it inconvenient to flexibly adjust the heating intensity and time according to the user's needs.

[0003] (2) Low and uneven heat dissipation efficiency: The heat is mainly dissipated through the upper surface. The side facade (i.e. the exposed wall facade of the kang) has a low thermal conductivity due to the material itself and usually does not have a special heat dissipation design. Its heat dissipation contribution is very small, resulting in a large amount of heat accumulating inside the kang body. The proportion of effective heat dissipated into the room is limited, resulting in heat energy waste.

[0004] (3) Low thermal energy utilization: A large amount of heat is stored in the kang body or discharged through the chimney, and is not effectively utilized by the indoor space, resulting in relatively high fuel consumption, which does not meet the energy-saving requirements.

[0005] (4) Single function: It can only provide radiant heating on the kang surface, and cannot achieve convection heating through radiators like modern water heating systems. It is difficult to improve the thermal comfort uniformity of the whole room and cannot meet the user's demand for heating the whole room.

[0006] While existing technologies include improved solutions that embed water circulation pipes within the kang (heated brick bed), such as the invention patent with authorization announcement number CN202328494U, the core of these solutions still relies on the kang body as the primary heat dissipation surface, with the circulation pipes or internal heating element placed inside. This approach remains limited by the thermal conductivity of the kang body material and fails to address the weak heat dissipation capacity of the side facades, thus failing to fundamentally resolve the aforementioned deficiencies. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of kang structure that can significantly improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the exposed surfaces (especially the side facades), accelerate thermal response, and enable multi-mode heating. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of traditional kang (heated brick beds) in the prior art, such as low heat dissipation efficiency, slow thermal response, single function, and low thermal energy utilization, this invention provides an energy-saving kang based on a composite heat dissipation structure. It achieves a stable structure, high heat dissipation efficiency, rapid response, and can provide both radiant and convective heating, thereby reducing fuel consumption and improving indoor thermal comfort.

[0008] Technical solution

[0009] An energy-saving heating kang (a traditional heated brick bed) based on a composite heat dissipation structure includes a kang body and at least one flue disposed inside the kang body. Its innovation lies in the fact that at least two opposing exposed side facades of the kang body (typically the long sides of the headboard and edge of the kang) are constructed as a composite heat dissipation structure. This composite heat dissipation structure, from the inside out, includes: (1) Steel structure frame: As the main load-bearing and support frame of the exposed side facade, it is made of vertical keel and horizontal connecting rod welded or fastened to ensure the stability of the side facade structure and provide the installation foundation for subsequent layers of structure.

[0010] (2) Refractory and heat-conducting layer: This layer is filled or laid on the inner side of the steel structure frame (the side facing the inside of the kang). It is made of a material that is refractory and has a thermal conductivity significantly higher than that of traditional adobe or concrete, preferably refractory cement mortar, high-temperature resistant concrete mixed with metal aggregate, or molded refractory ceramic plate. Its function is to efficiently transfer the heat from the flue and the inside of the kang to the steel structure frame, reducing the accumulation of heat inside the kang.

[0011] (3) Heat dissipation fin assembly: formed by extending outward (towards the indoor space, i.e., extending outward from the side facade of the kang along a direction perpendicular to the vertical keel) from at least a portion of the vertical keel of the steel structure frame, or fixedly connected to the outer surface of the steel structure frame. The heat dissipation fin assembly is encapsulated with a fluid channel inside, the inlet and outlet of which penetrate through the side facade of the kang or are led out from the bottom, for connecting to an external circulation pipeline to realize active heat transport.

[0012] (4) Decorative cover: It can be detachably covered on the outside of the heat dissipation fin assembly. It has a grille or louver to promote air convection, which not only ensures heat dissipation, but also serves as decoration and protection, and facilitates later maintenance and repair.

[0013] Furthermore, the circulating medium within the fluid channel is water or antifreeze, adapting to the usage requirements under different climatic conditions and preventing the medium from freezing and damaging the channel in low-temperature environments. The inlet and outlet of the fluid channel are connected via pipelines to an embedded heat exchange coil located inside the kang (heated brick bed) or a heat exchanger located in the flue, forming a closed-loop system; alternatively, the inlet and outlet of the fluid channel can be directly connected to a household independent heating boiler system or a solar water heating system, forming an open-loop system and broadening the range of heat source adaptability.

[0014] Furthermore, a flexible fire-resistant and heat-insulating material (such as a ceramic fiber blanket) can be provided between the steel structure frame and the fire-resistant and heat-conducting layer to reduce heat leakage to non-target directions (such as underground or adjacent rooms) while ensuring structural strength, reduce heat loss, and allow the structure to expand and contract during heating and cooling to avoid structural deformation and damage.

[0015] Furthermore, the heat dissipation fin assembly can be designed in various forms, such as: consisting of multiple parallel vertical flat steel tubes; or consisting of a finned tube sheet formed by continuous bending; or having parallel heat dissipation fins welded to the outside of the vertical keel, with channels formed inside the fins. The choice can be made flexibly according to the actual usage scenario and processing cost.

[0016] Furthermore, the internal flue of the kang body, located near the composite heat dissipation structure, may have a metal heat-conducting plate partially used on its flue wall to enhance the heat transfer efficiency to that area and further improve the heat dissipation effect of the composite heat dissipation structure.

[0017] Beneficial effects

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) High-efficiency dual heat dissipation: This invention creatively transforms the exposed side facade of the kang (heated brick bed) into an active heat dissipation surface. On the one hand, heat is quickly transferred to the steel structure and heat dissipation fins through a highly thermally conductive refractory heat-conducting layer, and efficient convection and radiation heat dissipation is achieved by utilizing the surface of the metal fins; on the other hand, the fluid channels in the fins actively transport excess heat to the radiators at a more distant location (which can be installed in other parts of the room) through a circulating medium (water / antifreeze), realizing a dual heating mode of "radiation heat dissipation of the kang body itself + convection heat dissipation of the radiators", which greatly improves the heat energy utilization rate and the uniformity of room thermal comfort.

[0019] (2) Rapid thermal response: The thermal conductivity of metal structures is much faster than that of traditional adobe and concrete materials. Heat can be quickly transferred from the inside of the kang body to the heat dissipation surface, shortening the heating time of the kang surface and room, making it easier for users to heat on demand and reducing ineffective energy consumption.

[0020] (3) Stable structure and lightweight: The steel frame provides strong support and allows the use of relatively thin fire-resistant and heat-conducting layers. While maintaining structural stability and meeting the strength requirements, it reduces the total weight of the kang body, which is conducive to reducing the load requirements of the building structure and adapting to more rural residential scenarios.

[0021] (4) Flexibility and multi-functional integration: The fluid circulation system can be coupled with various heat sources (waste heat from the kang, independent boilers, solar energy, etc.), which broadens the application scenarios. Users can choose whether to turn on the liquid circulation as needed to achieve different heating intensities and meet the usage needs of different seasons and time periods.

[0022] (5) Significant energy saving effect: By maximizing the utilization of the residual heat of the kang flue gas and improving heat dissipation efficiency, fuel consumption is reduced, user operating costs are reduced, and pollutant emissions are reduced, thus achieving the goals of energy saving and environmental protection.

[0023] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 : A three-dimensional cross-sectional schematic diagram of the energy-saving heating kang (heated brick bed) structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 : A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the side elevation of the composite heat dissipation structure.

[0026] Figure 3 : A schematic diagram of a heat dissipation fin assembly consisting of vertical flat steel pipes installed on the side facade.

[0027] Figure 4 : A front view of another embodiment of the heat dissipation finned plate assembly (finned tube sheet) in this invention.

[0028] Figure 5 : A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of connecting the heating system of this invention to an external heat source.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Main body of the kang (heated brick bed); 2. Flue; 3. Side facade; 4. Refractory heat-conducting layer; 5. Heat dissipation fin assembly; 6. Vertical keel; 7. Horizontal connecting rod; 8. Finned tube sheet; 9. Upper manifold; 10. Lower manifold; 11. Heat exchange coil; 12. Combustion chamber; 13. Flexible refractory insulation layer; 14. Removable decorative cover; 15. Metal heat-conducting plate; 16. Foundation; 17. Chimney; 18. Perlite insulation layer; 19. Concrete kang surface layer; 20. Small circulating pump; 21. Expansion tank; 22. Coal / gas-fired heating boiler system or solar water heating system; 23. Remote radiator. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1:

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, an energy-saving heating kang (a traditional heated brick bed) based on a composite heat dissipation structure has a kang body 1 consisting of a red brick foundation 16, a perlite insulation layer 18 filled between the frames, and a concrete kang surface layer 19 on top. The kang body is equipped with a conventional meandering flue 2. Figure 1 The filling port extends into the kang cavity (up to the lower end of chimney 17) to introduce combustion flue gas (fuel) to provide a heat source for the kang body; this is a common kang design.

[0033] The core improvement of this embodiment lies in the construction of a composite heat dissipation structure on the two exposed side facades 3 (i.e., the exposed wall facades of the kang, typically the long sides of the head and edge of the kang) along the length of the kang body. This structure extends from the inside out (from the kang cavity...) Figure 1 The combustion chamber 12 shown (from the inside out) includes, in sequence, the following components: Figure 2 Shown: (1) Steel structure frame, namely steel grid frame: Angle steel is used as vertical keel 6 and flat steel is used as horizontal connecting rod 7 to weld into a grid frame, and is pre-anchored in the foundation 16 (generally soil foundation) to ensure the structure is stable and can withstand the weight of subsequent layers of structure and external forces during use.

[0034] (2) Refractory heat-conducting layer 4: A 50mm thick layer of high-alumina refractory cement mortar (thermal conductivity is about 2-3 times that of traditional clay) is poured on the inner side of the ceramic fiber blanket, i.e. the flexible refractory heat insulation layer 13, to form a solid and thermally conductive inner wall, which can quickly conduct the heat transferred by the flue 2 to the steel structure frame.

[0035] (3) Flexible fire-resistant insulation layer 13: A 10mm thick ceramic fiber blanket is laid on the side of the steel structure frame facing the inside of the kang as a flexible fire-resistant insulation layer to reduce heat leakage to the ground or adjacent rooms, while adapting to the thermal expansion and contraction of the structure and avoiding structural deformation.

[0036] (4) Heat dissipation fin assembly 5: In this embodiment, the heat dissipation fin assembly 5 is adopted. Figure 3 The multiple parallel vertical flat steel pipes shown serve as heat dissipation fins, with their backs welded to the vertical keel 6 of the steel structure frame. The upper and lower ends of all the flat steel pipes are connected through manifolds to form a complete fluid channel. The lower manifold has an inlet, and the upper manifold has an outlet (or the fluid channel inlet can be located on the lower manifold, and the fluid channel outlet can be located on the upper manifold), facilitating connection to external circulation pipelines.

[0037] (5) Decorative cover 14: It is a metal plate with vertical long grids, which is installed on the outside of the steel structure frame by buckle, covering the heat dissipation fin assembly. It not only ensures air circulation and promotes convection heat dissipation, but also plays a decorative and protective role, preventing users from being burned by direct contact with the high temperature fins. It is also removable for easy maintenance later.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the inlet and outlet of the fluid channel of the heat dissipation fin assembly 5 are connected via pipelines to a copper embedded heat exchange coil 11 buried below the flue 2 at the kang (i.e., buried on the bottom surface of the combustion chamber), forming a closed-loop circulation system. The pipeline system is equipped with... Figure 5 The small circulating pump 20 and expansion tank 21, which are separately installed outside the kang (heated brick bed), form a closed-loop circulation system, namely, a fluid circulation system in which the heat exchange coil 11, the small circulating pump 20, the heat dissipation fin assembly 5, and the expansion tank 21 are connected end to end. When the kang is heated, the high-temperature flue gas in the flue 2 heats the medium (water or antifreeze) in the heat exchange coil 11. The small circulating pump 20 drives the heated medium to flow through the heat dissipation fin assembly 5 or the far-end radiator 23 to release heat, achieving dual heating. After the medium releases heat, it flows back to the heat exchange coil 11 through the expansion tank 21 to complete the circulation and continuously heat the room.

[0039] Example 2:

[0040] The difference from Embodiment 1 lies in the form of the heat dissipation fin assembly. For example... Figure 4 As shown, a finned tube sheet is formed by continuously bending a 2mm thick steel plate (existing equipment can be purchased separately). The internal cavity formed by bending serves as the fluid channel. This finned tube sheet is fixed to the outer surface of the steel structure frame by welding. Compared with parallel flat steel tube structures, it has a larger heat dissipation area, is easier to process, reduces production costs, and ensures heat dissipation efficiency.

[0041] The remaining structures, connection methods, and working principles in this embodiment are the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0042] Example 3:

[0043] In this embodiment, the fluid channel is no longer connected to the heat exchange coil 11 inside the kang (heated brick bed), but its inlet and outlet are directly connected to... Figure 5 The diagram shows the supply and return water pipes of an existing coal / gas-fired heating boiler system (or solar water heating system) in a household. In this case, the composite heat dissipation structure of the kang (heated brick bed) is equivalent to a set of "radiators" placed on the kang. When the boiler starts, hot water flows through the fluid channels, quickly heating the kang (from top to bottom), achieving "reverse heating." This allows the kang to be warm without needing to be lit, greatly improving convenience and comfort, and achieving seamless integration of traditional kang systems with modern heating systems to meet the needs of more users. The specific circulation is as follows: Figure 5 The coal / gas-fired heating boiler system (or solar water heating system) 22 and the heat dissipation fin assembly 5 shown form a closed-loop system, similar to a traditional indoor heating radiator circulation system.

[0044] The remaining structures and connection methods in this embodiment are the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.

[0045] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to any specific implementation. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving heating kang (a traditional heated brick bed) based on a composite heat dissipation structure, comprising a kang body (1) and a flue (2) disposed therein, characterized in that, The at least two exposed side facades (3) of the main body (1) of the kang are constructed as a composite heat dissipation structure; The composite heat dissipation structure comprises, from the inside out: The steel structure frame forms the supporting frame of the side facade (3); A fire-resistant and heat-conducting layer (4) is provided inside the steel structure frame; The heat dissipation fin assembly (5) is placed on the heat dissipation side of the fire-resistant heat-conducting layer (4) facing the room, so as to diffuse the heat conducted by the fire-resistant heat-conducting layer (4) into the room.

2. The energy-saving heating kang (heated brick bed) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel structure frame is a steel grid frame, consisting of multiple vertical keels (6) arranged circumferentially along the side facade (3) and multiple horizontal connecting rods (7) distributed vertically and fixed to the vertical keels (6); the vertical keels (6) are made of angle steel; the horizontal connecting rods (7) are made of flat steel. The fire-resistant and heat-conducting layer (4) is filled or laid within the steel mesh frame.

3. The energy-saving heating kang (heated brick bed) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The heat dissipation fin assembly (5) consists of multiple parallel vertical flat steel tubes or finned tube sheets (8).

4. The energy-saving heating kang (heated brick bed) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner cavities of the multiple parallel vertical flat steel pipes are interconnected to form a fluid channel, and have inlets and outlets for connecting to circulation pipelines; The upper and lower ends of the multiple parallel vertical flat steel pipes are respectively equipped with an upper manifold (9) and a lower manifold (10) to realize the mutual connection of the upper ends of the multiple parallel vertical flat steel pipes and the mutual connection of the lower ends of the multiple vertical flat steel pipes. The inlet is located at one end of the upper manifold (9); the outlet is located at one end of the lower manifold (10).

5. The energy-saving heating kang (heated brick bed) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat exchange coil (11) is provided inside the refractory heat-conducting layer (4), and is filled with a heat-conducting medium. The upper manifold (9) and the lower manifold (10) are connected to the heat exchange coil (11) through the inlet and outlet, respectively, forming a closed circulation path of the heat-conducting medium with the fluid channel; The finned tube sheet (8) is connected to the first and second connection ports of the heat exchange coil (11) to form a closed circulation path for the heat-conducting medium.

6. The energy-saving heating kang (heated brick bed) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inlet and outlet of the fluid channel are configured to be directly connected to an external independent heating boiler system or solar water heating system.

7. The energy-saving heating kang (heated brick bed) according to claim 3, characterized in that: A flexible fire-resistant insulation layer (13) is also provided between the heat dissipation fin assembly (5) and the heat dissipation surface of the fire-resistant heat-conducting layer (4) facing the room.

8. The energy-saving heating kang (heated brick bed) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The heat dissipation fin assembly (5) has a removable decorative cover (14) with ventilation grilles or louvers on its outer side.

9. The energy-saving heating kang (heated brick bed) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The flue (2) is located in the combustion chamber (12), and the filling port is located on the local wall surface of the composite heat dissipation structure (3) using a metal heat-conducting plate (15).

10. The energy-saving heating kang (heated brick bed) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The refractory and heat-conducting layer (4) is a high-alumina refractory cement mortar layer, a high-temperature resistant concrete layer with metal aggregates, or a molded refractory ceramic plate.

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