Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

The application provides a communication method and device, which are applied to a first network device, a first routing process has been started in the first network device, the first routing process has a first identifier, the method comprises the following steps: if the first identifier is same as a second identifier of a second routing process which has been started in a second network device, a conflict processing mode of identifier is started; a first message sent by the second network device is received, the first message comprises first multi-factor determination information; if it is determined that the first network device updates the first identifier according to the first multi-factor determination information, a third identifier is generated; a second message is sent in networking, and the second message comprises the third identifier.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] In computer networks, dynamic routing protocols (such as Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)) construct network topology maps by exchanging link-state information and calculate the optimal path based on this information.

[0003] In the dynamic routing protocol network described above, each routing device typically needs to use a unique protocol identifier to mark its internal routing processes. This identifier is used to identify the source of information, maintain the consistency of the Link State Database (LSDB), and support route calculations. Its uniqueness is fundamental to ensuring the stable operation of the network topology and routing. For example, in the IS-IS protocol, this identifier is called the System ID; in the OSPF protocol, it is called the Router ID.

[0004] However, in actual deployment and operation, due to human configuration errors, routing device configuration duplication, routing device replacement, or software defects, multiple routing devices in the same network may use the same protocol identifier for their routing processes. When protocol identifier conflicts occur, entries in the LSDB within the routing device may be overwritten, confused, or oscillated, leading to abnormal routing calculation results and causing routing loops, black holes, or service interruptions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, this application provides a communication method and apparatus to solve the problem of routing loops, black holes or service interruptions caused by existing protocol identifier conflicts.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a communication method applied to a first network device, wherein a first routing process has been started within the first network device, and the first routing process has a first identifier, the method comprising: If the first identifier is the same as the second identifier of the second routing process that has been started in the second network device, then the identifier conflict handling mode is started. Receive a first message sent by the second network device, the first message including first multi-factor determination information; If it is determined, based on the first multi-factor determination information, that the first network device updates the first identifier, then a third identifier is generated; In the network, a second message is sent, the second message including the third identifier.

[0007] Secondly, this application provides a communication device applied to a first network device, wherein a first routing process has been started within the first network device, the first routing process having a first identifier, and the device includes: The startup unit is configured to start an identifier conflict handling mode if the first identifier is the same as the second identifier of the second routing process that has been started in the second network device. The receiving unit is configured to receive a first message sent by the second network device, the first message including first multi-factor determination information; The generation unit is configured to generate a third identifier if it is determined, based on the first multi-factor determination information, that the first network device updates the first identifier. The sending unit is used to send a second message in the network, the second message including the third identifier.

[0008] Thirdly, this application provides a network device including a processor and a machine-readable storage medium storing machine-executable instructions that can be executed by the processor, which in turn cause the processor to perform the method provided in the first aspect of this application.

[0009] Therefore, using the communication method and apparatus provided in this application, if the first identifier is the same as the second identifier of the second routing process that has been started in the second network device, the first network device starts the identifier conflict handling mode; the first network device receives a first message sent by the second network device, the first message including first multi-factor determination information; if it is determined according to the first multi-factor determination information that the first network device updates the first identifier, the first network device generates a third identifier; the first network device sends a second message in the network, the second message including the third identifier.

[0010] Thus, by introducing a multi-factor judgment mechanism, the automatic repair of routing protocol identifier conflicts is made more accurate, reducing the number of network-wide topology reconstructions and adjacency rebuilds, and lowering the risk of routing oscillations and service interruptions. At the same time, it also solves the problem of routing loops, black holes, or service interruptions caused by existing protocol identifier conflicts. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the data structure provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4The network device hardware structure provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0012] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0013] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the corresponding listed items.

[0014] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in this application to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determination."

[0015] The communication method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below. See also... Figure 1 , Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. This method is applied to a first network device. The communication method provided in an embodiment of this application may include the following steps.

[0016] Step 110: If the first identifier is the same as the second identifier of the second routing process that has been started in the second network device, then start the identifier conflict handling mode; Specifically, the dynamic routing protocol network includes a first network device and a second network device. The first network device runs a routing protocol and initiates a first routing process, which has a first identifier (this first identifier is automatically generated by the first network device according to a preset identifier generation policy, and local pre-collision detection has been performed). Similarly, the second network device runs the same routing protocol and initiates a second routing protocol, which has a second identifier (this second identifier is automatically generated by the second network device according to a preset identifier generation policy, and local pre-collision detection has been performed).

[0017] During the process of establishing adjacency relationships or LSDB synchronization between network devices, each network device identifies the protocol identifier included in the routing protocol messages sent by the peer network device. The following explanation uses the first network device as an example.

[0018] If the first identifier is the same as the second identifier, the first network device will activate the identifier conflict handling mode.

[0019] Optionally, in this embodiment, after determining that the first identifier and the second identifier are the same, each network device initiates an identifier conflict resolution mode. In this mode, each network device generates its own message, which carries multi-factor determination information.

[0020] In this embodiment, the routing protocol can be specifically the IS-IS protocol or the OSPF protocol; the routing process can be specifically the IS-IS routing process or the OSPF routing process; the first identifier can be specifically the IS-IS system identifier (ID) or the OSPF router identifier; the routing protocol message can be specifically an LSP message, which includes the LSP identifier and carries the IS-IS system identifier and a router LSA message, which includes the OSPF router identifier.

[0021] Step 120: Receive a first message sent by the second network device, the first message including first multi-factor determination information; Specifically, according to the description of step 120, after the second network device starts the identifier conflict handling mode, it generates and sends a first message to the first network device, which includes first multi-factor determination information.

[0022] The first network device receives the first message and obtains the first multi-factor determination information from it.

[0023] Optionally, in this embodiment of the application, the first multi-factor determination information includes the first priority of the second network device, the first time when the second network device first joins the network, the first startup time of the second network device, and the first hardware identifier of the second network device.

[0024] Optionally, in this embodiment, after the first network device initiates the identifier conflict handling mode, it generates and sends a third message to the second network device (wherein "third" is used to distinguish it from "first" and "second"). The third message includes second multi-factor determination information. This second multi-factor determination information includes the second priority of the first network device, the second time the first network device first joined the network, the second startup time of the first network device, and the second hardware identifier of the first network device.

[0025] Optionally, in this embodiment of the application, the first message includes a first data structure, the first data structure includes a first value field, the first value field is used to carry first multi-factor determination information; The third message includes a second data structure, which includes a second value field used to carry second multi-factor determination information.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the data structure provided for an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 In this context, the data structure includes a Type field (1 byte), a Length field (1 byte), and a Value field (e.g., ...). Figure 2 As shown by the dashed line, it is at least 9 bytes. The value fields include a Priority field (1 byte), a Join_Time field (4 bytes), a Start_Time field, and a Hardware_ID field or a Reserved field (MAC address / serial number, etc., variable length).

[0027] The priority field carries the priority of the network device, the first addition timestamp field carries the time when the network device first joined the network, the startup timestamp field carries the startup time, which is the most recent startup time of the network device, and the hardware unique identifier field carries the hardware identifier, which can be the MAC address of the network device.

[0028] In this embodiment, if the network device runs the IS-IS protocol, the multi-factor decision information is encapsulated within the extended TLV included in the IS-IS protocol message; if the network device runs the OSPF protocol, the multi-factor decision information is encapsulated within the Opaque LSA included in the OSPF protocol message. The data structures under both routing protocols adopt a unified field definition and arrangement.

[0029] Step 130: If it is determined from the first multi-factor determination information that the first network device updates the first identifier, then a third identifier is generated; Specifically, according to the description of step 120, after obtaining the first multi-factor determination information, the first network device obtains its own second multi-factor determination information locally. The first network device identifies whether the first multi-factor determination information and the corresponding second multi-factor determination information are the same, and determines whether the first network device should update the first identifier based on the identification result.

[0030] If the first network device is determined to update the first identifier based on the first multi-factor determination information and the second multi-factor determination information, then the first network device generates a third identifier.

[0031] In this embodiment of the application, the specific process of the first network device generating the third identifier is as follows: according to the preset identifier generation strategy (e.g., random algorithm), the first network device automatically generates the third identifier, which may be a 6-byte IS-IS system identifier or a 4-byte OSPF router identifier.

[0032] After the first network device generates the third identifier, it will perform local pre-conflict detection on the third identifier to avoid the third identifier from conflicting with the identifiers of the routing processes of other network devices in the network.

[0033] For example, the first network device checks its local LSDB for the existence of a third identifier. If the third identifier exists in the LSDB, the first network device determines that an identifier conflict still exists. In this case, the first network device automatically generates an identifier (e.g., a fourth identifier) ​​again using the identifier generation policy, and repeats the local pre-conflict detection until an identifier that does not exist in the LSDB is generated. If the third identifier does not exist in the LSDB, the first network device writes the third identifier into the local routing protocol instance and related configurations, enabling the routing protocol to use the third identifier in subsequent operations.

[0034] If the second network device is determined to update the second identifier based on the first multi-factor determination information and the second multi-factor determination information, the first network device waits for the message sent by the second network device after updating the second identifier, and identifies whether the updated identifier of the second network device included in the message is the same as the first identifier. If they are the same, the first network device repeats steps 110-130 until the identifier of the second routing process is different from the identifier of the first routing process, at which point it stops.

[0035] Optionally, the specific process by which the first network device identifies whether the first multi-factor determination information is the same as the corresponding second multi-factor determination information is as follows: The first network device determines whether the first priority is the same as the second priority of the first network device; if the first priority is the same as the second priority, the first network device determines whether the first time is the same as the second time of the first network device; if the first time is the same as the second time, the first network device determines whether the first startup time is the same as the second startup time of the first network device; if the first startup time is the same as the second startup time, the first network device compares the size of the first hardware identifier with the size of the second hardware identifier of the first network device; according to the preset comparison rules and the comparison results, the first network device determines to update its first identifier.

[0036] Specifically, the comparison rule can be as follows: the network device indicated by the hardware identifier with the larger value is identified as the maintaining party; the network device indicated by the hardware identifier with the smaller value is identified as the updating party. Alternatively, the network device indicated by the hardware identifier with the smaller value is identified as the maintaining party; the network device indicated by the hardware identifier with the larger value is identified as the updating party.

[0037] Optionally, the above identification process also includes: If the first priority is different from the second priority and the first priority exceeds the second priority, then the first network device determines to update its first identifier; or; If the first time and the second time are different, and the first time is earlier than the second time, then the first network device determines that it updates its first identifier; or; If the first startup time is different from the second startup time and the first startup time is earlier than the second startup time, then the first network device determines that it should update the first identifier.

[0038] In other words, network devices with high priority are designated as maintainers, and those with low priority are designated as updaters. Network devices that joined earlier are designated as maintainers, and those that joined later are designated as updaters. Similarly, network devices that started earlier are designated as maintainers, and those that started later are designated as updaters.

[0039] In the embodiments of this application, the above-described identification framework is universal and can also be extended to other dynamic routing protocol conflict handling scenarios.

[0040] Step 140: Send a second message in the network, the second message including the third identifier.

[0041] Specifically, according to the description of step 130, after the first network device generates the third identifier, it generates a second message, which includes the third identifier.

[0042] The first network device sends a second message in the network to notify other network devices that have established routing protocol neighbors with the first network device that the identifier of the first routing process has changed, and triggers the update and convergence of adjacency relationships and LSDB. For example, after receiving the second message, other network devices obtain a third identifier from it. Based on the third identifier, they re-establish adjacency relationships with the first network device and update their local LSDB.

[0043] In this embodiment of the application, if the network device is running the IS-IS protocol, the second message may specifically be a Hello message or an LSP message; if the network device is running the OSPF protocol, the second message may specifically be a Hello message or an LSA message.

[0044] Steps 110-140 establish a closed-loop processing flow of "conflict detection—information exchange—multi-factor comparison and judgment—identifier generation and update—announcing and convergence." This enables automatic detection, judgment, and resolution of routing protocol identifier conflicts without manual intervention or a centralized controller.

[0045] Therefore, using the communication method provided in this application, if the first identifier is the same as the second identifier of the second routing process that has been started in the second network device, the first network device starts the identifier conflict handling mode; the first network device receives a first message sent by the second network device, the first message including first multi-factor determination information; if it is determined according to the first multi-factor determination information that the first network device updates the first identifier, the first network device generates a third identifier; the first network device sends a second message in the network, the second message including the third identifier.

[0046] Thus, by introducing a multi-factor judgment mechanism, the automatic repair of routing protocol identifier conflicts is made more accurate, reducing the number of network-wide topology reconstructions and adjacency rebuilds, and lowering the risk of routing oscillations and service interruptions. At the same time, it also solves the problem of routing loops, black holes, or service interruptions caused by existing protocol identifier conflicts.

[0047] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of this application also provide a communication device corresponding to the communication method. See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 The communication apparatus provided in this application embodiment is applied to a first network device, wherein a first routing process has been started within the first network device, and the first routing process has a first identifier. The apparatus includes: The startup unit 310 is configured to start an identifier conflict handling mode if the first identifier is the same as the second identifier of the second routing process that has been started in the second network device. The receiving unit 320 is configured to receive a first message sent by the second network device, the first message including first multi-factor determination information; The generation unit 330 is configured to generate a third identifier if it is determined from the first multi-factor determination information that the first network device updates the first identifier. The sending unit 340 is used to send a second message in the network, the second message including the third identifier.

[0048] Optionally, the first multi-factor determination information includes the first priority of the second network device, the first time the second network device first joins the network, the first startup time of the second network device, and the first hardware identifier of the second network device. The device further includes: The first judgment unit (not shown in the figure) is used to determine whether the first priority is the same as the second priority of the first network device; The second judgment unit (not shown in the figure) is used to determine whether the first time is the same as the second time of the first network device if the first priority is the same as the second priority. The third judgment unit (not shown in the figure) is used to determine whether the first startup time is the same as the second startup time of the first network device if the first time is the same as the second time. A comparison unit (not shown in the figure) is used to compare the size of the first hardware identifier with the second hardware identifier of the first network device if the first startup time is the same as the second startup time. The determining unit (not shown in the figure) is used to determine, based on preset comparison rules and comparison results, whether the first network device updates the first identifier.

[0049] Optionally, the determining unit (not shown in the figure) is further configured to: if the first priority is different from the second priority and the first priority exceeds the second priority, then determine that the first network device updates the first identifier; or; If the first time is different from the second time and the first time is earlier than the second time, then it is determined that the first network device updates the first identifier; or; If the first startup time is different from the second startup time and the first startup time is earlier than the second startup time, then it is determined that the first network device updates the first identifier.

[0050] Optionally, the sending unit 340 is further configured to send a third message to the second network device, the third message including second multi-factor determination information, so that the second network device determines whether the second network device updates the second identifier based on the second multi-factor determination information; The second multi-factor determination information includes the second priority of the first network device, the second time when the first network device first joins the network, the second startup time of the first network device, and the second hardware identifier of the first network device.

[0051] Optionally, the first message includes a first data structure, the first data structure includes a first value field, and the first value field is used to carry the first multi-factor determination information; The third message includes a second data structure, which includes a second value field, and the second value field is used to carry the second multi-factor determination information.

[0052] Therefore, using the communication device provided in this application, if the first identifier is the same as the second identifier of the second routing process that has been started in the second network device, the first network device starts the identifier conflict handling mode; the first network device receives a first message sent by the second network device, the first message including first multi-factor determination information; if it is determined according to the first multi-factor determination information that the first network device updates the first identifier, the first network device generates a third identifier; the first network device sends a second message in the network, the second message including the third identifier.

[0053] Thus, by introducing a multi-factor judgment mechanism, the automatic repair of routing protocol identifier conflicts is made more accurate, reducing the number of network-wide topology reconstructions and adjacency rebuilds, and lowering the risk of routing oscillations and service interruptions. At the same time, it also solves the problem of routing loops, black holes, or service interruptions caused by existing protocol identifier conflicts.

[0054] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of this application also provide a network device, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the system includes a processor 410, a transceiver 420, and a machine-readable storage medium 430. The machine-readable storage medium 430 stores machine-executable instructions that can be executed by the processor 410. The processor 410 is prompted by the machine-executable instructions to execute the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application. (The foregoing...) Figure 3 The communication device shown can be used as follows: Figure 4 The hardware structure of the network device shown is implemented.

[0055] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium 430 may include random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device. Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium 430 may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor 410.

[0056] The processor 410 mentioned above can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0057] In this embodiment of the application, the processor 410 reads the machine-executable instructions stored in the machine-readable storage medium 430, and is prompted by the machine-executable instructions to enable the processor 410 itself and the transceiver 420 to execute the communication method described in the foregoing embodiment of the application.

[0058] In addition, this application provides a machine-readable storage medium 430 that stores machine-executable instructions. When called and executed by the processor 410, the machine-executable instructions cause the processor 410 itself and the transceiver 420 to execute the communication method described in the aforementioned application.

[0059] The specific implementation process of the functions and roles of each unit in the above device can be found in the implementation process of the corresponding steps in the above method, and will not be repeated here.

[0060] For the device embodiments, since they basically correspond to the method embodiments, the relevant parts can be referred to in the description of the method embodiments. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this application according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without creative effort.

[0061] For the embodiments of communication devices and machine-readable storage media, since the methods involved are basically similar to those of the aforementioned method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and relevant details can be found in the descriptions of the method embodiments.

[0062] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to a first network device, wherein a first routing process has been started within the first network device, and the first routing process has a first identifier, the method includes: If the first identifier is the same as the second identifier of the second routing process that has been started in the second network device, then the identifier conflict handling mode is started. Receive a first message sent by the second network device, the first message including first multi-factor determination information; If it is determined, based on the first multi-factor determination information, that the first network device updates the first identifier, then a third identifier is generated; In the network, a second message is sent, the second message including the third identifier.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first multi-factor determination information includes the first priority of the second network device, the first time the second network device first joins the network, the first startup time of the second network device, and the first hardware identifier of the second network device. After receiving the first message sent by the second network device, the method further includes: Determine whether the first priority is the same as the second priority of the first network device; If the first priority is the same as the second priority, then determine whether the first time is the same as the second time of the first network device; If the first time is the same as the second time, then determine whether the first startup time is the same as the second startup time of the first network device; If the first startup time is the same as the second startup time, then compare the size of the first hardware identifier with the second hardware identifier of the first network device; Based on the preset comparison rules and the comparison results, it is determined that the first network device updates the first identifier.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the first priority is different from the second priority and the first priority exceeds the second priority, then the first network device is determined to update the first identifier; or; If the first time is different from the second time and the first time is earlier than the second time, then it is determined that the first network device updates the first identifier; or; If the first startup time is different from the second startup time and the first startup time is earlier than the second startup time, then it is determined that the first network device updates the first identifier.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the startup identifier conflict handling mode is established, the method further includes: A third message is sent to the second network device, the third message including second multi-factor determination information, so that the second network device can determine whether the second network device should update the second identifier based on the second multi-factor determination information; The second multi-factor determination information includes the second priority of the first network device, the second time when the first network device first joins the network, the second startup time of the first network device, and the second hardware identifier of the first network device.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first message includes a first data structure, the first data structure includes a first value field, and the first value field is used to carry the first multi-factor determination information; The third message includes a second data structure, which includes a second value field, and the second value field is used to carry the second multi-factor determination information.

6. A communication device, characterized in that, Applied to a first network device, wherein a first routing process has been started within the first network device, and the first routing process has a first identifier, the device includes: The startup unit is configured to start an identifier conflict handling mode if the first identifier is the same as the second identifier of the second routing process that has been started in the second network device. The receiving unit is configured to receive a first message sent by the second network device, the first message including first multi-factor determination information; The generation unit is configured to generate a third identifier if it is determined, based on the first multi-factor determination information, that the first network device updates the first identifier. The sending unit is used to send a second message in the network, the second message including the third identifier.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first multi-factor determination information includes the first priority of the second network device, the first time the second network device first joins the network, the first startup time of the second network device, and the first hardware identifier of the second network device. The device further includes: The first judgment unit is used to determine whether the first priority is the same as the second priority of the first network device; The second judgment unit is used to determine whether the first time is the same as the second time of the first network device if the first priority is the same as the second priority. The third judgment unit is used to determine whether the first startup time is the same as the second startup time of the first network device if the first time is the same as the second time. The comparison unit is configured to compare the size of the first hardware identifier with the second hardware identifier of the first network device if the first startup time is the same as the second startup time. The determining unit is configured to determine, based on preset comparison rules and comparison results, whether the first network device should update the first identifier.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The determining unit is further configured to: if the first priority is different from the second priority and the first priority exceeds the second priority, then determine that the first network device updates the first identifier; or; If the first time is different from the second time and the first time is earlier than the second time, then it is determined that the first network device updates the first identifier; or; If the first startup time is different from the second startup time and the first startup time is earlier than the second startup time, then it is determined that the first network device updates the first identifier.

9. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sending unit is further configured to send a third message to the second network device, the third message including second multi-factor determination information, so that the second network device determines whether the second network device updates the second identifier based on the second multi-factor determination information; The second multi-factor determination information includes the second priority of the first network device, the second time when the first network device first joins the network, the second startup time of the first network device, and the second hardware identifier of the first network device.

10. The apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first message includes a first data structure, the first data structure includes a first value field, and the first value field is used to carry the first multi-factor determination information; The third message includes a second data structure, which includes a second value field, and the second value field is used to carry the second multi-factor determination information.

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