Seedling anti-freezing device for forest cultivation

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of sapling cultivation, in particular to a seedling anti-freezing device for forest cultivation, which comprises a base and a water inlet, the base is hollow and has a water storage function, the outer wall of the base is made of rubber plastic material and has a heat preservation effect, at least two heat exchange mechanisms are installed on the upper surface of the base at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, the heat exchange mechanisms extract water from the air to supplement the saplings, a supporting mechanism is installed between the heat exchange mechanisms, the bottom of the supporting mechanism is fixed to the base, the supporting mechanism supports the plastic cloth and prevents the saplings from freezing. The device effectively breaks the low-temperature-induced dormancy mechanism of the sapling root system, prevents the sapling rhizome from freezing injury and death, provides a suitable temperature environment for root development, effectively avoids soil water evaporation, continuously ensures soil moisture, promotes the growth and development of the sapling root system, and thus shortens the tree maturation period. The device can increase the light concentration to increase the temperature and avoid low temperature from inhibiting the growth of the saplings, or can reduce the light concentration to reduce the temperature and prevent high temperature from burning the saplings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seedling cultivation technology, specifically to a seedling antifreeze device for forest cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] Seedlings, a general term for various seedlings including fruit trees, arborescent trees, and shrubs, consist of two core structures: the root system and the trunk. They are individual plants that have not yet left the nursery during the nursery stage and play an important role in large-scale transplanting and planting processes such as forest cultivation and ecological afforestation. In northern my country, the cold winter climate makes transplanted seedlings susceptible to frost damage and even death to their trunks and roots. Therefore, after transplanting, seedlings are typically protected from frost by wrapping the trunks with insulating cotton, which is currently a standard technique for frost protection during seedling transplantation in northern China.

[0003] However, the aforementioned traditional frost protection methods are simple to operate and have limited functionality. When applied to large-scale forest cultivation and construction scenarios, they have gradually revealed many intractable technical drawbacks, failing to simultaneously meet the actual needs of seedling winter frost protection and root development. Specifically, this manifests in the following three aspects: First, insulation cotton can only provide insulation and protection for the above-ground parts of the seedling trunk, maintaining the seedling's basic vital signs. It cannot warm the soil in which the seedling grows. Low temperatures easily trigger the seedling's dormancy mechanism, leading to stagnation of root development and severely affecting the overall growth progress of the seedling. Second, the low-temperature environment in northern winters inherently has low air moisture content, and coupled with the continuous blowing of monsoons... The continuous loss of soil moisture leads to insufficient soil moisture. Even if the seedlings successfully pass through the dormancy period, their growth will be severely inhibited due to insufficient water supply. The nutrient absorption and supply capacity of the roots will be greatly reduced, thus shortening the subsequent timber growth cycle of the trees. Thirdly, for young seedlings, although the traditional method can use plastic sheeting to cover the seedlings to prevent direct frost damage to the trunks, the fixed laying pattern of the plastic sheeting cannot adjust the insulation temperature around the seedlings according to the temperature changes of the natural environment. Too low a temperature will still inhibit the growth of the seedlings, while too high a temperature will easily cause seedling burn. At the same time, it will also breed pests and diseases, bringing a great risk to the growth of the seedlings. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of existing methods that cannot raise soil temperature, cause stagnation of tree root development, and prevent timely watering of seedlings, thus inhibiting root development.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned objectives through the following technical solution: a seedling antifreeze device for forest cultivation, comprising a base and a water inlet, wherein the base is hollow and has a water storage function, the outer wall of the base is made of rubber and plastic material and has a heat insulation effect, at least two heat exchange mechanisms are equidistantly installed on the upper surface of the base along the circumference, the heat exchange mechanisms extract moisture from the air to replenish water for the seedlings, and a support mechanism is installed between the heat exchange mechanisms, the bottom of the support mechanism is fixed to the base, and the support mechanism supports the plastic sheet to prevent the seedlings from freezing; The heat exchange mechanism includes a hollow tube mounted on the upper surface of the base. Insulation cotton is adhered to the outer wall of the hollow tube to prevent heat loss. Air vents are provided on the upper surface of the hollow tube. A hollow heat exchange tank is installed on the inner wall of the hollow tube. Two symmetrical air pipes are installed on the inner wall of the heat exchange tank, with the tops of the air pipes extending beyond the outer wall of the insulation cotton to allow outside air to enter. A rotating component is installed at the top of the hollow tube; when the rotating component rotates, it rubs against the surface of the heat exchange tank, achieving mechanical heat generation. A water supply is installed at the bottom of the hollow tube. The water supply component is vertically placed into the soil layer, which not only positions the base but also provides the seedlings with the water needed for growth. A water pump is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the hollow tube. One end of the water inlet pipe is installed at the water pump inlet, and the other end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the inner cavity of the base. The water pump outlet is connected to the heat exchange tank. A driven bevel gear is installed at the power input end of the water pump. The rotating component and the driven bevel gear drive the water pump. The suction of the water pump draws the heat-insulating water out of the base and delivers it to the heat exchange tank, allowing the heat-insulating water to circulate between the base and the heat exchange tank. The rotating components, heat exchange tank, and water pump work together to heat the water used for insulation, thereby raising the soil temperature and preventing the tree roots from entering a dormant state.

[0006] Specifically, the inner side of the heat exchange tank is circular and is composited with a metal-based friction material.

[0007] Specifically, the trachea is wavy in shape and made of copper alloy.

[0008] Specifically, the rotating assembly includes a gearbox mounted on the top of the inner wall of the hollow tube. The input shaft and output shaft of the gearbox are respectively equipped with a wind cap and a rotating shaft. The wind cap rotates under the action of wind force to provide power to the gearbox. The gearbox changes the rotation speed of the rotating shaft. The upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the rotating shaft are respectively equipped with fan blades and a driving bevel gear. When the fan blades rotate, they generate axial thrust, forming an upward wind force inside the hollow tube. When the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear are driven, the water pump can work. The outer wall of the rotating shaft is equipped with heat generation units at equal intervals from top to bottom. Powered by monsoon winds, it provides triple working power through the rotation of the shaft, reducing energy consumption.

[0009] Specifically, the heat generation unit includes two first connecting rods symmetrically mounted on one end of the outer wall of the rotating shaft via pins. The other end of the first connecting rods is mounted with a friction plate via a pin. A counterweight is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. Two second connecting rods are symmetrically mounted on one end of the bottom of the outer wall of the counterweight via pins. The other end of the second connecting rods is connected to the top of the inner side of the friction plate via a pin. The counterweight presses down on the second connecting rods under its own weight. The friction plate is brought into contact with the surface of the heat exchange tank by the supporting action of the first and second connecting rods. The temperature of the heat exchange tank is increased by the principle of frictional heat generation, allowing the heat-insulating water to exchange heat with the heat exchange tank.

[0010] Specifically, the outer side of the friction pad is arc-shaped.

[0011] Specifically, the water replenishment component includes a water storage cylinder installed at the bottom of a hollow tube. The bottom of the water storage cylinder is conical to facilitate insertion into the soil layer. Several water outlet holes are evenly opened at the bottom of the outer wall of the water storage cylinder, allowing the collected water to flow into the soil layer from the water outlet holes to replenish water for the growth of seedlings. An anti-evaporation unit is installed at the top of the inner wall of the water storage cylinder. Depending on the location of the water outlet, water is replenished to the soil from multiple directions, ensuring a balanced soil moisture level.

[0012] Specifically, the anti-evaporation unit includes a sealing plate installed on the top of the inner wall of the water storage tank. A limiting cylinder is installed at the center of the sealing plate, and a water storage tank is formed between the limiting cylinder and the water storage tank. Water inlet holes are equidistantly opened at the bottom of the outer wall of the limiting cylinder along the circumference. A float ball is inserted into the inner cavity of the limiting cylinder. The buoyancy of the accumulated water causes the float ball to rise, and the accumulated water enters the water storage tank from the water inlet hole. In the absence of water, the float ball descends and contacts the bottom of the limiting cylinder, and the float ball seals the water storage tank to prevent the water in the water storage tank from evaporating. The anti-evaporation unit collects accumulated water, which not only increases soil moisture but also prevents soil moisture from evaporating.

[0013] Specifically, the support mechanism includes a horizontal beam installed on the top of the outer wall of the hollow tube. A screw is installed at the center of the beam via a bearing. A support plate is screwed to the outer wall of the screw. Several steel bars are installed circumferentially on the side wall of the support plate. The other end of the steel bars is installed on the top of the base. The steel bars support the plastic sheet. Adjusting the curvature of the plastic sheet and its light-gathering properties allows for better control of the seedling growth temperature.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. Under the influence of monsoon winds, the hood drives the rotating components. On one hand, the counterweight and connecting rod work together to ensure close contact between the friction plates and the heat exchange tank, generating heat through friction. On the other hand, the bevel gear transmission drives the water pump, enabling the insulation water to circulate and exchange heat between the base and the heat exchange tank. The insulation water after heat exchange continuously supplies energy to the rubber-plastic base, which directly contacts the soil, warming the soil and effectively breaking the dormancy mechanism of seedling roots caused by low temperatures, preventing frost damage and death of seedling roots and stems, while providing a suitable temperature environment for root development. In addition, the insulation water heats the air in the air pipe during circulation. After the heated air leaves the heat exchange tank, it cools down rapidly due to the low temperature, and the water vapor condenses into liquid water due to the decrease in saturation. Finally, it seeps into the soil through the water replenishment component, realizing the automatic water replenishment of seedling roots by extracting moisture from the air. The water replenishment component is equipped with an anti-evaporation unit, which can effectively prevent soil moisture evaporation, continuously ensure soil moisture, promote the growth and development of seedling roots, and thus shorten the tree's timber growth cycle.

[0015] 2. By rotating the screw clockwise or counterclockwise, the support plate can be moved up and down along the screw, thereby changing the curvature of the steel bar. As the supporting skeleton of the plastic sheet, the change in the curvature of the steel bar directly adjusts the curvature of the plastic sheet, thereby changing the sunlight concentration of the plastic sheet and realizing the adaptive regulation of the temperature around the seedlings. It can either increase the temperature by increasing the light concentration to avoid low temperature inhibiting seedling growth, or decrease the temperature by decreasing the light concentration to prevent high temperature scorching of seedlings. At the same time, it effectively reduces the problem of pests and diseases caused by unsuitable temperature, creating a suitable growth temperature environment for seedlings and significantly improving the growth efficiency of seedlings.

[0016] 3. The present invention features a modular and collaborative design, integrating soil warming, trunk frost protection, air condensation and water replenishment, and temperature control functions into one unit. It solves multiple technical defects of traditional frost protection methods, such as only maintaining the basic life of seedlings, failing to warm and promote root growth, inhibiting growth due to water shortage, and having uncontrollable temperature. Moreover, the overall structure has no complex electronic components, making it easy to maintain and with a long service life. It is suitable for large-scale frost protection operations after seedling transplantation in forest cultivation in cold northern regions and has high promotion and application value. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of the heat exchange mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional view of the trachea of ​​the present invention; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the rotating component of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5Enlarged view at point B in the middle; Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the water replenishment component of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the anti-evaporation unit of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the support mechanism of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Water inlet; 3. Heat exchange mechanism; 4. Support mechanism; 31. Hollow tube; 32. Insulation cotton; 33. Heat exchange tank; 34. Air pipe; 35. Rotating assembly; 36. Water supply assembly; 37. Water outlet pipe; 38. Water pump; 39. Water inlet pipe; 310. Driven bevel gear; 351. Gearbox; 352. Wind cap; 353. Shaft; 354. Fan blade; 355. Active... 356. Bevel gear; 3561. Heating unit; 3562. First connecting rod; 3563. Friction plate; 3564. Counterweight; 3565. Second connecting rod; 361. Water storage tank; 362. Water outlet; 363. Anti-evaporation unit; 3631. Sealing plate; 3632. Limiting cylinder; 3633. Water inlet; 3634. Float; 41. Crossbeam; 42. Screw; 43. Support plate; 44. Steel bar. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the present invention easier to understand, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0020] Please see Figures 1-9 This invention provides a seedling antifreeze device for forest cultivation, including a base 1 and a water inlet 2. The base 1 is hollow and has a water storage function. The outer wall of the base 1 is made of rubber and plastic material, which has a heat preservation effect. At least two heat exchange mechanisms 3 are installed at equal intervals along the circumference on the upper surface of the base 1. The heat exchange mechanisms 3 extract moisture from the air to replenish water for the seedlings. A support mechanism 4 is installed between the heat exchange mechanisms 3. The bottom of the support mechanism 4 is fixed to the base 1. The support mechanism 4 supports the plastic sheet to prevent the seedlings from freezing. The heat exchange mechanism 3 includes a hollow tube 31 mounted on the upper surface of the base 1. Insulation cotton 32 is bonded to the outer wall of the hollow tube 31 to prevent temperature loss. An air vent is provided on the upper surface of the hollow tube 31, serving as the exhaust port for the hollow tube 31. A heat exchange tank 33 is installed on the inner wall of the hollow tube 31. The heat exchange tank 33 is hollow, with a circular inner side to ensure that the rotating component 35 remains in contact with the heat exchange tank 33 during rotation. It is also composited with a metal-based friction material to improve the wear resistance and heat generation effect of the heat exchange tank 33. The heat exchange tank 33 is used to heat the insulation water. Two symmetrical air pipes 34 are installed on the inner wall of the heat exchange tank 33. The tops of the air pipes 34 extend beyond the outer wall of the insulation cotton 32, allowing outside air to enter. The air pipes 34 are wavy in shape to increase their length within the heat exchange tank 33, maximizing the temperature of the air passing through them. They are made of copper alloy, which has good thermal properties. Good thermal conductivity allows the air pipe 34 to exchange heat with the heat-insulating water. A rotating component 35 is installed at the top of the hollow pipe 31. When the rotating component 35 rotates, it rubs against the surface of the heat exchange tank 33 to achieve the purpose of mechanical heat generation. A water supply component 36 is installed at the bottom of the hollow pipe 31. The water supply component 36 is placed vertically into the soil layer. It not only positions the base 1, but also provides water for the seedlings to grow. A water pump 38 is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the hollow pipe 31. One end of the water inlet pipe 39 is installed at the water inlet of the water pump 38. The other end of the water inlet pipe 39 is connected to the inner cavity of the base 1. The water outlet of the water pump 38 is connected to the heat exchange tank 33. A driven bevel gear 310 is installed at the power input end of the water pump 38. The rotating component 35 and the driven bevel gear 310 drive the water pump 38 to provide power. The suction of the water pump 38 draws out the heat-insulating water in the base 1 and delivers it into the heat exchange tank 33, so that the heat-insulating water circulates between the base 1 and the heat exchange tank 33. It breaks away from the shortcomings of traditional frost protection methods that only wrap the tree trunk to protect the seedling and cannot raise the soil temperature. It prevents seedlings from freezing at the root level, and at the same time breaks the root dormancy mechanism caused by low temperature and promotes root development. The entire mechanism is powered by mechanical linkage, requiring no external energy source. It is suitable for outdoor forest cultivation operations where there is no electricity or fuel supply, significantly reducing operating costs. At the same time, it has no complex electronic components, and each part is a mechanical structure with wear-resistant and highly adaptable materials, enabling it to adapt to the harsh environment of low temperatures and monsoons in northern outdoor areas, and simplifying maintenance.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, the rotating assembly 35 further includes a gearbox 351 mounted on the top of the inner wall of the hollow tube 31. The input shaft and output shaft of the gearbox 351 are respectively equipped with a wind cap 352 and a rotating shaft 353. The wind cap 352 rotates under the action of wind force to provide power to the gearbox 351. The gearbox 351 changes the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 353. The upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the rotating shaft 353 are respectively equipped with a fan blade 354 and a driving bevel gear 355. The gearbox 351 regulates the angular velocity of the fan blade 354 and the driving bevel gear 355. When the fan blade 354 rotates, it generates axial thrust, forming a bottom-up wind force in the hollow tube 31, which heats and cools the air, and increases the moisture content in the air by changing the water vapor saturation in the air. When the driving bevel gear 355 and the driven bevel gear 310 are driven, the water pump 38 can work. The outer wall of the rotating shaft 353 is equidistantly equipped with heat generation units 356 from top to bottom. The rotating component 35 is the core power hub of the device. It uses the monsoon wind as the sole original power source. After the speed is adapted and adjusted by the gearbox 351, it relies on the rotating shaft 353 to realize multiple power functions of single power input and multi-path synchronous output. It provides integrated power support for the three core functions of the device: air circulation heat exchange, heat preservation water circulation, and mechanical friction heat generation. All power functions are synchronized and coordinated efficiently.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the heat generation unit 356 further includes two first connecting rods 3561 symmetrically mounted on one end of the outer wall of the rotating shaft 353 via pins. The other end of the first connecting rods 3561 is mounted with a friction plate 3562 via a pin. The outer side of the friction plate 3562 is arc-shaped to increase the contact area between the friction plate 3562 and the heat exchange tank 33, thereby improving the frictional heat generation efficiency. A counterweight 3563 is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 353. Two second connecting rods 3564 are symmetrically mounted on one end of the bottom of the outer wall of the counterweight 3563 via pins. The other end of the second connecting rods 3564 is connected to the top of the inner side of the friction plate 3562 via a pin. The counterweight 3563 presses down on the second connecting rods 3564 under its own weight. The first connecting rods 3561 and the second connecting rods 3564 support the friction plate 3562 to contact the surface of the heat exchange tank 33, ensuring the stability of frictional heat generation. The stable heat generation of the heat-generating unit 356 enables the simultaneous realization of the two core functions of the device: soil warming and antifreeze, and air condensation and water replenishment. This elevates the device from simply preventing seedlings from freezing to preventing freezing and promoting growth, creating a suitable temperature and moisture environment for the seedling roots, promoting root development, improving the survival rate of seedlings after transplanting, and shortening the tree's timber production cycle.

[0023] As a preferred option, the water replenishment component 36 further includes a water storage cylinder 361 installed at the bottom of the hollow tube 31. The bottom of the water storage cylinder 361 is conical, which facilitates the insertion of the water storage cylinder 361 into the soil layer. Several water outlet holes 362 are evenly opened at the bottom of the outer wall of the water storage cylinder 361, allowing the collected water to flow into the soil layer from the water outlet holes 362. The water outlet holes 362 in different positions can allow the water to spread in the soil, replenishing water for the growth of seedlings. An anti-evaporation unit 363 is installed at the top of the inner wall of the water storage cylinder 361.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment, the anti-evaporation unit 363 further includes a sealing plate 3631 installed on the top of the inner wall of the water storage tank 361. A limiting cylinder 3632 is installed at the center of the sealing plate 3631, forming a water storage tank between the limiting cylinder 3632 and the water storage tank 361 to collect water. Water inlet holes 3633 are equidistantly opened at the bottom of the outer wall of the limiting cylinder 3632 along the circumference, allowing the water storage tank 361 to communicate with the hollow cylinder 31 through the water inlet holes 3633. A float ball 3634 is inserted into the inner cavity of the limiting cylinder 3632. The buoyancy of the accumulated water causes the float ball 3634 to rise, and the accumulated water enters the water storage tank 361 from the water inlet holes 3633. In the absence of water, the float ball 3634 descends and contacts the bottom of the limiting cylinder 3632, sealing the water storage tank 361 and preventing the water inside the water storage tank 361 from evaporating. It significantly reduces water evaporation loss and improves the utilization efficiency of condensed water in the air. It can continuously and evenly replenish water to the seedling roots without human intervention, stabilize the soil, solve the problem of water shortage in the seedling roots caused by low temperature and low humidity in northern winters and water brought by monsoons, and ensure the water needs for root growth.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment, the support mechanism 4 further includes a crossbeam 41 horizontally installed on the top of the outer wall of the hollow tube 31. A screw 42 is installed at the center of the crossbeam 41 via a bearing. A support plate 43 is screwed to the outer wall of the screw 42. Several steel bars 44 are installed circumferentially on one end of the side wall of the support plate 43. The other end of the steel bars 44 is installed on the top of the base 1. The steel bars 44 provide support for the plastic sheet. When the screw 42 rotates clockwise or counterclockwise, the rotational force of the screw 42 drives the support plate 43 to rise or fall, and the curvature of the steel bars 44 decreases or increases, changing the shape of the plastic sheet. The sunlight-concentrating properties of the plastic sheet can be adjusted as needed to precisely control the temperature around the seedlings, avoiding low temperatures that inhibit growth and high temperatures that burn the seedlings, and reducing the risk of pests and diseases. At the same time, the plastic sheet provides stable support, achieving basic frost protection for the seedling trunks, creating a suitable temperature environment for the seedlings, and improving growth efficiency.

[0026] Working principle: Step 1: The wind cap 352 uses the natural monsoon as the rotation power, the gearbox 351 drives the rotating shaft 353 to rotate, and the fan blade 354 generates axial wind force when rotating. Air enters from the top of the air pipe 34, passes through the heat exchange tank 33 and is sprayed out from the air outlet at the top of the hollow tube 31, providing conditions for extracting moisture from the air. Step 2: Under the action of gravity, the counterweight 3563 presses down the first connecting rod 3561. The first connecting rod 3561 and the second connecting rod 3564 push the friction plate 3562 outward. The friction plate 3562 and the heat exchange tank 33 always remain in contact. The rotating shaft 353 drives the friction plate 3562 to rotate. The friction plate 3562 and the heat exchange tank 33 generate heat through friction. Step 3: The driving bevel gear 355 and the driven bevel gear 310 drive the water pump 38 to work. The heat-insulating water in the base 1 is drawn into the heat exchange tank 33. Due to the obstruction of the air pipe 34, the water flows from bottom to top and flows into the base 1 from the other side of the heat exchange tank 33, allowing the heat-insulating water to circulate between the base 1 and the heat exchange tank 33. The heat generated by the heat exchange tank 33 heats the water, and the base 1 is heated to prevent the seedlings from freezing and dying. Step four: The air passing through the air pipe 34 is heated by the water temperature, so that the hot air can contain more gaseous water vapor. When the heated air leaves the heat exchange tank 33, the low temperature at the bottom of the hollow tube 31 cools the air, and the saturation of water vapor in the air decreases. The excess water vapor forms small liquid water droplets, and the resulting water accumulates at the top of the water storage tank 361. When the buoyancy of the accumulated water causes the float 3634 to rise, the water flows into the water storage tank 361 from the water inlet 3633 and finally flows out from the water outlet 362, increasing the soil moisture, providing growth water for the seedlings, and promoting the growth of the seedlings. Step 5: When there is no water accumulation or insufficient water accumulation between the water storage cylinder 361 and the limiting cylinder 3632, the float ball 3634 contacts the bottom of the limiting cylinder 3632 under its own weight, closing the water storage cylinder 361 and preventing the water in the water storage cylinder 361 from evaporating. Step six: Rotate screw 42 clockwise or counterclockwise. The rotational force of screw 42 drives support plate 43 to rise or fall. The distance between support plate 43 and base 1 increases or decreases. When steel bar 44 is squeezed, its curvature decreases or increases. The curvature of plastic cloth is changed by the curvature of steel bar 44, thereby adjusting the amount of sunlight absorbed. The growth temperature of seedlings is adjusted according to the current temperature, allowing seedlings to grow at a suitable temperature.

[0027] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. A seedling antifreeze device for forest cultivation, comprising a base (1) and a water inlet (2), wherein the base (1) is hollow and has a water storage function, and the outer wall of the base (1) is made of rubber and plastic material, which has a heat preservation effect, characterized in that, At least two heat exchange mechanisms (3) are installed at equal intervals along the circumference on the upper surface of the base (1). The heat exchange mechanisms (3) extract moisture from the air to replenish water for the seedlings. A support mechanism (4) is installed between the heat exchange mechanisms (3). The bottom of the support mechanism (4) is fixed to the base (1). The support mechanism (4) supports the plastic sheet to prevent the seedlings from freezing. The heat exchange mechanism (3) includes a hollow tube (31) mounted on the upper surface of the base (1). The outer wall of the hollow tube (31) is bonded with heat insulation cotton (32) to prevent temperature loss of the hollow tube (31). An air outlet is provided on the upper surface of the hollow tube (31). A heat exchange tank (33) is installed on the inner wall of the hollow tube (31). The heat exchange tank (33) is hollow. Two symmetrical air pipes (34) are installed on the inner wall of the heat exchange tank (33). The top of the air pipes (34) extends out of the outer wall of the heat insulation cotton (32) to allow outside air to enter the air pipes (34). A rotating component (35) is installed on the top of the hollow tube (31). When the rotating component (35) rotates, it rubs against the surface of the heat exchange tank (33) to achieve the purpose of mechanical heat generation. A water replenishment component is installed at the bottom of the hollow tube (31). (36) The water replenishment component (36) is placed vertically into the soil layer. It not only positions the base (1) but also replenishes the water needed for the seedlings to grow. A water pump (38) is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the hollow tube (31). One end of the water inlet pipe (39) is installed at the water inlet of the water pump (38). The other end of the water inlet pipe (39) is connected to the inner cavity of the base (1). The water outlet of the water pump (38) is connected to the heat exchange tank (33). A driven bevel gear (310) is installed at the power input end of the water pump (38). The rotating component (35) and the driven bevel gear (310) drive the water pump (38) to provide power. The suction of the water pump (38) draws out the heat-insulating water in the base (1) and delivers it to the heat exchange tank (33), so that the heat-insulating water circulates between the base (1) and the heat exchange tank (33).

2. The seedling antifreeze device for forest cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange tank (33) has a circular inner side and is composite with a metal-based friction material.

3. The seedling antifreeze device for forest cultivation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The trachea (34) is wavy in shape and made of copper alloy.

4. The seedling antifreeze device for forest cultivation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotating assembly (35) includes a gearbox (351) installed on the top of the inner wall of the hollow tube (31). The input shaft and output shaft of the gearbox (351) are respectively equipped with a wind cap (352) and a rotating shaft (353). The wind cap (352) rotates under the action of wind force to provide power to the gearbox (351). The gearbox (351) changes the rotation speed of the rotating shaft (353). The upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the rotating shaft (353) are respectively equipped with a fan blade (354) and a drive bevel gear (355). When the fan blade (354) rotates, it generates axial thrust, forming a bottom-up wind force in the hollow tube (31). When the drive bevel gear (355) and the driven bevel gear (310) are driven, the water pump (38) can work. The outer wall of the rotating shaft (353) is equidistantly equipped with heat generation units (356) from top to bottom.

5. A seedling antifreeze device for forest cultivation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat generation unit (356) includes two first connecting rods (3561) symmetrically mounted on one end of the outer wall of the rotating shaft (353) via pins. The other end of the first connecting rods (3561) is fitted with a friction plate (3562) via a pin. A counterweight (3563) is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (353). Two second connecting rods (3564) are symmetrically mounted on one end of the bottom of the outer wall of the counterweight (3563) via pins. The other end of the second connecting rods (3564) is connected to the top of the inner side of the friction plate (3562) via a pin. The counterweight (3563) presses down on the second connecting rods (3564) under its own weight. The friction plate (3562) is made to contact the surface of the heat exchange tank (33) through the supporting action of the first connecting rods (3561) and the second connecting rods (3564).

6. A seedling antifreeze device for forest cultivation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer side of the friction plate (3562) is arc-shaped.

7. A seedling antifreeze device for forest cultivation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The water replenishment component (36) includes a water storage cylinder (361) installed at the bottom of the hollow tube (31). The bottom of the water storage cylinder (361) is conical, which makes it easy for the water storage cylinder (361) to be inserted into the soil layer. Several water outlet holes (362) are evenly opened at the bottom of the outer wall of the water storage cylinder (361) so that the collected water can flow into the soil layer from the water outlet holes (362) to replenish water for the growth of seedlings. An anti-evaporation unit (363) is installed at the top of the inner wall of the water storage cylinder (361).

8. A seedling antifreeze device for forest cultivation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The anti-evaporation unit (363) includes a sealing plate (3631) installed on the top of the inner wall of the water storage tank (361). A limiting cylinder (3632) is installed at the center of the sealing plate (3631). A water storage tank is formed between the limiting cylinder (3632) and the water storage tank (361). Water inlet holes (3633) are equidistantly opened along the circumferential direction at the bottom of the outer wall of the limiting cylinder (3632). A float ball (3634) is inserted into the inner cavity of the limiting cylinder (3632). The buoyancy of the accumulated water causes the float ball (3634) to rise. The accumulated water enters the water storage tank (361) from the water inlet hole (3633). In the absence of water, the float ball (3634) descends and contacts the bottom of the limiting cylinder (3632). The float ball (3634) seals the water storage tank (361) to prevent water evaporation in the water storage tank (361).

9. A seedling antifreeze device for forest cultivation according to claim 8, characterized in that, The support mechanism (4) includes a crossbeam (41) horizontally installed on the top of the outer wall of the hollow tube (31). A screw (42) is installed at the center of the crossbeam (41) via a bearing. A support plate (43) is screwed to the outer wall of the screw (42). Several steel bars (44) are installed circumferentially on the side wall of the support plate (43). The other end of the steel bars (44) is installed on the top of the base (1). The steel bars (44) support the plastic cloth.

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