Goldfish and koi high temperature period breeding technology method

Abstract

This invention provides a high-temperature breeding technique for goldfish and koi. By monitoring the water temperature and feeding status of the goldfish and koi, the method obtains the water temperature change trend and feeding status changes. Based on the current water temperature, the magnitude of the temperature change, the duration of the temperature change, and the changes in feeding status, the current stage of change is determined. A feeding management plan is generated based on the current stage and the corresponding water temperature and feeding status. Feeding and management are then implemented according to the feeding management plan. By monitoring water temperature trends and feeding status changes, and generating feeding management plans in stages, a systematic regulation of the health status of goldfish and koi during the high-temperature summer period is achieved. This avoids extensive management relying on experience-based judgment, reduces metabolic burden, stress risks, and health hazards caused by water temperature fluctuations and mismatched feeding, and improves the stability and repeatability of breeding management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture health management technology, and in particular to a high-temperature aquaculture technique for goldfish and koi. Background Technology

[0002] During summer aquaculture, goldfish and koi often face a process of rising and maintaining high water temperatures. Different regions may exhibit varying patterns of temperature change, such as increased diurnal temperature fluctuations, insufficient nighttime cooling, or continuous high temperatures. These temperature changes not only increase the metabolic rate and oxygen demand of goldfish and koi but also weaken the natural recovery capacity of dissolved oxygen in the water. This keeps goldfish and koi in a state of high metabolism and high stress for extended periods, significantly increasing the risk of stress and disease.

[0003] As water temperature gradually rises, the feeding drive, digestive and absorptive capacity, and metabolic adaptation process of goldfish and koi are not synchronized. Especially in the early stage of warming, feeding rhythm disorders, increased digestive burden, or insufficient metabolic adaptation often occur. If the conventional fixed feeding pattern is still used, it is easy to cause the accumulation of undigested feed and metabolic by-products, which will increase the burden on the intestines and metabolic system and induce water quality fluctuations, thus adversely affecting the health of the fish.

[0004] When the water temperature remains at a high level for a long time or there is a sustained high temperature and insufficient cooling at night, goldfish and koi are in a state of high metabolism and high stress for a long time. Their basal oxygen consumption continues to increase, while the decomposition rate of organic matter in the water accelerates, the fluctuation range of dissolved oxygen increases, and water quality risk indicators such as ammonia nitrogen are more likely to accumulate. The environmental pressure is further amplified, which can easily form a vicious cycle that is not conducive to maintaining the physiological state of goldfish and koi.

[0005] In some cases, short-term extreme high-temperature events may occur in summer, with water temperatures rising significantly in a short period. Goldfish and koi are prone to exhibiting symptoms of high-temperature stress, such as a significant decrease in appetite, rapid breathing, and abnormal swimming behavior. If regular feeding or frequent environmental manipulation is continued at this time, it can easily increase the metabolic burden and induce secondary stress, further damaging the health of goldfish and koi.

[0006] In addition, after the extreme high temperature ends or the water temperature drops from the high temperature plateau, the physiological and immune status of goldfish and koi usually undergoes a certain lag recovery process. Their metabolic regulation, barrier function and stress response are difficult to recover to the pre-high temperature level in a timely manner. If the management is not proper during the recovery phase, such as restoring the feeding intensity too quickly or the environmental conditions fluctuate greatly, it can easily lead to a rebound in health status and increase the risk of disease.

[0007] Current management methods for goldfish and koi breeding during the summer high-temperature period mostly rely on experience-based feed reduction or temporary emergency treatment. They usually use a single point in time or a single temperature condition as the basis for judgment, lacking a systematic understanding of the entire process of water temperature changes, and also lacking management strategies that combine changes in feeding status for phased regulation. Especially in key stages such as temperature rise adaptation, extreme high temperature response, and recovery after high temperature drop, management measures lack continuity and repeatability, making it difficult to maintain the stable health of goldfish and koi during the summer high-temperature period. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention provides a high-temperature breeding technology for goldfish and koi, which solves the shortcomings of existing technologies that rely on experience, have extensive control, and are prone to stress during the high-temperature period in summer. The invention achieves the goal of monitoring the water temperature and the feeding status of goldfish and koi, dividing the high-temperature period in summer and the recovery period after the high temperature based on the trend of water temperature change and the change of feeding status, and taking corresponding health management measures at different stages.

[0009] This invention provides a high-temperature breeding technique for goldfish and koi, comprising the following steps.

[0010] The water temperature and feeding status of goldfish and koi were monitored to obtain the water temperature change trend and feeding status changes; the water temperature change trend included the current water temperature, the magnitude of the water temperature change, and the time of the water temperature change. The current stage of change is determined based on the current water temperature, the magnitude of water temperature changes, the duration of water temperature changes, and changes in feeding behavior. Based on the current stage of change and the corresponding water temperature and feeding conditions, a feeding management plan is generated; feeding and management are then implemented according to the feeding management plan.

[0011] According to the high-temperature breeding technology method for goldfish and koi provided by the present invention, the current change stage includes: a temperature rise stage or a sustained high-temperature stage; the current change stage is determined based on the current water temperature, the magnitude of water temperature change, the duration of water temperature change, and changes in feeding status, including: If the current water temperature is within the preset suitable range and the ratio of the water temperature change amplitude to the water temperature change time is within the preset increase range, then the current change stage is the heating stage. If the current water temperature is within the preset high temperature range, and the ratio of the water temperature change amplitude to the water temperature change time is within the preset high temperature range, then the current change phase is the continuous high temperature phase.

[0012] According to the high-temperature breeding technology method for goldfish and koi provided by the present invention, the current change stage includes: an extreme situation stage or a recovery stage; the current change stage is determined based on the current water temperature, the range of water temperature changes, the duration of water temperature changes, and changes in feeding status, including: If the current water temperature is within the preset extreme high temperature range, or the changes in feeding status are within the preset abnormal feeding range, then the current stage of change is the extreme situation stage. If the current water temperature is within the preset extreme high temperature range, and the ratio of the water temperature change amplitude to the water temperature change time is within the preset decrease range, then the current change stage is the recovery stage.

[0013] According to the high-temperature breeding technology method for goldfish and koi provided by the present invention, a feeding management plan is generated based on the current stage of change and the corresponding water temperature and feeding situation, including: Determine the reduction in frequency and amount of feeding based on the current water temperature and feeding behavior at this stage of change; Based on water temperature and feeding patterns, reduce feeding frequency and amount to generate a feeding management plan.

[0014] According to the high-temperature breeding technology method for goldfish and koi provided by the present invention, when the current stage of change is a sustained high-temperature stage, it further includes: If the current stage of change is a sustained high-temperature stage, adjust the feeding time according to the feeding behavior at the corresponding water temperature stage to obtain the adjusted feeding time. Based on water temperature and feeding patterns, the frequency and amount of feeding are reduced to generate a feeding management plan, including: A feeding management plan is generated based on water temperature, feeding behavior, reduced feeding frequency, reduced feeding amount, and adjusted feeding time.

[0015] According to the present invention, a high-temperature breeding technique for goldfish and koi is provided, wherein the current change stage includes: an extreme situation stage or a recovery stage; based on the current change stage and the corresponding water temperature and feeding situation, a feeding management plan is generated, including: If the current stage of change is an extreme situation, determine the extreme feeding time, extreme feeding amount, and environmental operation settings based on the corresponding water temperature and feeding conditions; and generate a feeding management plan based on the extreme feeding time, extreme feeding amount, and environmental operation settings. When the current change phase is the recovery phase, a feeding management plan is generated within the preset observation period based on the feeding time, feeding amount, and environmental operation settings under extreme conditions. After the preset observation period ends, the feeding amount is determined based on the water temperature and feeding situation after the preset observation period ends, and a feeding management plan is generated based on the feeding amount.

[0016] According to the high-temperature breeding technology method for goldfish and koi provided by the present invention, the changes in feeding status include one or more of the following: changes in food intake, feeding enthusiasm, and feeding rhythm.

[0017] This invention also provides a high-temperature breeding technology device for goldfish and koi, comprising the following modules: The monitoring module is used to monitor the water temperature and feeding status of goldfish and koi in the breeding water, and to obtain the water temperature change trend and feeding status change; among which, the water temperature change trend includes the current water temperature, the water temperature change range, and the water temperature change time. The current stage determination module is used to determine the current stage of change based on the current water temperature, the magnitude of water temperature change, the duration of water temperature change, and changes in feeding status. The feeding plan generation module is used to generate a feeding management plan based on the current stage of change and the corresponding water temperature and feeding situation; and to implement feeding and management control according to the feeding management plan.

[0018] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the high-temperature breeding technology method for goldfish and koi as described above.

[0019] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the high-temperature breeding technology method for goldfish and koi as described above.

[0020] The present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the high-temperature breeding technology method for goldfish and koi as described above.

[0021] This invention provides a high-temperature breeding technology and method for goldfish and koi. By monitoring the water temperature and feeding status of the goldfish and koi, the method obtains the water temperature change trend and feeding status changes. The water temperature change trend includes the current water temperature, the magnitude of the change, and the duration of the change. Based on the current water temperature, the magnitude of the change, the duration of the change, and the changes in feeding status, the current stage of change is determined. A feeding management plan is generated based on the current stage and the corresponding water temperature and feeding status. Feeding and management are then implemented according to the feeding management plan. By monitoring the water temperature change trend and feeding status changes, and generating feeding management plans in stages, a systematic regulation of the health status of goldfish and koi during the high-temperature summer period is achieved. This avoids extensive management relying on experience-based judgment, reduces the metabolic burden, stress risk, and health hazards caused by water temperature fluctuations and feeding mismatches, and improves the stability and repeatability of breeding management. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the high-temperature breeding technology for goldfish and koi provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the high-temperature breeding technology device for goldfish and koi provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0027] The following is combined Figures 1 to 3 This invention is described.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the high-temperature breeding technology for goldfish and koi provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following: Step 101: Monitor the water temperature and feeding status of goldfish and koi in the breeding water to obtain the water temperature change trend and feeding status change; the water temperature change trend includes the current water temperature, the water temperature change range and the water temperature change time.

[0029] In step 101 above, the present invention takes the trend of the water temperature of the aquaculture water gradually rising from the low temperature in winter to the suitable growth range as the main basis for management decision-making, and combines the recovery of the feeding behavior of goldfish and koi during the water temperature rise process to dynamically adjust the weight of each factor in the management decision-making, so as to achieve steady-state guided management during the spring water temperature rise period.

[0030] During the initial stage of water temperature rise but before feeding function stabilizes, feeding rhythm and intensity are limited to prevent premature transition to a growth-oriented feeding mode due to rising water temperature or increased short-term feeding response. During the stage of fluctuating feeding status during water temperature rise, feeding behavior is dynamically suppressed or adjusted based on water temperature trends and actual feeding responses to prevent health risks caused by feeding recovery preceding the overall recovery of the digestive and metabolic systems. When water temperature continues to rise and stabilizes, and feeding behavior shows a continuous and stable response, feeding and aquaculture management measures are gradually adjusted to the level of routine growth management to achieve a smooth transition from spring steady-state regulation management to normal growth management.

[0031] This invention monitors the water temperature change trends and feeding status of goldfish and koi in aquaculture.

[0032] Step 102: Determine the current stage of change based on the current water temperature, the range of water temperature change, the time of water temperature change, and the changes in feeding status.

[0033] In step 102 above, the summer high-temperature period and the recovery period after the high temperature are divided into stages based on the water temperature change trend and the changes in feeding status.

[0034] Optionally, the current change phase includes: a heating phase or a sustained high-temperature phase; step 102 includes steps A1 to A2: Step A1: If the current water temperature is within the preset suitable range and the ratio of water temperature change amplitude to water temperature change time is within the preset increase range, then the current change stage is the heating stage.

[0035] Step A2: If the current water temperature is within the preset high temperature range and the ratio of water temperature change amplitude to water temperature change time is within the preset high temperature range, then the current change stage is the continuous high temperature stage.

[0036] In steps A1 to A2 above, during the warming phase where the water temperature gradually increases from a suitable range, the feeding behavior of goldfish and koi is moderately adjusted to avoid sudden changes in the feeding rhythm, so as to promote the adaptation of goldfish and koi to the high-temperature environment.

[0037] During periods of sustained high water temperature, feeding and management should be adjusted based on the feeding status of goldfish and koi to reduce metabolic burden and maintain stable physiological condition of the fish.

[0038] Optionally, the current change phase includes: an extreme situation phase or a recovery phase; step 102 includes steps B1 to B2: Step B1: If the current water temperature is within the preset extreme high temperature range, or the change in feeding status is within the preset abnormal feeding range, then the current change stage is the extreme situation stage.

[0039] Step B2: If the current water temperature is within the preset extreme high temperature range and the ratio of water temperature change amplitude to water temperature change time is within the preset decrease range, then the current change stage is the recovery stage.

[0040] In steps B1 to B2 above, during the period of short-term extreme high temperature or abnormal feeding of goldfish and koi, the adverse effects of high temperature stress on the health of goldfish and koi are mitigated by adjusting the feeding strategy in stages and reducing environmental disturbances. During the recovery phase after the extreme high temperature ends and the water temperature drops, the management intensity before the high temperature is avoided. Instead, a gradual control method is used to promote the smooth transition of goldfish and koi from the state of high temperature stress to the normal physiological state.

[0041] Step 103: Generate a feeding management plan based on the current stage of change and the corresponding water temperature and feeding situation; implement feeding and management control according to the feeding management plan.

[0042] In step 103 above, during the warming phase, the feeding rhythm is adjusted according to the water temperature change trend to match the amount of food fed at one time with the feeding response of goldfish and koi, so as to reduce the production of uneaten food.

[0043] During periods of sustained high temperatures, the metabolic burden on goldfish and koi can be controlled by reducing the total amount of food fed, adjusting the feeding time, or a combination of both.

[0044] During periods of extreme high temperatures, the risk of heat stress in goldfish and koi can be reduced by significantly decreasing the intensity of feeding or stopping feeding in stages, and by minimizing environmental disturbances.

[0045] During the recovery phase, the feeding intensity is gradually increased in stages to promote a smooth recovery of the goldfish and koi's feeding and physiological state.

[0046] Depending on the aquaculture conditions, supplementary environmental regulation measures such as shading, adding well water, and appropriate water changes should be taken to further alleviate the environmental pressure under extreme high temperature conditions.

[0047] Optionally, step 103 includes steps C1 to C2: Step C1: Determine the frequency and amount of feeding to be reduced based on the water temperature and feeding behavior corresponding to the current stage of change.

[0048] Step C2: Generate a feeding management plan based on water temperature, feeding behavior, reduced feeding frequency, and reduced feeding amount.

[0049] In steps C1 to C2 above, during the initial high-temperature stage where the water temperature gradually increases from a suitable range, the feeding behavior of goldfish and koi is moderately adjusted according to the trend of water temperature changes to avoid sudden changes in the feeding rhythm, so as to promote the adaptation of goldfish and koi to the high-temperature environment; when the water temperature is maintained at a high level and the feeding state of goldfish and koi tends to be relatively stable, the physiological state of the fish is maintained by maintaining a stable feeding rhythm and strengthening water quality and environmental management; when there is a short-term extreme high temperature or obvious abnormal feeding, the adverse effects of high temperature stress on the health of goldfish and koi are mitigated by adjusting the feeding strategy in stages and reducing environmental disturbances.

[0050] Optionally, when the current stage of change is a sustained high-temperature stage, the high-temperature breeding technology method for goldfish and koi provided by the present invention further includes steps D1 to D2: Step D1: If the current change phase is a sustained high temperature phase, adjust the feeding time according to the feeding situation at the corresponding water temperature to obtain the adjusted feeding time; Step C2 includes: Step D2: Generate a feeding management plan based on water temperature, feeding behavior, reduced feeding frequency, reduced feeding amount, and adjusted feeding time.

[0051] Optionally, the current change phase includes: an extreme situation phase or a recovery phase; step 103 generates a feeding management plan based on the current change phase and the corresponding water temperature and feeding situation, including steps E1 to E2: Step E1: If the current change phase is an extreme situation, determine the extreme feeding time, extreme feeding amount, and environmental operation settings based on the water temperature and feeding conditions corresponding to the current change phase; generate a feeding management plan based on the extreme feeding time, extreme feeding amount, and environmental operation settings.

[0052] Step E2: If the current change phase is the recovery phase, generate a feeding management plan based on the extreme feeding time, extreme feeding amount, and environmental operation settings within the preset observation period; after the preset observation period ends, determine the recovery feeding amount based on the water temperature and feeding situation after the preset observation period ends, and generate a feeding management plan based on the recovery feeding amount.

[0053] In steps E1 to E2 above, after the extreme high temperature ends and the water temperature gradually returns to a normal and suitable range, during the recovery phase after the water temperature returns to normal, avoid immediately returning to the management intensity before the high temperature. Promote the smooth transition of goldfish and koi from the high temperature stress state to the normal physiological state through gradual regulation.

[0054] Through the above-mentioned phased regulation method, the present invention can effectively reduce the stress risk of goldfish and koi during the summer high temperature and the subsequent recovery period, maintain stable feeding and metabolic status, improve the stability and repeatability of summer breeding management, and is applicable to the health management of goldfish and koi during the summer high temperature period under different breeding conditions.

[0055] Optionally, changes in feeding status include one or more of the following: changes in food intake, feeding activity, and feeding rhythm.

[0056] This invention addresses the problems of existing technologies, such as reliance on experience, inefficient control, and susceptibility to stress during the high-temperature summer period. It provides a method for raising goldfish and koi during this period. This method monitors the water temperature and the feeding status of the goldfish and koi. Based on the trends in water temperature and feeding behavior, it divides the summer high-temperature period and the post-high-temperature recovery phase into stages, and implements corresponding health management measures at each stage.

[0057] The specific judgment criteria in steps 101 to 103 above are as follows.

[0058] S1) Water temperature monitoring: Record the water temperature of the aquaculture water body at a frequency of no less than once a day and calculate the daily average water temperature T̄; record the highest water temperature Tmax and the lowest water temperature Tmin within 24 hours and calculate the daily temperature difference ΔT=Tmax-Tmin; S2) Trend identification and phase division: The continuous multi-day change trend of T̄ and Tmax is used as the first criterion for phase identification, and the summer high temperature period is divided into the warming adaptation phase, the sustained high temperature phase, the extreme high temperature suppression phase, and the high temperature decline transition phase; among them, the phase determination is not based solely on the temperature value at a single point in time. S3) Standardized observation and scoring of feeding: After feeding within the fixed feeding window every day, record the start time of feeding, the proportion of group participation and the proportion of uneaten feed R within 10-30 minutes, and use a feeding score of 0-3 points S to quantify the feeding status; S4) Continuous and stable feeding determination: When S≥2 and R≤10% are satisfied for at least 2 consecutive feeding cycles, the feeding is determined to be continuous and stable. S5) Phased feeding regulation: During the warming adaptation phase, reduce the feeding frequency and / or feeding amount and avoid the peak daily high temperature period 2-4 hours before and after the expected Tmax; during the sustained high temperature phase, fix the low-risk feeding period and reduce the total daily feeding amount compared to normal; during the extreme high temperature suppression phase, suspend or significantly reduce regular feeding and replace it with trial low-amount feeding; during the high temperature decline transition phase, under the premise of continuous and stable feeding, gradually restore the feeding intensity in a step-by-step manner. S6) Retreat Rules and Operational Constraints: If T̄ rises, Tmax increases, ΔT increases (preferably ΔT ≥ 2.0℃ and / or ΔT increases by ≥ 1.0℃ compared to the previous day), S decreases, or R increases at any stage, the feeding intensity shall be reduced according to the preset steps; and during the warming adaptation stage and the extreme high temperature suppression stage, high-stress operations such as pond separation, fishing, netting, or single large-scale water exchange shall be reduced or avoided, while maintaining dissolved oxygen and nitrogen indicators within the preset safety threshold range; S7) Establish a management record table to record T̄, Tmax, Tmin, ΔT, S, R, stage judgment, feeding strategy and rollback status, so as to form an executable, recordable and verifiable management closed loop.

[0059] In step S2, the number of consecutive days for discrimination is 2-5 days; the threshold of Tmax in the entry conditions for the warming adaptation phase is 27-29℃; the threshold of T̄ in the entry conditions for the sustained high temperature phase is 29-31℃; the threshold of Tmax in the entry conditions for the extreme high temperature inhibition phase is 32-35℃ and / or the appearance of symptoms such as panting and floating head; the entry conditions for the high temperature decline transition phase are that T̄ decreases for ≥2 consecutive days and is stably below 29-31℃ (preferably for ≥2 consecutive days and the change in T̄ between adjacent days is ≤0.5℃) and the continuous and stable feeding criterion described in step S4 is met.

[0060] The feeding score S in step S3 is a 0-3 point system: 0 points indicates no feeding or almost no feeding; 1 point indicates a small number of individuals feeding and R>10%; 2 points indicates that most individuals participate in feeding and R is 5%-10%; 3 points indicates that the group is actively feeding and R≤5%.

[0061] The residual bait ratio R mentioned in step S3 is determined by the weighing method of collecting with a landing net, or by the preset visual grading method.

[0062] The fixed feeding window is the same time period every day, and the interval between two consecutive feedings is ≥6 hours; the low-risk feeding period is early morning and / or evening, and avoids the period 2-4 hours before and after the expected highest water temperature of the day.

[0063] The feeding strategy during the warming adaptation phase is as follows: feed 0-2 times a day, with a daily feed amount of 0.2%-0.8% of the fish's body weight; when S≤1 or R>10%, reduce the feeding level or suspend feeding.

[0064] During periods of sustained high temperatures, the feeding strategy is as follows: feed 0-1 times per day, reduce the total daily feed amount by 30%-60% compared to normal, and perform uneaten feed cleaning and water quality inspection.

[0065] The feeding strategy during the extreme high temperature suppression phase is to suspend regular feeding for 1-3 days, or to conduct trial low-amount feeding only in the early morning; the trial low-amount feeding amount is 5%-20% of the regular single feeding amount.

[0066] The preset step-by-step regression in step S6 includes at least three levels: the first level reduces the total daily feeding amount by 10%-30%; the second level reduces the total daily feeding amount by 30%-60% or changes to feeding every other day; the third level suspends regular feeding for 1-3 days and replaces it with trial low-amount feeding.

[0067] Specific embodiments are given below.

[0068] This embodiment uses the actual operation process of goldfish and koi breeding and management during the high-temperature summer period in an open pond as an example to illustrate the implementation process of the method of the present invention. The koi are adult fish with a body length of about 25-35 cm, raised in an open earthen pond, and the breeding water is not equipped with active cooling equipment.

[0069] Upon entering summer, the water temperature was monitored and observed to gradually rise from 26℃, reaching above 28℃ for two consecutive days with a sustained upward trend, indicating the koi had entered the temperature adaptation phase. During this phase, the regular feeding schedule was adjusted from twice daily to once or twice daily, with a slight reduction in the amount fed per feeding to ensure that the feed was largely consumed within 5-10 minutes. Feeding was also avoided during the afternoon when water temperatures rise rapidly, prioritizing feeding in the morning or evening when water temperatures are relatively lower. These adjustments resulted in no significant accumulation of uneaten feed, and the koi's feeding activity remained relatively stable.

[0070] As air temperatures rose, water temperatures remained between 30 and 32°C for more than five days, with limited nighttime temperature drops, indicating a sustained high-temperature phase. During this phase, feeding frequency was fixed at once daily, with the total daily feed amount reduced by approximately 40%–50% compared to normal. Feeding times were adjusted to before 9:00 AM or after 6:00 PM to avoid peak daily temperatures. Uneaten feed removal and water quality monitoring were intensified, and no strenuous operations such as separating fish into different ponds or harvesting were conducted. During this sustained high-temperature phase, the koi's feeding behavior remained relatively stable, with no obvious signs of surfacing or abnormal swimming postures.

[0071] During the later stages of the sustained high temperatures, influenced by continuous sunny and hot weather, the water temperature briefly rose to 33–34℃ at midday. Some koi exhibited signs of heat stress, such as a significant decrease in feeding and an increased respiratory rate, indicating that the region had entered an extreme heat emergency phase. During this phase, regular feeding was stopped, with only small, trial feedings conducted in the early morning when the water temperature was relatively lower. Simultaneously, unnecessary environmental operations were suspended, prioritizing the maintenance of dissolved oxygen and environmental stability. After two days of emergency management, the koi's swimming posture and respiratory status gradually improved.

[0072] As weather conditions changed, the water temperature in the aquaculture area gradually decreased from a high-temperature plateau and stabilized below 30℃. This was determined to be the recovery phase following the high-temperature decline. In the initial recovery phase, a trial feeding method of once a day with low feeding amounts was maintained. After observing for two consecutive days without any obvious uneaten feed or digestive abnormalities, the feeding amount was gradually increased, but not all at once back to the pre-high-temperature level. Frequent environmental manipulation was still avoided during the recovery phase.

[0073] Through the above-mentioned phased management and gradual recovery regulation, the feeding rhythm of koi carp in this embodiment gradually recovered, and their overall health status remained stable. No secondary stress or disease rebound was observed after the high temperature.

[0074] This embodiment uses the actual operation process of goldfish breeding and management during the high-temperature summer period under a single-stage facility breeding pond as an example to illustrate the implementation process of the method of the present invention. The goldfish are adult fish with a body length of about 20-30 cm, and are raised in an outdoor facility cement pond. The pond has basic aeration conditions, but is not equipped with active cooling or precise temperature control devices.

[0075] After entering summer, daily monitoring revealed that the water temperature in the aquaculture area gradually increased from around 25℃, reaching 27–28℃ for three consecutive days and showing a continuous upward trend, indicating that the fish had entered the temperature rise adaptation phase. During this phase, the regular feeding schedule of three times a day was adjusted to twice a day, with a corresponding reduction in the amount of food given per feeding to ensure that the feed was largely consumed within approximately 5–8 minutes after feeding. The feeding time was also adjusted to avoid concentrated feeding during the afternoon when the water temperature rises rapidly, prioritizing earlier morning and evening feedings. After these adjustments, the goldfish's feeding behavior remained relatively stable, with no significant accumulation of uneaten food.

[0076] With the onset of sustained high temperatures, the water temperature remained within the range of 29–31℃ for about a week, with only a small drop in temperature at night, indicating the start of a sustained high-temperature phase. During this phase, the feeding frequency was further adjusted to once daily, and the total daily feed amount was reduced by approximately 30%–40% compared to normal. Feeding time was fixed in the morning when the water temperature was relatively low, and inspections of uneaten food and water quality were intensified to avoid unnecessary manipulation of the pond. During this phase, the goldfish's feeding response was generally stable, and no obvious surfacing or abnormal swimming behavior was observed.

[0077] During the later stages of the sustained high-temperature period, influenced by continuous sunny and hot weather, the water temperature rose to 32–33℃ within a short period during the day. Some goldfish exhibited symptoms of heat stress, such as decreased feeding activity and rapid breathing, indicating the onset of an extreme high-temperature emergency phase. During this phase, regular feeding was suspended, with only small, trial feedings given in the early morning when the water temperature was relatively lower. Simultaneously, the frequency of operations within the pond was reduced, prioritizing the maintenance of dissolved oxygen and environmental stability. After approximately 1–2 days of emergency management, the goldfish's overall swimming posture and respiratory status gradually recovered.

[0078] As weather conditions changed, the water temperature in the aquaculture ponds gradually dropped from a high-temperature plateau and stabilized below 29℃, indicating that the area had entered the recovery phase after the high-temperature drop. In the initial recovery phase, a trial feeding method of once daily with low feeding amounts was maintained. After two consecutive days of observation without significant uneaten feed or digestive abnormalities, the feeding amount was gradually increased, but not immediately returned to the pre-high-temperature feeding levels. During the recovery phase, frequent pond separation, harvesting, and other environmentally disruptive operations were avoided.

[0079] Through the above-mentioned phased and gradual recovery management, the goldfish's feeding rhythm gradually recovered, their overall health status remained stable, and no secondary stress or disease rebound occurred after the high temperature.

[0080] This invention provides a goldfish health management method based on phased regulation of water temperature and feeding status. By monitoring the water temperature and feeding status of the goldfish, the method obtains the water temperature change trend and feeding status changes. The water temperature change trend includes the current water temperature, the magnitude of the change, and the duration of the change. Based on the current water temperature, the magnitude of the change, the duration of the change, and the changes in feeding status, the current stage of change is determined. A feeding management plan is generated based on the current stage and the corresponding water temperature and feeding status. Feeding and management are then implemented according to the feeding management plan. By monitoring water temperature change trends and feeding status changes, and generating feeding management plans in stages, a systematic regulation of the goldfish's health status during the high-temperature summer period is achieved. This avoids extensive management relying on experience-based judgment, reduces metabolic burden, stress risks, and health hazards caused by water temperature fluctuations and mismatched feeding, and improves the stability and repeatability of aquaculture management.

[0081] The following describes the goldfish and koi health management device based on phased regulation of water temperature and feeding status provided by the present invention. The goldfish and koi health management device based on phased regulation of water temperature and feeding status described below can be referred to in correspondence with the goldfish and koi health management method based on phased regulation of water temperature and feeding status described above.

[0082] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the goldfish and koi health management device based on the phased regulation of water temperature and feeding status provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2As shown, the device includes the following: The monitoring module 201 is used to monitor the water temperature and feeding status of goldfish and koi in the breeding water, and to obtain the water temperature change trend and feeding status change; among which, the water temperature change trend includes the current water temperature, the water temperature change range and the water temperature change time.

[0083] The current stage determination module 202 is used to determine the current change stage based on the current water temperature, the magnitude of water temperature change, the duration of water temperature change, and changes in feeding status.

[0084] The feeding plan generation module 203 is used to generate a feeding management plan based on the current stage of change and the corresponding water temperature and feeding situation; and to implement feeding and management control according to the feeding management plan.

[0085] This invention provides a goldfish and koi health management device based on phased regulation of water temperature and feeding status. By monitoring the water temperature and feeding status of the goldfish and koi, the device obtains the water temperature change trend and feeding status changes. The water temperature change trend includes the current water temperature, the magnitude of the change, and the duration of the change. Based on the current water temperature, the magnitude of the change, the duration of the change, and the changes in feeding status, the current stage of change is determined. A feeding management plan is generated based on the current stage and the corresponding water temperature and feeding status. Feeding and management are then implemented according to the feeding management plan. By monitoring water temperature change trends and feeding status changes, and generating feeding management plans in stages, a systematic regulation of the health status of goldfish and koi during the high-temperature summer period is achieved. This avoids extensive management relying on experience-based judgment, reduces metabolic burden, stress risks, and health hazards caused by water temperature fluctuations and mismatched feeding, and improves the stability and repeatability of aquaculture management.

[0086] Figure 3 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device may include a processor 810, a communications interface 820, a memory 830, and a communication bus 840. The processor 810, communications interface 820, and memory 830 communicate with each other via the communication bus 840. The processor 810 can call logical instructions from the memory 830 to execute a goldfish and koi health management method based on phased regulation of water temperature and feeding status.

[0087] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 830 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0088] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer is able to execute the goldfish and koi health management methods based on the phased regulation of water temperature and feeding status provided by the above methods.

[0089] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the goldfish and koi health management method based on staged regulation of water temperature and feeding status provided by the above methods.

[0090] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0091] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0092] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature breeding technique for goldfish and koi, characterized in that, include: The water temperature and feeding status of goldfish and koi carp in the breeding water were monitored to obtain the water temperature change trend and feeding status change; wherein, the water temperature change trend includes the current water temperature, the water temperature change range and the water temperature change time. The current stage of change is determined based on the current water temperature, the magnitude of water temperature changes, the duration of water temperature changes, and changes in feeding behavior. Based on the current stage of change and the corresponding water temperature and feeding conditions, a feeding management plan is generated; and feeding and management are implemented according to the feeding management plan.

2. The high-temperature breeding technology method for goldfish and koi according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current change phase includes: a warming phase or a sustained high-temperature phase; determining the current change phase based on the current water temperature, the magnitude of water temperature change, the duration of water temperature change, and changes in feeding status includes: If the current water temperature is within the preset suitable range and the ratio of the water temperature change amplitude to the water temperature change time is within the preset increase range, then the current change stage is the heating stage. If the current water temperature is within the preset high temperature range, and the ratio of the water temperature change amplitude to the water temperature change time is within the preset high temperature range, then the current change phase is the continuous high temperature phase.

3. The high-temperature breeding technique for goldfish and koi according to claim 2, characterized in that, The current change phase includes: an extreme situation phase or a recovery phase; determining the current change phase based on the current water temperature, the magnitude of water temperature change, the duration of water temperature change, and changes in feeding status includes: If the current water temperature is within the preset extreme high temperature range, or the changes in feeding status are within the preset abnormal feeding range, then the current stage of change is the extreme situation stage. If the current water temperature is within the preset extreme high temperature range, and the ratio of the water temperature change amplitude to the water temperature change time is within the preset decrease range, then the current change stage is the recovery stage.

4. The high-temperature breeding technology for goldfish and koi according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of generating a feeding management plan based on the current stage of change and the corresponding water temperature and feeding situation includes: Based on the current water temperature and feeding conditions corresponding to the current stage of change, determine the frequency and amount of feeding to be reduced. A feeding management plan is generated based on the water temperature and feeding status, the reduction in feeding frequency, and the reduction in feeding amount.

5. The high-temperature breeding technique for goldfish and koi according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the case where the current stage of change is a sustained high-temperature stage, it also includes: If the current change phase is a sustained high temperature phase, the feeding time is adjusted according to the feeding situation at the water temperature corresponding to the current change phase to obtain the adjusted feeding time. Based on the water temperature and feeding status, the reduction in feeding frequency, and the reduction in feeding amount, a feeding management plan is generated, including: A feeding management plan is generated based on the water temperature and feeding status, the reduced feeding frequency, the reduced feeding amount, and the adjusted feeding time.

6. The high-temperature breeding technique for goldfish and koi according to claim 3, characterized in that, The current change phase includes: an extreme situation phase or a recovery phase; the generation of a feeding management plan based on the current change phase and the corresponding water temperature and feeding conditions includes: If the current stage of change is an extreme situation, determine the extreme feeding period, extreme feeding amount, and environmental operation settings based on the water temperature and feeding conditions corresponding to the current stage of change; and generate a feeding management plan based on the extreme feeding period, extreme feeding amount, and environmental operation settings. When the current change phase is a recovery phase, a feeding management plan is generated within a preset observation period based on the extreme feeding time, extreme feeding amount, and environmental operation settings. After the preset observation period ends, the recovery feeding amount is determined based on the water temperature and feeding situation after the preset observation period ends, and a feeding management plan is generated based on the recovery feeding amount.

7. The high-temperature breeding technique for goldfish and koi according to claim 1, characterized in that, The changes in the feeding status include one or more of the following: changes in food intake, feeding enthusiasm, and feeding rhythm.

8. A high-temperature breeding technology device for goldfish and koi, characterized in that, include: The monitoring module is used to monitor the water temperature and feeding status of goldfish and koi in the breeding water, and to obtain the water temperature change trend and feeding status change; wherein, the water temperature change trend includes the current water temperature, the water temperature change range, and the water temperature change time. The current stage determination module is used to determine the current stage of change based on the current water temperature, the magnitude of water temperature change, the duration of water temperature change, and changes in feeding status. The feeding plan generation module is used to generate a feeding management plan based on the current change stage and the corresponding water temperature and feeding situation; and to implement feeding and management control according to the feeding management plan.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the high-temperature breeding technology method for goldfish and koi as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the high-temperature breeding technology method for goldfish and koi as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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