A drainage interception and underground water storage system for a surface mine dump

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of open-pit mine spoil heap technology, specifically to an open-pit mine spoil heap interception, drainage, and underground water storage system. The system includes a spoil heap slope, with the interception, drainage, and underground water storage module comprising sedimentation tanks excavated at the top and bottom of the slope. HDPE drainage pipes are buried inside the slope area, ecological bag interception ditches are excavated at the bottom of the slope, an open-pit flexible water storage tank is excavated at the bottom of the slope, and an underground PP module water storage tank is excavated at the bottom of the slope. This open-pit mine spoil heap interception, drainage, and underground water storage system, composed of standardized modules including sedimentation tanks, drainage pipes, ecological bag interception ditches, and water storage tanks, realizes the entire process of rainwater collection, drainage, and storage at the open-pit mine spoil heap, effectively improving water resource utilization. By constructing sedimentation tanks and equipping them with gabion retaining walls and permeable brick shafts to filter sediment, and simultaneously employing ecological bags, grass layers, and gabion ecological structures, soil erosion is reduced, effectively restoring the ecological environment of the spoil heap.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of open-pit mine spoil heap technology, specifically to an open-pit mine spoil heap interception and drainage and underground water storage system. Background Technology

[0002] Open-pit mine spoil heaps are artificial slope structures formed by piling up stripped rock and soil during open-pit mining. Due to the loose rock and soil structure of these heaps, rainwater and groundwater easily seep and erode the slopes, causing instability and landslides. They can also lead to water accumulation at the bottom of the pit, affecting mine production. Interception and drainage systems can quickly divert water flow, prevent seepage and damage, and ensure the safety of the spoil heap and mining operations. At the same time, open-pit mines have high water demands for production, dust suppression, and greening. Groundwater storage can realize the utilization of rainwater resources, collecting and storing slope runoff and seepage, which can replace fresh water resources, reduce water costs for mines, effectively reduce surface runoff and soil erosion, and, when combined with ecological structures to restore the ecology of the spoil heap, reduce the damage of mining to the surrounding environment.

[0003] A search revealed a method for constructing a spoil heap in an open-pit mine in a water-rich area, as disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN121111261A. This method utilizes the filtration function of a filter wall to ensure the longevity of the culvert. The individual water-blocking and combing unit has a simple structure and flexible adjustment, making it easy to handle spoil heaps in open-pit mines with varying water volumes. The continuous and partially overlapping construction method of the water-blocking and combing units achieves complete short-term blocking of seepage.

[0004] However, the construction method of open-pit mine spoil heaps in this water-rich area requires continuous pumping of groundwater in the early stage, and lacks the ability to store water and protect the ecology. Although the water system is restored in the later stage, it still causes phased damage to the regional groundwater environment and is prone to waste of rainwater and flood resources. Therefore, based on the existing technical deficiencies, an open-pit mine spoil heap interception and drainage and underground water storage system is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an open-pit mine spoil heap interception and drainage and underground water storage system, which integrates interception and drainage and underground water storage facilities to achieve efficient water resource utilization, and solves the problem that existing open-pit mine spoil heap construction methods lack water resource utilization measures.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the goal of efficient water resource utilization through the integrated interception and drainage and underground water storage facilities, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an open-pit mine spoil heap interception and drainage and underground water storage system, including a mine spoil heap slope, the mine spoil heap slope being composed of a top area, a surface area and a toe area, and an interception and drainage and underground water storage module being installed on the mine spoil heap slope;

[0009] The interception and drainage and underground water storage module includes sedimentation tanks excavated in the top and bottom areas of the slope, HDPE drainage pipes buried inside the slope area, ecological bag interception ditches excavated in the bottom area of ​​the slope, open-air flexible water storage tanks excavated in the bottom area of ​​the slope, and underground PP module water storage tanks excavated in the bottom area of ​​the slope.

[0010] Preferably, the sedimentation tank includes a first foundation pit excavated in the top and bottom areas of the slope, and a first composite protective fabric layer is laid on the inner bottom wall and inner side wall of the first foundation pit. The first composite protective fabric layer is divided into a geotextile layer and an impermeable fabric layer.

[0011] The geotextile layer and the impermeable fabric layer are bonded and fixed together using KS hot melt adhesive, and the edge of the impermeable fabric layer extends out of the first foundation pit and is fixed to the outside of the first foundation pit by anchoring.

[0012] Preferably, a lead wire gabion mesh layer is built on the outer layer of the first composite protective fabric layer. The lead wire gabion mesh layer is made of hot-dip aluminum-zinc shaped cross section low carbon lead wire, and the inner side of the lead wire gabion mesh layer is filled with crushed stone.

[0013] A gabion retaining wall and a permeable brick shaft were constructed on the inner bottom wall of the first pit, and eco-bags were stacked in an alternating manner on the inner side wall of the first pit.

[0014] Preferably, a group of natural gullies is formed in the slope area, and the HDPE drainage pipe is a steel-reinforced HDPE corrugated pipe structure. The HDPE drainage pipe is buried at a vertical depth of 55cm in the slope area and is buried in a straight line from the sedimentation tank located at the top of the slope to the sedimentation tank located at the bottom of the slope.

[0015] Preferably, the ecological bag intercepting ditch includes a second foundation pit excavated in the slope toe area, and a second composite protective fabric layer is laid on the inner bottom wall and inner side wall of the second foundation pit. The second composite protective fabric layer is composed of a geotextile layer and an impermeable fabric layer, and the geotextile layer and the impermeable fabric layer are bonded and fixed together by KS hot melt adhesive.

[0016] The edge of the impermeable fabric layer extends out of the second foundation pit and is fixed to the outside of the second foundation pit by anchoring. Ecological bags are stacked in staggered positions on the outer layer of the second composite protective fabric layer.

[0017] Preferably, the open-air flexible water storage tank includes a third foundation pit excavated in the slope toe area. The inner side of the third foundation pit is an inverted truncated pyramid structure. A third composite protective fabric layer is laid on the inner bottom wall and inner side wall of the third foundation pit. The third composite protective fabric layer is composed of a geotextile layer and a seepage-proof fabric layer. The geotextile layer and the seepage-proof fabric layer are bonded and fixed together with KS hot melt adhesive. The edge of the seepage-proof fabric layer extends out of the third foundation pit and is fixed to the outside of the third foundation pit by anchoring.

[0018] Preferably, a water inlet is provided on one side of the third foundation pit, and the water inlet is connected to a sedimentation tank located at the foot of the slope through an ecological bag intercepting ditch. An iron fence is installed on the outside of the third foundation pit.

[0019] Preferably, the underground PP module water storage tank includes a fourth foundation pit excavated in the slope toe area and located on the other side of the third foundation pit. A reinforced concrete base slab is laid on the inner bottom wall of the fourth foundation pit. PP modules are assembled on the top of the reinforced concrete base slab. The soil of the fourth foundation pit is backfilled to form a backfill soil layer. A grass layer is planted on the top of the backfill soil layer.

[0020] An iron fence was installed on the outside of the backfill layer, and a concrete base was built on top of the backfill layer for the construction of the electrical control cabinet.

[0021] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an open-pit mine spoil heap drainage and underground water storage system, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The open-pit mine spoil heap interception and drainage and underground water storage system consists of standardized modules including sedimentation tanks, drainage pipes, ecological bag interception ditches and water storage tanks. The construction and deployment are flexible and convenient. By integrating the interception and drainage and underground water storage system, the entire process of rainwater collection, diversion and storage of open-pit mine spoil heap is realized, which effectively improves the water resource utilization rate.

[0024] 2. The drainage and underground water storage system of this open-pit mine spoil heap uses sedimentation tanks and gabion retaining walls and permeable brick shafts to filter sediment and prevent blockage of drainage pipes. At the same time, the use of ecological bags, grass layers and gabion ecological structures reduces soil erosion and effectively restores the ecological environment of the spoil heap. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the slope structure of the mine spoil heap of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sedimentation tank of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the HDPE drainage concealed pipe of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the ecological bag intercepting ditch of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the ecological bag intercepting ditch of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the open-air flexible water storage tank of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the underground PP module water storage tank of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Mine spoil heap slope; 101. Slope top area; 102. Slope surface area; 103. Slope toe area; 2. Interception and drainage and underground water storage module; 201. Sedimentation basin; 2011. First foundation pit; 2012. First composite protective fabric layer; 2013. Gabion mesh layer; 2014. Gabion retaining wall; 2015. Permeable brick shaft; 202. HDPE drainage pipe; 203. Ecological bag intercepting ditch; 2031. Second foundation pit; 20 32. Second composite protective fabric layer; 204. Open-air flexible water storage tank; 2041. Third foundation pit; 2042. Third composite protective fabric layer; 2043. Water inlet port; 205. Underground PP module water storage tank; 2051. Fourth foundation pit; 2052. Reinforced concrete base slab; 2053. PP module; 2054. Backfill soil layer; 3. Ecological bag components; 4. Natural gully group; 5. Iron fence; 6. Grass layer; 7. Concrete base layer. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] In this embodiment, the internal volume of the sedimentation tank is designed to be 8m³. 3 Its construction process is as follows:

[0036] 1. When the first foundation pit was excavated in 2011, it was first cleaned and leveled. The foundation was flat, dry, free of debris and sharp objects, and the foundation surface was free of cracks, mud and depressions. The slope was uniform and there were no local unevenness on the base surface. The foundation pit was designed as a 5×3×1.5m cuboid with a wall thickness of 0.5m.

[0037] 1. The density of the composite geotextile with a two-layer fabric and one-layer membrane structure is 400 g / m³. 2 Allow 5% for expansion of the geotextile, overlap 20-30cm at the joint, extend the impermeable fabric 50cm outward on each of the four sides of the sedimentation tank, excavate anchoring trenches, fix with anchor nails and cover with soil.

[0038] 2. The 2013 gabion mesh layer has a mesh size of 8×10cm, a tensile strength of 50KN / m, a wire diameter of 2.5mm, and a coating weight of 245g / m. 2 .

[0039] 3. The stones used to fill the gabions should be hard, not easily weathered, not easily hydrolyzed, and not easily broken. The particle size of the filling stones should be 100~300mm. The permeability coefficient of the permeable bricks in the 2015 permeable brick shaft should not be less than 1mm / s. After the gabion is constructed, ecological bags should be stacked alternately on the top of the pool wall at a height of 30cm.

[0040] 4. The standard dimensions of a single eco-bag are 80×40cm, and the dimensions after filling with soil are 60×30×15cm. The fabric material is polypropylene, and the weight is not less than 130g / m³. 2 .

[0041] Example 2

[0042] In this embodiment, HDPE drainage pipes are laid in the slope area 102 using natural gullies. The construction process is as follows:

[0043] 1. Bury the HDPE drainage pipe at a vertical depth of 55cm on the slope, in a straight line from the sedimentation tank at the top of the slope to the sedimentation tank at the bottom of the slope. Before burying, the depth and extension angle characteristics of the gully must be modified to adapt to the slope.

[0044] 2. After the pipeline is laid, it should be compacted in layers to ensure that the impact of natural soil settlement on the pipeline is reduced.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] In this embodiment, the construction process of the ecological bag intercepting ditch 203 is as follows:

[0047] 1. The second foundation pit 2031 was first cleaned and leveled. The foundation was flat, dry, free of debris and sharp objects, and the foundation surface was free of cracks, mud, and depressions. The slope was uniform and there were no local unevenness on the base surface.

[0048] 2. The standard dimensions of a single eco-bag are 80×40cm, and the dimensions after filling with soil are 60×30×15cm. The fabric is made of polypropylene, and the weight is 130g / m³. 2 .

[0049] 3. A composite geotextile with a two-layer fabric and one-layer membrane structure is laid on the bottom and sidewalls of the second foundation pit 2031. A 5% expansion allowance is reserved for the geotextile. The overlap width at the joint is 20-30cm. The geotextile extends 50cm beyond the ground on all four sides of the sedimentation tank. Anchor trenches are excavated, and the geotextile is fixed with anchor nails and then covered with soil.

[0050] Example 4

[0051] In this embodiment, the fourth foundation pit 2051 of the underground PP module water storage tank 205 has earthwork dimensions of 12.2×6×4m (length×width×height), and its construction process is as follows:

[0052] 1. The excavation of the fourth foundation pit 2051 first involves cleaning and leveling. The foundation is flat, dry, free of debris and sharp objects, and the surface is free of cracks, mud, and depressions. The slope is uniform and there are no local unevenness on the base surface.

[0053] 2. After excavation, the foundation is compacted, and a reinforced concrete base slab of 2052 is laid. The PP manufacturer will then carry out the installation, construction, and commissioning of the water storage tank.

[0054] 3. After the manufacturer completes the installation and commissioning, backfill the soil, strictly compact it in layers, and ensure that the layer height does not exceed 15cm to reduce the impact of natural soil settlement on the pipeline. After backfilling to restore the original state, plant grass and greenery on the backfill soil.

[0055] 5. Install an iron fence within a 0.5m radius outside the backfill area, including posts with dimensions of 5×5cm and a thickness of 1.5mm; horizontal posts with dimensions of 3.2×3.2cm and a thickness of 1.2mm; and central posts with dimensions of 1.6×1.6cm and a thickness of 1.0mm. Construct a concrete foundation for an electrical control cabinet inside the fence, with dimensions of 500×300×100mm.

[0056] Example 5

[0057] In this embodiment, the construction process of the open-air flexible reservoir 204 is as follows:

[0058] 1. The third foundation pit 2041 is designed as an inverted truncated pyramid. The bottom surface of the truncated pyramid, which is the intersection of the foundation pit and the ground, is a square with a side length of 11m. The top surface of the truncated pyramid, which is the bottom of the foundation pit, is a square with a side length of 5.8m. The trapezoidal side of the truncated pyramid forms an angle of 30° with the horizontal plane. The depth of the foundation pit is 1.5m.

[0059] 2. Before excavating the foundation pit, the pit must be cleaned and leveled. The foundation should be flat, dry, free of debris and sharp objects, and the surface should be free of cracks, mud, and depressions. The slope should be uniform and there should be no local unevenness on the foundation surface.

[0060] 3. After excavation, the foundation and sides are compacted. A composite geotextile with two layers of fabric and one layer of membrane is laid on the bottom and side walls of the pit. The geotextile is reserved for 5% expansion and contraction. The overlap width at the joints is 20-30cm. The geotextile extends 50cm beyond the ground on all four sides of the reservoir. Anchor trenches are constructed and covered with soil.

[0061] 4. The laid geotextile impermeable fabric is an open-air water storage tank. An inlet is made on one side of the water storage tank and connected to the steel strip HDPE corrugated pipe that passes under the road surface upstream.

[0062] 5. Install wrought iron fencing within a 0.5m radius extending outward from the outer edge of the anchoring trench of the water storage tank. The uprights are 5×5cm in size and 1.5mm thick; the horizontal posts are 3.2×3.2cm in size and 1.2mm thick; and the central uprights are 1.6×1.6cm in size and 1.0mm thick.

[0063] In summary, the open-pit mine spoil heap interception and drainage and underground water storage system consists of standardized modules including sedimentation tanks, drainage pipes, ecological bag interception ditches, and water storage tanks. The construction and deployment are flexible and convenient. By integrating the interception and drainage and underground water storage system, the entire process of rainwater collection, diversion and storage of open-pit mine spoil heaps can be realized, effectively improving the water resource utilization rate.

[0064] By constructing sedimentation tanks and equipping them with gabion retaining walls and permeable brick shafts to filter sediment and prevent drainage pipe blockage, and by using ecological bags, grass layers and gabion ecological structures, soil erosion is reduced and the ecological environment of the spoil heap is effectively restored.

[0065] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0066] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An open-pit mine spoil heap interception and drainage and underground water storage system, comprising a mine spoil heap slope (1), characterized in that: The mine spoil heap slope (1) consists of a top area (101), a slope surface area (102) and a bottom area (103). A drainage and underground water storage module (2) is installed on the mine spoil heap slope (1). The interception and drainage and underground water storage module (2) includes a sedimentation tank (201) excavated in the top area (101) and the bottom area (103) of the slope, an HDPE drainage pipe (202) buried inside the slope area (102), an ecological bag interception ditch (203) excavated in the bottom area (103), an open-air flexible water storage tank (204) excavated in the bottom area (103), and an underground PP module water storage tank (205) excavated in the bottom area (103).

2. The open-pit mine spoil heap drainage and underground water storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sedimentation tank (201) includes a first foundation pit (2011) excavated in the top area (101) and the bottom area (103) of the slope. A first composite protective fabric layer (2012) is laid on the inner bottom wall and the inner side wall of the first foundation pit (2011). The first composite protective fabric layer (2012) is divided into a geotextile layer and an impermeable fabric layer. The geotextile layer and the impermeable fabric layer are bonded and fixed together using KS hot melt adhesive, and the edge of the impermeable fabric layer extends out of the first foundation pit (2011) and is fixed to the outside of the first foundation pit (2011) by anchoring.

3. The open-pit mine spoil heap drainage and underground water storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A lead wire gabion mesh layer (2013) is built on the outer layer of the first composite protective fabric layer (2012). The lead wire gabion mesh layer (2013) is made of hot-dip aluminum zinc irregular cross section low carbon lead wire, and crushed stone is filled inside the lead wire gabion mesh layer (2013). A gabion retaining wall (2014) and a permeable brick shaft (2015) were constructed on the inner bottom wall of the first pit (2011). Ecological bags (3) were stacked in an alternating manner on the inner side wall of the first pit (2011).

4. The open-pit mine spoil heap drainage and underground water storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A natural gully group (4) is formed in the slope area (102). The HDPE drainage pipe (202) is a steel-reinforced HDPE corrugated pipe structure. The HDPE drainage pipe (202) is buried at a vertical depth of 55cm in the slope area (102) and is buried in a straight line from the sedimentation tank (201) located in the slope top area (101) to the sedimentation tank (201) located in the slope foot area (103).

5. A drainage and underground water storage system for an open-pit mine spoil heap according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The ecological bag intercepting ditch (203) includes a second foundation pit (2031) excavated in the slope toe area (103). A second composite protective fabric layer (2032) is laid on the inner bottom wall and inner side wall of the second foundation pit (2031). The second composite protective fabric layer (2032) is composed of a geotextile layer and an impermeable fabric layer. The geotextile layer and the impermeable fabric layer are bonded and fixed together by KS hot melt adhesive. The edge of the impermeable fabric layer extends out of the second foundation pit (2031) and is fixed to the outside of the second foundation pit (2031) by anchoring. Ecological bags (3) are stacked in staggered positions on the outer layer of the second composite protective fabric layer (2032).

6. The open-pit mine spoil heap drainage and underground water storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The open-air flexible water storage tank (204) includes a third foundation pit (2041) excavated in the slope toe area (103). The inner side of the third foundation pit (2041) is an inverted truncated pyramid structure. A third composite protective fabric layer (2042) is laid on the inner bottom wall and inner side wall of the third foundation pit (2041). The third composite protective fabric layer (2042) is composed of a geotextile layer and a seepage-proof fabric layer. The geotextile layer and the seepage-proof fabric layer are bonded and fixed with KS hot melt adhesive. The edge of the seepage-proof fabric layer extends out of the third foundation pit (2041) and is fixed to the outside of the third foundation pit (2041) by anchoring.

7. The open-pit mine spoil heap drainage and underground water storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A water inlet port (2043) is provided on one side of the third foundation pit (2041). The water inlet port (2043) is connected to the sedimentation tank (201) located in the slope foot area (103) through the ecological bag intercepting ditch (203). An iron fence (5) is installed on the outside of the third foundation pit (2041).

8. The open-pit mine spoil heap drainage and underground water storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The underground PP module water storage tank (205) includes a fourth foundation pit (2051) excavated in the slope toe area (103) and located on the other side of the third foundation pit (2041). A reinforced concrete base slab (2052) is laid on the inner bottom wall of the fourth foundation pit (2051). PP modules (2053) are assembled on the top of the reinforced concrete base slab (2052). The soil of the fourth foundation pit (2051) is backfilled to form a backfill soil layer (2054). A grass layer (6) is planted on the top of the backfill soil layer (2054). Iron fences (5) are installed on the outside of the backfill layer (2054), and a concrete base layer (7) for building an electrical control cabinet is constructed on top of the backfill layer (2054).

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