A sampling device for detecting sepsis

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of blood collection and testing technology, specifically to a sampling device for sepsis detection. The device includes a main blood collection tube and a shunt box. The shunt box contains a flow path assembly, which includes a first branch tube, a second branch tube, and a third branch tube, each connected to the main blood collection tube. The third branch tube is connected to a clinical testing component. The shunt box also contains a pumping assembly, which includes a drive assembly and several rotating rollers, all rotatably connected to the drive assembly. The shunt box also contains a first base and a second base. The second base contains clamping assemblies corresponding to the first, second, and third branch tubes, and each clamping assembly contains a sensing component. This invention is used to automatically, accurately, and sequentially complete the entire process of collecting multiple blood culture samples and rapidly detecting trace amounts of blood after a single venipuncture, solving the technical problems of high contamination risk, inaccurate blood volume, cumbersome procedures, and disconnect from rapid diagnosis inherent in traditional manual operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blood collection and testing technology, specifically to a sampling device for detecting sepsis. Background Technology

[0002] Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome triggered by infection. It is a dangerous and rapidly progressing disease with a high mortality rate. Early and accurate identification of the pathogen is crucial for implementing targeted anti-infective therapy and improving patient prognosis. Currently, the "gold standard" for clinical diagnosis relies on blood culture and subsequent pathogen identification and drug sensitivity testing. Meanwhile, rapid detection based on biomarkers such as procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) also provides important references for early infection identification and assessment of inflammation severity. Whether performing traditional microbial culture or rapid biomarker testing, standardized and high-quality blood sample acquisition is the starting point and foundation for all subsequent testing procedures.

[0003] Currently, the collection of sepsis-related blood samples in clinical practice relies primarily on manual procedures. The "Expert Consensus on the Clinical Practice of Blood Culture Techniques for the Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infections" outlines standard procedures that typically require: blood collection during the initial stages of high fever, chills, or the rise in body temperature; strict adherence to aseptic techniques; 2-3 collections at different sites; and sufficient blood volume per collection, with peripheral vein puncture being the preferred method. To improve pathogen detection rates, the "bilateral double-bottle" principle is particularly emphasized clinically, involving the collection of blood from both limbs and the injection of blood into separate aerobic and anaerobic culture bottles. However, this manual approach, heavily reliant on the individual skills and experience of healthcare professionals, has significant drawbacks: First, rapid biomarker detection requires additional sample collection, increasing patient discomfort from repeated punctures and prolonging sample transfer and testing cycles. Second, in critical situations such as septic shock, time is of the essence, and the stressful environment makes the cumbersome multi-step procedure not only time-consuming but also prone to contamination risks or errors due to haste, impacting sample quality and diagnostic timeliness. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a sampling device for sepsis detection, which automatically, accurately, and sequentially completes the entire process of collecting multiple blood culture samples and rapidly detecting trace amounts of blood after a single venipuncture. This solves the technical problems of high risk of contamination, inaccurate blood collection, cumbersome procedures, and disconnect from rapid diagnosis inherent in traditional manual operations.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A sampling device for sepsis detection includes a main blood collection tube, an aerobic blood culture bottle, and an anaerobic blood culture bottle, and also includes a shunt box. A flow path assembly is provided within the shunt box. The flow path assembly includes a first branch pipe, a second branch pipe, and a third branch pipe, which are respectively connected to the main blood collection tube. The first and second branch pipes are respectively connected to the aerobic blood culture bottle and the anaerobic blood culture bottle. The third branch pipe is connected to a temporary testing component for blood testing. A pumping assembly is also provided within the shunt box. The pumping assembly includes a drive assembly and several rotating rollers. The drive assembly is signal-connected to a control system. The rotating rollers are rotatably connected to the drive assembly. The sections of the main blood collection tube, the first branch pipe, the second branch pipe, and the third branch pipe located within the shunt box are all positioned on the movement trajectory of the rotating rollers.

[0006] The shunt box also includes a first base and a second base. The main blood collection tube is placed in the first base, and the first branch tube, the second branch tube, and the third branch tube are all placed in the second base. The second base is equipped with clamping components corresponding to the first branch tube, the second branch tube, and the third branch tube. Each clamping component is equipped with a sensing component for sensing the blood flow during blood collection. Both the clamping components and the sensing components are connected to the control system signal.

[0007] The technical principles of the above solution are as follows:

[0008] The main blood collection tube introduces the patient's venous blood into the shunt box. The flow path assembly within the box divides the main tube into three independent channels: a first branch, a second branch, and a third branch, leading to aerobic blood culture bottles, anaerobic blood culture bottles, and clinical testing components, respectively. This forms a sterile, closed flow path. A drive assembly drives several rotating rollers to rotate synchronously. The main blood collection tube, the first branch, the second branch, and the third branch are located in their corresponding first and second seats within the shunt box, positioned along the compression trajectory of the rotating rollers. The continuous rotation of the rollers creates a peristaltic, periodic compression pumping effect on the first, second, and third branches, generating negative pressure and providing stable power for the directional flow of blood to each branch. Each branch corresponds to an independent set of clamping and sensing components, all connected to the control system. The sensing components monitor the blood flow rate through their corresponding branch in real time. The control system, based on a preset blood collection volume program, precisely controls the opening and closing of the corresponding branch by sending commands to specific clamping components. When the flow rate of a branch pipe reaches the preset value, the control system instructs its clamping component to close the pipe and simultaneously open the next target branch pipe, thereby automatically and sequentially completing the full blood collection from the aerobic and anaerobic bottles, as well as the micro blood collection from the clinical testing components.

[0009] The above approach has the following beneficial effects:

[0010] 1. This solution integrates flow path components and pump components into a shunt box, constructing a fully enclosed blood collection path. From the main blood collection tube to the first, second, and third branch tubes, the blood is always transported within a closed pipeline, completely eliminating the possibility of sample exposure to air or contact with the operator during traditional manual dispensing. This greatly reduces the risk of blood sample contamination by the environment or infection of medical personnel, improving the safety of the sampling process and the reliability of sample results.

[0011] 2. In this solution, the sensing component provides real-time flow feedback. Based on this feedback, the control system controls the clamping component to close the current branch tube and open the next branch tube when the preset capacity is reached. This ensures that the amount of blood injected into each culture bottle is accurate and automatically switches, meeting the optimal testing capacity requirements for blood culture. It avoids false negatives due to insufficient blood collection or waste of blood due to excessive collection, thus improving the standardization of diagnosis.

[0012] 3. This solution utilizes a single pumping component for driving, combined with a control system to manage the sequential on / off of multiple tubes, achieving highly efficient integrated sequential sampling. After a single puncture connection, the device can automatically and continuously collect multiple samples, significantly reducing the operational steps and time required by medical staff. This not only improves work efficiency in emergency or batch sampling scenarios but also reduces the possibility of human error due to operational complexity.

[0013] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a servo motor fixedly connected to the inner wall of the distributor box. The output shaft of the servo motor is coaxially fixedly connected to a transmission rod. The other end of the transmission rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the distributor box. Symmetrically arranged base plates are coaxially fixedly connected to the transmission rod. Both ends of the rotating roller are rotatably connected to the base plates respectively.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The servo motor can receive commands from the control system to start, stop, and adjust the speed; the rigid connection between the transmission rod and the symmetrical base plate ensures the synchronous and smooth rotation of all rollers, thereby generating a uniform and continuous peristaltic pumping effect for the entire pipeline system.

[0015] Furthermore, a U-shaped through groove is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shunt box. The through groove is located between the first and second seats, and the main blood collection tube passes through the through groove and extends to one side of the second seat.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The through groove provides a dedicated channel and physical constraint for specific sections of the main collection tube within the diversion box, effectively preventing accidental displacement, twisting, or detachment of the main collection tube during pumping. This ensures that the tube section within the diversion box remains stably within the effective squeezing area of ​​the roller, thereby guaranteeing the stability and repeatability of pumping efficiency and avoiding flow errors caused by changes in the tube position.

[0017] Furthermore, each clamping component includes a clamping claw, and each clamping claw is equipped with an electromagnet and a magnetic block. The electromagnets are all connected to the control system signals.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The clamping claw design, which combines electromagnets and magnetic blocks, enables rapid electronic control of the opening and closing of various branch pipelines. When the control system sends a command to a specific electromagnet, it controls the electromagnet to generate magnetic force that repels the magnetic block when energized and attracts it when de-energized, thus quickly driving the clamping claw to perform the action of clamping and closing the pipeline or releasing and opening the pipeline.

[0019] Furthermore, the sensing component includes external clamp-on flow meters, all of which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the clamping claw.

[0020] Beneficial effects: Integrating the clamp-on flow meter into the inside of the clamping claw achieves integrated flow sensing and tubing clamping functions while optimizing space. Furthermore, the clamp-on design is a non-contact measurement method, not directly contacting blood and completely preserving the sterility and sealing of the flow path. The clamp-on flow meter can monitor the cumulative blood flow through its corresponding branch in real time and feed the data back to the control system. This allows the control system to determine whether the preset blood collection volume has been reached and when to switch the tubing to collect blood from other branches.

[0021] Furthermore, the output end of the third branch is connected to a puncture needle, which is connected to a disposable test card. The test card is detachably connected to the outer wall of the shunt box.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The puncture needle punctures the blood sample inlet septum of the test card, forming a sealed connection. The detachable connection facilitates the disposal of the test card after use and the installation of a new card. After completing the main blood culture sampling, a precisely quantified trace amount of blood is automatically introduced into the rapid test card for immediate detection of biomarkers such as procalcitonin and C-reactive protein. This allows healthcare professionals to quickly obtain preliminary evidence of infection before waiting for lengthy blood culture results, providing crucial decision-making information for the rational initiation or postponement of antibiotic treatment for sepsis, contributing to improved patient prognosis and promoting the rational use of antimicrobial drugs.

[0023] Furthermore, an elastic buffer membrane is provided at the connection between the main blood collection tube and the first, second, and third branch tubes.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The elastic buffer membrane effectively absorbs and buffers the periodic pulsating pressure generated by the roller pump, making the blood flow to each branch more stable and reducing turbulence and pressure surges. This helps protect the integrity of cellular components in the blood, reduces the risk of hemolysis, and also helps each flow meter obtain a more stable flow signal, further improving the overall sampling quality and measurement accuracy.

[0025] Furthermore, both the first and second bases are equipped with several guide grooves, into which the main blood collection tube, the first branch tube, the second branch tube, and the third branch tube are respectively embedded.

[0026] Beneficial effects: After each pipe is embedded in the corresponding guide groove, its segment position in the flow distribution box is precisely fixed, ensuring that its squeezing position with the roller, its clamping point with the gripper, and its sensing position with the flow meter are always consistent.

[0027] Furthermore, the outer wall of the roller is fitted with a wear-resistant rubber sleeve, and the surface of the wear-resistant rubber sleeve is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0028] Beneficial effects: The wear-resistant rubber sleeve provides excellent elasticity and friction, ensuring that the rollers can effectively form a sealed moving pressure zone when extruding the tubing, thereby efficiently propelling blood and preventing slippage that could lead to decreased pumping efficiency or unstable flow. The anti-slip texture further enhances the stability of friction, making pumping operations more reliable, especially maintaining consistent performance under different temperature or humidity conditions.

[0029] Furthermore, the control system includes a data acquisition module, a comparison module, a control module, and an alarm module;

[0030] The data acquisition module is used to receive the cumulative blood collection data transmitted by the clamp-on flow meter and transmit it to the comparison module and the control module respectively; it is also used to acquire the number of rotations and speed data of the servo motor and transmit them to the comparison module.

[0031] The comparison module is used to receive and combine the number of rotations and rotation speed data, using the formula: theoretical blood collection volume = number of rotations × roller circumference × branch pipe cross-sectional area; where the roller circumference and branch pipe cross-sectional area are pre-input fixed values; it is also used to receive the cumulative blood collection volume, obtain the blood volume difference by comparing the theoretical blood collection volume with the cumulative blood collection volume, and transmit the blood volume difference to the alarm module;

[0032] The control module is used to receive the cumulative blood collection volume. When the cumulative blood collection volume of the first, second, and third branches reaches the blood collection threshold, it controls the electromagnet to be energized or de-energized to control the opening and closing of the first, second, and third branches. The blood collection threshold for the first and second branches is in the range of 8-10 ml, and the blood collection threshold for the third branch is 200 μl. It is also used to control the start and stop of the servo motor.

[0033] The alarm module is used to receive blood volume difference values. When the blood volume difference exceeds ±5%, the alarm module generates an alarm signal and transmits it to the control module. The control module controls the servo motor to stop running and controls the electromagnet to be fully energized so that the gripper clamps clamp and close the first, second, and third branches of the tubing. It is also used to issue an alarm to prompt medical staff to troubleshoot the fault.

[0034] Beneficial Effects: The acquisition module simultaneously captures flow rate and motor operation data, while the comparison module compares theoretical and actual values, making blood volume monitoring more accurate. Combined with the control module, which sets differentiated thresholds for different branches, it can precisely match the different volume requirements of aerobic / anaerobic culture and test cards, avoiding insufficient sample volume affecting testing or excessive volume causing blood waste. Compared to traditional manual measurement, this significantly improves blood collection accuracy. The alarm module can respond in real time to blood volume differences exceeding ±5%, quickly shutting down the servo motor and closing all branch lines via the control module. This not only prevents blood loss or sample contamination in abnormal situations but also promptly alerts medical staff to troubleshoot the problem, reducing sampling failure rates and patient discomfort from repeated blood collection, thus improving the safety and reliability of clinical sampling. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is an isometric schematic diagram of an embodiment of the sampling device for sepsis detection of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is an isometric schematic diagram of the flow path assembly of an embodiment of the sampling device for sepsis detection of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is an axonometric sectional view of the shunt box located on one side of the main blood collection tube in an embodiment of the sampling device for sepsis detection of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is an isometric sectional view of the shunt box located on one side of the branch tube in an embodiment of the sampling device for sepsis detection of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a front cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the sampling device for sepsis detection of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is an isometric view of the pumping assembly of an embodiment of the sampling device for sepsis detection of the present invention.

[0041] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: 1. shunt box; 2. main blood collection tube; 3. first branch tube; 4. second branch tube; 5. third branch tube; 6. puncture needle; 7. detection card; 8. first base; 9. base plate; 10. transmission rod; 11. servo motor; 12. rotating roller; 13. guide groove; 14. second base; 15. through groove; 16. clamping claw. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0044] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0045] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0046] Example:

[0047] In the diagnosis of critical infections such as sepsis, blood culture is the gold standard for etiological diagnosis. It typically requires the simultaneous collection of both aerobic and anaerobic blood culture samples, and may also necessitate the collection of a small additional blood sample for rapid biomarker testing (such as PCT and CRP). Traditionally, healthcare professionals manually aliquot blood from the patient's vein using a syringe into different culture bottles and testing devices. This process has significant drawbacks: firstly, the multiple opening procedures are cumbersome and time-consuming, potentially delaying diagnosis in emergencies; secondly, blood residue and transfer losses during aliquoting can lead to inaccurate blood volumes in the final culture bottles, affecting the sensitivity of the culture results.

[0048] Therefore, based on the problems existing in the above-mentioned clinical procedures, the inventors proposed the following: Figure 1 The sampling device for detecting sepsis shown includes a main blood collection tube 2, an aerobic blood culture bottle and an anaerobic blood culture bottle, and a shunt box 1. The shunt box 1 is equipped with a flow path assembly, such as... Figure 2As shown, the flow path assembly includes a first branch tube 3, a second branch tube 4, and a third branch tube 5, which are respectively connected to the main blood collection tube 2. An elastic buffer membrane is integrally formed at the connection between the main blood collection tube 2 and the first branch tube 3, the second branch tube 4, and the third branch tube 5. The elastic buffer membrane is made of polyoxymethylene resin. The elastic buffer membrane can buffer the pressure impact generated by the first branch tube 3, the second branch tube 4, and the third branch tube 5 during pumping, and prevent blood residue at the connection.

[0049] The first branch tube 3 and the second branch tube 4 are connected to the aerobic blood culture bottle and the anaerobic blood culture bottle, respectively. The third branch tube 5 is connected to a temporary blood testing component. The shunt box 1 is also equipped with a pumping component, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the pumping assembly includes a drive assembly and several rotating rollers 12. The drive assembly is signal-connected to a control system. All rotating rollers 12 are rotatably connected to the drive assembly. The drive assembly includes a servo motor 11 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the diversion box 1. The output shaft of the servo motor 11 is coaxially fixedly connected to a transmission rod 10. The other end of the transmission rod 10 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the diversion box 1. Symmetrically arranged base plates 9 are coaxially fixedly connected to the transmission rod 10. Both ends of the rotating rollers 12 are rotatably connected to the corresponding base plates 9. The main collection tube 2, the first branch tube 3, the second branch tube 4, and the third branch tube 5 located in the diversion box 1 are all arranged on the movement trajectory of the rotating rollers 12. The outer wall of the rotating rollers 12 is covered with a wear-resistant rubber sleeve, and the surface of the wear-resistant rubber sleeve is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0050] The shunt box 1 is also equipped with a first base 8 and a second base 14 arranged symmetrically, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the main blood collection tube 2 is placed in the first base 8, and the first branch tube 3, the second branch tube 4, and the third branch tube 5 are all placed in the second base 14. Both the first base 8 and the second base 14 are provided with several guide grooves 13, and the main blood collection tube 2, the first branch tube 3, the second branch tube 4, and the third branch tube 5 are respectively embedded in the corresponding guide grooves 13. A U-shaped through groove 15 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shunt box 1, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the through groove 15 is located between the first base 8 and the second base 14, and the main blood collection tube 2 passes through the through groove 15 and extends to one side of the second base 14.

[0051] The second base 14 is equipped with several clamping components corresponding to the first branch pipe 3, the second branch pipe 4, and the third branch pipe 5, respectively. Each clamping component includes a clamping claw 16, and each clamping claw 16 contains an electromagnet and a magnetic block, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the electromagnet and the iron block are located at both ends of the circular clamping claw 16. The clamping claw 16 is equipped with a sensing component for sensing the blood flow during blood collection. The sensing component includes an external clamping flow meter, which is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the corresponding clamping claw 16. The electromagnet and the external clamping flow meter are both connected to the control system signal.

[0052] The output end of the third branch tube 5 is connected to a puncture needle 6, and the puncture needle 6 is connected to a disposable test card 7. The test card 7 is detachably connected to the outer wall of the shunt box 1.

[0053] The control system includes a data acquisition module, a comparison module, a control module, and an alarm module;

[0054] The data acquisition module is used to receive the cumulative blood collection data transmitted by the clamp-on flow meter and transmit it to the comparison module and the control module respectively; it is also used to acquire the rotation number and speed data of the servo motor 11 and transmit them to the comparison module.

[0055] The comparison module is used to receive and combine the number of rotations and rotation speed data, using the formula: theoretical blood collection volume = number of rotations × roller circumference × branch pipe cross-sectional area; where the roller circumference and branch pipe cross-sectional area are pre-input fixed values; it is also used to receive the cumulative blood collection volume, obtain the blood volume difference by comparing the theoretical blood collection volume with the cumulative blood collection volume, and transmit the blood volume difference to the alarm module;

[0056] The control module is used to receive the cumulative blood collection volume. When the cumulative blood collection volume of the first branch tube 3, the second branch tube 4, and the third branch tube 5 reaches the blood collection threshold, it controls the electromagnet to be energized or de-energized to control the opening and closing of the tubes of the first branch tube 3, the second branch tube 4, and the third branch tube 5. The blood collection threshold of the first branch tube 3 and the second branch tube 4 is in the range of 8-10 ml, and the blood collection threshold of the third branch tube 5 is 200 μl. It is also used to control the start and stop of the servo motor 11.

[0057] The alarm module is used to receive blood volume difference values. When the blood volume difference exceeds ±5%, the alarm module generates an alarm signal and transmits it to the control module. The control module controls the servo motor 11 to stop running and controls the electromagnet to be fully energized so that the clamping claws 16 clamp and close the first branch tube 3, the second branch tube 4 and the third branch tube 5. It is also used to issue an alarm to prompt medical staff to troubleshoot the fault.

[0058] The following describes the implementation process of this solution in detail using a typical clinical blood collection scenario. When a patient suspected of having sepsis needs to have a blood sample collected for pathogen culture and rapid procalcitonin testing, medical staff pre-place the main blood collection tube 2, first branch tube 3, second branch tube 4, and third branch tube 5 into the corresponding guide slots 13 within the shunt box 1, and seal the input and output ends of each tube to ensure rapid blood collection and uncontaminated tubing. During blood collection, the control module controls the clamping claw 16 located at the corresponding position of the first branch tube 3 to release, ensuring the first branch tube 3 is unobstructed. Simultaneously, the control module instructs the electromagnets corresponding to the second branch tube 4 and third branch tube 5 to be energized, generating a magnetic force repelling the magnet, driving the clamping claw 16 to clamp and close the second branch tube 4 and third branch tube 5, preventing blood flow.

[0059] During blood collection, the input end of the main blood collection tube 2 is first inserted into the patient's vein. Then, the control module activates the servo motor 11. The servo motor 11 drives the transmission rod 10 and its symmetrically arranged base plate 9 to rotate synchronously, causing several rotating rollers 12 fixed on the base plate 9 to rotate accordingly. Since the main blood collection tube 2 and the three branch tubes located within the shunt box 1 are pre-positioned in the guide grooves 13 of the first base 8 and the second base 14, and are positioned on the movement trajectory of the rotating rollers 12, the wear-resistant rubber sleeve and anti-slip texture on the outer wall of the rotating rollers 12 effectively compress the tube wall. At this time, only the first branch tube 3 is in a flowable state. The continuous rotation of the rotating rollers 12 produces a peristaltic pumping effect on the main blood collection tube 2 and the unobstructed first branch tube 3, smoothly drawing in the patient's venous blood and directionally delivering it to the aerobic blood culture bottle.

[0060] During this process, an external clamp-on flowmeter installed on the clamping claw 16 of the first branch pipe 3 monitors the blood flow in real time and continuously transmits the cumulative blood collection data to the acquisition module of the control system. The control module compares the cumulative blood collection volume with the preset blood collection threshold in real time. When the cumulative blood collection volume reaches the threshold, the control module immediately issues a command: First, it energizes the electromagnet corresponding to the first branch pipe 3, and its clamping claw 16 quickly clamps the first branch pipe 3, stopping the blood supply to the aerobic blood culture bottle; at the same time, it de-energizes the electromagnet corresponding to the second branch pipe 4, and its clamping claw 16 releases, making the pipeline from the second branch pipe 4 to the anaerobic blood culture bottle unobstructed. At this time, although the servo motor 11 and the rotating roller 12 are still rotating continuously and the pumping action is still present, because the first branch pipe 3 and the third branch pipe 5 have been clamped, the blood can only flow to the newly opened second branch pipe 4, thus automatically and seamlessly switching to deliver blood to the anaerobic blood culture bottle, ensuring the sequence and uniqueness of the blood distribution path, and avoiding mixed flow or mis-injection.

[0061] The flow rate is independently monitored by the clamp-on flow meter on the second branch pipe 4. When the cumulative blood collection volume reaches its preset threshold, the control module controls the clamping claw 16 to close, stopping blood collection. Simultaneously, the comparison module performs crucial dual flow verification: the acquisition module not only collects flow meter data but also continuously records the number of rotations and rotation speed of the servo motor 11. The comparison module, based on pre-input fixed parameters such as the roller circumference and branch pipe cross-sectional area, calculates the theoretical blood collection volume to be pumped in real time using the formula: Theoretical Blood Collection Volume = Number of Rotations × Roller Circumference × Branch Pipe Cross-sectional Area. Then, the comparison module compares the theoretical blood collection volume with the cumulative blood collection volume reported by the clamp-on flow meter to calculate the difference in blood collection volume. For example, if the blood volume difference received by the alarm module exceeds the allowable range of ±5% during the blood collection process into the anaerobic blood culture bottle, it indicates that there may be leakage in the pipeline, abnormal pumping efficiency, or flow meter failure. The alarm module will immediately generate an alarm signal, and the control module will forcibly stop the operation of the servo motor 11. The control module will instruct all the electromagnets of all branches to be energized, so that all the clamping claws 16 will clamp all branches in an emergency, and immediately stop the blood collection. In addition, the alarm module will also issue an alarm in the form of sound and light to prompt medical staff to intervene and investigate. This realizes the real-time perception and automatic protection of abnormalities in the sampling process, and prevents false negative culture results or blood waste caused by inaccurate blood collection volume.

[0062] After sufficient blood culture is collected from two blood culture bottles, the control module de-energizes the electromagnet corresponding to the third branch tube 5, releasing its clamping claw 16 while keeping the first branch tube 3 and the second branch tube 4 in a clamped state, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 5 As shown, the third branch tube 5 is continuously squeezed downwards by the rotating roller 12, achieving the effect of pumping blood. At this time, a trace amount of blood of about 200μL is pumped into the disposable test card 7 connected to it through the third branch tube 5. The blood collection volume is monitored by the flow meter on the third branch tube 5. After reaching 200μL, the clamping claw 16 closes, the servo motor 11 stops, and the test card 7 can perform rapid analysis immediately. Meanwhile, the aerobic blood culture bottle and the anaerobic blood culture bottle are sent to the incubator for blood culture. This allows medical staff to quickly obtain preliminary evidence of infection before waiting for the blood culture results, which usually take 24-72 hours. This provides a key decision-making basis for the early and rational use or postponement of antibiotic treatment for sepsis in clinical practice, which helps to improve patient prognosis and promote the rational use of antimicrobial drugs.

[0063] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A sampling device for sepsis detection comprising a primary blood collection tube (2), an aerobic blood culture bottle and an anaerobic blood culture bottle, characterized in that, It also includes a shunt box (1), which is equipped with a flow path assembly. The flow path assembly includes a first branch pipe (3), a second branch pipe (4), and a third branch pipe (5) that are respectively connected to the main blood collection tube (2). The first branch pipe (3) and the second branch pipe (4) are respectively connected to an aerobic blood culture bottle and an anaerobic blood culture bottle. The third branch pipe (5) is connected to a temporary blood testing component. The shunt box (1) is also equipped with a pumping assembly, which includes a drive assembly and several rotating rollers (12). The drive assembly is connected to a control system. The rotating rollers (12) are all rotatably connected to the drive assembly. The main blood collection tube (2), the first branch pipe (3), the second branch pipe (4), and the third branch pipe (5) are all located on the movement trajectory of the rotating rollers (12). The shunt box (1) is also equipped with a first base (8) and a second base (14). The main blood collection tube (2) is placed in the first base (8). The first branch tube (3), the second branch tube (4) and the third branch tube (5) are all placed in the second base (14). The second base (14) is equipped with clamping components corresponding to the first branch tube (3), the second branch tube (4) and the third branch tube (5). Each clamping component is equipped with a sensing component for sensing the blood flow during blood collection. Both the clamping components and the sensing components are connected to the control system signal.

2. The sampling device for sepsis detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a servo motor (11) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the splitter box (1). The output shaft of the servo motor (11) is coaxially fixedly connected to a transmission rod (10). The other end of the transmission rod (10) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the splitter box (1). A symmetrically arranged base plate (9) is coaxially fixedly connected to the transmission rod (10). Both ends of the rotating roller (12) are rotatably connected to the base plate (9).

3. The sampling device for sepsis detection according to claim 2, characterized in that, A U-shaped through groove (15) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shunt box (1). The through groove (15) is located between the first base (8) and the second base (14). The main blood collection tube (2) passes through the through groove (15) and extends to one side of the second base (14).

4. The sampling device for sepsis detection according to claim 3, characterized in that, All clamping components include clamping claws (16), and each clamping claw (16) is equipped with an electromagnet and a magnetic block. The electromagnets are all connected to the control system signal.

5. The sampling device for sepsis detection according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sensing components include external clamp flow meters, which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the clamping claw (16).

6. The sampling device for sepsis detection according to claim 5, characterized in that, The output end of the third branch tube (5) is connected to a puncture needle (6), and the puncture needle (6) is connected to a disposable test card (7). The test card (7) is detachably connected to the outer wall of the shunt box (1).

7. The sampling device for sepsis detection according to claim 6, characterized in that, An elastic buffer membrane is provided at the connection between the main blood collection tube (2) and the first branch tube (3), the second branch tube (4) and the third branch tube (5).

8. The sampling device for sepsis detection according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first base (8) and the second base (14) are each provided with several guide grooves (13), and the main blood collection tube (2), the first branch tube (3), the second branch tube (4) and the third branch tube (5) are respectively embedded in the guide grooves (13).

9. The sampling device for sepsis detection according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer wall of the roller (12) is fitted with a wear-resistant rubber sleeve, and the surface of the wear-resistant rubber sleeve is provided with anti-slip texture.

10. The sampling device for sepsis detection according to claim 9, characterized in that, The control system includes a data acquisition module, a comparison module, a control module, and an alarm module; The acquisition module is used to receive the cumulative blood collection data transmitted by the clamp-on flow meter and transmit it to the comparison module and the control module respectively; it is also used to acquire the number of rotations and speed data of the servo motor (11) and transmit them to the comparison module. The comparison module is used to receive and combine the number of rotations and rotation speed data, using the formula: Theoretical blood collection volume = Number of rotations × Circumference of the roller × Cross-sectional area of ​​the branch pipe; The circumference of the rotating roller and the cross-sectional area of ​​the branch pipe are pre-input fixed values; it is also used to receive the cumulative blood collection volume, obtain the blood volume difference by comparing the theoretical blood collection volume with the cumulative blood collection volume, and transmit the blood volume difference to the alarm module; The control module is used to receive the cumulative blood collection volume. When the cumulative blood collection volume of the first branch tube (3), the second branch tube (4), and the third branch tube (5) reaches the blood collection threshold, it controls the electromagnet to be energized or de-energized to control the opening and closing of the pipelines of the first branch tube (3), the second branch tube (4), and the third branch tube (5). The blood collection threshold of the first branch tube (3) and the second branch tube (4) is in the range of 8-10 ml, and the blood collection threshold of the third branch tube (5) is 200 μl. It is also used to control the start and stop of the servo motor (11). The alarm module is used to receive blood volume difference. When the blood volume difference exceeds ±5%, the alarm module generates an alarm signal and transmits it to the control module. The control module controls the servo motor (11) to stop running and controls the electromagnet to be fully energized so that the clamping claw (16) clamps and closes the first branch (3), the second branch (4) and the third branch (5). It is also used to issue an alarm to prompt medical staff to troubleshoot the fault.

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