A fully mechanized coal mining face roof retreat safety monitoring system and method
By monitoring the working resistance and inclination angle of the unit supports in the retreat channel of the fully mechanized mining face and calculating the health index, the problem of difficulty in monitoring roof pressure changes during equipment retreat was solved, and safety monitoring of the retreat channel was realized, thus improving mine safety.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHENGZHOU HENGDA INTELLIGENT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
During the equipment retreat process in a fully mechanized mining face, existing technologies cannot monitor changes in roof pressure in real time, resulting in high risks during equipment retreat, an inability to provide scientific and effective safety guidance, and potential mine safety threats.
By acquiring the working resistance and inclination angle of the unit support in the retreat channel of the fully mechanized mining face, a health index is calculated. The pressure and inclination angle feature sub-scores and weighting coefficients are used for weighted fusion. Combined with risk level and alarm signals, the safety monitoring of the retreat channel is realized.
It enables accurate evaluation of the safety performance of the retreat channel, improves the safety of mine equipment during the retreat phase, reduces risks, and provides scientific safety guidance.
Smart Images
Figure CN122174143A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine safety production equipment technology, and in particular to a safety monitoring system and method for roof retraction in fully mechanized mining faces. Background Technology
[0002] A fully mechanized longwall mining face, also known as a coal mining face, refers to a longwall face where major equipment such as coal mining machines, flexible scraper conveyors, and self-propelled hydraulic supports are combined and matched to mechanize the entire production process, including coal breaking, coal loading, support, and roof management. After the longwall mining is completed, the equipment needs to be removed. During this removal process, the original mechanical balance system of "support-surrounding rock" in the mine is disrupted, especially during the removal of the last batch of hydraulic supports. This creates an unsupported or significantly weakened "empty roof zone" in front of the coal face. The roof strata above this zone lose support, and the load transfers to the remaining supports and coal face, causing a rapid redistribution of stress. This phenomenon is known as the significant superposition and transfer of "support pressure."
[0003] During the retraction of hydraulic supports in the longwall mining face, the pressure monitoring function of the hydraulic supports is no longer usable, forcing the interruption of roof pressure data collection. Furthermore, the existing stacked supports and shield supports in the retraction channels lack roof pressure monitoring capabilities, making it extremely difficult to monitor roof pressure changes and subsidence during equipment retraction. Real-time monitoring of roof pressure changes is impossible, hindering accurate assessment of the roof condition and failing to provide scientific and effective guidance and decision-making basis for safe equipment retraction. Therefore, the existing equipment retraction method not only presents high risks but also poses a potential threat to the overall safe production of the mine. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides a safety monitoring system and method for the roof of a fully mechanized mining face during the equipment retreat phase, which is used to monitor the safety of the retreat passage during the equipment retreat phase of the fully mechanized mining face, so as to improve the safety of the mine.
[0005] Specifically, the present invention provides a method for safety monitoring of the roof during the retreat of a fully mechanized mining face, comprising: The working resistance and inclination angle of each unit support in the retreat channel of the fully mechanized mining face are obtained, and the average resistance value and resistance variance value of the unit support, as well as the resistance change rate of each unit support, are calculated based on the multiple working resistances. The rate of change of tilt angle of each unit support and the absolute value of tilt angle of multiple supports are calculated based on the tilt angle of the supports. The pressure characteristic sub-score of the retreat channel is calculated based on the average resistance value and the resistance variance value, and the top plate inclination characteristic sub-score of the retreat channel is calculated based on the inclination rate of change and the absolute value of the inclination angle. The pressure weighting coefficient and the tilt angle weighting coefficient of the pullback channel are determined based on the resistance change rate and the tilt angle change rate. The pressure weighting coefficient and the tilt angle weighting coefficient are then used to perform a weighted fusion of the roof pressure feature sub-score and the roof tilt angle feature sub-score to obtain the health index of the pullback channel.
[0006] Further, after the step of weighting and fusing the roof pressure feature sub-score and the roof tilt feature sub-score using the pressure weighting coefficient and the tilt angle weighting coefficient to obtain the health index of the pullback channel, the method further includes: Obtain the preset index range in which the health index falls, and based on the preset index range and the rate of change of resistance and the rate of change of tilt angle for each unit stent, obtain the risk level of each unit stent; and The risk diagnosis result of the corresponding unit stent is determined according to each risk level, and an alarm signal corresponding to the risk diagnosis result is issued.
[0007] Furthermore, after the step of obtaining the risk level of each unit stent based on the preset index range and the resistance change rate and tilt angle change rate of each unit stent, the method further includes: determining the risk cause of each unit stent based on the risk level, and obtaining risk management recommendations that match the risk cause.
[0008] In another aspect, the present invention provides a safety monitoring system for the roof retraction of a fully mechanized mining face, comprising: Multiple field acquisition devices are provided, each of which is mounted on its corresponding unit support and includes a pressure sensor and an angle sensor. The pressure sensor is used to acquire the working resistance of its corresponding unit support, and the angle sensor is used to acquire the support tilt angle of its corresponding unit support. A monitoring platform, which is communicatively connected to each of the field acquisition devices, is used to acquire the working resistance and inclination angle of each unit support from the multiple field acquisition devices, and to perform any of the above-described safety monitoring methods based on the working resistance and the inclination angle of the support to perform safety monitoring of the retraction channel.
[0009] The field acquisition device includes a controller, and the safety monitoring system is equipped with a remote controller that is communicatively connected to each controller. The remote controller is used to send control commands to the controller.
[0010] Furthermore, the controller is connected to an alarm light, and the controller is at least used to control the alarm light to emit a light alarm signal according to the control command.
[0011] Furthermore, the controller is connected to a driver, the driver being used to connect to the hydraulic valve of the unit support, and the controller being used at least to control the hydraulic valve via the driver to adjust the unit support according to the control command.
[0012] Furthermore, the controller is connected to a reserved interface for connecting external devices.
[0013] The technical solution provided by this invention first obtains the working resistance and inclination angle of each unit support in the retreat channel of a fully mechanized mining face. Based on this working resistance and inclination angle, it analyzes the pressure distribution and inclination angle distribution of multiple unit supports in the retreat channel to obtain a pressure characteristic sub-score and a roof inclination angle characteristic sub-score for the retreat channel. Then, based on the resistance change rate and inclination angle change rate of each unit support, it obtains the pressure weighting coefficient and inclination angle weighting coefficient for the retreat channel. Finally, it performs a weighted fusion of the pressure characteristic sub-score and the roof inclination angle characteristic sub-score based on these coefficients to obtain a health index for the retreat channel. Since this invention does not require roof pressure testing, but only requires the working resistance and inclination angle of each unit support to obtain the health index of the retreat channel, it allows for an accurate evaluation of the safety performance of the retreat channel. Therefore, it enables safety monitoring of the retreat channel during the equipment retreat phase of the fully mechanized mining face, thereby improving mine safety.
[0014] The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description
[0015] The following sections will describe some specific embodiments of the invention in detail by way of example and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts or portions. Those skilled in the art should understand that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a safety monitoring system for the roof of a fully mechanized mining face during retreat, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for monitoring the safety of the roof during the retreat of a fully mechanized mining face according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for monitoring the safety of the roof during the retreat of a fully mechanized mining face, according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4This is a schematic structural diagram of a safety monitoring system for the roof of a fully mechanized mining face during retreat, according to another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The following reference Figures 1 to 4 This invention describes a safety monitoring system and method for roof retraction in a fully mechanized mining face, according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this description, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature, that is, include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. When a feature "includes or contains" one or more of the features it encompasses, unless otherwise specifically described, this indicates that other features are not excluded and may be further included.
[0017] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0018] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 The figure shown is a safety monitoring system for the roof of a fully mechanized mining face during retreat, which can collect the working resistance and inclination angle of the unit support in the retreat channel of the fully mechanized mining face, and obtain the health index of the retreat channel based on the working resistance and inclination angle of the support, so as to monitor the safety of the retreat channel.
[0019] Specifically, the safety monitoring system for the roof pullback of the fully mechanized mining face in this embodiment includes a monitoring platform 10 and multiple field detection devices 20. The monitoring platform 10 is connected to a wireless gateway 30. Each field detection device 20 includes a corresponding wireless pressure sensor 21 and a wireless angle sensor 22. The wireless pressure sensor 21 and the wireless angle sensor 22 are wirelessly connected to the wireless gateway 30 via Bluetooth or other means, so as to communicate with the monitoring platform 10 through the wireless gateway 30.
[0020] In this embodiment, the field detection device 20 is mounted on a unit support in the retreat channel of the fully mechanized mining face, and each field detection device 20 corresponds to one unit support. The unit support can be a stacked support or a shield support. The wireless pressure sensor 21 in the field detection device 20 can detect the working resistance of its corresponding unit support and send it to the wireless gateway 30, so as to send it to the monitoring platform 10 through the wireless gateway 30. The wireless angle sensor 22 in the field detection device 20 can detect the support tilt angle of its corresponding unit support, that is, the angle between the unit support and the horizontal plane, and send the support tilt angle to the wireless gateway 30, so as to send it to the monitoring platform 10 through the wireless gateway 30. Thus, the monitoring platform 10 can obtain the working resistance and support tilt angle of its corresponding unit support through each field detection device 20.
[0021] After obtaining the working resistance and inclination angle of each unit support, the monitoring platform 10 can calculate the health index of the retraction channel based on the working resistance and inclination angle to perform safety monitoring of the retraction channel. Specifically, in this embodiment, the method by which the monitoring platform 10 calculates the health index of the retraction channel based on the working resistance and inclination angle of each unit support is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following steps: Step S101: Obtain the working resistance and inclination angle of each unit support in the retreat channel of the fully mechanized mining face, and calculate the average resistance value and resistance variance value of each unit support, as well as the resistance change rate of each unit support based on the working resistance of each unit support. Step S102: Calculate the rate of change of tilt angle and the absolute value of tilt angle of each unit support based on the support tilt angle of each unit support. Step S103: Obtain the pressure characteristic sub-score of the retraction channel based on the average resistance value and resistance variance value of the working resistance of the unit support, and obtain the top plate inclination characteristic sub-score of the retraction channel based on the inclination change rate and inclination absolute value of the unit support. Step S104: Obtain the pressure weight coefficient and tilt angle weight coefficient of the retraction channel based on the resistance change rate and the top plate tilt angle change rate of each unit support. Step S105: Using the pressure weight coefficient and tilt angle weight coefficient of the retreat channel, the top pressure characteristic sub-score and the top tilt angle characteristic sub-score of the retreat channel are weighted and fused to obtain the health index of the retreat channel.
[0022] In step S101 above, let n be the number of unit supports in the retreat channel of the fully mechanized mining face, where the working resistance of the i-th unit support is... The bracket tilt angle is And the average pressure value of the unit support in the retraction channel The resistance variance is E, and the resistance change rate of the i-th unit support is... ,but ; ; ; Where T represents the testing cycle for detecting the working resistance of the unit support. It is the working resistance of the i-th unit support in the previous testing cycle.
[0023] In step S102 above, let the rate of change of the tilt angle of the i-th unit support be... ,but ; in, It is the bracket tilt angle of the i-th unit bracket in the previous detection cycle.
[0024] In this embodiment, after obtaining the tilt angle of the unit support, the tilt angle is mapped to a range of 0° to 90°, and the mapped value is the absolute value of the tilt angle of the unit support.
[0025] In step S103 above, the pressure characteristic sub-score F_P of the retraction channel can be obtained by segmentation method based on the average resistance value and resistance variance value of the working resistance of the unit support, and the top plate inclination characteristic sub-score F_A of the retraction channel can be obtained based on the inclination change rate and inclination absolute value of the unit support.
[0026] Specifically, in this embodiment, multiple resistance variance intervals can be preset, each resistance variance interval corresponding to a pressure characteristic evaluation rule, and each pressure characteristic evaluation rule has multiple preset resistance intervals corresponding to pressure characteristic scores. After obtaining the resistance variance value of the unit support in the retreat channel, the resistance variance interval in which the resistance variance value is located is obtained, and the pressure characteristic evaluation rule corresponding to the resistance variance interval is obtained; finally, the preset resistance interval in which the average resistance of the unit support in the retreat channel is located in the pressure characteristic evaluation rule is obtained, and the pressure characteristic score corresponding to the preset resistance interval is used as the pressure characteristic sub-score F_P of the retreat channel.
[0027] In this embodiment, multiple tilt angle change intervals can be preset, and each tilt angle change interval corresponds to a tilt angle feature scoring rule. Each tilt angle feature scoring rule sets multiple preset tilt angle intervals corresponding to the top plate tilt angle feature scores. After obtaining the tilt angle change rate and absolute tilt angle of each unit support in the retraction channel, the average value of multiple tilt angle change rates is first calculated to obtain the average tilt angle change rate of multiple unit supports, and the tilt angle change interval in which the average tilt angle change rate is located is obtained, as well as the top plate tilt angle feature scoring rule corresponding to the tilt angle change interval is obtained; finally, the average value of the absolute tilt angle of multiple unit supports is obtained, and the preset tilt angle interval corresponding to the average value in the top plate tilt angle feature scoring rule is obtained, and the top plate tilt angle feature score corresponding to the preset tilt angle interval is used as the top plate tilt angle feature sub-score F_A of the retraction channel.
[0028] In step S104 above, the method for obtaining the pressure weight coefficient and tilt angle weight coefficient of the pullback channel includes: Obtain the set resistance slope threshold and the set tilt angle change threshold, and compare the resistance change slope of each unit support with the set resistance slope threshold; If the number of unit supports with a resistance change slope greater than or equal to the set resistance slope threshold is greater than or equal to 3, then the pressure weight coefficient of the pullback channel is A1 and the tilt angle weight coefficient is A2. If the number of unit supports with a resistance change slope greater than or equal to the set resistance slope threshold is less than 3, then compare the tilt angle change rate of each unit support with the set tilt angle change threshold. If the rate of change of tilt angle of all unit supports is greater than or equal to the set tilt angle change threshold, then the pressure weight coefficient of the retraction channel is B1 and the tilt angle weight coefficient is B2. If the slope of the resistance change of all unit supports is less than the preset tilt angle change threshold, then the pressure weight coefficient of the retraction channel is C1 and the tilt angle weight coefficient is C2. In step S105 above, the health index (CSI) is calculated based on the pressure characteristic sub-score F_P, the roof tilt characteristic sub-score F_A, the pressure weighting coefficient W_P, and the tilt weighting coefficient W_A. CSI = F_P * W_P + F_A * W_A As described above, this embodiment first obtains the working resistance and inclination angle of each unit support in the retreat channel of the fully mechanized mining face. Based on this working resistance and inclination angle, it analyzes the pressure distribution and inclination angle distribution of multiple unit supports in the retreat channel to obtain the pressure characteristic sub-score and roof inclination angle characteristic sub-score of the retreat channel. Then, based on the resistance change rate of each unit support, it obtains the pressure weight coefficient and inclination angle weight coefficient of the retreat channel. These coefficients are then used to weight and fuse the pressure characteristic sub-score and roof inclination angle characteristic sub-score of the retreat channel to obtain the health index of the retreat channel. Since this embodiment does not require roof pressure testing, the health index of the retreat channel can be obtained solely based on the working resistance and inclination angle of each unit support, allowing for an accurate evaluation of the safety performance of the retreat channel. Therefore, safety monitoring of the retreat channel can be implemented during the equipment retreat phase of the fully mechanized mining face, thereby improving mine safety.
[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 After obtaining the health index of the pullback channel in step S105, the process also includes: Step S106: Obtain the preset index range where the health index of the pullback channel is located, and obtain the risk level of each unit stent based on the preset index range and the resistance change rate and tilt change rate of each unit stent. Step S107: Obtain the risk diagnosis result for each unit stent based on its risk level, and issue a corresponding alarm signal based on each risk diagnosis result.
[0030] In this embodiment, the risk levels of a single stent include high, emergency, and medium levels. The preset index range corresponding to the high level is greater than 50 and less than 60, while the preset index range corresponding to the emergency level is less than or equal to 50. When the health index of the pullback channel is greater than 50 and less than 60, if the rate of change of resistance of a single stent is greater than a set resistance slope threshold, the risk level of that single stent is determined to be high. When the health index of the pullback channel is less than or equal to 50, if the rate of change of tilt angle of a single stent is greater than a set tilt angle change threshold, the risk level of that single stent is determined to be emergency. If the risk level of a single stent is neither high nor emergency, the risk level of that single stent is set to medium.
[0031] In this embodiment, taking one unit stent as an example, the method for obtaining its risk diagnosis result based on the risk level of the unit stent and issuing an alarm signal based on the risk diagnosis result includes: If the risk level of the unit support is high, the risk diagnosis result of the unit support is that the roof is periodically pressed, and the alarm signal of the unit support is a yellow light signal. If the risk level of the unit stent is emergency, the risk diagnosis result of the unit stent is stent decompression instability, and the alarm signal of the unit stent is a red light signal. If the risk level of the unit support is medium, then the risk diagnosis structure of the unit support is that the hinged structure of the roof rock layer is unstable, and the alarm signal of the unit support is a blue light signal.
[0032] As can be seen from the above, in this embodiment, after obtaining the health index of the retraction channel, the risk diagnosis results of each unit support are further obtained and corresponding alarm signals are issued, thereby improving the reliability and visibility of the safety monitoring of the retraction channel and further improving the safety of the retraction channel during the equipment retraction phase.
[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, after obtaining the risk level of each unit stent, the method further includes: determining the risk cause and risk management recommendations based on the risk level of each unit stent.
[0034] Specifically, taking one unit stent as an example, the methods for determining the risk causes and risk management recommendations based on the risk level of that unit stent include: If the risk level of the unit support is high, the risk mode of the unit support is regional connectivity, that is, the working resistance of multiple adjacent unit supports increases synchronously. The risk is caused by the fracture of the basic roof and the transfer of load to the coal wall of the working face and the unit support in front. Risk management recommendations include: notifying the staff to leave the unsupported roof area, accelerating the withdrawal speed of the unit support, and replenishing the liquid and pressurizing the unit support behind the unit support.
[0035] If the risk level of the unit support is emergency, the risk mode of the unit support is individual anomaly. The risk diagnosis result is support decompression instability. The risk cause may be leakage, improper drilling or top beam connection causing load transfer to adjacent unit supports. Risk management recommendations include: immediately stopping the withdrawal of adjacent unit supports, remotely operating or assigning personnel to replenish fluid to the unstable unit support, and checking the condition of the base and top beam.
[0036] If the risk level of the unit support is medium, the risk mode of the unit support is load oscillation. The risk is caused by the critical block of the top plate being in a sliding-engaging unstable equilibrium. Risk management recommendations include: strengthening the initial support force in the area where the unit support is located and paying attention to changes in the working resistance of the unit support.
[0037] After obtaining the risk causes and risk management suggestions for each unit support, these risk causes and suggestions can be displayed on the interface so that staff can avoid the risks in the retreat channel based on the risk management suggestions, thereby further improving the safety of the mine.
[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, each field acquisition device further includes a corresponding controller 200, and each controller 200 is wirelessly connected to its corresponding wireless pressure sensor 21 and wireless angle sensor 22, for example, via Bluetooth wireless communication; the safety monitoring system is also equipped with a remote controller 40, which is wirelessly connected to each controller 200, and the user can send control commands to each controller 200 through the remote controller 40.
[0039] Specifically, in this embodiment, the controller 200 can adopt a control circuit based on a microcontroller or other control chip, and the remote controller 40 can be connected to each controller via Bluetooth wireless communication. The remote controller 40 can be a smart terminal device such as a mobile phone. The user can operate the remote controller 40 to send control commands to each controller, and the controller 200 can control the unit bracket according to the control commands to improve the convenience and reliability of controlling the unit bracket.
[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, each controller 200 is connected to a corresponding alarm light 23. Each controller 200 can control the connected alarm light 23 according to the risk level of its corresponding unit support, so that each alarm light 23 can emit a light signal that matches the risk level of its corresponding unit support.
[0041] Specifically, in this embodiment, the remote controller 40 can be connected to the monitoring platform 10. After obtaining the risk level of each unit support in the retraction channel, the monitoring platform 10 can send the risk level to the remote controller 40. After obtaining the risk level of each unit support, the remote controller 40 can send a control command to each unit support according to its risk level. After receiving the control command from the remote controller 40, the controller 200 can obtain the risk level of the corresponding unit support according to the control command, and control the connected alarm light 20 according to the risk level, so that the alarm light 20 emits a light signal corresponding to the risk level of its unit support.
[0042] In this embodiment, the light signal corresponding to medium-high risk level is yellow, the light signal corresponding to emergency risk level is red, and the light signal corresponding to medium risk level is blue. After receiving the risk level of its corresponding unit bracket, the controller controls the alarm light to emit the light signal corresponding to that risk level.
[0043] In this embodiment, an alarm light is installed in the on-site data acquisition device. The alarm light can emit a light signal that matches the risk level of the support unit it is located in. This allows on-site personnel to determine the risk level of the support unit based on the light signal, so as to take timely emergency measures to reduce the losses caused by the risk of the support unit and further improve the safety of the mine.
[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, each controller 200 is connected to a corresponding driver 24, and each driver 24 is connected to the hydraulic valve of its corresponding unit bracket, and controls the hydraulic valve through the driver to adjust its corresponding unit bracket.
[0045] Specifically, the driver 24 in this embodiment may include a relay, and the controller 200 is connected to the coil of the relay to control the energization state of the coil. The normally open contact of the relay is set on the power supply line of the hydraulic valve. If the coil of the relay is energized, its normally open contact closes, the hydraulic valve of the unit support is energized and starts to work; if the coil of the relay is de-energized, its normally open contact opens, the hydraulic valve of the unit support is de-energized and stops working.
[0046] In this embodiment, a driver is provided in the field acquisition device, and the hydraulic valve of the unit support can be controlled by the driver to adjust the unit support, thereby realizing intelligent control of the unit support and improving the reliability of risk avoidance.
[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, each controller is connected to a corresponding reserved interface, and each reserved interface is used to connect to an external device.
[0048] In this embodiment, the reserved interface can be a data interface such as USB, through which the controller can connect to external devices such as USB flash drives to read data from or transfer data to the external devices; or the reserved interface can be a communication interface such as WLAN, through which the controller can connect to Ethernet or a local area network to connect to external devices and exchange information with them via the network.
[0049] The flowcharts provided in this embodiment are not intended to indicate that the operations of the method will be performed in any particular order, or that all operations of the method are included in every case. Furthermore, the method described above may include additional operations. Within the scope of the technical concept provided by the method in this embodiment, additional variations can be made to the method described above.
[0050] It should be understood that in some embodiments, the components may be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods may be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system.
[0051] Therefore, those skilled in the art should recognize that although numerous exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications conforming to the principles of the present invention can be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the scope of the present invention should be understood and construed as covering all such other variations or modifications.
[0052] In this embodiment, after obtaining the risk level of each unit support, the risk causes and risk management suggestions are determined according to the risk level of each unit support, so as to provide a reference for solving the risks existing in the unit support, thereby further improving the safety of the retreat channel during the equipment retreat stage of the fully mechanized mining face.
Claims
1. A method for safety monitoring of the roof during the retreat of a fully mechanized mining face, characterized in that, include: The working resistance and inclination angle of each unit support in the retreat channel of the fully mechanized mining face are obtained, and the average resistance value and resistance variance value of the unit support, as well as the resistance change rate of each unit support, are calculated based on the multiple working resistances. The rate of change of tilt angle of each unit support and the absolute value of tilt angle of multiple supports are calculated based on the tilt angle of the supports. The pressure characteristic sub-score of the retreat channel is calculated based on the average resistance value and the resistance variance value, and the top plate inclination characteristic sub-score of the retreat channel is calculated based on the inclination rate of change and the absolute value of the inclination angle. The pressure weighting coefficient and the tilt angle weighting coefficient of the pullback channel are determined based on the resistance change rate and the tilt angle change rate. The pressure weighting coefficient and the tilt angle weighting coefficient are then used to perform a weighted fusion of the roof pressure feature sub-score and the roof tilt angle feature sub-score to obtain the health index of the pullback channel.
2. The safety monitoring method for the roof retraction of a fully mechanized mining face according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the step of weighting and fusing the roof pressure feature sub-score and the roof tilt feature sub-score using the pressure weighting coefficient and the tilt angle weighting coefficient to obtain the health index of the pullback channel, the method further includes: Obtain the preset index range in which the health index falls, and based on the preset index range and the rate of change of resistance and the rate of change of tilt angle for each unit stent, obtain the risk level of each unit stent; and The risk diagnosis result of the corresponding unit stent is determined according to each risk level, and an alarm signal corresponding to the risk diagnosis result is issued.
3. The safety monitoring method for the roof retraction of a fully mechanized mining face according to claim 2, characterized in that, After the step of obtaining the risk level of each unit stent based on the preset index range and the rate of change of resistance and the rate of change of tilt angle of each unit stent, the method further includes: Based on the risk level, determine the risk cause for each unit stent and obtain risk management recommendations that match the risk cause.
4. A safety monitoring system for the roof of a fully mechanized mining face during retreat, characterized in that, include: Multiple field acquisition devices are provided, each of which is mounted on its corresponding unit support and includes a pressure sensor and an angle sensor. The pressure sensor is used to acquire the working resistance of its corresponding unit support, and the angle sensor is used to acquire the support tilt angle of its corresponding unit support. A monitoring platform, which is communicatively connected to each of the field acquisition devices, is used to acquire the working resistance and inclination angle of each unit support from the plurality of field acquisition devices, and to execute the safety monitoring method of any one of claims 1-3 according to the working resistance and the inclination angle of the support to perform safety monitoring of the retraction channel.
5. The safety monitoring system for the roof retraction of a fully mechanized mining face according to claim 4, characterized in that, The field acquisition device includes a controller, and the safety monitoring system is equipped with a remote controller that is communicatively connected to each controller. The remote controller is used to send control commands to the controller.
6. The safety monitoring system for the roof retraction of a fully mechanized mining face according to claim 5, characterized in that, The controller is connected to an alarm light, and the controller is at least used to control the alarm light to emit a light alarm signal according to the control command.
7. The safety monitoring system for the roof retraction of a fully mechanized mining face according to claim 5, characterized in that, The controller is connected to a driver, which is used to connect to the hydraulic valve of the unit support. The controller is at least used to control the hydraulic valve via the driver to adjust the unit support according to the control command.
8. The safety monitoring system for the roof retraction of a fully mechanized mining face according to claim 5, characterized in that, The controller is connected to a reserved interface for connecting external devices.