Satellite access control method, device and terminal equipment

Abstract

The application provides a satellite access control method, device and terminal equipment, which can be used in the field of satellite communication. Based on the method, the terminal equipment receives a first downlink broadcast signal from a satellite; the first downlink broadcast signal contains at least one candidate access beam information; based on the at least one candidate access beam information, a first target access beam is determined; and based on the first target access beam, a first target access request is sent. Thus, the terminal equipment beam access failure and frequent switching of access beams can be effectively avoided, the user can obtain a better communication experience, and the energy consumption of the terminal equipment is also reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of satellite communication technology, and in particular relates to satellite access control methods, devices and terminal equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In special areas such as deserts and seas, where they are not within the network coverage of ground base stations, mobile phones and other devices mostly need to access and communicate via satellite beams based on satellites such as low-Earth orbit satellites.

[0003] However, because satellite systems operate at high speeds relative to the ground, the service time of a satellite beam over a specific location on the ground is relatively short, making it easy for an established communication link to be interrupted. Furthermore, since both satellites and users are often mobile, users may move from the coverage area of ​​one satellite beam to the coverage area of ​​another during communication, which can also affect the normal communication of devices such as mobile phones.

[0004] Based on the above, when users access satellite communication using mobile phones and other devices, they are prone to beam access failures or frequent switching of access beams, which affects normal communication and increases the energy consumption of terminal devices.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a control method that can effectively avoid beam access failure and frequent switching of access beams. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a satellite access control method, apparatus, and terminal equipment, which can effectively avoid beam access failure and frequent switching of access beams, enabling users to obtain a better communication experience, while also helping to reduce the energy consumption of terminal equipment.

[0007] This application provides a satellite access control method, applied to terminal equipment, including:

[0008] Receive a first downlink broadcast signal from a satellite; the first downlink broadcast signal contains at least one candidate access beam information;

[0009] Based on the at least one candidate access beam information, a first target access beam is determined;

[0010] Based on the first target access beam, send the first target access request.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first target access request carries at least the location information of the terminal device.

[0012] In one embodiment, determining the first target access beam based on the at least one candidate access beam information includes:

[0013] Listen to the second downlink broadcast signal corresponding to the candidate access beam information to determine the first target access beam.

[0014] In one embodiment, determining the first target access beam includes:

[0015] Based on the second downlink broadcast signal and the beam switching trigger condition, the first target access beam is determined.

[0016] In one embodiment, the beam switching triggering condition includes: the difference between the signal power value of at least one second downlink broadcast signal and the signal power value of the current access beam is greater than a preset threshold value.

[0017] In one embodiment, the beam switching triggering condition further includes: the duration for which the difference between the signal power value of the second downlink broadcast signal and the signal power value of the current access beam is greater than a preset threshold is greater than a first duration threshold.

[0018] In one embodiment, prior to receiving the first downlink broadcast signal from the satellite, the method further includes:

[0019] Receive handover notification information from satellite;

[0020] Respond to the handover prompt and listen for the first downlink broadcast signal from the satellite.

[0021] In one embodiment, after sending the first target access request, the method further includes:

[0022] Update the number of first target access requests sent.

[0023] In one embodiment, after sending a first target access request based on a first target access beam, the method further includes:

[0024] Receive the first access instruction information from the satellite.

[0025] In one embodiment, after receiving first access indication information from a satellite, the method further includes:

[0026] Based on the first access indication information, determine whether to continue sending the first target access request.

[0027] In one embodiment, when the first access indication information indicates access denial and the number of first target access requests sent is less than a preset number threshold, the first target access requests continue to be sent.

[0028] In one embodiment, when the first access indication information indicates access denial and the number of first target access requests sent is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, a second target access beam is determined.

[0029] Based on the second target access beam, a second target access request is sent.

[0030] In one embodiment, when the first access indication information indicates consent to access, the target downlink broadcast signal of the first target access beam is received; and based on the target downlink broadcast signal, the current access beam is switched to the first target access beam.

[0031] In one embodiment, the candidate access beam information is an RRC message or a PDCCH message.

[0032] In one embodiment, determining the first target access beam based on the at least one candidate access beam information includes:

[0033] Based on the interference and performance information of the candidate access beams, the first target access beam is determined.

[0034] In one embodiment, determining the first target access beam based on interference and performance information of candidate access beams includes:

[0035] Based on the interference and performance information of the candidate access beams, the priority information of the candidate access beams is determined.

[0036] Based on priority information, the first target access beam is determined.

[0037] This application also provides a satellite access control method, applied to a satellite, including:

[0038] Receive a target access request; the target access request carries at least the location information of the terminal device;

[0039] Based on the target access request and the estimated service time, generate first access indication information;

[0040] Send the first access indication information to the terminal device.

[0041] In one embodiment, before receiving the target access request, the method further includes:

[0042] A first downlink broadcast signal is transmitted; the first downlink broadcast signal contains at least one candidate access beam information.

[0043] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0044] Based on the interference and performance information of the candidate access beams, the priority information of the candidate access beams is determined.

[0045] A first downlink broadcast signal is transmitted; the first downlink broadcast signal contains at least one candidate access beam information, the candidate access beam information containing priority information of the candidate access beam.

[0046] In one embodiment, based on the target access request and the estimated service time, first access indication information is generated, including:

[0047] Based on the target access request and the location information of the terminal device, when it is determined that the estimated service time of the satellite is greater than the second duration threshold, a first access indication message indicating consent to access is generated.

[0048] In one embodiment, the first access indication information also carries channel resource information of the target access beam.

[0049] This application also provides a satellite access control device, applied to terminal equipment, comprising:

[0050] A receiving module is configured to receive a first downlink broadcast signal from a satellite; the first downlink broadcast signal contains at least one candidate access beam information;

[0051] The determining module is used to determine a first target access beam based on the at least one candidate access beam information;

[0052] The transmitting module is used to transmit a first target access request based on the first target access beam.

[0053] This application also provides a satellite access control device, applied to a satellite, comprising:

[0054] A receiving module is used to receive a target access request; the target access request carries at least the location information of the terminal device;

[0055] The generation module is used to generate first access indication information based on the target access request and the estimated service time;

[0056] The sending module is used to send the first access indication information to the terminal device.

[0057] This application also provides a terminal device, including a processor and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions, wherein the processor executes the instructions to implement the steps of the satellite access control method.

[0058] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implement the relevant steps of the satellite access control method.

[0059] Based on the satellite access control method, apparatus, and terminal equipment provided in this application, the terminal equipment can receive a first downlink broadcast signal from a satellite; the first downlink broadcast signal contains at least one candidate access beam information; based on the at least one candidate access beam information, a first target access beam is determined; and based on the first target access beam, a first target access request is sent to achieve detection and reporting on the terminal equipment side. Correspondingly, the satellite receives the target access request; the target access request carries at least the location information of the terminal equipment; based on the target access request and the estimated service time, first access indication information is generated; and the first access indication information is sent to the terminal equipment to achieve satellite-side decision-making, enabling the terminal equipment to accurately complete the switching access to the relevant satellite beam. Thus, through the interactive cooperation between the terminal equipment and the satellite, beam switching is achieved intelligently and accurately, effectively avoiding beam access failures and frequent beam switching, providing users with a better communication experience, and also helping to reduce the energy consumption of the terminal equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0060] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this specification, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0061] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a satellite access control method provided in one embodiment of this specification;

[0062] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of the satellite access control method provided in this specification, applied in a scenario example.

[0063] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of the satellite access control method provided in this specification, applied in a scenario example.

[0064] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of the satellite access control method provided in this specification, applied in a scenario example.

[0065] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of the satellite access control method provided in this specification, applied in a scenario example.

[0066] Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart of a satellite access control method provided in one embodiment of this specification;

[0067] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of a terminal device provided in one embodiment of this specification;

[0068] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of a satellite access control device provided in one embodiment of this specification;

[0069] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of the satellite access control method provided in this specification, applied in a scenario example.

[0070] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of the satellite access control method provided in this specification, applied in a scenario example.

[0071] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of the satellite access control method provided in the embodiments of this specification, applied in a scenario example. Detailed Implementation

[0072] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this specification, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0073] It should be noted that the information and data related to users involved in the embodiments of this specification are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by the relevant parties. Furthermore, the collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, disclosure, and application of the relevant data all comply with relevant laws, regulations, and standards, and necessary confidentiality measures have been taken. They do not violate public order and good morals, and corresponding operation entry points are provided for users or relevant parties to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0074] It should also be noted that in the embodiments of this specification, certain software, components, models and other existing solutions in the industry may be mentioned. These should be regarded as exemplary and are only intended to illustrate the feasibility of implementing the technical solution of this application. However, it does not mean that the applicant has used or necessarily used the solution.

[0075] See Figure 1 As shown in the embodiments of this specification, a satellite access control method is provided. Specifically, this method is applied to the terminal device side. In specific implementation, the method may include the following:

[0076] S101: Receive a first downlink broadcast signal from a satellite; the first downlink broadcast signal contains at least one candidate access beam information;

[0077] S102: Determine the first target access beam based on the at least one candidate access beam information;

[0078] S103: Based on the first target access beam, send the first target access request.

[0079] The aforementioned satellites can be low-Earth orbit (LEO), medium-Earth orbit (MEO), high-Earth orbit (HEO), or other types of satellites. This specification primarily uses LEO satellites as an example for detailed explanation. For other types of satellites, please refer to the relevant embodiments for LEO satellites.

[0080] The aforementioned low-Earth orbit (or low-Earth orbit communication satellite) specifically refers to satellites deployed and operated in relatively low orbits (for example, generally several hundred to two thousand kilometers above the Earth's surface). Due to the low orbital altitude, transmission delays are short, path losses are minimal, and it features low latency and low cost.

[0081] Specifically, multiple low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites can be combined to form a large LEO satellite system that supports real-time information processing, and the distribution of these satellites can be referred to as a satellite constellation.

[0082] The aforementioned terminal equipment can be understood as a type of ground-based equipment that supports satellite communication. Specifically, this terminal equipment can be a mobile phone, an Internet of Things (IoT) terminal, a satellite phone, a computer, etc.

[0083] It should be noted that the terminal devices listed above are merely illustrative. In actual implementation, depending on the specific application scenario and processing requirements, the terminal devices may also include other types of electronic devices. This specification does not limit this.

[0084] The aforementioned candidate access beams can be specifically understood as satellite beams formed on the Earth's surface by electromagnetic waves emitted by relevant satellites through satellite antennas, covering an area adjacent to the current location of the terminal device. The satellite beam currently accessed and used by the terminal device can be recorded as the terminal device's current access beam. The terminal device can achieve communication by accessing and utilizing the corresponding satellite beam to transmit control commands and service data.

[0085] The aforementioned candidate access beam information (i.e., the beam information of the candidate access beam) may include at least: the beam identifier (e.g., beam ID) of the candidate access beam, and the satellite identifier (e.g., satellite ID) of the satellite to which the candidate access beam belongs.

[0086] Specifically, the aforementioned candidate access beams may include multiple different satellite beams. Furthermore, the coverage areas of different satellite beams may overlap, forming overlapping regions.

[0087] For details, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, the circle marked 1 represents the coverage area of ​​the current access beam of the terminal device, i.e., the location area where the terminal device is currently located. The circles marked 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 can represent the coverage areas of six different candidate access beams adjacent to the current location area of ​​the terminal device. The coverage areas of adjacent access beams overlap.

[0088] Specifically, with Figure 2 Taking the scenario shown as an example, based on conventional methods, terminal devices primarily determine whether to trigger a handover access beam based on the strength of the pilot signal and the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal. However, through inventive effort, the applicant discovered that, based on low-Earth orbit satellite systems, the speed of satellite beam movement is typically 6.24 km / s; the average time required for a terminal device to initiate a handover request and access the new beam channel is approximately 10 seconds. To ensure successful handover access, the time required for the terminal device to move from entering the overlap area to leaving the overlap area must be at least greater than 10 seconds. Therefore, if the determination of whether a terminal device needs to trigger a handover access beam is based solely on the strength of the pilot signal, it will inevitably lead to frequent cancellation and triggering of the handover access beam assessment, thereby affecting the user's communication experience.

[0089] In response to the above problems and considering their root causes, the applicant, through further creative thinking, proposed an improvement to the access control mechanism. This improvement could combine "terminal device-side measurement and location reporting" with "satellite-side time-based decision-making" to achieve intelligent and precise control over access beam switching.

[0090] In practice, the terminal device can receive and, based on the candidate access beam information in the first downlink broadcast signal of the current access beam, determine whether the beam switching trigger condition is met through corresponding measurements and detections. Specifically, it can first listen to the second downlink broadcast signal corresponding to the candidate access beam information in the first downlink broadcast signal; then, based on the second downlink broadcast signal of the candidate access beam, it can detect whether the beam switching trigger condition is met.

[0091] It should be noted that since there can be multiple candidate access beams, there can also be multiple second downlink broadcast signals corresponding to the candidate access beam information.

[0092] When it is determined that at least one of the second downlink broadcast signals corresponding to the candidate access beam information satisfies the beam switching trigger condition, the beam switching trigger condition is deemed satisfied. At this time, the terminal device can determine the candidate access beam as the first target access beam; and based on the first target access beam, send the corresponding first target access request.

[0093] In practice, after each first target access request is sent for the first target access beam, the terminal device can also update the number of first target access requests sent in a timely manner, so that other related detection and judgment can be performed based on the latest number of first target access requests sent.

[0094] For specific implementation, please refer to Figure 3 As shown, the terminal device can acquire and listen to the downlink broadcast signal of the candidate access beam (referred to here as the second downlink broadcast signal) based on the candidate access beam information; and then determine whether the beam switching trigger condition is met by measuring and detecting the second downlink broadcast signal of the candidate access beam.

[0095] If the beam switching triggering conditions are met, it can be determined that among the candidate access beams, there is a satellite beam with relatively higher reliability compared to the current access beam, requiring access beam switching. At this point, the terminal device can determine the first target access beam that meets the requirements from multiple candidate access beams and generate and send a first target access request for the first target access beam.

[0096] Furthermore, the terminal device can also acquire its own location information; then generate and send a first target access request, carrying at least the terminal device's location information, regarding the first target access beam to initiate beam switching. This achieves "terminal device-side measurement and location reporting".

[0097] Conversely, if the beam switching trigger condition is not met, it can be determined that the current access beam itself has good reliability, and communication can continue based on this satellite beam without requiring access beam switching. In this case, the terminal device can continue to use the current access beam for communication; at the same time, it can continue to monitor the second downlink broadcast signal of the candidate access beam.

[0098] Upon receiving a first target access request, the satellite can respond to it and determine the target service time for the terminal device using the target access beam, based on the terminal device's location information. Then, based on the target service time and considering the time factor, it can determine whether the first target access beam meets the access conditions. If the first target access beam meets the access conditions, it can be determined that switching to the target access beam will have a relatively small, or even no, negative impact on the user's communication experience. At this point, the satellite can generate and send back first access indication information to indicate agreement to access the first access beam. This first access indication information may also carry resource information about the target channel of the first target access beam.

[0099] Conversely, if it is determined that the access conditions are not met, it can be concluded that switching to the first target access beam at this time would negatively impact the user's communication experience, and the negative impact might even be relatively significant. In this case, to ensure user experience, the satellite can generate and feed back a first indication message to indicate access denial. This achieves "satellite-side time-based decision-making."

[0100] After receiving the first access indication information, the terminal device can determine, based on the first access indication information: whether to switch from the current access beam and access the first target access beam; or, whether to continue sending the first target access request; or, whether to change and determine the second target access beam and send a second target access request for the second target access beam.

[0101] Based on the above embodiments, it can be well adapted to the communication service scenario of direct satellite connection of terminal devices, effectively avoid beam access failure and frequent switching of access beam, increase the reliability of terminal devices when connecting to satellite, and enable users to obtain a better communication experience; at the same time, it also helps to reduce the energy consumption of terminal devices.

[0102] In some embodiments, the first target access request carries at least the location information of the terminal device, such as the current latitude and longitude coordinates of the terminal device, so that the satellite can make relevant decisions based on the location information of the terminal device. Specifically, for example, the satellite can calculate the target service time of the first target access beam based on the location information of the terminal device; then, based on the target service time, it can detect whether the first target access beam meets the access conditions, and thus distinguish different situations, generate and feed back corresponding first access indication information.

[0103] In some embodiments, the terminal device described above may specifically install and deploy an application that supports satellite communication functions.

[0104] Before implementation, the terminal device can perform parameter initialization through the application to obtain multiple preset parameters, so that the terminal device can use the above-mentioned preset parameters to complete the data processing for satellite access control during subsequent implementation.

[0105] Among them, the above-mentioned preset parameters may include at least: a preset quantity threshold (which can be denoted as M), a preset threshold value (which can be denoted as P0), a preset stable duration threshold value (which can be denoted as t0), a second duration threshold value, a first time reference value (which can be denoted as t1), a second time reference value (which can be denoted as t2), a third time reference value (which can be denoted as t3), etc.

[0106] Specifically, the aforementioned preset quantity threshold can be understood as the number of consecutive access requests sent for the same satellite beam. In practice, for example, the preset quantity threshold can be set to 3. Typically, for a candidate access beam, if the number of consecutive access requests exceeds the preset quantity threshold, but no first access indication message indicating agreement to access the candidate access beam is still received, it can be determined that the candidate access beam is not currently suitable for the terminal device to switch to.

[0107] The aforementioned preset threshold can be understood as a parameter used to measure the reliability between the candidate access beam and the current access beam. In practice, this preset threshold can be determined based on the altitude of the low-Earth orbit satellite above the ground. Generally, when the difference between the downlink broadcast signal power of a candidate access beam and the downlink broadcast signal power of the current access beam is greater than the preset threshold, it can be determined that the candidate access beam, relative to the current access beam, can support terminal device communication in terms of signal strength.

[0108] The aforementioned preset stability duration threshold can be understood as another parameter value used to measure the reliability between the candidate access beam and the current access beam. Typically, when the difference between the downlink broadcast signal power value of a candidate access beam and the downlink broadcast signal power value of the current access beam is greater than the preset threshold for a duration exceeding the preset stability duration threshold, it can be determined that the candidate access beam, relative to the current access beam, can support terminal device communication in terms of signal stability.

[0109] The aforementioned second duration threshold can be understood as a parameter value used to determine whether switching access to a candidate beam will affect the user's communication experience based on service time. Generally, when the service time of a candidate access beam is less than or equal to the second duration threshold, it can be determined that after switching access to that candidate access beam, the effective service time is too short, which will likely lead to frequent beam switching and affect the user's communication experience.

[0110] The aforementioned second duration threshold can be determined based on one or more of the first time reference value, the second time reference value, and the third time reference value.

[0111] The aforementioned first-time reference value can be understood as the maximum time required for a terminal device to access the satellite communication system under normal circumstances.

[0112] The aforementioned second time reference value can be specifically understood as the maximum time required for a terminal device to access the switched beam under normal circumstances.

[0113] The aforementioned third time reference value can be specifically understood as the redundancy duration caused by factors such as signal fluctuations during the access process of terminal devices under normal circumstances.

[0114] It should be noted that the preset parameters listed above are only illustrative. In actual implementation, depending on the specific application scenario and processing requirements, the preset parameters may include other types of related parameters. This manual does not limit this.

[0115] Before implementation, a large number of historical handover access records from different terminal devices can be collected. These records are then divided into multiple data groups based on different terminal types. Each data group corresponds to a specific terminal type and contains multiple historical handover access records for that type. For each data group, from each historical handover access record, a first type of record segment containing only information about the satellite communication system and a second type of record segment containing only information about the handover access beam are extracted. The first and second type record segments in each data group are statistically analyzed to determine the longest latency for both types, yielding a first and second time reference value corresponding to each terminal type. Simultaneously, corresponding first and second type record segments can be removed from the historical handover access records in each data group, resulting in the removed record segments. These removed record segments are then clustered to determine a third time reference value corresponding to each terminal type. Then, the first time reference value, the second time reference value, and the third time reference value corresponding to each terminal type are combined to obtain multiple reference time parameter groups corresponding to multiple terminal types respectively; wherein, each reference time parameter group corresponds to at least one terminal type and contains the first time reference value, the second time reference value, and the third time reference value corresponding to that terminal type.

[0116] Accordingly, during parameter initialization, the terminal device type can be determined first (e.g., mobile phone or computer, etc.); then, based on the terminal type, a corresponding set of reference time parameters can be determined; and based on this set of reference time parameters, a first time reference value, a second time reference value, and a third time reference value can be determined for that terminal device. In some simplified cases, only the first and second time reference values ​​can be calculated and used. Then, based on the aforementioned first, second, and third time reference values, a corresponding second duration threshold can be determined; or, based on the aforementioned first and second time reference values, a corresponding second duration threshold can be determined, etc.

[0117] During parameter initialization, based on historical switching access records of a large number of different terminal devices and user feedback data, big data analysis can be used to determine the duration and number of requests that simultaneously take into account normal data processing flow and user communication experience, which are then used as preset stable duration thresholds and preset quantity thresholds, respectively.

[0118] When performing parameter initialization, the preset threshold value for the terminal device can be determined based on the satellite's altitude above the ground.

[0119] In some embodiments, after sending the first target access request, the method may further include the following: updating the number of first target access requests sent.

[0120] Specifically, after each first target access request is sent, the terminal device updates the number of first target access requests sent by incrementing the current number of first target access requests by 1.

[0121] Based on the above embodiments, the number of access requests continuously sent to the same first target access beam can be accurately and automatically recorded, so as to facilitate other related detection and judgment in the future.

[0122] In some embodiments, the aforementioned candidate access beam information can be specifically determined based on a candidate handover access beam list. Specifically, the candidate handover access beam list can be generated from the satellite to which the current access beam belongs and provided to the terminal device via a first downlink broadcast signal.

[0123] In some embodiments, prior to receiving the first downlink broadcast signal from the satellite, the above method may further include the following:

[0124] S1: Receive handover notification information from the satellite;

[0125] S2: Respond to the handover prompt message and listen for the first downlink broadcast signal from the satellite.

[0126] The aforementioned switching prompt information is generated by the satellite to which the current access beam belongs when it determines that the terminal device currently has a beam switching requirement, and is sent to the terminal device through the corresponding downlink channel.

[0127] In practice, the terminal device can obtain a list of candidate access beams by receiving and demodulating the first downlink broadcast signal of the current access beam; and then extract the candidate access beam information based on the list of candidate access beams.

[0128] In practice, the aforementioned candidate access list may include one or more candidate access beams. Specifically, the number of candidate access beams typically does not exceed six.

[0129] Based on the above embodiments, the terminal device can listen to the first downlink broadcast signal by responding to the handover prompt information, and conveniently and efficiently obtain candidate access beam information with high reference value.

[0130] In some embodiments, the current terminal device can conduct specific communication through the satellite to which the previously accessed satellite beam (denoted as the current access beam) belongs.

[0131] In practice, the terminal device can collect and upload its location information in real time or at set intervals. The satellite can acquire and integrate the terminal device's location information at preset time intervals (e.g., every hour) and combine it with the location information from the previous time interval to assess and predict changes in the terminal device's location. Based on the assessment and prediction results, if the terminal device's activity range within a single preset time interval is large (e.g., greater than a preset reference range), and it also has the potential to leave its current location (e.g., the probability of the terminal device leaving its current location in the current or next time interval is greater than a preset probability threshold), it can be determined that the terminal device currently requires beam switching, and a switching prompt message can be generated and sent.

[0132] After the satellite sends a handover notification to the terminal device, it can determine the candidate access beams based on the latest location information of the terminal device through relevant calculations; generate a corresponding candidate handover access beam list; and then provide the candidate handover access beam list to the terminal device through the first downlink broadcast signal of the current access beam.

[0133] In some embodiments, the candidate access beam information may specifically be an RRC message or a PDCCH message.

[0134] Specifically, the aforementioned RRC message refers to a signaling message used in the 5G NR protocol stack based on the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer. Specifically, RRC messages can be divided into two categories: control messages and measurement report messages.

[0135] The aforementioned PDCCH message specifically refers to a message transmitted based on the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH).

[0136] In some embodiments, the determination of the first target access beam based on the at least one candidate access beam information may specifically include the following:

[0137] Listen to the second downlink broadcast signal corresponding to the candidate access beam information to determine the first target access beam.

[0138] Specifically, determining the first target access beam can include: determining the first target access beam based on the second downlink broadcast signal and beam switching triggering conditions.

[0139] In practice, the terminal device can listen to the second downlink broadcast signal corresponding to the candidate access beam information; then, based on the second downlink broadcast signal, it can determine whether the beam switching trigger condition is met through detection and measurement; when it is determined that the beam switching trigger condition is met, the first target access beam to be switched to is determined from the candidate access beams.

[0140] Based on the above embodiments, the terminal device can automatically determine whether the beam switching triggering condition is met by listening to the second downlink broadcast signal corresponding to the candidate access beam information, and thus accurately determine the first target access beam.

[0141] In some embodiments, the beam switching triggering condition may specifically include: the difference between the signal power value of at least one second downlink broadcast signal and the signal power value of the current access beam is greater than a preset threshold value.

[0142] Accordingly, see Figure 4 As shown, in specific implementation, the following can be included:

[0143] S1: Monitors the signal power value of the second downlink broadcast signal;

[0144] S2: Detect whether the difference between the signal power value of the second downlink broadcast signal and the signal power value of the current access beam is greater than a preset threshold value;

[0145] S3: When the difference between the signal power value of at least one second downlink broadcast signal and the signal power value of the current access beam is greater than a preset threshold, the beam switching trigger condition is determined to be met.

[0146] In some embodiments, the beam switching triggering condition may further include: the duration for which the difference between the signal power value of the second downlink broadcast signal and the signal power value of the current access beam is greater than a preset threshold is greater than a first duration threshold.

[0147] Accordingly, when it is determined that the difference between the signal power value of at least one second downlink broadcast signal and the signal power value of the current access beam is greater than a preset threshold, the following operations also need to be performed:

[0148] S4: Continuously monitor the power value of the second downlink broadcast signal and determine whether the stable duration for which the difference between the signal power value of the second downlink broadcast signal and the signal power value of the current access beam is greater than a preset threshold is greater than a first duration threshold.

[0149] S5: When the duration of the difference between the signal power value of the second downlink broadcast signal and the signal power value of the current access beam is greater than a preset threshold value, it is determined that the beam switching trigger condition is met.

[0150] In practice, the terminal device can listen to the second downlink broadcast signal corresponding to the candidate access beam information based on the candidate access beam information, and measure the signal power value of the second downlink broadcast signal.

[0151] In practice, if the terminal device detects that the difference between the signal power value of at least one of the second downlink broadcast signals and the signal power value of the downlink broadcast signal of the currently accessed beam is greater than a preset threshold, it can directly determine that the beam switching trigger condition has not been met. In this case, it can continue to monitor the second downlink broadcast signal corresponding to the candidate access beam information based on the candidate access beam information.

[0152] Conversely, when the terminal device detects that at least one of the second downlink broadcast signal power values ​​has a difference greater than a preset threshold between its power value and the power value of the downlink broadcast signal of the current access beam, it can mark the second downlink broadcast signal. Then, it continuously tracks and monitors the power value of the marked second downlink broadcast signal to determine whether the stable duration for which the difference between its power value and the power value of the current access beam exceeds the preset threshold is greater than a preset stable duration threshold. If it is greater, then the beam switching trigger condition is determined to be met.

[0153] Conversely, if the value is less than the threshold, it is determined that the beam switching trigger condition is not met. In this case, the second downlink broadcast signal corresponding to the candidate access beam information can continue to be monitored based on the candidate access beam information.

[0154] Based on the above embodiments, it is possible to detect and determine whether the beam switching triggering conditions are met in a relatively accurate and precise manner.

[0155] In some embodiments, the terminal device can calculate the priority information of each candidate access beam; then, based on the priority information, the candidate access beam with the highest priority is determined as the first target access beam that meets the requirements.

[0156] Among them, the candidate access beam with the highest priority can be a satellite beam that is relatively well-matched to the terminal device and provides a better user experience, determined by a combination of various influencing factors.

[0157] In some embodiments, determining the first target access beam based on the at least one candidate access beam information may specifically include: determining the first target access beam based on the interference information and performance information of the candidate access beams.

[0158] Specifically, the interference information of the aforementioned candidate access beams may include beam interference power, etc. The performance information of the aforementioned candidate access beams may include beam capacity, service time, etc.

[0159] For specific implementation, please refer to Figure 5 As shown, determining the first target access beam based on the interference and performance information of the candidate access beams may include the following:

[0160] S1: Determine the priority information of the candidate access beams based on the interference and performance information of the candidate access beams;

[0161] S2: Based on priority information, determine the first target access beam.

[0162] In practice, terminal devices can obtain interference information (e.g., beam interference power) and performance information (e.g., beam capacity and service time) of each candidate access beam through satellite.

[0163] In practice, the priority information of each candidate access beam can be calculated using the following formula:

[0164] N = a*I + b*Q + c*t

[0165] Where N is the priority information of the candidate access beam, I is the beam interference power I, Q is the beam capacity, t is the service time; a is the first weighting coefficient, b is the second weighting coefficient, c is the third weighting coefficient, and they satisfy the following relationship: a+b+c=1.

[0166] In practice, the priority of each candidate access beam can be determined based on its priority information. In this embodiment, the priority of the candidate access beam can include up to six different priorities.

[0167] In practice, multiple candidate access beams can be arranged in descending order of priority based on their priority information; the candidate access beam that is ranked first, i.e. has the highest priority, can be identified as the first target access beam that meets the requirements.

[0168] In practice, when there are at least multiple candidate access beams with the same and highest priority, one candidate access beam can be randomly selected from these multiple candidate access beams with the same and highest priority as the first target access beam. Alternatively, the candidate access beam with the longest service time can be selected from the multiple candidate access beams with the same and highest priority as the first target access beam to prioritize ensuring the user's normal communication experience.

[0169] Based on the above embodiments, multiple influencing factors such as beam interference power, beam capacity, and service time can be comprehensively considered. Based on multiple different dimensions, the primary target access beam that matches the current terminal equipment, has good stability, and can effectively ensure user experience can be accurately determined.

[0170] In some embodiments, after determining the first target access beam, the terminal device can obtain the location information of the terminal device through a GPS positioning module or a Beidou positioning module; and then generate a first target access request carrying at least the location information of the terminal device according to a preset request format.

[0171] Furthermore, the aforementioned first target access request may also carry beam information of the first target access beam, such as the beam identifier of the first target access beam and the satellite identifier of the satellite to which the first target access beam belongs.

[0172] In practice, the terminal device can send the first target access request to the satellite through the corresponding uplink channel so that the satellite can make the appropriate decision.

[0173] In some embodiments, a counter may also be deployed on the terminal device side to record the number (i) of first target access requests sent. During initialization, the number i of first target access requests sent can be set to 0. Each time the terminal device sends a first target access request for the first target access beam, the counter can automatically increment by 1 based on the current number i, thereby updating the number of first target access requests sent, for example, updating it to i+1.

[0174] In some embodiments, after receiving a first target access request for a first target access beam, the satellite can respond to the first target access request and calculate the service time (which can be denoted as the target service time) of the first target access beam for the terminal device based on the location information of the terminal device. Then, the satellite can make a decision based on the target service time and the time factor to detect and determine whether the first target access beam meets the access conditions for the current terminal device.

[0175] When the access conditions are met, a first access indication message indicating consent to access can be generated; and the first access indication message can be sent to the terminal device through the corresponding downlink channel.

[0176] Conversely, when it is determined that the access conditions are not met, a second indication message can be generated to indicate that access is denied; and this second indication message can be sent to the terminal device through the corresponding downlink channel.

[0177] In some embodiments, after sending a first target access request based on a first target access beam, the method may further include receiving first access indication information from a satellite.

[0178] In some embodiments, when the first access indication information indicates consent to access, a target downlink broadcast signal of the first target access beam is received; and based on the target downlink broadcast signal, the current access beam is switched to the first target access beam.

[0179] Specifically, when the first access indication information indicates consent to access, the first access indication information may also carry resource information about the target channel of the first target access beam.

[0180] Accordingly, the terminal device can determine a new target channel based on the resource information of the target channel; and on that target channel, it can perform time-frequency pre-compensation of the uplink access channel based on the received target downlink broadcast signal; then, based on the time-frequency pre-compensated data, it can switch the terminal device's access beam from the current access beam to the first target access beam, thereby realizing the switching and access to the first target access beam. Subsequently, relevant communication can be carried out based on the first target access beam.

[0181] Based on the above embodiments, when the access conditions are met, the terminal device can receive and respond to the first access indication information fed back by the satellite, indicating that it agrees to access, so as to efficiently and accurately realize the switching of access beams and access.

[0182] In some embodiments, after receiving the first access indication information from the satellite, the method may further include: determining whether to continue sending the first target access request based on the first access indication information.

[0183] In some embodiments, specifically, when the first access indication information indicates access denial and the number of first target access requests sent is less than a preset number threshold, the first target access requests continue to be sent.

[0184] In some embodiments, specifically, when the first access indication information indicates access denial and the number of first target access requests sent is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, a second target access beam is determined; and a second target access request is sent based on the second target access beam.

[0185] In practice, when the first access indication information indicates that access is denied, the terminal device can detect whether the number of first target access requests sent is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold.

[0186] If the value is determined to be less than the first target access beam, a first target access request can be sent for that first target access beam. If the value is determined to be greater than or equal to the first target access beam, a second target access beam can be determined, and a second target access request can be sent for that second target access beam.

[0187] Specifically, if the number of first target access requests sent is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the candidate access beam with the highest priority can be determined from the remaining candidate access beams other than the first target access beam, and used as the new target access beam, i.e. the second target access beam; and the number (i) of second target access requests sent with respect to the newly determined second target access beam is reset to 0, thus completing the initialization operation.

[0188] Conversely, if the number of first target access requests sent is less than a preset threshold, the terminal device may continue to send first target access requests about the first target access beam without changing the first target access beam, and update the number of first target access requests sent.

[0189] Specifically, when the first access indication information indicates that access is denied, the first access indication information may also carry adjustment suggestions provided by the satellite through intelligent model decision-making.

[0190] Correspondingly, the terminal device can also respond to the first access indication information, take the adjustment suggestion as a reference, and adjust the current position in a targeted manner, and / or change the target access beam so that the access beam can be switched in the future.

[0191] In some embodiments, after detecting whether the number of first target access requests sent is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, the method may further include the following: if it is determined that the number of first target access requests sent is less than the preset number threshold, continue to send first target access requests for the first target access beam; and update the number of first target access requests sent so that the terminal device can switch to and access the aforementioned target access beam with relatively high priority as much as possible.

[0192] In some embodiments, after sending a first target access request for a first target access beam, the terminal device may start timing; and monitor whether the first access indication information is received within a tolerance period (which may be denoted as t'); if it is determined that the first access indication information is not received within the tolerance period, it may determine that a timeout has occurred, and then resend the first target access request; and restart timing.

[0193] Based on the above embodiments, the terminal device can receive a first downlink broadcast signal from a satellite; the first downlink broadcast signal contains at least one candidate access beam information; based on the at least one candidate access beam information, a first target access beam is determined; and based on the first target access beam, a first target access request is sent, realizing detection and reporting on the terminal device side. This allows for better cooperation with the satellite, effectively avoiding beam access failures and frequent switching of access beams, providing users with a better communication experience, and also helping to reduce the energy consumption of the terminal device.

[0194] See Figure 6 As shown, this specification also provides another satellite access control method. This method can be specifically applied to the satellite side. In practical implementation, it may include the following:

[0195] S601: Receive a target access request; the target access request carries at least the location information of the terminal device;

[0196] S602: Generate first access indication information based on the target access request and the estimated service time;

[0197] S603: Send the first access indication information to the terminal device.

[0198] Specifically, the aforementioned target access request can be a first target access request, a second target access request, or even a third target access request, etc.

[0199] The aforementioned first access indication information may specifically be an indication of consent to access or an indication of denial of access.

[0200] In practice, the satellite can determine whether the terminal device meets the access conditions relative to the target access beam corresponding to the target access request based on the target access request and the expected service time, and then generate the corresponding first access indication information.

[0201] Specifically, when the satellite determines that the access conditions are met, it generates a first access indication message indicating access is permitted. Conversely, when the satellite determines that the access conditions are not met, it generates a first access indication message indicating access is denied.

[0202] When the first access indication information indicates consent to access, the first access indication information may also carry resource information about the target channel of the target access beam.

[0203] In practice, the satellite can parse and process the target access request according to the preset request format in order to extract relevant information such as the location information of the terminal device.

[0204] In practice, the satellite can determine the expected service time of the target access beam for the terminal device based on the target access request and the location information of the terminal device; then, based on the expected service time, detect whether the target access beam meets the access conditions; and generate corresponding first access indication information.

[0205] In specific implementation, determining the target service time of the target access beam for the terminal device based on the terminal device's location information can include: determining the maximum lateral distance d of the overlapping area as a lateral reference distance based on the 6dB attenuation of the target access beam and the 6dB attenuation of the current access beam; then calculating the straight-line distance r between the current position of the terminal device and the edge of the target access beam as the target remaining service distance based on the terminal device's location information and the lateral reference distance. Simultaneously, ephemeris information is queried based on the satellite identifier of the satellite to which the target access beam belongs to obtain the satellite's orbital velocity v_sat. Finally, the corresponding estimated service time is determined by calculating the quotient of the target remaining service distance and the satellite's orbital velocity: t = r / v_sat.

[0206] In practice, the satellite can make a decision based on time-related factors by detecting whether the expected service time meets the corresponding time parameter relationship or whether it is greater than the second duration threshold: whether the target access beam meets the access conditions for the current terminal device.

[0207] Based on the above embodiments, by making a decision based on time-related factors based on the target access request and the estimated service time, the beam switching of the terminal device can be realized more accurately and efficiently. When it is determined that the access conditions are met, the first access indication information indicating that access is agreed is promptly fed back to the terminal device.

[0208] In some embodiments, when the generated first access indication information indicates access denial, the satellite can also use a pre-trained intelligent model to analyze the reasons why the target access beam does not meet the access conditions; then, based on the reasons, determine targeted adjustment suggestions; and add the adjustment suggestions to the first access indication information for reference by the terminal device.

[0209] Based on the above embodiments, if the access conditions are not met, the satellite can also promptly send a first access indication message to the terminal device indicating that access is denied, so as to ensure that the user can obtain a relatively good communication experience.

[0210] In some embodiments, before receiving a target access request, the method may further include: sending a first downlink broadcast signal; the first downlink broadcast signal contains at least one candidate access beam information.

[0211] Based on the above embodiments, the satellite can provide relevant candidate access beam information to the terminal device through the first downlink broadcast signal, so that the terminal device can detect and measure it.

[0212] In some embodiments, the method may further include the following:

[0213] S1: Determine the priority information of the candidate access beams based on the interference and performance information of the candidate access beams;

[0214] S2: Send a first downlink broadcast signal; the first downlink broadcast signal contains at least one candidate access beam information, the candidate access beam information contains priority information of the candidate access beam.

[0215] Accordingly, when the terminal device determines that the beam switching triggering conditions are met, it can directly determine the candidate access beam with the highest priority as the target access beam based on the priority information of the candidate access beams in the candidate access beam information, and send the corresponding target access request.

[0216] Based on the above embodiments, the amount of data interaction between the terminal device and the satellite can be reduced, and the data processing burden on the terminal device side can also be reduced.

[0217] In some embodiments, the generation of first access indication information based on the target access request and the estimated service time may include the following:

[0218] Based on the target access request and the location information of the terminal device, when it is determined that the estimated service time of the satellite is greater than the second duration threshold, a first access indication message indicating consent to access is generated.

[0219] In practice, when the expected service time is greater than the second duration threshold, it can be determined that the target access beam meets the access conditions, and then a first access indication information indicating consent to access is generated.

[0220] The aforementioned first access indication information may also carry channel resource information of the target access beam.

[0221] Conversely, when the expected service time is less than or equal to the second duration threshold, it can be determined that the target access beam does not meet the access conditions, and thus a first access indication message indicating access denial is generated.

[0222] The aforementioned second duration threshold can be an empirical value derived from historical data, or a reference value generated by learning from historical data through a model.

[0223] In practice, the aforementioned second duration threshold can also be the sum of the first time reference value and the second time reference value. The first time reference value is a reference value for the time required for the terminal device to access the low-Earth orbit satellite, and the second time reference value is a reference value for the time required for the terminal device to switch beams after accessing the low-Earth orbit satellite.

[0224] Specifically, the access condition can be determined to be met if the expected service time satisfies the following relationship: t > t1 + t2. Otherwise, the access condition can be determined not to be met.

[0225] In some cases, considering that terminal devices may have a certain amount of redundant time during the access process due to signal jitter, the aforementioned second duration threshold can be the sum of the first time reference value, the second time reference value, and the third time reference value. The third time reference value is a reference value for the redundant time during the access process.

[0226] Specifically, the access condition can be determined to be met if the expected service time satisfies the following relationship: t > t1 + t2 + t3. Otherwise, the access condition can be determined not to be met.

[0227] Based on the above embodiments, the satellite can make relatively more accurate decisions on whether the target access beam meets the access conditions.

[0228] In some embodiments, a tolerance time reference value, denoted as t4, can be set for each user based on their different behavioral habits and personality traits. Correspondingly, the aforementioned second duration threshold can also be the sum of the first time reference value, the second time reference value, the third time reference value, and the tolerance time reference value.

[0229] In practice, the system can acquire the attribute data of the user currently using the terminal device, as well as the user's historical access records. These historical access records contain the user's feedback data. Big data analysis of these historical access records is then performed to determine the user's behavioral habits. Simultaneously, a user profile is created based on the user's attribute data, and the user's personality traits are determined based on this profile. The user's behavioral and personality traits are then combined to obtain their joint characteristics. A pre-trained tolerance time prediction model is used to process these joint characteristics to determine the user's tolerance time reference value.

[0230] Based on the above embodiments, by introducing and utilizing the user's tolerance time reference value to determine whether the access conditions are met, the personalized characteristics of the user can be fully considered, and the decision on whether the target access beam meets the access conditions can be made more accurately.

[0231] This specification provides an embodiment of a terminal device, see below. Figure 7 As shown. The terminal device includes a network communication port 701, a processor 702, and a memory 703. These structures are connected by internal cables so that they can perform specific data interaction.

[0232] Specifically, the network communication port 701 can be used to receive a first downlink broadcast signal from a satellite; the first downlink broadcast signal contains at least one candidate access beam information.

[0233] The processor 702 can be specifically used to determine a first target access beam based on the at least one candidate access beam information; and to send a first target access request based on the first target access beam.

[0234] The memory 703 can be used to store the corresponding instruction program, as well as related data such as candidate access beam information.

[0235] Based on the above method, the relevant structural performance of the terminal equipment can be effectively utilized to improve the data processing speed of electronic equipment and efficiently realize the data processing for access control of low-orbit satellites.

[0236] In this embodiment, the network communication port 701 can be a virtual port bound to different communication protocols, thereby enabling the sending or receiving of different data. For example, the network communication port can be a port responsible for web data communication, a port responsible for FTP data communication, or a port responsible for email data communication. Furthermore, the network communication port can also be a physical communication interface or communication chip. For example, it can be a wireless mobile network communication chip, such as GSM or CDMA; it can also be a Wi-Fi chip; or it can be a Bluetooth chip.

[0237] In this embodiment, the processor 702 can be implemented in any suitable manner. For example, the processor can take the form of a microprocessor or processor and a computer-readable medium storing computer-readable program code (e.g., software or firmware) executable by the (micro)processor, logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers, etc. This specification is not limiting.

[0238] In this embodiment, the memory 703 may include multiple layers. In a digital system, anything that can store binary data can be a memory. In an integrated circuit, a circuit with storage function but no physical form is also called a memory, such as RAM, FIFO, etc. In a system, a storage device with a physical form is also called a memory, such as a memory stick, TF card, etc.

[0239] This specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium based on the above-described satellite access control method. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions that, when executed, implement: receiving a first downlink broadcast signal from a satellite; the first downlink broadcast signal containing at least one candidate access beam information; determining a first target access beam based on the at least one candidate access beam information; and sending a first target access request based on the first target access beam.

[0240] In this embodiment, the storage medium includes, but is not limited to, Random Access Memory (RAM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), cache, hard disk drive (HDD), or memory card. The memory can be used to store computer program instructions. The network communication unit can be an interface configured according to standards specified in the communication protocol for network connection communication.

[0241] In this embodiment, the specific functions and effects implemented by the program instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium can be explained in comparison with other embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0242] This specification also provides another computer-readable storage medium based on the above-described satellite access control method. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions that, when executed, implement: receiving a target access request; the target access request carrying at least the location information of a terminal device; generating first access indication information based on the target access request and the estimated service time; and sending the first access indication information to the terminal device.

[0243] This specification also provides a computer program product, which includes at least a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the following method steps: receiving a first downlink broadcast signal from a satellite; the first downlink broadcast signal containing at least one candidate access beam information; determining a first target access beam based on the at least one candidate access beam information; and sending a first target access request based on the first target access beam.

[0244] This specification also provides another computer program product, which includes at least a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the following method steps: receiving a target access request; the target access request carrying at least the location information of a terminal device; generating first access indication information based on the target access request and an estimated service time; and sending the first access indication information to the terminal device.

[0245] See Figure 8 As shown in the embodiments of this specification, a satellite access control device is also provided, which may specifically include the following structural modules:

[0246] The receiving module 801 is specifically used to receive a first downlink broadcast signal from a satellite; the first downlink broadcast signal contains at least one candidate access beam information.

[0247] The determining module 802 can be specifically used to determine the first target access beam based on the at least one candidate access beam information;

[0248] The transmitting module 803 can be used to transmit a first target access request based on the first target access beam.

[0249] In some embodiments, the first target access request may carry at least the location information of the terminal device.

[0250] In the game implementation, when the above-mentioned determining module 802 is specifically implemented, the first target access beam can be determined based on the at least one candidate access beam information in the following manner: listen to the second downlink broadcast signal corresponding to the candidate access beam information to determine the first target access beam.

[0251] In some embodiments, when the determination module 802 is specifically implemented, the first target access beam can be determined in the following manner: the first target access beam is determined based on the second downlink broadcast signal and the beam switching trigger condition.

[0252] In some embodiments, the beam switching triggering condition may include: the difference between the signal power value of at least one second downlink broadcast signal and the signal power value of the current access beam is greater than a preset threshold value.

[0253] In some embodiments, the beam switching triggering condition may further include: the duration for which the difference between the signal power value of the second downlink broadcast signal and the signal power value of the current access beam is greater than a preset threshold is greater than a first duration threshold.

[0254] In some embodiments, before receiving the first downlink broadcast signal from the satellite, the device may also be used to: receive a handover prompt message from the satellite; and in response to the handover prompt message, listen to the first downlink broadcast signal from the satellite.

[0255] In some embodiments, after sending the first target access request, the device may also be used to update the number of first target access requests sent.

[0256] In some embodiments, after sending a first target access request based on a first target access beam, the device may further be used to: receive first access indication information from a satellite.

[0257] In some embodiments, after receiving the first access indication information from the satellite, the device may further be used to: determine whether to continue sending the first target access request based on the first access indication information.

[0258] In some embodiments, when the first access indication information indicates access denial and the number of first target access requests sent is less than a preset number threshold, the device may continue to send the first target access requests.

[0259] In some embodiments, when the first access indication information indicates access denial and the number of first target access requests sent is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, the device can determine a second target access beam; and based on the second target access beam, send a second target access request.

[0260] In some embodiments, when the first access indication information indicates consent to access, the device may receive the target downlink broadcast signal of the first target access beam; and based on the target downlink broadcast signal, switch from the current access beam to the first target access beam.

[0261] In some embodiments, the candidate access beam information may specifically be an RRC message or a PDCCH message.

[0262] In the game embodiment, when the above-mentioned determining module 802 is specifically implemented, the first target access beam can be determined based on the at least one candidate access beam information in the following manner: the first target access beam is determined based on the interference information and performance information of the candidate access beam.

[0263] In the game embodiment, when the above-mentioned determining module 802 is specifically implemented, the first target access beam can be determined based on the interference information and performance information of the candidate access beam in the following manner: the priority information of the candidate access beam is determined based on the interference information and performance information of the candidate access beam; and the first target access beam is determined based on the priority information.

[0264] See Figure 9 As shown in the embodiments of this specification, another satellite access control device is also provided, which may specifically include the following structural modules:

[0265] The receiving module 901 is specifically used to receive a target access request; the target access request carries at least the location information of the terminal device.

[0266] The generation module 902 can be specifically used to generate first access indication information based on the target access request and the estimated service time;

[0267] The sending module 903 can be used to send first access indication information to the terminal device.

[0268] In some embodiments, before receiving a target access request, the apparatus may also be used to: send a first downlink broadcast signal; the first downlink broadcast signal contains at least one candidate access beam information.

[0269] In some embodiments, the apparatus may also be used to: determine priority information of candidate access beams based on interference information and performance information of candidate access beams; and transmit a first downlink broadcast signal; wherein the first downlink broadcast signal contains at least one candidate access beam information, and the candidate access beam information contains priority information of the candidate access beam.

[0270] In some embodiments, when the above-mentioned generation module 902 is specifically implemented, it can generate first access indication information based on the target access request and the expected service time in the following manner: based on the target access request and the location information of the terminal device, when it is determined that the expected service time of the satellite is greater than the second duration threshold, first access indication information indicating consent to access is generated.

[0271] In some embodiments, the first access indication information may further carry channel resource information of the target access beam.

[0272] It should be noted that the units, devices, or modules described in the above embodiments can be implemented by computer chips or physical entities, or by products with certain functions. For ease of description, the above devices are described by dividing them into various modules according to their functions. Of course, in implementing this specification, the functions of each module can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware, or the module that implements the same function can be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units, etc. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the devices or units shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0273] As can be seen from the above, the satellite access control device provided in the embodiments of this specification can automatically monitor whether the current access beam meets the requirements by detecting whether the beam switching trigger condition is met; when it is determined that the beam switching trigger condition is met, the satellite makes a decision to intelligently switch the beam, thereby effectively avoiding beam access failure and frequent switching of access beams, so that users can obtain a better communication experience; at the same time, it also helps to reduce the energy consumption of terminal equipment.

[0274] In a specific scenario example, the satellite access control method provided in this manual can be used to achieve adaptive uplink access control for direct connection of a mobile phone to a low-Earth orbit satellite. For detailed implementation procedures, please refer to [the manual / reference needed]. Figure 10 As shown, it may include the following:

[0275] In this scenario example, considering existing conventional technologies, most terminals determine whether a user needs to trigger an access request based on the strength of the pilot signal and the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal, thus initiating a handover request. However, in low-Earth orbit (LEO) communication systems, the beam movement speed is 6.24 km / s, and the average time required for a terminal to access a new service channel from initiating a handover request is approximately 10 seconds. Therefore, to ensure successful handover access, the time for the terminal to leave the overlap area must be greater than 10 seconds. Consequently, relying solely on the pilot signal strength to determine whether a user needs to trigger a handover access request would lead to frequent cancellation and triggering of the handover access beam assessment, thus affecting the user experience. To address this issue, a method for handling beam handover between a mobile phone and a LEO satellite is proposed. This method effectively reduces the randomness of measurement results in triggering excessive handover access requests, lowers the average number of handover access attempts, and prevents unnecessary handover access, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of applications where smartphone terminals directly connect to LEO satellite services.

[0276] Based on the above approach, this paper proposes an uplink access control mechanism to address the problems faced by mobile terminals (e.g., terminal devices) accessing low-Earth orbit satellite communication systems, such as access failures due to short service times of selected service beams or frequent beam switching cancellations and triggers. This mechanism combines a designed list of candidate access beams and an access request format (e.g., a preset request format) to implement the access control process, employing a strategy that integrates "mobile-side measurement and location reporting" and "satellite-side redundancy time decision-making." Specifically, the candidate access beam list includes necessary satellite information, transmitted by the satellite via messages (e.g., RRC messages or PDCCH messages), with each message transmitting information for only one candidate access beam (e.g., candidate access beam information). The access request includes the beam information the terminal wants to switch to (e.g., the target access beam information) and carries the terminal's own location information (e.g., the terminal device's location information). "Mobile Phone-Side Measurement and Location Reporting" involves listening to satellite downlink broadcast signals after receiving a handover command, obtaining a list of candidate beams for handover, and then listening to the broadcast signals of the candidate beams. Once the terminal triggering conditions (e.g., beam switching triggering conditions) are met, an access request (e.g., a first target access request) and its own location information are sent to the satellite. "Satellite-Side Redundancy Time Decision" uses the time required for access (e.g., a first time reference value), the time required for beam switching (e.g., a second time reference value), and the redundancy time of the access process (e.g., a third time reference value) as the criteria for deciding whether to allow the mobile terminal to access the satellite (e.g., whether the access conditions are met). This effectively ensures that there is remaining time for voice communication after the handover; thus, it effectively avoids access failures and frequent service beam switching caused by the need to switch service beams during the access process, increasing the reliability of mobile terminal access to satellites and ensuring the application scenarios of smartphone terminals directly connecting to low-Earth orbit satellite services.

[0277] Specifically, on the satellite side: a candidate access beam list is defined, containing a maximum of six candidate access beams. The satellite transmits the candidate access beam list via information, with each message transmitting information for only one candidate access beam. Therefore, six messages need to be transmitted per frame to transmit all the candidate list information. This information is then sent to the mobile terminal via the downlink channel.

[0278] On the terminal side: Define the access request format. The mobile terminal's access request includes the target beam the terminal wants to switch to. The access request sent by the mobile terminal includes candidate access beams (the beam the mobile terminal wants to switch to) information, and also carries the mobile terminal's own location. The access request is placed in the information and sent to the satellite via the uplink channel.

[0279] In addition, the adaptive access control process is as follows: based on the satellite-side candidate access beam list and the terminal-side access request format, a strategy combining "mobile phone-side measurement and location reporting" and "satellite-side redundancy time decision" is adopted to complete the control process for the mobile terminal to access the satellite.

[0280] In specific implementation, combined with Figure 10 The content shown may include the following steps.

[0281] Step S1: Initialize, set the time required for the mobile terminal to access the low-Earth orbit satellite to t1, the time required for the mobile terminal to switch beams after access to the low-Earth orbit satellite to t2, and the redundancy time for the mobile terminal to access the low-Earth orbit satellite to t3; set the mobile terminal access request counter i to 0, and the maximum number of access request repetitions to M; set the power difference discrimination threshold value to P0, and the maintenance time to t0; where M is 3, and the access beam priority N is 6 levels;

[0282] Step S2: After receiving the handover instruction from the satellite downlink control channel, the mobile terminal starts listening to the satellite downlink broadcast signal. By demodulating the received low-orbit satellite downlink broadcast signal, it obtains the handover candidate access beam list information from the broadcast signal (the satellite side generates the candidate handover access beam list). The candidate handover access beam list has a maximum of 6 candidate beams, which correspond to 6 priorities.

[0283] Step S3: The mobile terminal listens to the downlink broadcast signals of the 6 candidate access beams in the switching list and measures the power of their broadcast signals;

[0284] Step S4: The mobile terminal compares the power based on the power measurement results. When the terminal detects that the signal power of at least one candidate beam is higher than the signal power of the beam currently accessed by the mobile terminal than the threshold value P0, and can maintain this for a period of time t0, the mobile terminal meets the handover trigger condition and executes step S5; otherwise, it executes step S3.

[0285] Step S5: Based on the selected access beam, the mobile terminal sends an access request to the satellite through the uplink control channel of that beam, while also carrying its own location information.

[0286] Step S6: Calculate the access request counter, i = i + 1; if i > M, then execute step S2; if i ≤ M, then execute step S7.

[0287] Step S7: The satellite demodulates the uplink channel signal to obtain the access request from the mobile terminal and the terminal's own location information, calculates the straight-line distance between the terminal's location and the edge of the beam, and calculates the service time t of the beam based on the satellite's movement speed.

[0288] Step S8: Based on the beam service time t obtained in step S7, and the time t1 required for the mobile terminal to access the low-Earth orbit satellite communication system, plus the time t2 required for beam switching after access and the access process redundancy time t3, the satellite uses this as the criterion for whether to allow the mobile terminal to access the system. This effectively ensures that there is remaining time for voice communication after switching. If t > t1 + t2 + t3, the satellite allows the mobile terminal to access the system and proceeds to step S9; otherwise, the satellite sends a system message to reject the mobile terminal's access and proceeds to step S10.

[0289] Step S9: After receiving the access consent message and new channel resource information sent by the satellite, the mobile terminal completes the time-frequency pre-compensation of the uplink access channel based on the received downlink broadcast signal on the new channel and begins communication on the new channel.

[0290] Step S10: After receiving the access rejection message sent by the satellite, the mobile terminal judges the counter i and the value of M. If i ≤ M, it continues to send the access request and executes step S6; if i > M, it selects a secondary access beam according to the priority in the access beam switching list and executes step S5. At the same time, it sets i = 0.

[0291] In this scenario example, the access beam priority is switched, with a total of 6 levels. Based on the satellite-side beam interference power I, beam capacity Q, and service time t as priority criteria, the access beam priority N (e.g., priority information) can be defined as: N = a*I + b*Q + c*t. Here, a, b, and c are the weighting coefficients for beam interference measurement, beam capacity, and service time, respectively, and a + b + c = 1.

[0292] In practice, the mobile terminal access response timeout handling process is as follows: After the mobile terminal sends a handover request to the satellite, the satellite will send a handover response message to the terminal. If the mobile terminal does not receive the handover response message within the specified time t', it is assumed that the satellite has not successfully received the handover request, and the mobile terminal will resend the handover request message until it receives the handover response.

[0293] In practice, the mobile terminal access request rejection handling process is as follows: If the mobile terminal receives a handover rejection message from the satellite, and the old channel is still available, the mobile terminal continues to send handover access requests until the satellite agrees to the handover. For example, if the candidate handover beams that meet the terminal's handover initiation conditions are {beam 2, beam 3, beam 4}, and the terminal sends handover request 1 (target beam 2), handover request 2 (target beam 3), and handover request 3 (target beam 4), if all handover requests are rejected by the satellite and the old channel is still available, the terminal continues to send handover requests 1, 2, and 3 until it receives handover agreement or the old channel becomes unavailable.

[0294] In practice, the candidate access beam list is switched. There are a maximum of 6 candidate access beams in the candidate access beam list. The satellite sends the candidate access beam list through information. One message can only send information for one candidate access beam. Therefore, 6 messages need to be sent in one frame to send all the information in the candidate list.

[0295] In practice, the mobile terminal access request format is as follows: The mobile terminal access request contains the target beam that the terminal wants to switch to. The access request sent by the mobile terminal includes candidate access beam information (the beam that the mobile terminal wants to switch to), and also carries the mobile terminal's own location. The access request is placed in the information and sent to the satellite through the uplink channel.

[0296] In practical implementation, P0 represents the hysteresis of downlink broadcast signal power measurement. Setting P0 can reduce the frequent cancellation and triggering of access beam assessment due to wireless signal (fading), reducing false alarms. The larger the value, the easier it is to make false alarms, increasing the difficulty of triggering access and delaying access handover. Decreasing the value makes it easier to trigger access handover, which can easily lead to false alarms, thus affecting the call experience of mobile terminal users. P0 is generally set to 2dB.

[0297] In practical implementation, T0 can represent the time hysteresis of downlink broadcast signal power measurement. When the triggering condition is met, an access request is not sent immediately. Instead, the access request is sent only after the event triggering condition begins to be met within a specified time. This reduces the randomness of the measurement result triggering too many access requests and lowers the average number of access requests, preventing unnecessary access requests. A larger delay trigger time results in a smaller average number of access requests, but an increased delay trigger time increases the risk of dropped calls. T0 is typically set between 100ms and 300ms.

[0298] In practice, the calculation of the service time t of the access beam mainly includes the following steps:

[0299] Step S1: Beam overlap area design. (For example...) Figure 2 As shown, three layers are drawn for each beam: beam boundaries with attenuation of 2dB, 3dB, and 6dB. The 2dB attenuated beams do not overlap with adjacent beams, while the 3dB and 6dB attenuated beams have overlapping areas with adjacent beams. When the terminal is within the 3dB beam range, the signal quality is good, ensuring normal communication. When the terminal moves outside the 3dB boundary of the current beam, the signal quality deteriorates significantly, and communication quality worsens, requiring the terminal to switch to a neighboring beam with better signal quality. To ensure uninterrupted communication during handover, there must be a sufficiently large overlap area between the 6dB attenuated beams, allowing the mobile terminal to complete the entire handover process within this overlap area.

[0300] Step S2: Refer to Figure 11 As shown, the maximum lateral distance d between the overlapping areas of the two 6dB attenuated beams is calculated, and the straight-line distance r between the terminal position and the edge of the access beam is calculated. The service time t of the access beam is calculated using the satellite motion velocity v_sat. The calculation expression is as follows: t=r / v_sat.

[0301] The above scenario examples verify the satellite access control method provided in this specification. By introducing and based on the uplink access control mechanism, the mobile terminal can adaptively select the uplink access beam based on the priority criterion for switching candidate access beams, according to the power measurement of the downlink broadcast signal and its own location, under the constraint of access count. This effectively avoids the problems of access failure and frequent service beam switching caused by switching service beams during the access process, increases the reliability of mobile terminal accessing satellites, and better adapts to and ensures the application scenario of mobile terminal directly connecting to low-Earth orbit satellite services.

[0302] While this specification provides the steps of operation for the methods described in the embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive means. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is merely one possible order of execution among many steps and does not represent the only possible order. In actual device or client product execution, the methods shown in the embodiments or drawings may be executed sequentially or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment, or even a distributed data processing environment). The terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, product, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, product, or apparatus. Without further limitations, the presence of other identical or equivalent elements in a process, method, product, or apparatus that includes said elements is not excluded. The terms "first," "second," etc., are used to denote names and do not indicate any particular order.

[0303] Those skilled in the art will also know that, besides implementing the controller using purely computer-readable program code, the same functions can be achieved by logically programming the method steps, making the controller function as logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic controllers (PLCs), and embedded microcontrollers. Therefore, such a controller can be considered a hardware component, and the devices within it used to implement various functions can also be considered structures within that hardware component. Alternatively, the devices used to implement various functions can be considered as both software modules implementing the method and structures within a hardware component.

[0304] This specification can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions that are executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, classes, etc., that perform a specific task or implement a specific abstract data type. This specification can also be practiced in distributed computing environments, where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected via a communication network. In distributed computing environments, program modules can reside in local and remote computer-readable storage media, including storage devices.

[0305] As can be seen from the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that this specification can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of this specification can essentially be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, mobile terminal, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of this specification.

[0306] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. This specification can be used in numerous general-purpose or special-purpose computer system environments or configurations. Examples include: personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable electronic devices, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices, etc.

[0307] Although this specification has been described by way of examples, those skilled in the art will recognize that many variations and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of this specification, and it is intended that the appended claims cover such variations and modifications without departing from the spirit of this specification.

Claims

1. A satellite access control method, characterized in that, Applied to terminal devices, including: Receive a first downlink broadcast signal from a satellite; the first downlink broadcast signal contains at least one candidate access beam information; Based on the at least one candidate access beam information, a first target access beam is determined; Based on the first target access beam, send the first target access request.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first target access request carries at least the location information of the terminal device.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the first target access beam based on the at least one candidate access beam information includes: Listen to the second downlink broadcast signal corresponding to the candidate access beam information to determine the first target access beam.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Determining the first target access beam includes: Based on the second downlink broadcast signal and the beam switching trigger condition, the first target access beam is determined.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The beam switching triggering condition includes: the difference between the signal power value of at least one second downlink broadcast signal and the signal power value of the current access beam is greater than a preset threshold value.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The beam switching triggering condition also includes: the difference between the signal power value of the second downlink broadcast signal and the signal power value of the current access beam is greater than a preset threshold for a duration greater than a first duration threshold.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before receiving the first downlink broadcast signal from the satellite, the method further includes: Receive handover notification information from satellite; Respond to the handover prompt and listen for the first downlink broadcast signal from the satellite.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After sending the first target access request, the method further includes: Update the number of first target access requests sent.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After sending a first target access request based on the first target access beam, the method further includes: Receive the first access instruction information from the satellite.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, After receiving the first access indication information from the satellite, the method further includes: Based on the first access indication information, determine whether to continue sending the first target access request.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, When the first access indication information indicates access denial and the number of first target access requests sent is less than a preset threshold, the first target access request continues to be sent.

12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, When the first access indication information indicates access denial, and the number of first target access requests sent is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, the second target access beam is determined; Based on the second target access beam, a second target access request is sent.

13. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, When the first access indication information indicates that access is agreed, the target downlink broadcast signal of the first target access beam is received; and based on the target downlink broadcast signal, the current access beam is switched to the first target access beam.

14. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The candidate access beam information is either an RRC message or a PDCCH message.

15. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the first target access beam based on the at least one candidate access beam information includes: Based on the interference and performance information of the candidate access beams, the first target access beam is determined.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, Based on the interference and performance information of the candidate access beams, the first target access beam is determined, including: Based on the interference and performance information of the candidate access beams, the priority information of the candidate access beams is determined. Based on priority information, the first target access beam is determined.

17. A satellite access control method, characterized in that, Applied to satellites, including: Receive a target access request; the target access request carries at least the location information of the terminal device; Based on the target access request and the estimated service time, generate first access indication information; Send the first access indication information to the terminal device.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, Before receiving the target access request, the method further includes: A first downlink broadcast signal is transmitted; the first downlink broadcast signal contains at least one candidate access beam information.

19. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the interference and performance information of the candidate access beams, the priority information of the candidate access beams is determined. A first downlink broadcast signal is transmitted; the first downlink broadcast signal contains at least one candidate access beam information, the candidate access beam information containing priority information of the candidate access beam.

20. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, Based on the target access request and the estimated service time, first access indication information is generated, including: Based on the target access request and the location information of the terminal device, when it is determined that the estimated service time of the satellite is greater than the second duration threshold, a first access indication message indicating consent to access is generated.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The first access indication information also carries channel resource information of the target access beam.

22. A satellite access control device, characterized in that, Applied to terminal devices, including: A receiving module is configured to receive a first downlink broadcast signal from a satellite; the first downlink broadcast signal contains at least one candidate access beam information; The determining module is used to determine a first target access beam based on the at least one candidate access beam information; The transmitting module is used to transmit a first target access request based on the first target access beam.

23. A satellite access control device, characterized in that, Applied to satellites, including: A receiving module is used to receive a target access request; the target access request carries at least the location information of the terminal device; The generation module is used to generate first access indication information based on the target access request and the estimated service time; The sending module is used to send the first access indication information to the terminal device.

24. A terminal device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions, wherein the processor, when executing the instructions, implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

25. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 21.

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