Antibacterial self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material and preparation method thereof
By preparing antibacterial and self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material, the problems of oxidation and rust and coating cracking of self-cleaning filters during repeated heating and freezing were solved, achieving a combination of antibacterial and self-cleaning functions and extending service life.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGDONG ZHUKANG MATERIAL TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing self-cleaning filters are prone to oxidation and rust during repeated heating and freezing processes, resulting in a short service life and easy cracking of the coating.
Using bamboo fiber as the base material, hemicellulose and lignin are removed through enzyme treatment, combined with antibacterial modification and reinforcement treatment, to prepare antibacterial self-cleaning filter material, and the self-cleaning function is achieved by utilizing N-type and P-type semiconductors.
While maintaining the toughness of bamboo fiber, it achieves antibacterial properties and self-cleaning ability, extending its service life and avoiding problems such as metal oxidation and coating cracking.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of air filtration materials technology, and in particular to an antibacterial self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, most filters with self-cleaning functions achieve this mechanically. However, in some scenarios where mechanical movement is inconvenient, non-mechanical self-cleaning structures are required. For example, a self-cleaning filter and air conditioner disclosed in Chinese patent 202011469143.9 describes the following principle: A DC power supply provides DC current, which enters from point C (the connection point between the P-type semiconductor and the DC power supply wire and the P-type semiconductor), charging the N-type semiconductor material. The DC current is transmitted to the P-type semiconductor through a metal mesh, and then flows out from point (the connection point between the B-type semiconductor and the DC power supply wire and the B-type semiconductor), forming a current loop. The N-type material has excess electrons and a negative thermoelectric potential, while the P-type material has insufficient electrons and a positive thermoelectric potential. When electrons pass from the P-type to the N-type junction, the junction temperature decreases; conversely, when electrons flow from the N-type to the P-type material, the junction temperature increases. In Phase One, the metal mesh generates a thermoelectric cooling effect. As the metal mesh cools down, it utilizes atmospheric water vapor to condense. When the temperature reaches the dew point, water droplets form on the surface of the metal mesh, trapping dust inside. Once the entire metal mesh is filled with water droplets, the temperature drops further, causing frost to form on the mesh surface. This creates a solid mixture of dust and frost. The frosting time can be determined by the current intensity and adjusted according to the filter size, offering high flexibility. In Phase Two, a reverse current is applied to heat the metal mesh and melt the frost, removing dust and creating a self-cleaning effect. When the metal mesh is completely dry, it is heated again for high-temperature sterilization. This process repeats, with the metal mesh undergoing a self-cleaning cycle of condensation, frosting, defrosting, and high-temperature sterilization.
[0003] The shortcomings of the above technical solutions are: metals are easily oxidized and rusted during repeated heating and condensation, resulting in a short service life; even with a waterproof coating, the coating is prone to cracking during repeated heating and freezing. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for preparing an antibacterial, self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material.
[0005] The technical solution of this invention is as follows: A method for preparing an antibacterial self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material includes the following steps: Step 1: Mechanically split the raw bamboo into bamboo strips; Step 2: Soak the bamboo fibers in an enzyme solution of 10-15 times their weight to remove hemicellulose and lignin in order to obtain more fiber. Step 3: Remove the bamboo strips and immerse them in a high-temperature (80-90℃) alkaline solution for 5-7 hours; this further removes lignin and also inactivates enzymes. Step 4: Take out the bamboo shreds and rinse them repeatedly with plenty of water until the pH reaches 7±0.5, then air dry them at 60-80℃ to obtain bamboo fiber; Step 5: Modify the bamboo fiber to inhibit bacterial growth, making it less susceptible to bacterial growth. Step six involves reinforcing the bamboo fiber to improve its mechanical strength and extend its service life.
[0006] Furthermore, the enzyme solution in step two is composed of hemicellulase, ligninase and deionized water in a weight ratio of 1:1 to 2:1000.
[0007] Furthermore, the alkaline solution in step three is an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution with an initial concentration ≥2.5% w / v. Conventional delignification treatment generally uses a concentration of 3% w / v, but in this invention, the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution needs to be heated in advance, so a lower concentration is used to maintain a suitable concentration during the longer boiling process.
[0008] Furthermore, the antibacterial modification method in step five is as follows: First, 302.22 parts by weight of tannic acid and 169.87 parts by weight of silver nitrate were dissolved in 2000 parts by weight of deionized water to prepare an antibacterial solution. Then, the bamboo fiber is soaked in the antibacterial solution for 12-24 hours. The catechol groups in the tannic acid molecules will be firmly adsorbed on the fiber surface, and at the same time, silver ions in the solution will be captured through chemical bonds. Finally, the antibacterial solution is heated to 50-80℃ and kept at this temperature for 2-5 hours. The tannins will then adsorb the silver ions. Reduced to elemental silver nanoparticles This gives the fiber broad-spectrum antibacterial properties, which are then removed, dried, and stored for later use.
[0009] Furthermore, the reinforcement method in step six is as follows: First, dissolve 1 part by weight of phytic acid and 100 parts by weight of ferric chloride in 200 parts by weight of deionized water as a reinforcing agent; Then, the bamboo fiber is immersed in a reinforcing agent, where phytic acid reacts with ferric ions. A strong complexation reaction occurs, forming a highly cross-linked, water-insoluble network structure; Finally, let it stand for 8-12 hours, then take out the bamboo fiber and rinse it repeatedly with plenty of deionized water. Dry it at 60℃ for later use.
[0010] The present invention also provides an antibacterial self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material, which is obtained by the above preparation method.
[0011] Furthermore, antibacterial self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material is used to obtain a self-cleaning filter screen through conventional textile methods.
[0012] Furthermore, the self-cleaning filter is rectangular when flattened.
[0013] This invention also provides a method for using antibacterial self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material, comprising the following steps: One end of the self-cleaning filter is connected to an N-type semiconductor, and the other end of the self-cleaning filter away from the N-type semiconductor is connected to a P-type semiconductor. The P-type semiconductor is connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply device, and the N-type semiconductor is connected to the negative terminal of the DC power supply device. When powered on, after the temperature of the self-cleaning filter drops to the dew point, the dust passing through or adhering to the self-cleaning filter is gradually absorbed by water. After the temperature drops to the freezing point, the dust is fixed by frost. When powered in reverse, the temperature of the self-cleaning filter rises above freezing, causing it to defrost rapidly. Dust is then washed away with the water droplets, achieving self-cleaning.
[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: using uncarbonized bamboo fiber as the substrate and making it into a filter screen, it obtains conductive properties after antibacterial and reinforcement treatment, can be used with N-type semiconductors and P-type semiconductors to achieve self-cleaning, and obtains antibacterial properties while maintaining the original toughness of bamboo fiber. Detailed Implementation
[0015] The following is a further explanation with reference to specific implementation methods: Raw material description: The raw bamboo used is the culms of mature moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis J. Houzeau).
[0016] Hemicellulase was purchased from Jiangsu Caiwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with an effective content ≥98% and enzyme activity ≥10000U.
[0017] The ligninase was purchased from Sichuan Chengzhu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with an effective content of ≥98% and an enzyme activity of ≥10000U.
[0018] Ferric chloride was purchased from Hubei Weistin Technology Co., Ltd., product name: ferric chloride hexahydrate, effective content ≥99%.
[0019] The carbon fiber yarn was purchased from Carbonene Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., product name: carbon fiber yarn SYT45-24K.
[0020] All other raw materials were purchased through normal channels. Example 1
[0021] The preparation of antibacterial self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material includes the following steps: The raw bamboo is mechanically split into bamboo strips.
[0022] Bamboo fibers are soaked in an enzyme solution of 10 times their weight to remove hemicellulose and lignin; the enzyme solution in step two is a mixture of hemicellulase, ligninase and deionized water in a weight ratio of 1:1:1000.
[0023] The bamboo strips were removed and immersed in a high-temperature alkaline solution, which was an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide with an initial concentration of 2.5% w / v, and boiled for 5 hours.
[0024] The bamboo shreds were removed and rinsed repeatedly with plenty of water until the pH reached 7±0.5, and then air-dried at 60℃ to obtain bamboo fiber. Bamboo fiber is modified to inhibit bacterial growth. The method of antibacterial modification is as follows: First, 302.22 parts by weight of tannic acid and 169.87 parts by weight of silver nitrate were dissolved in 2000 parts by weight of deionized water to prepare an antibacterial solution. Then, bamboo fiber was soaked in the antibacterial solution for 12 hours. Finally, the antibacterial solution was heated to 50°C and kept at that temperature for 2 hours. The fiber was then removed and dried for later use.
[0025] The bamboo fiber is reinforced; the reinforcement method is as follows: First, dissolve 1 part by weight of phytic acid and 100 parts by weight of ferric chloride in 200 parts by weight of deionized water as a reinforcing agent; then immerse the bamboo fiber in the reinforcing agent; finally, let it stand for 8 hours, take out the bamboo fiber and rinse it repeatedly with a large amount of deionized water, and dry it at 60°C for later use. Example 2
[0026] The preparation of antibacterial self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material includes the following steps: The raw bamboo is mechanically split into bamboo strips.
[0027] Bamboo fibers are soaked in an enzyme solution of 15 times their weight to remove hemicellulose and lignin; the enzyme solution in step two is a mixture of hemicellulase, ligninase and deionized water in a weight ratio of 1:2:1000.
[0028] The bamboo strips were removed and immersed in a high-temperature alkaline solution, which was an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide with an initial concentration of 2.5% w / v, and boiled for 7 hours.
[0029] Bamboo filaments are removed and repeatedly rinsed with plenty of water until the pH reaches 7±0.5, and then air-dried at 80℃ to obtain bamboo fiber. Bamboo fiber is modified to inhibit bacterial growth. The method of antibacterial modification is as follows: First, 302.22 parts by weight of tannic acid and 169.87 parts by weight of silver nitrate were dissolved in 2000 parts by weight of deionized water to prepare an antibacterial solution. Then, bamboo fiber was soaked in the antibacterial solution for 24 hours. Finally, the antibacterial solution was heated to 80°C and kept at that temperature for 5 hours. The fiber was then removed and dried for later use.
[0030] The bamboo fiber is reinforced; the reinforcement method is as follows: First, dissolve 1 part by weight of phytic acid and 100 parts by weight of ferric chloride in 200 parts by weight of deionized water as a reinforcing agent; then immerse the bamboo fiber in the reinforcing agent; finally, let it stand for 12 hours, take out the bamboo fiber and rinse it repeatedly with a large amount of deionized water, and dry it at 60°C for later use. Example 3
[0031] The preparation of antibacterial self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material includes the following steps: The raw bamboo is mechanically split into bamboo strips.
[0032] Bamboo fibers are soaked in an enzyme solution of 13 times their weight to remove hemicellulose and lignin; the enzyme solution in step two is a mixture of hemicellulase, ligninase and deionized water in a weight ratio of 1:1.5:1000.
[0033] The bamboo strips were removed and immersed in a high-temperature alkaline solution, which was an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide with an initial concentration of 2.5% w / v, and boiled for 6 hours.
[0034] Bamboo filaments are removed and repeatedly rinsed with plenty of water until the pH reaches 7±0.5, and then air-dried at 70℃ to obtain bamboo fiber. Bamboo fiber is modified to inhibit bacterial growth. The method of antibacterial modification is as follows: First, 302.22 parts by weight of tannic acid and 169.87 parts by weight of silver nitrate were dissolved in 2000 parts by weight of deionized water to prepare an antibacterial solution. Then, bamboo fiber was soaked in the antibacterial solution for 18 hours. Finally, the antibacterial solution was heated to 70°C and kept warm for 3 hours. The fiber was then removed and dried for later use.
[0035] The bamboo fiber is reinforced; the reinforcement method is as follows: First, dissolve 1 part by weight of phytic acid and 100 parts by weight of ferric chloride in 200 parts by weight of deionized water as a reinforcing agent; then immerse the bamboo fiber in the reinforcing agent; finally, let it stand for 10 hours, take out the bamboo fiber and rinse it repeatedly with a large amount of deionized water, and dry it at 60°C for later use.
[0036] Comparative Example 1 Replace the bamboo fibers with carbon fiber fibers of the same weight. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 3.
[0037] Comparative Example 2 The carbon fiber filaments undergo no processing.
[0038] Antibacterial test The antibacterial properties of the fibers in the above examples and comparative examples were tested according to GB 20944.3-2008-T "Evaluation of antibacterial properties of textiles - Part 3: Vibration method". The results are shown in Table 1.
[0039] Table 1 Antibacterial rate
[0040] The comparison shows that the fiber obtained by the present invention has strong antibacterial properties and can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria when it is prepared into a filter material.
[0041] Electrical conductivity experiment Conductivity was measured at room temperature and normal pressure (relative humidity 60%). The results are shown in Table 2.
[0042] Table 2 Conductivity
[0043] As shown in Table 2, the fibers obtained by this invention have good electrical conductivity, which is superior to that of ordinary carbon fiber filaments (Comparative Example 2). Furthermore, the conductivity of Example 2 is higher than that of Example 3, and Example 3 is higher than that of Example 1. This suggests that the higher the concentration of the enzyme solution, antibacterial solution, and reinforcing solution, the better the electrical conductivity of the fiber. In addition, Comparative Example 1, after processing the carbon fiber filaments using the method of this invention, not only did not increase the conductivity, but was significantly lower than that of Comparative Example 2. Therefore, this invention is not suitable for the use of carbonized carbon fiber filaments.
[0044] The embodiments and descriptions above are merely illustrative of the principles and preferred embodiments of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed.
Claims
1. A method for preparing an antibacterial, self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Mechanically split the raw bamboo into bamboo strips; Step 2: Soak the bamboo strips in an enzyme solution that is 10-15 times their weight in water. Step 3: Remove the bamboo strips and immerse them in an alkaline solution at 80-90℃ for 5-7 hours. Step 4: Take out the bamboo shreds and rinse them repeatedly with water until the pH reaches 7±0.5, then air dry them at 60-80℃ to obtain bamboo fiber; Step 5: Modify the bamboo fiber to inhibit bacterial growth; Step six: Reinforce the bamboo fiber to obtain antibacterial self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material.
2. The preparation method of the antibacterial self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enzyme solution in step two is a mixture of hemicellulase, ligninase and deionized water in a weight ratio of 1:1 to 2:1000.
3. The preparation method of the antibacterial self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkaline solution in step three is an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide with an initial concentration ≥2.5% w / v.
4. The preparation method of the antibacterial self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antibacterial modification method in step five is as follows: First, 302.22 parts by weight of tannic acid and 169.87 parts by weight of silver nitrate were dissolved in 2000 parts by weight of deionized water to prepare an antibacterial solution. Then the bamboo fiber is soaked in an antibacterial solution for 12-24 hours; Finally, heat the antibacterial solution to 50-80℃, keep it warm for 2-5 hours, then remove it and dry it for later use.
5. The method for preparing the antibacterial self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcement method in step six is as follows: First, dissolve 1 part by weight of phytic acid and 100 parts by weight of ferric chloride in 200 parts by weight of deionized water as a reinforcing agent; Then the bamboo fiber is immersed in a reinforcing agent; Finally, let it stand for 8-12 hours, then take out the bamboo fiber and rinse it repeatedly with deionized water. Dry it at 60℃ for later use.
6. An antibacterial self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-5.
7. The antibacterial self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material according to claim 6, characterized in that: Self-cleaning filter screens are obtained by using antibacterial self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material through conventional textile methods.
8. The antibacterial self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material according to claim 7, characterized in that: The self-cleaning filter is rectangular when laid flat.
9. A method of using the antibacterial self-cleaning bamboo fiber filter material as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: One end of the self-cleaning filter is connected to an N-type semiconductor, and the other end of the self-cleaning filter away from the N-type semiconductor is connected to a P-type semiconductor. The P-type semiconductor is connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply device, and the N-type semiconductor is connected to the negative terminal of the DC power supply device. When powered on, after the temperature of the self-cleaning filter drops to the dew point, the dust passing through or adhering to the self-cleaning filter is gradually absorbed by water. After the temperature drops to the freezing point, the dust is fixed by frost. When powered in reverse, the temperature of the self-cleaning filter rises above freezing, causing it to defrost rapidly. Dust is then washed away with the water droplets, achieving self-cleaning.