Self-tensioning pier column formwork structure, forming method and forming device

Abstract

The application provides a self-tie pier column formwork structure, a forming method and a forming device, which comprise pier column reinforcement and a pier column formwork surrounding the pier column reinforcement, the pier column formwork is composed of four formwork blocks, the pier column reinforcement comprises a large hoop arranged along the height direction of the pier column, two groups of small hoop groups are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the large hoop along the height direction of the pier column, the two groups of small hoop groups are arranged in a cross shape, and the end portions of the two groups of small hoop groups extend to the outside of the large hoop and are embedded into the corresponding formwork blocks. A self-tie stress system integrated with the formwork and the internal reinforcement cage is constructed, the external tie structure is eliminated, the problems of weak connection between the traditional assembly type formwork and the reinforcement cage, the need for tensioning when pouring the core concrete, the easy occurrence of the outward bulging deformation of the formwork, the large thickness requirement of the shell and the like are solved, the forming process of lying precasting, turning over by surface and replacing the mold with the shell is adopted, and therefore the input amount of the special steel formwork and the mounting and dismounting process are significantly reduced, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge pier construction, and in particular to a self-supporting pier mold structure, forming method, and forming device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of prefabricated bridge pier construction, the molding process of using UHPC precast molds combined with internal core concrete has become an important direction for improving construction efficiency and quality. However, existing mold technology solutions are mainly divided into two categories: one-piece molds and post-construction assembled molds. Both have significant technical defects in practical applications. For one-piece molds, their production relies heavily on large-volume inner and outer templates and complex support systems to maintain the shape. This not only leads to huge consumption of template materials and cumbersome installation and dismantling procedures, significantly increasing the economic cost of the project, but also results in a large space occupation on the construction site, making it difficult to adapt to the operational needs of narrow sites or complex environments. At the same time, due to the lack of effective internal limiting and thickness control mechanisms, traditional processes cannot accurately constrain the molding thickness of UHPC molds, which can easily lead to excessive material consumption or uneven thickness, resulting in high UHPC material costs. For the formwork assembled after construction, due to its structural limitations, it cannot form an effective tie structure with the internal steel reinforcement skeleton of the pier during the assembly stage. This leads to the formwork blocks being prone to bulging, deformation, or even misalignment and separation under the immense lateral fluid pressure during the pouring of the internal core concrete. To resist this lateral pressure, existing technologies often force an increase in the shell thickness and the installation of additional temporary tie structures or external reinforcement systems, significantly increasing the complexity of the construction process, the input of auxiliary materials, the construction period, and costs. Therefore, this paper proposes a self-tie pier formwork structure, forming method, and forming device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to provide a self-supporting pier column mold shell structure, molding method, and molding device to solve the problems of high process cost, poor site adaptability, difficulty in thickness control, and easy bulging and deformation of assembled mold shells.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a self-stretching pier column formwork structure, including pier column reinforcement and pier column formwork surrounding the pier column reinforcement. The pier column formwork is composed of four formwork blocks. The pier column reinforcement includes large stirrups arranged along the height direction of the pier column. Small stirrup groups are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the large stirrups along the height direction of the pier column. The two groups of small stirrups are arranged in a cross shape, and their ends extend outside the large stirrups and are embedded in the corresponding formwork blocks. Multiple corner bars arranged along the height direction of the pier column are provided at the connection of the corners of the four formwork blocks.

[0005] In the preferred embodiment, the inner ring array of the large stirrups has longitudinal bars extending along the height of the pier column, wherein the longitudinal bars are fixed to the large stirrups, and some of the longitudinal bars are further fixed to the small stirrup group.

[0006] In the preferred embodiment, the corner ribs are "L"-shaped to strengthen the connection between the vertical mold blocks, and one or both ends of the corner ribs are fixed to the corresponding small stirrup groups.

[0007] The method includes: S1. Arrange the casting template for the mold shell block, and form a cavity inside the casting template that is adapted to the mold shell block; S2. Then, the completed pier column steel bars are laid flat and hoisted onto the casting formwork, and concrete is poured to anchor the ends of the corresponding small stirrup groups and corner bars into them, forming the first formwork block. S3. Flip the pier column reinforcement and the first molded block formed on it 180 degrees, hoist the flipped pier column reinforcement onto the casting template, and then pour concrete to anchor the ends of the corresponding small stirrup groups and corner bars into them, forming a second molded block on the opposite side of the first molded block. S4. Rotate the pier column reinforcement and the two formed mold blocks on it ninety degrees, remove the side formwork, then hoist the pier column reinforcement onto the casting formwork, use the two formed and symmetrical mold blocks as the side molds of the third mold block, and then pour concrete to anchor the ends of the corresponding small stirrup groups and corner bars into them to form the third mold block. S5. Cast the fourth formwork block. Rotate the pier column reinforcement and the three formed formwork blocks on it 180 degrees, and repeat step S4 to complete the casting of the fourth formwork block, thus completing the forming of the entire pier column formwork.

[0008] In the preferred embodiment, the casting formwork specifically includes a bottom formwork and a detachable perimeter formwork fixed on the bottom formwork. The perimeter formwork consists of two side formworks and two end formworks.

[0009] In the preferred embodiment, a comb-tooth positioning plate is provided on the top of the end template, and comb-tooth grooves corresponding to the longitudinal ribs are formed on the comb-tooth positioning plate. When hoisting the pier reinforcement bars onto the casting formwork, the extended sections of the longitudinal reinforcement bars are inserted into the corresponding comb grooves.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, the inner side of each mold block is roughened during casting.

[0011] Two sets of small stirrups intersect to form a frame. The forming device includes lifting and turning mechanisms symmetrically arranged at both ends of the pier column reinforcement, and four support columns that pass through the two lifting and turning mechanisms and are inserted into them along the axial direction of the pier column reinforcement. The support columns are inserted into the largest frame formed by the intersection of the two sets of small stirrups. The lifting and turning mechanisms can control the four support columns to lock the pier column reinforcement and complete the turning required for forming each mold block.

[0012] In the preferred embodiment, the lifting and tilting mechanism includes a frame frame, in which a lifting seat is slidably mounted and a lifting drive mechanism for controlling the lifting seat to rise and fall is provided. A rotating seat is rotatably mounted in the lifting seat, and a rotating drive mechanism for driving the rotating seat to rotate is also provided thereon. A through-hole for the support columns to pass through is provided at the center of the rotating seat, and a locking device is provided in the through-hole. The locking device can abut the four support columns against the four corners of the frame frame respectively.

[0013] In the preferred embodiment, the frame structure includes a frame body, and the front and rear sides of the two columns on the left and right sides of the frame body are fixed with extension feet that sit on the ground. The front and rear sides of the two columns are symmetrically provided with limit grooves, and multiple locking holes for locking the height of the lifting seat are also provided through the side of the limit grooves.

[0014] In the preferred embodiment, the lifting seat includes a seat body, with connecting blocks fixedly provided on both sides of the seat body. A limiting slide block is fixedly provided at the other end of the connecting block, which is fitted onto the upright of the frame body and slides in cooperation with the limiting slide groove. A through hole corresponding to any locking hole is provided through the limiting slide block. An automatic pin is fixedly installed on one side of the through hole. The telescopic end of the automatic pin can pass through the through hole and any of the through holes.

[0015] In the preferred embodiment, the rotating seat includes a turntable, with a through-hole located at the center of the turntable. The outer ring of the turntable is provided with a rotating groove that mates with the seat body, and a corresponding bearing is provided between the two. A toothed ring is provided on one side of the rotating groove. The rotary drive mechanism includes a first drive unit, and a transmission gear that meshes with a gear ring is mounted on the output end of the first drive unit. There are multiple rotary drive mechanisms.

[0016] In the preferred embodiment, the locking device includes a longitudinal adjustment mechanism and a lateral adjustment mechanism arranged in a cross shape and sequentially disposed in the through opening.

[0017] In the preferred embodiment, the longitudinal adjustment mechanism includes two longitudinal guide rods, one longitudinal positive and negative threaded screw, and two longitudinal locking plates. The longitudinal positive and negative threaded screw is rotatably disposed in the through-hole. The two longitudinal guide rods are respectively fixed on both sides of the longitudinal positive and negative threaded screw. One end of the longitudinal positive and negative threaded screw is connected to a longitudinal drive device. Each of the two longitudinal locking plates is fixed with a longitudinal internal threaded sleeve and two longitudinal guide sleeves on its back. The longitudinal internal threaded sleeves of the two longitudinal locking plates are respectively threaded to two opposite thread segments of the longitudinal positive and negative threaded screw. The longitudinal guide sleeves are slidably fitted on the corresponding longitudinal guide rods. The transverse locking mechanism includes two transverse guide rods, one transverse positive and negative threaded screw, and two transverse locking plates. The transverse positive and negative threaded screw is rotatably mounted in the through-hole. The two transverse guide rods are respectively fixed on both sides of the longitudinal positive and negative threaded screw. One end of the transverse positive and negative threaded screw is connected to a transverse drive device. The back of each of the two transverse locking plates is fixed with a transverse internal threaded sleeve and two transverse guide sleeves. The transverse internal threaded sleeves of the two transverse locking plates are respectively threaded to two opposite thread segments of the longitudinal positive and negative threaded screw. The transverse guide sleeves are slidably mounted on the corresponding transverse guide rods. The turntable is equipped with mounting slots for installing longitudinal and lateral drive units.

[0018] This invention provides a self-tethered pier column formwork structure, forming method, and forming device. It utilizes the external embedment of small stirrup groups from the pier column's reinforcing steel skeleton into the formwork block and the mutual anchoring of corner reinforcements at the formwork connection points to construct an integrated self-tethered force-bearing system between the formwork and the internal reinforcing steel skeleton. This fundamentally solves the problems of weak connections between traditional assembled formwork and the reinforcing steel skeleton, and the tendency for outward bulging deformation during pouring. It effectively resists the enormous lateral pressure of the filling concrete without the need for additional temporary tie-in components or external reinforcement supports. Furthermore, the solution employs a flat prefabrication, face-by-face flipping, and shell-based forming process, which ingeniously... Using pre-formed formwork blocks as side templates for subsequent blocks not only significantly reduces the amount of dedicated steel formwork required and the installation and dismantling process, thus lowering production costs, but also achieves precise control of the formwork thickness through the cross-shaped arrangement and end anchoring of small stirrup groups, avoiding waste of UHPC materials. In addition, this step-by-step casting method with the steel reinforcement skeleton running throughout allows the four formwork blocks to form a closed structure with strong integrity and reliable connection during the factory prefabrication stage. This not only meets the transportation and hoisting requirements of narrow sites, but also greatly improves the construction efficiency, geometric accuracy, and overall durability of prefabricated piers. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a structural diagram showing the connection between the reinforcing steel bars and the formwork of the pier column in this invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the reinforcing steel bars in the pier column of this invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the forming process of the pier reinforcement and pier formwork of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the connection between the pier column reinforcement and the casting formwork of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the casting template of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram showing the connection between the end template and the comb tooth positioning plate of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a connection structure diagram of the molding device, casting template, and pier column reinforcement of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the molding device of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the pier reinforcement and supporting column of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the lifting and tilting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the frame structure of the present invention; Figure 12 This is an exploded structural diagram of the lifting seat and rotating seat of the present invention; Figure 13 This is the present invention. Figure 12 Another perspective on the structure diagram; Figure 14 This is a half-sectional view of the rotating seat structure of the present invention; Figure 15 This is an exploded structural diagram of the longitudinal adjustment mechanism and the transverse adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a front view of the rotating base of the present invention; Figure 17 This is the present invention. Figure 7 The front view of the structure.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Pier column reinforcement; 101. Large stirrups; 102. Small stirrup group; 103. Longitudinal reinforcement; 104. Frame; 105. Pier column formwork; 2. Formwork block; 201. Casting template; 4. Bottom formwork; 40. Side formwork; 402. End formwork; 403. Comb positioning plate; 4030. Comb groove; 4031. Support column; 5. Lifting and tilting mechanism; 6. Frame frame; 601. Frame body; 602. Extension leg; 603. Limiting slide; 604. Locking hole; 61. Lifting seat; 610. Seat; 611. Connecting block; 612. Limiting slide; 613. Through hole; 614. Automatic pin; 615. Rotary drive mechanism; 6150. First drive device. ; Transmission gear 6151; Lifting drive mechanism 62; Rotating seat 63; Turntable 630; Rotating groove 631; Gear ring 632; Through-hole 633; ​​Mounting groove 634; Locking device 64; Longitudinal adjustment mechanism 640; Longitudinal guide rod 6400; Longitudinal positive and negative threaded screw 6401; Longitudinal drive device 6402; Longitudinal locking plate 6403; Longitudinal internal threaded sleeve 6404; Longitudinal guide sleeve 6405; Lateral adjustment mechanism 641; Lateral guide rod 6410; Lateral positive and negative threaded screw 6411; Lateral drive device 6412; Lateral locking plate 6413; Longitudinal guide sleeve 6414; Lateral internal threaded sleeve 6415. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Example 1 like Figure 1-2 As shown, a self-stretching pier column formwork structure includes a pier column reinforcing bar 1 and a pier column formwork 2 composed of four formwork blocks 201 surrounding the pier column reinforcing bar 1. In this embodiment, the pier column is rectangular. With this design, the pier column formwork 2 is used to wrap the pier column reinforcing bar 1 to form a prefabricated component. After on-site installation, the core-filling concrete is poured to form an integral pier column. This process not only effectively solves the problem of insufficient reliability of connection nodes in traditional prefabricated pier columns, but also significantly reduces the weight of components during transportation and hoisting.

[0022] In this embodiment, the mold block 201 is made of UHPC concrete, which ensures the strength of the mold.

[0023] The pier column reinforcement 1 includes a large stirrup 101 arranged along the height direction of the pier column. Small stirrup groups 102 are respectively set on the upper and lower sides of the large stirrup 101 along the height direction of the pier column. The two groups of small stirrup groups 102 are arranged in a cross shape, and their ends extend outside the large stirrup 101. Thus, the ends of the small stirrup groups 102 can be embedded into the interior of the formwork block 201. The two groups of small stirrup groups 102 are used to tie the formwork block 201 around the large stirrup 101, thereby completing the connection between the pier column reinforcement 1 and the pier column formwork 2. This resists the load during the pouring of the filling concrete, realizes the construction without tie rods, and optimizes the thickness of the pier column formwork 2 to the greatest extent, thereby reducing economic costs.

[0024] In this embodiment, each group of small stirrups 102 consists of two symmetrically arranged small stirrups, and the intersection of the small stirrups and the large stirrups 101 is fixed by welding. The inner ring of the large stirrups 101 has longitudinal bars 103 extending along the height of the pier column. The longitudinal bars 103 are fixed to the large stirrups 101 by welding. Depending on the specific location, some of the longitudinal bars 103 are further welded to the small stirrups.

[0025] It should be noted that, since the ends of the small stirrup group 102 need to be anchored to the corresponding mold block 201 and need to meet the load of the pier mold 2 resisting the filling concrete pouring, the net protective layer on its outside is small. In this embodiment, the anchorage length is 26mm and the net protective layer of the small stirrup is only 16mm. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly control the outer perimeter of the stirrup sheet. The stirrups are preferably processed by high-precision CNC bending equipment. The stirrup sheet is laid out on the ground before welding.

[0026] In addition, corner bars 105 are provided between the two sets of small stirrups 102 at the corner of the pier column reinforcement 1.

[0027] At the corners of the four formwork blocks 201, multiple corner ribs 105 are arranged along the height of the pier column. The corner ribs 105 are specifically "L"-shaped and are used to strengthen the connection between the vertical formwork blocks 201. Their specific number is the same as that of the large stirrups 101 and they correspond one-to-one. One or both ends of the corner ribs 105 are fixed to the corresponding small stirrups by welding during the fabrication of the pier column reinforcement 1. In this embodiment, the corner ribs 105 are fixed to the two small stirrups at both ends of the corner. Since one of the two small stirrups is located above the large stirrup 101 and the other is located below the large stirrup 101, one end of the corner rib 105 is fixed to the bottom of the upper small stirrup and the other is fixed to the top of the lower small stirrup.

[0028] With this design, the corner reinforcement 105 can be positioned and installed by two sets of small stirrups 102. When casting the formwork block 201, there is no need to provide additional support and fixation, which also improves the overall structural strength.

[0029] Example 2 Further explanation in conjunction with Example 1, such as Figure 3-6 The structure shown illustrates a method for forming a self-bracing pier shell structure, the method comprising: S1. Arrange the casting template 4 for the mold block 201. The casting template 4 has a cavity inside that is adapted to the mold block 201. Specifically, it includes a bottom mold 40 and a detachable peripheral template fixed on the bottom mold 40. The peripheral template consists of two side templates 402 and two end templates 403.

[0030] The top of the end formwork 403 is provided with a comb-tooth positioning plate 4030, and a comb-tooth groove 4031 corresponding to the longitudinal reinforcement 103 is formed on the comb-tooth positioning plate 4030. Thus, when hoisting the pier column reinforcement 1, the longitudinal reinforcement 103 and the comb-tooth groove 4031 cooperate to achieve the positioning of the pier column reinforcement 1 in terms of pouring height and horizontal position.

[0031] S2. Pour the first formwork block 201. Lay the completed pier column reinforcement 1 flat and hoist it onto the pouring formwork 4. It should be noted that at this time, the corner reinforcement 105 is fixed on the pier column reinforcement 1, so that the extension of the longitudinal reinforcement 103 is inserted into the corresponding comb groove 4031 for positioning, so that the end of the corresponding small stirrup group 102 and the corner reinforcement 105 are anchored therein. Pour UHPC concrete and roughen its inner side to form the first formwork block 201 on one side of the pier column reinforcement 1.

[0032] In the preferred embodiment, to ensure the stability of the pier reinforcement 1 during the pouring process, a support frame resting on the ground can be installed through it.

[0033] S3. Pour the second formwork block 201. Rotate the pier column reinforcement 1 and the first formwork block 201 formed on it by 180 degrees. Hoist the rotated pier column reinforcement 1 onto the pouring formwork 4 in the manner described in step S2. Then pour UHPC concrete and roughen its inner side so that the ends of the corresponding small stirrup group 102 and the corner reinforcement 105 are anchored therein, forming the second formwork block 201 on the opposite side of the first formwork block 201.

[0034] S4. Cast the third formwork block 201. Rotate the pier column reinforcement 1 and the two formed formwork blocks 201 on it by 90 degrees and remove the side formwork 402. Then hoist the pier column reinforcement 1 onto the casting formwork 4, so that the extension of the longitudinal reinforcement 103 is inserted into the corresponding comb groove 4031 for positioning. Use the two formed and symmetrical formwork blocks 201 as the side molds of the third formwork block 201, cast UHPC concrete and roughen its inner side. During this process, anchor the ends of the corresponding small stirrup group 102 and the corner reinforcement 105 into it to form the third formwork block 201.

[0035] S5. Cast the fourth formwork block 201. Rotate the pier column reinforcement 1 and the three formed formwork blocks 201 on it by 180 degrees, and repeat step S4 to complete the casting of the fourth formwork block 201, thus completing the forming of the entire pier column formwork 2.

[0036] It should be noted that during the flipping process in this method, care should be taken to protect the already formed UHPC to prevent damage. At the same time, before flipping, ensure that the pier mold shell 2 meets the forming requirements.

[0037] This solution eliminates the need for large-volume formwork. While taking into account the thickness of the formwork block 201, the anchoring performance of the small stirrup group 102, and the accuracy requirements of the net protective layer, it precisely controls the amount of UHPC concrete used, thereby effectively reducing economic costs and successfully solving the problem of casting and forming the pier column formwork 2.

[0038] Example 3 Further explanation in conjunction with Examples 1 and 2, such as Figure 4-6 In accordance with the structure shown in 7-17, in order to solve the problem of flipping the pier column steel bar 1 in Embodiment 2, this embodiment proposes a forming device for a self-pull-up pier column mold shell structure, including lifting and flipping mechanisms 6 symmetrically arranged at both ends of the pier column steel bar 1, and four support columns 5 that pass through the two lifting and flipping mechanisms 6 and are inserted into them along the axial direction of the pier column steel bar 1. The lifting and flipping mechanisms 6 can control the four support columns 5 to lock the pier column steel bar 1 and complete the flipping step in Embodiment 2.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 12 As shown, four support columns 5 are inserted into the largest frame 104 formed by the intersection of two sets of small stirrup groups 102. In this embodiment, due to the interlacing of the two sets of small stirrup groups 102, several independent small frames are also formed in the frame 104. The four support columns 5 are respectively inserted into the four independent small frames at the four corners of the frame 104.

[0040] It should be noted that the support column 5 can be a one-piece molded structure or a multi-segment assembly structure. The multi-segment assembly structure is specifically composed of several column segment units arranged sequentially along the axial direction, and adjacent column segment units are fixedly connected by threaded joints.

[0041] Furthermore, the lifting and tilting mechanism 6 includes a frame 60, in which a lifting seat 61 is slidably mounted and a lifting drive mechanism 62 for controlling the lifting of the lifting seat 61 is provided. A rotating seat 63 is rotatably mounted in the lifting seat 61, and a rotating drive mechanism 615 for driving the rotating seat 63 to rotate is also provided thereon. A through-hole 633 for the support column 5 to pass through is provided at the center of the rotating seat 63. A locking device 64 is provided in the through-hole 633. The locking device 64 can abut the four support columns 5 against the four corners of the frame 104 respectively, thereby locking the rotating seat 63 with the pier column steel bar 1. Then, the lifting and rotating of the rotating seat 63 is used to complete the tilting of the pier column steel bar 1. At the same time, the lifting and tilting mechanism 6 can be used to support the pier column steel bar 1 during the pouring process without the need for an additional support frame.

[0042] In the preferred embodiment, the frame 60 includes a frame body 601, and the front and rear sides of the two columns on the left and right sides of the frame body 601 are fixed with extension feet 602 that sit on the ground, thereby ensuring the stability of the support.

[0043] The two columns are symmetrically provided with limiting grooves 603 on the front and rear sides. Multiple locking holes 604 for locking the height of the lifting seat 61 are also provided through the side of the limiting grooves 603. In this embodiment, there are two locking holes 604, which are used to lock the height when flipped and the height when pouring, respectively.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the lifting seat 61 includes a seat body 610, with connecting blocks 611 fixedly provided on both sides of the seat body 610. The other end of the connecting block 611 is fixedly provided with a limiting slide seat 612, which is fitted on the column of the frame body 601 and slides in cooperation with the limiting slide groove 603, so that the seat body 610 can be stably raised and lowered in the frame body 601.

[0045] The limiting slide 612 has a through hole 613 corresponding to any locking hole 604. An automatic pin 614 is fixedly installed on one side of the through hole 613. By passing the automatic pin 614 through the through hole 613 and any through hole 613, the height of the seat body 610 can be locked.

[0046] The automatic latch 614 can be any one of the following: electric push rod driven type, electromagnet attracted type, or hydraulic / pneumatic cylinder driven type.

[0047] In the preferred embodiment, the lifting drive mechanism 62 consists of two hydraulic telescopic cylinders. The two hydraulic telescopic cylinders are located below the two connecting blocks 611 respectively, and the telescopic ends are connected to the corresponding connecting blocks 611. Thus, the lifting seat 61 is controlled to rise and fall by extending and retracting the hydraulic telescopic cylinders.

[0048] It should be noted that the four hydraulic telescopic cylinders of the two lifting and tilting mechanisms 6 are equipped with corresponding hydraulic stations and synchronous telescopic systems to achieve the above-mentioned effects.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the rotating seat 63 includes a turntable 630, with a through-hole 633 located at the center of the turntable 630 and being rectangular in shape.

[0050] The outer ring of the turntable 630 is provided with a rotating groove 631 that mates with the seat 610, and a corresponding bearing is provided between the two to ensure smooth rotation.

[0051] A toothed ring 632 is provided on one side of the rotating groove 631. The rotating drive mechanism 615 cooperates with the toothed ring 632 to drive the turntable 630 to rotate. There are multiple rotating drive mechanisms 615, and they are arranged in a ring array outside the base 610. In this embodiment, there are three.

[0052] The rotary drive mechanism 615 includes a first drive device 6150, which is composed of a motor and a reducer. A transmission gear 6151 that meshes with the gear ring 632 is installed on the output end of the first drive device 6150, thereby driving the turntable 630 to rotate through the transmission of the transmission gear 6151.

[0053] It should be noted that the rotation drive mechanism 615 of the two lifting and tilting mechanisms 6 is also equipped with a power supply and a synchronous rotation system to ensure that the rotation drive mechanism 615 can rotate synchronously.

[0054] In the preferred embodiment, the locking device 64 includes a longitudinal adjustment mechanism 640 and a lateral adjustment mechanism 641 arranged sequentially in the through opening 633. The longitudinal locking mechanism 640 and the lateral locking mechanism 641 can respectively abut the four support columns 5 at the four corners of the frame 104.

[0055] The longitudinal adjustment mechanism 640 includes two longitudinal guide rods 6400, a longitudinal forward and reverse threaded screw 6401, and two longitudinal locking plates 6403. The longitudinal forward and reverse threaded screw 6401 is rotatably mounted in the through-hole 633 through bearings at both ends. The two longitudinal guide rods 6400 are respectively fixed on both sides of the longitudinal forward and reverse threaded screw 6401. One end of the longitudinal forward and reverse threaded screw 6401 is connected to a longitudinal drive device 6402, thereby causing the longitudinal forward and reverse threaded screw 6401 to rotate in the through-hole 633 through the longitudinal drive device 6402.

[0056] Each of the two longitudinal locking plates 6403 has a longitudinal internal threaded sleeve 6404 and two longitudinal guide sleeves 6405 fixed on its back. The longitudinal internal threaded sleeves 6404 of the two longitudinal locking plates 6403 are respectively threaded to the two opposite thread segments of the longitudinal positive and negative threaded screws 6401. The longitudinal guide sleeves 6405 are slidably fitted on the corresponding longitudinal guide rods 6400. Thus, by rotating the longitudinal positive and negative threaded screws 6401, the two longitudinal locking plates 6403 can be moved in opposite or opposite directions, thereby pushing and locking the four support columns 5 in the longitudinal direction.

[0057] It should be noted that the longitudinal locking plate 6403 is located between the upper and lower rows of support columns 5.

[0058] In addition, the transverse locking mechanism 641 includes two transverse guide rods 6410, a transverse forward and reverse threaded screw 6411, and two transverse locking plates 6413. The transverse forward and reverse threaded screw 6411 is rotatably disposed in the through-hole 633 through bearings at both ends. The two transverse guide rods 6410 are respectively fixed on both sides of the longitudinal forward and reverse threaded screw 6401. One end of the transverse forward and reverse threaded screw 6411 is connected to a transverse drive device 6412, thereby causing the transverse forward and reverse threaded screw 6411 to rotate in the through-hole 633 through the transverse drive device 6412.

[0059] Each of the two transverse locking plates 6413 has a transverse internal threaded sleeve 6415 and two transverse guide sleeves 6414 fixed on its back. The transverse internal threaded sleeves 6415 of the two transverse locking plates 6413 are respectively threaded to the two opposite thread segments of the longitudinal positive and negative threaded screws 6401. The transverse guide sleeves 6414 are slidably fitted on the corresponding transverse guide rods 6410. Thus, by rotating the transverse positive and negative threaded screws 6411, the two transverse locking plates 6413 can be moved in opposite or opposite directions, thereby pushing and locking the four support columns 5 in the transverse direction.

[0060] It should be noted that the longitudinal locking plate 6403 is located between the left and right rows of support columns 5. The turntable 630 is provided with mounting slots 634 for mounting the longitudinal drive device 6402 and the transverse drive device 6412. The longitudinal drive device 6402 and the transverse drive device 6412 are both composed of a motor and a reducer transmission combination, and are equipped with a power supply and a synchronous rotation system to ensure that the longitudinal drive device 6402 and the transverse drive device 6412 of the two lifting and tilting mechanisms 6 can work synchronously.

[0061] In addition, the height of the casting formwork 4 is adapted to the lifting height of the lifting and turning mechanism 6 so as to meet the casting height at which the lifting and turning mechanism 6 lowers the pier column steel bar 1 onto it.

[0062] In this embodiment, during use, the pier column reinforcement 1 is hoisted above the casting template 4, and support columns 5 are inserted into the four frames 104. During insertion, both the longitudinal adjustment mechanism 640 and the lateral adjustment mechanism 641 are in a retracted state to facilitate the passage of the support columns 5. Then, the longitudinal adjustment mechanism 640 and the lateral adjustment mechanism 641 are used to abut the four support columns 5 against the corners of the four frames 104, thereby completing the connection between the two lifting and flipping mechanisms 6 and the pier column reinforcement 1. At this time, the lifting and rotating functions of the lifting and flipping mechanism 6 can be used to achieve the lifting, flipping, and casting support effects of the pier column reinforcement 1 in Embodiment 2.

[0063] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-supporting pier formwork structure, comprising pier reinforcement (1) and a pier formwork (2) surrounding the pier reinforcement (1), characterized in that: The pier column formwork (2) is composed of four formwork blocks (201). The pier column reinforcement (1) includes large stirrups (101) arranged along the height direction of the pier column. Small stirrup groups (102) are respectively set on the upper and lower sides of the large stirrups (101) along the height direction of the pier column. The two groups of small stirrup groups (102) are arranged in a cross shape, and their ends extend to the outside of the large stirrups (101) and are embedded in the corresponding formwork block (201). Multiple corner bars (105) arranged along the height direction of the pier column are set at the corners of the four formwork blocks (201).

2. The self-supporting pier column formwork structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ring array of the large stirrups (101) has longitudinal bars (103) extending along the height direction of the pier column. The longitudinal bars (103) are fixed to the large stirrups (101), and some of the longitudinal bars (103) are further fixed to the small stirrup group (102).

3. The self-supporting pier column formwork structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The corner rib (105) is "L" shaped and is used to strengthen the connection between the vertical mold block (201). One or both ends of the corner rib (105) are fixed to the corresponding small stirrup group (102).

4. The method for forming a self-supporting pier column mold shell structure according to claim 2, the method comprising: S1. Arrange the casting template (4) for the mold block (201), and form a cavity inside the casting template (4) that is compatible with the mold block (201); S2. Then, the completed pier column steel bars (1) are laid flat and hoisted onto the casting template (4), and concrete is poured to anchor the ends of the corresponding small stirrup groups (102) and corner bars (105) into them, forming the first mold block (201). S3. Rotate the pier column reinforcement (1) and the first molded block (201) formed on it by 180 degrees, hoist the rotated pier column reinforcement (1) onto the casting template (4), and then pour concrete to anchor the ends of the corresponding small stirrup group (102) and the corner bars (105) into it, forming a second molded block (201) on the opposite side of the first molded block (201). S4. Rotate the pier column reinforcement (1) and the two molded shell blocks (201) formed on it by 90 degrees, and remove the side formwork (402). Then hoist the pier column reinforcement (1) onto the casting formwork (4). Use the two formed and symmetrical molded shell blocks (201) as the side formwork of the third molded shell block (201). Then pour concrete to anchor the ends of the corresponding small stirrup group (102) and the corner bars (105) into it to form the third molded shell block (201). S5. Cast the fourth mold block (201). Rotate the pier column reinforcement (1) and the three mold blocks (201) formed on it by 180 degrees, and repeat step S4 to complete the casting of the fourth mold block (201), thus completing the forming of the entire pier column mold (2).

5. The forming method of a self-supporting pier column mold shell structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The casting template (4) specifically includes a bottom template (40) and a detachable perimeter template fixed on the bottom template (40). The perimeter template consists of two side templates (402) and two end templates (403).

6. The forming method of a self-supporting pier column mold shell structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: end The top of the template (403) is provided with a comb positioning plate (4030), and a comb groove (4031) corresponding to the longitudinal rib (103) is formed on the comb positioning plate (4030). When the pier column reinforcement (1) is hoisted onto the casting formwork (4), the extension of the longitudinal reinforcement (103) is inserted into the corresponding comb groove (4031).

7. The forming method of a self-supporting pier column mold shell structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: When casting each mold block (201), roughen the inside of it.

8. A molding device for a self-supporting pier column mold shell structure according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: Two sets of small stirrups (102) intersect to form a frame (104). The forming device includes lifting and turning mechanisms (6) symmetrically arranged at both ends of the pier column reinforcement (1), and four support columns (5) that pass through the two lifting and turning mechanisms (6) and are inserted into the pier column reinforcement (1) along the axial direction. The support columns (5) are inserted into the largest frame (104) formed by the intersection of the two sets of small stirrups (102). The lifting and turning mechanism (6) can control the four support columns (5) to lock the pier column reinforcement (1) and complete the turning required for forming each mold block (201).

9. The forming device for a self-supporting pier column mold shell structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lifting and tilting mechanism (6) includes a frame frame (60), in which a lifting seat (61) is slidably mounted and lifted, and a lifting drive mechanism (62) for controlling the lifting seat (61) to lift. A rotating seat (63) is rotatably mounted in the lifting seat (61), and a rotating drive mechanism (615) for driving the rotating seat (63) to rotate is also mounted thereon. A through-hole (633) for the support column (5) to pass through is provided at the center of the rotating seat (63), and a locking device (64) is provided in the through-hole (633). The locking device (64) can abut the four support columns (5) against the four corners of the frame (104) respectively.

10. The forming device for a self-supporting pier column mold shell structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The frame structure (60) includes a frame body (601). The front and rear sides of the two columns of the frame body (601) are fixed with extension feet (602) that sit on the ground. The front and rear sides of the two columns are symmetrically provided with limit grooves (603). Multiple locking holes (604) for locking the height of the lifting seat (61) are also provided through the side of the limit grooves (603).

11. The forming device for a self-supporting pier column mold shell structure according to claim 10, characterized in that: The lifting seat (61) includes a seat body (610), with connecting blocks (611) fixed on both sides of the seat body (610). The other end of the connecting block (611) is fixed with a limiting slide (612) that is fitted onto the column of the frame body (601) and slides in cooperation with the limiting slide groove (603). A through hole (613) corresponding to any locking hole (604) is provided through the limiting slide (612). An automatic pin (614) is fixedly installed on one side of the through hole (613). The telescopic end of the automatic pin (614) can pass through the through hole (613) and any through hole (613).

12. The forming device for a self-supporting pier column mold shell structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lifting drive mechanism (62) consists of two hydraulic telescopic cylinders, which are located below the two connecting blocks (611) respectively, and the telescopic ends are connected to the corresponding connecting blocks (611).

13. The forming device for a self-supporting pier column mold shell structure according to claim 11, characterized in that: The rotating seat (63) includes a turntable (630), a through-hole (633) is located at the center of the turntable (630), the outer ring of the turntable (630) is provided with a rotating groove (631) that mates with the seat body (610), and a corresponding bearing is provided between the two. A toothed ring (632) is provided on one side of the rotating groove (631). The rotary drive mechanism (615) includes a first drive device (6150), and a transmission gear (6151) that meshes with the gear ring (632) is mounted on the output end of the first drive device (6150). The number of rotary drive mechanisms (615) is multiple.

14. The forming device for a self-supporting pier column mold shell structure according to claim 13, characterized in that: The locking device (64) includes a longitudinal adjustment mechanism (640) and a lateral adjustment mechanism (641) arranged in a cross shape in the through opening (633).

15. The forming device for a self-supporting pier column mold shell structure according to claim 14, characterized in that: The longitudinal adjustment mechanism (640) includes two longitudinal guide rods (6400), a longitudinal positive and negative threaded screw (6401), and two longitudinal locking plates (6403). The longitudinal positive and negative threaded screw (6401) is rotatably disposed in the through-hole (633). The two longitudinal guide rods (6400) are respectively fixed on both sides of the longitudinal positive and negative threaded screw (6401). One end of the longitudinal positive and negative threaded screw (6401) is connected to a longitudinal drive device (6402). Each of the two longitudinal locking plates (6403) has a longitudinal internal threaded sleeve (6404) and two longitudinal guide sleeves (6405) fixed on its back. The longitudinal internal threaded sleeves (6404) of the two longitudinal locking plates (6403) are respectively threaded to the two opposite thread segments of the longitudinal positive and negative threaded screw (6401). The longitudinal guide sleeves (6405) are slidably fitted on the corresponding longitudinal guide rods (6400). The transverse locking mechanism (641) includes two transverse guide rods (6410), a transverse positive and negative threaded screw (6411), and two transverse locking plates (6413). The transverse positive and negative threaded screw (6411) is rotatably disposed in the through opening (633). The two transverse guide rods (6410) are respectively fixed on both sides of the longitudinal positive and negative threaded screw (6401). One end of the transverse positive and negative threaded screw (6411) is connected to a transverse drive device (6412). The back of each of the two transverse locking plates (6413) is fixed with a transverse internal threaded sleeve (6415) and two transverse guide sleeves (6414). The transverse internal threaded sleeves (6415) of the two transverse locking plates (6413) are respectively threaded to the two opposite thread segments of the longitudinal positive and negative threaded screw (6401). The transverse guide sleeves (6414) are slidably fitted on the corresponding transverse guide rods (6410). The turntable (630) is provided with mounting slots (634) for mounting the longitudinal drive unit (6402) and the transverse drive unit (6412).

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