A large-diameter high-temperature and high-pressure expansion self-locking metal packer

Abstract

The application discloses a large-passage high-temperature and high-pressure expansion self-locking metal packer and relates to the field of metal packers, which comprises a center pipe, a pressure cap and a cylinder body, the outer wall of the center pipe is movably installed with the pressure cap, the outer wall of the center pipe is installed with the cylinder body, the outer wall of the center pipe is installed with a support ring, the outer wall of the support ring is movably installed with a protective cover, a plurality of limiting shafts are movably installed on the upper end of the support ring, and a plurality of limiting blocks are installed on the inner wall of the protective cover. The protective cover is arranged, the protective cover provides rigid protection for the rubber cylinder in the running stage, the protective cover avoids the scraping and impact of the well wall stone and gravel, prevents the rubber cylinder from being abraded, peeled and damaged and the sealing surface from being damaged, meanwhile, the protective cover can be automatically retracted along with the setting action, does not affect the subsequent expansion sealing of the rubber cylinder, guarantees the safety of the packer in the running process, ensures the reliability of the sealing performance in the setting stage, reduces the risk of the rubber cylinder being prematurely disabled and prolongs the service life of the tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal packers, specifically a large-diameter, high-temperature, high-pressure expansion self-locking metal packer. Background Technology

[0002] Metal packers are core sealing tools in oil wells, suitable for harsh downhole conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and strong corrosion. The core of the packer consists of upper and lower joints, a central tube, a metal sealing cylinder, and a setting and unsetting mechanism. The setting is driven by hydraulic, mechanical, or temperature difference, and the metal sealing surface forms a reliable seal through interference contact. It can withstand temperatures above 300℃ and pressures above 100MPa, and is resistant to acid and H2S corrosion.

[0003] The working process of a metal packer mainly consists of four key steps. First, the packer is lowered into the designed formation along with the tubing string. At this time, the metal sealing cylinder is in a contracted state and does not contact the inner wall of the casing. Second, the setting mechanism is driven by hydraulic, mechanical, or thermal forces to push the cone to axially compress the metal sealing cylinder, causing it to undergo radial outward elastic or plastic deformation. Subsequently, the deformed metal sealing cylinder forms a high-precision surface contact with the inner wall of the casing, achieving a seal through interference fit. At the same time, the locking mechanism locks the position to prevent the sealing element from rebounding, maintaining a long-term sealed state. Finally, if unsealing is required, the tubing string is lifted to cut the pin, releasing the constraint on the sealing cylinder. The metal sealing cylinder elastically resets and detaches from the inner wall of the casing, allowing the packer to be retrieved. The core of the entire process is to achieve sealing through metal deformation, ensuring the smooth progress of operations such as layered mining and fracturing.

[0004] In existing technologies, during the downhole movement and setting process of metal packers, multiple sets of rubber sealing blocks installed on the outer side of the central tube will experience relative sliding friction with the well wall. Due to the complex downhole environment, the well wall often has unevenness, local hard rock particles and debris. During the lowering and movement of the packer, hard rocks and gravel will repeatedly scrape and impact the outer wall of the rubber blocks, causing severe wear, scratches and local peeling of the outer wall of the rubber blocks. This reduces the effective thickness of the rubber blocks, destroys the integrity of the sealing surface, and results in uneven thickness of the rubber blocks. During setting, they cannot fit evenly with the well wall, resulting in a significant decrease in sealing performance. Damage to the sealing surface can easily form micro-gap leakage channels, making it impossible to achieve effective interlayer sealing. The rubber blocks fail prematurely, shortening the service life of the packer and increasing downhole operation risks and rework costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a large-diameter, high-temperature, high-pressure expansion self-locking metal packer to solve the technical problems in the background art mentioned above.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a large-diameter, high-temperature, high-pressure expansion self-locking metal packer, comprising a central tube, a pressure cap, and a cylindrical body, wherein the pressure cap is movably installed on the outer wall of the central tube, and the cylindrical body is installed on the outer wall of the central tube, and the cylindrical body is movably connected to the pressure cap. The upper end of the pressure cap is equipped with an upper connector, and the upper connector is connected to a pipe column. The bottom end of the pressure cap is equipped with multiple sets of upper clamping columns. The upper end of the cylinder is equipped with a support cylinder. The upper end of the cylinder is equipped with multiple sets of lower clamping columns, and the multiple sets of lower clamping columns are movably connected to the multiple sets of upper clamping columns respectively. The outer wall of the support cylinder is movably equipped with a drive ring. The outer wall of the central tube is movably equipped with multiple sets of rubber sleeves and multiple sets of pressure rings, and the multiple sets of rubber sleeves and multiple sets of pressure rings are staggered. The bottom end of the central tube is equipped with a base. A water outlet hole is installed on one side of the base. The bottom end of the base is equipped with a lower connector. A support ring is installed on the outer wall of the central tube, and a protective cover is movably installed on the outer wall of the support ring. Multiple sets of limiting shafts are movably installed on the upper end of the support ring, and the multiple sets of limiting shafts are movably connected to the drive ring. Multiple sets of limiting blocks are installed on the inner wall of the protective cover, and the inner walls of the multiple sets of limiting blocks are threadedly connected to the outer walls of the multiple sets of limiting shafts.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the problem of protection for the rubber sleeve during downhole displacement is solved. During the lowering stage, the protective cover of the metal packer provides rigid protection for the rubber sleeve, avoiding scraping and impact from rocks and gravel on the well wall, effectively preventing wear and peeling of the rubber sleeve and damage to the integrity of the sealing surface. At the same time, the protective cover can automatically retract with the setting action without affecting the subsequent expansion and sealing of the rubber sleeve. This not only ensures the safety of the packer lowering process, but also ensures the reliability of the sealing performance during the setting stage, greatly reducing the risk of premature failure of the rubber sleeve and extending the overall service life of the tool.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that the outer wall of the drive ring has multiple sets of grooves, and the cross-section of each set of grooves is a parallelogram; the inner wall of each set of upper locking posts is provided with protrusions, and the outer wall of each set of protrusions is movably connected to the inner wall of each set of grooves.

[0009] Preferably, the movement of the pressure cap causes multiple sets of upper locking pins to move axially synchronously, thereby causing the protrusions inside the upper locking pins to move together. Since these protrusions are movably connected to the inner walls of multiple sets of grooves opened on the outer wall of the drive ring, and the groove cross-section is designed as a parallelogram, when the protrusions move axially with the upper locking pins, they will generate a lateral component force along the inclined side wall of the groove, thereby pushing the drive ring to rotate circumferentially.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that a drive cylinder is movably installed inside the cylinder body, and one end of the drive cylinder extends into the interior of the support cylinder and is connected to a drive ring, and a ring gear is installed at the bottom end of the drive cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the drive ring rotates, which in turn drives the drive cylinder to rotate, thereby driving the ring gear to rotate.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that a first transmission column and a second transmission column are movably installed inside the cylinder, and the cross-sections of the first transmission column and the second transmission column are both polygonal. A first transmission gear and a second transmission gear are respectively installed on the upper ends of the first transmission column and the second transmission column, and the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear are both meshed with a ring gear.

[0013] Preferably, the ring gear rotates and meshes with the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear, so the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear rotate, thereby driving the first transmission column and the second transmission column to rotate.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that a connecting rod is movably installed inside the cylinder, and movable cylinders are movably installed at both ends of the connecting rod; a first connecting shaft is movably installed inside the cylinder, and a set of inner walls of the movable cylinders are movably connected to the outer wall of the first connecting shaft and the outer wall of the first transmission column.

[0015] Preferably, the first transmission column rotates, and the inner walls of a set of movable cylinders are respectively connected to the outer walls of the first transmission column and the outer walls of the first connecting shaft. Therefore, the first transmission column, the first connecting shaft and the set of movable cylinders are connected, and the set of movable cylinders and the first connecting shaft rotate.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that a first connecting gear is installed at one end of the first connecting shaft, a first limiting gear is installed at one end of a set of limiting shafts, and the first limiting gear is meshed with the first connecting gear, and toothed synchronous belts are respectively provided between the multiple sets of limiting shafts.

[0017] Preferably, the first connecting shaft rotates, thereby driving the first connecting gear to rotate. The first connecting gear meshes with the first limiting gear, so the first limiting gear rotates, thereby driving a set of limiting shafts to rotate. The multiple sets of limiting shafts are connected to each other by toothed synchronous belts, so the multiple sets of limiting shafts rotate synchronously.

[0018] The invention is further configured such that a reserved groove is provided at the bottom end of the cylinder, and the inner wall of the reserved groove is movably connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod; a set of limiting blocks are equipped with support columns on their outer walls; a support plate is installed at the upper end of the support columns; the outer wall of the support plate is movably connected to the inner wall of the reserved groove; and the upper outer wall of the support plate is movably connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod.

[0019] Preferably, during the continuous displacement of the support column and the support plate, the support plate moves into the reserved groove and continues to move. The groove at the upper end of the support plate contacts the outer wall of the connecting rod, and then the support plate pushes the connecting rod to move upward, thereby driving the two sets of movable cylinders to move.

[0020] The invention is further configured such that each of the two sets of movable cylinders has a polygonal hole at its center end that matches the cross-section of the first transmission column and the second transmission column, a second connecting shaft is movably installed inside the cylinder, and the inner wall of the other set of movable cylinders is movably connected to the outer wall of the second connecting shaft and the outer wall of the second transmission column.

[0021] Preferably, another set of movable cylinders connects one end of the second transmission column to one end of the second connecting shaft. The cross-sections of the second transmission column and the second connecting shaft are both polygonal, and the center end of the movable cylinder is provided with a polygonal mating hole corresponding to the cross-sections of the second transmission column and the second connecting shaft. Utilizing the guiding effect of the edges of the polygonal cross-section, when the second transmission column is in a rotating state, the edges of the polygonal cross-section will sweep across the inner hole of the movable cylinder at a certain angular velocity. Once a certain edge contacts the edge of the inner hole, due to the geometric characteristics of the polygon, a tangential component force will be generated at the contact point, which slightly drives the movable cylinder to make circumferential micro-adjustments, so that the edge of its inner hole gradually aligns with the edge of the shaft, thereby achieving automatic phase matching.

[0022] The present invention is further configured such that a second linkage gear is installed at the bottom end of the second linkage shaft, and multiple sets of telescopic cylinders are movably installed at the upper end of the support ring, and toothed synchronous belts are respectively provided between the multiple sets of telescopic cylinders. A second limiting gear is installed at one end of one set of the telescopic cylinders extending into the cylinder body, and the second limiting gear is meshed with the second linkage gear.

[0023] Preferably, the second linkage shaft rotates, driving the second linkage gear to rotate. The second linkage gear meshes with the second limit gear, and the second limit gear rotates, thereby driving a set of telescopic cylinders to rotate. The multiple sets of telescopic cylinders are connected to each other by toothed synchronous belts, so the multiple sets of telescopic cylinders rotate synchronously.

[0024] The present invention is further configured such that each of the multiple sets of telescopic cylinders has a telescopic column movably installed inside, and the inner walls of the multiple sets of telescopic cylinders are respectively threadedly connected to the outer walls of the multiple sets of telescopic columns. A pressure plate is movably installed at the bottom end of the support ring, and one end of each of the multiple sets of telescopic columns is connected to the pressure plate.

[0025] Preferably, multiple sets of telescopic cylinders rotate synchronously, and the inner walls of the multiple sets of telescopic cylinders are threadedly connected to the outer walls of the multiple sets of telescopic columns, so the multiple sets of telescopic columns are displaced, thereby driving the pressure plate to be displaced.

[0026] In summary, the present invention has the following main beneficial effects: 1. This invention solves the problem of protecting the rubber sleeve during downhole displacement by incorporating a protective cover. During the lowering phase of the metal packer, the protective cover provides rigid protection for the rubber sleeve, preventing scratches and impacts from rocks and gravel on the well wall. This effectively prevents wear, peeling, and damage to the integrity of the sealing surface. At the same time, the protective cover can automatically retract with the setting action, without affecting the subsequent expansion and sealing of the rubber sleeve. This ensures both the safety of the packer lowering process and the reliability of the sealing performance during the setting phase, significantly reducing the risk of premature rubber sleeve failure and extending the overall service life of the tool.

[0027] 2. This invention, by setting a second transmission column, a second connecting shaft, and a movable cylinder, with the polygonal cross-sections of the second transmission column and the second connecting shaft engaging with the polygonal mating holes of the movable cylinder, utilizes the guiding and automatic alignment characteristics of the polygonal edges to smoothly complete the connection even when the second transmission column is rotating, achieving seamless switching of the transmission path. This structure eliminates the need for an additional phase alignment device, simplifies downhole operation procedures, ensures the continuity and stability of power transmission during the packer setting process, and improves the success rate and reliability of packer setting under complex working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the metal packer in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure cap in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cylindrical body in this invention; Figure 4 This is a side sectional view of the protective cover in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support column in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the reserved slot in the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drive cylinder in the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the ring tooth ring in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod in the present invention; Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the connecting rod in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the first linkage shaft in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the second linkage shaft in this invention.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Central tube; 2. Upper connector; 3. Pressure cap; 4. Upper locking post; 5. Support cylinder; 6. Cylinder body; 7. Lower locking post; 8. Support ring; 9. Rubber tube; 10. Base; 11. Water outlet; 12. Lower connector; 13. Drive ring; 14. Drive cylinder; 15. Ring gear; 16. First transmission column; 17. First transmission gear; 18. Second transmission column; 19. Second transmission gear; 20. First connecting shaft; 21. First connecting gear; 22. Second connecting shaft; 23. Second connecting gear; 24. Connecting rod; 25. Auxiliary ring; 26. Movable cylinder; 27. Limiting shaft; 28. First limiting gear; 29. ​​Telescopic cylinder; 30. Second limiting gear; 31. Telescopic column; 32. Pressure plate; 33. Pressure ring; 34. Protective cover; 35. Limiting block; 36. Support column; 37. Support plate; 38. Reserved slot. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described.

[0032] A large-diameter, high-temperature, high-pressure expansion self-locking metal packer, such as Figure 1 - Figure 12 As shown, it includes a central tube 1, a pressure cap 3, and a cylinder 6. The pressure cap 3 is movably installed on the outer wall of the central tube 1, and the cylinder 6 is installed on the outer wall of the central tube 1, and the cylinder 6 is movably connected to the pressure cap 3. The upper end of the pressure cap 3 is equipped with an upper connector 2, and the upper connector 2 is connected to a pipe column. The bottom end of the pressure cap 3 is equipped with multiple sets of upper clamping columns 4. The upper end of the cylinder 6 is equipped with a support cylinder 5. The upper end of the cylinder 6 is equipped with multiple sets of lower clamping columns 7, and the multiple sets of lower clamping columns 7 are movably connected to the multiple sets of upper clamping columns 4 respectively. The outer wall of the support cylinder 5 is movably equipped with a drive ring 13. The outer wall of the central tube 1 is movably equipped with multiple sets of rubber sleeves 9 and multiple sets of pressure rings 33, and the multiple sets of rubber sleeves 9 and multiple sets of pressure rings 33 are staggered. The bottom end of the central tube 1 is equipped with a base 10. The side of the base 10 is equipped with a water outlet hole 11. The bottom end of the base 10 is equipped with a lower connector 12. A support ring 8 is installed on the outer wall of the central tube 1. A protective cover 34 is movably installed on the outer wall of the support ring 8. Multiple sets of limiting shafts 27 are movably installed on the upper end of the support ring 8, and the multiple sets of limiting shafts 27 are movably connected to the drive ring 13. Multiple sets of limiting blocks 35 are installed on the inner wall of the protective cover 34, and the inner walls of the multiple sets of limiting blocks 35 are threadedly connected to the outer walls of the multiple sets of limiting shafts 27. During the lowering stage of the metal packer, the protective cover 34 provides rigid protection for the rubber sleeve 9, avoiding the scraping and impact of rocks and gravel on the well wall, effectively preventing the rubber sleeve from wearing out, peeling off, and the integrity of the sealing surface from being damaged. At the same time, the protective cover can automatically retract with the setting action, without affecting the subsequent expansion and sealing of the rubber sleeve.

[0033] Please see Figure 2 - Figure 8 The outer wall of the drive ring 13 has multiple sets of grooves, and the cross-section of each set of grooves is parallelogram. The inner wall of each set of upper locking posts 4 is provided with protrusions, and the outer wall of each set of protrusions is movably connected to the inner wall of each set of grooves. The movement of the pressure cap 3 drives the multiple sets of upper locking posts 4 to generate axial displacement synchronously, thereby driving the protrusions inside the upper locking posts 4 to move together. Since these protrusions are movably connected to the inner wall of the multiple sets of grooves on the outer wall of the drive ring 13, and the groove cross-section is designed as a parallelogram, when the protrusions move axially with the upper locking posts 4, they will generate a lateral component force along the inclined side wall of the groove, thereby pushing the drive ring 13 to rotate circumferentially.

[0034] Please see Figure 7 - Figure 8 A drive cylinder 14 is movably installed inside the cylinder 6, and one end of the drive cylinder 14 extends into the support cylinder 5 and is connected to the drive ring 13. A ring gear 15 is installed at the bottom of the drive cylinder 14. When the drive ring 13 rotates, it drives the drive cylinder 14 to rotate, thereby driving the ring gear 15 to rotate.

[0035] Please see Figure 7 - Figure 9 The first transmission column 16 and the second transmission column 18 are movably installed inside the cylinder 6. The cross-sections of the first transmission column 16 and the second transmission column 18 are both polygonal. The upper ends of the first transmission column 16 and the second transmission column 18 are respectively equipped with the first transmission gear 17 and the second transmission gear 19. The first transmission gear 17 and the second transmission gear 19 are both meshed with the ring gear 15. When the ring gear 15 rotates, it meshes with the first transmission gear 17 and the second transmission gear 19. Therefore, when the first transmission gear 17 and the second transmission gear 19 rotate, they drive the first transmission column 16 and the second transmission column 18 to rotate.

[0036] Please see Figure 7 - Figure 10A connecting rod 24 is movably installed inside the cylinder 6. Movable cylinders 26 are movably installed at both ends of the connecting rod 24. A first connecting shaft 20 is movably installed inside the cylinder 6. The inner wall of a set of movable cylinders 26 is movably connected to the outer wall of the first connecting shaft 20 and the outer wall of the first transmission column 16. When the first transmission column 16 rotates, the inner wall of a set of movable cylinders 26 is connected to the outer wall of the first transmission column 16 and the outer wall of the first connecting shaft 20 respectively. Therefore, the first transmission column 16, the first connecting shaft 20 and a set of movable cylinders 26 are in a connected state, so the set of movable cylinders 26 and the first connecting shaft 20 rotate.

[0037] Please see Figure 7 - Figure 11 A first connecting shaft 20 is equipped with a first connecting gear 21 at one end, and a set of limiting shafts 27 is equipped with a first limiting gear 28 at one end. The first limiting gear 28 is meshed with the first connecting gear 21. The multiple sets of limiting shafts 27 are connected by toothed synchronous belts. When the first connecting shaft 20 rotates, it drives the first connecting gear 21 to rotate. The first connecting gear 21 is meshed with the first limiting gear 28. Therefore, when the first limiting gear 28 rotates, it drives the set of limiting shafts 27 to rotate. The multiple sets of limiting shafts 27 are connected by toothed synchronous belts, so the multiple sets of limiting shafts 27 rotate synchronously.

[0038] Please see Figure 6 - Figure 10 The bottom end of the cylinder 6 is provided with a reserved groove 38, and the inner wall of the reserved groove 38 is movably connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod 24. A set of limiting blocks 35 are equipped with a support column 36 on their outer wall. A support plate 37 is installed on the upper end of the support column 26, and the outer wall of the support plate 37 is movably connected to the inner wall of the reserved groove 38. The upper outer wall of the support plate 37 is movably connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod 24. During the continuous displacement of the support column 36 and the support plate 37, the support plate 37 moves into the interior of the reserved groove 38. The support plate 37 continues to move, and the upper groove of the support plate 37 contacts the outer wall of the connecting rod 24. Then the support plate 37 pushes the connecting rod 24 to move upward, thereby driving the two sets of movable cylinders 26 to move.

[0039] Please see Figure 9 - Figure 10Both sets of movable cylinders 26 have polygonal holes at their center ends that match the cross-sections of the first transmission column 16 and the second transmission column 18. A second connecting shaft 22 is movably installed inside the cylinder body 6. The inner wall of the other set of movable cylinders 26 is movably connected to the outer wall of the second connecting shaft 22 and the outer wall of the second transmission column 18. The other set of movable cylinders 26 connects one end of the second transmission column 18 to one end of the second connecting shaft 22. The cross-sections of the second transmission column 18 and the second connecting shaft 22 are both polygonal. The center end of the movable cylinder 26 has polygonal mating holes that correspond to the cross-sections of the second transmission column 18 and the second connecting shaft 22. Utilizing the guiding effect of the edges of the polygonal cross-sections, when the second transmission column 18 is rotating, the edges of the polygonal cross-sections will sweep across the inner hole of the movable cylinder 26 at a certain angular velocity. Once an edge contacts the edge of the inner hole, due to the geometric characteristics of the polygon, a tangential component force will be generated at the contact point, which slightly drives the movable cylinder itself to make circumferential micro-adjustments, so that the edge of its inner hole gradually aligns with the edge of the shaft, achieving automatic phase matching.

[0040] Please see Figure 8 - Figure 12 The second linkage shaft 22 is equipped with a second linkage gear 23 at its bottom end. Multiple sets of telescopic cylinders 29 are movably installed on the upper end of the support ring 8, and the multiple sets of telescopic cylinders 29 are connected by toothed synchronous belts. One set of telescopic cylinders 29 extends into the cylinder body 6 and is equipped with a second limiting gear 30 at one end. The second limiting gear 30 is meshed with the second linkage gear 23. When the second linkage shaft 22 rotates, it drives the second linkage gear 23 to rotate. The second linkage gear 23 is meshed with the second limiting gear 30. When the second limiting gear 30 rotates, it drives the set of telescopic cylinders 29 to rotate. The multiple sets of telescopic cylinders 29 are connected by toothed synchronous belts, so the multiple sets of telescopic cylinders 29 rotate synchronously.

[0041] Please see Figure 8 - Figure 12 Each of the multiple sets of telescopic cylinders 29 has a telescopic column 31 movably installed inside, and the inner walls of the multiple sets of telescopic cylinders 29 are threadedly connected to the outer walls of the multiple sets of telescopic columns 31. A pressure plate 32 is movably installed at the bottom of the support ring 8, and one end of each of the multiple sets of telescopic columns 31 is connected to the pressure plate 32. The multiple sets of telescopic cylinders 29 rotate synchronously, and the inner walls of the multiple sets of telescopic cylinders 29 are threadedly connected to the outer walls of the multiple sets of telescopic columns 31. Therefore, the multiple sets of telescopic columns 31 are displaced, thereby driving the pressure plate 32 to be displaced.

[0042] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When the metal packer is lowered into the designed formation along with the tubing string and enters the setting preparation stage, during the movement of the metal packer, the protective cover 34 protects the outer walls of the multiple sets of rubber sleeves 9, preventing hard rocks and gravel from repeatedly scraping and impacting the outer walls of the multiple sets of rubber sleeves 9 during their movement. This would prevent severe wear, scratches, and localized peeling of the outer walls of the multiple sets of rubber sleeves 9, which would reduce the effective thickness of the multiple sets of rubber sleeves 9 and damage the integrity of the sealing surface. The operator lifts the tubing string using the surface equipment, then rotates the tubing string clockwise, and then lowers the tubing string. The torque is transmitted through the tubing string to the pressure cap 3 of the packer, and continues to rotate. Simultaneously, the tubing is lowered. Driven by the combined axial and circumferential motion, the pressure cap 3 first moves upward along the axial direction, then rotates with the tubing, and then moves downward along the axial direction, forming a combined motion process of "lifting, rotating and lowering". The movement of the pressure cap 3 drives multiple sets of upper clamping posts 4 to move axially in sync, thereby driving the protrusions inside the upper clamping posts 4 to move together. Since these protrusions are movably connected to the inner walls of multiple sets of grooves on the outer wall of the drive ring 13, and the groove cross-section is designed as a parallelogram, when the protrusions move axially with the upper clamping posts 4, they will generate a lateral component force along the inclined side wall of the groove, thereby pushing the drive ring 13 to rotate circumferentially. When the drive ring 13 rotates, it drives the drive cylinder 14 to rotate, which in turn drives the ring gear 15 to rotate. The ring gear 15 meshes with the first transmission gear 17 and the second transmission gear 19, so the first transmission gear 17 and the second transmission gear 19 rotate, which in turn drives the first transmission column 16 and the second transmission column 18 to rotate. When the first transmission column 16 rotates, the inner wall of a set of movable cylinders 26 is connected to the outer wall of the first transmission column 16 and the outer wall of the first connecting shaft 20, respectively. Therefore, the first transmission column 16, the first connecting shaft 20 and the set of movable cylinders 26 are connected. Thus, the set of movable cylinders 26 and the first connecting shaft 20 rotate, thereby driving the first connecting gear 21 to rotate. The first connecting gear 21 meshes with the first limiting gear 28, so the first limiting gear 28 rotates, thereby driving a set of limiting shafts 27 to rotate. The multiple sets of limiting shafts 27 are connected to each other by toothed synchronous belts, so the multiple sets of limiting shafts 27 rotate synchronously. The outer walls of the multiple sets of limiting shafts 27 are threadedly connected to the inner walls of the multiple sets of limiting blocks 35, so the multiple sets of limiting blocks 35 move upward, thereby driving the protective cover 34, the support column 36 and the support plate 37 to move. The protective cover 34 continues to move, and the bottom end of the protective cover 34 moves to the outer wall area of ​​the support ring 8. As the support column 36 and the support plate 37 continue to move, the support plate 37 moves into the reserved groove 38. The support plate 37 continues to move, and the groove at the upper end of the support plate 37 contacts the outer wall of the connecting rod 24. Then the support plate 37 pushes the connecting rod 24 to move upward, thereby driving the two sets of movable cylinders 26 to move, so that one end of one set of movable cylinders 26 is separated from the first connecting shaft 20, and the first connecting shaft 20 stops rotating. Another set of movable cylinders 26 connects one end of the second transmission column 18 to one end of the second connecting shaft 22. The cross-sections of the second transmission column 18 and the second connecting shaft 22 are both polygonal, and the center end of the movable cylinder 26 is provided with a polygonal mating hole corresponding to the cross-sections of the second transmission column 18 and the second connecting shaft 22. Utilizing the guiding effect of the edges of the polygonal cross-section, when the second transmission column 18 is in a rotating state, the edges of the polygonal cross-section will sweep across the inner hole of the movable cylinder 26 at a certain angular velocity. Once a certain edge contacts the edge of the inner hole, due to the geometric characteristics of the polygon, a tangential component force will be generated at the contact point, which will slightly drive the movable cylinder itself to make circumferential micro-adjustments, so that the edges of its inner hole and the edges of the shaft gradually align, realizing automatic phase matching. This enables the movable cylinder 26 to automatically align and smoothly engage when the second transmission column 18 is in a rotating state. The second transmission column 18 drives the other set of movable cylinders 26 and the second connecting shaft 22 to rotate. When the second linkage shaft 22 rotates, it drives the second linkage gear 23 to rotate. The second linkage gear 23 meshes with the second limit gear 30. The second limit gear 30 rotates, thereby driving a set of telescopic cylinders 29 to rotate. Multiple sets of telescopic cylinders 29 are connected to each other by toothed synchronous belts, so multiple sets of telescopic cylinders 29 rotate synchronously. The inner walls of multiple sets of telescopic cylinders 29 are threadedly connected to the outer walls of multiple sets of telescopic columns 31, so multiple sets of telescopic columns 31 are displaced, thereby driving the pressure plate 32 to displace. The pressure plate 32 cooperates with the base 10 to generate pressure on multiple sets of rubber cylinders 9 and pressure ring 33. After being pressed, multiple sets of rubber cylinders 9 expand outward. The outer walls of the expanded multiple sets of rubber cylinders 9 fit against the inner wall of the well wall, completing the sealing operation of the metal packer.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the invention and are not intended to limit it. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions, and variations to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such modifications, substitutions, and variations are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-diameter, high-temperature, high-pressure expansion self-locking metal packer, comprising a central tube (1), a pressure cap (3), and a cylinder (6), characterized in that: A pressure cap (3) is movably installed on the outer wall of the central tube (1), and a cylinder (6) is installed on the outer wall of the central tube (1), and the cylinder (6) is movably connected to the pressure cap (3); The upper end of the pressure cap (3) is equipped with an upper connector (2), and the upper connector (2) is connected to a pipe column. The bottom end of the pressure cap (3) is equipped with multiple sets of upper clamping columns (4). The upper end of the cylinder (6) is equipped with a support cylinder (5). The upper end of the cylinder (6) is equipped with multiple sets of lower clamping columns (7), and the multiple sets of lower clamping columns (7) are movably connected to the multiple sets of upper clamping columns (4). The outer wall of the support cylinder (5) is movably equipped with a drive ring (13). The outer wall of the central tube (1) is movably equipped with multiple sets of rubber sleeves (9) and multiple sets of pressure rings (33), and the multiple sets of rubber sleeves (9) and multiple sets of pressure rings (33) are staggered. The bottom end of the central tube (1) is equipped with a base (10). The side of the base (10) is equipped with a water outlet (11). The bottom end of the base (10) is equipped with a lower connector (12). A support ring (8) is installed on the outer wall of the central tube (1). A protective cover (34) is movably installed on the outer wall of the support ring (8). Multiple sets of limiting shafts (27) are movably installed on the upper end of the support ring (8), and the multiple sets of limiting shafts (27) are movably connected to the drive ring (13). Multiple sets of limiting blocks (35) are installed on the inner wall of the protective cover (34), and the inner walls of the multiple sets of limiting blocks (35) are threadedly connected to the outer walls of the multiple sets of limiting shafts (27).

2. The large-diameter, high-temperature, high-pressure expansion self-locking metal packer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the drive ring (13) has multiple sets of grooves, and the cross-section of each set of grooves is a parallelogram. The inner wall of each set of upper locking posts (4) is provided with protrusions, and the outer wall of each set of protrusions is movably connected to the inner wall of each set of grooves.

3. The large-diameter, high-temperature, high-pressure expansion self-locking metal packer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive cylinder (14) is movably installed inside the cylinder (6), and one end of the drive cylinder (14) extends into the support cylinder (5) and is connected to the drive ring (13). A ring gear (15) is installed at the bottom of the drive cylinder (14).

4. A large-diameter, high-temperature, high-pressure expansion self-locking metal packer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cylinder (6) is movably installed with a first transmission column (16) and a second transmission column (18), and the cross-sections of the first transmission column (16) and the second transmission column (18) are both polygonal. The upper ends of the first transmission column (16) and the second transmission column (18) are respectively equipped with a first transmission gear (17) and a second transmission gear (19), and the first transmission gear (17) and the second transmission gear (19) are both meshed with the ring gear (15).

5. A large-diameter, high-temperature, high-pressure expansion self-locking metal packer according to claim 4, characterized in that: A connecting rod (24) is movably installed inside the cylinder (6). Movable cylinders (26) are movably installed at both ends of the connecting rod (24). A first connecting shaft (20) is movably installed inside the cylinder (6). The inner wall of a set of movable cylinders (26) is movably connected to the outer wall of the first connecting shaft (20) and the outer wall of the first transmission column (16).

6. A large-diameter, high-temperature, high-pressure expansion self-locking metal packer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first connecting shaft (20) is equipped with a first connecting gear (21) at one end, and a set of limiting shafts (27) is equipped with a first limiting gear (28) at one end. The first limiting gear (28) meshes with the first connecting gear (21), and toothed synchronous belts are respectively provided between the multiple sets of limiting shafts (27).

7. A large-diameter, high-temperature, high-pressure expansion self-locking metal packer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom end of the cylinder (6) is provided with a reserved groove (38), and the inner wall of the reserved groove (38) is movably connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod (24). A set of limiting blocks (35) are equipped with a support column (36) on the outer wall. The upper end of the support column (26) is equipped with a support plate (37), and the outer wall of the support plate (37) is movably connected to the inner wall of the reserved groove (38). The upper outer wall of the support plate (37) is movably connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod (24).

8. A large-diameter, high-temperature, high-pressure expansion self-locking metal packer according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both sets of movable cylinders (26) have polygonal holes at their center ends that match the cross sections of the first transmission column (16) and the second transmission column (18). The second connecting shaft (22) is movably installed inside the cylinder (6), and the inner wall of the other set of movable cylinders (26) is movably connected to the outer wall of the second connecting shaft (22) and the outer wall of the second transmission column (18).

9. A large-diameter, high-temperature, high-pressure expansion self-locking metal packer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second linkage shaft (22) is equipped with a second linkage gear (23) at its bottom end. Multiple sets of telescopic cylinders (29) are movably installed on the upper end of the support ring (8). The multiple sets of telescopic cylinders (29) are connected by toothed synchronous belts. One set of the telescopic cylinders (29) extends into the cylinder body (6) and is equipped with a second limiting gear (30) at one end. The second limiting gear (30) meshes with the second linkage gear (23).

10. A large-diameter, high-temperature, high-pressure expansion self-locking metal packer according to claim 9, characterized in that: Each of the multiple sets of telescopic cylinders (29) has a telescopic column (31) movably installed inside, and the inner wall of each set of telescopic cylinders (29) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of each set of telescopic columns (31). The bottom end of the support ring (8) is movably installed with a pressure plate (32), and one end of each set of telescopic columns (31) is connected to the pressure plate (32).

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