Air outlet active valve and piezoelectric air charging pump

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of micropump technology, and particularly to an active exhaust valve and a piezoelectric air pump. The active exhaust valve includes a housing, a piezoelectric element, and a deformable element. The deformable element and the piezoelectric element are disposed within the housing. The housing has a first flow channel and a vent hole. The piezoelectric element is connected to the deformable element and is used to change the shape of the deformable element. The deformable element has a vent portion aligned with the vent hole, which is used to connect to the external environment. The piezoelectric element has a de-energized state, in which the vent portion blocks the vent hole to prevent gas from the first flow channel from entering the vent hole. The piezoelectric element also has an energized state, in which the vent portion retracts from the vent hole to connect the first flow channel with the vent hole. The main objective of this invention is to provide an active exhaust valve that replaces the intake oscillator in both the pressure holding and exhaust states, avoiding continuous operation of the intake oscillator and thus reducing the energy consumption of the piezoelectric air pump.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of micropump technology, and in particular to an active air outlet valve and a piezoelectric air pump. Background Technology

[0002] Piezoelectric air pumps typically involve three basic operating processes: inflation, pressure stabilization, and deflation. After inflation, the equipment usually needs to maintain a certain static pressure to keep the system pressure stable; while in non-operating states, rapid depressurization is required to ensure equipment safety and extend its service life.

[0003] In existing technologies, piezoelectric air pumps typically control gas intake and exhaust through a single piezoelectric vibrator: during the inflation phase, a high voltage is applied to the vibrator to induce vibration and achieve gas intake, indirectly controlling the exhaust process; during the pressure stabilization phase, a lower voltage is continuously applied to maintain pressure balance. This control method requires continuous vibration of the piezoelectric vibrator during both inflation and pressure stabilization, resulting in high overall power consumption and heat loss, affecting energy efficiency and system stability. When the pump stops working and the excitation signal is removed, passive exhaust is achieved by relying on the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pump body.

[0004] Therefore, existing piezoelectric air pumps cannot avoid the continuous operation of the oscillator during the pressure stabilization and maintenance phase, resulting in problems such as high energy consumption and difficulty in thermal management. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide an active exhaust valve, which aims to replace the intake oscillator in working during the pressure holding and exhaust states, thereby avoiding continuous operation of the intake oscillator and reducing the energy consumption of the piezoelectric air pump.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes an active vent valve comprising a housing, a piezoelectric element, and a deformable element. The deformable element and the piezoelectric element are disposed in the housing. The housing has a first flow channel and a vent hole. The piezoelectric element is connected to the deformable element and is used to change the shape of the deformable element. The deformable element has a venting portion, which is aligned with the vent hole. The vent hole is used to connect to the external environment.

[0007] The piezoelectric element has a power-off state. In the power-off state, the venting part blocks the vent hole to prevent gas from the first flow channel from entering the vent hole. The piezoelectric element is in an energized state. In the energized state, the venting part retracts the vent hole so that the first flow channel communicates with the vent hole.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the deformable member has a receiving space, the piezoelectric member is disposed in the receiving space, the deformable member includes at least one deformable segment, and the venting portion is provided on the side of one of the deformable segments facing the vent hole; The piezoelectric element can change the shape of the deformable element to drive the vent portion to move toward or away from the vent hole.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, each of the deformation segments includes a first deformation portion, a second deformation portion and a third deformation portion, the venting portion is disposed on the second deformation portion, the two ends of the second deformation portion are respectively connected to the first deformation portion and the second deformation portion, a first deformation angle is provided between the second deformation portion and the first deformation portion, and a second deformation angle is provided between the second deformation portion and the third deformation portion. The first deformation angle and the second deformation angle are greater than degrees and less than degrees.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the deformable member includes two deformable segments and two connecting segments, the two connecting segments and the two deformable segments being connected in sequence to form the accommodating space; The two deformation segments are aligned along a first direction, and one of the deformation segments near the vent hole is provided with a venting part, which is movable along the first direction.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the active vent valve includes two deformable elements and a connecting beam. The two deformable elements are spaced apart along a first direction. The connecting beam is located between the two deformable elements and connects to a deformable segment of each deformable element. There is an air passage space between the two deformable elements, and the air passage space can connect the first flow channel and the vent hole. Each of the deformable components is provided with a receiving space, and each of the two receiving spaces is provided with a piezoelectric component.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the vent valve further includes a fixed cantilever, which is fixedly disposed on the inner side wall of the housing. The fixed cantilever is connected to a deformation section disposed away from the vent hole, so that the two deformation elements are suspended in the housing.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fixed cantilever, the connecting beam, the venting portion, and the venting hole are arranged along the first direction.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the active exhaust valve further includes a stress concentration member, which is located between the piezoelectric element and the deformation element. The stress concentration member has a first contact surface and a second contact surface, the first contact surface being connected to the piezoelectric element and the second contact surface being connected to the connecting section. The first contact surface and the second contact surface are aligned along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the active exhaust valve further includes a one-way valve plate, the one-way valve plate being movably disposed in the housing, the housing being provided with a second flow hole, the one-way valve plate being provided with a one-way hole, and the first flow channel communicating with the one-way hole; When the one-way valve plate abuts against the inner wall of the housing, the one-way valve plate blocks the second flow hole; When the one-way valve plate is misaligned with the inner wall of the housing, the one-way hole connects to the second flow hole.

[0016] The present invention also proposes a piezoelectric air pump, the piezoelectric air pump comprising an air intake assembly, an air intake vibrator, and an air outlet active valve as described in any one of the above; The air intake assembly has an air inlet and an air intake cavity communicating with the air inlet, the air inlet being located on one side of the air intake assembly; The intake oscillator is disposed in the intake cavity and is configured to change the pressure of the intake cavity by moving. The active exhaust valve is located on the side of the intake assembly facing away from the intake port; The piezoelectric air pump has an air intake state, a pressure holding state, and an air outlet state; in the air intake state, the air inlet is open, the piezoelectric element is de-energized, and the air inlet is connected to the first flow channel; in the pressure holding state, the air inlet is closed, and the piezoelectric element is de-energized; in the air outlet state, the air inlet is closed, and the piezoelectric element is energized.

[0017] In this technical solution, the active exhaust valve provided by the present invention employs a housing, a piezoelectric element, and a deformable element. A first flow channel and a vent hole are provided on the housing, and the deformable element has a vent portion aligned with the vent hole. The piezoelectric element changes the shape of the deformable element to control the fit between the vent portion and the vent hole. This solves the problems of high energy consumption, large heat loss, and poor energy efficiency and stability caused by the continuous operation of the intake oscillator during the pressure stabilization phase in existing piezoelectric air pumps. Specifically, when the active exhaust valve is de-energized, the piezoelectric element is not excited, and the vent portion blocks the vent hole, preventing communication between the first flow channel and the vent hole. At this time, the active exhaust valve can operate in conjunction with the air pump. The airbag forms an integral sealed assembly, thereby achieving pressure stabilization of the air chamber. When the active exhaust valve is energized, the piezoelectric element is excited, changing the shape of the deformable element. The venting part can retract the vent hole, allowing the first flow channel to connect with the vent hole. At this time, the gas in the inflatable airbag can pass through the first flow channel and the vent hole in sequence and be discharged from the vent hole. By decoupling the pressure stabilization and exhaust functions originally undertaken by the intake oscillator to the active exhaust valve, the intake oscillator only works during the inflation phase and stops working during the pressure stabilization and exhaust phases. This significantly reduces the overall power consumption of the system, reduces heat generation, and significantly improves energy efficiency and system stability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the active air outlet valve provided by the present invention; Figure 2 An exploded view of an embodiment of the active exhaust valve provided by the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A sectional view; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the deformable component provided by the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the stress concentration member provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the engagement of the one-way valve plate and the housing in one state, as provided by the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the one-way valve plate and the housing in another state, as provided by the present invention. Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the piezoelectric air pump provided by the present invention; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the airflow during the intake phase of the piezoelectric air pump provided by the present invention; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the airflow during the pressure stabilization phase of the piezoelectric air pump provided by the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow during the depressurization stage of the piezoelectric air pump provided by the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of icon numbers: 1. Intake assembly; 1a. Intake port; 1b. Intake chamber; 2. Intake oscillator; 3. Active exhaust valve; 31. Housing; 31a. First flow passage; 31b. Vent hole; 31c. Second flow hole; 32. Piezoelectric element; 33. Deformation element; 33a. Accommodation space; 331. Deformation section; 3311. First deformation part; 3312. Second deformation part; 3313. Third deformation part; 332. Connecting section; 34. Vent part; 35. Connecting beam; 36. Fixed cantilever; 37. Stress concentration element; 38. One-way valve plate; 38a. One-way hole.

[0021] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0024] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this invention is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of a person skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0025] Piezoelectric air pumps typically involve three basic operating processes: inflation, pressure stabilization, and deflation. After inflation, the equipment usually needs to maintain a certain static pressure to keep the system pressure stable; while in non-operating states, rapid depressurization is required to ensure equipment safety and extend its service life.

[0026] In existing technologies, piezoelectric air pumps typically control gas intake and exhaust through a single piezoelectric vibrator: during the inflation phase, a high voltage is applied to the vibrator to induce vibration and achieve gas intake, indirectly controlling the exhaust process; during the pressure stabilization phase, a lower voltage is continuously applied to maintain pressure balance. This control method requires continuous vibration of the piezoelectric vibrator during both inflation and pressure stabilization, resulting in high overall power consumption and heat loss, affecting energy efficiency and system stability. When the pump stops working and the excitation signal is removed, passive exhaust is achieved by relying on the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pump body.

[0027] Therefore, existing piezoelectric air pumps cannot avoid the continuous operation of the oscillator during the pressure stabilization and maintenance phase, resulting in problems such as high energy consumption and difficulty in thermal management.

[0028] The main objective of this invention is to provide an active exhaust valve 3, which aims to replace the intake oscillator 2 in the pressure holding and exhaust states by setting the active exhaust valve 3, thereby avoiding the continuous operation of the intake oscillator 2 and reducing the energy consumption of the piezoelectric air pump.

[0029] To achieve the above objectives, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The present invention proposes an active venting valve 3 comprising a housing 31, a piezoelectric element 32, and a deformation element 33. The deformation element 33 and the piezoelectric element 32 are disposed in the housing 31. The housing 31 has a first flow channel 31a and a vent hole 31b. The piezoelectric element 32 is connected to the deformation element 33 and is used to change the shape of the deformation element 33. The deformation element 33 has a venting part 34, which is aligned with the vent hole 31b. The vent hole 31b is used to connect to the external environment. The piezoelectric element 32 has a de-energized state. In the de-energized state, the venting part 34 blocks the vent hole 31b to prevent gas from the first flow channel 31a from entering the vent hole 31b. The piezoelectric element 32 has an energized state. In the energized state, the venting part 34 retracts the vent hole 31b to connect the first flow channel 31a with the vent hole 31b.

[0030] The proposed active exhaust valve 3 is applied to a piezoelectric air pump, a micro-piezoelectric pump that utilizes the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials to achieve gas compression and transportation. Its core working principle is as follows: when an alternating voltage is applied to the piezoelectric vibrator (usually composed of a composite of piezoelectric ceramic and a metal substrate), the vibrator generates high-frequency mechanical bending vibration. This vibration causes a periodic change in the pump chamber volume—when the pump chamber volume expands, the internal air pressure decreases, the inlet valve opens, and external gas is drawn in; when the pump chamber volume shrinks, the internal air pressure increases, the exhaust valve opens, and gas is expelled. Through the unidirectional flow guidance of the inlet and outlet valves, combined with the continuous vibration of the piezoelectric vibrator, directional flow of gas from the inlet 1a to the outlet can be achieved, thereby completing the inflation operation of the target container (such as an inflatable airbag, tire, or air cushion).

[0031] Specifically, the active exhaust valve 3 mainly comprises three components: housing 31, piezoelectric element 32, and deformation element 33.

[0032] The housing 31 serves as the external support structure and the main body of the internal accommodating space 33a for the active exhaust valve 3. The interior of the housing 31 contains cavities for installing and accommodating other components. These cavities also temporarily store gas from the target container. For example, during the pressure stabilization phase, when the gas pressure in the target container exceeds the pressure in the cavity, some gas from the target container can flow into the cavity. During the venting phase, the gas pressure in the target container can be released to the external environment sequentially through the target container's nozzle, the first flow channel 31a, the cavity, and the vent hole 31b. The side wall of the housing 31 has at least two key fluid channels: the first flow channel 31a, which connects to the internal cavity of the airbag or chamber to be inflated, serving as the inlet path for gas to enter the active exhaust valve 3 from the airbag cavity; and the vent hole 31b, which directly connects to the external environment, providing an outlet for gas to escape from inside the valve body to the outside.

[0033] The piezoelectric element 32 is the core power component driving the entire valve's operation. Common piezoelectric elements 32 include piezoelectric ceramic sheets or piezoelectric polymer films, which can be fabricated as single-crystal, double-crystal, or stacked structures, without limitation here. The piezoelectric element 32 is disposed in the housing 31 and connected to the deformation element 33. The piezoelectric element 32 exhibits piezoelectric effect characteristics; when a voltage is applied to it (energized state), it undergoes mechanical deformation or displacement; when the voltage is removed (de-energized state), it returns to its original shape. This ability to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy allows it to serve as the power source driving the deformation element 33.

[0034] The deformable element 33 is also disposed within the housing 31 and connected to the piezoelectric element 32, thus enabling it to change its shape in response to the deformation of the piezoelectric element 32. The deformable element 33 itself can possess a certain degree of elasticity or flexibility to undergo shape changes under the action of external force (from the piezoelectric element 32). A venting portion 34 is specifically provided on the deformable element 33, the position of which corresponds to the venting hole 31b on the housing 31, i.e., the two are in a matching fit. This venting portion 34 can typically be designed as a protrusion, valve plug, or sealing surface that matches the shape of the venting hole 31b to achieve reliable sealing of the venting hole 31b.

[0035] Based on the above structure, the operating state of the active exhaust valve 3 is switched by whether the piezoelectric element 32 is energized or not. When the piezoelectric element 32 is de-energized, it does not generate any driving action, and the deformation element 33 remains in its natural state. At this time, the venting part 34 on the deformation element 33 presses against and blocks the venting hole 31b, forming a seal. In this state, even if there is high-pressure gas in the first flow channel 31a, it cannot leak through the venting hole 31b, thereby blocking the connection between the airbag cavity and the external environment, thus achieving pressure stabilization of the target container.

[0036] When the piezoelectric element 32 is switched to the energized state, it deforms due to the applied voltage. This deformation directly acts on the connected deformable element 33, forcing it to overcome its own resistance and change shape. As the shape of the deformable element 33 changes, the venting portion 34 on it will also shift, that is, it will retract or move away from its original position blocking the venting hole 31b. Please refer to... Figure 3 After the venting section 34 retracts, the vent hole 31b is no longer blocked, and the first flow channel 31a establishes a connection with the external environment through the vent hole 31b, so that the gas from the airbag cavity can be smoothly discharged to the external environment through the first flow channel 31a and the vent hole 31b, thereby realizing the venting of the target container.

[0037] In this technical solution, the active exhaust valve 3 provided by the present invention employs a housing 31, a piezoelectric element 32, and a deformation element 33. A first flow channel 31a and a vent hole 31b are provided on the housing 31, and the deformation element 33 has a venting portion 34 aligned with the vent hole 31b. The piezoelectric element 32 changes the shape of the deformation element 33 to control the fit between the venting portion 34 and the vent hole 31b. This solves the problems of high energy consumption, large heat loss, and poor energy efficiency and stability caused by the continuous operation of the intake oscillator 2 during the pressure stabilization and maintenance phase in existing piezoelectric air pumps. Specifically, when the active exhaust valve 3 is de-energized, the piezoelectric element 32 is not excited, and the venting portion 34 blocks the vent hole 31b, preventing the first flow channel 31a from communicating with the vent hole 31b. At this time, the exhaust... The active air valve 3 can form an integral sealed assembly with the inflatable airbag, thereby achieving pressure stabilization of the air chamber. When the active air valve 3 is energized, the piezoelectric element 32 is excited, and the piezoelectric element 32 changes the shape of the deformer 33. The venting part 34 can retract the vent hole 31b so that the first flow channel 31a is connected to the vent hole 31b. At this time, the gas in the inflatable airbag can pass through the first flow channel 31a and the vent hole 31b in sequence and be discharged from the vent hole 31b. In this way, by decoupling the pressure stabilization and venting functions originally undertaken by the inflatable oscillator 2 to the active air valve 3, the inflatable oscillator 2 only works during the inflation stage and stops working during the pressure stabilization and venting stages, thereby significantly reducing the overall power consumption of the system, reducing heat generation, and significantly improving energy efficiency and system stability.

[0038] Further, please refer to Figure 4 The deformable member 33 has a receiving space 33a, and the piezoelectric member 32 is disposed in the receiving space 33a. The deformable member 33 includes at least one deformable segment 331, and a venting part 34 is provided on the side of the deformable segment 331 facing the venting hole 31b. The piezoelectric member 32 can change the shape of the deformable member 33 to drive the venting part 34 to move toward or away from the venting hole 31b.

[0039] In this embodiment, the deformable element 33 is configured to have a receiving space 33a. This receiving space 33a can be enclosed by the structure of the deformable element 33 itself. For example, the deformable element 33 can be a frame composed of multiple sides, and the hollow area inside the frame forms the receiving space 33a. The piezoelectric element 32 is disposed within this receiving space 33a, that is, the piezoelectric element 32 is located within the internal area enclosed by the deformable element 33. This arrangement allows the piezoelectric element 32 and the deformable element 33 to be more closely integrated in space, and the driving force generated by the piezoelectric element 32 can act more directly and evenly on all parts of the deformable element 33.

[0040] Meanwhile, the deformable component 33 includes at least one deformable segment 331. The deformable segment 331 is a part of the deformable component 33 that is prone to deformation or displacement, and its number and position can be determined according to specific design requirements. On the deformable segment 331, and on the side facing the vent hole 31b, a venting part 34 is provided. The venting part 34 and the deformable segment 331 can be integrally formed by injection molding, compression molding, etc., or they can be produced independently and formed into an assembly component by snap-fit, bonding, etc., which is not limited here.

[0041] Based on the above structure, the piezoelectric element 32 can change the shape of the deformable element 33, and this shape change is mainly reflected in the movement of the deformable segment 331. Specifically, when the piezoelectric element 32 is energized and deforms, it drives the entire deformable element 33 to change its shape, thereby causing the venting part 34 on the deformable segment 331 to move. This displacement can be towards the vent hole 31b, so that the venting part 34 more tightly blocks the vent hole 31b; or it can be away from the vent hole 31b, so that the venting part 34 retracts from the vent hole 31b. In this way, precise control of the fit between the venting part 34 and the vent hole 31b is achieved.

[0042] In one embodiment, the deformable element 33 can be a polygonal frame structure with multiple sides, such as a quadrilateral or rhomboid frame. The central region of this polygonal frame naturally forms the aforementioned receiving space 33a, facilitating the placement of the piezoelectric element 32. Due to the relatively concentrated stress at the corners of the polygonal frame, preferential elastic deformation occurs at these corners when driven by the piezoelectric element 32, thereby causing the entire frame to produce a regular and predictable overall shape change. Please refer to... Figure 4 For example, when the piezoelectric element 32 is energized and expands in the second direction, the deformation section 331 of the deformable element 33 moves away from the vent hole 31b in the first direction. The first flow channel 31a and the vent hole 31b enter a communication state through the cavity of the housing 31. At this time, the gas in the target container can pass through the first flow channel 31a, the cavity of the housing 31 and the vent hole 31b in sequence, and be discharged from the vent hole 31b. When the piezoelectric element 32 is de-energized and retracts in the second direction, the deformation section 331 of the deformable element 33 moves towards the vent hole 31b in the first direction. The venting part 34 can block the vent hole 31b to prevent the gas in the first flow channel 31a from entering the vent hole 31b. This deformation method is beneficial to amplify the small deformation of the piezoelectric element 32 into a large displacement of the venting part 34 in the direction perpendicular to the vent hole 31b, thereby ensuring that the venting part 34 can reliably open or close the vent hole 31b.

[0043] In summary, by placing the piezoelectric element 32 within the receiving space 33a of the deformable element 33, a high degree of integration between the driving and actuating elements is achieved, resulting in a more compact structure and helping to reduce the overall volume of the valve body. Secondly, by setting a dedicated deformable section 331 and placing the venting part 34 on it, the actuation point of the venting action becomes more clearly defined and concentrated, improving the reliability and response speed of the valve action. Furthermore, the use of a polygonal frame structure, especially a rhomboid structure, cleverly utilizes the stress deformation characteristics at the included angles to efficiently convert the driving displacement of the piezoelectric element 32 into the reciprocating linear motion of the venting part 34. This ensures both sufficient sealing force and sufficient airflow channel clearance during opening, thereby achieving both good sealing and smooth venting.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, please continue reading. Figure 4 Each deformation segment 331 includes a first deformation part 3311, a second deformation part 3312, and a third deformation part 3313. A venting part 34 is provided on the second deformation part 3312. The two ends of the second deformation part 3312 are respectively connected to the first deformation part 3311 and the second deformation part 3312. A first deformation angle is provided between the second deformation part 3312 and the first deformation part 3311, and a second deformation angle is provided between the second deformation part 3312 and the third deformation part 3313. The angle between the first deformation and the angle between the second deformation are greater than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees.

[0045] Specifically, each deformation segment 331 includes a first deformation part 3311, a second deformation part 3312, and a third deformation part 3313 connected in sequence. The second deformation part 3312 is aligned with the vent hole 31b along a first direction, and the vent part 34 is disposed on the side of the second deformation part 3312 facing the vent hole 31b. This means that the second deformation part 3312 is a functional part that directly participates in blocking or opening the vent hole 31b. The second deformation part 3312 is located in the middle of the deformation segment 331 along a second direction, with its two ends connected to the first deformation part 3311 and the third deformation part 3313, respectively. Through this connection method, the first deformation part 3311, the second deformation part 3312, and the third deformation part 3313 together constitute a continuous integral structure.

[0046] Based on the above connection relationship, an angle is formed between the second deformation part 3312 and the first deformation part 3311, which is defined as the first deformation angle; at the same time, an angle is also formed between the second deformation part 3312 and the third deformation part 3313, which is defined as the second deformation angle. The first deformation angle and the second deformation angle are two angles with the same angle. Based on these two angles, a basis for movement of the second deformation part 3312 is provided.

[0047] The first deformation angle and the second deformation angle are limited to greater than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees. That is, both the first deformation angle and the second deformation angle are obtuse angles. When the angle is within this range, the deformation segment 331 presents a relatively smooth bending shape, which avoids excessive stress concentration that may be caused by right-angle or acute-angle structures, and is also different from the state of lack of deformation margin in straight structures (180 degrees).

[0048] Based on the above structure, when the piezoelectric element 32 is energized and deforms, acting on the entire deformable element 33, the first deformation angle and the second deformation angle will increase and tend towards 180 degrees. At this time, the second deformable part 3312 will move away from the vent hole 31b along the first direction. Thus, the venting part 34 on the second deformable part 3312 will also move away from the vent hole 31b, thereby realizing the connection between the vent hole 31b and the first flow channel. That is, the gas in the target container can be discharged through the vent hole 31b, thereby realizing venting. When the piezoelectric element 32 is energized and deforms, it will cause the first deformation angle to increase and tend towards 180 degrees. When the power is cut off and deformation occurs and acts on the entire deformable part 33, the first deformation angle and the second deformation angle will decrease and tend to 90 degrees. At this time, the second deformation part 3312 will move closer to the vent hole 31b along the first direction. Thus, the venting part 34 on the second deformation part 3312 will also move towards the vent hole 31b, thereby blocking the vent hole 31b and preventing the gas in the first flow channel 31a from entering the vent hole 31b. That is, the gas in the target container cannot be discharged through the vent hole 31b, thereby achieving pressure stabilization.

[0049] In some embodiments, the deformable section 331 can be made of a material with a certain degree of elasticity, such as stainless steel, phosphor bronze, or other elastic metal sheets, or engineering plastics with a certain degree of rigidity. The first deformable portion 3311, the second deformable portion 3312, and the third deformable portion 3313 can be continuous areas formed on the same material plate by stamping or bending, with the included angle between them achieved by a bending process. The venting portion 34 can be a sealing gasket or molded protrusion on the second deformable portion 3312 that protrudes toward the venting hole 31b to enhance the sealing effect when it mates with the venting hole 31b.

[0050] By dividing the deformation section 331 into three deformation parts and setting specific included angles, the deformation element 33 can generate more precise and controllable displacement when driven by the piezoelectric element 32. Secondly, since the first and second deformation included angles are limited to an obtuse angle range greater than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees, this structure can effectively transmit and moderately amplify the driving force generated by the piezoelectric element 32, ensuring that the displacement of the venting part 34 is sufficient to reliably open the vent hole 31b, while also ensuring sufficient sealing force in the power-off state. Furthermore, this three-section bending structure has good deformation reversibility and fatigue life, and can maintain stable opening and closing performance during long-term repeated operation, thereby improving the overall reliability and service life of the venting active valve 3.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, please continue reading. Figure 4 The deformable component 33 includes two deformable segments 331 and two connecting segments 332. The two connecting segments 332 and the two deformable segments 331 are connected in sequence to form a receiving space 33a. The two deformable segments 331 are aligned along a first direction. One of the deformable segments 331 near the vent hole 31b is provided with a venting part 34, which can move along the first direction.

[0052] Specifically, the deformable component 33 generally includes two deformable segments 331 and two connecting segments 332. These four components are connected in sequence to form a closed loop structure. The inner area of ​​the closed loop structure constitutes the aforementioned accommodating space 33a, which is used to accommodate the piezoelectric component 32.

[0053] In the above connection relationship, the two deformable segments 331 and the two connecting segments 332 are arranged alternately—that is, one connecting segment 332, one deformable segment 331, another connecting segment 332, and another deformable segment 331 are connected end to end in sequence. This connection method makes the deformable component 33 present as a polygonal frame as a whole, the specific shape of which is determined by the extension direction and length of each segment.

[0054] Two deformable segments 331 are arranged opposite each other along a first direction, meaning that one deformable segment 331 is located on one side of the deformable member 33, and the other deformable segment 331 is located on the opposite side of the deformable member 33, separated by a receiving space 33a. Meanwhile, two connecting segments 332 are arranged opposite each other along a second direction, located on the other two sides of the frame. The first and second directions are perpendicular to each other, giving the entire frame a regular geometric shape in the plane.

[0055] In the two deformation sections 331 mentioned above, a venting part 34 is provided on the deformation section 331 near the vent hole 31b. The venting part 34 can move along the first direction, that is, it can reciprocate along the direction in which the two deformation sections 331 are arranged opposite to each other, thereby moving closer to or away from the vent hole 31b.

[0056] When the piezoelectric element 32 deforms, the shape of the entire deformable element 33 changes. The two deformable segments 331 and the two connecting segments 332 deform together. Since the two connecting segments 332 extend along the second direction and have a certain rigidity, they can provide stable support for the two deformable segments 331. The deformable segment 331 near the vent hole 31b mainly displaces along the first direction, causing the venting part 34 on it to move precisely toward or away from the vent hole 31b.

[0057] In practical implementation, the two connecting segments 332 can be designed as straight segments, that is, they extend in a straight line along the second direction, with each end connected to one of the two deformable segments 331. Specifically, one connecting segment 332 connects to the first deformable portion 3311 of each of the two deformable segments 331, while the other connecting segment 332 connects to the third deformable portion 3313 of each of the two deformable segments 331. In this way, the first deformable portion 3311 and the third deformable portion 3313 of each deformable segment 331 are indirectly connected through the connecting segments 332, while the second deformable portion 3312 in the middle of the deformable segment 331 is located between the two connecting segments 332 and is in a free state. This layout makes the entire deformable component 33 present a symmetrical structure similar to a rhombus or octagon—the two connecting segments 332 form two opposite sides of the rhombus, and the two deformable segments 331 form the other two opposite sides of the rhombus. However, since each deformable segment 331 itself is composed of three deformable portions and has an included angle, the whole forms a polygonal frame with eight sides.

[0058] By setting two deformation sections 331 and two connecting sections 332 and connecting them sequentially, a stable and symmetrical frame structure is constructed. This structure can generate uniform and controllable deformation when driven by the piezoelectric element 32, avoiding problems such as excessive local stress or deformation instability. Secondly, by aligning the two deformation sections 331 along the first direction and moving the deformation section 331 near the vent hole 31b along the first direction, the movement direction of the venting part 34 is aligned with the axial direction of the vent hole 31b, ensuring that the venting part 34 can vertically approach or leave the vent hole 31b, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of the seal and the smoothness of opening. Furthermore, the two connecting sections 332 are aligned along the second direction and designed as straight sections, providing good rigid support for the entire frame, so that the driving force generated by the piezoelectric element 32 can be more effectively transmitted to the deformation section 331 that performs the venting, reducing energy loss. In addition, this symmetrical frame structure has good manufacturability and assembly convenience, which is beneficial to improving the production efficiency and consistency of the product.

[0059] In one embodiment of the present invention, please continue reading. Figure 4 The vent valve 3 includes two deformable elements 33 and a connecting beam 35. The two deformable elements 33 are spaced apart along a first direction. The connecting beam 35 is located between the two deformable elements 33 and connects a deformable segment 331 of each deformable element 33. There is an air passage space between the two deformable elements 33. The air passage space can connect the first flow channel 31a and the vent hole 31b. Each deformable element 33 is provided with a receiving space 33a. A piezoelectric element 32 is provided in each of the two receiving spaces 33a.

[0060] In this embodiment, the active vent valve 3 includes two independent deformable elements 33 and a connecting beam 35. These two deformable elements 33 are spaced apart along a first direction, meaning they maintain a certain distance from each other rather than being tightly attached. The connecting beam 35 is located between the two deformable elements 33, with each end connected to a deformable segment 331 of each deformable element 33. It is understood that only one of the two deformable elements 33, the one closest to the vent hole 31b, has a venting section 34; the other deformable element 33 is far from the vent hole 31b and does not have a venting section 34. Through the connection of the connecting beam 35, the two deformable elements 33 are fixed as a single component, and the space between them is defined as a gas passage space. This gas passage space connects the first flow channel 31a and the vent hole 31b, becoming an intermediate buffer area for gas to flow from the first flow channel 31a to the vent hole 31b.

[0061] Each deformable element 33 has an independent receiving space 33a, and each receiving space 33a contains a piezoelectric element 32. That is, each of the two deformable elements 33 is equipped with an independent driving source, and can generate deformation independently or collaboratively. The specific structure of each deformable element 33 can follow the design in the aforementioned embodiments, for example, including components such as a deformable section 331 and a connecting section 332. On the deformable element 33 near the vent hole 31b, a venting part 34 is provided in the second deformable part 3312 of its deformable section 331. This venting part 34 can move along the first direction to block or open the vent hole 31b.

[0062] When the two piezoelectric elements 32 are energized, the two deformable elements 33 deform simultaneously. However, since only one of the deformable elements 33 has a vent 34, only that vent 34 will move in response to the deformation. The deformation of the other deformable element 33 is mainly used to apply auxiliary thrust or tension to the deformable element 33 with the vent 34 through the connecting beam 35, or to balance the stress state of the overall structure.

[0063] Because there is an air passage between the two deformable parts 33, gas can smoothly enter and exit through this space. When the target container is being inflated, the external gas flows through the air passage through the first flow channel 31a and then into the target container. When the gas is being deflated, the gas inside the target container enters the air passage through the first flow channel 31a and then exits through the vent hole 31b.

[0064] The two deformable elements 33 can be made of the same material and have the same structure, and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting beam 35, with a vent 34 provided on the side closest to the vent hole 31b. The connecting beam 35 can be a strip with a certain rigidity to ensure the stability of the distance between the two deformable elements 33. The size of the gas passage space is determined by the distance between the two deformable elements 33, which should ensure sufficient cross-sectional area for gas flow and avoid throttling effects.

[0065] In this embodiment, by setting two spaced deformable elements 33 and forming an air passage space between them, the gas flow path can be optimized. During the inflation stage, the gas from the external environment first enters the spacious air passage space for buffering and collection, and then enters the target container through the first flow channel 31a. This method of first collecting and then diverting is beneficial to improving the stability and efficiency of inflation. During the deflation stage, after the high-pressure gas in the target container flows out from the first flow channel 31a, it also first enters the air passage space for pressure release, and then is discharged to the outside through the vent hole 31b. This avoids the whistling or turbulence that may be caused by the high-pressure gas directly impacting the vent hole 31b, making the deflation process more stable and smooth. Secondly, each of the two deformable elements 33 is equipped with an independent piezoelectric element 32. Through the linkage of the connecting beam 35, a greater driving force or more stable motion guidance can be provided for the deformable element 33 with the vent section 34. Even if the driving force of one piezoelectric element 32 fluctuates, the other piezoelectric element 32 can be compensated by the connecting beam 35, which improves the reliability and consistency of valve operation.

[0066] For further information, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 The vent valve 3 also includes a fixed cantilever 36, which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the housing 31. The fixed cantilever 36 is connected to a deformation section 331 located away from the vent hole 31b, so that the two deformation members 33 are suspended in the housing 31.

[0067] In this embodiment, the vent valve 3 further includes at least one fixed cantilever 36. The fixed cantilever 36 is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the housing 31, serving as the supporting base for the deformable element 33 and the piezoelectric element 32. The fixed cantilever 36 connects to the deformable section 331 located away from the vent hole 31b—that is, the deformable section 331 on the deformable element 33 that does not have a vent 34. Through this connection method, the integral assembly consisting of the two deformable elements 33 and the connecting beam 35 is suspended and supported in the internal space of the housing 31 by the fixed cantilever 36, so that the entire assembly, except for the connection point between the fixed cantilever 36 and the housing 31, does not contact the inner wall of the housing 31. Thus, the two deformable elements 33 and the piezoelectric element 32 inside them are all in a suspended state.

[0068] In practical implementation, the fixed cantilever 36 can be designed as a slender rod-like or plate-like structure. One end is fixed to a predetermined position on the inner wall of the housing 31 by welding, bonding, or integral molding, while the other end is connected to the deformation section 331 away from the vent 31b. The number of fixed cantilever 36 can be one or more, depending on the required support stability. To ensure the support strength and fatigue life of the cantilever, it can be made of metal or high-strength engineering plastics. The two deformation components 33, the connecting beam 35, and the fixed cantilever 36 can form an integral elastic assembly, facilitating modular assembly within the housing 31.

[0069] When the piezoelectric element 32 is energized to drive the deformation element 33 to deform, the overall displacement process of the deformation element 33 is carried out in a suspended state. During the movement, none of its parts—including the deformation section 331, the connecting section 332, and the venting part 34—will touch the inner wall of the housing 31. The opening and closing action of the venting part 34 on the venting hole 31b is driven by the elastic deformation and recovery of the deformation element 33 itself, and there is no sliding friction or contact resistance between it and the housing 31.

[0070] Thus, by suspending the deformable element 33 in the air using the fixed cantilever 36, mechanical friction that may occur between the deformable element 33 and the inner wall of the housing 31 during displacement is eliminated. This frictionless motion allows the driving force generated by the piezoelectric element 32 to be fully utilized for the meaningful deformation of the deformable element 33 and the displacement of the venting part 34, avoiding energy loss due to friction, thereby improving energy conversion efficiency and valve actuation sensitivity. Secondly, due to the absence of frictional resistance, the movement of the deformable element 33 is smoother and more predictable, and the opening and closing action of the venting part 34 on the vent hole 31b is more crisp and decisive, which is beneficial to improving the valve's response speed and sealing reliability. Furthermore, the frictionless design avoids frictional wear that may be caused by long-term repeated movement, eliminates particulate contaminants generated by friction, ensures the cleanliness of the gas inside the valve body, and significantly extends the product's service life.

[0071] In one embodiment of the present invention, please continue reading. Figure 4 The fixed cantilever 36, connecting beam 35, venting part 34 and venting hole 31b are arranged along the first direction.

[0072] In this embodiment, the four structures—fixed cantilever 36, connecting beam 35, venting part 34, and vent hole 31b—are arranged in a first direction. That is, along the direction from the end furthest from the vent hole 31b to the end closest to the vent hole 31b, the sequence is: fixed cantilever 36, connecting beam 35, venting part 34, and vent hole 31b. Based on this arrangement, the fixed cantilever 36, serving as the supporting foundation of the entire deformable component 33 assembly, is located furthest from the vent hole 31b, providing a stable fixed endpoint for the two suspended deformable components 33. The connecting beam 35, located between the two deformable components 33, acts as a connecting and force-transmitting element between the fixed cantilever 36 and the venting part 34. The venting part 34, located near the vent hole 31b, is the functional part that performs opening and closing actions. The vent hole 31b, as the final outlet for gas discharge, is located at the end of the arrangement.

[0073] This linear arrangement along the first direction ensures that the displacement and force generated by the piezoelectric element 32 driving the deformable element 33 are transmitted along a clear path—starting from the fixed cantilever 36, passing through the connecting beam 35, and finally reaching the vent 34, where they act on the vent hole 31b. Each component in the entire transmission chain performs its function and works in coordination, without any unnecessary detours or offsets.

[0074] In specific implementation, the positions of the fixed cantilever 36 fixed to the inner wall of the housing 31, the positions of the connecting beam 35 connecting the two deformable parts 33, the positions of the venting part 34 on the deformable section 331, and the positions of the venting hole 31b on the housing 31 all need to ensure that they are roughly located on the same straight line, which is parallel to the first direction.

[0075] In this embodiment, by arranging the fixed cantilever 36, connecting beam 35, venting part 34, and venting hole 31b in a straight line along a first direction, a shortest and most direct force and motion transmission path is constructed. This linear transmission method avoids energy loss caused by force direction conversion, enabling the driving force generated by the piezoelectric element 32 to be efficiently transmitted to the venting part 34, ensuring that the venting part 34 obtains sufficient displacement and sealing force. Secondly, the straight-line arrangement ensures that the movement direction of the venting part 34 is completely consistent with the axial direction of the venting hole 31b, ensuring that the venting part 34 can vertically approach or leave the venting hole 31b, which is beneficial for achieving the best sealing effect and the smoothest opening action. Furthermore, this regular arrangement simplifies the internal structure, reduces the complexity of design and manufacturing, makes the positional relationship of each component clear at a glance, facilitates positioning and inspection during assembly, and helps improve product consistency and yield.

[0076] In one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5The active exhaust valve 3 also includes a stress concentration element 37, which is located between the piezoelectric element 32 and the deformation element 33. The stress concentration element 37 has a first contact surface and a second contact surface. The first contact surface is connected to the piezoelectric element 32, and the second contact surface is connected to the connecting section 332. The first contact surface and the second contact surface are aligned along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0077] In this embodiment, the active exhaust valve 3 further includes a stress concentration member 37, which is disposed between the piezoelectric element 32 and the deformation element 33, specifically between the connecting section 332 of the piezoelectric element 32 and the deformation element 33. The stress concentration member 37 has two key functional surfaces: a first contact surface and a second contact surface. The first contact surface is connected to the piezoelectric element 32 and is used to receive the driving force generated by the piezoelectric element 32; the second contact surface is connected to the connecting section 332 of the deformation element 33 and is used to transmit the received driving force to the deformation element 33. At the same time, the stress concentration member 37 also has a supporting portion protruding on one side of the first contact surface. Both the upper and lower surfaces of the supporting portion can be used to connect the piezoelectric element 32 so that the piezoelectric element 32 is fixed in the receiving space 33a. The fixing method between the supporting portion and the piezoelectric element 32 can be achieved by adhesive bonding, snap-fit, etc., and is not limited here.

[0078] The first contact surface and the second contact surface are aligned along the second direction, that is, they form a corresponding relationship in the second direction, while the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. This perpendicular relationship means that the main force transmission direction of the stress concentration element 37 is orthogonal to the main displacement direction (first direction) of the deformation element 33, which is beneficial to convert the deformation of the piezoelectric element 32 into the expected movement of the deformation element 33 in the best way.

[0079] Specifically, the cross-sectional shape of the stress concentration member 37 is generally "mountain" shaped. Specifically, at its end along the second direction, the stress concentration member 37 has three protrusions, which, for clarity, are defined as the first protrusion, the second protrusion, and the third protrusion. These three protrusions are arranged sequentially along the first direction, that is, side-by-side on a straight line perpendicular to the second direction. The second protrusion has a greater height than the first and third protrusions, making the middle protrusion more prominent than the protrusions on either side.

[0080] Based on this "mountain" shaped structure, the first and third protrusions form two "lever" structures on both sides of the second protrusion. When the piezoelectric element 32 is energized and deforms, acting on the stress concentration element 37, the higher second protrusion becomes a stable fulcrum. As the piezoelectric element 32 deforms further, the first and third protrusions, as lever arms, can apply torque to the connecting section 332 with the second protrusion as the fulcrum, thereby more effectively driving the shape change of the deformable section 331.

[0081] Meanwhile, the three end faces of the first protrusion, the second protrusion, and the third protrusion facing the connecting segment 332 together constitute the aforementioned second contact surface. This means that the second contact surface is not a single plane, but a multi-point contact surface composed of three dispersed contact points or contact areas.

[0082] The stress concentration element 37 can be made of metal or high-hardness engineering plastic to ensure that it does not deform significantly during use and can stably transmit pressure. The shape and height of the three protrusions can be precisely designed according to the output characteristics of the piezoelectric element 32 and the stiffness of the deformation element 33 to achieve the best driving force amplification effect.

[0083] Thus, by setting up the stress concentration element 37 and forming three protrusions on it, the concentrated transmission of force between the piezoelectric element 32 and the deformation element 33 is achieved. The higher second protrusion acts as a fulcrum, allowing the first and third protrusions on both sides to act as levers, amplifying the small deformation generated by the piezoelectric element 32 into a larger displacement acting on the deformation section 331, thereby improving the driving efficiency and ensuring that the venting part 34 can obtain sufficient opening and closing stroke. Secondly, the end faces of the three protrusions together form a second contact surface, significantly increasing the contact area between the piezoelectric element 32 and the connecting section 332, allowing the driving force to be more evenly distributed on the connecting section 332, avoiding material fatigue or damage that may be caused by excessive local stress, and improving the durability of the product. Furthermore, this multi-point contact layout makes the force transmission more stable, reducing the possible off-center loading or slippage between the stress concentration element 37 and the connecting section 332, and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of valve operation.

[0084] In one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The exhaust valve 3 also includes a one-way valve plate 38, which is movably disposed in the housing 31. The housing 31 is also provided with a second flow hole 31c, and the one-way valve plate 38 is provided with a one-way hole 38a. The first flow channel 31a is connected to the one-way hole 38a. When the one-way valve plate 38 abuts against the inner wall of the housing 31, the one-way valve plate 38 blocks the second flow hole 31c. When the one-way valve plate 38 is misaligned with the inner wall of the housing 31, the one-way hole 38a is connected to the second flow hole 31c.

[0085] In this embodiment, the active exhaust valve 3 further includes a one-way valve plate 38, which is movably disposed within the internal space of the housing 31. The housing 31 also has a second flow-through hole 31c, which connects to the external environment and serves as the inlet for external gas to enter the active exhaust valve 3. The one-way valve plate 38 has a one-way hole 38a penetrating its body, which communicates with the aforementioned first flow-through channel 31a. That is, for external gas to flow from the second flow-through hole 31c to the first flow-through channel 31a, it must pass through the one-way hole 38a on the one-way valve plate 38.

[0086] The one-way valve plate 38 has two operating positions within the housing 31. For example... Figure 6 As shown, when the one-way valve plate 38 abuts against the inner wall of the housing 31 (e.g., the inner bottom wall of the housing 31), the main body of the one-way valve plate 38 just blocks the second flow hole 31c. At this time, since the one-way hole 38a and the second flow hole 31c are spatially offset, the second flow hole 31c is covered by the solid part of the one-way valve plate 38, so external gas cannot enter the valve body through the second flow hole 31c. Figure 7 As shown, when the one-way valve plate 38 leaves the inner wall of the housing 31, i.e., when a misalignment or gap is formed between it and the inner wall of the housing 31, the one-way hole 38a communicates with the second flow hole 31c through this gap. At this time, external gas can enter the valve body through the second flow hole 31c, the gap, and the one-way hole 38a in sequence.

[0087] Based on the above structure, the action of the one-way valve plate 38 is automatically controlled by the pressure difference between the inside of the valve body and the external environment, without the need for additional drive. In different working stages, the state of the one-way valve plate 38 cooperates with the state of the piezoelectric element 32 to jointly realize the three functional modes of the active exhaust valve 3.

[0088] When inflating the target container, the piezoelectric inflation pump starts working. At this time, the piezoelectric element 32 is de-energized, and the venting part 34 blocks the vent hole 31b to ensure that gas does not leak from the vent hole 31b. Simultaneously, because the air intake vibrator 2 side of the piezoelectric inflation pump (i.e., below the one-way valve plate 38) is in a suction state, a high-pressure zone is formed, while the target container and the inside of the valve body (i.e., above the one-way valve plate 38) are at normal pressure or relatively low pressure. Therefore, under the action of the pressure difference, the one-way valve plate 38 is pushed upwards, separating from the inner wall (bottom) of the housing 31, forming a gap. External air then sequentially passes through the second flow hole 31c, the gap, and the one-way hole 38a, entering the internal cavity of the housing 31, and then flows to the target container through the first flow channel 31a, completing the inflation. At this time, the gas flow path is: second flow hole 31c → gap → one-way hole 38a → housing 31 cavity → first flow channel 31a → target container.

[0089] When stabilizing the pressure of the target container, the piezoelectric gas pump stops working, and the target container is already filled with gas and needs to maintain pressure. At this time, the piezoelectric element 32 remains de-energized, and the venting part 34 continues to block the vent hole 31b to ensure a seal. Because the gas pressure inside the target container and valve body is higher than the external ambient gas pressure and higher than the gas pressure on the side of the piezoelectric gas pump, the one-way valve plate 38 is pressed downward under the action of the pressure difference, tightly abutting against the inner wall (bottom) of the housing 31. The solid part of the one-way valve plate 38 precisely blocks the second flow hole 31c, preventing external gas from entering, and at the same time, the gas inside the target container cannot leak out through the one-way hole 38a. At this time, the second flow hole 31c is reliably sealed, which, together with the sealing of the vent hole 31b, constitutes a double seal to ensure that the target container maintains a stable pressure.

[0090] When venting the target container, the gas inside needs to be discharged. At this time, the piezoelectric element 32 switches to the energized state, the venting part 34 retracts, and the vent hole 31b opens. In the initial stage of venting, the gas pressure inside the target container and valve body is still higher than the external ambient gas pressure. Under the action of the pressure difference, the one-way valve plate 38 continues to remain in contact with the inner wall of the housing 31, blocking the second flow hole 31c. The high-pressure gas inside the target container then passes through the first flow channel 31a, the cavity of the housing 31, and the vent hole 31b in sequence, and is discharged to the external environment. As the gas is continuously discharged, the gas pressure inside the target container and valve body gradually decreases. When the internal gas pressure drops to be equal to the external ambient gas pressure, the pressure difference disappears, and the one-way valve plate 38, under its own gravity, also remains in contact with the inner wall of the housing 31. Thus, throughout the entire venting process, the second flow hole 31c remains blocked by the one-way valve plate 38, preventing gas from escaping from the second flow hole 31c.

[0091] In practical implementation, the one-way valve plate 38 can be made of rubber or silicone material with good elasticity and sealing properties. Its shape and size should be precisely matched with the mating surface of the inner wall of the housing 31 to ensure a reliable seal when in contact. The opening position of the one-way hole 38a needs to be staggered from the position of the second flow hole 31c, so that when the one-way valve plate 38 abuts against the inner wall, the one-way hole 38a and the second flow hole 31c do not overlap; when the valve plate leaves the inner wall, the two are connected through the gap.

[0092] By setting a one-way valve plate 38 and cooperating with the second flow port 31c, one-way control of the air intake path is achieved, ensuring that gas can only enter the target container from the outside and cannot leak in the reverse direction. Thus, together with the venting control mechanism, it forms a complete two-way control system for air intake and exhaust. Secondly, the one-way valve plate 38 passively operates using pressure difference, requiring no additional drive components and control logic. Its structure is simple and reliable, complementing the venting mechanism actively controlled by the piezoelectric element 32. Venting is actively controlled by the piezoelectric element 32, while air intake is passively controlled by pressure difference, ensuring both control accuracy and simplifying system complexity. Furthermore, through the coordinated work of the one-way valve plate 38 and the venting part 34, the active exhaust valve 3 can clearly distinguish between three working modes: inflation, pressure stabilization, and venting. During inflation, the one-way valve plate 38 is open and the venting port 31b is closed; during pressure stabilization, the one-way valve plate 38 is closed and the venting port 31b is closed; during venting, the one-way valve plate 38 is closed and the venting port 31b is open. This multi-mode switching capability enables the piezoelectric air pump to operate in the optimal way at different working stages. During the inflation stage, the air intake oscillator 2 works, while during the pressure stabilization and deflation stages, the air intake oscillator 2 stops working and is controlled only by the air outlet active valve 3. This significantly reduces the overall energy consumption of the system, reduces heat generation, and improves energy efficiency and system stability.

[0093] This invention also proposes a piezoelectric air pump; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 8 The piezoelectric air pump includes an air intake assembly 1, an air intake vibrator 2, and an air outlet active valve 3 as described above. The air intake assembly 1 has an air intake port 1a and an air intake cavity 1b communicating with the air intake port 1a, with the air intake port 1a located on one side of the air intake assembly 1; The intake oscillator 2 is located in the intake chamber 1b and is configured to change the pressure of the intake chamber 1b by moving. The exhaust valve 3 is located on the side of the intake assembly 1 facing away from the intake port 1a; The piezoelectric air pump has an air intake state, a pressure holding state, and an air discharge state. In the air intake state, the air inlet 1a is open, the piezoelectric element 32 is de-energized, and the air inlet 1a is connected to the first flow channel 31a. In the pressure holding state, the air inlet 1a is closed, and the piezoelectric element 32 is de-energized. In the air discharge state, the air inlet 1a is closed, and the piezoelectric element 32 is energized.

[0094] Specifically, the piezoelectric air pump mainly comprises three core parts: an air intake assembly 1, an air intake oscillator 2, and an air outlet active valve 3. The air intake assembly 1 is the basic structure of the air pump, equipped with an air inlet 1a and an air intake chamber 1b communicating with the air inlet 1a. The air inlet 1a, located on one side of the air intake assembly 1, serves as the inlet channel for external gas to enter the piezoelectric air pump. The air intake chamber 1b is the key area that houses the air intake oscillator 2 and provides space for gas compression.

[0095] The intake oscillator 2 is located inside the intake cavity 1b, and its core function is to change the gas pressure within the intake cavity 1b through its periodic or non-periodic motion. Specifically, when the intake oscillator 2 is excited to generate high-frequency vibration, the volume of the intake cavity 1b changes accordingly—when the volume expands, the internal air pressure decreases, and external gas is drawn in through the intake port 1a; when the volume shrinks, the internal air pressure increases, and the gas is compressed and pushed in the exhaust direction. The intake oscillator 2 typically adopts a piezoelectric oscillator structure, composed of a piezoelectric ceramic and a metal substrate, utilizing the inverse piezoelectric effect to convert electrical energy into mechanical vibration.

[0096] The active exhaust valve 3 is located on the opposite side of the intake assembly 1 from the intake port 1a, i.e., opposite to the intake port 1a. This active exhaust valve 3 adopts the structure of any of the aforementioned embodiments, and includes at least a housing 31, a piezoelectric element 32, a deformation element 33, and a one-way valve plate 38. Its specific structural details and working principle have been described in detail in previous embodiments and will not be repeated here. The first flow passage 31a of the active exhaust valve 3 is connected to the exhaust end of the intake assembly 1, and is used to guide the compressed gas to the target container or discharge gas from the target container.

[0097] Based on the above structural combination, the piezoelectric air pump has three distinct working states: air intake state, pressure holding state, and air outlet state. These three states are achieved by the cooperation between the opening and closing state of the air inlet 1a and the on / off state of the piezoelectric component 32 in the air outlet active valve 3.

[0098] In the air intake state, the piezoelectric air pump performs the air filling operation on the target container. For example... Figure 9 As shown, at this time, the air inlet 1a is open, allowing external gas to enter the air inlet chamber 1b; simultaneously, the piezoelectric element 32 in the exhaust valve 3 is de-energized, and the vent 34 blocks the vent hole 31b, ensuring that gas does not leak from the vent hole 31b. The air inlet vibrator 2 begins high-frequency vibration under the excitation of an electrical signal, causing a pressure change within the air inlet chamber 1b, thereby drawing in and compressing external gas through the air inlet 1a, and then sending it into the target container through the first flow channel 31a of the exhaust valve 3. In this state, the gas flow path is: external environment → air inlet 1a → air inlet chamber 1b → first flow channel 31a → target container.

[0099] During the pressure holding phase, the target container has been inflated to the required pressure, and this pressure needs to be maintained stably. For example... Figure 10As shown, at this time, the air inlet 1a is closed, preventing external gas from continuing to enter; simultaneously, the piezoelectric element 32 in the exhaust valve 3 remains de-energized, and the venting part 34 continues to block the vent hole 31b, ensuring that the gas in the target container will not leak through the vent hole 31b. In this state, the air inlet oscillator 2 stops working and no longer consumes energy, while the exhaust valve 3, through the sealing effect of the venting part 34 and the sealing effect of the one-way valve plate 38 on the second flow hole 31c (see the aforementioned embodiment for details), together form a double seal, reliably sealing the gas in the target container and achieving zero-energy pressure maintenance.

[0100] In the venting state, the gas inside the target container needs to be expelled. For example... Figure 11 As shown, at this time, the air inlet 1a remains closed to prevent gas leakage from the intake side; while the piezoelectric element 32 in the exhaust valve 3 switches to the energized state, the piezoelectric element 32 deforms and drives the deforming element 33 to change shape, causing the venting part 34 to retract from the venting hole 31b position, opening the venting hole 31b. The high-pressure gas in the target container is then smoothly discharged to the external environment through the first flow channel 31a, the internal cavity of the housing 31, and the venting hole 31b. In this state, the intake oscillator 2 also remains in a stopped state, requiring no energy consumption; the exhaust operation can be completed simply by briefly energizing the piezoelectric element 32 of the exhaust valve 3.

[0101] In practice, the opening and closing of the air inlet 1a can be achieved through a manual valve, a solenoid valve, or a one-way valve automatically controlled by air pressure. The drive circuit of the air inlet vibrator 2 and the drive circuit of the piezoelectric component 32 in the air outlet active valve 3 can be managed by the same controller, automatically switching the working mode according to the needs of air filling, pressure holding, and air outlet.

[0102] Based on the above embodiments, by integrating the outlet active valve 3 with the inlet assembly 1 and the inlet vibrator 2 into a complete system, a clear division and switching of three working modes—inflation, pressure holding, and outlet—is achieved. In both pressure holding and outlet states, the inlet vibrator 2 ceases operation; only the piezoelectric element 32 of the outlet active valve 3 is briefly energized during outlet operation, while no energy consumption is required during pressure holding. This contrasts sharply with the traditional solution where the inlet vibrator 2 needs to operate continuously to maintain pressure, significantly reducing the energy consumption of the piezoelectric air pump. Furthermore, this design substantially reduces the overall energy consumption of the system, minimizing heat generated by the continuous operation of the inlet vibrator 2, which is beneficial for improving the energy efficiency ratio and extending the equipment's service life.

[0103] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the patent. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active exhaust valve, characterized in that, The vent valve includes a housing, a piezoelectric element, and a deformable element. The deformable element and the piezoelectric element are disposed in the housing. The housing has a first flow channel and a vent hole. The piezoelectric element is connected to the deformable element and is used to change the shape of the deformable element. The deformable element has a venting part, which is aligned with the vent hole. The vent hole is used to connect to the external environment. The piezoelectric element has a power-off state. In the power-off state, the venting part blocks the vent hole to prevent gas from the first flow channel from entering the vent hole. The piezoelectric element is in an energized state. In the energized state, the venting part retracts the vent hole so that the first flow channel communicates with the vent hole.

2. The active exhaust valve as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The deformable element has a receiving space, the piezoelectric element is disposed in the receiving space, the deformable element includes at least one deformable segment, and the venting part is provided on the side of one of the deformable segments facing the vent hole; The piezoelectric element can change the shape of the deformable element to drive the vent portion to move toward or away from the vent hole.

3. The active exhaust valve as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned deformation segments includes a first deformation section, a second deformation section, and a third deformation section. The venting section is disposed on the second deformation section. The two ends of the second deformation section are respectively connected to the first deformation section and the third deformation section. A first deformation angle is provided between the second deformation section and the first deformation section, and a second deformation angle is provided between the second deformation section and the third deformation section. The first deformation angle and the second deformation angle are greater than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees.

4. The active exhaust valve as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The deformable component includes two deformable segments and two connecting segments, which are connected sequentially to form the accommodating space; The two deformation segments are aligned along a first direction, and one of the deformation segments near the vent hole is provided with a venting part, which is movable along the first direction.

5. The active exhaust valve as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The active vent valve includes two deformable elements and a connecting beam. The two deformable elements are spaced apart along a first direction. The connecting beam is located between the two deformable elements and connects to a deformable segment of each deformable element. There is an air passage space between the two deformable elements, which can connect the first flow channel and the vent hole. Each of the deformable components is provided with a receiving space, and each of the two receiving spaces is provided with a piezoelectric component.

6. The active exhaust valve as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The vent valve also includes a fixed cantilever, which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the housing. The fixed cantilever is connected to a deformation section located away from the vent hole, so that the two deformation elements are suspended in the housing.

7. The active exhaust valve as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The fixed cantilever, the connecting beam, the venting section, and the venting hole are arranged along the first direction.

8. The active exhaust valve as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The active air outlet valve also includes a stress concentration element, which is located between the piezoelectric element and the deformation element. The stress concentration element has a first contact surface and a second contact surface, the first contact surface being connected to the piezoelectric element and the second contact surface being connected to the connecting section. The first contact surface and the second contact surface are aligned along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

9. The active exhaust valve as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The active exhaust valve also includes a one-way valve plate, which is movably disposed in the housing. The housing is also provided with a second flow hole, and the one-way valve plate is provided with a one-way hole. The first flow channel communicates with the one-way hole. When the one-way valve plate abuts against the inner wall of the housing, the one-way valve plate blocks the second flow hole to prevent the gas in the second flow hole from entering the first flow channel; When the one-way valve plate is spaced apart from the inner wall of the housing, the one-way hole communicates with the second flow hole.

10. A piezoelectric air pump, characterized in that, The piezoelectric air pump includes an air intake assembly, an air intake vibrator, and an air outlet active valve as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; The air intake assembly has an air inlet and an air intake cavity communicating with the air inlet, the air inlet being located on one side of the air intake assembly; The intake oscillator is disposed in the intake cavity and is configured to change the pressure of the intake cavity by moving. The active exhaust valve is located on the side of the intake assembly facing away from the intake port; The piezoelectric air pump has an air intake state, a pressure holding state, and an air outlet state; in the air intake state, the air inlet is open, the piezoelectric element is de-energized, and the air inlet is connected to the first flow channel; in the pressure holding state, the air inlet is closed, and the piezoelectric element is de-energized; in the air outlet state, the air inlet is closed, and the piezoelectric element is energized.

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