Unmanned aerial vehicle inspection-based water transportation engineering construction period suspended sediment diffusion into ecological sensitive area early warning system

Abstract

The application provides a water transport engineering construction period suspended sediment diffusion into an ecological sensitive area early warning system based on unmanned aerial vehicle inspection, belongs to the field of suspended sediment diffusion detection, and comprises a water transport engineering construction site data acquisition unit, a construction site three-dimensional model construction unit, a data fusion unit, an unmanned aerial vehicle water table observation and data transmission unit, a planned construction data and real-time construction data acquisition and verification unit, a water transport engineering construction site dynamic three-dimensional model unit and a dynamic three-dimensional model display and early warning unit. Through the construction of a three-dimensional spatial model, the suspended sediment diffusion is fused into the spatial model, the moving direction of the suspended sediment can be dynamically observed in real time, the diffusion of the floating sediment at different depths can be more clearly observed, the situation that the suspended sediment diffuses from the bottom and cannot be discovered in time can be effectively avoided, a buffer zone is established, sufficient time is left for the treatment of the suspended sediment diffusion, and the ecological sensitive area is prevented from being polluted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of suspended sediment diffusion detection, and in particular to an early warning system for the diffusion of suspended sediment into ecologically sensitive areas during the construction period of waterway engineering projects based on drone inspection. Background Technology

[0002] During waterway engineering construction (such as dredging, land reclamation, and wharf construction), the spread of suspended sediment (SS) is a key factor leading to increased turbidity in surrounding waters and damage to ecosystems. In particular, when sediment spreads into ecologically sensitive areas (such as coral reefs, mangroves, and fish spawning grounds), it can cause irreversible consequences such as habitat degradation and water quality deterioration.

[0003] Chinese Patent CN 119247356 A discloses a method, device, and equipment for predicting suspended sediment drift in coastal estuaries. This method primarily relies on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) monitoring from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which cannot detect internal water flow and therefore cannot achieve comprehensive monitoring. Therefore, a system capable of detecting sediment from a three-dimensional spatial structure is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an early warning system for the spread of suspended sediment into ecologically sensitive areas during the construction period of waterway engineering based on drone inspections. This system solves the technical problem that existing suspended sediment spread monitoring cannot monitor in real time from a three-dimensional space, and that suspended sediment is prone to spread at the bottom of the water body, making it impossible to achieve comprehensive monitoring.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A drone-based early warning system for the spread of suspended sediment into ecologically sensitive areas during the construction period of waterway engineering projects includes a pre-construction site data acquisition unit, a 3D model construction unit for the construction site, a data fusion unit, a drone-based water meter observation and data transmission unit, a planned construction data and real-time construction data acquisition and verification unit, a dynamic 3D model unit for the waterway engineering construction site, and a dynamic 3D model display and early warning unit. The pre-construction site data acquisition unit is connected to the 3D model construction unit. The pre-construction site data acquisition unit is used to collect hydrological parameters, underwater soil properties, and underwater topographic data of the waterway engineering construction site, and to analyze the hydrological parameters using meteorological parameters. The system verifies and obtains real-time hydrological parameters. The 3D model construction unit of the construction site is connected to the data fusion unit. The 3D model construction unit is used to collect maps of ecologically sensitive areas and construct buffer boundary zones for these areas. A layered 3D spatial model is constructed based on the waterway engineering construction site data, and physical domains are separated within this model. The UAV water meter observation and data transmission unit, the planned construction data and real-time construction data acquisition and verification unit, and the dynamic 3D model unit of the waterway engineering construction site are all connected to the data fusion unit. The UAV water meter observation and data transmission unit is used to carry a camera to detect water meter image data in real time and transmit the detected data within the water area to the remote data fusion unit. The unit, which collects and verifies planned construction data and real-time construction data, is used to collect construction demand data. Based on this demand data, it analyzes the construction intensity, and then analyzes the dispersion of suspended sediment based on the construction intensity and soil data. Simultaneously, it collects real-time meteorological parameters and factual data on the dispersion of suspended sediment around the construction site. The data is then used to verify the dispersion of suspended sediment by comparing the real-time collected data with meteorological parameters. The data fusion unit is used to isolate the fluid layers in the constructed three-dimensional model, establish a mapping relationship between the fluid and flow data of each layer, and then fuse the flow parameters with the fluid to obtain a dynamic model of fluid flow. By incorporating the dispersion of suspended sediment into the fluid of each layer, the dispersion of suspended sediment can be obtained. The dynamic data is distributed across a waterway engineering construction site dynamic 3D model unit connected to a dynamic 3D model display and early warning unit. The dynamic 3D model unit is used to fuse the dynamic data of suspended sediment diffusion with the 3D model constructed by the construction site 3D model building unit to obtain a 3D model of the real-time dynamic diffusion of suspended sediment in the water during construction. It is layered according to different depths, and each layer can directly display the direction of flow and influencing factors in real time. The dynamic 3D model display and early warning unit is used to display the real-time dynamic diffusion 3D model and predict whether the diffusion and movement of suspended sediment will flow to the boundary buffer zone of the ecologically sensitive area. If so, an early warning notice is issued to allow human intervention.

[0007] Furthermore, the data acquisition unit for the construction site before waterway engineering construction includes a spatial hydrological parameter acquisition module, an underwater robot radar detection module for underwater topography, a spatial hydrological parameter verification module, and a real-time meteorological parameter acquisition module. The spatial hydrological parameter acquisition module is used to collect hydrological parameters of the construction site. The underwater robot radar detection module is used to detect the underwater topography and the properties of the soil, and analyze the amount of suspended sediment floating during construction based on the properties. The real-time meteorological parameter acquisition module is used to collect wind speed and temperature. The spatial hydrological parameter verification module is used to verify the hydrological parameters based on the meteorological parameters and analyze the actual hydrological parameters of the outer ring.

[0008] Furthermore, the 3D model construction unit for the construction site includes a module for acquiring ecologically sensitive area drawings, a module for generating ecologically sensitive area boundary buffer zones, a module for constructing a 3D layered space, a module for separating physical domains, and a module for rendering the 3D model of water flow. The module for acquiring ecologically sensitive area drawings is used to obtain ecologically sensitive area drawings from relevant websites. The module for generating ecologically sensitive area boundary buffer zones is used to construct boundary buffer zones around the ecologically sensitive areas, which serve as early warning zones for the spread of suspended sediment. The module for constructing a 3D space model of the water area under construction is used to separate the water and land areas in the constructed model, while the entire model displays 3D coordinates. The module for rendering the 3D model of water flow is used to render the constructed model.

[0009] Furthermore, the planned construction data and real-time construction data acquisition and verification unit includes a construction demand parameter acquisition module, a construction intensity analysis module, a construction suspended sediment diffusion analysis module, a real-time weather acquisition module, a construction period suspended sediment real-time acquisition module, and a suspended sediment diffusion verification module. The construction demand parameter acquisition module is used to obtain the required width and depth of construction from the client's requirements. The construction intensity analysis module analyzes the progress of the construction process based on the construction period and schedule, and judges the impact of construction on water movement. The construction suspended sediment diffusion analysis module analyzes the suspended sediment diffusion data based on the construction intensity and the properties of the underwater soil. The real-time weather acquisition module is used to collect meteorological parameters in real time during construction. The construction period suspended sediment real-time acquisition module collects the movement speed and direction of suspended sediment in the construction area in real time. The suspended sediment diffusion verification module verifies the suspended sediment diffusion data of the outer ring of the construction area using meteorological parameters and the collected movement speed and direction of suspended sediment.

[0010] Furthermore, the data fusion unit includes a spatial fluid layer separation module, a fluid layer mapping module, and a fluid fusion module. The spatial fluid layer separation module is used to divide the water area in the constructed three-dimensional spatial model into layers. The fluid layer mapping module is used to construct a mapping relationship between flow and influencing factors for the layered water areas. The fluid fusion module is used to fuse the suspended sediment data with the spatial fluid of each layer to obtain a dynamic model of suspended sediment diffusion as the water body flows.

[0011] Furthermore, the dynamic 3D model unit for waterway engineering construction sites includes a dynamic 3D model module integrating suspended sediment diffusion and water flow, and a layered display module. The dynamic 3D model module integrating suspended sediment diffusion and water flow is used to update the dynamic model of suspended sediment diffusion in real time, changing over time, and then predicting whether suspended sediment will diffuse into the buffer zone of ecologically sensitive areas. The layered display module allows observers to observe the movement of suspended sediment in water at different depths as needed. Clicking on different depths will show different movement speeds and directions, and these changes in real time as the data is collected.

[0012] Furthermore, the dynamic 3D model display and early warning unit includes a dynamic 3D model display module and an early warning alarm module. The dynamic 3D model display module is used to display the dynamic model of suspended sediment diffusion in real time, and the early warning alarm module is used to issue an alarm and notify the management personnel when suspended sediment diffuses into the buffer zone of the ecologically sensitive area.

[0013] The present invention, by adopting the above-described technical solution, has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] This invention constructs a three-dimensional spatial model and integrates the diffusion of suspended sediment into the spatial model. This allows for real-time dynamic observation of the movement direction and speed of suspended sediment, providing a clearer view of the diffusion of floating sediment at different depths. This effectively avoids situations where suspended sediment diffuses from the bottom and cannot be detected in time. At the same time, a buffer zone is established to allow sufficient time for handling the diffusion of suspended sediment and to prevent pollution of ecologically sensitive areas. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a system unit block diagram of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the construction site data acquisition unit module for waterway engineering construction in this invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the three-dimensional model construction unit module of the construction site of this invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the data fusion unit module of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5This is a block diagram of the planned construction data and real-time construction data acquisition and verification unit module of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a block diagram of the dynamic three-dimensional model unit module of the waterway engineering construction site of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a block diagram of the dynamic three-dimensional model display and early warning unit module of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, it should be noted that many details listed in the specification are merely to provide the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, and these aspects of the invention can be implemented even without these specific details.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the early warning system for the diffusion of suspended sediment into ecologically sensitive areas during the construction period of waterway engineering based on UAV inspection includes a data acquisition unit for the construction site before waterway engineering construction, a three-dimensional model construction unit for the construction site, a data fusion unit, a UAV water meter observation and data transmission unit, a planned construction data and real-time construction data acquisition and verification unit, a dynamic three-dimensional model unit for the construction site of waterway engineering, and a dynamic three-dimensional model display and early warning unit. The data acquisition unit for the construction site before waterway engineering construction and the three-dimensional model construction unit for the construction site are connected.

[0024] The pre-construction site data acquisition unit for waterway engineering is used to collect hydrological parameters, underwater soil properties, and underwater topographic data of the construction site. Hydrological parameters are verified using meteorological parameters to obtain real-time hydrological data. The 3D site model construction unit is connected to the data fusion unit. This unit collects maps of ecologically sensitive areas and constructs buffer boundary zones for these areas. A layered 3D spatial model is constructed based on the construction site data, and physical domains are separated within this model. The UAV water meter observation and data transmission unit, the planned construction data and real-time construction data acquisition and verification unit, and the dynamic 3D site model unit are all connected to the data fusion unit. The UAV water meter observation and data transmission unit carries a camera to detect water meter images in real-time and transmits the data to the remote data fusion unit. The planned construction data and real-time construction data acquisition and verification unit collects construction demand data, analyzes construction intensity based on this data, and analyzes suspended sediment diffusion based on construction intensity and soil data. It also collects real-time meteorological parameters and construction cycle data. The system uses real-time collected data on suspended sediment diffusion to analyze and verify the diffusion status. A data fusion unit is used to isolate the fluid layers in the constructed 3D model, establishing a mapping relationship between the fluid and flow data for each layer. Then, the flow parameters are fused with the fluid to obtain a dynamic model of fluid flow. By integrating the suspended sediment diffusion into the fluid of each layer, dynamic data on suspended sediment diffusion can be obtained. A dynamic 3D model unit for waterway engineering construction sites is connected to a dynamic 3D model display and early warning unit. This unit fuses the dynamic data on suspended sediment diffusion with the 3D model constructed by the construction site 3D model unit to obtain a real-time dynamic 3D model of suspended sediment diffusion in the water during construction. The model is layered according to different depths, and each layer can directly display the flow direction and influencing factors in real time. The dynamic 3D model display and early warning unit displays the real-time dynamic diffusion 3D model and predicts whether the suspended sediment diffusion will flow into the boundary buffer zone of the ecologically sensitive area. If so, an early warning is issued for human intervention.

[0025] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2As shown, the data acquisition unit for the construction site before waterway engineering construction includes a spatial hydrological parameter acquisition module, an underwater robot radar underwater topography detection module, a spatial hydrological parameter verification module, and a real-time meteorological parameter acquisition module. The spatial hydrological parameter acquisition module collects hydrological parameters of the construction site. The underwater robot radar underwater topography detection module detects the underwater topography and soil properties, analyzing the amount of suspended sediment during construction. The real-time meteorological parameter acquisition module collects wind speed and temperature. The spatial hydrological parameter verification module verifies the hydrological parameters based on the meteorological parameters and analyzes the actual hydrological parameters of the outer ring. The hydrological parameters mainly include water flow velocity and direction. During acquisition, sensors are set at different depths. Due to the different flow velocities at different depths, especially in some bends, three-dimensional data acquisition can be better achieved.

[0026] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the 3D model construction unit for the construction site includes a module for acquiring ecologically sensitive area drawings, a module for generating ecologically sensitive area boundary buffer zones, a module for constructing a 3D layered space, a module for separating physical domains, and a module for rendering the 3D model's water flow. The ecologically sensitive area drawing acquisition module retrieves drawings of ecologically sensitive areas from relevant websites. The ecologically sensitive area boundary buffer zone generation module constructs a boundary buffer zone around the ecologically sensitive area, serving as an early warning zone for suspended sediment diffusion. The 3D layered space construction module constructs a 3D spatial model of the construction water area. The physical domain separation module separates the constructed model into water and land domains, while simultaneously displaying 3D coordinates for the entire model. The 3D model's water flow rendering module renders the constructed model. During rendering, targeted rendering is performed based on the color of the water and the color of the suspended sediment diffusion.

[0027] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5As shown, the planned construction data and real-time construction data acquisition and verification unit includes a construction demand parameter acquisition module, a construction intensity analysis module, a construction suspended sediment diffusion analysis module, a real-time weather acquisition module, a construction period suspended sediment real-time acquisition module, and a suspended sediment diffusion verification module. The construction demand parameter acquisition module obtains the required width and depth from the client's requirements. The construction intensity analysis module analyzes the progress of the construction process based on the construction schedule and arrangement, determining the impact of construction on water movement. The construction suspended sediment diffusion analysis module analyzes suspended sediment diffusion data based on construction intensity and the properties of the underwater soil. The real-time weather acquisition module collects meteorological parameters during construction. The construction period suspended sediment real-time acquisition module collects the movement speed and direction of suspended sediment in the construction area. The suspended sediment diffusion verification module verifies the suspended sediment diffusion data in the outer ring of the construction area using meteorological parameters and the collected movement speed and direction of suspended sediment. The construction intensity analysis is mainly affected by the construction period. For example, if the construction period is tight, multiple machines are set up, and the diffusion speed will increase, resulting in a direct proportional relationship.

[0028] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the data fusion unit includes a spatial fluid layer separation module, a fluid layer mapping module, and a fluid fusion module. The spatial fluid layer separation module is used to divide the water area in the constructed three-dimensional spatial model into layers. The fluid layer mapping module is used to construct a mapping relationship between flow and influencing factors for the layered water areas. The fluid fusion module is used to fuse the suspended sediment data with the spatial fluid of each layer to obtain a dynamic model of suspended sediment diffusion as the water body flows.

[0029] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, the dynamic 3D model unit of the waterway engineering construction site includes a dynamic 3D model module integrating suspended sediment diffusion and water flow, and a layered display module. The dynamic 3D model module is used to update the dynamic model of suspended sediment diffusion in real time, changing over time, and then predicting whether suspended sediment will diffuse into the buffer zone of ecologically sensitive areas. The layered display module allows observers to observe the movement of suspended sediment at different depths of water as needed. Clicking on different depths will show different movement speeds and directions, and these changes in real time as data is collected. The dynamic 3D model module integrating suspended sediment diffusion and water flow merges diffusion data with the water body to form a representation of the movement state of suspended sediment within the water body. Different colors are used in the model for clearer visualization.

[0030] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 7As shown, the dynamic 3D model display and early warning unit includes a dynamic 3D model display module and an early warning alarm module. The dynamic 3D model display module is used to display the dynamic model of suspended sediment diffusion in real time, and the early warning alarm module is used to issue an alarm and notify management personnel when suspended sediment diffuses into the buffer zone of the ecologically sensitive area. The 3D model display module is a high-definition large display screen, and the dynamic 3D model can be rotated and other operations on the screen. The early warning alarm module includes an audible and visual alarm and an automatic SMS or telephone notification module.

[0031] By constructing a three-dimensional spatial model and integrating the diffusion of suspended sediment into the spatial model, the movement direction and speed of suspended sediment can be observed dynamically in real time. The diffusion of floating sediment at different depths can be seen more clearly, which can effectively avoid the situation where suspended sediment diffuses from the bottom and cannot be detected in time. At the same time, a buffer zone is established to leave enough time for handling the diffusion of suspended sediment and prevent ecologically sensitive areas from being polluted.

[0032] Matters not covered in this invention are common knowledge.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An early warning system for the diffusion of suspended sediment into ecologically sensitive areas during the construction period of waterway engineering projects based on drone inspection, characterized by: This includes a pre-construction site data acquisition unit, a 3D model construction unit, a data fusion unit, a UAV water meter observation and data transmission unit, a planned construction data and real-time construction data acquisition and verification unit, a dynamic 3D model unit for the waterway engineering construction site, and a dynamic 3D model display and early warning unit. The pre-construction site data acquisition unit is connected to the 3D model construction unit. The pre-construction site data acquisition unit is used to collect hydrological parameters, underwater soil properties, and underwater topographic data of the waterway engineering construction site. It verifies the hydrological parameters using meteorological parameters to obtain real-time hydrological parameters. The 3D model construction unit... The system is connected to the data fusion unit. The 3D model construction unit for the construction site is used to collect drawings of ecologically sensitive areas and construct buffer boundary zones for these areas. A layered 3D spatial model is constructed based on the waterway engineering construction site data, and physical domains are separated within this model. The UAV water meter observation and data transmission unit, the planned construction data and real-time construction data acquisition and verification unit, and the dynamic 3D model unit for the waterway engineering construction site are all connected to the data fusion unit. The UAV water meter observation and data transmission unit is used to carry a camera to detect water meter image data in real time and transmit the detection data within the water area to the remote data fusion unit. The planned construction data and real-time construction data acquisition and verification unit... The data collection and verification unit is used to collect construction demand data, then analyze the construction intensity based on the demand data, and analyze the suspended sediment diffusion based on the construction intensity and soil data. Simultaneously, it collects real-time meteorological parameters and factual data on suspended sediment diffusion around the construction site. The suspended sediment diffusion situation is verified by analyzing the real-time collected data and meteorological parameters. The data fusion unit is used to isolate the fluid layers in the constructed three-dimensional model, establish a mapping relationship between the fluid and flow data of each layer, and then fuse the flow parameters and fluid to obtain a dynamic model of fluid flow. By incorporating the suspended sediment diffusion into the fluid of each layer, dynamic data on suspended sediment diffusion can be obtained. (Waterway engineering) The dynamic 3D model unit of the construction site is connected to the dynamic 3D model display and early warning unit. The dynamic 3D model unit of the waterway engineering construction site is used to integrate the dynamic data of suspended sediment diffusion with the 3D model constructed by the construction site 3D model construction unit to obtain a 3D model of the real-time dynamic diffusion of suspended sediment in the water during construction. It is layered according to different depths, and each layer can directly display the direction of flow and influencing factors in real time. The dynamic 3D model display and early warning unit is used to display the real-time dynamic diffusion 3D model and predict whether the diffusion and movement of suspended sediment will flow to the boundary buffer zone of the ecologically sensitive area. If so, an early warning notice is issued to allow human intervention.

2. The early warning system for the diffusion of suspended sediment into ecologically sensitive areas during the construction period of waterway engineering based on UAV inspection, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The pre-construction data acquisition unit for waterway engineering includes a spatial hydrological parameter acquisition module, an underwater robot radar underwater topography detection module, a spatial hydrological parameter verification module, and a real-time meteorological parameter acquisition module. The spatial hydrological parameter acquisition module is used to collect hydrological parameters of the construction site. The underwater robot radar underwater topography detection module is used to detect the underwater topography and soil properties, and analyze the amount of suspended sediment floating during construction based on the properties. The real-time meteorological parameter acquisition module is used to collect wind speed and temperature. The spatial hydrological parameter verification module is used to verify the hydrological parameters based on the meteorological parameters and analyze the real-time hydrological parameters of the outer ring.

3. The early warning system for the diffusion of suspended sediment into ecologically sensitive areas during the construction period of waterway engineering based on UAV inspection, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The 3D model construction unit for the construction site includes a module for acquiring ecologically sensitive area drawings, a module for generating ecologically sensitive area boundary buffer zones, a module for constructing a 3D layered space, a module for separating physical domains, and a module for rendering the 3D model of water flow. The module for acquiring ecologically sensitive area drawings is used to obtain ecologically sensitive area drawings from relevant websites. The module for generating ecologically sensitive area boundary buffer zones is used to construct boundary buffer zones around the ecologically sensitive areas, which serve as early warning zones for the spread of suspended sediment. The module for constructing a 3D space model of the water area under construction is used to construct a 3D spatial model of the water area. The module for separating physical domains is used to separate the constructed model into water and land domains, while displaying the 3D coordinates of the entire model. The module for rendering the 3D model of water flow is used to render the constructed model.

4. The early warning system for the diffusion of suspended sediment into ecologically sensitive areas during the construction period of waterway engineering based on UAV inspection, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The planned construction data and real-time construction data acquisition and verification unit includes a construction demand parameter acquisition module, a construction intensity analysis module, a construction suspended sediment diffusion analysis module, a real-time weather acquisition module, a construction period suspended sediment real-time acquisition module, and a suspended sediment diffusion verification module. The construction demand parameter acquisition module is used to obtain the required width and depth of construction from the client's requirements. The construction intensity analysis module analyzes the intensity of the construction process based on the construction period and schedule, and judges the impact of construction on water movement. The construction suspended sediment diffusion analysis module analyzes the suspended sediment diffusion data based on the construction intensity and the properties of the underwater soil. The real-time weather acquisition module is used to collect meteorological parameters in real time during construction. The construction period suspended sediment real-time acquisition module collects the movement speed and direction of suspended sediment in the construction area in real time. The suspended sediment diffusion verification module verifies the suspended sediment diffusion data of the outer ring of the construction area using meteorological parameters and the collected movement speed and direction of suspended sediment.

5. The early warning system for the diffusion of suspended sediment into ecologically sensitive areas during the construction period of waterway engineering based on UAV inspection, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The data fusion unit includes a spatial fluid layer separation module, a fluid layer mapping module, and a fluid fusion module. The spatial fluid layer separation module is used to divide the water area in the constructed three-dimensional spatial model into layers. The fluid layer mapping module is used to construct a mapping relationship between flow and influencing factors for the layered water areas. The fluid fusion module is used to fuse its suspended sediment data with the spatial fluid of each layer to obtain a dynamic model of suspended sediment diffusion as the water flows.

6. The early warning system for the diffusion of suspended sediment into ecologically sensitive areas during the construction period of waterway engineering based on UAV inspection, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The dynamic 3D model unit for waterway engineering construction sites includes a dynamic 3D model module integrating suspended sediment diffusion and water flow, and a layered display module. The dynamic 3D model module integrating suspended sediment diffusion and water flow is used to update the dynamic model of suspended sediment diffusion in real time, changing over time, and then predicting whether suspended sediment will diffuse into the buffer zone of ecologically sensitive areas. The layered display module allows observers to observe the movement of suspended sediment in water at different depths according to their needs. Clicking on different depths will show different movement speeds and directions, and these changes in real time as the data is collected.

7. The early warning system for the diffusion of suspended sediment into ecologically sensitive areas during the construction period of waterway engineering based on UAV inspection, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The dynamic 3D model display and early warning unit includes a dynamic 3D model display module and an early warning alarm module. The dynamic 3D model display module is used to display the dynamic model of suspended sediment diffusion in real time, and the early warning alarm module is used to issue an alarm and notify the management personnel when suspended sediment diffuses into the buffer zone of the ecologically sensitive area.

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