A large-scale water conservancy seepage real-time detection device and method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and discloses a large-scale hydraulic engineering seepage real-time detection device which comprises a pre-buried structure, a detection unit and an adjusting mechanism, the detection unit and the adjusting mechanism are located in the interior of the pre-buried structure, the pre-buried structure further comprises a vertical shell and annular independent bins, the annular independent bins are located in the interior of the vertical shell, the number of the annular independent bins is set to be multiple, and the multiple annular independent bins are vertically distributed in the interior of the vertical shell. The multiple annular independent bins vertically and intervally arranged in the vertical shell are matched with a horizontal flow guide pipe and a seepage sensor, the mutual interference of layered monitoring data of an existing device is effectively solved, independent collection of seepage data of soil bodies at different depths is realized, cooperation of an inner pipe, a moving ring and a top rod can complete self-cleaning of filter holes, filter hole blockage affecting monitoring is avoided, a movable wing structure can prevent the device from sinking, the overall structure is suitable for long-term pre-burial, and the accuracy and continuity of monitoring are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, and in particular to a real-time seepage detection device and method for large-scale water conservancy projects. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction and long-term operation of large-scale water conservancy projects (such as reservoirs, dams, and canals), real-time monitoring of underground soil seepage is a core element in ensuring the structural safety of the project and preventing seepage disasters. Soil seepage can lead to changes in groundwater levels and abnormal pore water pressure in the soil. Over the long term, this can easily cause safety hazards such as piping, landslides, and settlement in dams, and in severe cases, can cause damage to the project. Therefore, achieving accurate, real-time, and long-term monitoring of underground soil seepage data is of great significance for the safe operation and maintenance of water conservancy projects.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN120577186A discloses a seepage detection device for hydraulic engineering structures, including a connecting seat, a first baffle, a second baffle, a driving component, and an inflation component. This invention uses the driving component to adjust the distance between the two first baffles to seal rectangular ditches of different widths, and adjusts the distance between the two first baffles and the rotation angle of the two second baffles to seal trapezoidal ditches of different cross-sections, thus improving the applicability of the sealing mechanism. When the two first baffles move, friction between the first-face sealing airbag and the first baffle is avoided, reducing the probability of damage to the first-face sealing airbag. Similarly, when the second baffle rotates, friction between the second-face sealing airbag and the second baffle is avoided, reducing the probability of damage to the second-face sealing airbag. This improves the sealing effect of the first-face sealing airbag on the side wall gaps of the two first baffles, and also improves the sealing effect of the second-face sealing airbag on the side wall gaps of both the first and second baffles.

[0004] In the aforementioned existing technologies, it has been found that during seepage detection, the detection devices are mostly single monitoring structures, lacking independent layered monitoring spaces. This makes it impossible to independently collect seepage data at different soil depths, easily leading to interference between monitoring data from different levels and resulting in low monitoring accuracy. Secondly, the flow guiding structures mostly adopt a single filter hole design, which is easily blocked by soil particles during long-term pre-embedding. If the blockage cannot be cleaned in time, the seepage water cannot smoothly enter the detection area, further affecting the continuity and accuracy of monitoring data, and even causing the detection device to fail. In addition, under the long-term effects of soil stress, seepage impact, and soil settlement, the device is prone to sinking, displacement, or structural deformation, making it impossible to maintain a stable monitoring posture over a long period. Furthermore, after the device is pre-embedded, it is tightly integrated with the surrounding soil, making it difficult to remove the device from the soil after detection. This not only increases the construction difficulty but also easily causes damage to the device, making it unusable. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a real-time seepage detection device and method for large-scale water conservancy projects to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A real-time seepage detection device for large-scale water conservancy projects includes a pre-embedded structure, a detection unit, and an adjustment mechanism. The pre-embedded structure includes a vertical outer shell and an annular independent chamber. The annular independent chamber is located inside the vertical outer shell. The number of annular independent chambers is set to multiple, and the multiple annular independent chambers are vertically distributed inside the vertical outer shell. A gap is set between the multiple annular independent chambers.

[0008] The detection unit includes a seepage sensor and a transverse guide tube. One end of the transverse guide tube is connected to the interior of the annular independent chamber, and the other end of the transverse guide tube passes through the annular independent chamber and the vertical outer shell and extends to the outside. The outer surface of the transverse guide tube is provided with multiple filter holes.

[0009] The adjustment mechanism includes an inner tube located inside the transverse guide tube. The inner wall of the inner tube is provided with a spiral guide groove, and the transverse guide tube is provided with a movable ring that slides through the spiral guide groove. The outer side of the movable ring is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion is located inside the spiral guide groove.

[0010] Preferably, a linear drive device is provided on the side of the moving ring away from the transverse guide tube, and one side of the moving ring is connected to the linear drive device, which pushes the moving ring to move linearly along the inner wall of the inner tube.

[0011] The linear drive device has a mounting plate at one end away from the moving ring. A detection chamber is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting plate. The detection chamber is located inside the annular independent chamber. The interior of the detection chamber is connected to the transverse guide pipe. The surface of the inner pipe has the same filter holes as the transverse guide pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of push rods are slidably provided on the outer side of the inner tube, and the diameter of the push rods is consistent with the diameter of the filter holes on the transverse guide tube. Each of the push rods is provided with a return spring at the end away from the transverse guide tube. The return springs are used to reset the push rods. When the return springs are in their natural state, the push rods are located inside the filter holes on the transverse guide tube. When the return springs are in their compressed state, the push rods are located on the inner wall surface of the transverse guide tube. The end of the push rods near the return springs is set as a double-sided wedge shape.

[0013] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism further includes a control compartment located at the bottom of the vertical outer shell. The control compartment is equipped with a drive power supply, and the output end of the drive power supply is fixedly provided with a connecting ring. The outer surface of the connecting ring is provided with movable winglets, and the number of movable winglets is set to multiple groups. Each group of movable winglets consists of at least three winglets, which are equidistant from each other along the outer circumference of the connecting ring. Each group of movable winglets is longitudinally symmetrically arranged inside the control compartment.

[0014] Preferably, a micro motor is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the control chamber. The output end of the micro motor is connected to a set of movable vanes away from the driving power source. The micro motor can drive the set of movable vanes to rotate inside the control chamber. Each movable vane consists of two sections, with the end closer to the driving power source and the micro motor being a horizontal section, and the end of the multiple sets of movable vanes away from the driving power source and the micro motor being an inclined section.

[0015] Preferably, the angle between the horizontal and inclined sections of the movable wing is an obtuse angle, a misalignment groove is provided on one side of the inner wall of the control compartment, and the control compartment is provided with grooves between the two sets of movable winglets, and a sealing strip is provided on the side of the inner wall of the control compartment near the misalignment groove and the groove.

[0016] Preferably, the embedded structure includes a bottom fixing plate located on the outer side of the top of the embedded structure. The bottom fixing plate has bolt connecting rods inside, and the number of bolt connecting rods is at least three, with multiple bolt connecting rods circumferentially distributed inside the bottom fixing plate.

[0017] Preferably, the number of the bottom fixing plates is at least two, with one bottom fixing plate located on the outer side of the pre-embedded structure near the top and the other bottom fixing plate located on the outer side of the pre-embedded structure near the bottom. Multiple radial fixing plates are provided between the two bottom fixing plates, and the outer sides of the multiple radial fixing plates are fixedly connected to the outer surface of each bolt connecting rod.

[0018] This invention also provides a method for real-time detection of seepage in large-scale water conservancy projects, utilizing the real-time seepage detection device for large-scale water conservancy projects described in the foregoing technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1. The detection device is pre-embedded in the target soil, so that the multiple annular independent chambers correspond to different soil depths;

[0020] S2. Water in soil at different depths enters the corresponding annular independent chamber through the filter holes on the transverse guide pipe, and is detected in real time by the seepage sensor in the annular independent chamber to obtain seepage data.

[0021] S3. Drive the moving ring to move along the inner tube axis. Through the cooperation of the protrusion and the spiral guide groove, the linear motion of the moving ring is converted into the rotational motion of the inner tube, so as to change the relative circumferential position of the inner tube and the transverse guide tube.

[0022] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. This invention effectively solves the problem of mutual interference of layered monitoring data in existing devices by using multiple annular independent chambers arranged vertically at intervals inside a vertical outer shell, in conjunction with a horizontal guide pipe and a seepage sensor. It enables independent acquisition of seepage data in soil at different depths. The cooperation of the inner pipe, moving ring and top rod can complete the self-cleaning of the filter holes, avoiding filter hole blockage and affecting monitoring. The movable wing structure can prevent the device from sinking. The overall structure is suitable for long-term pre-embedding, improving the accuracy and continuity of monitoring.

[0024] 2. This invention enhances the overall strength of the embedded structure through the synergy of the bottom fixing plate, bolted connecting rods, and radial fixing plate, preventing deformation or damage to the device due to changes in soil stress. The sealing strip within the control chamber provides sealing protection, preventing soil and water from entering and damaging internal electronic components, thus extending the device's service life. The movable wing adopts a two-section structure; after detection, it can be misaligned via a micro-motor, and the high-speed movement of the moving ring generates vibration, assisting in the device's extraction from the soil, reducing construction difficulty, preventing device damage, and enabling reuse. The coordinated operation of all structures allows for long-term, stable, and stratified real-time monitoring of soil seepage in large-scale water conservancy projects without complex operations. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly state of the transverse guide tube and inner tube of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the inner tube in the open state of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly state of the inner tube and the push rod of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the control chamber and related structures of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the micro motor, drive power supply, and movable winglets of the present invention in their installed state.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Embedded structure; 101. Bottom fixing plate; 102. Bolt connecting rod; 103. Radial fixing plate; 104. Annular independent compartment; 105. Vertical outer shell; 2. Adjustment mechanism; 201. Control compartment; 202. Return spring; 203. Movable wing; 204. Mounting plate; 205. Linear drive device; 206. Micro motor; 207. Drive power supply; 208. Inner tube; 209. Top rod; 210. Moving ring; 211. Groove; 212. Misalignment groove; 213. Connecting ring; 214. Spiral guide groove; 3. Detection unit; 301. Transverse guide pipe; 302. Seepage sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] This invention provides, for example Figures 1 to 8 The device shown is a real-time seepage detection device for a large-scale water conservancy project, including a pre-embedded structure 1, a detection unit 3, and an adjustment mechanism 2. The detection unit 3 and the adjustment mechanism 2 are both located inside the pre-embedded structure 1. The detection unit, together with the adjustment mechanism 2, can monitor the groundwater seepage data in real time. The pre-embedded structure 1 can provide support for the detection unit 3 and the adjustment mechanism 2 to avoid damage during the soil seepage detection process. The top of the pre-embedded structure 1 is provided with a stratum fixing unit, which can provide a limit for the pre-embedded structure 1 to prevent the pre-embedded structure 1 from sinking and displacing during long-term use.

[0036] The embedded structure 1 includes a bottom fixing plate 101, which is located on the outer side of the top of the embedded structure 1. The bottom fixing plate 101 has bolt connecting rods 102 inside, and the number of bolt connecting rods 102 is at least three. The bolt connecting rods 102 are circumferentially distributed inside the bottom fixing plate 101. The number of bottom fixing plates 101 is at least two. One bottom fixing plate 101 is located on the outer side of the embedded structure 1 near the top, and the other bottom fixing plate 101 is located on the outer side of the embedded structure 1 near the bottom. A plurality of radial fixing plates 103 are provided between the two bottom fixing plates 101. The outer side of the plurality of radial fixing plates 103 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of each bolt connecting rod 102. The plurality of radial fixing plates 103 are used to provide strength to the outer surface of the embedded structure 1 to avoid deformation or damage caused by stress generated by soil changes during real-time seepage monitoring.

[0037] The pre-embedded structure 1 also includes a vertical outer shell 105 and an annular independent chamber 104. The annular independent chamber 104 is located inside the vertical outer shell 105. There are at least three annular independent chambers 104, and multiple annular independent chambers 104 are vertically distributed inside the vertical outer shell 105. There are intervals between the multiple annular independent chambers 104. The interior of each annular independent chamber 104 is connected to the detection unit 3. The multiple annular independent chambers 104, together with the detection unit 3, can monitor the seepage data of different soil structures in real time according to different setting heights.

[0038] The detection unit 3 includes a seepage sensor 302 and a transverse guide pipe 301. One end of the transverse guide pipe 301 is connected to the interior of the annular independent chamber 104, and the other end of the transverse guide pipe 301 passes through the annular independent chamber 104 and the vertical outer shell 105 and extends to the outside. The outer side of the transverse guide pipe 301 can absorb water in the soil and guide the water into the interior of the annular independent chamber 104 to cooperate with the seepage sensor 302 to detect the seepage data of the soil in real time. The outer surface of the transverse guide pipe 301 is provided with multiple filter holes. The pore size of the multiple filter holes can block soil particles and allow water in the soil to seep into the transverse guide pipe 301. The interior of the transverse guide pipe 301 is rotatably connected to the adjustment mechanism 2. The detection unit 3 also includes a seepage sensor 302, which is located inside the annular independent chamber 104. The seepage sensor 302 can be a capacitive soil moisture sensor or a vibrating wire pore water pressure sensor, etc., used in water conservancy projects to detect seepage data.

[0039] The adjustment mechanism 2 includes an inner tube 208, which is located inside the transverse guide tube 301. A spiral guide groove 214 is formed on the inner wall of the inner tube 208, and a moving ring 210 is slidably mounted on the transverse guide tube 301 through the spiral guide groove 214. A protrusion is provided on the outer side of the moving ring 210, and the protrusion is located inside the spiral guide groove 214. One side of the moving ring 210 is connected to a linear drive device 205, which can push the moving ring 210 to move linearly along the inner wall of the inner tube 208. A mounting plate 204 is provided at the end of the linear drive device 205 away from the moving ring 210. A detection chamber is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting plate 204, located inside an annular independent chamber 104. The interior of the detection chamber is connected to the transverse guide tube 301. Electronic components such as the seepage sensor 302 and the linear drive device 205 are located between the detection chamber and the annular independent chamber 104. The surface of the inner tube 208 has the same filter holes as the transverse guide tube 301.

[0040] Multiple push rods 209 are slidably provided on the outer side of the inner tube 208, and the diameter of the push rods 209 is consistent with the diameter of the filter holes on the transverse guide tube 301. Each of the multiple push rods 209 is provided with a return spring 202 at the end away from the transverse guide tube 301. The multiple return springs 202 are used to reset the multiple push rods 209. When the multiple return springs 202 are in the natural state, the multiple push rods 209 are located inside the filter holes on the transverse guide tube 301. When the multiple return springs 202 are in the compressed state, the multiple push rods 209 are located on the inner wall surface of the transverse guide tube 301, and the end of the multiple push rods 209 near the return spring 202 is set as a double-sided wedge.

[0041] The adjustment mechanism 2 also includes a control compartment 201, which is located at the bottom of the vertical outer shell 105. The control compartment 201 is equipped with a drive power supply 207. The drive power supply 207 can be a linear drive device such as an electric push rod or an electromagnetic structure. The output end of the drive power supply 207 is fixedly equipped with a connecting ring 213. The outer surface of the connecting ring 213 is equipped with movable winglets 203. The number of movable winglets 203 is set to multiple groups. Each group of movable winglets 203 consists of at least three winglets, which are equidistant from the outer circumference of the connecting ring 213. Each group of movable winglets 203 is longitudinally symmetrically arranged inside the control compartment 201.

[0042] A micro motor 206 is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the control chamber 201. The output end of the micro motor 206 is connected to a set of movable vanes 203 away from the drive power source 207. The micro motor 206 can drive the set of movable vanes 203 to rotate inside the control chamber 201. Each movable vane 203 is composed of two sections. The end closer to the drive power source 207 and the micro motor 206 is a horizontal section, while the end of the multiple sets of movable vanes 203 away from the drive power source 207 and the micro motor 206 is an inclined section. The angle between the horizontal section and the inclined section of the movable vane 203 is an obtuse angle, preferably 150°. A misalignment groove 212 is provided on one side of the inner wall of the control chamber 201, and a groove 211 is provided between the two sets of movable vanes 203 in the control chamber 201. A sealing strip is provided on the side of the inner wall of the control chamber 201 close to the misalignment groove 212 and the groove 211.

[0043] In use, first, place the device in the area requiring real-time monitoring and inside the pre-excavated observation pit, ensuring the device is vertically positioned so that the axis of the vertical outer shell 105 is parallel to the depth of the pit. This initial positioning prevents the device from tilting and affecting subsequent monitoring accuracy. Simultaneously, ensure the control chamber 201 is located at the bottom of the vertical outer shell 105, conforming to the soil at the bottom of the pit. The sealing strip on the inner wall of the control chamber 201 provides a seal, preventing soil and water from entering. After initial positioning, the device is then fixed in place by the ground fixing unit at the top of the pre-embedded structure 1, ensuring the bottom... The bolts 102 on the bottom fixing plate 101 are driven into the stable soil around the foundation pit to ensure that at least two sets of bottom fixing plates 101 are respectively attached to the soil structure at the top and bottom of the foundation pit. At the same time, multiple sets of circumferentially distributed bolts 102 cooperate with the radial fixing plate 103. The outer side of the radial fixing plate 103 is fixedly connected to each bolt 102, which strengthens the vertical shell 105, improves the overall strength of the embedded structure 1, and prevents the device from deforming or being damaged due to changes in soil stress and seepage during long-term monitoring. This provides a stable and safe operating environment for the internal detection unit 3 and adjustment mechanism 2.

[0044] Inside the vertical outer shell 105 of the pre-embedded structure 1, at least three annular independent chambers 104 are vertically distributed. These chambers are spaced apart and are deployed synchronously to different depths of the soil during the pre-embedding process. Each annular independent chamber 104 is connected to a set of detection units 3, effectively preventing interference between seepage monitoring data at different depths and providing independent installation and operation space for stratified seepage monitoring. After the device enters a stable monitoring state, one end of the transverse guide pipe 301 is connected to the interior of the annular independent chamber 104, and the other end extends through the annular independent chamber 104 and the vertical outer shell 105 into the surrounding soil. Multiple filter holes on the outer surface of the transverse guide pipe 301 effectively prevent soil particles from entering the pipe while allowing water in the soil to seep smoothly into the transverse guide pipe 301. The inner pipe 208 is located inside the transverse guide pipe 301. Its surface is provided with filter holes identical to those of the transverse guide pipe 301, which can assist in the drainage of water in the soil and further ensure the smooth introduction of seepage water. The seepage water enters the pipe body through the filter holes of the transverse guide pipe 301 and the inner pipe 208, and is continuously guided to the detection chamber inside the annular independent chamber 104. The detection chamber is located inside the annular independent chamber 104 and is interconnected with the transverse guide pipe 301. The seepage sensor 302 is installed inside the annular independent chamber 104. The seepage sensor 302 (which can be a capacitive soil moisture sensor or a vibrating wire pore water pressure sensor) is in direct contact with the seepage water, capturing soil seepage-related data in real time and completing accurate monitoring of soil seepage at the corresponding depth level. The circuits of the seepage sensor 302 and other electronic components such as the linear drive device 205 are arranged between the detection chamber and the annular independent chamber 104 to avoid damage to the circuits by soaking in the seepage water.

[0045] Throughout the monitoring process, the pre-embedded structure 1 provides overall support and positioning. Through the coordination of the bottom fixing plate 101, bolt connecting rod 102, radial fixing plate 103, and vertical shell 105, it provides stable support for the device. The detection unit 3 is responsible for the real-time acquisition of layered seepage data. Through the cooperation of the transverse guide pipe 301, the detection chamber, and the seepage sensor 302, it achieves accurate monitoring of soil seepage data at different depths. The adjustment mechanism 2 only provides basic positional adaptation to ensure the stable operation of the detection unit 3. The three work together without additional complex operations to achieve long-term, stable, and layered real-time monitoring of soil seepage in large-scale water conservancy projects, ensuring the accuracy and continuity of monitoring data and meeting the core requirements of seepage monitoring in water conservancy projects.

[0046] When soil particles clog the filter holes on the surface of the transverse guide pipe 301, affecting the flow of seepage water and the accuracy of monitoring, the device enters the cleaning mode. Its working principle is as follows: the entire process relies on the coordinated action of the linear drive device 205 of the adjustment mechanism 2, the moving ring 210, the inner pipe 208, the top rod 209, and the return spring 202 to achieve precise cleaning of the filter hole blockage.

[0047] Before the cleaning mode is activated, the device is in the initial monitoring state. At this time, the filter holes on the surface of the inner tube 208 correspond one-to-one with the filter holes on the surface of the transverse guide tube 301, ensuring that the seepage water can smoothly pass through the double filter holes and enter the tube body to achieve multiple filtration. At the same time, the top rod 209 on the outside of the inner tube 208 is in the retracted state, the return spring 202 is in the compressed state, and the end of the top rod 209 near the inner wall of the transverse guide tube 301 abuts against the inner wall of the transverse guide tube 301 and does not extend into the filter holes on the transverse guide tube 301. This initial state can not only improve the filtration effect of the seepage water, but also increase the structural strength of the transverse guide tube 301 itself, and prevent it from deforming due to long-term soil stress.

[0048] After the cleaning mode is activated, the linear drive device 205 begins operation, driving the moving ring 210 to move linearly along the inner wall of the inner tube 208. Because the protrusions on the outer side of the moving ring 210 are embedded in the spiral guide groove 214 on the inner wall of the inner tube 208, during the linear movement of the moving ring 210, the protrusions and the spiral guide groove 214 cooperate to generate a rotational force, thereby causing the inner tube 208 to rotate synchronously inside the transverse guide tube 301. As the inner tube 208 rotates, the filter holes on the surface of the inner tube 208 and the filter holes on the surface of the transverse guide tube 301 gradually deviate from their corresponding positions, no longer coinciding, and misalignment begins to occur.

[0049] The inner tube 208 rotates continuously. When the push rod 209 on the inner tube 208 moves to the corresponding position of the filter hole on the transverse guide tube 301, the return spring 202, which was originally in a compressed state, begins to release elastic potential energy, pushing the push rod 209 to push out quickly toward the filter hole of the transverse guide tube 301. The end of the push rod 209 extends into the filter hole of the transverse guide tube 301, pushing out the soil particles that are blocking the filter hole, thereby achieving the initial cleaning of the filter hole of the transverse guide tube 301 and ensuring that the filter hole is unobstructed.

[0050] During the linear drive device 205 driving the moving ring 210 to move linearly along the inner tube 208, if the moving ring 210 moves to a certain area and the resistance at the bottom of the push rod 209 (double-sided wedge structure) increases significantly, it is determined that the filter holes of the transverse guide tube 301 in that area are severely blocked. At this time, the linear drive device 205 adjusts its operating mode and drives the moving ring 210 to reciprocate linearly in the area with greater resistance, causing the inner tube 208 to rotate reciprocally in this area. Under the combined action of the elastic force of the return spring 202 and the squeezing force of the moving ring 210, the push rod 209 repeatedly pushes and cleans the severely blocked filter holes. When the moving ring 210 moves to the bottom of the push rod 209 and applies a pushing force to it, the bottom of the push rod 209 is not only subjected to the upward pushing force of the return spring 202, but also to the transverse squeezing force applied by the moving ring 210. The dual forces push the push rod 209 to continuously push out towards the filter holes of the transverse guide tube 301, thoroughly removing the blockage particles in the filter holes and ensuring the cleaning effect.

[0051] After cleaning, the linear drive device 205 drives the moving ring 210 to move linearly in the opposite direction. With the cooperation of the protrusion and the spiral guide groove 214, the inner tube 208 rotates in the opposite direction until the filter holes on the inner tube 208 correspond one by one with the filter holes on the transverse guide tube 301. The top rod 209 retracts under the action of the reset spring 202, and its end abuts against the inner wall of the transverse guide tube 301. The device returns to the initial monitoring state and continues to monitor the seepage data in real time. The cleaning process does not affect the stability and accuracy of the device's subsequent monitoring.

[0052] It should be noted that: when the relevant mechanisms inside the control compartment 201 at the bottom of the vertical outer shell 105 are activated, relying on the coordinated action of the drive power supply 207, the micro motor 206, and the adjustment mechanism 2, and in conjunction with the state switching of the movable wing 203, the soil loosening and easy removal of the device are achieved. The specific working principle is as follows:

[0053] The two sets of movable vanes 203 inside the control chamber 201 are driven by the power supply 207 to make them fit together in the initial state. The horizontal sections are tightly connected, and the inclined sections are aligned and open outward at a 150° obtuse angle. At this time, the movable vanes 203 are in a retracted state, fitting into the groove 211 on the inner wall of the control chamber 201. Together with the sealing strip on the inner wall of the control chamber 201, they achieve sealing protection, preventing soil and water from entering the control chamber 201, while not affecting the normal monitoring of the device.

[0054] During normal monitoring, to prevent the device from sinking due to long-term pre-embedding and soil settlement, the drive power supply 207 (which can be a linear drive device such as an electric push rod or an electromagnetic structure) will start in a timely manner. Its output end drives the connecting ring 213 and a set of movable blades 203 fixed thereto to move longitudinally, so that the distance between the two sets of movable blades 203 that were originally close to each other gradually increases. As the distance increases, the inclined ends of the two sets of movable blades 203 are further spread outward, making close contact with the surrounding soil. Utilizing the wedge tightening effect of a 150° obtuse angle, the stress between the movable blades 203 and the soil is increased, forming a stable support structure, effectively preventing the device from sinking and ensuring the stability of the device during monitoring.

[0055] When the seepage detection work in the soil structure of the area is completed and the device is ready to be pulled out, the micro motor 206 is started first. The output end of the micro motor 206 drives a set of movable blades 203 connected to it to rotate along the misalignment groove 212 on the inner wall of the control chamber 201. This causes the set of movable blades 203 to be misaligned with another set of fixed movable blades 203. The horizontal ends of the two sets of movable blades 203 are no longer in contact, and the inclined ends are misaligned with each other. This breaks the original contact balance with the soil, reduces the contact area between the movable blades 203 and the soil, reduces the frictional resistance during the pull-out, and prepares for the subsequent pull-out of the device.

[0056] Subsequently, the staff began preparing to remove the device. At this time, the linear drive device 205 of the adjustment mechanism 2 was activated, causing the moving ring 210 to move linearly along the inner wall of the inner tube 208. Compared with the normal monitoring and cleaning mode, the movement speed of the moving ring 210 increased significantly. Due to the continuous high-speed linear movement of the moving ring 210, the protrusion on its outer side will continuously collide with the bottom (double-sided wedge structure) of the outer push rod 209 of the inner tube 208 during the sliding process, producing two key effects: firstly, the impact force generated by the collision, in conjunction with the return spring 20 The elastic force of the second component drives the top rod 209 to reciprocate rapidly, repeatedly pushing the filter holes and the outside of the transverse guide pipe 301, quickly removing soil impurities attached to the outside of the transverse guide pipe 301, and preventing impurities from sticking together and increasing the pull-out resistance; secondly, the continuous collision will cause the inner tube 208, the transverse guide pipe 301 and the entire device to generate a continuous vibration state. This vibration is transmitted to the surrounding soil, breaking the original structural balance of the soil, increasing the gap between soil particles, making the whole loose, and further reducing the friction between the device and the soil.

[0057] While the device continues to vibrate and impurities in the transverse guide pipe 301 are removed, the drive power supply 207 restarts, driving one set of movable vanes 203 to move up and down reciprocally. The inclined end of the movable vane 203 continuously presses the soil at the bottom, causing the soil at the bottom of the device to loosen. At the same time, the micro motor 206 continues to work, driving another set of movable vanes 203 to reciprocate along the misalignment groove 212 on the inner wall of the control chamber 201. During the deflection process, the inclined end of the movable vane 203 continuously disturbs the surrounding soil at different depths, causing the multi-layered soil structure to be continuously disturbed, gradually resulting in large-area loosening and completely disintegrating the soil's enveloping force on the device.

[0058] When the bottom and surrounding layers of soil are loose, and the impurities on the outside of the transverse guide pipe 301 have been thoroughly removed and the movable blades 203 are in a misaligned drag-reducing state, the staff only needs to apply a small pulling force to easily pull the entire device out of the soil. No complicated operation is required throughout the process. Relying on the coordinated action of each mechanism, the problem of the device being difficult to pull out after pre-embedding and easily getting stuck in the soil is effectively solved. At the same time, the core components of the device, such as the detection unit 3 and the adjustment mechanism 2, are avoided during the pulling process, ensuring that the device can be reused in the future.

[0059] It is worth noting that the sealing strip inside the control chamber 201 is located near the misalignment groove 212 and the recess 211. During the up-and-down movement or deflection of the movable vane 203, it always fits the gap between the edge of the movable vane 203 and the inner wall of the control chamber 201, effectively preventing external soil impurities and water from entering the control chamber 201, ensuring that the movement of the movable vane 203 is not hindered by impurities. At the same time, the sealing strip provides reliable sealing protection, preventing soil and water from entering and damaging internal electronic components, thus extending the service life of the device. Secondly, because the detection chamber and the transverse guide pipe 301 are interconnected, seepage water is prone to infiltrate. Therefore, the linear drive device 205 needs to be equipped with a waterproof structure. Specifically, a waterproof cover can be installed on the outside of the device, with moisture-resistant and corrosion-resistant rubber sealing rings installed at the interfaces with the detection chamber and the device to ensure a tight seal. Alternatively, a waterproof linear drive device 205 with a protection rating of not less than IP67 can be selected to adapt to underground damp conditions with seepage water, preventing seepage water from contacting the internal components of the device.

[0060] The present invention also provides a detection method for a real-time seepage detection device for large-scale water conservancy projects, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1. The device is pre-embedded in the target soil, so that multiple annular independent chambers 104 correspond to different soil depths;

[0062] S2. Water in soil at different depths enters the corresponding annular independent chamber 104 through the filter holes on the transverse diversion pipe 301, and is detected in real time by the seepage sensor 302 in the annular independent chamber 104 to obtain seepage data.

[0063] S3. Drive the moving ring 210 to move along the axis of the inner tube 208. Through the cooperation of the protrusion and the spiral guide groove 214, the linear motion of the moving ring 210 is converted into the rotational motion of the inner tube 208, so as to change the relative circumferential position of the inner tube 208 and the transverse guide tube 301.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time seepage detection device for large-scale water conservancy projects, comprising a pre-embedded structure (1), a detection unit (3), and an adjustment mechanism (2), characterized in that: The pre-embedded structure (1) includes a vertical outer shell (105) and an annular independent compartment (104). The annular independent compartment (104) is located inside the vertical outer shell (105). The number of the annular independent compartments (104) is set to multiple, and the multiple annular independent compartments (104) are vertically distributed inside the vertical outer shell (105). The multiple annular independent compartments (104) are spaced apart. The detection unit (3) includes a seepage sensor (302) and a transverse guide tube (301). One end of the transverse guide tube (301) is connected to the interior of the annular independent chamber (104), and the other end of the transverse guide tube (301) passes through the annular independent chamber (104) and the vertical outer shell (105) and extends to the outside. The outer surface of the transverse guide tube (301) is provided with multiple filter holes. The adjustment mechanism (2) includes an inner tube (208), which is located inside the transverse guide tube (301). The inner wall of the inner tube (208) is provided with a spiral guide groove (214), and the transverse guide tube (301) is provided with a moving ring (210) through the spiral guide groove (214). The outer side of the moving ring (210) is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion is located inside the spiral guide groove (214).

2. The real-time seepage detection device for large-scale water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving ring (210) is provided with a linear drive device (205) on the side away from the transverse guide pipe (301). One side of the moving ring (210) is connected to the linear drive device (205). The linear drive device (205) pushes the moving ring (210) to move linearly along the inner wall of the inner pipe (208). The linear drive device (205) has an installation plate (204) at one end away from the moving ring (210). A detection chamber is fixedly provided on the top of the installation plate (204). The detection chamber is located inside the annular independent chamber (104). The interior of the detection chamber is connected to the transverse guide pipe (301). The surface of the inner pipe (208) is provided with the same filter holes as the transverse guide pipe (301).

3. The real-time seepage detection device for large-scale water conservancy projects according to claim 2, characterized in that: Multiple push rods (209) are slidably provided on the outer side of the inner tube (208), and the diameter of the push rods (209) is consistent with the diameter of the filter holes on the transverse guide tube (301). Each of the multiple push rods (209) is provided with a return spring (202) at the end away from the transverse guide tube (301). The multiple return springs (202) are used to reset the multiple push rods (209). When the multiple return springs (202) are in the natural state, the multiple push rods (209) are located inside the filter holes on the transverse guide tube (301). When the multiple return springs (202) are in the compressed state, the multiple push rods (209) are located on the inner wall surface of the transverse guide tube (301). The end of the multiple push rods (209) near the return springs (202) is set as a double-sided wedge.

4. The real-time seepage detection device for large-scale water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (2) further includes a control compartment (201), which is located at the bottom of the vertical outer shell (105). The control compartment (201) is equipped with a drive power supply (207). The output end of the drive power supply (207) is fixedly equipped with a connecting ring (213). The outer surface of the connecting ring (213) is equipped with movable winglets (203). The number of movable winglets (203) is set to multiple groups. Each group of movable winglets (203) consists of at least three winglets, which are equidistant from the outer circumference of the connecting ring (213). Each group of movable winglets (203) is longitudinally symmetrically arranged inside the control compartment (201).

5. The real-time seepage detection device for large-scale water conservancy projects according to claim 4, characterized in that: A micro motor (206) is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the control chamber (201). The output end of the micro motor (206) is connected to a set of movable vanes (203) away from the drive power source (207). The micro motor (206) can drive a set of movable vanes (203) to rotate inside the control chamber (201). Each movable vane (203) is composed of two sections, with the end closer to the drive power source (207) and the micro motor (206) being a horizontal section and the end away from the drive power source (207) and the micro motor (206) being an inclined section.

6. The real-time seepage detection device for large-scale water conservancy projects according to claim 5, characterized in that: The angle between the horizontal and inclined sections of the movable wing (203) is an obtuse angle. A misalignment groove (212) is provided on one side of the inner wall of the control chamber (201), and a groove (211) is provided between the two sets of movable wing (203) of the control chamber (201). A sealing strip is provided on the side of the inner wall of the control chamber (201) near the misalignment groove (212) and the groove (211).

7. The real-time seepage detection device for large-scale water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-embedded structure (1) includes a bottom fixing plate (101), which is located on the outer side of the top of the pre-embedded structure (1). The bottom fixing plate (101) is provided with bolt connecting rods (102) inside. The number of bolt connecting rods (102) is at least three, and multiple bolt connecting rods (102) are circumferentially distributed inside the bottom fixing plate (101).

8. The real-time seepage detection device for large-scale water conservancy projects according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the bottom fixing plates (101) is at least two, and one bottom fixing plate (101) is located on the outer side of the pre-embedded structure (1) near the top, while the other bottom fixing plate (101) is located on the outer side of the pre-embedded structure (1) near the bottom. A plurality of radial fixing plates (103) are provided between the two bottom fixing plates (101), and the outer sides of the plurality of radial fixing plates (103) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of each bolt connecting rod (102).

9. A method for real-time detection of seepage in large-scale water conservancy projects, implemented using the real-time seepage detection device for large-scale water conservancy projects as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. First, the device is pre-embedded in the target soil so that the multiple annular independent chambers (104) correspond to different soil depths; S2. Then, the water in the soil at different depths enters the corresponding annular independent chamber (104) through the filter holes on the transverse diversion pipe (301), and is detected in real time by the seepage sensor (302) in the annular independent chamber (104) to obtain seepage data. S3. Finally, drive the moving ring (210) to move along the axis of the inner tube (208). Through the cooperation of the protrusion and the spiral guide groove (214), the linear motion of the moving ring (210) is converted into the rotational motion of the inner tube (208) to change the relative circumferential position of the inner tube (208) and the transverse guide tube (301).

Images