A precipitation soil erosion and microbial respiration monitoring device
By designing a monitoring device consisting of components such as a water collection trough, baffles, water storage tank, and sensors, the problem of not being able to simultaneously monitor soil erosion and microbial respiration in existing technologies has been solved, enabling synchronous monitoring and providing basic data on soil environmental dynamics.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHENGZHOU UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing monitoring equipment cannot effectively monitor soil erosion and microbial respiration simultaneously, resulting in blind spots in the comprehensive assessment of the soil environment, and traditional methods consume a lot of manpower and resources.
A device was designed that includes a precipitation regulation unit, an erosion collection unit, a precipitation monitoring unit, and a microbial respiration monitoring unit. Through components such as a water collection trough, baffles, a water storage tank, a CO2 sensor, and a temperature and humidity sensor, the device can simultaneously monitor soil erosion and microbial respiration.
It enables simultaneous monitoring of soil erosion and microbial respiration, providing fundamental data for a deeper understanding of soil environmental dynamics and adapting to changing climates and geographical environments.
Smart Images
Figure CN122193550A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of monitoring equipment technology, and in particular to a monitoring device for precipitation soil erosion and microbial respiration. Background Technology
[0002] Climate change has profoundly impacted the soil environment, manifesting in two main aspects: soil erosion and soil microbial activity. Precipitation, as a major factor influencing soil erosion, is particularly pronounced in these regions. Changes in precipitation directly affect the degree of soil erosion, thereby impacting soil quality and ecosystem health. On the other hand, soil microbial respiration, as a crucial process for soil organic matter cycling and nutrient transformation, is essential for understanding and predicting soil responses to climate change.
[0003] Effective monitoring of soil erosion and microbial activity faces numerous challenges under varying climatic conditions and complex geographical environments. Traditional soil monitoring methods often require substantial human and material resources and are difficult to implement in these areas. Furthermore, existing monitoring equipment often cannot simultaneously consider both soil erosion and microbial respiration, resulting in blind spots in the comprehensive assessment of the soil environment.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a device that can simultaneously monitor soil erosion and microbial respiration. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a monitoring device for precipitation soil erosion and microbial respiration to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a precipitation soil erosion and microbial respiration monitoring device, comprising a precipitation regulation unit, an erosion collection unit, a precipitation monitoring unit, and a microbial respiration monitoring unit. The precipitation monitoring unit is disposed on one side of the precipitation regulation unit, and the erosion collection unit is disposed below one side of the precipitation regulation unit. The precipitation regulation unit is used to regulate the amount of precipitation to simulate the erosion of soil by different amounts of precipitation, and the microbial respiration monitoring unit is used to monitor the respiration of microorganisms in the soil.
[0007] Preferably, the precipitation regulation unit includes a water collection trough, baffles, and a water storage tank. Multiple baffles are arranged in an array above the water collection trough. A water collection port is provided on one side of the water collection trough. The water collection port is connected to the water storage tank through a connecting hose. A water pump is provided on the connecting hose. A support frame is provided below one side of the water collection trough, and a telescopic adjustable bracket is provided below the other side.
[0008] Preferably, the baffle is circular, and a buckle is provided on one side of the baffle to connect it to the water collection tank.
[0009] Preferably, the erosion collection unit includes an erosion collection box, an eroded soil particle conveying plate, a filter screen, and a mass sensor. The erosion collection box is disposed on one side of the support frame and connected to the support frame. One side of the eroded soil particle conveying plate is connected to the top of the erosion collection box, and the other side abuts against the bottom of the telescopic adjustable support. The erosion collection box is provided with a collection port. Multiple collection boxes are vertically arranged inside the erosion collection box. Multiple layers of filter screen are provided, each disposed above a layer of collection box. The pore size of the filter screen decreases sequentially from top to bottom. The mass sensor is disposed at the bottom of each layer of collection box.
[0010] Preferably, the microbial respiration monitoring unit includes a stratified sampler and a microbial respiration monitoring component, wherein the microbial respiration monitoring component is disposed inside the stratified sampler and includes a CO2 sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor.
[0011] Preferably, the stratified sampler includes a housing, inside which several partitions are evenly arranged from top to bottom to form multiple sampling spaces. Each sampling space is provided with a sampling component, which includes a telescopic robotic arm and a soil-sampling drill. The soil-sampling drill is connected to the drive end of the telescopic robotic arm, and the fixed end of the telescopic robotic arm is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing. The housing is provided with multiple automatic opening and closing doors, the number of which is the same as the number of sampling spaces and corresponds to the telescopic robotic arm, for controlling the sampling of the sampling component in each sampling space.
[0012] Preferably, each sampling space is provided with a soil sample collection container, the CO2 sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor are located above the soil sample collection container, and the soil sample collection container is located below the sampling component.
[0013] Preferably, a controller is provided above the housing for controlling the sampling device to take samples and the opening and closing of the automatic door.
[0014] Preferably, the precipitation monitoring unit includes a high-precision rain gauge.
[0015] Preferably, it also includes a wireless transmission unit, which is connected to the precipitation monitoring unit, the erosion collection unit and the microbial respiration monitoring unit.
[0016] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned precipitation soil erosion and microbial respiration monitoring device to achieve simultaneous monitoring of soil erosion and microbial respiration, providing basic data for a deeper understanding of soil environmental dynamics.
[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the precipitation regulation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of the precipitation regulation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sampler according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the sampler according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure Labels 1. Wireless transmission unit; 2. Rain gauge; 3. Water collection trough; 4. Water collection inlet; 5. Water pump; 6. Water storage tank; 7. Erosion collection box; 71. Collection port; 8. Sampler; 81. Housing; 82. Partition; 9. Telescopic adjustable bracket; 10. Baffle; 11. Buckle; 12. Stand; 13. Connecting hose; 14. Erosion soil particle conveying plate; 15. Filter screen; 16. Mass sensor; 17. Sprinkler assembly; 18. Controller; 19. Sampling assembly; 20. Telescopic robotic arm; 21. Soil burr; 22. Soil sample collection container; 23. CO2 sensor; 24. Temperature and humidity sensor; 25. Automatic opening and closing door. Detailed Implementation
[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationships commonly used when the product of the invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.
[0020] Example Reference Figures 1-5The present invention provides a precipitation soil erosion and microbial respiration monitoring device, including a precipitation regulation unit, an erosion collection unit, a precipitation monitoring unit and a microbial respiration monitoring unit. The precipitation monitoring unit is located on one side of the precipitation regulation unit, and the erosion collection unit is located below one side of the precipitation regulation unit. The precipitation regulation unit is used to regulate the amount of precipitation to simulate the erosion of soil by different amounts of precipitation, and the microbial respiration monitoring unit is used to monitor the respiration of microorganisms in the soil.
[0021] The precipitation regulation unit includes a water collection trough 3, a baffle 10, and a water storage tank 6. Multiple baffles 10 are arranged in an array above the water collection trough 3. A water collection port 4 is provided on one side of the water collection trough 3. The water collection port 4 is connected to the water storage tank 6 through a connecting hose 13. A water pump 5 is provided on the connecting hose 13. A support frame 12 is provided below one side of the water collection trough 3, and a telescopic adjustable support 9 is provided below the other side.
[0022] The baffle 10 is circular, and a latch 11 is provided on one side of the baffle 10, which connects to the water collection trough 3. During precipitation regulation, the amount of water flowing into the soil is controlled by adjusting the opening and closing of different numbers of baffles 10, thus simulating reduced precipitation. For example, for an experimental point where precipitation is reduced, the opening of the baffle 10 is set to 75% to simulate a 25% reduction in precipitation. A water collection inlet 4 is provided on one side of the water collection trough 3 to collect the precipitation blocked by the baffles 10 and transport it to the storage tank 6 via a water pump 5 and connecting hose 13. If increased precipitation is required, artificial rainmaking devices can be used, such as a sprinkler assembly 17, to simulate increased precipitation conditions. The sprinkler assembly 17 is located below the water collection trough 3.
[0023] The erosion collection unit includes an erosion collection box 7, an eroded soil particle conveying plate 14, a filter screen 15, and a mass sensor 16. The erosion collection box 7 is located on one side of the support frame 12 and is connected to the support frame 12. One side of the eroded soil particle conveying plate 14 is connected to the top of the erosion collection box 7, and the other side abuts against the bottom of the telescopic adjustable bracket 9. The erosion collection box 7 is provided with a collection port 71. Multiple collection boxes are vertically arranged inside the erosion collection box 7. Multiple layers of filter screen 15 are provided, and they are respectively arranged above each layer of collection box. The pore size of the filter screen 15 decreases from top to bottom. The mass sensor 16 is located at the bottom of each layer of collection box and is used to record the mass of soil erosion materials of different particle sizes.
[0024] The precipitation monitoring unit includes a high-precision rain gauge 2, which is installed on one side of the water collection trough 3 for real-time monitoring of precipitation.
[0025] The microbial respiration monitoring unit includes a stratified sampler 8 and a microbial respiration monitoring component. The microbial respiration monitoring component is located inside the stratified sampler 8 and includes a CO2 sensor 23 and a temperature and humidity sensor 24.
[0026] The stratified sampler 8 includes a housing 81. Inside the housing 81, several partitions 82 are evenly arranged from top to bottom to form multiple sampling spaces. Each sampling space is equipped with a sampling component 19, which includes a telescopic robotic arm 20 and a soil-sampling drill 21. The soil-sampling drill 21 is connected to the drive end of the telescopic robotic arm 20, and the fixed end of the telescopic robotic arm 20 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 81. The housing 81 is equipped with multiple automatic opening and closing doors 25, the number of which is the same as the number of sampling spaces and corresponds to the telescopic robotic arm 20, for controlling the sampling of the sampling component 19 in each sampling space.
[0027] Each sampling space is equipped with a soil sample collection container 22, and a CO2 sensor 23 and a temperature and humidity sensor 24 are installed above the soil sample collection container 22 to monitor in real time changes in CO2 concentration, soil temperature and humidity caused by microbial activity.
[0028] A controller 18 is provided on the top of the housing 81 to control the sampling device to take samples and the opening and closing of the automatic door 25.
[0029] It also includes a wireless transmission unit 1 and a GPS module. The wireless transmission unit 1 is connected to the precipitation monitoring unit, the erosion collection unit and the microbial respiration monitoring unit, and is used to transmit monitoring data from the rain gauge 2, the CO2 sensor 23, the temperature and humidity sensor 24 and the mass sensor 16.
[0030] Considering the various complex and changeable climatic conditions and geographical environments, the device is made of materials that are resistant to low temperatures, ultraviolet rays, and corrosion to adapt to a variety of environments.
[0031] Working principle: The sampler 8 is buried in the soil, and the precipitation regulation unit is installed on the slope. The height of the precipitation regulation unit is adjusted by the telescopic bracket to control the precipitation regulation unit to be parallel to the slope. The erosion collection unit is set below the slope.
[0032] After precipitation causes soil erosion, soil erosion particles move down the slope and are transported to the erosion collection box 7 by the soil erosion particle conveying plate 14. The erosion collection box 7 collects soil erosion particles through the collection port 71 and collects soil erosion particles of different sizes through the filter screen 15 with different pore sizes. The mass of soil erosion material of various particle sizes is recorded by the mass sensor 16.
[0033] During soil collection, the automatic opening and closing door 25 is first opened, and the telescopic robotic arm 20 is extended to the outside of the sampler 8. Soil samples are collected through the soil drill 21. The collected soil samples are stored in the soil sample collection container 22. After collection, the automatic opening and closing door 25 is closed to prevent gas exchange between the inside and outside of the sampler 8. A closed environment is formed in each sampling layer to capture and analyze CO2 produced by soil microorganisms, thereby more accurately assessing microbial respiration.
[0034] Meanwhile, precipitation is monitored in real time using a high-precision rain gauge 2.
[0035] Finally, precipitation data, CO2 monitoring data, temperature and humidity monitoring data, and air quality data are transmitted via wireless transmission unit 1. By analyzing the collected data, the amount of soil erosion caused by precipitation, changes in soil microbial activity, and the interactions between them can be obtained.
[0036] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned precipitation soil erosion and microbial respiration monitoring device to achieve simultaneous monitoring of soil erosion and microbial respiration, providing basic data for a deeper understanding of soil environmental dynamics.
[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims
1. A monitoring device for precipitation-induced soil erosion and microbial respiration, characterized in that: It includes a precipitation regulation unit, an erosion collection unit, a precipitation monitoring unit, and a microbial respiration monitoring unit. The precipitation monitoring unit is located on one side of the precipitation regulation unit, and the erosion collection unit is located below one side of the precipitation regulation unit. The precipitation regulation unit is used to regulate the amount of precipitation to simulate the erosion of the soil by different amounts of precipitation, and the microbial respiration monitoring unit is used to monitor the respiration of microorganisms in the soil.
2. The precipitation soil erosion and microbial respiration monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precipitation regulation unit includes a water collection trough, baffles, and a water storage tank. Multiple baffles are arranged in an array above the water collection trough. A water collection port is provided on one side of the water collection trough. The water collection port is connected to the water storage tank through a connecting hose. A water pump is provided on the connecting hose. A support frame is provided below one side of the water collection trough, and a telescopic adjustable support is provided below the other side.
3. The precipitation soil erosion and microbial respiration monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The baffle is circular, and a buckle is provided on one side of the baffle, which is connected to the water collection tank through the buckle.
4. The precipitation soil erosion and microbial respiration monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The erosion collection unit includes an erosion collection box, an eroded soil particle conveying plate, a filter screen, and a mass sensor. The erosion collection box is located on one side of the support frame and connected to the support frame. One side of the eroded soil particle conveying plate is connected to the top of the erosion collection box, and the other side abuts against the bottom of the telescopic adjustable support. The erosion collection box is provided with a collection port. Multiple collection boxes are vertically arranged inside the erosion collection box. Multiple layers of filter screen are provided, each set above a layer of collection box. The pore size of the filter screen decreases from top to bottom. The mass sensor is located at the bottom of each layer of collection box.
5. The precipitation soil erosion and microbial respiration monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial respiration monitoring unit includes a stratified sampler and a microbial respiration monitoring component. The microbial respiration monitoring component is disposed inside the stratified sampler and includes a CO2 sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor.
6. The precipitation soil erosion and microbial respiration monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stratified sampler includes a housing, inside which several partitions are evenly arranged from top to bottom to form multiple sampling spaces. Each sampling space is equipped with a sampling component, which includes a telescopic robotic arm and a soil-sampling drill. The soil-sampling drill is connected to the drive end of the telescopic robotic arm, and the fixed end of the telescopic robotic arm is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing. The housing is equipped with multiple automatic opening and closing doors, the number of which is the same as the number of sampling spaces and corresponds to the telescopic robotic arm, for controlling the sampling of the sampling component in each sampling space.
7. The precipitation soil erosion and microbial respiration monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each sampling space is equipped with a soil sample collection container, the CO2 sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor are located above the soil sample collection container, and the soil sample collection container is located below the sampling assembly.
8. The precipitation soil erosion and microbial respiration monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A controller is provided on the top of the housing to control the sampling device to take samples and the opening and closing of the automatic door.
9. The precipitation soil erosion and microbial respiration monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precipitation monitoring unit includes a high-precision rain gauge.
10. The precipitation soil erosion and microbial respiration monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a wireless transmission unit, which is connected to the precipitation monitoring unit, the erosion collection unit and the microbial respiration monitoring unit.