A method, device, equipment and medium for generating a seismic data point spread function

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of seismic data point spread function generation method, device, equipment and medium.It includes: obtaining seismic related data, wherein, seismic related data includes seismic data, depth domain velocity field and each anisotropic field and surface elevation information file;According to seismic related data, construct task unit, and obtain output mode, wherein, task unit includes migration task unit and reverse migration task unit;According to task unit and output mode, generate output result.Through obtaining seismic related data, construct task unit, can provide more comprehensive information basis for subsequent processing process, to improve the accuracy of result.Provide multiple output modes, not only can quickly generate reverse migration result, and the reverse migration result generated can also be imaged using different depth migration methods to obtain point spread function, with high calculation efficiency, can meet the needs of different users and application scenarios, increase the flexibility and applicability of method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic data processing technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, device, and medium for generating seismic data point spread functions. Background Technology

[0002] In today's fields of geological exploration and earth science research, seismic data processing plays a crucial role. Precise analysis of seismic data provides in-depth insights into the Earth's internal structure, geological formations, and potential resource distribution. However, with the continuous development of seismic exploration technology and the increasing demands of its applications, traditional processing methods are no longer sufficient to meet the requirements for efficient, accurate, and diverse processing of seismic data.

[0003] Existing technology obtains the point spread function directly without the need for a series of reverse and offset processes. Although the computational efficiency is relatively high, the derived point spread function results are only applicable to integral least squares migration and cannot be used for least squares migration methods such as one-way wave, reverse time migration, and Gaussian beam. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method, apparatus, device, and medium for generating point spread functions for seismic data to improve the efficiency of seismic data processing. The generated point spread function can be used for least squares migration in the imaging domain, thereby improving the imaging quality of seismic data.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for generating a seismic data point spread function is provided, the method comprising:

[0006] Acquire earthquake-related data, which includes earthquake data, depth-domain velocity fields and anisotropic fields and surface elevation information files;

[0007] Task units are constructed based on earthquake-related data, and output methods are obtained. The output methods include outputting only the inverse migration results and generating point spread functions. The task units include migration task units and inverse migration task units.

[0008] Output results are generated based on task units and output methods.

[0009] Optionally, a task unit is constructed based on earthquake-related data, including: determining the memory space of the task unit; generating a travel time table based on the depth domain velocity field and various anisotropic fields, and generating a trace header file based on the earthquake data, wherein the travel time table includes a first travel time table and a second travel time table; obtaining a first reflection coefficient model and a second reflection coefficient model, wherein the first reflection coefficient model contains the positions of surface elements with scattering points in the depth direction; storing the first travel time table, the first reflection coefficient model, and the trace header file based on the memory space to construct an inverse migration task unit; and storing the second travel time table, the second reflection coefficient model, and the trace header file based on the memory space to construct a migration task unit.

[0010] Optionally, a travel time table is generated based on the depth domain velocity field and each anisotropic field, including: acquiring ray tracing parameters and determining the seismic wave path through the ray tracing parameters; calculating the travel time based on the depth domain velocity field, each anisotropic field, and the seismic wave path; determining the location of the diffusion point and the location of each imaging element, and generating a first travel time table based on the travel time corresponding to the element where the scattering point is located; and generating a second travel time table based on the travel time of each imaging element location.

[0011] Optionally, generating a tracehead file based on seismic data includes: reading tracehead information from the seismic data; determining the offset corresponding to each tracehead information, and grouping each tracehead information according to the offset to generate tracehead groups, wherein the tracehead groups include tracehead information with the same offset; and generating a tracehead file based on each tracehead group.

[0012] Optionally, output results are generated based on the task unit and output method, including: when the output method is to output only the inverse offset result, performing inverse offset calculation on the inverse offset task unit based on the preset offset formula to generate the inverse offset result; and converting the inverse offset result according to the specified format to generate the output result.

[0013] Optionally, the output result is generated according to the task unit and the output method, including: when the output method is to generate a point spread function, obtaining the point spread function generation method, wherein the point spread function generation method is direct generation and indirect generation; when the point spread function generation method is direct generation, performing offset calculation on the inverse offset result based on the offset task unit to generate the point spread function; and converting the point spread function according to the specified format to generate the output result.

[0014] Optionally, after obtaining the point spread function generation method, the method further includes: when the point spread function generation method is indirect generation, obtaining a preset migration algorithm, wherein the preset migration algorithm includes integral method pre-stack depth migration, Gaussian beam migration, one-way wave migration, and wave equation reverse time migration; migrating the inverse migration result based on the preset migration algorithm to obtain the imaging result of the inverse migration data of the scattering point reflection coefficient model, and using the imaging result as the output result.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a seismic data point spread function generation apparatus is provided, the apparatus comprising:

[0016] The earthquake-related data acquisition module is used to acquire earthquake-related data, which includes earthquake data, depth domain velocity field and various anisotropic fields and surface elevation information files;

[0017] The task unit construction module is used to construct task units based on earthquake-related data and obtain the output method. The output method includes outputting only the inverse migration result and generating the point spread function. The task unit includes the migration task unit and the inverse migration task unit.

[0018] The output generation module is used to generate output results based on the task unit and output method.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device comprising:

[0020] At least one processor;

[0021] and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor;

[0022] The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, which is then executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform a seismic data point spread function generation method according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a processor to execute and implement a seismic data point spread function generation method according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] The technical solution of this invention, by acquiring earthquake-related data to construct task units, can provide a more comprehensive information foundation for subsequent processing, thereby improving the accuracy of the results. It offers multiple output methods, not only quickly generating inverse migration results, but also allowing the generated inverse migration results to be imaged using different depth migration methods to obtain point spread functions. This results in high computational efficiency, meeting the needs of different users and application scenarios, and increasing the flexibility and applicability of the method.

[0025] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for generating a seismic data point spread function according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of another method for generating seismic data point spread functions according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of another method for generating seismic data point spread functions according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a seismic data point spread function generation device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device that implements a method for generating seismic data point spread functions according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for generating seismic data point spread functions according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to situations involving the processing of seismic data. The method can be executed by a seismic data point spread function generation device, which can be implemented in hardware and / or software and can be configured within a computer controller. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0036] S110. Obtain earthquake-related data, including earthquake data, depth domain velocity field and various anisotropic fields and surface elevation information files.

[0037] Seismic data refers to information recorded by seismic monitoring instruments about the vibrations within the Earth during an earthquake. It reflects the internal vibrations of the Earth and is fundamental to earthquake research, including the amplitude, frequency, and phase of seismic waves. The depth-domain velocity field refers to the distribution of seismic wave propagation velocities at different depths within the Earth. The anisotropic field reflects the anisotropic properties of the Earth's internal medium. The surface elevation information file is a file containing topographic height data of the Earth's surface.

[0038] Specifically, earthquake data can be acquired using earthquake monitoring equipment, such as seismographs and accelerometers. This equipment can be installed on the ground, in buildings, or underground to monitor the propagation of seismic waves. Depth-domain velocity fields and anisotropic fields can be obtained through methods such as seismic wave travel time inversion and seismic tomography. Surface elevation information can be obtained through methods such as satellite remote sensing and topographic surveying.

[0039] S120. Construct task units based on earthquake-related data and obtain the output method, which includes outputting only the inverse migration result and generating the point spread function. The task units include migration task units and inverse migration task units.

[0040] Figure 2 This invention provides a flowchart of a method for generating a seismic data point spread function, wherein step S130 mainly includes the following steps S121 to S126:

[0041] S121. Determine the memory space of the task unit.

[0042] Specifically, before constructing a task unit, it is necessary to determine the amount of memory required for that task unit. This determination can be made by evaluating factors such as the memory size of the cluster nodes, the computational parameters during travel, and other job parameters to ensure that the task unit can run smoothly without running out of memory.

[0043] It should be noted that the memory stores part or all of the data for a certain offset group, the reflection coefficient model, and the travel time table corresponding to the reflection coefficient model; the reflection coefficient model of the inverse offset task unit only contains the positions of surface cells with scattering points in the depth direction.

[0044] S122. Generate travel time tables based on the depth domain velocity field and various anisotropic fields, and generate trace header files based on seismic data. The travel time tables include a first travel time table and a second travel time table.

[0045] The travel time table, generated based on the depth domain velocity field and various anisotropic fields, is used to calculate the propagation time of seismic waves underground. It includes a first travel time table and a second travel time table, used in the inverse migration task unit and the migration task unit, respectively. The trace header file, generated from the seismic data, contains various information about the seismic traces, such as sampling rate, trace number, source location, and receiver location. By storing the trace header file, only the trace header file is read during subsequent inverse migration processes, saving time compared to reading the trace header and the entire seismic data volume, significantly improving inverse migration efficiency.

[0046] Optionally, a travel time table is generated based on the depth domain velocity field and each anisotropic field, including: acquiring ray tracing parameters and determining the seismic wave path through the ray tracing parameters; calculating the travel time based on the depth domain velocity field, each anisotropic field, and the seismic wave path; determining the location of the diffusion point and the location of each imaging element, and generating a first travel time table based on the travel time corresponding to the element where the scattering point is located; and generating a second travel time table based on the travel time of each imaging element location.

[0047] The ray tracing parameters include the location of the seismic source, the location of the receiver, and the initial ray path direction. These parameters determine the initial conditions and search direction for the seismic wave propagation path. Using an iterative algorithm, starting from the seismic source, the search proceeds step-by-step along the initial ray path direction. Based on the velocity field and anisotropic fields of the medium, the propagation time and direction of the seismic wave at different locations are calculated. When the wave reaches the receiver, the propagation path is determined.

[0048] Specifically, the path of the seismic wave is divided into several segments. For each segment, the propagation time is calculated using a formula based on the depth-domain velocity field and anisotropic fields at that location, as well as the direction of seismic wave propagation. Then, the propagation times of all segments are summed to obtain the travel time of the seismic wave from the source to the receiving point.

[0049] In this context, diffusion points refer to points in the subsurface medium where scattering occurs, such as discontinuities in geological structures or pores in rocks. The location of diffusion points can be determined using geological exploration data and the scattering characteristics of seismic waves. Imaging elements are small regions that divide the subsurface space for seismic imaging. The location of each imaging element can be determined based on the acquisition layout of the seismic data and the requirements of the imaging algorithm. The first travel time table, used to output only the inverse migration results, is generated based on the travel time corresponding to the element where the scattering point is located. The second travel time table, used to output the point spread function, is generated based on the travel time of each imaging element's location.

[0050] Optionally, generating a tracehead file based on seismic data includes: reading tracehead information from the seismic data; determining the offset corresponding to each tracehead information, and grouping each tracehead information according to the offset to generate tracehead groups, wherein the tracehead groups include tracehead information with the same offset; and generating a tracehead file based on each tracehead group.

[0051] Specifically, the controller can first parse the storage structure of the seismic data file to determine the location and storage method of the trace header information within the file. For example, some seismic data formats may use a fixed-length trace header structure, where each field has a specific byte position and data type. Using file reading functions and data parsing methods, the seismic data file can be read trace by trace, extracting the trace header information for each trace.

[0052] Offset distance refers to the horizontal distance from the seismic source to the receiver. In seismic data, the offset distance can be calculated based on the source and receiver locations in the trace header information. The controller can then group the trace header information according to the offset distance. Trace header information with the same offset distance is grouped into the same group. Seismic traces with the same offset distance usually have similar seismic response characteristics, and grouping them together facilitates subsequent processing and analysis.

[0053] S123. Obtain the first reflection coefficient model and the second reflection coefficient model, wherein the first reflection coefficient model contains the positions of surface elements with scattering points in the depth direction.

[0054] The reflection coefficient model describes the reflection characteristics of the subsurface medium. The first reflection coefficient model only includes the locations of surface elements with scattering points in the depth direction.

[0055] S124. Based on memory space storage, the first travel time table, the first reflection coefficient model, and the track header file are used to construct the anti-offset task unit.

[0056] S125. Based on memory space storage, the second travel time table, the second reflection coefficient model, and the track header file are used to construct the offset task unit.

[0057] Specifically, based on a defined memory space, the first travel time table, the first reflection coefficient model, and the track header file are stored in memory to construct the inverse migration task unit. Similarly, based on a defined memory space, the second travel time table, the second reflection coefficient model, and the track header file are stored in memory to construct the migration task unit.

[0058] S126. Obtain the output mode, where the output mode includes outputting only the inverse offset result and generating the point spread function.

[0059] Specifically, the output methods include outputting only the inverse migration results and generating a point spread function. When only the inverse migration results are output, only the seismic data processed by the inverse migration task unit is output. When generating the point spread function, the controller generates a function describing the spread of seismic waves during their propagation underground, which helps to understand the propagation characteristics of seismic waves and the scattering of the underground medium.

[0060] S130. Generate output results based on task unit and output method.

[0061] The output results are generated by the system according to the task unit and output method. They may be reverse-migrated seismic data, or reverse-migrated seismic data and point spread function, which are used in fields such as earthquake research, geological exploration, and earthquake hazard assessment.

[0062] Optionally, output results are generated based on the task unit and output method, including: when the output method is to output only the inverse offset result, performing inverse offset calculation on the inverse offset task unit based on the preset offset formula to generate the inverse offset result; and converting the inverse offset result according to the specified format to generate the output result.

[0063] Specifically, when outputting the reverse migration results, the stored seismic data header file, the first reflection coefficient model of the scattering points, and the first travel time table can be read according to the constructed reverse migration task unit, and the reverse migration calculation can be performed using the following formula (1):

[0064]

[0065] Where F(ω) represents the spectrum of the source wavelet, Σ represents the reflection plane, a(x,ξ) represents the product of the amplitude terms from the shot, receiver, and imaging point, β(x) represents the three-dimensional reflection coefficient model, and n R τ represents the direction of the normal to the reflecting plane. s τ r Let c(x) represent the travel time from the shot point and receiver point to the imaging point, respectively, where c(x) represents the background velocity, θ represents the angle between the line connecting the shot-receiver midpoint and the imaging point and the depth direction, and u k(ξ,t represents the Kirchhoff inverse offset result. When selecting to output only the inverse offset result, the controller can directly output the inverse offset result according to the specified format.

[0066] The technical solution of this invention, by acquiring earthquake-related data to construct task units, can provide a more comprehensive information foundation for subsequent processing, thereby improving the accuracy of the results. It offers multiple output methods, not only quickly generating inverse migration results, but also allowing the generated inverse migration results to be imaged using different depth migration methods to obtain point spread functions. This results in high computational efficiency, meeting the needs of different users and application scenarios, and increasing the flexibility and applicability of the method.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a method for generating seismic data point spread functions according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. This embodiment adds a specific process for generating the output result when the output method is to generate a point spread function, based on Embodiment 1. The specific content of steps S210-S220 is largely the same as steps S110-S120 in Embodiment 1, and therefore will not be repeated in this embodiment. Figure 3 As shown, the method includes:

[0069] S210. Obtain earthquake-related data, including earthquake data, depth domain velocity field and anisotropic fields and surface elevation information files.

[0070] S220. Construct task units based on earthquake-related data and obtain the output method, which includes outputting only the inverse migration result and generating the point spread function. The task unit includes the migration task unit and the inverse migration task unit.

[0071] Optionally, a task unit is constructed based on earthquake-related data, including: determining the memory space of the task unit; generating a travel time table based on the depth domain velocity field and various anisotropic fields, and generating a trace header file based on the earthquake data, wherein the travel time table includes a first travel time table and a second travel time table; obtaining a first reflection coefficient model and a second reflection coefficient model, wherein the first reflection coefficient model contains the positions of surface elements with scattering points in the depth direction; storing the first travel time table, the first reflection coefficient model, and the trace header file based on the memory space to construct an inverse migration task unit; and storing the second travel time table, the second reflection coefficient model, and the trace header file based on the memory space to construct a migration task unit.

[0072] Optionally, a travel time table is generated based on the depth domain velocity field and each anisotropic field, including: acquiring ray tracing parameters and determining the seismic wave path through the ray tracing parameters; calculating the travel time based on the depth domain velocity field, each anisotropic field, and the seismic wave path; determining the location of the diffusion point and the location of each imaging element, and generating a first travel time table based on the travel time corresponding to the element where the scattering point is located; and generating a second travel time table based on the travel time of each imaging element location.

[0073] Optionally, generating a tracehead file based on seismic data includes: reading tracehead information from the seismic data; determining the offset corresponding to each tracehead information, and grouping each tracehead information according to the offset to generate tracehead groups, wherein the tracehead groups include tracehead information with the same offset; and generating a tracehead file based on each tracehead group.

[0074] S230. When the output method is to generate a point spread function, obtain the point spread function generation method, where the point spread function generation method is direct generation or indirect generation.

[0075] S240. When the point spread function is generated directly, the offset calculation is performed on the inverse offset result based on the offset task unit to generate the point spread function.

[0076] It should be noted that when selecting to generate a point spread function, all migration task cells are completed. The task partitioning method differs from that of the inverse migration task cells. In this case, the reflectance model in the migration task cells corresponds not only to the positions of surface cells containing scattering points but also to the positions of all surface cells without scattering points. Therefore, the imaging mesh of the migration task is denser than the mesh of the scattering point reflectance model. After completing all migration task cells using the conventional method, the point spread function is obtained.

[0077] S250. Convert the point spread function according to the specified format to generate the output result.

[0078] Specifically, the generated point spread function may need to be converted according to a specified format for subsequent analysis and application. Format conversion may include data type conversion, adjustment of data storage methods, and rearrangement of data dimensions. For example, if the point spread function is stored in matrix form, it may need to be converted to an image format or other format that is easy to visualize.

[0079] Optionally, after obtaining the point spread function generation method, the method further includes: when the point spread function generation method is indirect generation, obtaining a preset migration algorithm, wherein the preset migration algorithm includes integral method pre-stack depth migration, Gaussian beam migration, one-way wave migration, and wave equation reverse time migration; migrating the inverse migration result based on the preset migration algorithm to obtain the imaging result of the inverse migration data of the scattering point reflection coefficient model, and using the imaging result as the output result.

[0080] It should be noted that when the point spread function is generated indirectly, a specific preset offset algorithm is required. Unlike direct generation, which directly calculates the point spread function from the inverse offset result, indirect generation uses a more complex process to indirectly obtain the results related to the point spread function.

[0081] Among these methods, pre-stack depth migration using the integral method refers to migration imaging based on the integral expression of the wave equation, achieved by integrating the seismic wavefield along the depth direction. Gaussian beam migration determines the initial parameters of the Gaussian beam, such as its center position, propagation direction, and width. Then, based on the subsurface medium velocity model, the propagation path and energy distribution of the Gaussian beam at different depths are calculated. Finally, the seismic data and the Gaussian beam are weighted and superimposed to obtain the imaging result. One-way wave migration is based on the one-way wave equation, dividing the propagation of seismic waves into ascending and descending waves. Then, based on the subsurface medium velocity model, the ascending and descending waves are propagated and migrated separately. Finally, the imaging results of the ascending and descending waves are superimposed to obtain the final imaging result. Wave equation reverse-time migration is based on the two-way wave equation, achieving migration imaging by propagating the seismic wavefield in reverse time. Based on the seismic data and the subsurface medium velocity model, the reverse-time propagation path and wavefield of the seismic wave from the receiver point to the source are calculated. Then, the reverse-time propagation wavefield is correlated with the forward-time propagation wavefield to obtain the imaging result.

[0082] The technical solution of this invention, by acquiring earthquake-related data to construct task units, can provide a more comprehensive information foundation for subsequent processing, thereby improving the accuracy of the results. It offers multiple output methods, not only quickly generating inverse migration results, but also allowing the generated inverse migration results to be imaged using different depth migration methods to obtain point spread functions. This results in high computational efficiency, meeting the needs of different users and application scenarios, and increasing the flexibility and applicability of the method.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a seismic data point spread function generation device provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the device includes: a seismic data acquisition module 310, used to acquire seismic data, wherein the seismic data includes seismic data, depth domain velocity field and various anisotropic fields and surface elevation information files;

[0085] The task unit construction module 320 is used to construct task units based on earthquake-related data and obtain the output mode, wherein the output mode includes outputting only the inverse migration result and generating the point spread function, and the task unit includes the migration task unit and the inverse migration task unit.

[0086] The output generation module 330 is used to generate output results based on the task unit and output method.

[0087] Optionally, the task unit construction module 320 is specifically used for: determining the memory space of the task unit; generating travel time tables based on the depth domain velocity field and various anisotropic fields, and generating trace header files based on seismic data, wherein the travel time tables include a first travel time table and a second travel time table; obtaining a first reflection coefficient model and a second reflection coefficient model, wherein the first reflection coefficient model contains the positions of surface elements with scattering points in the depth direction; storing the first travel time table, the first reflection coefficient model, and the trace header file based on the memory space to construct an inverse migration task unit; and storing the second travel time table, the second reflection coefficient model, and the trace header file based on the memory space to construct a migration task unit.

[0088] Optionally, the task unit construction module 320 specifically includes: a travel time table generation unit, used for: acquiring ray tracing parameters, determining seismic wave paths through ray tracing parameters; calculating travel times based on the depth domain velocity field, various anisotropic fields, and seismic wave paths; determining the location of the diffusion point and the location of each imaging element, generating a first travel time table based on the travel time corresponding to the element where the scattering point is located; and generating a second travel time table based on the travel time of each imaging element location.

[0089] Optionally, the task unit construction module 320 specifically includes: a trace head file generation unit, used for: reading trace head information from seismic data; determining the offset corresponding to each trace head information, and grouping each trace head information according to the offset to generate trace head groups, wherein the trace head groups include trace head information with the same offset; and generating trace head files based on each trace head group.

[0090] Optionally, the output result generation module 330 specifically includes: an inverse offset result generation unit, used to: when the output mode is to output only the inverse offset result, perform inverse offset calculation on the inverse offset task unit based on a preset offset formula to generate the inverse offset result; and convert the inverse offset result according to a specified format to generate the output result.

[0091] Optionally, the output result generation module 330 is specifically used for: a point spread function direct generation unit, used for: when the output method is to generate a point spread function, obtaining the point spread function generation method, wherein the point spread function generation method is direct generation and indirect generation; when the point spread function generation method is direct generation, performing offset calculation on the inverse offset result based on the offset task unit to generate the point spread function; and converting the point spread function according to a specified format to generate the output result.

[0092] Optionally, the device further includes: a point spread function indirect generation module, used to obtain a preset migration algorithm when the point spread function generation method is indirect generation after obtaining the point spread function generation method, wherein the preset migration algorithm includes integral method pre-stack depth migration, Gaussian beam migration, one-way wave migration, and wave equation reverse time migration; and to migrate the inverse migration result based on the preset migration algorithm to obtain the imaging result of the inverse migration data of the scattering point reflectance coefficient model, and use the imaging result as the output result.

[0093] The technical solution of this invention, by acquiring earthquake-related data to construct task units, can provide a more comprehensive information foundation for subsequent processing, thereby improving the accuracy of the results. It offers multiple output methods, not only quickly generating inverse migration results, but also allowing the generated inverse migration results to be imaged using different depth migration methods to obtain point spread functions. This results in high computational efficiency, meeting the needs of different users and application scenarios, and increasing the flexibility and applicability of the method.

[0094] The seismic data point spread function generation device provided in this embodiment of the invention can execute the seismic data point spread function generation method provided in any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.

[0095] Example 4

[0096] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 that can be used to implement embodiments of the present invention is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital assistants, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices (e.g., helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0097] like Figure 5As shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11 and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12 or a random access memory (RAM) 13, communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11. The memory stores computer programs executable by the at least one processor. The processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on the computer program stored in the ROM 12 or loaded from storage unit 18 into the RAM 13. The RAM 13 may also store various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10. The processor 11, ROM 12, and RAM 13 are interconnected via a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0098] Multiple components in electronic device 10 are connected to I / O interface 15, including: input unit 16, such as keyboard, mouse, etc.; output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; storage unit 18, such as disk, optical disk, etc.; and communication unit 19, such as network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. Communication unit 19 allows electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0099] Processor 11 can be a variety of general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. Processor 11 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as a method for generating seismic data point spread functions.

[0100] In some embodiments, a method for generating a seismic data point spread function can be implemented as a computer program tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on electronic device 10 via ROM 12 and / or communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 13 and executed by processor 11, one or more steps of the seismic data point spread function generation method described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, processor 11 can be configured to execute a seismic data point spread function generation method by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0101] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), systems-on-a-chip (SoCs), payload-programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0102] Computer programs used to implement the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when executed by the processor, the computer programs cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be performed. The computer programs may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, or as a standalone software package, partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0103] In the context of this invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination thereof. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0104] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the electronic device. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0105] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as data servers), or computing systems that include middleware components (e.g., application servers), or computing systems that include frontend components (e.g., user computers with graphical user interfaces or web browsers through which users can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., communication networks). Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the Internet.

[0106] A computing system can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally located far apart and typically interact through communication networks. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a hosting product within the cloud computing service system to address the shortcomings of traditional physical hosts and VPS services, such as high management difficulty and weak business scalability.

[0107] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0108] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for generating a seismic data point spread function, characterized in that, include: Acquire earthquake-related data, which includes earthquake data, depth-domain velocity fields, and anisotropic fields and surface elevation information files; Based on the earthquake-related data, task units are constructed and output methods are obtained. The output methods include outputting only the inverse migration results and generating point spread functions. The task units include migration task units and inverse migration task units. The output result is generated based on the task unit and the output method.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of constructing a task unit based on the earthquake-related data includes: Determine the memory space for the task unit; A travel time table is generated based on the depth domain velocity field and each anisotropic field, and a trace header file is generated based on the seismic data. The travel time table includes a first travel time table and a second travel time table. Obtain a first reflection coefficient model and a second reflection coefficient model, wherein the first reflection coefficient model includes the positions of surface elements with scattering points in the depth direction; Based on the memory space, the first travel time table, the first reflection coefficient model, and the track header file are stored to construct the anti-offset task unit; The second travel time table, the second reflection coefficient model, and the track header file are stored in the memory space to construct the offset task unit.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of generating a travel time table based on the depth domain velocity field and each anisotropic field includes: Acquire ray tracing parameters and determine the seismic wave path using the ray tracing parameters; The travel time is calculated based on the depth domain velocity field, the anisotropic fields, and the seismic wave path. Determine the location of the diffusion point and the location of each imaging element, and generate the first travel time table based on the travel time corresponding to the surface element where the scattering point is located; A second travel time table is generated based on the travel time of each of the imaging element positions.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of generating a trace header file based on the seismic data includes: Read the information of each trace head in the seismic data; Determine the offset distance corresponding to each trackhead information, and group each trackhead information according to the offset distance to generate each trackhead group, wherein the trackhead group includes trackhead information with the same offset distance; Generate track header files based on the track header groups described above.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of generating output results based on the task unit and the output method includes: When the output method is to output only the inverse offset result, the inverse offset task unit is calculated based on the preset offset formula to generate the inverse offset result; The inverse offset result is converted according to the specified format to generate the output result.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of generating output results based on the task unit and the output method includes: When the output method is to generate a point spread function, the point spread function generation method is obtained, wherein the point spread function generation method is direct generation and indirect generation; When the point spread function is generated directly, the offset calculation is performed on the inverse offset result based on the offset task unit to generate the point spread function; The point spread function is converted according to a specified format to generate the output result.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, After obtaining the point diffusion function generation method, the method further includes: When the point spread function is generated indirectly, a preset offset algorithm is obtained, wherein the preset offset algorithm includes pre-stack depth offset by integral method, Gaussian beam offset, one-way wave offset, and wave equation inverse time offset. The inverse offset result is offset based on a preset offset algorithm to obtain the imaging result of the inverse offset data of the scattering point reflectance coefficient model, and the imaging result is used as the output result.

8. A device for generating a seismic data point spread function, characterized in that, include: The earthquake-related data acquisition module is used to acquire earthquake-related data, which includes earthquake data, depth domain velocity field and various anisotropic fields and surface elevation information files; The task unit construction module is used to construct task units based on the earthquake-related data and obtain the output method, wherein the output method includes outputting only the inverse migration result and generating the point spread function, and the task unit includes the migration task unit and the inverse migration task unit; The output result generation module is used to generate output results based on the task unit and the output method.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: At least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, the computer program being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer storage medium, characterized in that, The computer storage medium stores computer instructions that are used to cause a processor to execute the method of any one of claims 1-7.

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