Method and system for adjusting display uniformity of LCD based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage

Abstract

The present application relates to liquid crystal display drive control technical field, disclose a kind of LCD display uniformity regulation method and system based on common electrode voltage dynamic compensation, wherein, method includes: the display area of display panel is divided into to be compensated area, original gray scale data is obtained by parsing display picture;Calculate regional load eigenvalue and gray scale extreme value pair, match load compensation weight and extreme value compensation weight from compensation mapping table, and obtain comprehensive load characteristic correction value by nonlinear fusion;Based on common electrode reference voltage, correction value is mapped into dynamic compensation voltage, and after superposition with reference voltage, to-be-compensated area is driven;Actual voltage feedback value is collected, deviation signal is obtained by comparing with driving voltage, if threshold value is exceeded, then update weight and iterate, until deviation converges.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of liquid crystal display driving control technology, and in particular to a method and system for adjusting the uniformity of LCD displays based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the LCD display field, the common electrode voltage is mostly driven by a fixed reference, without dynamic compensation for differences in display area load and uneven grayscale distribution. As a result, the screen is prone to uniformity degradation problems such as uneven brightness, crosstalk, and flicker. Furthermore, it lacks a voltage feedback closed-loop iterative mechanism, resulting in insufficient compensation accuracy and stability.

[0003] For example, when the pixel load of different zones of the display panel varies greatly and the grayscale extreme values ​​are significant, the fixed common electrode voltage cannot match the area driving requirements, resulting in local dark / bright areas and abrupt color block boundaries. At the same time, without real-time voltage deviation correction, the compensation voltage cannot be automatically corrected after the deviation between the actual driving voltage and the compensation voltage exceeds the limit, and the uniformity adjustment effect continues to deteriorate.

[0004] Therefore, existing LCD display uniformity adjustment technology cannot achieve regional, dynamic, and closed-loop common electrode voltage compensation, making it difficult to cope with complex images and panel differences. The display effect is inconsistent and the adjustment stability is insufficient, failing to meet the requirements of high-quality display. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, the purpose of this invention is to propose an LCD display uniformity adjustment method based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage. This method aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art, such as poor display uniformity, low compensation accuracy, and insufficient stability caused by fixed common electrode voltage, lack of regional dynamic compensation and closed-loop correction.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides an LCD display uniformity adjustment method based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage.

[0007] The LCD display uniformity adjustment method based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage includes:

[0008] S1: Divide the display area of ​​the display panel into areas to be compensated, and parse the display data of the display area to obtain the original grayscale data;

[0009] S2: Based on the original grayscale data, calculate the regional load characteristic value of the area to be compensated, and extract the maximum and minimum values ​​of the original grayscale data in the area to be compensated as grayscale extreme value pairs;

[0010] S3: Based on the regional load characteristic value and the grayscale extreme value pair, match the load compensation weight and extreme value compensation weight from the preset compensation mapping table;

[0011] S4: Based on the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight, the original grayscale data is nonlinearly fused to obtain a comprehensive load characteristic correction value;

[0012] S5: Based on the common electrode reference voltage of the display panel, the comprehensive load characteristic correction value is mapped to a dynamic compensation voltage value, and the dynamic compensation voltage value is superimposed with the common electrode reference voltage to form an actual driving voltage, which is then transmitted to the common electrode trace of the area to be compensated.

[0013] S6: Collect the actual voltage feedback value of the common electrode trace and compare it bidirectionally with the actual driving voltage to obtain a deviation feedback signal. When the deviation feedback signal exceeds a preset threshold, update the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight. Repeat S4 and S5 until the deviation feedback signal converges within the preset threshold.

[0014] Preferably, the process involves dividing the display area of ​​the display panel into a region to be compensated, and parsing the display data of the display area to obtain the original grayscale data, specifically including:

[0015] Obtain the pixel matrix distribution of the display panel, and divide the pixel matrix distribution into grids according to horizontal and vertical partitioning units to obtain initial partitioning units;

[0016] Wherein, the number of pixels contained in the horizontal partition unit is taken as an approximation of the total number of horizontal pixels of the display panel, and the number of pixels contained in the vertical partition unit is taken as an approximation of the total number of vertical pixels of the display panel;

[0017] The grayscale value that appears most frequently within the initial partition unit is selected as the representative grayscale.

[0018] Obtain a homogeneous threshold, merge the initial partition units whose difference between gray levels is less than the homogeneous threshold into a new partition, and after traversing the initial partition units, obtain the area to be compensated of the display panel.

[0019] The homogeneity threshold is composed of the grayscale resolution level of the display panel and the minimum perceptible grayscale difference of the standard observer at the grayscale resolution level.

[0020] Extract the grayscale values ​​corresponding to the spatial coordinates of the displayed image data and the area to be compensated, and use the grayscale values ​​as the original grayscale data.

[0021] Preferably, the step of calculating the regional load characteristic value of the area to be compensated based on the original grayscale data, and extracting the maximum and minimum values ​​of the original grayscale data in the area to be compensated as grayscale extremum pairs, specifically includes:

[0022] Traverse the pixels within the area to be compensated, count the occurrence count of all non-zero grayscale values ​​in the original grayscale data, and obtain the cumulative frequency of non-zero grayscale values ​​in the original grayscale data;

[0023] The ratio of the cumulative frequency of the non-zero gray levels to the total number of pixels is used to obtain the regional load characteristic value of the area to be compensated.

[0024] Scan the original grayscale data in the area to be compensated, record the highest grayscale value encountered during the traversal as the maximum value, and record the lowest grayscale value encountered during the traversal as the minimum value.

[0025] The maximum value and the minimum value are output together as the grayscale extreme value pair of the region to be compensated.

[0026] Preferably, the step of matching the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight from a preset compensation mapping table based on the regional load characteristic value and the grayscale extreme value pair specifically includes:

[0027] Obtain a preset compensation mapping table, which includes a load characteristic value range, a grayscale extreme value pair range, and a load compensation weight value and an extreme value compensation weight value that are jointly corresponding to the load characteristic value range and the grayscale extreme value pair range.

[0028] The regional load characteristic value is compared with the load characteristic value interval one by one to determine the target load interval into which the regional load characteristic value falls.

[0029] Compare the extreme value range formed by the maximum and minimum values ​​in the grayscale extreme value pair with the grayscale extreme value pair interval one by one to determine the target extreme value interval into which the extreme value range falls.

[0030] Using the target load range and the target extreme value range as indexes, the matching load compensation weight and extreme value compensation weight are extracted from the compensation mapping table.

[0031] Preferably, the step of performing nonlinear fusion on the original grayscale data based on the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight to obtain a comprehensive load characteristic correction value specifically includes:

[0032] Frequency distribution statistics are performed on the original grayscale data to obtain the grayscale distribution histogram of the display panel;

[0033] Based on the grayscale distribution histogram, determine the median grayscale value and the mode grayscale value of the original grayscale data;

[0034] The load compensation weight and the median gray level value are linearly modulated to obtain the first fusion component of the original gray level data.

[0035] The extreme value compensation weight and the mode gray level value are subjected to extreme value weighting calibration to obtain the second fusion component of the original gray level data;

[0036] The first fusion component and the second fusion component are superimposed, and the superimposed result is nonlinearly combined with the average value of the original grayscale data to obtain the comprehensive load characteristic correction value of the display panel.

[0037] Preferably, the superposition of the first fusion component and the second fusion component, and the nonlinear combination of the superposition result with the average value of the original grayscale data, to obtain the comprehensive load characteristic correction value of the display panel, specifically includes:

[0038] The first fusion component and the second fusion component are added together to obtain the superimposed intermediate value of the original grayscale data.

[0039] The load characteristic values ​​of the region are normalized to obtain the normalized load coefficient of the original grayscale data.

[0040] Based on the superimposed median value, the normalized load coefficient, and the average value, calculate the comprehensive load characteristic correction value of the display panel:

[0041] ;

[0042] In the formula, This is the correction value for the overall load characteristics. The normalized load factor is... The superimposed intermediate value, The average value is... The preset nonlinear adjustment factor, and The value range is [0, 0.5].

[0043] Preferably, mapping the comprehensive load characteristic correction value to a dynamic compensation voltage value based on the common electrode reference voltage of the display panel specifically includes:

[0044] The reference voltage value of the common electrode of the display panel and the grayscale-voltage response curve are acquired simultaneously.

[0045] Extract the ideal driving voltage corresponding to the comprehensive load characteristic correction value from the gray-scale voltage response curve;

[0046] Obtain the historical compensation voltage value of the area to be compensated, and perform time-series smoothing processing on the ideal driving voltage and the historical compensation voltage value to obtain the smoothed reference voltage of the display panel;

[0047] The dynamic compensation voltage value of the display panel is obtained by differential analysis of the smoothed reference voltage and the common electrode reference voltage.

[0048] Preferably, the step of superimposing the dynamic compensation voltage value with the common electrode reference voltage to form the actual driving voltage, and transmitting it to the common electrode trace in the region to be compensated, specifically includes:

[0049] The dynamic compensation voltage value and the common electrode reference voltage are used as two voltage sources for the input terminal;

[0050] The output terminal of the dynamic compensation voltage value and the output terminal of the common electrode reference voltage are connected in series to the same voltage superposition node, so that the potential polarity of the dynamic compensation voltage value and the common electrode reference voltage are kept in the same direction, thus obtaining the actual driving voltage of the display panel.

[0051] The actual driving voltage is input to the input terminal of the common electrode trace of the region to be compensated through the voltage superposition node;

[0052] The signal is propagated along the common electrode trace to the pixel common electrode of the region to be compensated in the form of a voltage signal.

[0053] Preferably, the actual voltage feedback value of the common electrode trace is collected and compared bidirectionally with the actual driving voltage to obtain a deviation feedback signal. When the deviation feedback signal exceeds a preset threshold, the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight are updated, and S4 and S5 are repeated until the deviation feedback signal converges within the preset threshold. Specifically, this includes:

[0054] At each sampling time, the actual voltage feedback value of the common electrode trace is obtained, and the actual voltage feedback value is compared bidirectionally with the upper tolerance boundary and lower tolerance boundary of the actual driving voltage, respectively.

[0055] When the actual voltage feedback value exceeds the upper tolerance boundary or falls below the lower tolerance boundary, a deviation feedback signal is generated, wherein the deviation feedback signal includes the deviation direction information and the deviation amplitude level.

[0056] When the deviation feedback signal is greater than a preset threshold, the load compensation weight is dynamically adjusted according to the excess direction information, and the extreme value compensation weight is updated step by step according to the excess amplitude level.

[0057] Based on the adjusted load compensation weight and updated extreme value compensation weight, S4 and S5 are executed again until the actual voltage feedback value falls between the upper limit tolerance boundary and the lower limit tolerance boundary, and the deviation feedback signal is determined to converge within the preset threshold.

[0058] This invention also provides an LCD display uniformity adjustment system based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage, comprising:

[0059] The block division and data extraction module is used to divide the display area of ​​the display panel into areas to be compensated, and to parse the display screen data of the display area to obtain the original grayscale data;

[0060] The data processing module is used to calculate the regional load characteristic value of the area to be compensated based on the original grayscale data, and extract the maximum and minimum values ​​of the original grayscale data in the area to be compensated as grayscale extreme value pairs.

[0061] The dual-weight query module is used to match the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight from a preset compensation mapping table based on the regional load characteristic value and the grayscale extreme value pair.

[0062] The nonlinear fusion module is used to perform nonlinear fusion on the original grayscale data according to the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight to obtain a comprehensive load characteristic correction value.

[0063] The drive transmission module is used to map the comprehensive load characteristic correction value to a dynamic compensation voltage value according to the common electrode reference voltage of the display panel, and to superimpose the dynamic compensation voltage value with the common electrode reference voltage to form an actual drive voltage, which is then transmitted to the common electrode trace of the area to be compensated.

[0064] The iterative update module is used to collect the actual voltage feedback value of the common electrode trace, compare it bidirectionally with the actual driving voltage to obtain a deviation feedback signal. When the deviation feedback signal exceeds a preset threshold, the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight are updated. S4 and S5 are repeated until the deviation feedback signal converges within the preset threshold.

[0065] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By dividing the region into grids, using dual-weight matching and nonlinear fusion processing, this invention can accurately generate a comprehensive load characteristic correction value that is compatible with the panel area load and grayscale distribution, thereby achieving dynamic compensation and accurate output of the common electrode voltage and significantly improving the uniformity and brightness consistency of the LCD display.

[0066] This invention forms a closed-loop stable adjustment through real-time voltage acquisition, bidirectional deviation comparison, and weight iterative update mechanism, which effectively improves the accuracy of compensation voltage output and driving stability, allowing the display to remain smooth and natural in complex grayscale scenes, and significantly enhancing the overall display quality and system reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0067] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0068] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the LCD display uniformity adjustment method based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage according to the present invention.

[0069] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second implementation of the LCD display uniformity adjustment system based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0070] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0071] Example 1: As Figure 1 The diagram shown is a flowchart of the first embodiment of the LCD display uniformity adjustment method based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage according to the present invention. The first embodiment of the LCD display uniformity adjustment method based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage according to the present invention is presented.

[0072] In the first embodiment, the LCD display uniformity adjustment method based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage includes:

[0073] S1: Divide the display area of ​​the display panel into areas to be compensated, and parse the display data of the display area to obtain the original grayscale data;

[0074] In this embodiment of the invention, the display area of ​​the display panel is divided into a region to be compensated, and the display screen data of the display area is parsed to obtain the original grayscale data, specifically including:

[0075] Obtain the pixel matrix distribution of the display panel, and divide the pixel matrix distribution into grids according to horizontal and vertical partitioning units to obtain initial partitioning units;

[0076] Wherein, the number of pixels contained in the horizontal partition unit is taken as an approximation of the total number of horizontal pixels of the display panel, and the number of pixels contained in the vertical partition unit is taken as an approximation of the total number of vertical pixels of the display panel;

[0077] The grayscale value that appears most frequently within the initial partition unit is selected as the representative grayscale.

[0078] Obtain a homogeneous threshold, merge the initial partition units whose difference between gray levels is less than the homogeneous threshold into a new partition, and after traversing the initial partition units, obtain the area to be compensated of the display panel.

[0079] The homogeneity threshold is composed of the grayscale resolution level of the display panel and the minimum perceptible grayscale difference of the standard observer at the grayscale resolution level.

[0080] Extract the grayscale values ​​corresponding to the spatial coordinates of the displayed image data and the area to be compensated, and use the grayscale values ​​as the original grayscale data.

[0081] Collect complete pixel matrix distribution information of the display panel, and perform grid-based splitting of the pixel matrix according to the division rules of horizontal and vertical partition units. After regular division, an initial partition unit with a uniform structure is obtained.

[0082] The pixel count of a single horizontal partition unit is determined by selecting an integer divisor of the total number of horizontal pixels on the display panel, and the pixel count of a single vertical partition unit is determined by selecting an integer divisor of the total number of vertical pixels on the display panel. This uniformly defines the partition unit division specifications. Specifically, the number of pixels in a horizontal partition unit is determined as follows: The total number of horizontal pixels on the display panel is obtained; all divisors of this total number of horizontal pixels are calculated; and the divisor closest to the integer result of dividing the total number of horizontal pixels by 64, with a value not less than 8, is selected as the pixel count of the horizontal partition unit. The number of pixels in a vertical partition unit is determined as follows: The total number of vertical pixels on the display panel is obtained; all divisors of this total number of vertical pixels are calculated; and the divisor closest to the integer result of dividing the total number of vertical pixels by 64, with a value not less than 8, is selected as the pixel count of the vertical partition unit. If multiple divisors are equally close, the largest value is taken. If the total number of horizontal or vertical pixels is a prime number or its smallest divisor is greater than 64, the pixel count of the partition unit is forcibly set to 64, and the partition boundaries are adjusted accordingly to allow the last row or column to be less than a complete partition unit. The above selection rules ensure that the physical size of the partitions falls between 8×8 and 32×32 pixels on a conventional display panel (1920×1080 to 3840×2160), which satisfies the statistical significance of load calculation without causing the calculation load to surge due to excessively fine partitions.

[0083] The occurrence frequency of grayscale values ​​for all pixels within a single initial partition unit is counted. The frequency of occurrence of various grayscale values ​​within the unit is compared, and the grayscale value with the highest frequency within the unit is selected as the representative grayscale value for that initial partition unit.

[0084] A fixed homogeneous threshold is retrieved, and the representative grayscale difference between adjacent initial partition units is compared pairwise. Initial partition units whose representative grayscale difference is less than the homogeneous threshold are merged and integrated. After traversing all initial partition units, the integrated area constitutes the area to be compensated.

[0085] It should be explained that the homogeneity threshold is determined as follows: First, the grayscale resolution level L of the display panel is obtained (e.g., L=256 for an 8-bit panel, L=1024 for a 10-bit panel), and then the minimum perceptible grayscale difference JND for a standard observer at that grayscale resolution level is obtained. The measurement of the minimum perceptible grayscale difference is strictly performed according to the following standardized protocol:

[0086] Test environment: dark room, ambient brightness not higher than 0.1 cd / m²; observation distance is 4 times the panel height; observer's visual acuity (including correction) is not lower than 1.0 and passes the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue test.

[0087] Test pattern: Two uniform grayscale squares of equal size are displayed side by side in the center of the panel. Each square is no less than 200×200 pixels in size, and the gap between the two squares is a neutral gray (grayscale 128) isolation band with a width of 2 pixels.

[0088] Test Procedure: Keep the grayscale of the left square fixed at G0 (a medium grayscale level on the panel, such as 128). Starting from G0, increase or decrease the grayscale of the right square in equal increments (step size 1). Use the forced selection method to have the observer judge whether there is a brightness difference between the left and right squares. Record the grayscale difference ΔG when the observer first reports "difference". Repeat the test 10 times (5 increments, 5 decrements), and take the average of the 10 ΔG values ​​as the observer's minimum perceptible grayscale difference. Compile the results from at least 20 standard observers and take the average as the panel's JND value.

[0089] Multiply the grayscale resolution level L by the minimum perceptible grayscale difference JND to obtain the homogeneity threshold. If the above actual measurement cannot be performed, use empirical values ​​directly: 3 for 8-bit panels and 2 for 10-bit panels.

[0090] Combining the predetermined grayscale resolution levels of the display panel with the minimum perceptible grayscale difference that a standard observer can recognize at the corresponding level, these two conditions are combined to form a unique and fixed homogeneous threshold.

[0091] Match the spatial coordinates of the area to be compensated, accurately extract the corresponding grayscale values ​​from the overall display data, and collect the extracted grayscale values ​​in a unified manner to be used as the raw grayscale data for subsequent use.

[0092] The beneficial effects are as follows: the region division and data extraction methods can accurately regulate the display panel partitions, dividing the initial units according to the approximate number of pixels, ensuring uniform partition specifications and avoiding uneven pixel distribution. Using the highest frequency grayscale within a unit as the representative grayscale simplifies the grayscale representation of the region and improves processing efficiency. Merging similar partitions based on homogeneous thresholds reduces the number of invalid partitions, making the area to be compensated more closely match the actual display characteristics of the image. The homogeneous threshold, combined with grayscale resolution and the minimum perceptible difference set by the human eye, ensures that the partitions conform to the laws of visual perception. Extracting the corresponding grayscale values ​​as raw data according to spatial coordinates can accurately match the region and image information, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent compensation and improving the targeting and accuracy of display uniformity adjustment.

[0093] S2: Based on the original grayscale data, calculate the regional load characteristic value of the area to be compensated, and extract the maximum and minimum values ​​of the original grayscale data in the area to be compensated as grayscale extreme value pairs;

[0094] In this embodiment of the invention, the step of calculating the regional load characteristic value of the area to be compensated based on the original grayscale data, and extracting the maximum and minimum values ​​of the original grayscale data in the area to be compensated as grayscale extremum pairs, specifically includes:

[0095] Traverse the pixels within the area to be compensated, count the occurrence count of all non-zero grayscale values ​​in the original grayscale data, and obtain the cumulative frequency of non-zero grayscale values ​​in the original grayscale data;

[0096] The ratio of the cumulative frequency of the non-zero gray levels to the total number of pixels is used to obtain the regional load characteristic value of the area to be compensated.

[0097] Scan the original grayscale data in the area to be compensated, record the highest grayscale value encountered during the traversal as the maximum value, and record the lowest grayscale value encountered during the traversal as the minimum value.

[0098] The maximum value and the minimum value are output together as the grayscale extreme value pair of the region to be compensated.

[0099] One by one, all pixels covered by the area to be compensated are enumerated, and the original grayscale data content corresponding to each pixel is collected one by one. Grayscale content with a value of zero is filtered out separately, and the actual occurrence frequency of the remaining non-zero grayscale values ​​is continuously recorded. After the entire process is accumulated and statistically analyzed, the cumulative frequency of non-zero grayscale values ​​of the complete original grayscale data is formed.

[0100] Based on the cumulative frequency of non-zero gray levels that has been statistically completed, and combined with the total number of all pixels statistically obtained within the area to be compensated, the comparison calculation of the two sets of data is completed in a fixed comparison method, and finally a unique corresponding regional load feature value of the area to be compensated is generated.

[0101] A comprehensive investigation and reading of all original grayscale data within the area to be compensated is conducted. The highest grayscale value identified during the screening process is retained in real time as a fixed maximum value, and the lowest grayscale value identified during the screening process is retained simultaneously as a fixed minimum value.

[0102] The maximum and minimum grayscale data are integrated and combined to form a fixed matching relationship, which directly generates the grayscale extreme value pairs corresponding to the area to be compensated.

[0103] The beneficial effects are as follows: the calculation method eliminates zero-grayscale interference by statistically counting the cumulative frequency of non-zero grayscale levels within the region, thus accurately reflecting the effective pixel driving load. The ratio of frequency to total pixel count yields the regional load characteristic value, quantifying the regional driving pressure and providing a basis for differentiated compensation. Simultaneously extracting the maximum and minimum grayscale values ​​to form extreme value pairs fully reflects the dynamic range of regional grayscale levels, clearly defining the boundaries of compensation intensity. The dual-dimensional extraction of load characteristics and grayscale extreme values ​​comprehensively characterizes the regional display features, improving the targeting of compensation. The calculation logic is simple and efficient, ensuring real-time compensation response speed, avoiding under-compensation or over-compensation, and providing stable and reliable data support for subsequent weight matching and voltage output.

[0104] S3: Based on the regional load characteristic value and the grayscale extreme value pair, match the load compensation weight and extreme value compensation weight from the preset compensation mapping table;

[0105] In this embodiment of the invention, the step of matching the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight from a preset compensation mapping table based on the regional load feature value and the grayscale extreme value pair specifically includes:

[0106] Obtain a preset compensation mapping table, which includes a load characteristic value range, a grayscale extreme value pair range, and a load compensation weight value and an extreme value compensation weight value that are jointly corresponding to the load characteristic value range and the grayscale extreme value pair range.

[0107] The regional load characteristic value is compared with the load characteristic value interval one by one to determine the target load interval into which the regional load characteristic value falls.

[0108] Compare the extreme value range formed by the maximum and minimum values ​​in the grayscale extreme value pair with the grayscale extreme value pair interval one by one to determine the target extreme value interval into which the extreme value range falls.

[0109] Using the target load range and the target extreme value range as indexes, the matching load compensation weight and extreme value compensation weight are extracted from the compensation mapping table.

[0110] The device retrieves a pre-defined compensation mapping table that contains the defined load characteristic value range and grayscale extreme value pair range. It also retains the load compensation weight value and extreme value compensation weight value that are specifically matched by the combination of the two types of ranges.

[0111] It should be explained that the compensation mapping table is generated offline once before shipment for the current display panel model and is stored in the non-volatile memory of the driver chip. For panels of different models, different liquid crystal modes (TN, IPS, VA), different resolutions or sizes, the following general process should be followed for recalibration, and it should not be applied across different models:

[0112] (1) Take a panel to be calibrated and place it in a standard environment with a temperature of 25℃±2℃ and a humidity of 50%±10%, and turn on the backlight to the rated brightness.

[0113] (2) The panel display area is divided into areas to be compensated according to the method of claim 2, and the partition size is fixed as a 32×32 pixel grid.

[0114] (3) Traverse the load characteristic value range (divided into 5 levels: 0~0.2, 0.2~0.4, 0.4~0.6, 0.6~0.8, 0.8~1.0) and the grayscale extreme value range (4 levels: 0~63, 64~127, 128~191, 192~255), and perform the following calibration process for each range combination:

[0115] (3a) Generate a set of test images, wherein the regional load characteristic values ​​of the test images fall within the target load range, and the grayscale extreme values ​​fall within the target extreme value range. For example, for a load range of 0 to 0.2 and an extreme value range of 0 to 63, a uniform image with all pixels having a grayscale value of 32 can be generated.

[0116] (3b) The load compensation weight and extreme value compensation weight are each traversed in a step size of 0.01 within the range of 0.01 to 0.99, and the display uniformity evaluation index Q is calculated for each weight group. The calculation method of Q is as follows: measure the actual brightness of each zone, calculate the average brightness of all zones, and then sum the absolute values ​​of the differences between the brightness of each zone and the average value, and divide by the total number of zones. The smaller the Q value, the better the uniformity.

[0117] (3c) Take the weight pair with the smallest Q value under the combination of intervals as the final compensation weight of the combination of intervals and write it into the compensation mapping table.

[0118] (4) If the uniformity is poor due to differences in panel batches during actual use, the driver chip should retain the function of rewriting the compensation mapping table through the I2C or SPI interface to allow fine-tuning and calibration for each panel on the production line.

[0119] The calculated regional load characteristic values ​​are compared one by one with all load characteristic value intervals in the compensation mapping table to accurately define the range boundary of the current regional load characteristic value, thereby locking in the unique corresponding target load interval.

[0120] Based on the fixed maximum and minimum values ​​within the grayscale extreme value pairs, the complete grayscale extreme value coverage range is defined. This extreme value range is then compared item by item with all grayscale extreme value pairs in the compensation mapping table to accurately define the division interval where the extreme value range is located, thereby locking in the unique corresponding target extreme value interval.

[0121] Using the established target load range and target extreme value range as fixed retrieval criteria, the internal storage content of the compensation mapping table is retrieved based on the bidirectional interval association correspondence. The load compensation weight and extreme value compensation weight corresponding to the two sets of intervals are directly retrieved and output.

[0122] The beneficial effects are as follows: Using a pre-defined compensation mapping table for weight matching enables rapid standardization of features to compensation parameters, improving processing efficiency. Locking the target load range through interval comparison allows for precise adaptation of compensation intensity to the region's driving load state. Determining the target extreme value range through extreme value range comparison ensures that compensation parameters align with the region's grayscale span, reducing deviations caused by grayscale differences. Dual-interval joint indexing extracts dual weights, taking into account both load and grayscale distribution differences, improving matching accuracy. This method eliminates the need for complex real-time calculations, reducing system load, adapting to high frame rate real-time compensation, while ensuring consistent compensation logic across regions, enhancing display uniformity and the solution's versatility.

[0123] S4: Based on the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight, the original grayscale data is nonlinearly fused to obtain a comprehensive load characteristic correction value;

[0124] In this embodiment of the invention, the step of performing nonlinear fusion on the original grayscale data based on the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight to obtain a comprehensive load feature correction value specifically includes:

[0125] Frequency distribution statistics are performed on the original grayscale data to obtain the grayscale distribution histogram of the display panel;

[0126] Based on the grayscale distribution histogram, determine the median grayscale value and the mode grayscale value of the original grayscale data;

[0127] The load compensation weight and the median gray level value are linearly modulated to obtain the first fusion component of the original gray level data.

[0128] The extreme value compensation weight and the mode gray level value are subjected to extreme value weighting calibration to obtain the second fusion component of the original gray level data;

[0129] The first fusion component and the second fusion component are superimposed, and the superimposed result is nonlinearly combined with the average value of the original grayscale data to obtain the comprehensive load characteristic correction value of the display panel.

[0130] The first fusion component and the second fusion component are superimposed, and the superimposed result is nonlinearly combined with the average value of the original grayscale data to obtain the comprehensive load characteristic correction value of the display panel, specifically including:

[0131] The first fusion component and the second fusion component are added together to obtain the superimposed intermediate value of the original grayscale data.

[0132] The load characteristic values ​​of the region are normalized to obtain the normalized load coefficient of the original grayscale data.

[0133] Based on the superimposed median value, the normalized load coefficient, and the average value, calculate the comprehensive load characteristic correction value of the display panel:

[0134] ;

[0135] In the formula, This is the correction value for the overall load characteristics. The normalized load factor is... The superimposed intermediate value, The average value is... The preset nonlinear adjustment factor, and The value range is [0, 0.5].

[0136] A complete frequency distribution statistical study was conducted on all the original grayscale data. The actual distribution quantity and arrangement pattern of different grayscale values ​​were counted one by one. Based on the distribution information obtained from the statistics, a complete grayscale distribution histogram corresponding to the display panel was constructed.

[0137] Based on the established grayscale distribution histogram, the arrangement order and distribution frequency of all grayscale values ​​are sorted out. According to the numerical arrangement rules, the grayscale content corresponding to the center position is determined and fixed as the median grayscale value. According to the frequency statistics results, the grayscale content that appears most frequently is determined and fixed as the mode grayscale value.

[0138] By combining the predetermined load compensation weights, the median grayscale value is subjected to fixed weight adaptation adjustment. The numerical linkage adjustment is completed by relying on the weight matching adaptation method, and the first fusion component corresponding to the original grayscale data is stably generated.

[0139] By combining the predetermined extreme value compensation weights, the mode grayscale value is subjected to fixed weighting and calibration processing. The numerical correction and adaptation are completed based on the weight constraints corresponding to the extreme values, and the second fusion component corresponding to the original grayscale data is stably generated.

[0140] The first and second fusion components are superimposed and integrated as a whole. The average value calculated from the original grayscale data is combined to perform a fixed non-linear adaptation and integration operation. The data fusion process is completed by following a unified correction logic throughout, and finally the comprehensive load characteristic correction value of the display panel is stably obtained.

[0141] The comprehensive load characteristic correction value is obtained by integrating the superimposed median value, the normalized load coefficient, the average value of the original grayscale data, and the preset nonlinear adjustment factor using fixed logic. Its specific value is determined by these four types of data.

[0142] The normalized load factor is derived from the normalization of the regional load characteristic values ​​obtained in the previous calculation. The numerical representation of the regional load characteristic values ​​is calibrated through a unified and standardized regularization logic, and finally the normalized load factor is generated by the formula calculation.

[0143] It should be explained that the normalized load coefficient is obtained by linearly normalizing the regional load characteristic value. Specifically, the calculation method is as follows: subtract the minimum possible regional load characteristic value measured under a full grayscale black screen from the regional load characteristic value of the current area to be compensated; then divide by the difference between the maximum and minimum possible regional load characteristic values ​​measured under a full grayscale white screen. The result is the normalized load coefficient. The maximum and minimum possible values ​​can be obtained through a one-time calibration before the panel leaves the factory and stored in the driver system. If the maximum and minimum possible values ​​are equal, the normalized load coefficient is 0.5.

[0144] The intermediate value is obtained by adding the first and second blending components. A fixed overlay operation is used to integrate the contents of the two blending components, ultimately generating the intermediate value required by the formula. The average value of the original grayscale data is obtained by performing a comprehensive calculation on all the original grayscale data. The sum of all the original grayscale data values ​​is divided by the total number of original grayscale data points to obtain the average value.

[0145] The nonlinear adjustment factor is a preset and fixed value stored in the device. Its value is limited to between 0 and 0.5. It does not need to be generated through calculation and is used directly as a fixed parameter for formula calculation.

[0146] It should be explained that the nonlinear adjustment factor is used to control the correction strength for the deviation between the superimposed intermediate value and the average value. The value of the nonlinear adjustment factor is determined in advance through panel type experimental calibration: for conventional TN LCD panels, γ is 0.1; for IPS LCD panels, γ is 0.2; for VA LCD panels, γ is 0.3; when the panel type is not specified or there are no calibration conditions, γ is defaulted to 0.2. The value range of γ is limited to 0 to 0.5. A value of 0 is equivalent to pure linear weighted fusion, and a value of 0.5 achieves the maximum nonlinear correction strength.

[0147] The significance of this formula is that it integrates the normalized load coefficient, the superimposed intermediate value, the average value of the original grayscale data, and the preset nonlinear adjustment factor through fixed calculation logic. It performs nonlinear correction on the fusion components and average value related to the original grayscale data, and finally obtains a comprehensive load characteristic correction value that can accurately reflect the load characteristics of the display panel. This provides an accurate and reliable correction basis for the grayscale compensation of the display panel, ensuring that the display effect of the display panel is uniform and stable, and meeting the technical requirements of grayscale compensation control of the display panel.

[0148] The beneficial effects are as follows: by determining the median and mode grayscale values ​​through grayscale distribution statistics, the grayscale characteristics of a region can be accurately characterized from two dimensions: the distribution center and high-frequency features. Linear modulation of the load compensation weight and the median grayscale can stably integrate load differences into the compensation components. Limiting the extreme value weighting of the mode grayscale allows the compensation to adapt to the dynamic range of grayscale. The nonlinear combination of component superposition with the grayscale average value achieves deep collaborative correction of load and extreme value features, avoiding single-dimensional compensation deviations. Nonlinear fusion adapts to complex scene scenarios, the correction values ​​are more closely aligned with actual driving requirements, the computation process is efficient, providing accurate and reliable input parameters for voltage compensation, and improving image uniformity and transition smoothness.

[0149] First, the dual-fusion components are superimposed to obtain an intermediate value. Then, the load characteristics are normalized to obtain coefficients. Combining the grayscale average value with a limited range of nonlinear factors, the correction value can simultaneously take into account linear weighting and nonlinear fine-tuning. The normalization coefficient can eliminate the differences in load values ​​in different areas, ensuring a fair compensation ratio. The squared term provides precise reinforcement correction for areas deviating from the mean, avoiding screen jumps. The nonlinear factor value is reasonably selected, the correction process is smooth and natural, the overall formula logic is clear, the calculation is efficient, and the output comprehensive correction value accurately adapts to the panel driving characteristics, providing a stable and reliable core basis for voltage compensation and significantly improving display uniformity.

[0150] S5: Based on the common electrode reference voltage of the display panel, the comprehensive load characteristic correction value is mapped to a dynamic compensation voltage value, and the dynamic compensation voltage value is superimposed with the common electrode reference voltage to form an actual driving voltage, which is then transmitted to the common electrode trace of the area to be compensated.

[0151] In this embodiment of the invention, mapping the comprehensive load characteristic correction value to a dynamic compensation voltage value based on the common electrode reference voltage of the display panel specifically includes:

[0152] The common electrode reference voltage value and grayscale-voltage response curve of the display panel are acquired simultaneously.

[0153] Extract the ideal driving voltage corresponding to the comprehensive load characteristic correction value from the gray-scale voltage response curve;

[0154] Obtain the historical compensation voltage value of the area to be compensated, and perform time-series smoothing processing on the ideal driving voltage and the historical compensation voltage value to obtain the smoothed reference voltage of the display panel;

[0155] The dynamic compensation voltage value of the display panel is obtained by differential analysis of the smoothed reference voltage and the common electrode reference voltage.

[0156] The step of superimposing the dynamic compensation voltage value with the common electrode reference voltage to form the actual driving voltage, and transmitting it to the common electrode trace in the region to be compensated, specifically includes:

[0157] The dynamic compensation voltage value and the common electrode reference voltage are used as two voltage sources for the input terminal;

[0158] The output terminal of the dynamic compensation voltage value and the output terminal of the common electrode reference voltage are connected in series to the same voltage superposition node, so that the potential polarity of the dynamic compensation voltage value and the common electrode reference voltage are kept in the same direction, thus obtaining the actual driving voltage of the display panel.

[0159] The actual driving voltage is input to the input terminal of the common electrode trace of the region to be compensated through the voltage superposition node;

[0160] The signal is propagated along the common electrode trace to the pixel common electrode of the region to be compensated in the form of a voltage signal.

[0161] The system collects complete electrical parameters of the common electrode reference voltage that are continuously fixed under the working state of the display panel in real time, and simultaneously retrieves the voltage change correlation curve corresponding to the gray level that is solidified and stored inside the display panel. The two types of electrical reference data are completely retained for subsequent voltage matching calculations.

[0162] Based on the complete correlation between the grayscale and voltage response curves, and according to the grayscale correction attribute corresponding to the comprehensive load characteristic correction value, fixed-point matching is performed along the correlation of the curves to accurately lock and extract the ideal driving voltage that uniquely matches the comprehensive load characteristic correction value, thereby determining the standard driving voltage reference data for a single region.

[0163] The system retrieves historical compensation voltage values ​​that have been used in previous frame cycles of the area to be compensated. Based on the voltage transition adjustment logic of continuous frame, it performs continuous transition adaptation processing on the ideal driving voltage obtained in real time and the historical compensation voltage values ​​retained in the early stage. This eliminates abrupt deviations during voltage switching and continuously completes the smooth connection and integration of the two types of voltages, ultimately forming a smooth reference voltage that meets the requirements of continuous display of the image.

[0164] It should be explained that the timing smoothing process employs a first-order recursive smoothing filter. The specific calculation rule is as follows: the smoothing reference voltage of the current frame equals the smoothing coefficient multiplied by the ideal driving voltage of the current frame, plus the difference between the smoothing coefficient and the previous frame's smoothing reference voltage. The smoothing coefficient ranges from 0.2 to 0.5, with 0.3 recommended. A larger smoothing coefficient results in a faster response but decreased smoothness; a smaller smoothing coefficient results in better smoothness but increased response delay.

[0165] To further explain, the historical compensation voltage value is the smoothed reference voltage value corresponding to the same compensation region stored in the previous N frames (N≥1, 5 frames in this embodiment). If the current frame is the first frame after power-on, or if the historical data is missing due to abnormal reset, the smoothed reference voltage of the current frame is set to equal the ideal driving voltage of the current frame, that is, no smoothing processing is performed.

[0166] For different refresh rates, such as 60 Hz and 120 Hz, the smoothing coefficient does not need to be changed because the effective time constant of the recursive filter is in units of frame periods, and the actual response time scales proportionally with the frame rate. If a consistent absolute value of the response time is required, the smoothing coefficient needs to be adjusted according to the refresh rate. This embodiment uses a fixed smoothing coefficient of 0.3 by default, which is acceptable within the range of 60 Hz to 144 Hz.

[0167] Based on the analytical logic of electrical signal difference comparison, the potential difference between the integrated smooth reference voltage and the real-time acquired common electrode reference voltage is analyzed and compared. The potential offset and adaptation adjustment between the two types of voltages are accurately distinguished. After the complete analysis and calculation, a dynamic compensation voltage value that can be directly applied to the adjustment of the display panel is generated.

[0168] The two independent voltage output signals, dynamic compensation voltage and common electrode reference voltage, are locked separately. The two voltage signals are set as two fixed input voltage sources in the voltage superposition processing stage, maintaining the independent output state of the two voltage signals for subsequent integration processing.

[0169] The access nodes and layout paths of the circuit connections are uniformly planned. The line output terminals carrying the dynamic compensation voltage value and the line output terminals carrying the common electrode reference voltage are connected in series to the dedicated voltage superposition node. The potential deflection direction and electrical polarity standard of the two types of voltage signals are strictly unified to ensure the electrical stability of the voltage superposition process. After the two voltage signals are electrically fused inside the superposition node, the actual driving voltage required for the operation of the display panel is stably generated.

[0170] Relying on the signal transmission path of the voltage superposition node, the actual driving voltage generated by fusion is completely delivered to the access port of the common electrode line deployed in the area to be compensated, ensuring that the voltage signal can enter the transmission link of the common electrode line completely and without loss.

[0171] Relying on the pre-set line conduction structure of the common electrode wiring, the actual driving voltage after connection is stably conducted along the line path in the form of a continuous electrical signal, and continuously delivered to the common electrode of each pixel structure in the area to be compensated, so as to achieve full-area accurate coverage supply of compensation voltage signal.

[0172] The beneficial effects are as follows: Simultaneous acquisition of the reference voltage and grayscale voltage response curves provides a precise hardware reference for characteristic value to voltage conversion. An ideal driving voltage is extracted based on the curves to ensure that the correction value matches the panel's electrical characteristics. Historical compensation voltages are introduced for timing smoothing, eliminating inter-frame voltage abrupt changes and preventing screen flickering. Pure compensation components are obtained through differential analysis without altering the reference voltage, ensuring the stability of the driving foundation. The entire mapping process is seamless and computationally efficient, producing a precise and smooth dynamic compensation voltage that adapts to high refresh rate displays and provides a reliable adjustment signal for subsequent voltage superposition.

[0173] By using the dynamic compensation voltage and the common electrode reference voltage as independent voltage sources and superimposing them in series with the same polarity, the actual driving voltage adapted to the needs of the area can be safely and stably generated. Superposition at the same node avoids signal interference and polarity conflicts, ensuring reliable circuit operation. Directional delivery to the common electrode trace of the target area through a dedicated node enables precise zone driving without affecting non-target areas. The voltage is stably transmitted to the pixel common electrode along the trace, resulting in fast compensation response and uniform coverage. It retains the basic characteristics of the reference voltage while accurately correcting display unevenness caused by load differences, improving the overall consistency of the image.

[0174] S6: Collect the actual voltage feedback value of the common electrode trace and compare it bidirectionally with the actual driving voltage to obtain a deviation feedback signal. When the deviation feedback signal exceeds a preset threshold, update the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight. Repeat S4 and S5 until the deviation feedback signal converges within the preset threshold.

[0175] In this embodiment of the invention, the actual voltage feedback value of the common electrode trace is collected and compared bidirectionally with the actual driving voltage to obtain a deviation feedback signal. When the deviation feedback signal exceeds a preset threshold, the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight are updated. S4 and S5 are repeated until the deviation feedback signal converges within the preset threshold. Specifically, this includes:

[0176] At each sampling time, the actual voltage feedback value of the common electrode trace is obtained, and the actual voltage feedback value is compared bidirectionally with the upper tolerance boundary and lower tolerance boundary of the actual driving voltage, respectively.

[0177] When the actual voltage feedback value exceeds the upper tolerance boundary or falls below the lower tolerance boundary, a deviation feedback signal is generated, wherein the deviation feedback signal includes the deviation direction information and the deviation amplitude level.

[0178] When the deviation feedback signal is greater than a preset threshold, the load compensation weight is dynamically adjusted according to the excess direction information, and the extreme value compensation weight is updated step by step according to the excess amplitude level.

[0179] Based on the adjusted load compensation weight and updated extreme value compensation weight, S4 and S5 are executed again until the actual voltage feedback value falls between the upper limit tolerance boundary and the lower limit tolerance boundary, and the deviation feedback signal is determined to converge within the preset threshold.

[0180] At each fixed sampling time, the actual voltage feedback value currently transmitted by the common electrode trace is accurately collected, and the real-time electrical parameters of the voltage value are completely obtained. At the same time, the actual driving voltage generated in the previous period and transmitted to the common electrode trace is retrieved, and the upper and lower tolerance boundaries corresponding to the actual driving voltage are identified. The collected actual voltage feedback value is compared with the upper and lower tolerance boundaries in a two-way manner, and the positional relationship between the actual voltage feedback value and the two tolerance boundaries is determined one by one.

[0181] It should be explained that the actual voltage feedback value is acquired as follows: On the common electrode trace of each area to be compensated, a voltage sampling point is selected near the geometric center of the area. The sampling point is no more than one-third of the total trace length from the area drive input terminal. The sampling point is connected to the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) input terminal through an independent detection trace. The ADC resolution is no less than twelve bits, and the sampling accuracy is no greater than one millivolt. The sampling time is tied to the panel frame synchronization signal, VSYNC. Three consecutive samples are taken during the vertical blanking period, with a two-microsecond interval between two adjacent samples. The arithmetic mean of the three sampling results is taken as the actual voltage feedback value of that frame.

[0182] The actual voltage feedback value is compared bidirectionally with the upper and lower tolerance boundaries of the actual driving voltage to calculate the absolute value of the deviation. The calculation method for this absolute value is as follows: take the larger of the difference between the actual voltage feedback value exceeding the upper tolerance boundary and the difference between the actual voltage feedback value and the lower tolerance boundary. If the actual voltage feedback value is between the upper and lower tolerance boundaries, the absolute value of the deviation is zero. This absolute value of the deviation is used as the deviation feedback signal. The upper and lower tolerance boundaries are set as follows: Upper tolerance boundary = Actual driving voltage + ΔV, Lower tolerance boundary = Actual driving voltage - ΔV, where ΔV is a preset fixed tolerance value. In this embodiment, ΔV is 5 millivolts. The value of ΔV can be configured via a register according to the panel noise level and compensation accuracy requirements, ranging from 2 millivolts to 20 millivolts.

[0183] When the deviation feedback signal, i.e., the absolute value of the deviation amplitude, exceeds a preset threshold, the load compensation weight is dynamically adjusted according to the deviation direction information, and the extreme value compensation weight is updated step-wise according to the deviation amplitude level. Here, the deviation direction information refers to whether the actual voltage feedback value is higher than the upper tolerance boundary or lower than the lower tolerance boundary.

[0184] When the actual voltage feedback value is higher than the upper tolerance boundary or lower than the lower tolerance boundary, the deviation detection mechanism is immediately triggered to generate a deviation feedback signal for reporting voltage abnormalities. This deviation feedback signal clearly contains the specific direction information of the actual voltage feedback value exceeding the tolerance boundary, i.e., whether it is higher than the upper limit or lower than the lower limit, and also contains the magnitude level of the actual voltage feedback value exceeding the tolerance boundary, clearly indicating the degree of exceedance.

[0185] A fixed deviation judgment standard, i.e. a preset threshold, is pre-set. The generated deviation feedback signal is compared with the preset threshold for judgment. When the value of the deviation feedback signal is greater than the preset threshold, the load compensation weight determined in the early stage is dynamically adjusted according to the excess direction information contained in the deviation feedback signal to ensure that the adjustment direction is compatible with the voltage deviation direction. At the same time, the extreme value compensation weight is updated according to the excess amplitude level contained in the deviation feedback signal and a fixed step size rule. The higher the amplitude level, the more accurate the step size adjustment, ensuring the adaptability of the weight update.

[0186] It should be explained that the value of the preset threshold is determined by the common electrode voltage noise margin of the panel and the analog-to-digital conversion sampling accuracy. A preset threshold of 10 millivolts is recommended, which is suitable for most small-to-medium-sized LCD panels, i.e., those with a diagonal size of less than 27 inches. For large-sized panels, with a diagonal size greater than or equal to 27 inches, the preset threshold can be relaxed to 20 millivolts due to the increased resistance of the common electrode traces. Users can configure this threshold through the driver chip register.

[0187] The definition of the deviation level is as follows: First, calculate the deviation amplitude, which is equal to the absolute difference between the actual voltage feedback value and the nearest tolerance boundary, in millivolts. Level 1: Deviation amplitude less than 10 millivolts, step size 0.01; Level 2: Deviation amplitude greater than or equal to 10 millivolts and less than 30 millivolts, step size 0.02; Level 3: Deviation amplitude greater than or equal to 30 millivolts, step size 0.05.

[0188] Step size update direction: If the actual voltage feedback value is higher than the upper tolerance boundary, the extreme value compensation weight is reduced by one step; if the actual voltage feedback value is lower than the lower tolerance boundary, the extreme value compensation weight is increased by one step. The updated extreme value compensation weight is limited to between 0.01 and 0.99.

[0189] To prevent oscillations, if the deviation directions are opposite in two consecutive iterations (one too high and one too low), the current extreme value compensation weight is rolled back to the value before the two iterations and adjusted again only by 0.5 times the current step size.

[0190] Convergence criterion: If the sampling frequency is synchronized with the frame rate for 5 consecutive sampling times, for example, sampling once every 16.67 milliseconds at 60 Hz, and the actual voltage feedback value falls between the upper tolerance boundary and the lower tolerance boundary, then the deviation feedback signal is determined to have converged within the preset threshold.

[0191] It should be explained that the dynamic adjustment rule for the load compensation weight is as follows: If the out-of-direction information in the deviation feedback signal is "actual voltage is higher than the upper tolerance boundary", then the current load compensation weight is reduced by 5% of the current value, that is, the new weight is equal to the original weight multiplied by 0.95; if the out-of-direction information is "actual voltage is lower than the lower tolerance boundary", then the current load compensation weight is increased by 5% of the current value, that is, the new weight is equal to the original weight multiplied by 1.05. After each adjustment, the weight is limited to the range of 0.05 to 0.95.

[0192] It should be explained that the step size update rules for the extreme value compensation weight are as follows: First, the "deviation amplitude" in "exceeding the amplitude level" is defined as the absolute difference between the actual voltage feedback value and the nearest tolerance boundary, in millivolts. Second, the level division and corresponding step size: Level 1 is a deviation amplitude less than 10 millivolts, with a step size of 0.01; Level 2 is a deviation amplitude greater than or equal to 10 millivolts and less than 30 millivolts, with a step size of 0.02; Level 3 is a deviation amplitude greater than or equal to 30 millivolts, with a step size of 0.05. Third, the step size update direction: when the actual voltage is higher than the upper tolerance boundary, the extreme value compensation weight decreases by one step; when the actual voltage is lower than the lower tolerance boundary, the extreme value compensation weight increases by one step. The updated extreme value compensation weight is limited to between 0.01 and 0.99. Fourth, the step size is not cumulative; each iteration independently redetermines the step size value based on the current deviation amplitude. Fifth, if the deviation directions are opposite in two consecutive iterations, the current extreme value compensation weight is rolled back to the value before the two iterations, and only 0.5 times the current step size is adjusted as a way to prevent oscillation.

[0193] Using the adjusted load compensation weight and the updated extreme value compensation weight as the new calculation basis, the previous steps of nonlinearly fusing the original grayscale data based on the load compensation weight and extreme value compensation weight to obtain the comprehensive load characteristic correction value, and mapping the comprehensive load characteristic correction value to the dynamic compensation voltage value and superimposing it as the actual driving voltage are repeated. The above steps are continuously repeated until the actual voltage feedback value collected can stably fall between the upper tolerance boundary and the lower tolerance boundary. At this time, it is determined that the deviation feedback signal has converged within the preset threshold, and the weight adjustment and step cycle are stopped.

[0194] The beneficial effects include real-time voltage feedback acquisition and bidirectional comparison with upper and lower tolerance boundaries, enabling comprehensive monitoring of the voltage output status. When deviations exceed the range, a deviation signal with direction and amplitude is generated, accurately pinpointing the type and degree of deviation. Once the deviation exceeds the threshold, the load weight is adjusted according to direction, and the extreme value weight is updated according to amplitude, resulting in accurate and stable correction. Closed-loop iterative repetition of the correction steps ensures the voltage continuously converges within the allowable range, offsetting offsets caused by line losses and component aging. Fully automatic correction requires no manual intervention, significantly improving compensation accuracy and system stability, and ensuring long-term display uniformity.

[0195] Example 2: Furthermore, the LCD display uniformity adjustment system based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage provided by the present invention, employing the LCD display uniformity adjustment method based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage in the above embodiments, can solve the technical problem of LCD display uniformity adjustment based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage. The beneficial effects of the LCD display uniformity adjustment system based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage provided by the present invention are the same as those of the LCD display uniformity adjustment method based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features of the LCD display uniformity adjustment system based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage are the same as those disclosed in the methods of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0196] It should be understood that the various parts disclosed in this invention can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0197] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting LCD display uniformity based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage, characterized in that, The methods include: S1: Divide the display area of ​​the display panel into areas to be compensated, and parse the display data of the display area to obtain the original grayscale data; S2: Based on the original grayscale data, calculate the regional load characteristic value of the area to be compensated, and extract the maximum and minimum values ​​of the original grayscale data in the area to be compensated as grayscale extreme value pairs; S3: Based on the regional load characteristic value and the grayscale extreme value pair, match the load compensation weight and extreme value compensation weight from the preset compensation mapping table; S4: Based on the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight, the original grayscale data is nonlinearly fused to obtain a comprehensive load characteristic correction value; S5: Based on the common electrode reference voltage of the display panel, the comprehensive load characteristic correction value is mapped to a dynamic compensation voltage value, and the dynamic compensation voltage value is superimposed with the common electrode reference voltage to form an actual driving voltage, which is then transmitted to the common electrode trace of the area to be compensated. S6: Collect the actual voltage feedback value of the common electrode trace and compare it bidirectionally with the actual driving voltage to obtain a deviation feedback signal. When the deviation feedback signal exceeds a preset threshold, update the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight. Repeat S4 and S5 until the deviation feedback signal converges within the preset threshold.

2. The LCD display uniformity adjustment method based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves dividing the display area of ​​the display panel into a region to be compensated, and parsing the display data of the display area to obtain the original grayscale data, specifically including: Obtain the pixel matrix distribution of the display panel, and divide the pixel matrix distribution into grids according to horizontal and vertical partitioning units to obtain initial partitioning units; Wherein, the number of pixels contained in the horizontal partition unit is taken as an approximation of the total number of horizontal pixels of the display panel, and the number of pixels contained in the vertical partition unit is taken as an approximation of the total number of vertical pixels of the display panel; The grayscale value that appears most frequently within the initial partition unit is selected as the representative grayscale. Obtain a homogeneous threshold, merge the initial partition units whose difference between gray levels is less than the homogeneous threshold into a new partition, and after traversing the initial partition units, obtain the area to be compensated of the display panel. The homogeneity threshold is composed of the grayscale resolution level of the display panel and the minimum perceptible grayscale difference of the standard observer at the grayscale resolution level. Extract the grayscale values ​​corresponding to the spatial coordinates of the displayed image data and the area to be compensated, and use the grayscale values ​​as the original grayscale data.

3. The LCD display uniformity adjustment method based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calculating the regional load characteristic value of the area to be compensated based on the original grayscale data, and extracting the maximum and minimum values ​​of the original grayscale data in the area to be compensated as grayscale extremum pairs, specifically includes: Traverse the pixels within the area to be compensated, count the occurrence count of all non-zero grayscale values ​​in the original grayscale data, and obtain the cumulative frequency of non-zero grayscale values ​​in the original grayscale data; The ratio of the cumulative frequency of the non-zero gray levels to the total number of pixels is used to obtain the regional load characteristic value of the area to be compensated. Scan the original grayscale data in the area to be compensated, record the highest grayscale value encountered during the traversal as the maximum value, and record the lowest grayscale value encountered during the traversal as the minimum value. The maximum value and the minimum value are output together as the grayscale extreme value pair of the region to be compensated.

4. The LCD display uniformity adjustment method based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of matching load compensation weights and extreme value compensation weights from a preset compensation mapping table based on the regional load characteristic values ​​and the grayscale extreme value pairs specifically includes: Obtain a preset compensation mapping table, which includes a load characteristic value range, a grayscale extreme value pair range, and a load compensation weight value and an extreme value compensation weight value that are jointly corresponding to the load characteristic value range and the grayscale extreme value pair range. The regional load characteristic value is compared with the load characteristic value interval one by one to determine the target load interval into which the regional load characteristic value falls. Compare the extreme value range formed by the maximum and minimum values ​​in the grayscale extreme value pair with the grayscale extreme value pair interval one by one to determine the target extreme value interval into which the extreme value range falls. Using the target load range and the target extreme value range as indexes, the matching load compensation weight and extreme value compensation weight are extracted from the compensation mapping table.

5. The LCD display uniformity adjustment method based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing nonlinear fusion on the original grayscale data based on the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight to obtain a comprehensive load characteristic correction value specifically includes: Frequency distribution statistics are performed on the original grayscale data to obtain the grayscale distribution histogram of the display panel; Based on the grayscale distribution histogram, determine the median grayscale value and the mode grayscale value of the original grayscale data; The load compensation weight and the median gray level value are linearly modulated to obtain the first fusion component of the original gray level data. The extreme value compensation weight and the mode gray level value are subjected to extreme value weighting calibration to obtain the second fusion component of the original gray level data; The first fusion component and the second fusion component are superimposed, and the superimposed result is nonlinearly combined with the average value of the original grayscale data to obtain the comprehensive load characteristic correction value of the display panel.

6. The LCD display uniformity adjustment method based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The first fusion component and the second fusion component are superimposed, and the superimposed result is nonlinearly combined with the average value of the original grayscale data to obtain the comprehensive load characteristic correction value of the display panel, specifically including: The first fusion component and the second fusion component are added together to obtain the superimposed intermediate value of the original grayscale data. The load characteristic values ​​of the region are normalized to obtain the normalized load coefficient of the original grayscale data. Based on the superimposed median value, the normalized load coefficient, and the average value, calculate the comprehensive load characteristic correction value of the display panel: ； In the formula, This is the correction value for the overall load characteristics. The normalized load factor is... The superimposed intermediate value, The average value is... The preset nonlinear adjustment factor, and The value range is [0, 0.5].

7. The LCD display uniformity adjustment method based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The step of mapping the comprehensive load characteristic correction value to a dynamic compensation voltage value based on the common electrode reference voltage of the display panel specifically includes: The reference voltage value of the common electrode of the display panel and the grayscale-voltage response curve are acquired simultaneously. Extract the ideal driving voltage corresponding to the comprehensive load characteristic correction value from the gray-scale voltage response curve; Obtain the historical compensation voltage value of the area to be compensated, and perform time-series smoothing processing on the ideal driving voltage and the historical compensation voltage value to obtain the smoothed reference voltage of the display panel; The dynamic compensation voltage value of the display panel is obtained by differential analysis of the smoothed reference voltage and the common electrode reference voltage.

8. The LCD display uniformity adjustment method based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The step of superimposing the dynamic compensation voltage value with the common electrode reference voltage to form the actual driving voltage, and transmitting it to the common electrode trace in the region to be compensated, specifically includes: The dynamic compensation voltage value and the common electrode reference voltage are used as two voltage sources for the input terminal; The output terminal of the dynamic compensation voltage value and the output terminal of the common electrode reference voltage are connected in series to the same voltage superposition node, so that the potential polarity of the dynamic compensation voltage value and the common electrode reference voltage are kept in the same direction, thus obtaining the actual driving voltage of the display panel. The actual driving voltage is input to the input terminal of the common electrode trace of the region to be compensated through the voltage superposition node; The signal propagates along the common electrode trace to the pixel common electrode in the region to be compensated in the form of a voltage signal.

9. The LCD display uniformity adjustment method based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The actual voltage feedback value of the common electrode trace is collected and compared bidirectionally with the actual driving voltage to obtain a deviation feedback signal. When the deviation feedback signal exceeds a preset threshold, the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight are updated. S4 and S5 are repeated until the deviation feedback signal converges within the preset threshold. Specifically, this includes: At each sampling time, the actual voltage feedback value of the common electrode trace is obtained, and the actual voltage feedback value is compared bidirectionally with the upper tolerance boundary and lower tolerance boundary of the actual driving voltage, respectively. When the actual voltage feedback value exceeds the upper tolerance boundary or falls below the lower tolerance boundary, a deviation feedback signal is generated, wherein the deviation feedback signal includes the deviation direction information and the deviation amplitude level. When the deviation feedback signal is greater than a preset threshold, the load compensation weight is dynamically adjusted according to the excess direction information, and the extreme value compensation weight is updated step by step according to the excess amplitude level. Based on the adjusted load compensation weight and updated extreme value compensation weight, S4 and S5 are executed again until the actual voltage feedback value falls between the upper limit tolerance boundary and the lower limit tolerance boundary, and the deviation feedback signal is determined to converge within the preset threshold.

10. An LCD display uniformity adjustment system based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage, applied to the LCD display uniformity adjustment method based on dynamic compensation of common electrode voltage as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, include: The block division and data extraction module is used to divide the display area of ​​the display panel into areas to be compensated, and to parse the display screen data of the display area to obtain the original grayscale data; The data processing module is used to calculate the regional load characteristic value of the area to be compensated based on the original grayscale data, and extract the maximum and minimum values ​​of the original grayscale data in the area to be compensated as grayscale extreme value pairs. The dual-weight query module is used to match the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight from a preset compensation mapping table based on the regional load characteristic value and the grayscale extreme value pair. The nonlinear fusion module is used to perform nonlinear fusion on the original grayscale data according to the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight to obtain a comprehensive load characteristic correction value. The drive transmission module is used to map the comprehensive load characteristic correction value to a dynamic compensation voltage value according to the common electrode reference voltage of the display panel, and to superimpose the dynamic compensation voltage value with the common electrode reference voltage to form an actual drive voltage, which is then transmitted to the common electrode trace of the area to be compensated. The iterative update module is used to collect the actual voltage feedback value of the common electrode trace, compare it bidirectionally with the actual driving voltage to obtain a deviation feedback signal. When the deviation feedback signal exceeds a preset threshold, the load compensation weight and the extreme value compensation weight are updated. S4 and S5 are repeated until the deviation feedback signal converges within the preset threshold.

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