A triple supply device and method based on ammonia fuel proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Abstract

This invention provides a combined heat and power (CHP) device and method based on ammonia fuel proton exchange membrane fuel cell, comprising: a proton exchange membrane fuel cell system for converting ammonia fuel into electrical energy, thermal energy, and high-temperature exhaust gas; and a dual-effect absorption refrigeration system for generating cold energy using the waste heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas; wherein the proton exchange membrane fuel cell system and the dual-effect absorption refrigeration system are thermally coupled together via a circulating water loop; the circulating water loop consists of a circulating water pump (12), a waste heat boiler (13), and a second heat exchanger (14) in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell system, and a high-pressure generator (18) and a low-pressure generator (19) in the dual-effect absorption refrigeration system. This technical solution comprehensively evaluates the system's energy supply efficiency, operational stability, and environmental benefits through system thermodynamic simulation, key equipment loss analysis, full-condition performance simulation, and energy efficiency verification, thereby solving the technical problems raised in the background section.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ammonia fuel technology, and in particular to a combined heat and power (CHP) device and method based on ammonia fuel proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Background Technology

[0002] The ammonia-fueled proton exchange membrane battery (PEMFC) system uses ammonia as a hydrogen storage carrier, combining the advantages of efficient hydrogen power generation and easy storage and transportation of ammonia. Its fuel can be liquefied and stored at normal temperature and pressure, with high energy density, safe and convenient storage and transportation, and can be partially supplied by existing chemical infrastructure. The system can generate electricity at a rate of 35% to 45%, and the reaction process is carbon-free, clean and environmentally friendly. At the same time, the system has a relatively compact structure, low operating noise, and stable partial load efficiency, making it suitable for various scenarios such as distributed energy supply and off-grid power supply in remote areas. Compared with traditional energy supply systems, it has significant advantages in zero-carbon transition, comprehensive energy utilization, and fuel supply flexibility.

[0003] Currently, ammonia-fueled PEMFC power generation technology has a mature technical route and has been demonstrated in kilowatt to hundred-kilowatt scale applications. Secondly, the core shortcoming of combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) systems is the significant carbon emissions of traditional gas-fired systems. While pure hydrogen PEMFCs achieve zero-carbon operation, hydrogen storage and transportation costs are high, and large-scale promotion is difficult. Currently, there are no related PEMFC CCHP systems using ammonia as fuel. The efficiency of waste heat utilization can be further improved, and combined with a dual-effect absorption lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system, it can provide a large amount of cooling load, while also solving the problem of large-scale supply of zero-carbon fuels.

[0004] In summary, a combined power system integrating ammonia-fueled proton exchange membrane batteries and dual-effect absorption cooling has not yet been developed, thus failing to fully realize the zero-carbon emission advantages of ammonia-fueled PEMFCs in specific application scenarios. Therefore, designing and developing a combined power system of ammonia-fueled proton exchange membrane batteries and dual-effect absorption cooling has significant research and application value. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) device and method based on ammonia fuel proton exchange membrane fuel cells. This addresses the industry pain points of existing distributed energy supply systems, such as insufficient cascade utilization of waste heat from ammonia fuel fuel cells, low overall system efficiency, and poor adaptability to multi-energy synergy (cooling, heating, and power). It is also suitable for distributed CCHP operation requirements in various scenarios, including civil buildings, remote base stations, and offshore power plants. Through system thermodynamic simulation, key equipment loss analysis, full-condition performance simulation, and energy efficiency verification, the system's energy supply efficiency, operational stability, and environmental benefits are comprehensively evaluated to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) device based on an ammonia fuel proton exchange membrane fuel cell, comprising: Proton exchange membrane fuel cell systems are used to convert ammonia fuel into electrical energy, thermal energy, and high-temperature exhaust gas; A dual-effect absorption refrigeration system is used to generate cold energy by utilizing the waste heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell system and the dual-effect absorption refrigeration system are thermally coupled through a circulating water circuit. The circulating water circuit consists of the circulating water pump 12, the waste heat boiler 13, the second heat exchanger 14 in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell system, and the high-pressure generator 18 and the low-pressure generator 19 in the dual-effect absorption refrigeration system.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell system includes: 1. Fuel water pump; 2. Fuel preheater; 3. First throttle valve; 4. Decomposer; 5. Separator; 6. First heat exchanger; 7. Flow divider; 8. Afterburner; 9. Reactor; 10. Air preheater; 11. Air compressor; 12. Circulating water pump; 13. Waste heat boiler; 14. Second heat exchanger; 27. Fourth heat exchanger. The outlet of the fuel water pump 1 is connected to the inlet of the fuel preheater 2, and the outlet of the fuel preheater 2 is connected to the inlet of the decomposer 4 via the first throttle valve 3. The gas outlet of the decomposer 4 is connected to the inlet of the separator 5, the hydrogen outlet of the separator 5 is connected to the first heat exchanger 6, and the first heat exchanger 6 is connected to the anode inlet of the reactor 9 and the combustible gas inlet of the afterburner 8 respectively through the splitter 7. The outlet of air compressor 11 is connected to air preheater 10, and the outlet of air preheater 10 is connected to the cathode inlet of reactor 9. The exhaust outlet of reactor 9 is connected to the inlet of afterburner 8; The waste heat outlet of the afterburner 8 is connected in sequence to the hot side of the fuel preheater 2 and the air preheater 10; The exhaust outlet of the afterburner 8 is connected to the hot side inlet of the waste heat boiler 13, the hot side outlet of the waste heat boiler 13 is connected to the hot side inlet of the second heat exchanger 14, and the hot side outlet of the second heat exchanger 14 is connected to the hot side inlet of the fourth heat exchanger 27. The outlet of the circulating water pump 12 is connected to the cold side inlet of the waste heat boiler 13, and the cold side outlet of the waste heat boiler 13 is connected to the cold side inlet of the second heat exchanger 14.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the dual-effect absorption refrigeration system includes: Solution pump 15, low temperature solution heat exchanger 16, high temperature solution heat exchanger 17, high pressure generator 18, low pressure generator 19, condenser 20, second throttle valve 21, evaporator 22, confluencer 23, third heat exchanger 24, first pressure reducing valve 25, second pressure reducing valve 26. The outlet of the solution pump 15 is connected to the dilute solution side inlet of the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 16, the dilute solution side outlet of the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 16 is connected to the dilute solution side inlet of the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 17, and the dilute solution side outlet of the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 17 is connected to the solution inlet of the high-pressure generator 18. The steam outlet of the high-pressure generator 18 is connected to the high-temperature heat source inlet of the low-pressure generator 19; The medium-concentration solution outlet of the high-pressure generator 18 is connected to the solution inlet of the low-pressure generator 19 via the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 17 and the second pressure reducing valve 26. The high-temperature heat source outlet of the low-pressure generator 19 is connected in sequence to the condenser 20, the second throttle valve 21 and the evaporator 22, and then connected to the first inlet of the confluence 23. The steam outlet of the low-pressure generator 19 is connected in sequence to the cryogenic solution heat exchanger 16 and the first pressure reducing valve 25, and then connected to the second inlet of the confluence 23. The outlet of the confluencer 23 is connected to the inlet of the third heat exchanger 24; The outlet of the third heat exchanger 24 is connected to the inlet of the solution pump 15.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the specific connection method of the circulating water loop between the proton exchange membrane fuel cell system and the dual-effect absorption refrigeration system is as follows: The cold-side outlet of the second heat exchanger 14 in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell system is connected to the heat source inlet of the high-pressure generator 18 in the dual-effect absorption refrigeration system. The steam outlet of the high-pressure generator 18 is connected to the high-temperature heat source inlet of the low-pressure generator 19; The high-temperature heat source outlet of the low-pressure generator 19 is connected to the inlet of the circulating water pump 12 in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell system; The circulating water in the circulating water circuit flows sequentially through the circulating water pump 12, the cold side of the waste heat boiler 13, the cold side of the second heat exchanger 14, the hot side of the high-pressure generator 18, and the hot side of the low-pressure generator 19, before returning to the circulating water pump 12, forming a closed loop.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the flow direction of ammonia fuel in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell system is as follows: Ammonia fuel F1 is pressurized by fuel water pump 1 and enters fuel preheater 2 for preheating. It then enters decomposer 4 through first throttle valve 3 and is decomposed into hydrogen and nitrogen. The hydrogen, after being purified by separator 5, enters first heat exchanger 6 for heat exchange and then enters reactor 9 anode through distributor 7. The other part enters afterburner 8 as fuel.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the flow direction of the lithium bromide solution in the dual-effect absorption refrigeration system is as follows: After being pressurized by solution pump 15, dilute solution C1 flows sequentially through low-temperature solution heat exchanger 16 and high-temperature solution heat exchanger 17 for preheating. It then enters high-pressure generator 18 to generate water vapor C5 and medium-concentration solution C11. The medium-concentration solution C11 enters low-pressure generator 19 via high-temperature solution heat exchanger 17 and second pressure reducing valve 26 to further generate water vapor. The combined water vapor enters evaporator 22 via condenser 20 and second throttle valve 21 to absorb heat and cool. The evaporated refrigerant vapor exchanges heat with the dilute solution via third heat exchanger 24 and then returns to solution pump 15, forming a cycle.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the load output by the system includes: the electrical load output by reactor 9; the thermal load output by the fourth heat exchanger 27; and the cold load output by evaporator 22.

[0013] This invention also provides a method for combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) of ammonia-fueled proton exchange membrane fuel cells, employing the aforementioned CCHP device, comprising the following steps: Step 1, Ammonia Fuel Processing and Power Generation: Ammonia fuel F1 is pressurized and preheated to decompose into a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen gas, which is then purified and separated to obtain hydrogen. Part of the hydrogen is used as anode fuel and the other part as combustible gas. At the same time, air A1 is pressurized and preheated to be used as cathode oxidant. Hydrogen and air undergo an electrochemical reaction in reactor 9 to generate electrical load and high-temperature exhaust gas. Step 2, exhaust gas afterburning and waste heat recovery: The high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the reactor 9 is introduced into the afterburning chamber 8 for combustion reaction. The generated combustion waste heat is used to preheat the ammonia fuel and air in step one. The exhaust gas after combustion passes through the waste heat boiler 13 and the hot side of the second heat exchanger 14 in sequence to transfer the heat to the circulating water in the circulating water circuit. Step 3, circulating water thermal coupling: Driven by the circulating water pump 12, the circulating water flows through the cold side of the waste heat boiler 13 and the cold side of the second heat exchanger 14 in sequence, and then enters the hot side of the high-pressure generator 18 and the low-pressure generator 19 of the double-effect absorption refrigeration system. After absorbing heat, it returns to the circulating water pump 12 to form a closed loop. Step 4, Double-effect absorption refrigeration: The heat carried by the circulating water drives the double-effect absorption refrigeration system, so that the lithium bromide solution flows sequentially through the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 16, the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 17, the high-pressure generator 18, the low-pressure generator 19, the condenser 20, the expansion valve 21, the evaporator 22, the confluencer 23, and the third heat exchanger 24, generating a cooling load in the evaporator 22; Step 5, Waste heat utilization: The exhaust gas after passing through the waste heat boiler 13 and the hot side of the second heat exchanger 14 is introduced into the fourth heat exchanger 27 to provide heat load for users.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the specific process of double-effect absorption refrigeration in step 4 is as follows: Step 41: After being pressurized by solution pump 15, dilute lithium bromide solution C1 is preheated by low-temperature solution heat exchanger 16 and high-temperature solution heat exchanger 17 in sequence, and then enters high-pressure generator 18 to be heated by circulating water to generate water vapor C5 and medium-concentration solution C11. Step 42: The medium-concentration solution C11 enters the low-pressure generator 19 through the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 17 and the second pressure reducing valve 26, where it is heated by water vapor from the high-pressure generator 18 to further generate water vapor. Step 43: The high-temperature heat source discharged from the low-pressure generator 19 enters the first inlet of the confluencer 23 after passing through the condenser 20, the second throttle valve 21, and the evaporator 22; the water vapor generated by the low-pressure generator 19 enters the second inlet of the confluencer 23 after passing through the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 16 and the first pressure reducing valve 25. Step 44: The mixed working fluid discharged from the confluencer 23 enters the third heat exchanger 24 for heat exchange and then returns to the solution pump 15 to form a cycle.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following advantages: The core of this invention adopts the combination of ammonia fuel PEMFC and a dual-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system, which solves the industry pain points of low waste heat utilization rate, poor adaptability to changing operating conditions, and irreversible degradation of core components. This system can achieve efficient conversion and full-scale graded recovery of surplus waste heat from the fuel cell stack, complete the dynamic adjustment of three types of loads: electricity, heat, and cooling, and simultaneously improve the system's energy efficiency, operational stability, and fuel adaptability under all operating conditions. There are no greenhouse gas emissions during the entire energy supply process. It can be widely used in various scenarios such as civil buildings, commercial complexes, distributed energy stations, and off-grid energy supply. It can be used as an independent system to achieve off-grid autonomous energy supply, or it can be connected to microgrids and regional energy grids for grid-connected operation. It is suitable for ancillary service needs such as new energy consumption and grid peak shaving, and has extremely high engineering promotion and industrial application value. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dual-effect absorption refrigeration system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Reference numerals: 1: Fuel water pump; 2: Fuel preheater; 3: First throttle valve; 4: Decomposer; 5: Separator; 6: First heat exchanger; 7: Diverter; 8: Afterburner; 9: Reactor; 10: Air preheater; 11: Air compressor; 12: Circulating water pump; 13: Waste heat boiler; 14: Second heat exchanger; 15: Solution pump; 16: Low-temperature solution heat exchanger; 17: High-temperature solution heat exchanger; 18: High-pressure generator; 19: Low-pressure generator; 20: Condenser; 21: Second throttle valve; 22: Evaporator; 23: Combiner; 24: Heat exchanger 3; 25: First pressure reducing valve; 26: Second pressure reducing valve; 27: Heat exchanger 4. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0019] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to this application; as used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise; furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms “comprising” and / or “including” are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0020] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The ammonia-fueled proton exchange membrane fuel cell triple-fuel system is mainly divided into two parts: a proton exchange membrane fuel cell system (PEMFC system) and a dual-absorption refrigeration system. Ammonia fuel F1 is pressurized by fuel water pump 1 and then preheated and pressurized in fuel waste heatr 2 before entering decomposer 4 to generate a hydrogen and nitrogen mixture, which is then purified by separator 5. The hydrogen is cooled and separated, entering reactor 9 and afterburner 8 as anode gas and combustible gas, respectively. Simultaneously, air A1, after pressurization and preheating, enters reactor 9 and undergoes an electrochemical reaction with hydrogen to generate electrical load. This generated exhaust gas also enters the afterburner for combustion, preheating subsequent air and fuel. The remaining heat is used to heat the dual-effect absorption refrigeration system through water circulation. Finally, the exhaust gas enters heat exchanger 427 to provide heat load for daily hot water.

[0021] As shown in the diagram, a dilute lithium bromide solution C1 is pressurized by solution pump 15 and enters the low-temperature and high-temperature heat exchangers 16 and 17 respectively. After exchanging heat with the concentrated solution in the high- and low-pressure generators, it enters the high-pressure generator 18 to generate water vapor C5 and a medium-solidity refrigerant solution C11. These two, respectively, serve as the high-temperature heat source and the refrigerant solution, and then enter the low-pressure generator 19. The water vapor generated by the medium-solidity refrigerant solution merges with the released high-temperature heat source and enters the condenser 20 together. It then enters the condenser to condense and release heat, and enters the throttling valve 221 to be cooled to the evaporation pressure, forming liquid refrigerant water. This water enters the evaporator 22 to provide cooling load to the user side, generating cooling benefits. After being completely evaporated into water vapor, it enters the solution absorber together with the concentrated lithium bromide solution from the low-pressure generator and the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 16 for depressurization, heating, and dilution, forming a dilute lithium bromide solution. This cycle repeats, forming a dual-effect absorption refrigeration system.

Claims

1. A combined cycle power (CCHP) device based on ammonia fuel proton exchange membrane fuel cell, characterized in that, include: A proton exchange membrane fuel cell system is used to convert ammonia fuel into electrical energy, heat energy, and high-temperature exhaust gas. A dual-effect absorption refrigeration system is used to generate cold energy by utilizing the waste heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell system and the dual-effect absorption refrigeration system are thermally coupled through a circulating water circuit. The circulating water circuit consists of a circulating water pump (12), a waste heat boiler (13), a second heat exchanger (14) in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell system, and a high-pressure generator (18) and a low-pressure generator (19) in the dual-effect absorption refrigeration system.

2. The combined cycle power (CEP) device based on ammonia fuel proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The proton exchange membrane fuel cell system includes: Fuel water pump (1), fuel preheater (2), first throttle valve (3), decomposer (4), separator (5), first heat exchanger (6), distributor (7), afterburner (8), reactor (9), air preheater (10), air compressor (11), circulating water pump (12), waste heat boiler (13), second heat exchanger (14), fourth heat exchanger (27); The outlet of the fuel water pump (1) is connected to the inlet of the fuel preheater (2), and the outlet of the fuel preheater (2) is connected to the inlet of the decomposer (4) via the first throttle valve (3). The gas outlet of the decomposer (4) is connected to the inlet of the separator (5), the hydrogen outlet of the separator (5) is connected to the first heat exchanger (6), and the first heat exchanger (6) is connected to the anode inlet of the reactor (9) and the combustible gas inlet of the afterburner (8) respectively through the splitter (7). The outlet of the air compressor (11) is connected to the air preheater (10), and the outlet of the air preheater (10) is connected to the cathode inlet of the reactor (9). The exhaust outlet of the reactor (9) is connected to the inlet of the afterburner (8); The waste heat outlet of the afterburner (8) is connected in sequence to the hot side of the fuel preheater (2) and the air preheater (10); The exhaust outlet of the afterburner (8) is connected to the hot side inlet of the waste heat boiler (13), the hot side outlet of the waste heat boiler (13) is connected to the hot side inlet of the second heat exchanger (14), and the hot side outlet of the second heat exchanger (14) is connected to the hot side inlet of the fourth heat exchanger (27). The outlet of the circulating water pump (12) is connected to the cold side inlet of the waste heat boiler (13), and the cold side outlet of the waste heat boiler (13) is connected to the cold side inlet of the second heat exchanger (14).

3. The combined cycle power (CEP) device based on ammonia fuel proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-effect absorption refrigeration system includes: Solution pump (15), low temperature solution heat exchanger (16), high temperature solution heat exchanger (17), high pressure generator (18), low pressure generator (19), condenser (20), second throttle valve (21), evaporator (22), confluencer (23), third heat exchanger (24), first pressure reducing valve (25), second pressure reducing valve (26); The outlet of the solution pump (15) is connected to the dilute solution side inlet of the low-temperature solution heat exchanger (16), the dilute solution side outlet of the low-temperature solution heat exchanger (16) is connected to the dilute solution side inlet of the high-temperature solution heat exchanger (17), and the dilute solution side outlet of the high-temperature solution heat exchanger (17) is connected to the solution inlet of the high-pressure generator (18). The steam outlet of the high-pressure generator (18) is connected to the high-temperature heat source inlet of the low-pressure generator (19); The medium-concentration solution outlet of the high-pressure generator (18) is connected to the solution inlet of the low-pressure generator (19) via a high-temperature solution heat exchanger (17) and a second pressure reducing valve (26); The high-temperature heat source outlet of the low-pressure generator (19) is connected in sequence to the condenser (20), the second throttle valve (21) and the evaporator (22), and then connected to the first inlet of the confluencer (23); The steam outlet of the low-pressure generator (19) is connected in sequence to the low-temperature solution heat exchanger (16) and the first pressure reducing valve (25), and then connected to the second inlet of the confluencer (23); The outlet of the confluence (23) is connected to the inlet of the third heat exchanger (24); The outlet of the third heat exchanger (24) is connected to the inlet of the solution pump (15).

4. A combined heat and power (CHP) device based on ammonia fuel proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The specific connection method of the circulating water loop between the proton exchange membrane fuel cell system and the dual-effect absorption refrigeration system is as follows: The cold-side outlet of the second heat exchanger (14) in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell system is connected to the heat source inlet of the high-pressure generator (18) in the dual-effect absorption refrigeration system. The steam outlet of the high-pressure generator (18) is connected to the high-temperature heat source inlet of the low-pressure generator (19); The high-temperature heat source outlet of the low-pressure generator (19) is connected to the inlet of the circulating water pump (12) in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell system; The circulating water in the circulating water circuit flows sequentially through the circulating water pump (12), the cold side of the waste heat boiler (13), the cold side of the second heat exchanger (14), the hot side of the high pressure generator (18), and the hot side of the low pressure generator (19), and then returns to the circulating water pump (12) to form a closed loop.

5. A combined heat and power (CHP) device based on an ammonia fuel proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow direction of ammonia fuel in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell system is as follows: Ammonia fuel (F1) is pressurized by fuel water pump (1) and enters fuel preheater (2) for preheating. It enters decomposer (4) through first throttle valve (3) and is decomposed into hydrogen and nitrogen. The hydrogen purified by separator (5) enters first heat exchanger (6) for heat exchange and then enters reactor (9) anode through splitter (7), and the other part enters afterburner (8) as fuel.

6. A combined heat and power (CHP) device based on ammonia fuel proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow direction of the lithium bromide solution in the dual-effect absorption refrigeration system is as follows: After being pressurized by the solution pump (15), the dilute solution (C1) flows sequentially through the low-temperature solution heat exchanger (16) and the high-temperature solution heat exchanger (17) for preheating. It then enters the high-pressure generator (18) to generate water vapor (C5) and medium-concentration solution (C11). The medium-concentration solution (C11) enters the low-pressure generator (19) through the high-temperature solution heat exchanger (17) and the second pressure reducing valve (26) to further generate water vapor. The combined water vapor enters the evaporator (22) through the condenser (20) and the second throttle valve (21) to absorb heat and cool. The evaporated refrigerant vapor returns to the solution pump (15) after exchanging heat with the dilute solution through the third heat exchanger (24), forming a cycle.

7. A combined heat and power (CHP) device based on ammonia fuel proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loads output by the system include: the electrical load output by the reactor (9); the thermal load output by the fourth heat exchanger (27); and the cold load output by the evaporator (22).

8. A method for combined cooling, heating, and power generation (CCHP) of ammonia-fueled proton exchange membrane fuel cells, characterized in that, The combined cycle power (CCHP) device based on ammonia fuel proton exchange membrane fuel cell, as described in any one of claims 1-7, comprises the following steps: Step 1, ammonia fuel processing and power generation: Ammonia fuel (F1) is pressurized and preheated and decomposed into a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen gas, which is then purified and separated to obtain hydrogen gas; part of the hydrogen gas is used as anode fuel and the other part is used as combustible gas; at the same time, air (A1) is pressurized and preheated and used as cathode oxidant; hydrogen gas and air undergo an electrochemical reaction in reactor (9) to generate electrical load and high-temperature exhaust gas; Step 2, exhaust gas afterburning and waste heat recovery: The high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the reactor (9) is passed into the afterburning chamber (8) for combustion reaction, and the generated combustion waste heat is used to preheat the ammonia fuel and air in step one; the exhaust gas after combustion passes through the waste heat boiler (13) and the hot side of the second heat exchanger (14) in sequence, and transfers the heat to the circulating water in the circulating water circuit; Step 3, circulating water thermal coupling: Driven by the circulating water pump (12), the circulating water flows through the cold side of the waste heat boiler (13) and the cold side of the second heat exchanger (14) in sequence, and then enters the hot side of the high-pressure generator (18) and the low-pressure generator (19) of the double-effect absorption refrigeration system. After absorbing heat, it returns to the circulating water pump (12) to form a closed loop. Step 4, Double-effect absorption refrigeration: The heat carried by the circulating water drives the double-effect absorption refrigeration system, so that the lithium bromide solution flows sequentially through the low-temperature solution heat exchanger (16), the high-temperature solution heat exchanger (17), the high-pressure generator (18), the low-pressure generator (19), the condenser (20), the expansion valve (21), the evaporator (22), the confluencer (23), and the third heat exchanger (24), generating a cooling load in the evaporator (22); Step 5, waste heat utilization: The exhaust gas after passing through the waste heat boiler (13) and the second heat exchanger (14) is introduced into the fourth heat exchanger (27) to provide heat load for users.

9. A method for combined cooling, heating, and power generation based on ammonia fuel proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 8, characterized in that, The specific process of the double-effect absorption refrigeration in step 4 is as follows: Step 41: After being pressurized by the solution pump (15), the dilute lithium bromide solution (C1) is preheated by the low-temperature solution heat exchanger (16) and the high-temperature solution heat exchanger (17) in sequence, and then enters the high-pressure generator (18) where it is heated by circulating water to produce water vapor (C5) and medium-concentration solution (C11). Step 42: The medium-concentration solution (C11) enters the low-pressure generator (19) through the high-temperature solution heat exchanger (17) and the second pressure reducing valve (26), and is heated by water vapor from the high-pressure generator (18) to further generate water vapor; Step 43: The high-temperature heat source discharged from the low-pressure generator (19) enters the first inlet of the confluencer (23) after passing through the condenser (20), the second throttle valve (21), and the evaporator (22); the water vapor generated by the low-pressure generator (19) enters the second inlet of the confluencer (23) after passing through the low-temperature solution heat exchanger (16) and the first pressure reducing valve (25). Step 44: The mixed working fluid discharged from the confluencer (23) enters the third heat exchanger (24) for heat exchange and then returns to the solution pump (15) to form a cycle.

Images