A magnetic coupling resonant wireless power supply system and method for on-site power supply of a marine new energy inspection unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of offshore new energy inspection unmanned aerial vehicle power-on-the-spot magnetic coupling resonant wireless power supply system and method;System is composed of ground end and airborne end: ground end integrates wide-range power-on module, adapts multiple power input;Through reconfigurable high-frequency inverter, frequency is flexibly adjustable;Using multiple sub-coil transmitting array and energy focus control technology, unmanned aerial vehicle landing position deviation is dealt with;With adaptive impedance matching, high-efficiency resonant state is maintained;And through multi-protocol communication and model identification, extensive model compatibility is realized;Method covers model identification, parameter configuration, energy focus dynamic formation and tracking, adaptive impedance matching and high-efficiency energy transmission etc. Key steps;The application solves the problem of multi-model adaptation and position deviation, is suitable for high dynamic, complex environmental offshore operation scene, can improve the continuity of unmanned aerial vehicle inspection, intelligent level and comprehensive efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wireless power transmission and UAV energy supply technology, specifically relating to a magnetically coupled resonant wireless power supply system and method for on-site power generation of a marine new energy inspection UAV. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale development of the offshore new energy industry, the coverage of offshore photovoltaic and offshore wind power facilities continues to expand, placing higher demands on the efficiency and safety of their structural health monitoring and daily inspections. Drones, with their advantages of flexibility, high operational efficiency, and ability to replace manual labor in high-risk area inspections, have become core equipment for the inspection of offshore new energy facilities. In particular, magnetic adsorption and wheeled drones can hover on the surfaces of wind turbine blades and photovoltaic modules, enabling precise defect detection. However, insufficient endurance remains a key issue restricting the operational efficiency of offshore inspection drones. Limited onboard battery capacity makes it difficult to support large-scale, long-duration continuous inspection missions; traditional energy replenishment methods have many limitations. Wired charging methods lack flexibility and cannot meet the autonomous inspection needs of drones; fixed charging docks require dedicated floating platforms or rely on mother ships for recovery and charging, resulting in high construction and maintenance costs and susceptibility to environmental factors such as sea waves and salt spray, leading to poor operational continuity.

[0003] While existing wireless charging technology has broken free from the constraints of wired connections, it still faces two major technological bottlenecks in complex maritime applications: First, insufficient aircraft compatibility. Different manufacturers and models of inspection drones carry significantly different battery parameters, receiver coil specifications, and communication protocols. Existing wireless charging systems are mostly customized for specific models, using fixed operating frequencies, charging parameters, and communication interfaces, which cannot adapt to the charging needs of different inspection drones, leading to increased maintenance costs and limited versatility. Second, weak resistance to displacement. In the maritime environment, wind and waves can easily cause positional deviations when drones land autonomously, and the fuselage is prone to shaking after parking, causing misalignment between the transmitting and receiving coils. Traditional wireless power supply systems use a single coil pair structure, and the coupling coefficient is highly sensitive to the coil position. Once displacement occurs, the system's resonant state is disrupted, energy transmission efficiency drops sharply, and effective charging may even be impossible.

[0004] Currently, most related improvement technologies focus on solving single problems: some technologies improve compatibility by increasing communication protocol adaptability, but do not solve the efficiency problem caused by positional deviation; some technologies adopt multi-coil transmitting structures to optimize anti-deviation performance, but lack the ability to adaptively adjust parameters for different models. Therefore, in the highly dynamic, high-salt-spray, and high-humidity marine environment, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive technical solution that can adapt to the charging needs of different inspection drones and has high deviation tolerance to support long-term, continuous inspection operations of drones. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a magnetically coupled resonant wireless power supply system and method for on-site power generation of marine new energy inspection drones.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This application provides a magnetically coupled resonant wireless power supply system for on-site power generation of a marine new energy inspection drone, comprising: The ground-based power supply system includes: The wide-range local power supply module connects its input end to the DC bus of the offshore wind power platform or the output end of the combiner box of the offshore photovoltaic power station, and outputs stable DC power. A reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit has its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the wide-range local power supply module, and its output terminal outputs high-frequency AC power. The output frequency of the reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit is adjustable in the range of 80kHz to 1MHz. Multi-mode offset-resistant transmitter, including: The transmitting coil array consists of multiple sub-coils arranged in a matrix or concentric circles, and each sub-coil is independently connected to an adaptive impedance matching network via a switching element; The adaptive impedance matching network has its input end connected to the output end of the reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit and its output end connected to the input end of the transmitting coil array, and adjusts the equivalent impedance of the transmitting circuit according to the control signal. The intelligent ground-based controller includes: A multi-protocol communication module establishes a two-way communication link with the UAV's onboard battery management unit; The drone model identification and parameter configuration unit is connected to the multi-protocol communication module to obtain the drone model and retrieve the corresponding charging parameters from the pre-stored database. An energy focus control unit, connected to the transmitting coil array, selects and activates the corresponding sub-coil in the transmitting coil array based on the real-time position of the standard resonant receiving coil; and An airborne power supply system, installed on the drone, includes: The standard resonant receiving coil; The high-frequency rectification and voltage regulation unit has its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the standard resonant receiving coil, and its output terminal outputs DC power. The airborne battery management unit has its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the high-frequency rectification and voltage regulation unit, its output terminal connected to the UAV's airborne battery, and sends battery status information to the multi-protocol communication module.

[0007] Optionally, the reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit adopts a full-bridge inverter topology, and its output frequency is configured by the intelligent ground terminal controller according to the charging parameters called by the model identification and parameter configuration unit.

[0008] Optionally, the sub-coils in the transmitting coil array are arranged in a 3×3 matrix, and each sub-coil is connected to the adaptive impedance matching network through a MOSFET switch. The control terminal of the MOSFET switch is connected to the energy focus control unit.

[0009] Optionally, the energy focus control unit obtains the real-time position coordinates of the standard resonant receiving coil relative to the transmitting coil array by monitoring the signal strength reflected back from the airborne power supply system or by using an independent positioning sensor. Based on the real-time position coordinates, it sends a conduction signal to the switching element connected to the sub-coil directly opposite the standard resonant receiving coil, so that the sub-coil is connected to the output terminal of the adaptive impedance matching network.

[0010] Optionally, the equivalent coupling coefficient between the activated sub-coil and the standard resonant receiving coil Characterized by the following formula:

[0011] in, The equivalent coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil array and the standard resonant receiving coil is given. The number of activated sub-coils. For the first The coupling coefficient between the activated sub-coil and the standard resonant receiving coil, , For the first The mutual inductance between the activated sub-coil and the standard resonant receiving coil For the first The self-inductance of an activated sub-coil, This refers to the self-inductance of the standard resonant receiving coil.

[0012] Optionally, the total magnetic field strength generated by the activated sub-coils at the standard resonant receiving coil. Characterized by the following formula:

[0013] in, The total magnetic field strength at the standard resonant receiving coil is [value missing]. The number of activated sub-coils. For the first The activated sub-coil has a transmission distance of The magnetic field strength generated at that location, , The permeability of free space, The number of turns of the sub-coil. To input the current of the sub-coil, The radius of the sub-coil, The vertical distance between the sub-coil and the standard resonant receiving coil is given.

[0014] Optionally, the adaptive impedance matching network adopts an S-shaped topology and is composed of a digitally controllable capacitor array. The control terminal of the digitally controllable capacitor array is connected to the intelligent ground terminal controller. The intelligent ground terminal controller adjusts the capacitance value of the digitally controllable capacitor array according to the output frequency of the reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit and the equivalent inductance of the transmitting coil array, so that the transmitting circuit is in a resonant state; the capacitors connected in series in the S-shaped topology... Maximum voltage stress Characterized by the following formula:

[0015] in, For the first The maximum voltage stress of the series capacitor in the adaptive impedance matching network corresponding to each sub-coil. For the flow through the first The current in the adaptive impedance matching network corresponding to each sub-coil The angular frequency of the AC output from the reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit. For the first The capacitance value of the series capacitor in the adaptive impedance matching network corresponding to each sub-coil.

[0016] Secondly, this application provides a magnetically coupled resonant wireless power supply method for the above-mentioned system, comprising the following steps: Step S1: After the UAV lands on the charging platform, the onboard battery management unit establishes a two-way communication connection with the intelligent ground controller through the multi-protocol communication module; Step S2: The model identification and parameter configuration unit obtains the UAV model through the multi-protocol communication module and retrieves the corresponding charging voltage, charging current and optimal operating frequency parameters from the pre-stored database; Step S3: The intelligent ground terminal controller sends control commands to the reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit according to the parameters called in step S2, and configures the output frequency and phase shift angle of the reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit; Step S4: The energy focus control unit obtains the real-time position of the standard resonant receiving coil, sends a conduction signal to the switching element connected to the sub-coil corresponding to the real-time position, activates the corresponding sub-coil combination, and at the same time, the intelligent ground terminal controller sends a control signal to the adaptive impedance matching network to adjust the equivalent impedance of the adaptive impedance matching network so that the transmitting circuit is in a resonant state. Step S5: The reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit outputs high-frequency AC power, which is transmitted to the standard resonant receiving coil through the activated sub-coil combination. The high-frequency rectification and voltage regulation unit converts the received AC power into DC power, which is then used to charge the airborne battery through the airborne battery management unit. During the charging process, the transmission power, battery voltage, coil current, and the real-time position of the standard resonant receiving coil are monitored in real time. Step S6: When the airborne battery management unit detects that the airborne battery power has reached a preset threshold, it sends a charging completion signal to the intelligent ground controller. The intelligent ground controller stops the output of the reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit and sends a charging completion command to the UAV through the multi-protocol communication module. The UAV then flies away from the charging platform.

[0017] Optionally, in step S4, the energy focus control unit determines the real-time position coordinates of the standard resonant receiving coil relative to the transmitting coil array by monitoring the peak position of the signal intensity reflected back from the standard resonant receiving coil, or by obtaining the image coordinates through an independent visual positioning sensor.

[0018] Optionally, the real-time monitoring in step S5 further includes: when the transmission efficiency decrease value exceeds a preset threshold, or the real-time position change of the standard resonant receiving coil exceeds a preset offset, the energy focus control unit re-executes step S4, switches the activated sub-coil combination, and makes the newly activated sub-coil combination face the current position of the standard resonant receiving coil.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects: By utilizing a wide-range local power acquisition module, the system can directly draw power from offshore wind or solar power facilities, eliminating reliance on dedicated charging platforms or mother ships. The reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit, with its adjustable output frequency over a wide range, combined with a multi-protocol communication module and model identification unit, can automatically configure optimal charging parameters for different models and electrical parameters of UAVs, achieving strong model compatibility. Employing a multi-sub-coil transmitting array and energy focus control technology, the system can dynamically activate the corresponding sub-coil combination based on the real-time position of the receiving coil, forming an energy focus pointing towards the receiving coil. This effectively tolerates positional deviations in the X / Y plane, overcoming the problems of inaccurate landing and offset caused by fuselage sway in the marine environment. An adaptive impedance matching network adjusts the equivalent impedance of the transmitting circuit in real time, ensuring the system always operates in a resonant state under dynamic offsets and different loads, maintaining high transmission efficiency and stability. The entire system is encapsulated for the high salt spray and high humidity environment of the ocean, exhibiting high environmental robustness and long lifespan, significantly improving the continuity and intelligence of marine new energy inspection UAV operations. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the overall structure of the wireless power supply system described in this invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the coil array of the multi-mode anti-offset transmitter described in this invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the wireless power supply method described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Furthermore, in this invention, an element referred to as fixed to or disposed on another element may be directly disposed on the other element, or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be connected to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element, or there may be an intermediate element present simultaneously. The terms vertical, horizontal, left, right, and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0025] See Figure 1 The magnetically coupled resonant wireless power supply system described in this invention consists of two parts: a ground-based power supply system and an airborne power supply system.

[0026] The ground-based power supply system includes a wide-range local power extraction module, a reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit, a multi-mode offset-resistant transmitter, and an intelligent ground-based controller. The input of the wide-range local power extraction module connects to the DC bus of an offshore wind power platform or the output of the combiner box of an offshore photovoltaic power station. It can adapt to the power input of various new energy facilities (e.g., DC power of different voltage levels or rectified AC power) and output stable DC power to the subsequent reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit. The reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit adopts a full-bridge inverter topology. Its output frequency is software-adjustable within the range of 80kHz to 1MHz under the control of the intelligent ground-based controller to adapt to the resonant frequency requirements of different receiver coils. Specifically, frequency adjustment is achieved by changing the PWM pulse period of the driving switch transistor. That is, the intelligent ground-based controller modifies the comparison register value of the MCU timer, changes the PWM carrier frequency, and thus controls the output frequency of the inverter unit. The reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit outputs high-frequency AC power, and its output voltage... The fundamental effective value can be expressed as:

[0027] in, This refers to the DC voltage output by the wide-range local power supply module.

[0028] The multi-mode offset-resistant transmitter is the core component for achieving strong compatibility and high offset resistance, including a transmitter coil array and an adaptive impedance matching network. The transmitter coil array consists of multiple sub-coils arranged in a matrix, concentric circle, or overlapping pattern (e.g., ...). Figure 2 As shown in the 3×3 matrix arrangement, each sub-coil is connected to the adaptive impedance matching network via an independent MOSFET switch. The control terminal of the switch is connected to the energy focus control unit of the intelligent ground terminal controller, thereby enabling independent or combined activation of the sub-coils. The adaptive impedance matching network adopts an S-shaped topology and consists of a digitally controllable capacitor array (or a digitally controllable inductor array). Its input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit, and its output terminal is connected to the transmitting coil array. The equivalent impedance of the transmitting circuit is adjusted in real time according to the control signal of the intelligent ground terminal controller, ensuring that the system maintains resonance under different coupling states and loads. To ensure reliability during energy transmission, the voltage stress in the impedance matching network is analyzed. The voltage stress of the capacitor connected in series in the S-shaped impedance matching network is:

[0029] Where ω is the angular frequency of the AC output from the reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit. For the flow through the first The current in each sub-coil corresponds to the current in the matching network. For the first Each sub-coil corresponds to the capacitance value of the series capacitor in the matching network.

[0030] The intelligent ground controller includes a multi-protocol communication module, a drone identification and parameter configuration unit, and an energy focus control unit. The multi-protocol communication module supports multiple drone communication protocols and can establish wireless communication links with drones from different manufacturers. The drone identification and parameter configuration unit obtains the drone model through the multi-protocol communication module and retrieves the corresponding charging parameters (including optimal charging voltage, current, and operating frequency) from a pre-stored database. The energy focus control unit obtains the real-time position of the standard resonant receiving coil by monitoring the signal strength reflected back from the airborne end or by using independent positioning sensors (such as visual sensors, ultrasonic sensors, etc.), and dynamically activates one or more sub-coils in the transmitting coil array that are directly opposite the receiving coil to form an energy focus pointing towards the receiving coil.

[0031] The airborne power supply system is installed on the UAV and includes a standard resonant receiving coil, a high-frequency rectifier and voltage regulator unit, and an airborne battery management unit (BMS). The dimensions and electrical parameters of the standard resonant receiving coil conform to predefined industry standards to ensure compatibility with the ground-based transmitting coil. The high-frequency rectifier and voltage regulator unit converts the AC power induced by the receiving coil into DC power and outputs it to the airborne battery management unit. The airborne battery management unit is responsible for managing the battery charging process and conducting bidirectional data interaction with the ground-based multi-protocol communication module, reporting battery status information (such as voltage, current, temperature, etc.) in real time.

[0032] See Figure 2 In this embodiment, the transmitting coil array consists of multiple square sub-coils arranged in a 3×3 matrix. Each sub-coil can be independently connected to the control circuit via a MOSFET switch. The magnetic field strength generated by each sub-coil can be expressed as:

[0033] in, The permeability of free space, The number of turns of the sub-coil. Input current to the sub-coil, The radius of the sub-coil, The transmission distance between the sub-coil and the receiving coil; when the energy focus control unit synchronously activates multiple sub-coils according to the real-time position of the receiving coil, the total magnetic field strength at the receiving coil is the vector superposition of the magnetic fields of each sub-coil:

[0034] Where n is the number of activated sub-coils, For the first The activated sub-coil has a transmission distance of The magnetic field strength generated at that location.

[0035] The equivalent coupling coefficient between the activated sub-coil and the standard resonant receiving coil Characterized by the following formula:

[0036] in, For the first The coupling coefficient between the activated sub-coil and the receiving coil is defined as follows:

[0037] in, For the first The mutual inductance between the activated sub-coil and the receiving coil, For the first The self-inductance of an activated sub-coil, This is the self-inductance of the standard resonant receiving coil.

[0038] By dynamically activating the combination of sub-coils directly opposite the receiving coil, a focused composite magnetic field can be formed, significantly improving the coupling coefficient between coils. Even if the UAV experiences a certain degree of horizontal deviation, the system can still maintain efficient energy transmission by switching the activated sub-coils.

[0039] The adaptive impedance matching network adopts an S-shaped topology and is implemented by a digitally controllable capacitor array. The intelligent ground terminal controller monitors the voltage and current phase difference at the transmitter in real time and adjusts the input value of the digitally controllable capacitors through a closed-loop control algorithm to ensure that the transmitter circuit always operates in a resonant state, thereby maximizing transmission efficiency.

[0040] Under high-frequency operating conditions, the skin effect of the conductor must be considered. The expression for calculating the skin depth δ is:

[0041] in, For operating frequency, Permeability, The conductivity is [value missing]. The skin effect affects the effective resistance of a conductor; therefore, the conductor diameter should be selected during the conductor selection process. Much smaller than skin depth To reduce losses.

[0042] Combination Figure 3 The wireless power supply method of the present invention includes the following steps: Step S1: The inspection drone autonomously flies to the charging platform and establishes a two-way communication connection with the ground-based multi-protocol communication module through the onboard battery management unit.

[0043] Step S2: The ground-based drone model identification and parameter configuration unit obtains the drone model through the multi-protocol communication module and retrieves parameters such as charging voltage, charging current and optimal operating frequency of the corresponding model from the pre-stored database.

[0044] In this embodiment, the aircraft model identification and parameter configuration unit establishes a communication connection with the UAV's onboard battery management unit through the multi-protocol communication module. The multi-protocol communication module supports multiple UAV communication protocol stacks, including the MAVLink protocol for flight control status monitoring, the UAVCAN and SMBus protocols for reading detailed smart battery parameters, and the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) wireless charging protocol compliant with the AirFuel Resonant standard. A handshake communication is established with the UAV using one of the above protocols to obtain aircraft model characteristic data, including the UAV model, battery rated voltage, and battery chemistry type. Subsequently, based on the aircraft model characteristic data, a matching search is performed in a pre-stored database to retrieve a set of charging parameters corresponding to the aircraft model, such as charging voltage, charging current, and optimal resonant frequency.

[0045] Step S3: The intelligent ground terminal controller sends control commands to the reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit according to the parameters called in step S2, configures its output frequency and phase shift angle, and sets the initial output power.

[0046] Step S4: The energy focus control unit determines the real-time position coordinates of the standard resonant receiving coil relative to the transmitting coil array by monitoring the peak position of the signal strength reflected back from the airborne end or by obtaining image coordinates through an independent visual positioning sensor. Based on this position determination result, a conduction signal is sent to the MOSFET switch connected to the sub-coil directly opposite the receiving coil to activate the corresponding sub-coil combination; simultaneously, the intelligent ground terminal controller sends a control signal to the adaptive impedance matching network to adjust the capacitance value of the digitally controllable capacitor array, so that the transmitting circuit is in a resonant state.

[0047] In this embodiment, the energy focus control unit uses a non-centrally symmetrical three-coil array to detect the intensity of the reflected signal. Combined with the drone's bottom markings identified by an industrial camera, the real-time position coordinates of the receiving coil are obtained through weighted fusion, thereby activating the corresponding sub-coil combination. Based on this position determination, a conduction signal is sent to the MOSFET switch connected to the sub-coil directly opposite the receiving coil, activating the corresponding sub-coil combination. Simultaneously, the adaptive impedance matching network samples the phase difference between the voltage and current in the transmitting circuit in real time. Aiming for zero phase difference, it successively fine-tunes the capacitance value of the digitally controllable capacitor array to ensure the transmitting circuit remains in a resonant state. The above adjustment is automatically triggered each time a sub-coil combination is switched or a decrease in efficiency is detected.

[0048] Step S5: The reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit outputs high-frequency AC power, which is transmitted to the standard resonant receiving coil through the activated sub-coil combination. The high-frequency rectification and voltage regulation unit converts the received AC power into DC power, which is then used to charge the onboard battery through the onboard battery management unit. During charging, the system monitors the transmission power, battery voltage, coil current, and the real-time position of the receiving coil in real time. When the transmission efficiency decreases beyond a preset threshold, or the position change of the receiving coil exceeds a preset offset, the energy focus control unit re-executes step S4, switching the activated sub-coil combination so that the newly activated sub-coil combination is aligned with the current position of the receiving coil, ensuring efficient and stable energy transmission.

[0049] Step S6: When the airborne battery management unit detects that the airborne battery power has reached the preset threshold, it sends a charging completion signal to the intelligent ground controller. The ground controller stops the output of the reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit and sends a charging completion command to the UAV through the multi-protocol communication module. The UAV then autonomously flies away from the charging platform.

[0050] Example In one specific embodiment, the wide-range local power supply module can be connected to the 690VAC output of an offshore wind turbine or the 800VDC bus of an offshore photovoltaic power station, and outputs a stable 400VDC voltage after AC / DC or DC / DC conversion. The wide-range local power supply module adopts a two-stage conversion architecture: the front stage is a four-switch Buck-Boost circuit, and the rear stage is an LLC resonant isolated DC / DC converter. For AC input, an uncontrolled rectifier is added to the front stage; for DC input, it is directly connected to the Buck-Boost stage. The operating mode is automatically switched after the software identifies the input type, making it compatible with both 690VAC AC input and 800VDC DC input. The reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit uses SiC MOSFETs to form a full-bridge inverter circuit, outputting a high-frequency square wave voltage of 85kHz (for one brand of drone) or 200kHz (for another brand of drone) under MCU control. This voltage is shaped by a resonant network and supplied to the transmitting coil array. The transmitting coil array is arranged in a 3×3 matrix, with each sub-coil being a square spiral coil with a side length of 20cm and an inductance of approximately 30μH. The adaptive impedance matching network employs a digitally controllable capacitor array, with a capacitance adjustment range of 100pF to 10nF in 1pF increments. The intelligent ground-based controller is based on an ARM Cortex-M7 processor and incorporates multiple UAV communication protocol stacks and a database of UAV model parameters. The airborne standard resonant receiving coil is a circular coil with a diameter of 15cm and an inductance of approximately 25μH. With these parameter settings, the system can maintain a transmission efficiency greater than 85% within a horizontal offset range of ±30cm.

[0051] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0052] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A magnetically coupled resonant wireless power supply system for on-site power generation of a marine new energy inspection drone, characterized in that, include: The ground-based power supply system includes: The wide-range local power supply module connects its input end to the DC bus of the offshore wind power platform or the output end of the combiner box of the offshore photovoltaic power station, and outputs stable DC power. A reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit has its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the wide-range local power supply module, and its output terminal outputs high-frequency AC power. The output frequency of the reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit is adjustable in the range of 80kHz to 1MHz. Multi-mode offset-resistant transmitter, including: The transmitting coil array consists of multiple sub-coils arranged in a matrix or concentric circles, and each sub-coil is independently connected to an adaptive impedance matching network via a switching element; The adaptive impedance matching network has its input end connected to the output end of the reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit and its output end connected to the input end of the transmitting coil array, and adjusts the equivalent impedance of the transmitting circuit according to the control signal. The intelligent ground-based controller includes: A multi-protocol communication module establishes a two-way communication link with the UAV's onboard battery management unit; The drone model identification and parameter configuration unit is connected to the multi-protocol communication module to obtain the drone model and retrieve the corresponding charging parameters from the pre-stored database. An energy focus control unit, connected to the transmitting coil array, selects and activates the corresponding sub-coil in the transmitting coil array based on the real-time position of the standard resonant receiving coil; and An airborne power supply system, installed on the drone, includes: The standard resonant receiving coil; The high-frequency rectification and voltage regulation unit has its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the standard resonant receiving coil, and its output terminal outputs DC power. The airborne battery management unit has its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the high-frequency rectification and voltage regulation unit, its output terminal connected to the UAV's airborne battery, and sends battery status information to the multi-protocol communication module.

2. The magnetically coupled resonant wireless power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit adopts a full-bridge inverter topology, and its output frequency is configured by the intelligent ground terminal controller according to the charging parameters called by the model identification and parameter configuration unit.

3. The magnetically coupled resonant wireless power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sub-coils in the transmitting coil array are arranged in a 3×3 matrix, and each sub-coil is connected to the adaptive impedance matching network through a MOSFET switch. The control terminal of the MOSFET switch is connected to the energy focus control unit.

4. The magnetically coupled resonant wireless power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy focus control unit obtains the real-time position coordinates of the standard resonant receiving coil relative to the transmitting coil array by monitoring the signal strength reflected back from the airborne power supply system or by using an independent positioning sensor. Based on the real-time position coordinates, it sends a conduction signal to the switching element connected to the sub-coil directly opposite the standard resonant receiving coil, so that the sub-coil is connected to the output terminal of the adaptive impedance matching network.

5. The magnetically coupled resonant wireless power supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The equivalent coupling coefficient between the activated sub-coil and the standard resonant receiving coil Characterized by the following formula: in, The equivalent coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil array and the standard resonant receiving coil is given. The number of activated sub-coils. For the first The coupling coefficient between the activated sub-coil and the standard resonant receiving coil, , For the first The mutual inductance between the activated sub-coil and the standard resonant receiving coil For the first The self-inductance of an activated sub-coil, This refers to the self-inductance of the standard resonant receiving coil.

6. The magnetically coupled resonant wireless power supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The total magnetic field strength generated at the standard resonant receiving coil by the activated sub-coils Characterized by the following formula: in, The total magnetic field strength at the standard resonant receiving coil is [value missing]. The number of activated sub-coils. For the first The activated sub-coil has a transmission distance of The magnetic field strength generated at that location, , The permeability of free space, The number of turns of the sub-coil. To input the current of the sub-coil, The radius of the sub-coil, The vertical distance between the sub-coil and the standard resonant receiving coil is denoted as .

7. The magnetically coupled resonant wireless power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive impedance matching network adopts an S-shaped topology and is composed of a digitally controllable capacitor array. The control terminal of the digitally controllable capacitor array is connected to the intelligent ground terminal controller. The intelligent ground terminal controller adjusts the capacitance value of the digitally controllable capacitor array according to the output frequency of the reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit and the equivalent inductance of the transmitting coil array, so that the transmitting circuit is in a resonant state; the capacitors connected in series in the S-shaped topology... Maximum voltage stress Characterized by the following formula: in, For the first The maximum voltage stress of the series capacitor in the adaptive impedance matching network corresponding to each sub-coil. For the flow through the first The current in the adaptive impedance matching network corresponding to each sub-coil The angular frequency of the AC output from the reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit. For the first The capacitance value of the series capacitor in the adaptive impedance matching network corresponding to each sub-coil.

8. A magnetically coupled resonant wireless power supply method applied to the system described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: After the UAV lands on the charging platform, the onboard battery management unit establishes a two-way communication connection with the intelligent ground controller through the multi-protocol communication module; Step S2: The model identification and parameter configuration unit obtains the UAV model through the multi-protocol communication module and retrieves the corresponding charging voltage, charging current and optimal operating frequency parameters from the pre-stored database; Step S3: The intelligent ground terminal controller sends control commands to the reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit according to the parameters called in step S2, and configures the output frequency and phase shift angle of the reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit; Step S4: The energy focus control unit obtains the real-time position of the standard resonant receiving coil, sends a conduction signal to the switching element connected to the sub-coil corresponding to the real-time position, activates the corresponding sub-coil combination, and at the same time, the intelligent ground terminal controller sends a control signal to the adaptive impedance matching network to adjust the equivalent impedance of the adaptive impedance matching network so that the transmitting circuit is in a resonant state. Step S5: The reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit outputs high-frequency AC power, which is transmitted to the standard resonant receiving coil through the activated sub-coil combination. The high-frequency rectification and voltage regulation unit converts the received AC power into DC power, which is then used to charge the airborne battery through the airborne battery management unit. During the charging process, the transmission power, battery voltage, coil current, and the real-time position of the standard resonant receiving coil are monitored in real time. Step S6: When the airborne battery management unit detects that the airborne battery power has reached a preset threshold, it sends a charging completion signal to the intelligent ground controller. The intelligent ground controller stops the output of the reconfigurable high-frequency inverter unit and sends a charging completion command to the UAV through the multi-protocol communication module. The UAV then flies away from the charging platform.

9. The wireless power supply method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S4, the energy focus control unit determines the real-time position coordinates of the standard resonant receiving coil relative to the transmitting coil array by monitoring the peak position of the signal intensity reflected back from the standard resonant receiving coil, or by obtaining the image coordinates through an independent visual positioning sensor.

10. The wireless power supply method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The real-time monitoring in step S5 further includes: when the transmission efficiency decrease value exceeds a preset threshold, or the real-time position change of the standard resonant receiving coil exceeds a preset offset, the energy focus control unit re-executes step S4, switches the activated sub-coil combination, and makes the newly activated sub-coil combination face the current position of the standard resonant receiving coil.

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