An underwater pile foundation scour protection system and method based on initial flow field reduction

Abstract

The application discloses an underwater pile foundation scouring protection system and method based on initial flow field reduction, belongs to the technical field of pile foundation protection, and can solve the problem of poor protection effect of the prior art. The scouring protection system comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, is sleeved on a pile foundation, an annular cavity is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, the outer cylinder is provided with a plurality of water inlet holes on a water-approaching surface and a plurality of water outlet holes on a backflow surface, a water stop plate is arranged along the junction of the water-approaching surface and the backflow surface to divide the annular cavity into a water inlet cavity and a water outlet cavity, a flow field reduction module is arranged to suck water flowing towards the water-approaching surface into the water inlet cavity and then suck the water in the water inlet cavity into the water outlet cavity and discharge the water from the water outlet holes, a flow velocity monitoring module is arranged to monitor the first flow velocity of a first region not disturbed by the pile foundation and the second flow velocity of a second region disturbed by the pile foundation, and a control module is arranged to adjust the water pumping power of the flow field reduction module to make the first flow velocity equal to the second flow velocity. The application is used for protecting the pile foundation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an underwater pile foundation scour protection system and method based on initial flow field reconstruction, belonging to the field of pile foundation protection technology. Background Technology

[0002] Pile foundations are the primary foundation type for offshore wind power and other water-based engineering projects. In practical applications, the soil surrounding pile foundations is easily eroded by water flow, forming scour pits. Scour pits significantly reduce the bearing capacity and stability of the pile foundations, seriously affecting their safe operation. Therefore, it is necessary to take scour protection measures for pile foundations.

[0003] Existing scour protection measures mostly employ protective layers such as energy dissipation devices, sacrificial piles, retaining rings, flanges, and flexible diversion devices around the pile foundation. These physical structures block the water flow, thereby reducing its scouring impact on the pile foundation and surrounding soil. However, these measures are all passive protections, only weakening a portion of the water flow's energy. The weakened water flow will still continue to scour the pile foundation and surrounding soil, resulting in ineffective protection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an underwater pile foundation scour protection system and method based on initial flow field restoration, which can solve the problem of poor protection effect of existing technology against water flow scour.

[0005] On one hand, the present invention provides an underwater pile foundation scour protection system based on initial flow field reconstruction, the scour protection system comprising:

[0006] The inner cylinder is fitted onto the pile foundation and located in the water flow field;

[0007] An outer cylinder is fitted onto and connected to the inner cylinder, forming an annular cavity between the inner and outer cylinders. The outer cylinder has a flow-facing surface and a flow-reverse surface. The flow-facing surface has multiple water inlet holes, and the flow-reverse surface has multiple water outlet holes.

[0008] A baffle plate is disposed in the annular cavity, dividing the annular cavity into an inlet cavity communicating with the inlet hole and an outlet cavity communicating with the outlet hole at the junction of the frontal surface and the backal surface.

[0009] A flow field restoration module is disposed in the inlet chamber and the outlet chamber, and is used to draw water flowing toward the flow-facing surface into the inlet chamber through the inlet hole, and draw water in the inlet chamber into the outlet chamber and then discharge it from the outlet hole;

[0010] A flow velocity monitoring module is installed in the water flow field to monitor the first flow velocity in a first region of the water flow field that is not disturbed by the pile foundation and the second flow velocity in a second region that is disturbed by the pile foundation.

[0011] A control module, connected to the flow field restoration module and the flow velocity monitoring module, is used to adjust the pumping power of the flow field restoration module according to the first flow velocity and the second flow velocity, so that the first flow velocity is equal to the second flow velocity.

[0012] Optionally, the flow field reconstruction module includes:

[0013] A water inlet pipe, the water inlet end of which is located inside the water inlet chamber;

[0014] A drain pipe, the outlet end of which is located inside the outlet cavity;

[0015] A water pump, whose suction port is connected to the end of the suction pipe away from the inlet, and whose discharge port is connected to the end of the discharge pipe away from the outlet, is used to drive the water in the inlet chamber to flow into the outlet chamber through the suction pipe and the discharge pipe.

[0016] Optionally, the scour protection system further includes:

[0017] Multiple partitions are disposed at different heights in the annular cavity to divide the water inlet cavity into multiple sub-inlet cavities of different heights and the water outlet cavity into multiple sub-outlet cavities of different heights; the multiple sub-inlet cavities correspond one-to-one with the multiple sub-outlet cavities; each sub-inlet cavity and its corresponding sub-outlet cavity have the same height.

[0018] There are multiple water pumping pipes, and each water pumping pipe corresponds to a different sub-inlet chamber. The inlet end of each water pumping pipe is located in the corresponding sub-inlet chamber.

[0019] There are multiple drain pipes, and each drain pipe corresponds to a different sub-outlet chamber. The outlet end of each drain pipe is located in the corresponding sub-outlet chamber.

[0020] There are multiple water pumps, and each water pump corresponds to a different water pipe. Each water pump is connected to a corresponding water pipe and a drain pipe.

[0021] Optionally, the flow rate monitoring module includes:

[0022] The first monitoring unit is set in the first area and is used to monitor the first flow velocity at the height of each sub-inlet chamber in the first area;

[0023] The second monitoring unit is set in the second area and is used to monitor the second flow velocity at the height corresponding to each sub-inlet chamber in the second area;

[0024] The control module adjusts the pumping power of the corresponding water pump according to the first flow velocity and the second flow velocity at the same height, so that the first flow velocity and the second flow velocity at the same height are equal.

[0025] Optionally, the first monitoring unit includes:

[0026] Multiple first support rods are set in the first area and arranged circumferentially along the pile foundation;

[0027] Multiple first flow meters are provided, with one first flow meter installed on each first support rod at the height corresponding to each sub-inlet chamber. The first flow meters are used to monitor the real-time flow velocity at their respective locations.

[0028] The first computing element is used to take the maximum value of the real-time flow velocity measured by all first flow meters at the same height as the first flow velocity at the corresponding height.

[0029] The second monitoring unit includes:

[0030] Multiple second support rods are arranged in the second area and are circumferentially arranged along the pile foundation;

[0031] Multiple second flow meters are provided, with one second flow meter installed on each second support rod at the height corresponding to each sub-inlet chamber. The second flow meters are used to monitor the real-time flow velocity at their respective locations.

[0032] The second calculation element is used to take the maximum real-time flow velocity measured by all second flow meters at the same height as the second flow velocity at the corresponding height.

[0033] Optionally, the inner cylinder is rotatably fitted onto the pile foundation and can rotate around the central axis of the pile foundation.

[0034] Optionally, the scour protection system further includes:

[0035] The guide plate is vertically connected to the axis of symmetry of the backflow surface and is parallel to the central axis of the pile foundation.

[0036] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for scour protection of underwater pile foundations based on initial flow field reconstruction, the method comprising:

[0037] S1. Based on hydrological monitoring data, determine the first region in the water flow field where the pile foundation is located that is not disturbed by the pile foundation and the second region that is disturbed by the pile foundation.

[0038] S2. Deploy a scour protection system based on the location of the first and second regions; the scour protection system is any of the above-mentioned underwater pile foundation scour protection systems based on the initial flow field reconstruction.

[0039] S3. Use the flow velocity monitoring module to monitor the first flow velocity, and determine the pumping power of the flow field restoration module based on the first flow velocity and the flow area of ​​the outer cylinder. Start the flow velocity monitoring module according to the pumping power.

[0040] S4. Use the flow velocity monitoring module to monitor the second flow velocity, and use the control module to adjust the pumping power of the flow field restoration module according to the first and second flow velocities until the first flow velocity is equal to the second flow velocity.

[0041] Optionally, in S4, the pumping power of the flow field restoration module is adjusted according to the first flow velocity and the second flow velocity, specifically including:

[0042] When the first flow velocity is greater than the second flow velocity, increase the pumping power of the flow field restoration module;

[0043] When the first flow velocity is less than the second flow velocity, reduce the pumping power of the flow field restoration module.

[0044] Optionally, in S3, the pumping power of the flow field restoration module is determined based on the first flow velocity and the flow area of ​​the outer cylinder, specifically including:

[0045] The calculated flow rate is determined based on the first flow velocity and the flow area of ​​the outer cylinder;

[0046] The pumping power of the flow field reconstruction module is determined based on the calculated flow rate.

[0047] The beneficial effects that this invention can produce include:

[0048] This invention utilizes a flow field restoration module to pump out the water flow that is about to scour the pile foundation, allowing the water to bypass the pile foundation and be discharged. This avoids the passive protection method of existing methods that primarily rely on obstruction, thus forming an active protection method. Simultaneously, the pumping power of the flow field restoration module is adjusted by a control module to ensure that the first flow velocity is equal to the second flow velocity. This restores the water flow field state in the area affected by the pile foundation to its initial state, preventing streamline contraction and the formation of vortices that could scour the pile foundation. Furthermore, this invention uses multiple partitions to divide the inlet and outlet chambers into multiple layers, with corresponding pumping pipes, drainage pipes, and pumps in each layer. This prevents interference between water flow fields at different depths, enabling precise and differentiated adjustment of the water flow field at different depths, which improves the protection effect. In addition, by rotating the inner cylinder around the pile foundation and installing guide plates on the outer cylinder, the scour protection system automatically adjusts its rotation direction according to changes in the water flow direction, ensuring that the upstream face of the outer cylinder always faces the incoming flow direction. This achieves adaptive scour protection, significantly improving the scour protection effect. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the underwater pile foundation scour protection system based on initial flow field reconstruction provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 Provided for embodiments of the present invention Figure 1 Top view;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flow field reconstruction module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the setup of the flow rate monitoring module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 The diagram shows the changes in the water flow field before and after the installation of the scour protection system provided in the embodiment of the present invention; wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the water flow field without the pile foundation, (b) is a schematic diagram of the water flow field after the pile foundation is installed, and (c) is a schematic diagram of the water flow field after the scour protection system is installed.

[0054] Figure 6 Provided for embodiments of the present invention Figure 5 Top view.

[0055] Figure label:

[0056] 1. Pile foundation; 2. Outer cylinder; 21. Inlet hole; 22. Outlet hole; 3. Flow field reconstruction module; 31. Pumping pipe; 32. Drainage pipe; 33. Water pump; 4. Water baffle; 5. Layer baffle; 6. Flow velocity monitoring module; 61. First monitoring unit; 62. Second monitoring unit; 63. First support rod; 64. First flow meter; 65. Second support rod; 66. Second flow meter; 7. Rotary connector; 8. Guide plate; 9. Potential scour pit. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0058] This invention provides an underwater pile foundation scour protection system based on initial flow field reconstruction, such as... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the scour protection system includes:

[0059] The inner cylinder is fitted onto pile foundation 1 and is located in the water flow field;

[0060] The outer cylinder 2 is sleeved on the inner cylinder and fixedly connected to the inner cylinder. An annular cavity is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder 2. The outer cylinder 2 has a front flow surface and a back flow surface. The front flow surface has multiple water inlet holes 21, and the back flow surface has multiple water outlet holes 22.

[0061] A baffle plate 4 is installed in the annular cavity, dividing the annular cavity into an inlet cavity that communicates with the inlet hole 21 and an outlet cavity that communicates with the outlet hole 22 at the junction of the front and back flow surfaces.

[0062] The flow field restoration module 3 is installed in the inlet chamber and the outlet chamber. It is used to draw water flowing towards the frontal surface into the inlet chamber through the inlet hole 21, and draw water in the inlet chamber into the outlet chamber and then discharge it from the outlet hole 22.

[0063] The flow velocity monitoring module 6 is set in the water flow field to monitor the first flow velocity in the first region of the water flow field that is not disturbed by the pile foundation 1 and the second flow velocity in the second region that is disturbed by the pile foundation 1.

[0064] The control module, connected to the flow field restoration module 3 and the flow velocity monitoring module 6, is used to adjust the pumping power of the flow field restoration module 3 according to the first flow velocity and the second flow velocity so that the first flow velocity is equal to the second flow velocity.

[0065] Specifically, the second area already disturbed by pile foundation 1 is the area where potential scour pit 9 is located, and its extent can be calculated based on hydrological monitoring data.

[0066] In a marine environment, the presence of pile foundation 1 alters the initial water flow field in its surrounding neighborhood. For example... Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the obstruction of pile foundation 1 causes the streamlines of the water flow to contract, forming a horseshoe-shaped vortex on the upstream side of pile foundation 1 and a wake vortex on the downstream side. Under the action of the vortex, a pressure difference is generated between the upper and lower layers of the seabed soil. This pressure difference induces soil liquefaction, and the liquefied soil is washed away by the water flow, thus forming scour pits around pile foundation 1, reducing its bearing capacity and stability.

[0067] To avoid the formation of scour pits, this embodiment actively pumps water from the upstream side of the pile foundation 1 using the flow field restoration module 3. The water flows through the inlet and outlet chambers, and finally exits through the drain outlet on the downstream side of the pile foundation 1. In other words, the flow field restoration module 3 pumps water that is about to scour the pile foundation 1, causing the water to bypass the pile foundation 1 before exiting. This differs from existing methods that rely primarily on passive blocking; instead, it guides the water flow along a preset path through the pile foundation 1, forming active protection. Simultaneously, this embodiment adjusts the pumping power of the flow field restoration module 3 through the control module, ultimately making the first flow velocity equal to the second flow velocity. This allows the water flow field state in the second region, which has been disturbed by the pile foundation 1, to be restored to the water flow field state in the first region, which was not disturbed by the pile foundation 1 (i.e., the initial water flow field state). This prevents streamline contraction and the formation of vortices, thereby avoiding the formation of scour pits.

[0068] Specifically, the flow field reconstruction module 3 includes:

[0069] The water inlet pipe 31 is located inside the water inlet chamber;

[0070] Drain pipe 32, with its outlet end located inside the outlet cavity;

[0071] The water pump 33 has its pump inlet connected to the end of the pump pipe 31 away from the water inlet, and its drain outlet connected to the end of the drain pipe 32 away from the water outlet. It is used to drive the water in the water inlet chamber to flow into the water outlet chamber after passing through the pump pipe 31 and the drain pipe 32.

[0072] In offshore wind power and other marine engineering projects, the water depth at the location of the pile foundation 1 is usually quite deep, and the water flow field conditions may differ at different depths. To more precisely adjust and restore the water flow field at different depths and improve the protection effect, this scour protection system also includes:

[0073] Multiple partitions 5 are set at different heights in the annular cavity to divide the water inlet cavity into multiple sub-inlet cavities of different heights and the water outlet cavity into multiple sub-outlet cavities of different heights; the multiple sub-inlet cavities correspond one-to-one with the multiple sub-outlet cavities; the height of each sub-inlet cavity is the same as that of the corresponding sub-outlet cavity.

[0074] There are multiple water pumping pipes 31, and each water pumping pipe 31 corresponds to a multiple sub-inlet chamber. The inlet end of each water pumping pipe 31 is located in the corresponding sub-inlet chamber.

[0075] There are multiple drain pipes 32, and each drain pipe 32 corresponds to a different sub-outlet chamber. The outlet end of each drain pipe 32 is located in the corresponding sub-outlet chamber.

[0076] There are multiple water pumps 33, and each water pump 33 corresponds to a different water pump pipe 31. Each water pump 33 is connected to the corresponding water pump pipe 31 and drain pipe 32.

[0077] This embodiment sets up multiple partitions 5 to divide the inlet and outlet water chambers into multiple layers, and sets up a pumping pipe 31, a drain pipe 32 and a water pump 33 in each layer to avoid mutual interference between water flow fields at different depths. This achieves fine and differentiated adjustment of water flow fields at different depths, ensuring that the streamlines at each depth are evenly distributed, which is beneficial to improving the protection effect.

[0078] Specifically, the flow velocity monitoring module 6 includes:

[0079] The first monitoring unit 61 is set in the first area and is used to monitor the first flow velocity at the height of each sub-inlet chamber in the first area.

[0080] The second monitoring unit 62 is set in the second area and is used to monitor the second flow velocity at the height of each sub-inlet chamber in the second area.

[0081] The control module adjusts the pumping power of the corresponding water pump 33 according to the first flow velocity and the second flow velocity at the same height, so that the first flow velocity and the second flow velocity at the same height are equal.

[0082] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first monitoring unit includes:

[0083] Multiple first support rods 63 are set in the first area and are arranged circumferentially along the pile foundation;

[0084] Multiple first flow meters 64 are provided. Each first support rod 63 is equipped with a first flow meter 64 at the height corresponding to each sub-inlet chamber. The first flow meter 64 is used to monitor the real-time flow velocity at its location.

[0085] The first computing element is used to take the maximum value of the real-time flow velocity measured by all first flow meters 64 at the same height as the first flow velocity at the corresponding height.

[0086] The second monitoring unit includes:

[0087] Multiple second support rods 65 are set in the second area and are arranged circumferentially along the pile foundation;

[0088] Multiple second flow meters 66 are provided. Each second support rod 65 is equipped with a second flow meter 66 at the height corresponding to each sub-inlet chamber. The second flow meters 66 are used to monitor the real-time flow velocity at their respective locations.

[0089] The second calculation element is used to take the maximum value of the real-time flow velocity measured by all the second flow meters 66 at the same height as the second flow velocity at the corresponding height.

[0090] The first monitoring unit 61 and the second monitoring unit 62 have the same structure, differing only in their placement. The first monitoring unit 61 is placed within the first area, while the second monitoring unit 62 is placed within the second area. In this embodiment, the plurality of first support rods 63 of the first monitoring unit 61 and the plurality of second support rods 65 of the second monitoring unit 62 are arranged in a ring at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the pile foundation 1. The plurality of first support rods 63 of the first monitoring unit 61 are located on the outer ring, and the plurality of second support rods 65 of the second monitoring unit 62 are located on the inner ring. In this embodiment, the first support rods 63 and the second support rods 65 can be vertically inserted into the seabed or riverbed.

[0091] In practical applications, multiple second support rods 65 of the second monitoring unit 62 can be set at half the radius of the potential scour pit 9 to make the measured second flow velocity more objective.

[0092] In offshore wind power and other marine engineering projects, the direction of water flow at the location of pile foundation 1 may change with the ocean current. In order to ensure the protection effect, the front surface of the outer cylinder 2 must match the direction of water flow in order to effectively restore the initial water flow field.

[0093] To enable the upstream face of the outer cylinder 2 to adaptively adjust with the water flow direction, this embodiment rotatably mounts the inner cylinder onto the pile foundation 1, allowing the inner cylinder to rotate around the central axis of the pile foundation 1. Simultaneously, a guide plate 8 is installed on the outer cylinder 2, vertically connected to the axis of symmetry of the downstream face of the outer cylinder 2 and parallel to the central axis of the pile foundation 1. By rotatably connecting the inner cylinder to the pile foundation 1 and installing the guide plate 8 on the outer cylinder 2, when the water flow direction changes, the water flow pushes the guide plate 8, causing the inner and outer cylinders 2 to rotate synchronously until the guide plate 8 is parallel to the water flow direction. This ensures that the upstream face of the outer cylinder 2 always faces the incoming flow direction, allowing the scour protection system to automatically adjust its direction according to changes in the water flow direction, achieving adaptive scour protection.

[0094] Specifically, in this embodiment, the inner cylinder is rotatably connected to the pile foundation 1 by means of a rotating connector 7. The rotating connector 7 can be a structure such as a bearing that can achieve a rotatable connection.

[0095] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for scour protection of underwater pile foundations based on initial flow field reconstruction, the method comprising:

[0096] S1. Based on hydrological monitoring data, determine the first region in the water flow field where pile foundation 1 is located that is not disturbed by pile foundation 1 and the second region that is disturbed by pile foundation 1.

[0097] S2. Deploy a scour protection system based on the location of the first and second regions; the scour protection system is any of the above-mentioned underwater pile foundation scour protection systems based on the initial flow field reconstruction.

[0098] S3. Use the flow velocity monitoring module 6 to monitor the first flow velocity, and determine the pumping power of the flow field restoration module 3 based on the first flow velocity and the flow area of ​​the outer cylinder 2. Start the flow velocity monitoring module 6 according to the pumping power.

[0099] S4. Use the flow velocity monitoring module 6 to monitor the second flow velocity, and use the control module to adjust the pumping power of the flow field restoration module 3 according to the first flow velocity and the second flow velocity until the first flow velocity is equal to the second flow velocity.

[0100] Specifically, in S3, the pumping power of the flow field restoration module 3 is determined based on the first flow velocity and the flow area of ​​the outer cylinder 2, including:

[0101] The calculated flow rate is determined based on the first flow velocity and the flow area of ​​the outer cylinder 2, and then the pumping power of the flow field restoration module 3 is determined based on the calculated flow rate.

[0102] When multiple partitions 5 are installed, the calculated flow rate and pumping power at different heights should be calculated separately. For example, two partitions 5 are installed, dividing the inlet and outlet chambers into three equal layers: lower, middle, and upper. The first monitoring unit 61 is equipped with a first flow meter 64 at each of the three heights, and the second monitoring unit 62 is equipped with a second flow meter 66 at each of the three heights. The maximum value of the readings of all first flow meters 64 at each height corresponding to the first monitoring unit 61 is taken as the first flow velocity at that height. The first flow velocities of the lower, middle, and upper layers are denoted as V1, V2, and V3, respectively. Given that the flow area of ​​the outer cylinder 2 at each layer is A, the calculated flow rates for the lower, middle, and upper layers are Q1 = V1 × A, Q2 = V2 × A, and Q3 = V3 × A, respectively. Then, based on the calculated flow rate at each height and the cross-sectional area of ​​the corresponding pumping pipe 31, the pumping power of the pump 33 at each height can be calculated. In this embodiment, after the water pump 33 is started, the pumping power calculated above will be used as the initial operating power of the water pump 33, and the initial operating power will be adjusted through step S4.

[0103] In this embodiment, the maximum value of the readings of all second flow meters 66 at each floor height corresponding to the second monitoring unit 62 is taken as the second flow velocity at the corresponding height.

[0104] Specifically, in S4, the pumping power of the flow field restoration module 3 is adjusted according to the first flow velocity and the second flow velocity, including:

[0105] When the first flow velocity is greater than the second flow velocity, the pumping power of the flow field restoration module 3 is increased. This can prevent the pile foundation 1 from being eroded due to insufficient pumping power, resulting in a low pumping rate and insufficient restoration of the initial water flow field.

[0106] When the first flow velocity is less than the second flow velocity, the pumping power of the flow field restoration module 3 is reduced. This can prevent the pumping rate from being too high due to excessive pumping power, which would then form a high-speed water flow in front of the pile foundation 1 and cause scouring of the pile foundation 1.

[0107] This invention utilizes a flow field restoration module 3 to pump out the water flow that is about to scour the pile foundation 1, allowing the water to bypass the pile foundation 1 before being discharged. This avoids the passive protection method of existing methods that primarily rely on blocking, and instead forms an active protection method. Simultaneously, the pumping power of the flow field restoration module 3 is adjusted by a control module to make the first flow velocity equal to the second flow velocity. This restores the water flow field state in the area disturbed by the pile foundation 1 to its initial state, thereby preventing streamline contraction from forming vortices and scouring the pile foundation 1. Furthermore, this invention uses multiple partitions 5 to divide the inlet and outlet chambers into multiple layers, with a pumping pipe 31, a drain pipe 32, and a water pump 33 corresponding to each layer. This prevents interference between water flow fields at different depths, achieving refined and differentiated adjustment of the water flow field at different depths, which is beneficial for improving the protection effect. In addition, by rotating the inner cylinder onto the pile foundation 1 and setting the guide plate 8 on the outer cylinder 2, the scour protection system can automatically adjust its rotation direction according to the change of water flow direction, ensuring that the front surface of the outer cylinder 2 is always facing the incoming flow direction, thus achieving adaptive scour protection and significantly improving the scour protection effect.

[0108] The above description is merely a few embodiments of this application and is not intended to limit this application in any way. Although this application discloses preferred embodiments as described above, it is not intended to limit this application. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application using the disclosed technical content are equivalent to equivalent implementation cases and all fall within the scope of the technical solution.

Claims

1. A scour protection system for underwater pile foundations based on initial flow field reconstruction, characterized in that, The scour protection system includes: The inner cylinder is fitted onto the pile foundation and located in the water flow field; An outer cylinder is fitted onto and connected to the inner cylinder, forming an annular cavity between the inner and outer cylinders. The outer cylinder has a flow-facing surface and a flow-reverse surface. The flow-facing surface has multiple water inlet holes, and the flow-reverse surface has multiple water outlet holes. A baffle plate is disposed in the annular cavity, dividing the annular cavity into an inlet cavity communicating with the inlet hole and an outlet cavity communicating with the outlet hole at the junction of the frontal surface and the backal surface. A flow field restoration module is disposed in the inlet chamber and the outlet chamber, and is used to draw water flowing toward the flow-facing surface into the inlet chamber through the inlet hole, and draw water in the inlet chamber into the outlet chamber and then discharge it from the outlet hole; A flow velocity monitoring module is installed in the water flow field to monitor the first flow velocity in a first region of the water flow field that is not disturbed by the pile foundation and the second flow velocity in a second region that is disturbed by the pile foundation. A control module, connected to the flow field restoration module and the flow velocity monitoring module, is used to adjust the pumping power of the flow field restoration module according to the first flow velocity and the second flow velocity, so that the first flow velocity is equal to the second flow velocity.

2. The scour protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow field reconstruction module includes: A water inlet pipe, the water inlet end of which is located inside the water inlet chamber; A drain pipe, the outlet end of which is located inside the outlet cavity; A water pump, whose suction port is connected to the end of the suction pipe away from the inlet, and whose discharge port is connected to the end of the discharge pipe away from the outlet, is used to drive the water in the inlet chamber to flow into the outlet chamber through the suction pipe and the discharge pipe.

3. The scour protection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The scour protection system also includes: Multiple partitions are disposed at different heights in the annular cavity to divide the water inlet cavity into multiple sub-inlet cavities of different heights and the water outlet cavity into multiple sub-outlet cavities of different heights; the multiple sub-inlet cavities correspond one-to-one with the multiple sub-outlet cavities, and each sub-inlet cavity is at the same height as its corresponding sub-outlet cavity; There are multiple water pumping pipes, and each water pumping pipe corresponds to a different sub-inlet chamber. The inlet end of each water pumping pipe is located in the corresponding sub-inlet chamber. There are multiple drain pipes, and each drain pipe corresponds to a different sub-outlet chamber. The outlet end of each drain pipe is located in the corresponding sub-outlet chamber. There are multiple water pumps, and each water pump corresponds to a different water pipe. Each water pump is connected to a corresponding water pipe and a drain pipe.

4. The scour protection system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flow rate monitoring module includes: The first monitoring unit is set in the first area and is used to monitor the first flow velocity at the height of each sub-inlet chamber in the first area; The second monitoring unit is set in the second area and is used to monitor the second flow velocity at the height corresponding to each sub-inlet chamber in the second area; The control module adjusts the pumping power of the corresponding water pump according to the first flow velocity and the second flow velocity at the same height, so that the first flow velocity and the second flow velocity at the same height are equal.

5. The scour protection system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first monitoring unit includes: Multiple first support rods are set in the first area and arranged circumferentially along the pile foundation; Multiple first flow meters are provided, with one first flow meter installed on each first support rod at the height corresponding to each sub-inlet chamber. The first flow meters are used to monitor the real-time flow velocity at their respective locations. The first computing element is used to take the maximum value of the real-time flow velocity measured by all first flow meters at the same height as the first flow velocity at the corresponding height. The second monitoring unit includes: Multiple second support rods are arranged in the second area and are circumferentially arranged along the pile foundation; Multiple second flow meters are provided, with one second flow meter installed on each second support rod at the height corresponding to each sub-inlet chamber. The second flow meters are used to monitor the real-time flow velocity at their respective locations. The second calculation element is used to take the maximum real-time flow velocity measured by all second flow meters at the same height as the second flow velocity at the corresponding height.

6. The scour protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner cylinder is rotatably fitted onto the pile foundation and can rotate around the central axis of the pile foundation.

7. The scour protection system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The scour protection system also includes: The guide plate is vertically connected to the axis of symmetry of the backflow surface and is parallel to the central axis of the pile foundation.

8. A method for scour protection of underwater pile foundations based on initial flow field reconstruction, characterized in that, The method includes: S1. Based on hydrological monitoring data, determine the first region in the water flow field where the pile foundation is located that is not disturbed by the pile foundation and the second region that is disturbed by the pile foundation. S2. Deploy a scour protection system based on the location of the first region and the second region; the scour protection system is the underwater pile foundation scour protection system based on the initial flow field restoration as described in any one of claims 1 to 7. S3. Use the flow velocity monitoring module to monitor the first flow velocity, and determine the pumping power of the flow field restoration module based on the first flow velocity and the flow area of ​​the outer cylinder. Start the flow velocity monitoring module according to the pumping power. S4. Use the flow velocity monitoring module to monitor the second flow velocity, and use the control module to adjust the pumping power of the flow field restoration module according to the first and second flow velocities until the first flow velocity is equal to the second flow velocity.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In S4, the pumping power of the flow field restoration module is adjusted according to the first and second flow velocities, specifically including: When the first flow velocity is greater than the second flow velocity, increase the pumping power of the flow field restoration module; When the first flow velocity is less than the second flow velocity, reduce the pumping power of the flow field restoration module.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In S3, the pumping power of the flow field restoration module is determined based on the first flow velocity and the flow area of ​​the outer cylinder, specifically including: The calculated flow rate is determined based on the first flow velocity and the flow area of ​​the outer cylinder; The pumping power of the flow field reconstruction module is determined based on the calculated flow rate.

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