Shaft boring machine and method of construction thereof

Abstract

The application provides a shaft boring machine and a construction method, wherein the shaft boring machine comprises a cutting head, a slag discharge system matched with the cutting head, the slag discharge system comprises a pump suction slag discharge module, an air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module and a switching valve group; the switching valve group has a first state and a second state; in the first state, the pump suction slag discharge module and the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module work independently; in the second state, the pump suction slag discharge module and the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module are communicated with each other through the switching valve group to form a bypass internal circulation loop. The shaft boring machine makes the pump suction slag discharge module and the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module work independently and be communicated to form a bypass internal circulation loop to realize the function of backwashing. The scheme can flexibly select a slag discharge mode according to a working condition and backwash when blockage occurs, and solves the problems of limited depth of a single slag discharge mode, poor adaptability to a stratum and easy blockage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of shaft tunneling equipment technology, and in particular to a shaft tunneling machine and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, submerged shaft tunneling machines (TBMs), as the core equipment for shaft excavation, are widely used in various underground engineering constructions. Among them, the muck removal system is a key component that determines tunneling efficiency, construction depth, and adaptability to geological formations. Existing submerged shaft TBMs employ relatively simple muck removal methods, with the vast majority using a single pump-suction circulation muck removal mode, failing to overcome limitations in depth and geological adaptability. The single pump-suction circulation muck removal mode involves a mud pump positioned above the cutting head generating suction through a suction pipe to draw in the slurry below the cutting head. This slurry is then transported to a surface mud treatment station via a discharge pipe. After separation, the slurry is pumped back into the shaft, forming a single-mode muck removal circulation process of "tunneling-slurry mixing-slurry suction-slurry discharge-slurry injection."

[0003] However, the single-pump suction circulation slag removal technology has the following disadvantages and drawbacks: First, the construction depth is limited: as the excavation depth of the shaft increases, the water pressure at the bottom of the shaft gradually increases, and the power of the mud pump cannot meet the needs of deeper shafts; Second, it has poor adaptability to complex strata: the existing single-pump suction system has fixed diameter limitations for the suction pipe, discharge pipe, and mud pump impeller. For complex strata with large pebbles and high pebble content, the crushed pebbles are prone to clogging the suction port, pipeline, and mud pump impeller, leading to slag removal interruption; Third, the mud pump failure rate is extremely high under high water pressure: when the shaft excavation depth reaches more than 50m, the bottom water pressure increases significantly, requiring continuous overcoming of high water pressure to achieve negative pressure suction, which leads to accelerated wear of vulnerable parts such as the mud pump impeller and seals, resulting in frequent seal leaks, impeller jamming, motor overload, and other failures, affecting the construction progress.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to design a shaft tunneling machine and its construction method to solve one of the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a shaft tunneling machine and its construction method, which can be applied to shaft operations at different depths and in different geological conditions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided in this application is as follows: This application provides a shaft boring machine, wherein the shaft boring machine includes: a cutting head and a muck removal system cooperating with the cutting head. The muck removal system includes a pump suction muck removal module, an air lift reverse circulation muck removal module, and a switching valve group. The switching valve group has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the pump suction muck removal module and the air lift reverse circulation muck removal module work independently. In the second state, the pump suction muck removal module and the air lift reverse circulation muck removal module are interconnected through the switching valve group to form a bypass internal circulation loop.

[0007] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the slurry channel of the air-lift reverse circulation slurry discharge module is larger than the inner diameter of the slurry channel of the pump suction slurry discharge module.

[0008] Furthermore, the cutting head includes an excavation chamber, and the slag removal system includes at least one slag suction pipe and a main slag discharge pipe. One end of the slag suction pipe is connected to the excavation chamber, and the other end of the slag suction pipe is connected to the inlet of the pump slag suction module and the inlet of the air-lift reverse circulation slag discharge module, respectively. One end of the main slag discharge pipe is connected to the outlet of the pump slag suction module and the outlet of the air-lift reverse circulation slag discharge module, respectively, and the other end of the main slag discharge pipe is connected to the ground pipeline through a central rotary joint.

[0009] Furthermore, the air-lift reverse circulation slag discharge module includes an air-lift channel connected to the main slag discharge pipe; the pump suction slag discharge module includes a pump suction slag discharge pipe connected to the main slag discharge pipe; the switching valve group includes a first switching valve on the pump suction slag discharge pipe, a second switching valve on the air-lift channel, and a third switching valve on the main slag discharge pipe. The first state is that either the first switching valve or the second switching valve is in the open state, and the third switching valve is in the open state; the second state is that both the first switching valve and the second switching valve are in the open state, and the third switching valve is in the closed state.

[0010] Furthermore, the pump suction slag discharge module also includes a first telescopic pipe disposed on the pump suction slag discharge pipe, and the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module also includes a second telescopic pipe disposed between the slag suction pipe and the air lift channel. Both the first telescopic pipe and the second telescopic pipe extend in the vertical direction and are on the same horizontal plane.

[0011] Furthermore, the gas lift reverse circulation slag discharge module also includes a gas-liquid mixer disposed between the gas lift channel and the second telescopic pipe, and a gas pipe connected to the gas-liquid mixer and used for filling with compressed air. The gas-liquid mixer is a porous gas dispersion structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the slag suction pipe includes a first slag suction pipe and a second slag suction pipe that are independent of each other; the first slag suction pipe is connected to the pump suction and discharge pipe of the pump suction and discharge module, and the second slag suction pipe is connected to the second telescopic pipe of the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower end of the second slag suction pipe is provided with a funnel-shaped slag suction port, the minimum inner diameter of which is greater than the inner diameter of the first slag suction pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the air-lift reverse circulation slag discharge module also includes a connecting pipe, one end of which is connected to the inlet of the second telescopic pipe, and the other end of which is connected to the slag suction pipe. This application also provides a construction method for the shaft tunneling machine as described above, wherein the construction method includes: Obtain the construction parameters of the shaft boring machine, including at least one of the following: excavation depth, geological type, and suction pipe pressure; Determine whether the pressure value of the slag suction pipe is less than the pressure threshold. If not, control the switching valve group to the second state, and simultaneously start the pump slag suction module and the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module to execute the reverse flushing program. If so, continue to determine whether the geology is a pebble stratum and whether the depth value is greater than the depth threshold. If so, control the switching valve group to be in the first state, and start the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module to execute the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge program to discharge slag. If not, control the switching valve group to be in the first state, and start the pump suction slag discharge module to execute the pump suction slag discharge program to discharge slag. Continue to obtain the construction parameters of the shaft boring machine.

[0015] Compared with related technologies, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: By utilizing the shaft tunneling machine of this application, through the cooperation of the pump suction slag removal module, the air lift reverse circulation slag removal module and the switching valve group, the pump suction slag removal module and the air lift reverse circulation slag removal module can work independently or be connected to form a bypass internal circulation loop to achieve the function of backwashing. This solution can flexibly select the slag removal mode according to the working conditions and backwash when blockage occurs, solving the problems of limited depth, poor formation adaptability and easy blockage of a single slag removal method. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a shaft tunneling machine according to one embodiment of the shaft tunneling machine of this application.

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of a vertical shaft tunneling machine.

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the central rotary joint.

[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the bypass internal circulation loop of the slag discharge system.

[0020] Figure 5This is a flowchart of one embodiment of the construction method of the shaft tunneling machine of this application.

[0021] Among them, 1-cutting head, 11-excavation chamber, 2-slag discharge system, 21-pump suction slag discharge module, 211-mud pump, 212-pump suction slag discharge pipe, 213-first telescopic pipe, 22-air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module, 221-air lift channel, 222-second telescopic pipe, 223-gas-liquid mixer, 224-air pipe, 225-connecting pipe, 23-switching valve group, 231-first switching valve, 232-second switching valve, 233-third switching valve, 24-slag suction pipe, 241-first slag suction pipe, 242-second slag suction pipe, 25-main slag discharge pipe, 3-center rotary joint. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] It should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only to simplify the description of this application and do not indicate or imply that the device referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0024] In the various figures of this application, for ease of illustration, certain dimensions of structures or parts are exaggerated relative to other structural parts, and are therefore only used to illustrate the basic structure of the subject matter of this application.

[0025] This application provides a shaft tunneling machine and its construction method, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the shaft boring machine includes a cutting head 1 and a slag removal system 2 that works in conjunction with the cutting head 1. The slag removal system 2 transports the slag removed by the cutting head 1 to a mud treatment station 4 on the ground.

[0026] The cutting head 1 includes an excavation chamber 11, which is used to temporarily contain the excavated soil and debris, including rock debris, pebbles, clay, etc., which are broken off by the cutting head 1. The injected mud is allowed to mix fully with the excavated soil and debris here to form a transportable slurry.

[0027] like Figure 1As shown, the slag discharge system 2 includes a pump suction slag discharge module 21, an air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module 22, a switching valve group 23, at least one slag suction pipe 24, and a main slag discharge pipe 25. The switching valve group 23 has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the pump suction slag discharge module 21 and the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module 22 can be arranged side by side between the slag suction pipe 24 and the main slag discharge pipe 25, and they can work independently. In the second state, the pump suction slag discharge module 21 and the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module 22 are interconnected through the switching valve group 23 to form a bypass internal circulation loop.

[0028] The pump suction slag removal module 21 includes a pump suction slag removal pipe 212 connected to the main slag removal pipe 25, a first telescopic pipe 213 installed on the pump suction slag removal pipe 212, and a mud pump 211 connecting the first telescopic pipe 213 and the suction pipe 24. The pump suction slag removal program led by the pump suction slag removal module 21 works independently and is mainly used for efficient slag removal in shallow depths (≤50m) and conventional formations. Conventional formations refer to formations that are not prone to clogging, such as clay or silt without large pebbles or with low pebble content.

[0029] The first telescopic pipe 213 extends in the vertical direction, which can synchronously compensate for the length changes between the slag suction pipe 24 and the pump suction and discharge pipe 212 when the shaft tunneling machine sinks, thus preventing the pipeline from being pulled apart or bent.

[0030] The inner diameter of the slurry channel of the air-lift reverse circulation slag discharge module 22 is larger than the inner diameter of the slurry channel of the pump suction slag discharge module 21. When the air-lift reverse circulation slag discharge program dominated by the air-lift reverse circulation slag discharge module 22 works alone, the slurry channel of the air-lift reverse circulation slag discharge module 22 can pass through pebbles of larger particle size, avoiding blockage. It is mainly used for efficient slag discharge in complex formations such as deep formations and pebbles.

[0031] When the shaft boring machine is working in shallow strata or geologically complex strata containing large pebbles, the pump suction slag removal module 21 is the main working unit. When the construction efficiency is reduced due to the large amount of pebbles, the pump suction slag removal module 21 and the air lift reverse circulation slag removal module 22 can work simultaneously to perform a graded slag removal procedure. The pump suction slag removal module 21 sucks up the fine-particle slag from the upper part of the excavation chamber, and the air lift reverse circulation slag removal module 22 sucks up the coarse-particle slag from the lower part of the excavation chamber, realizing the graded transportation of coarse and fine particles and reducing the overall risk of blockage.

[0032] Specifically, the air-lift reverse circulation slag discharge module 22 includes an air-lift channel 221 connected to the main slag discharge pipe 25 and a second telescopic pipe 222 located between the slag suction pipe 24 and the air-lift channel 221. The second telescopic pipe 222 extends in the vertical direction and is at the same horizontal plane as the first telescopic rod 213, ensuring the synchronization of the expansion and contraction of the first telescopic pipe 213 and the second telescopic pipe 222, thereby ensuring the stability and sealing of the two systems when the depth changes, and avoiding pipeline interference or uneven force due to asynchronous expansion and contraction.

[0033] Preferably, the first telescopic tube 213 and the second telescopic tube 222 have the same length, further optimizing the synchronization of their extension and retraction.

[0034] The air-lift reverse circulation slag discharge module 22 also includes a gas-liquid mixer 223 disposed between the air-lift channel 221 and the second telescopic pipe 222, and an air pipe 224 connected to the gas-liquid mixer 223 and used for filling compressed air. The gas-liquid mixer 223 is used to fully mix high-pressure air with slurry. The gas-liquid mixer 223 has a porous gas dispersion structure to ensure that air is uniformly integrated into the slurry and reduce the density of the slurry.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the switching valve group 23 includes a first switching valve 231 on the pump suction and slag discharge pipe 212, a second switching valve 232 on the air lift channel 221, and a third switching valve 233 on the main slag discharge pipe 25. In the first state, the first switching valve 231 or the second switching valve 232 is in the open state, and the third switching valve 233 is in the open state. In the second state, the first switching valve 231 and the second switching valve 232 are in the open state, and the third switching valve 233 is in the closed state. At this time, the pump suction slag discharge module 21 and the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module 22 are interconnected to form a bypass internal circulation loop. This structure is simple, reliable in control, and does not require additional pump flushing.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, one end of the main slag discharge pipe 25 is connected to the outlet of the pump suction slag discharge module 21 and the outlet of the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module 22, respectively. The other end of the main slag discharge pipe 25 is connected to the ground pipeline through the central rotary joint 3. Both the pump suction slag discharge module 21 and the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module 22 are transported to the ground through the central rotary joint 3. It is not necessary to set a separate rotary sealing structure for each module, which simplifies the structure of the whole machine. It can also realize continuous slag discharge in the rotating state, avoid pipeline entanglement, and is especially suitable for deep vertical shaft (≥100m) construction.

[0037] One end of the slag suction pipe 24 is connected to the excavation chamber 11, and the other end of the slag suction pipe 24 is connected to the inlet of the pump slag suction module 21 and the inlet of the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module 22.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 3 As shown, the slag suction pipe 24 includes a first slag suction pipe 241 and a second slag suction pipe 242 that are independent of each other; the first slag suction pipe 241 is connected to the pump suction slag discharge pipe 212 of the pump suction slag discharge module 21, and the second slag suction pipe 242 is connected to the second telescopic pipe 222 of the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module 22, so that the pump suction slag discharge module 21 and the air lift reverse circulation module 22 each have independent slag suction channels, which facilitates slag discharge according to particle size and improves the adaptability to complex strata such as large pebbles and clay.

[0039] Preferably, the lower end of the second slag suction pipe 242 is provided with a funnel-shaped slag suction port, the minimum inner diameter of which is larger than the inner diameter of the first slag suction pipe 241. This effectively prevents large-diameter pebbles from getting stuck at the inlet, ensuring that the air-lift reverse circulation slag discharge module 22 can smoothly suck in and discharge large slag stones, while reducing the inlet flow rate and reducing wear.

[0040] As another preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the air-lift reverse circulation slag discharge module 22 also includes a connecting pipe 225. One end of the connecting pipe 225 is connected to the inlet of the second telescopic pipe 222, and the other end of the connecting pipe 225 is connected to the slag suction pipe 24, which simplifies the pipeline structure of the slag discharge system 2, while retaining the bypass reverse flushing function, reducing manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulty.

[0041] It is understood that this embodiment is applicable to the modification of mature structures of existing single pump slag removal modes, integrating the air lift reverse circulation slag removal module 22 into existing shaft tunneling machines to reduce equipment improvement costs.

[0042] This application also provides a construction method for the shaft tunneling machine as described above, such as... Figure 5As shown, the construction method includes: acquiring construction parameters of the shaft boring machine, including at least one of excavation depth, geological type, and slag suction pipe pressure; acquiring construction parameters of the shaft boring machine, including at least one of excavation depth, geological type, and slag suction pipe pressure; determining whether the pressure value of the slag suction pipe is less than a pressure threshold; if not, controlling the switching valve group 23 to be in the second state, and simultaneously starting the pump slag suction module 21 and the air-lift reverse circulation slag discharge module 22 to execute the reverse flushing procedure; if yes, continuing to determine whether the geological formation is a pebble stratum and whether the depth value is greater than the depth threshold; if yes, controlling the switching valve group 23 to be in the first state, and starting the air-lift reverse circulation slag discharge module 22 to execute the air-lift reverse circulation slag discharge procedure for slag removal; if not, controlling the switching valve group to be in the first state, starting the pump slag suction module 21 to execute the pump slag suction procedure for slag removal; continuing to acquire construction parameters of the shaft boring machine. The depth threshold is 50 meters, and the pressure threshold is 1.5 times the normal operating pressure of the slag suction pipe 24.

[0043] The construction method of the shaft boring machine of this application realizes the adaptive switching of three working conditions through the state control of the switching valve group 23. When the slag discharge pipe 24 is blocked, it automatically switches to the reverse flushing program. The shallow conventional formation is suitable for the high-efficiency and energy-saving pump suction slag discharge program, while the deep and loose gravel formation is suitable for the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge program that breaks through the depth limit. This construction method transforms the dual-mode slag discharge structure of the shaft boring machine into a specific operation process, ensuring the continuity and safety of construction.

[0044] The pump suction slag procedure is as follows: both the first switching valve 241 and the third switching valve 243 are kept in the first open state, and the mud is transported to the ground through the slag suction pipe 24, mud pump 211, first telescopic pipe 213, pump suction slag discharge pipe 212, and main slag discharge pipe 25.

[0045] The air-lift reverse circulation slag removal process is as follows: Compressed air is injected into the gas-liquid mixer 223 through the air pipe 224. The air mixes with the slurry from the slag suction pipe 24 in the air-lift channel, forming a low-density gas-liquid two-phase flow. Due to the higher density of the mud outside the pipeline, a density difference is formed between the inside and outside, thereby generating a strong upward lifting force in the pipeline, continuously pushing the slurry from the bottom of the well to the surface. This method does not rely on the negative pressure suction of the mud pump, so it is not limited by depth and water pressure, and is especially suitable for deep vertical wells (>100m) and large-diameter pebble formations.

[0046] The reverse flushing procedure specifically includes: keeping the switching valve group 23 in the second state, starting the pump suction slag removal module 21, allowing the slurry to pass through the pump suction slag removal module 21 and the switching valve group 23 into the air lift reverse circulation module 23, and then flowing back into the slag suction pipe 24, spraying out from the slag suction port or the cutting head 1, for a preset flushing time. Utilizing the pump suction slag removal module 21 as the power source and the air lift reverse circulation slag removal module 22 as the return flow path, low-cost, high-efficiency online dredging is achieved, avoiding disassembly for cleaning and reducing downtime.

[0047] The switching valve group 23 also has a third state in which the first switching valve 231, the second switching valve 232, and the third switching valve 233 are all open. At this time, the pump suction slag removal module 21 and the air lift reverse circulation slag removal module 22 are started simultaneously, so that both work at the same time to execute the graded slag removal program. In some embodiments, if the excavation depth is less than the depth threshold and the geology is a gravel-bearing stratum, the pump suction slag removal program is mainly executed. However, when the construction efficiency is low, the graded slag removal program can also be executed. Specifically, the air lift reverse circulation slag removal module 22 sucks coarse slag slurry from the lower part of the excavation chamber through its suction port, and the pump suction slag removal module 21 sucks fine slag slurry from the upper part of the excavation chamber through its suction port.

[0048] In summary, the shaft boring machine of this application, through the cooperation of the pump suction slag removal module 21, the air lift reverse circulation slag removal module 22, and the switching valve group 23, enables the pump suction slag removal module 21 and the air lift reverse circulation slag removal module 22 to work independently or to connect to form a bypass internal circulation loop to achieve backwashing. This solution can flexibly select the slag removal mode according to the working conditions and backwash when blockage occurs, solving the problems of limited depth, poor formation adaptability, and easy blockage of a single slag removal method.

[0049] It should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0050] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific illustrations of feasible embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. All equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the art of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A vertical shaft tunneling machine, characterized in that, The shaft boring machine includes: a cutting head and a muck removal system that cooperates with the cutting head. The muck removal system includes a pump suction muck removal module, an air lift reverse circulation muck removal module, and a switching valve group. The switching valve group has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the pump suction muck removal module and the air lift reverse circulation muck removal module work independently. In the second state, the pump suction muck removal module and the air lift reverse circulation muck removal module are interconnected through the switching valve group to form a bypass internal circulation loop.

2. The shaft boring machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the slurry channel of the air-lift reverse circulation slurry discharge module is larger than the inner diameter of the slurry channel of the pump suction slurry discharge module.

3. The shaft boring machine as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The cutting head includes an excavation chamber, and the slag removal system includes at least one slag suction pipe and a main slag discharge pipe. One end of the slag suction pipe is connected to the excavation chamber, and the other end of the slag suction pipe is connected to the inlet of the pump slag suction module and the inlet of the air-lift reverse circulation slag discharge module, respectively. One end of the main slag discharge pipe is connected to the outlet of the pump slag suction module and the outlet of the air-lift reverse circulation slag discharge module, respectively, and the other end of the main slag discharge pipe is connected to the ground pipeline through a central rotary joint.

4. The shaft boring machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The air-lift reverse circulation slag discharge module includes an air-lift channel connected to the main slag discharge pipe; the pump suction slag discharge module includes a pump suction slag discharge pipe connected to the main slag discharge pipe; the switching valve group includes a first switching valve on the pump suction slag discharge pipe, a second switching valve on the air-lift channel, and a third switching valve on the main slag discharge pipe; the first state is that the first switching valve or the second switching valve is in the open state, and the third switching valve is in the open state. The second state is that the first switching valve and the second switching valve are in the open state, and the third switching valve is in the closed state.

5. The shaft boring machine as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The pump suction slag removal module also includes a first telescopic pipe disposed on the pump suction slag discharge pipe, and the air lift reverse circulation slag removal module also includes a second telescopic pipe disposed between the slag suction pipe and the air lift channel. The first telescopic pipe and the second telescopic pipe both extend in the vertical direction and are on the same horizontal plane.

6. The shaft boring machine as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The gas lift reverse circulation slag discharge module also includes a gas-liquid mixer located between the gas lift channel and the first telescopic pipe, and a gas pipe for filling compressed air into the gas-liquid mixer. The gas-liquid mixer is a porous gas dispersion structure.

7. The shaft boring machine as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The slag suction pipe includes a first slag suction pipe and a second slag suction pipe that are independent of each other. The first slag suction pipe is connected to the pump suction and discharge pipe of the pump suction and discharge module, and the second slag suction pipe is connected to the second telescopic pipe of the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module.

8. The shaft boring machine as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The lower end of the second slag suction pipe is provided with a funnel-shaped slag suction port, and the minimum inner diameter of the slag suction port is larger than the inner diameter of the first slag suction pipe.

9. The shaft boring machine as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The air-lift reverse circulation slag discharge module also includes a connecting pipe, one end of which is connected to the inlet of the second telescopic pipe, and the other end of which is connected to the slag suction pipe.

10. A construction method for a shaft boring machine as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The construction method includes: Obtain the construction parameters of the shaft boring machine, including at least one of the following: excavation depth, geological type, and suction pipe pressure; Determine whether the pressure value of the slag suction pipe is less than the pressure threshold. If not, control the switching valve group to the second state, and simultaneously start the pump slag suction module and the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module to execute the reverse flushing program. If so, continue to determine whether the geology is a pebble stratum and whether the depth value is greater than the depth threshold. If so, control the switching valve group to be in the first state, and start the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge module to execute the air lift reverse circulation slag discharge program to discharge slag. If not, control the switching valve group to be in the first state, and start the pump suction slag discharge module to execute the pump suction slag discharge program to discharge slag. Continue to obtain the construction parameters of the shaft boring machine.

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