Electrical safety control method and system for power test equipment

Abstract

The application discloses an electrical guarantee control method and system of a power test device, and relates to the technical field of electrical test, which comprises the following steps: collecting multi-dimensional state data synchronously to construct a standardized characteristic data set; constructing a multi-dimensional state characteristic vector, calculating protection parameters, dynamically adjusting protection threshold values, generating an adaptive protection strategy and executing the same, realizing fault grading and safety interlocking, verifying protection effects and optimizing the strategy. In the application, a multi-dimensional state characteristic vector containing a test device, a device under test and a test environment is constructed, protection threshold values are dynamically corrected according to environmental temperature and humidity, load impedance and fault precursor intensity, adaptive adjustment and active prevention of the protection strategy are realized, the problem of fixed parameters and poor adaptability of a traditional protection scheme is solved, and the safety and reliability of power test are significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical testing technology, specifically to an electrical protection control method and system for power testing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development and intelligent upgrading of power systems, power testing equipment (such as relay protection testers, high-voltage insulation testers, transformer DC resistance testers, and loop resistance testers) is increasingly widely used in power production, installation, commissioning, and maintenance. During operation, power testing equipment typically needs to output high voltage and high current, or be connected to energized equipment, resulting in complex testing environments and high safety risks.

[0003] Existing protection schemes for power testing equipment typically employ fixed threshold protection or require manual setting of protection parameters. This makes it difficult to automatically match the optimal protection strategy based on the type of test object, parameters, and test items. Manual setting is prone to errors or improper settings, resulting in protection parameters that do not match actual test requirements, posing a risk of protection failure or false protection. Furthermore, there is a lack of a systematic linkage and protection mechanism between the testing equipment, the test object, and the testing environment. The protection of each link is independent, and when an anomaly occurs in one link, it is difficult to achieve multi-link coordinated protection, resulting in delayed protection response or protection blind spots, making it difficult to achieve comprehensive safety assurance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this paper provides an electrical protection control method and system for power testing equipment. This solution resolves the issues raised in the background section regarding existing power testing equipment protection schemes, which typically employ fixed threshold protection or require manual setting of protection parameters. These schemes struggle to automatically match the optimal protection strategy based on the type of test object, parameters, and test items. Manual setting is prone to errors or improper configuration, leading to mismatches between protection parameters and actual testing requirements, resulting in protection failure or false protection risks. Furthermore, the lack of a systematic linkage and protection mechanism between the testing equipment, the test object, and the testing environment, with each protection component operating independently, makes it difficult to achieve coordinated protection across multiple components when an anomaly occurs in any component. This results in delayed protection response or protection blind spots, hindering comprehensive safety assurance.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An electrical protection control method and system for power testing equipment, comprising: The system synchronously collects information on the operating status of the test equipment, the status of the device under test, the test items, and the test environment to obtain multi-dimensional status data. It then performs preprocessing and feature extraction to construct a standardized feature dataset. Construct a multi-dimensional state feature vector that includes the test equipment, the device under test, and the test environment, and calculate protection parameters based on the multi-dimensional state feature vector to dynamically adjust the protection threshold. Based on the test item information and protection threshold, obtain the corresponding protection actions and protection response times, and generate an adaptive protection strategy containing protection threshold, protection action and protection response time; An adaptive protection strategy is implemented, and status data is collected synchronously with a unified timestamp and sampling frequency throughout the entire execution cycle. Based on the magnitude and duration of the deviation of the monitoring data from the protection threshold, combined with the fault precursor characteristics, the corresponding protection action is matched. After the protection action is completed, the test equipment is reset to the initial state. Collect status data after the adaptive protection strategy is executed, verify the protection effect and test data, and optimize and iterate the adaptive protection strategy.

[0006] Preferably, the synchronous acquisition of test equipment operating status information, tested equipment status information, test item information, and test environment information to obtain multi-dimensional status data, and the preprocessing and feature extraction to construct a standardized feature dataset, specifically includes: Based on the test project information, a full-process synchronous data collection link is established, with a unified timestamp and matching the corresponding sampling frequency to synchronously collect raw test data and historical test information, thereby completing the collection of raw test information in all dimensions. The original test information of all dimensions is cleaned and corrected, and the time sequence of the original test information of all dimensions is aligned according to a unified timestamp to obtain a basic test dataset with consistent time sequence and no interference. Based on the basic test dataset and test project information, multi-dimensional key features are extracted to obtain the working condition features of the test equipment, the status features of the equipment under test, the task features of the test project, and the environmental features of the test environment. Simultaneously, fault precursor features in the time domain and frequency domain are extracted, and redundant and invalid features are removed. The acquired multi-dimensional key features are quantified and standardized, and feature classification is completed based on security classification rules to obtain a standardized feature dataset.

[0007] Preferably, the construction of a multi-dimensional state feature vector comprising the test equipment, the device under test, and the test environment, and the calculation of protection parameters based on the multi-dimensional state feature vector, and the dynamic adjustment of the protection threshold, specifically includes: Based on the standardized feature dataset and combined with the safety priority of the test project information, the test equipment operating condition features, the test equipment status features, and the test environment features are fused according to preset weights to construct a multi-source fusion multi-dimensional status feature vector, and an independent dimension is reserved for the fault precursor feature quantity. Based on the feature weight matrix corresponding to the test item type, the multi-dimensional state feature vector is weighted and processed. Combined with the industry standard threshold and equipment rated parameter boundary corresponding to the test item, the correction calculation and mandatory safety rule verification are then performed to generate adaptive protection parameters. The adaptive protection parameters are compared and verified with the initial protection threshold and the historical best protection threshold. Dynamic closed-loop adjustment is performed in combination with real-time collected status feedback data. When the risk increases, the threshold is tightened, and when the operating condition is stable, the threshold is relaxed. The adjusted threshold passes the safety boundary verification and meets the preset standard requirements, and the optimal dynamic protection threshold is output.

[0008] Preferably, the step of obtaining the corresponding protection action and protection response time based on the test item information and protection threshold, and generating an adaptive protection strategy containing the protection threshold, protection action, and protection response time, specifically includes: The system retrieves the preset protection strategy database based on the test item type, matches the corresponding set of protection actions, and sets the protection action triggering conditions based on the dynamically adjusted protection threshold. The protection response time is calculated based on the state characteristics of the equipment under test. The calculation of the protection response time takes into account the equivalent capacitance, equivalent inductance and insulation resistance of the equipment under test. The protection response time is corrected based on the environmental characteristics of the test environment. The protection threshold, protection action, protection action triggering conditions and protection response time are summarized to generate an adaptive protection strategy.

[0009] Preferably, the implementation of the adaptive protection strategy, the real-time acquisition of the execution process, the determination of fault level and the implementation of safety interlocking, and the forced discharge of the device under test and initialization of the test equipment after execution specifically include: Based on the protection actions and response times in the adaptive protection strategy, control the test equipment to perform the corresponding protection operations; During the execution process, the operating status information of the test equipment and the status information of the equipment under test are collected in real time. Based on the deviation range and duration of the effective monitoring data, combined with the intensity of real-time fault precursors, the corresponding protection actions and protection response times are matched. When the monitoring data reaches the triggering condition, the protection action is initiated according to the protection response time in the adaptive protection strategy, and the safety interlock is completed within that time. After the protection action is completed, the control discharge circuit forces the device under test to discharge until the voltage at the device under test drops below the safe voltage. Then, the functional modules of the test equipment are reset to their initial state, and the initialization of the test equipment is completed.

[0010] Preferably, the step of collecting status data after the adaptive protection strategy is executed, verifying the protection effect and test data, and optimizing and iterating the adaptive protection strategy specifically includes: Collect full-process execution data during the protection action execution process and status data after execution. Associate and bind the full-process execution data with the multi-dimensional status test data before execution and the preset values ​​of this adaptive protection strategy to generate test run logs. Calculate the protection action response time, state recovery time, and protection threshold deviation rate, and verify the effectiveness of safety interlock locking, the thoroughness of forced discharge, and the non-destructive nature of the equipment and the device under test; By comparing the test data with the expected test results, the completeness and validity of the test data are verified. Based on the full-process execution data and multi-dimensional state feature vectors, the causes of test data anomalies are located. Based on the verification results, the optimization parameters of the adaptive protection strategy are calculated, the protection strategy database is updated, and the optimization and iteration of the adaptive protection strategy are realized.

[0011] An electrical safety control system for a power testing device, used to implement the above-mentioned control method, includes: The multidimensional status data acquisition and processing module is used to synchronously collect test equipment operating status information, device under test status information, test project information and test environment information. It cleans, corrects and aligns the original test information in all dimensions, extracts test equipment operating condition features, device under test status features, test project task features, test environment features and fault precursor features, and performs quantification and standardization processing to build a standardized feature dataset. The multi-dimensional feature vector construction and dynamic threshold adjustment module is used to construct a multi-source fusion multi-dimensional state feature vector based on a standardized feature dataset, perform weighted processing by matching the corresponding feature weight matrix, generate adaptive protection parameters by combining industry standard thresholds and equipment rated parameter boundaries, and perform dynamic closed-loop adjustment by combining real-time acquired state feedback data to output the optimal dynamic protection threshold. Preferred options also include: The adaptive protection strategy generation module is used to search the preset protection strategy database according to the test item type, match the corresponding protection action set, set the protection action triggering conditions according to the dynamically adjusted protection threshold, calculate the protection response time according to the status characteristics of the device under test and correct it according to the test environment characteristics, and generate an adaptive protection strategy containing protection threshold, protection action, protection action triggering conditions and protection response time. The protection strategy execution and safety interlock control module is used to control the test equipment to perform protection operations according to the adaptive protection strategy. During the execution process, it completes fault risk judgment and full-link safety interlock locking. After the protection action is completed, it performs forced discharge of the device under test and reset operation of the test equipment.

[0012] Preferred options also include: The protection effect verification and strategy optimization module is used to collect full-process execution data during the protection action execution process and post-execution status data, calculate the protection action response time, status recovery time and protection threshold deviation rate, verify the effectiveness of safety interlocking, the thoroughness of forced discharge and the non-damage to the equipment and the device under test, calculate the optimization parameters of the adaptive protection strategy based on the verification results, and update the protection strategy database.

[0013] Preferably, the multidimensional state data acquisition and processing module specifically includes: The data synchronization acquisition unit is used to establish a full-process synchronous acquisition link based on the test project information, synchronously acquire raw test data and historical test information, and clean, correct and time-series align the raw test information in all dimensions to obtain the basic test dataset. The feature extraction and standardization unit is used to extract the operating condition features of the test equipment, the status features of the equipment under test, the task features of the test items, the environmental features of the test environment, and the fault precursor features based on the basic test dataset, and to perform quantification and standardization processing to construct a standardized feature dataset.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In this invention, multi-dimensional state data is collected synchronously and multi-source fusion multi-dimensional state feature vectors are constructed. Feature weighting processing and adaptive protection parameter calculation are completed in combination with the safety priority of test items. At the same time, the protection threshold is dynamically adjusted in a closed loop based on real-time operating conditions, which replaces the traditional fixed threshold and manual setting of protection parameters. This effectively solves the problem of mismatch between protection parameters and actual test requirements, greatly reduces the risk of protection maloperation and failure to operate, and improves the adaptability of protection parameters to operating conditions during power testing. Based on the test project type, the corresponding protection action set is matched, the protection response time is calculated by combining the electrical characteristics of the device under test and corrected by environmental characteristics, and an adaptive protection strategy is generated. At the same time, based on the fault classification, the entire link safety interlocking is realized, which solves the problem that the protection of each link of the test equipment, the device under test and the test environment is independent and lacks coordination in the existing technology. It realizes the hierarchical collaborative protection of the entire test process, eliminates protection response lag and protection blind spots, and comprehensively protects the electrical safety of the test process. By collecting data from the entire process of protection strategy execution, the protection effect is verified and the test data is validated. Based on the verification results, the core calculation rules of the protection strategy are optimized in reverse, and the protection strategy database and feature weight matrix library are updated simultaneously. This achieves closed-loop self-learning and self-optimization of the protection strategy, enabling the protection rules to continuously adapt to the protection needs of different test scenarios and different devices under test, thereby improving the versatility of the solution and the reliability of long-term operation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1This is a flowchart of the electrical protection control method in this invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the construction of multi-dimensional feature vectors in the electrical protection control method of this invention. Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the execution of the protection strategy in the electrical protection control method of this invention. Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the operation of the electrical protection control system in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The following description is intended to disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0017] Reference Figure 1 As shown, an electrical protection control method for power testing equipment specifically includes: The system synchronously collects information on the operating status of the test equipment, the status of the device under test, the test items, and the test environment to obtain multi-dimensional status data. It then performs preprocessing and feature extraction to construct a standardized feature dataset. Construct a multi-dimensional state feature vector that includes the test equipment, the device under test, and the test environment, and calculate protection parameters based on the multi-dimensional state feature vector to dynamically adjust the protection threshold. Based on the test item information and protection threshold, obtain the corresponding protection actions and protection response times, and generate an adaptive protection strategy containing protection threshold, protection action and protection response time; An adaptive protection strategy is implemented, and status data is collected synchronously with a unified timestamp and sampling frequency throughout the entire execution cycle. Based on the magnitude and duration of the deviation of the monitoring data from the protection threshold, combined with the fault precursor characteristics, the corresponding protection action is matched. After the protection action is completed, the test equipment is reset to the initial state. Collect status data after the adaptive protection strategy is executed, verify the protection effect and test data, and optimize and iterate the adaptive protection strategy.

[0018] Furthermore, the synchronous acquisition of test equipment operating status information, tested equipment status information, test item information, and test environment information to obtain multi-dimensional status data, and the preprocessing and feature extraction to construct a standardized feature dataset, specifically includes: Based on the test project information, a full-process synchronous data collection link is established, with a unified timestamp and matching the corresponding sampling frequency to synchronously collect raw test data and historical test information, thereby completing the collection of raw test information in all dimensions. The original test information of all dimensions is cleaned and corrected, and the time sequence of the original test information of all dimensions is aligned according to a unified timestamp to obtain a basic test dataset with consistent time sequence and no interference. Based on the basic test dataset and test project information, multi-dimensional key features are extracted to obtain the working condition features of the test equipment, the status features of the equipment under test, the task features of the test project, and the environmental features of the test environment. Simultaneously, fault precursor features in the time domain and frequency domain are extracted, and redundant and invalid features are removed. The acquired multi-dimensional key features are quantified and standardized, and feature classification is completed based on security classification rules to obtain a standardized feature dataset. In this solution, a full-process synchronous acquisition link is established based on the test project information, generating a unified timestamp signal. The test equipment operating status information, the device under test status information, the test project information, and the test environment information are mapped to the same time coordinate system. The corresponding sampling frequency is matched according to the signal characteristics of each information source, controlling each acquisition channel to synchronously acquire raw test data and historical test information, completing the acquisition of raw test information from all dimensions. Data cleaning is performed on the raw test information, and a sliding window-based statistical analysis method is used to identify outliers and calculate the mean and standard deviation of the sampled data within the sliding window. When the value of a sampling point within the window... When the absolute value of the deviation from the mean exceeds a preset standard deviation, the sampling point is determined to be an outlier and is removed. The preset standard deviation is set according to the 3σ principle, usually with a value of 3. For sampling data that follows a normal distribution, the probability of the value being distributed within the interval (μ-3σ, μ+3σ) is 99.73%. Data outside this interval are considered low-probability events, i.e., outliers. Subsequently, a linear interpolation algorithm is used to fill the gaps in the removed data based on adjacent valid data. A digital filtering algorithm is used to eliminate high-frequency noise interference. Error correction is performed on the collected data based on the sensor calibration parameters to compensate for sensor nonlinearity error and zero-point drift. A unified timestamp is used to align the cleaned and corrected multi-source heterogeneous data in time sequence. An interpolation algorithm is used to map data with different sampling rates onto a unified time axis to obtain a time-consistent basic test dataset. Based on the basic test dataset and test item information, multi-dimensional key features are extracted. From the time domain dimension, the average output voltage, average current, power fluctuation rate, and temperature rise rate of the test equipment are extracted as operating condition features. The insulation resistance reduction rate and equivalent impedance change rate of the tested equipment are extracted as state features. The voltage level, current polarity, and test stage identifier of the test item are extracted as task features. The temperature fluctuation value and absolute humidity value of the test environment are extracted. Electromagnetic field strength is used as an environmental feature. Simultaneously, the spectral distribution features, harmonic content features, and energy entropy features of the signal are extracted from the frequency domain as fault precursor features to identify potential fault trends. The correlation and redundancy between features are calculated, redundant and invalid features are eliminated, and the acquired multi-dimensional key features are quantified to transform non-numerical features into numerical features. A normalization algorithm is used to map feature data of different dimensions and orders of magnitude to a unified numerical range to eliminate the impact of dimensional differences on subsequent calculations. Combined with safety classification rules, the standardized features are classified to distinguish between key safety features and auxiliary monitoring features, and a standardized feature dataset is constructed. Among them, the safety classification rules are formulated based on power testing safety standards and historical fault data. Characteristic parameters involving personal safety and core equipment safety are defined as key safety features, while characteristic parameters that only affect testing accuracy and equipment stability are defined as auxiliary monitoring features. Linear regression fitting of the feature parameters to the time series is performed using the least squares method. The slope of this linear regression equation is used as the trend feature value, where the slope is calculated using the following formula:

[0019] In the formula, This is the trend characteristic value, i.e., the slope. This represents the number of sampling points for the time series. For the first The timestamp of each sampling point For the first The characteristic parameter values ​​of each sampling point; Based on the allowable rate of change limit of characteristic parameters specified in the safety operation regulations for power testing equipment, a slope decreasing trend threshold and an increasing trend threshold are set. When the trend characteristic value is negative and its absolute value is greater than the decreasing trend threshold, the characteristic parameter is determined to be decreasing. If the characteristic parameter is insulation resistance or withstand voltage, it is identified as a potential fault trend of decreased insulation performance. When the trend characteristic value is positive and its absolute value is greater than the increasing trend threshold, the characteristic parameter is determined to be increasing. If the characteristic parameter is temperature or leakage current, it is identified as a potential fault trend of overheating or insulation damage. Calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient between any two feature parameters and construct a correlation matrix of the feature parameters to measure the degree of linear correlation between the two feature parameters. The formula for calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient is as follows:

[0020] In the formula, For characteristic parameters With characteristic parameters The Pearson correlation coefficient between them and The first Feature parameters of each sampling point and characteristic parameters The value, and These are the characteristic parameters. With characteristic parameters The mean, This represents the number of sampling points; When the absolute value of the Pearson correlation coefficient is greater than the preset high correlation threshold, it is determined that there is a strong correlation between the two feature parameters. At the same time, when the absolute value of the Pearson correlation coefficient of the two feature parameters is greater than the redundancy threshold, it is determined that one feature parameter is a redundant feature relative to the other feature parameter. For the feature parameters determined to be redundant, the Pearson correlation coefficient between the two feature parameters and the target value of the protection parameter is calculated respectively. The absolute value of the coefficient is taken as the correlation weight between the corresponding feature parameter and the target variable. The feature parameters with a larger correlation weight with the target value of the protection parameter are retained, and the redundant feature parameters with a smaller correlation weight with the target variable are removed. The preset high correlation threshold is set based on the statistical classification standard for correlation coefficient strength and the noise level and measurement accuracy of power test data. The redundancy threshold is determined based on the criteria for judging multicollinearity. The variance inflation factor (VIF) is introduced as a multicollinearity judgment index. When VIF is greater than 10, it is judged that there is severe multicollinearity. Based on the VIF calculation formula, when the VIF value is 10, the corresponding correlation coefficient r is about 0.95. The redundancy threshold is set to a value in the range of 0.9 to 0.95.

[0021] Reference Figure 2 As shown, further, the construction of a multi-dimensional state feature vector including the test equipment, the device under test, and the test environment, and the calculation of protection parameters based on the multi-dimensional state feature vector, and the dynamic adjustment of the protection threshold, specifically includes: Based on the standardized feature dataset and combined with the safety priority of the test project information, the test equipment operating condition features, the test equipment status features, and the test environment features are fused according to preset weights to construct a multi-source fusion multi-dimensional status feature vector, and an independent dimension is reserved for the fault precursor feature quantity. Based on the feature weight matrix corresponding to the test item type, the multi-dimensional state feature vector is weighted and processed. Combined with the industry standard threshold and equipment rated parameter boundary corresponding to the test item, the correction calculation and mandatory safety rule verification are then performed to generate adaptive protection parameters. The adaptive protection parameters are compared and verified with the initial protection threshold and the historical best protection threshold. Dynamic closed-loop adjustment is performed in combination with real-time collected status feedback data. When the risk increases, the threshold is tightened, and when the operating condition is stable, the threshold is relaxed. The adjusted threshold passes the safety boundary verification and meets the preset standard requirements, and the optimal dynamic protection threshold is output. In this scheme, based on a standardized feature dataset, the safety priority of the test project information is determined according to the voltage level, current polarity, and type of the device under test in the test project information. Then, the weight allocation strategy and feature fusion weight adjustment method are determined according to the safety priority. When the safety priority is high, it indicates that the test project involves high voltage or high current, and the status characteristics of the device under test have the greatest impact on safety. Therefore, the weight coefficient of the status characteristics of the device under test is set to the largest, followed by the operating condition characteristics of the test equipment, and the test environment characteristics to the smallest. When the safety priority is low, it indicates that the risk of the test project is low. The weights of each feature can be evenly allocated or the focus can be placed on the features related to test efficiency. Based on the probability of failure caused by abnormal features in each dimension in the historical fault data statistics, the weight coefficients are corrected to increase the weight value of high probability associated features. The operating condition characteristics of the test equipment, the status characteristics of the device under test, and the test environment characteristics are fused according to the feature fusion weights using a weighted summation method to construct a multi-source fusion multi-dimensional status feature vector. The dimension is extended at the end or a specified position of the multi-source fusion multi-dimensional status feature vector, and the extracted fault precursor features are mapped to the extended dimension, reserving an independent dimension for the fault precursor features. Simultaneously, based on the attention requirements for each feature dimension for different test item types in the power testing safety regulations, the basic weight values ​​for each feature dimension are determined. Then, historical fault data is statistically analyzed to calculate the frequency proportion of anomalies in each feature dimension as fault causes, which is used as the correlation strength coefficient. A weighted fusion method is adopted to combine the basic weight values ​​and the correlation strength coefficient to calculate the corrected weight values. The formula is as follows: In the formula, W is the corrected weight value, R is the basic weight value, T is the correlation strength coefficient, and α is the empirical retention coefficient, which ranges from 0.5 to 0.8 and is used to balance the influence of the basic weight value and historical fault data. Finally, normalization is used to ensure that the sum of the weights of all feature dimensions is 1. Finally, a feature weight matrix library is constructed with the test project type as the index. Then, the test project information is retrieved in the feature weight matrix library. The multi-source fusion multi-dimensional state feature vector and the feature weight matrix are multiplied by matrix to process the multi-dimensional state feature vector and obtain the industry standard threshold and equipment rated parameter boundary corresponding to the test project information. The basic weight values ​​are assigned pairwise by using a 1-9 scale to compare and assign values ​​to the feature dimensions. Here, 1 indicates equal importance, 3 indicates slightly important, 5 indicates significantly important, 7 indicates strongly important, and 9 indicates extremely important. For test items with high safety priority, the status feature of the device under test is assigned a value of 7 (strongly important) relative to other dimensions, the operating condition feature of the test device is assigned a value of 3 (slightly important), and the environmental feature of the test environment is assigned a value of 1. Then, a judgment matrix of the analytic hierarchy process is constructed, and the weight vector is calculated by the geometric mean method. Based on the calculation results, the range of basic weight values ​​is set. For test items with low safety priority, the assignment of values ​​to each feature dimension tends to be balanced, and the range of basic weight values ​​for each dimension is set to 0.3~0.4. The processed multidimensional state feature vector is analyzed to extract three key influencing factors: environmental temperature and humidity deviation from the test environment feature dimension, load impedance deviation from the state feature dimension of the tested equipment, and fault precursor intensity from the independent dimension of fault precursor feature quantity. Based on these key influencing factors, corresponding correction coefficients are calculated, including environmental correction coefficient, load correction coefficient, and risk warning coefficient. The environmental correction coefficient is calculated based on the environmental temperature and humidity deviation, the load correction coefficient is calculated based on the load impedance deviation, and the risk warning coefficient is calculated based on the fault precursor intensity. Finally, the industry standard threshold of the protection parameter corresponding to the test item is used as the benchmark, and the benchmark threshold is corrected sequentially through the environmental correction coefficient and the load correction coefficient. The entire correction process is constrained by the mandatory safety rule base. The corrected threshold is then adjusted through the risk warning coefficient, and the initial adaptive protection parameters are output. Among them, the environmental temperature and humidity deviation is the relative change rate between the measured temperature and humidity and the environmental benchmark value of the power testing standard; the load impedance deviation is the relative deviation between the measured load impedance and the rated impedance of the equipment under test; the fault precursor intensity is the quantified value of the degree of deviation of the fault precursor characteristic quantity from its normal fluctuation range; the environmental correction coefficient is equal to 1 minus the absolute value of the environmental temperature and humidity deviation, and is not lower than the safety lower limit value specified in the mandatory safety rule library; the larger the absolute value of the environmental temperature and humidity deviation, the smaller the environmental correction coefficient; the load correction coefficient is equal to 1 minus the absolute value of the load impedance deviation, and is not lower than the safety lower limit value specified in the mandatory safety rule library; the larger the absolute value of the load impedance deviation, the larger the load correction coefficient; the risk warning coefficient is equal to 1 minus the absolute value of the fault precursor intensity, and is not lower than the safety lower limit value specified in the mandatory safety rule library; the larger the absolute value of the fault precursor intensity, the smaller the risk warning coefficient; A mandatory safety rule base containing hard constraints based on electrical safety standards is constructed. The initial adaptive protection parameters are compared and verified to determine whether they meet the hard constraints. If they do, the initial adaptive protection parameters are determined as adaptive protection parameters. If they do not meet the hard constraints, the initial adaptive protection parameters are modified according to the correction rules in the mandatory safety rule base until the hard constraints are met, and adaptive protection parameters are generated. The preset initial protection threshold of the test item and the historical best protection threshold in the historical test records are obtained. The adaptive protection parameters are compared and verified with the initial protection threshold and the historical best protection threshold. After generating adaptive protection parameters, the system simultaneously acquires the preset initial protection threshold for the current test item and the historical best protection threshold stored in historical test records. The adaptive protection parameters are then compared and verified against the initial protection threshold and the historical best protection threshold, respectively. Status feedback data is continuously collected throughout the entire test process, and the adaptive protection parameters are dynamically adjusted in a closed loop based on the status feedback data. When the status feedback data identifies an increase in test condition risk, the adaptive protection parameters are tightened according to the proportion of the increased test condition risk; otherwise, they are loosened. Safety boundary constraints are constructed based on industry standard thresholds and the boundaries of equipment rated parameters. The system determines whether the adjusted adaptive protection parameters are within the feasible region defined by the safety boundary constraints. If they are within the feasible region, they are deemed to meet the preset standard requirements, and the optimal dynamic protection threshold is output. If they exceed the feasible region, the adaptive protection parameters are corrected to the boundary value of the feasible region, and the optimal dynamic protection threshold is output.

[0022] Furthermore, the step of obtaining the corresponding protection actions and protection response times based on the test item information and protection thresholds, and generating an adaptive protection strategy containing protection thresholds, protection actions, and protection response times, specifically includes: The system retrieves the preset protection strategy database based on the test item type, matches the corresponding set of protection actions, and sets the protection action triggering conditions based on the dynamically adjusted protection threshold. The protection response time is calculated based on the state characteristics of the equipment under test. The calculation of the protection response time takes into account the equivalent capacitance, equivalent inductance and insulation resistance of the equipment under test. The protection response time is corrected based on the environmental characteristics of the test environment. The protection threshold, protection action, protection action triggering conditions and protection response time are summarized to generate an adaptive protection strategy. In this solution, based on the test project type in the test project information, a targeted search is performed on the preset protection strategy database to match the set of protection actions corresponding to the current test project type and security priority. Based on the dynamically adjusted optimal protection threshold, corresponding triggering conditions are set for each protection action in the protection action set. The protection strategy database is pre-built based on relevant national and industry standards for power testing, safety control requirements for various types of test projects, historical compliant test datasets, and fault protection cases. The database uses test project type as the search index and has built-in standardized protection action sets corresponding to each test project type. The protection action sets are divided into early warning protection actions, current limiting and amplitude limiting protection actions, emergency shutdown protection actions, safety interlocking and blocking protection actions, and residual charge forced discharge actions according to the protection level. Test projects with different safety priorities correspond to different protection action combinations and execution priorities. The triggering conditions correspond to the protection level of the protection actions. The triggering conditions have built-in anti-jitter judgment logic and fault precursor linkage channel. The anti-jitter judgment logic is used to filter out false triggering signals caused by transient electromagnetic interference. The fault precursor linkage channel is associated with fault precursor feature quantities and is used to activate the pre-judgment logic when a potential fault trend is identified. After the triggering conditions are set, the matching of the triggering conditions and the protection targets of the protection actions is verified. After the verification is passed, the binding of the protection actions and the corresponding triggering conditions is completed. The basic values ​​of protection response time corresponding to each level of protection action are calculated. The calculation process of protection response time uses the equivalent capacitance, equivalent inductance and insulation resistance of the tested equipment as the core calculation parameters. The protection response time is divided into warning response delay, protection action execution delay, instantaneous overcurrent blocking response delay, and minimum forced discharge duration according to the protection level. The equivalent capacitance value serves as the core calculation benchmark for the minimum forced discharge duration, used to match the timing requirements for residual charge discharge of capacitive devices under test. The equivalent inductance value serves as the core calculation benchmark for the protection action execution delay, used to match the timing requirements for transient overshoot suppression and freewheeling circuits of inductive devices under test. The insulation resistance value serves as the core calculation benchmark for the instantaneous overcurrent blocking response delay, used to match the fault development rate and protection sensitivity requirements corresponding to the insulation state of the device under test. During the calculation process, the coupling influence of each electrical parameter on the protection action timing is decoupled based on the equivalent circuit model of the device under test. Combined with the protection response time control requirements of the corresponding type of device under test in the relevant power testing standards, the basic values ​​of protection response time at each level are calculated. The basic values ​​of protection response time are synchronously iterated with the real-time update of the state characteristics of the device under test. The formula for calculating the minimum duration of forced discharge is as follows:

[0023] In the formula, This is the minimum duration for forced discharge. The resistance coefficient of the discharge circuit is determined based on the nominal value of the current-limiting resistor, the on-resistance of the switching elements, and the sum of the line impedance in the hardware topology of the discharge circuit. The equivalent capacitance value of the device under test. This represents the terminal voltage of the device under test at the moment of discharge initiation. The safe voltage threshold is set in accordance with relevant national and industry standards for power testing. The formula for calculating the delay of the protection action is:

[0024] In the formula, To protect the execution delay, The inductive load adjustment coefficient is calculated based on the safety threshold for residual current after power failure of inductive loads as stipulated in the power safety regulations. According to the exponential decay law of current after power failure, the ratio of the initial current at the moment of power failure to the safety threshold for residual current specified in the power safety regulations is calculated. The natural logarithm of this ratio is then taken, and the result is the inductive load adjustment coefficient. The equivalent inductance value of the device under test. The equivalent resistance value of the device under test. The safety margin time is used to compensate for hardware delays and system processing delays. It is determined by accumulating the inherent action time of the actuator, the signal link transmission delay, and the minimum redundancy time specified in the power test safety standard. The formula for calculating the instantaneous blocking response delay is:

[0025] In the formula, For the instantaneous blocking response delay, The baseline response time is determined based on the inherent action time of the test equipment hardware system from receiving the trigger command to completing the action. This value must be verified to be less than the maximum interruption time specified in the safety regulations to ensure a safety margin. The rated insulation resistance value of the equipment under test. The insulation resistance value is monitored in real time. As the insulation response factor, the minimum permissible insulation resistance value of the equipment under test is determined according to the electrical testing safety regulations. And the minimum protection response time required under the corresponding operating conditions. Substituting the values ​​into the instantaneous blocking response delay calculation formula, the solution is obtained by reverse calculation. The formula is: In the formula, As the baseline response time, To minimize protection response time, This is the minimum insulation resistance value; The baseline value of the protection response time is dynamically corrected. After the correction is completed, the optimal dynamic protection threshold, the set of protection actions bound to the trigger conditions, and the corrected protection response time are integrated to generate a complete adaptive protection strategy.

[0026] Reference Figure 3 As shown, further, the implementation of the adaptive protection strategy, the real-time acquisition of the execution process, the determination of fault level and the implementation of safety interlocking, and the forced discharge of the device under test and initialization of the test equipment after execution, specifically include: Based on the protection actions and response times in the adaptive protection strategy, control the test equipment to perform the corresponding protection operations; During the execution process, the operating status information of the test equipment and the status information of the equipment under test are collected in real time. Based on the deviation range and duration of the effective monitoring data, combined with the intensity of real-time fault precursors, the corresponding protection actions and protection response times are matched. When the monitoring data reaches the triggering condition, the protection action is initiated according to the protection response time in the adaptive protection strategy, and the safety interlock is completed within that time. After the protection action is completed, the control discharge circuit forces the device under test to discharge until the voltage at the device under test drops below the safe voltage, and resets each functional module of the test equipment to the initial state, thus completing the initialization of the test equipment. In this solution, the pre-generated adaptive protection strategy is parsed, and the protection action sequence, corresponding protection response time, triggering conditions, execution priority and interlocking rules within the strategy are extracted. The pre-configuration and compliance verification of the protection execution link are completed. After the verification is passed, the execution mechanism of the test equipment is controlled to perform the corresponding protection operation according to the timing requirements of the adaptive protection strategy. The adaptive protection strategy parsing process corresponds to the strategy structure and unique identifier. All extracted parameters are fully matched with the safety priority, dynamic protection threshold, and characteristics of the tested equipment. The pre-configuration of the protection execution link includes pre-confirmation of the working status and pre-allocation of execution permissions for the power output circuit, relay control circuit, safety interlock circuit, and discharge circuit of the tested equipment. The compliance verification is used to verify whether the protection action sequence meets the safety control requirements of relevant national and industry standards for power testing and whether it exceeds the rated parameter boundaries of the tested equipment and the equipment under test. If the verification fails, the execution process is terminated and an early warning is triggered. The execution priority and interlock rules are used to avoid timing and logical conflicts in the parallel execution of multiple protection actions. Protection actions with high safety priority have priority execution permissions. Interlock constraints are set for protection actions with timing mutual exclusion to ensure the execution timing and logic compliance of protection operations. Throughout the entire protection operation cycle, the same timestamp and sampling frequency as the data acquisition stage are used to synchronously and in real time collect the operating status information of the test equipment and the status information of the equipment under test. The real-time collected monitoring data is then compared in real time with the protection thresholds and triggering conditions within the adaptive protection strategy. Among them, the real-time collected test equipment operating status information includes the operating condition characteristics that have been clearly defined in the preceding links, such as output electrical parameters, equipment temperature rise, power circuit conditions, and control module operating status; the real-time collected test equipment status information includes status characteristics such as terminal voltage, leakage current, equivalent impedance, and insulation status; the real-time comparison process is executed synchronously with the sampling process, and the update frequency of the comparison results is consistent with the sampling frequency. The comparison process employs anti-jitter judgment logic to filter out misjudgments caused by instantaneous electromagnetic interference and sampling fluctuations. First, anti-jitter filtering is performed on the real-time acquired monitoring data. Non-continuous instantaneous jump data, i.e., the duration is less than the anti-jitter time threshold, is judged as interference signals. Then, the core parameters of the adaptive protection strategy and the protection action execution logic are adjusted in conjunction. The greater the deviation and the longer the duration, the greater the tightening of the protection threshold and the shorter the instantaneous blocking response delay, the higher the protection action response intensity. That is, the tightening of the protection threshold is equal to the deviation of the monitoring data from the benchmark threshold, and the shortening of the instantaneous blocking response delay is equal to the duration of the monitoring data exceeding the threshold. The protection action response intensity level is consistent with the deviation level. At the same time, combined with the real-time updated fault precursor characteristics, it is ensured that the protection action is completely matched with the actual operating condition risk level. Based on the effective deviation and effective duration of the real-time collected monitoring data, combined with the real-time updated comprehensive fault precursor intensity, the corresponding protection action and protection response time within the adaptive protection strategy are matched; when the monitoring data reaches the triggering condition of the adaptive protection strategy, the corresponding control level protection action is initiated within the dynamically set protection response time, and the full-link safety interlocking and blocking control is completed simultaneously. The control level and response time of protection actions are strictly positively correlated with the real-time risk level. The lower the risk level, the more lightweight protection actions such as early warning and current limiting / amplitude limiting are matched. The longer the protection response time, the higher the risk level, and the more mandatory protection actions such as emergency stop and safety interlock are matched. The shorter the protection response time, the more consistent the matching relationship is with the preset rules in the adaptive protection strategy. The activation process of protection actions follows the protection response time set by the adaptive protection strategy and verifies the execution delay of protection actions in real time. If the execution delay exceeds the compliance boundary of the preset response time, backup protection actions are immediately triggered. The system implements full-link safety interlocking and control, defining the control scope based on the real-time risk level. The higher the risk level, the more comprehensive the control scope. The interlocking content includes forced disconnection of the high-voltage output circuit of the test equipment, reliable disconnection of the main power supply of the test equipment, forced conduction of the grounding safety circuit, unauthorized operation permission interlocking of the human-machine interface, and linkage safety interlocking of related test equipment. The interlocking logic strictly follows the mandatory control requirements of the power safety regulations. The interlock cannot be manually released before the abnormal risk state is eliminated. At the same time, the interlocking execution status is fed back in real time, and subsequent protection operations are only executed after the interlock is confirmed to be in place. After the protection action is completed, the fault condition is eliminated, or the test process is terminated, the forced discharge control process is started. The dedicated discharge circuit is controlled to form a closed-loop discharge path with the device under test, and the device under test is continuously forced to discharge. The terminal voltage of the device under test is monitored in real time until the terminal voltage of the device under test drops below the safe voltage that meets the power safety standards. After the discharge is completed, all functional modules, control circuits, and parameter configurations of the test equipment are reset to the initial safe state before the test, and the initialization of the test equipment is completed. The forced discharge control process is initiated under conditions covering all scenarios, including completion of protection actions, normal termination of the test process, emergency shutdown, and fault state interlocking. The dedicated discharge circuit features a redundant architecture with a main discharge circuit and a backup discharge circuit. The parameters of the discharge circuit match the equivalent electrical characteristics of the device under test. The discharge duration is not less than the minimum forced discharge duration set within the adaptive protection strategy. Terminal voltage monitoring during the discharge process employs a dual-channel redundant acquisition method. Discharge is considered complete only when both acquisition results confirm that the terminal voltage of the device under test has dropped below the safe voltage, ensuring complete discharge of residual charge. The test equipment initialization process includes resetting the power output module, clearing protection logic parameters, benchmark calibration of the acquisition module, compliant release of the safety interlocking status, and resetting the status of the human-machine interface. After initialization, a full-equipment safety status self-check is performed to confirm that all circuits are in a safe standby state, providing compliant initial conditions for subsequent test processes.

[0027] Furthermore, the process of collecting status data after the adaptive protection strategy is executed, verifying the protection effect and test data, and optimizing and iterating the adaptive protection strategy specifically includes: Collect full-process execution data during the protection action execution process and status data after execution. Associate and bind the full-process execution data with the multi-dimensional status test data before execution and the preset values ​​of this adaptive protection strategy to generate test run logs. Calculate the protection action response time, state recovery time, and protection threshold deviation rate, and verify the effectiveness of safety interlock locking, the thoroughness of forced discharge, and the non-destructive nature of the equipment and the device under test; By comparing the test data with the expected test results, the completeness and validity of the test data are verified. Based on the full-process execution data and multi-dimensional state feature vectors, the cause of test data anomalies is located. Based on the verification results, the optimization parameters of the adaptive protection strategy are calculated, the protection strategy database is updated, and the optimization iteration of the adaptive protection strategy is realized. In this scheme, after the adaptive protection strategy is completed and the test process is terminated, full-process data backtracking acquisition is initiated. The acquisition scope covers the timing execution data of the entire protection action execution process, as well as the steady-state state data of the test equipment and the device under test after execution. The full-process timing execution data includes the actual trigger time of the protection action, the actual execution sequence, the actual response delay of each level of protection action, the execution status and feedback signal of the safety interlock, the on / off status of the forced discharge circuit and the full-time timing data of the discharge current, the test equipment operating status information and the device under test status information synchronously acquired throughout the entire protection execution cycle, and the steady-state state data after execution, including the protection... After the action is completed, the operating conditions, functional module status, insulation performance parameters of the test equipment, and the terminal voltage, insulation resistance, equivalent electrical characteristic parameters of the tested equipment are all corresponding to the dimensions of the multi-dimensional state test data. Using the unified timestamp of the whole process as the axis, the collected whole process execution data, the multi-dimensional state test data before execution, the preset protection threshold, preset response time, and preset protection action sequence in this adaptive protection strategy are associated and bound one by one to ensure that all data is traceable and cross-comparable. Finally, a structured test operation log is generated, and the test operation log is synchronously stored in the local storage unit and the protection strategy database. Based on the generated test run logs, extract the corresponding data to complete the quantitative calculation of the core indicators of protection effectiveness, and carry out multi-dimensional compliance verification. The quantitative calculation includes: extracting the actual trigger time and preset trigger time of the protection action, the actual execution delay and preset protection response time, calculating the protection action response time deviation and response accuracy, extracting the entire process time from the fault state triggering to the test equipment and the tested equipment recovering to a safe steady state, calculating the state recovery time, extracting the actual trigger threshold of the protection action and the optimal dynamic protection threshold output by this adaptive protection strategy, and calculating the protection threshold deviation rate. The compliance verification includes: verifying the effectiveness of safety interlocking, verifying whether the triggering sequence of the interlocking action, the interlocking coverage, the interlocking holding state, and the unlocking conditions comply with the relevant standards for power testing safety and the preset rules of the adaptive protection strategy, confirming that the interlock cannot be released non-compliantly before the fault state is eliminated, and that the interlocking execution feedback and action instructions are completely matched. To ensure the thoroughness of forced discharge, verify whether the actual execution time of forced discharge meets the preset minimum forced discharge time requirement, and whether the voltage at the end of the device under test drops below the safe voltage that meets power safety standards after the discharge is completed, confirming that the residual charge of the device under test is completely discharged. To ensure the non-destructive nature of the equipment and the device under test, the rated parameters, insulation performance, and core functional integrity of the test equipment and the device under test are compared before and after the protection strategy is implemented. This confirms that the equipment has no electrical performance damage or functional failure, and that all parameters are within the rated compliance range. All results and verification conclusions are simultaneously stored in the test operation log to form a complete protection effect verification report. Based on the industry standards and specifications, test process requirements, rated parameters of the equipment under test and preset test objectives corresponding to this test project, the expected test results of this test are determined, and the test data collected throughout the test process are compared with the expected test results to verify the completeness and validity of the test data. Among them, integrity verification is used to confirm whether the timing data of the entire test process is continuous and uninterrupted, whether the feature data of the key test nodes is not missing, and whether the data collection of all required test items is complete, without data gaps caused by collection interruption or protection malfunction. Validity verification is used to confirm that the test data is within the reasonable physical range of the corresponding test item, there is no invalid jump data caused by abnormal electromagnetic interference, the data change pattern conforms to the basic electrical principles of power testing, and can truly reflect the test process and the actual state of the equipment under test; After verification, for abnormal test data that does not meet the requirements for completeness and validity, the cause of the abnormality is located by combining the full-process execution data in the test operation log, the multi-dimensional state feature vector before execution, and the time-series data of the protection strategy execution process. The causes of the abnormality are investigated in turn, such as test environment interference, abnormal electrical characteristics of the device under test, insufficient protection threshold adaptability, protection action triggering timing deviation, insufficient protection response time matching, and abnormal acquisition link. The root cause of the abnormal data and the corresponding link are identified, and an abnormality cause analysis report is generated. Based on the protection effect verification results, test data verification conclusions, and anomaly cause analysis reports, the optimization parameters for the entire adaptive protection strategy are calculated. Specifically, for protection action response time deviations exceeding the compliance range, the mapping calculation rules between the electrical characteristics of the tested equipment and the protection response time, as well as the correction rules for the response time based on environmental characteristics, were optimized. Based on the time-series data of the entire test process, the mapping relationship between the equivalent capacitance, equivalent inductance, and insulation resistance values ​​of the tested equipment and the corresponding protection response time was refitted. The measured equivalent capacitance, equivalent inductance, and insulation resistance values ​​were substituted into the mapping calculation rules before correction to calculate the theoretical value of the protection response time. The theoretical value and the actual response time were compared to calculate the deviation of the mapping relationship between each electrical parameter. The baseline coefficient of the mapping calculation was corrected based on the deviation and used as an optimization of the mapping calculation rules. Based on the full-time data of the environmental characteristics of this test and the response time deviation pattern, the correction range of the environmental factors corresponding to environmental temperature and humidity, electromagnetic interference intensity, and grounding loop resistance was re-determined as an optimization of the correction rules for the response time based on environmental characteristics. For cases where the protection threshold deviation rate exceeds the compliance range, optimize the weight allocation rules of the feature weight matrix and the step size and logic of the dynamic closed-loop adjustment of the protection threshold. For safety interlocking and forced discharge verification failures, adjust the trigger threshold of the protection action, such as lowering the trigger threshold to improve sensitivity, to ensure that the interlocking action can be reliably executed under fault conditions and that the discharge duration meets safety requirements; For cases where fault precursor prediction fails, optimize the extraction rules of fault precursor features and the linkage logic of corresponding protection strategies. After calculating the optimized parameters, the optimized adaptive protection strategy is first verified for compliance. This verifies that the optimized strategy complies with relevant national and industry standards for power testing and does not exceed the rated parameter safety boundaries of the test equipment and the equipment under test. After the verification is passed, the optimized adaptive protection strategy, the corresponding test item type, the multi-dimensional state feature vector, and the protection effect verification results are synchronously updated to the protection strategy database. The historical best protection strategy under the same type of test item is replaced, and the feature weight matrix library, protection action matching rules, and threshold adjustment benchmark are synchronously updated to complete the closed-loop optimization iteration of the adaptive protection strategy.

[0028] Reference Figure 4 As shown, an electrical protection control system for a power testing device, used to implement the above-mentioned control method, specifically includes: The multidimensional status data acquisition and processing module is used to synchronously collect test equipment operating status information, device under test status information, test project information and test environment information. It cleans, corrects and aligns the original test information in all dimensions, extracts test equipment operating condition features, device under test status features, test project task features, test environment features and fault precursor features, and performs quantification and standardization processing to build a standardized feature dataset. The multi-dimensional feature vector construction and threshold dynamic adjustment module is used to construct multi-source fusion multi-dimensional state feature vectors based on standardized feature datasets, perform weighted processing by matching the corresponding feature weight matrices, generate adaptive protection parameters by combining industry standard thresholds and equipment rated parameter boundaries, and perform dynamic closed-loop adjustment by combining real-time collected state feedback data to output the optimal dynamic protection threshold.

[0029] Furthermore, it also includes: The adaptive protection strategy generation module is used to search the preset protection strategy database according to the test item type, match the corresponding protection action set, set the protection action triggering conditions according to the dynamically adjusted protection threshold, calculate the protection response time according to the status characteristics of the device under test and correct it according to the test environment characteristics, and generate an adaptive protection strategy containing protection threshold, protection action, protection action triggering conditions and protection response time. The protection strategy execution and safety interlock control module is used to control the test equipment to perform protection operations according to the adaptive protection strategy. During the execution process, it completes fault risk judgment and full-link safety interlock locking. After the protection action is completed, it performs forced discharge of the device under test and reset operation of the test equipment.

[0030] Furthermore, it also includes: The protection effect verification and strategy optimization module is used to collect full-process execution data during the protection action execution process and post-execution status data, calculate the protection action response time, status recovery time and protection threshold deviation rate, verify the effectiveness of safety interlocking, the thoroughness of forced discharge and the non-damage to the equipment and the device under test, calculate the optimization parameters of the adaptive protection strategy based on the verification results, and update the protection strategy database.

[0031] Furthermore, the multidimensional state data acquisition and processing module specifically includes: The data synchronization acquisition unit is used to establish a full-process synchronous acquisition link based on the test project information, synchronously acquire raw test data and historical test information, and clean, correct and time-series align the raw test information in all dimensions to obtain the basic test dataset. The feature extraction and standardization unit is used to extract the operating condition features of the test equipment, the status features of the equipment under test, the task features of the test items, the environmental features of the test environment, and the fault precursor features based on the basic test dataset, and to perform quantification and standardization processing to construct a standardized feature dataset.

[0032] Furthermore, the multidimensional feature vector construction and threshold dynamic adjustment module specifically includes: The multi-dimensional feature vector construction unit is used to fuse the test equipment operating condition features, the device under test status features, and the test environment features according to preset weights based on a standardized feature dataset and the security priority of test project information, to construct a multi-source fusion multi-dimensional status feature vector. The adaptive parameter calculation unit is used to match the corresponding feature weight matrix based on the test item type, perform weighted processing on the multi-dimensional state feature vector, and generate adaptive protection parameters by combining industry standard thresholds and equipment rated parameter boundaries. The dynamic threshold adjustment unit is used to compare and verify the adaptive protection parameters with the initial protection threshold and the historical best protection threshold, and to perform dynamic closed-loop adjustment in combination with the real-time collected status feedback data to output the optimal dynamic protection threshold.

[0033] Furthermore, the adaptive protection strategy generation module specifically includes: The protection action matching unit is used to search the preset protection strategy database according to the test item type, match the corresponding protection action set, and set the protection action triggering conditions according to the dynamically adjusted protection threshold. The response time calculation unit is used to calculate the protection response time based on the state characteristics of the device under test, and to correct the protection response time based on the environmental characteristics of the test environment. The strategy generation unit is used to summarize protection thresholds, protection actions, protection action triggering conditions, and protection response times to generate adaptive protection strategies.

[0034] Furthermore, the protection strategy execution and safety interlock control module specifically includes: The protection execution control unit is used to control the test equipment to perform corresponding protection operations based on the protection actions and protection response times in the adaptive protection strategy. The fault risk assessment and interlocking unit is used to synchronously collect real-time status data of the test equipment and the equipment under test; it performs anti-jitter judgment filtering on the collected data to filter out misjudgments caused by instantaneous electromagnetic interference and sampling fluctuations; based on the deviation range and duration of the effective monitoring data, combined with the real-time updated fault precursor characteristics, it completes the fault risk level assessment and corresponding protection action matching; when the monitoring data reaches the triggering condition, it initiates the full-link safety interlocking of the corresponding control level within the preset protection response time. The discharge and reset unit is used to control the discharge circuit to force discharge the device under test after the protection action is completed, until the voltage at the terminal of the device under test drops below the safe voltage, and reset each functional module of the test equipment to the initial state.

[0035] Furthermore, the protection effect verification and strategy optimization module specifically includes: The data association and log generation unit is used to collect the full-process execution data during the protection action execution process and the status data after execution. It associates and binds the full-process execution data with the multi-dimensional status test data before execution and the preset values ​​of this adaptive protection strategy to generate test run logs. The effect verification unit is used to calculate the protection action response time, state recovery time, and protection threshold deviation rate, and to verify the effectiveness of safety interlocking, the thoroughness of forced discharge, and the non-destructive nature of the equipment and the device under test. The optimization iteration unit is used to compare the test data with the expected test results, verify the completeness and validity of the test data, calculate the optimization parameters of the adaptive protection strategy based on the verification results, and update the protection strategy database.

[0036] The advantages of this invention lie in its ability to simultaneously collect comprehensive state data from the testing equipment, the device under test, the testing environment, and the test items. This enables standardized feature extraction and multi-source fusion to construct multi-dimensional state feature vectors. Combined with the safety priority of the test items, feature weighting and adaptive protection parameter calculation are performed. Furthermore, the protection threshold is dynamically adjusted in a closed loop based on real-time operating conditions. This effectively solves the problems of mismatched protection parameters with actual testing requirements and the susceptibility to errors in manual settings, significantly reducing the risk of protection malfunctions and failures to operate. Simultaneously, it matches the corresponding protection action set based on the test item type, calculates the protection response time based on the core electrical characteristics of the device under test, and dynamically corrects it using real-time environmental characteristics, generating an adaptive protection strategy. Finally, based on fault classification, it achieves full-link safety interlocking and full-process collaborative protection, comprehensively ensuring electrical safety in complex testing scenarios.

[0037] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electrical protection control method for power testing equipment, characterized in that, include: The system synchronously collects information on the operating status of the test equipment, the status of the device under test, the test items, and the test environment to obtain multi-dimensional status data. It then performs preprocessing and feature extraction to construct a standardized feature dataset. Construct a multi-dimensional state feature vector that includes the test equipment, the device under test, and the test environment, and calculate protection parameters based on the multi-dimensional state feature vector to dynamically adjust the protection threshold. Based on the test item information and protection threshold, obtain the corresponding protection actions and protection response times, and generate an adaptive protection strategy containing protection threshold, protection action and protection response time; An adaptive protection strategy is implemented, and status data is collected synchronously with a unified timestamp and sampling frequency throughout the entire execution cycle. Based on the magnitude and duration of the deviation of the monitoring data from the protection threshold, combined with the fault precursor characteristics, the corresponding protection action is matched. After the protection action is completed, the test equipment is reset to the initial state. Collect status data after the adaptive protection strategy is executed, verify the protection effect and test data, and optimize and iterate the adaptive protection strategy.

2. The electrical protection control method for a power testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synchronous acquisition of test equipment operating status information, tested equipment status information, test item information, and test environment information yields multi-dimensional status data. This data is then preprocessed and feature extracted to construct a standardized feature dataset, specifically including: Based on the test project information, a full-process synchronous data collection link is established, with a unified timestamp and matching the corresponding sampling frequency to synchronously collect raw test data and historical test information, thereby completing the collection of raw test information in all dimensions. The original test information across all dimensions is cleaned and corrected, and the time sequence of the original test information across all dimensions is aligned according to a unified timestamp to obtain a basic test dataset with consistent time sequence and no interference. Based on the basic test dataset and test project information, multi-dimensional key features are extracted to obtain the working condition features of the test equipment, the status features of the equipment under test, the task features of the test project, and the environmental features of the test environment. Simultaneously, fault precursor features in the time domain and frequency domain are extracted, and redundant and invalid features are removed. The acquired multi-dimensional key features are quantified and standardized, and feature classification is completed based on security classification rules to obtain a standardized feature dataset.

3. The electrical protection control method for a power testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The construction of a multi-dimensional state feature vector encompassing the test equipment, the device under test, and the test environment, and the calculation of protection parameters based on the multi-dimensional state feature vector to dynamically adjust the protection threshold, specifically includes: Based on the standardized feature dataset and combined with the safety priority of the test project information, the test equipment operating condition features, the test equipment status features, and the test environment features are fused according to preset weights to construct a multi-source fusion multi-dimensional status feature vector, and an independent dimension is reserved for the fault precursor feature quantity. Based on the feature weight matrix corresponding to the test item type, the multi-dimensional state feature vector is weighted and processed. Combined with the industry standard threshold and equipment rated parameter boundary corresponding to the test item, the correction calculation and mandatory safety rule verification are then performed to generate adaptive protection parameters. The adaptive protection parameters are compared and verified with the initial protection threshold and the historical best protection threshold. Dynamic closed-loop adjustment is performed in combination with real-time collected status feedback data. When the risk increases, the threshold is tightened, and when the operating condition is stable, the threshold is relaxed. The adjusted threshold passes the safety boundary verification and meets the preset standard requirements, and the optimal dynamic protection threshold is output.

4. The electrical protection control method for a power testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process involves obtaining corresponding protection actions and response times based on test item information and protection thresholds, and generating an adaptive protection strategy containing protection thresholds, protection actions, and protection response times. Specifically, this includes: The system retrieves the preset protection strategy database based on the test item type, matches the corresponding set of protection actions, and sets the protection action triggering conditions based on the dynamically adjusted protection threshold. The protection response time is calculated based on the state characteristics of the equipment under test. The calculation of the protection response time takes into account the equivalent capacitance, equivalent inductance and insulation resistance of the equipment under test. The protection response time is corrected based on the environmental characteristics of the test environment. The protection threshold, protection action, protection action triggering conditions and protection response time are summarized to generate an adaptive protection strategy.

5. The electrical protection control method for a power testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The implementation of the adaptive protection strategy, including real-time data acquisition during execution, fault classification and safety interlocking, and forced discharge and initialization of the test equipment upon completion, specifically includes: Based on the protection actions and response times in the adaptive protection strategy, control the test equipment to perform the corresponding protection operations; During the execution process, the operating status information of the test equipment and the status information of the equipment under test are collected in real time. Based on the deviation range and duration of the effective monitoring data, combined with the intensity of real-time fault precursors, the corresponding protection actions and protection response times are matched. When the monitoring data reaches the triggering condition, the protection action is initiated according to the protection response time in the adaptive protection strategy, and the safety interlock is completed within that time. After the protection action is completed, the control discharge circuit forces the device under test to discharge until the voltage at the device under test drops below the safe voltage. Then, the functional modules of the test equipment are reset to their initial state, and the initialization of the test equipment is completed.

6. The electrical protection control method for a power testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of collecting status data after the adaptive protection strategy is executed, verifying the protection effect and test data, and optimizing and iterating the adaptive protection strategy specifically includes: Collect full-process execution data during the protection action execution process and status data after execution. Associate and bind the full-process execution data with the multi-dimensional status test data before execution and the preset values ​​of this adaptive protection strategy to generate test run logs. Calculate the protection action response time, state recovery time, and protection threshold deviation rate, and verify the effectiveness of safety interlock locking, the thoroughness of forced discharge, and the non-destructive nature of the equipment and the device under test; By comparing the test data with the expected test results, the completeness and validity of the test data are verified. Based on the full-process execution data and multi-dimensional state feature vectors, the causes of test data anomalies are located. Based on the verification results, the optimization parameters of the adaptive protection strategy are calculated, the protection strategy database is updated, and the optimization and iteration of the adaptive protection strategy are realized.

7. An electrical protection control system for a power testing device, used to implement the control method of any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: The multidimensional status data acquisition and processing module is used to synchronously collect test equipment operating status information, device under test status information, test project information and test environment information. It cleans, corrects and aligns the original test information in all dimensions, extracts test equipment operating condition features, device under test status features, test project task features, test environment features and fault precursor features, and performs quantification and standardization processing to build a standardized feature dataset. The multi-dimensional feature vector construction and threshold dynamic adjustment module is used to construct multi-source fusion multi-dimensional state feature vectors based on standardized feature datasets, perform weighted processing by matching the corresponding feature weight matrices, generate adaptive protection parameters by combining industry standard thresholds and equipment rated parameter boundaries, and perform dynamic closed-loop adjustment by combining real-time collected state feedback data to output the optimal dynamic protection threshold.

8. The electrical protection control system for a power testing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: The adaptive protection strategy generation module is used to search the preset protection strategy database according to the test item type, match the corresponding protection action set, set the protection action triggering conditions according to the dynamically adjusted protection threshold, calculate the protection response time according to the status characteristics of the device under test and correct it according to the test environment characteristics, and generate an adaptive protection strategy containing protection threshold, protection action, protection action triggering conditions and protection response time. The protection strategy execution and safety interlock control module is used to control the test equipment to perform protection operations according to the adaptive protection strategy. During the execution process, it completes fault risk judgment and full-link safety interlock locking. After the protection action is completed, it performs forced discharge of the device under test and reset operation of the test equipment.

9. The electrical protection control system for a power testing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: The protection effect verification and strategy optimization module is used to collect full-process execution data during the protection action execution process and post-execution status data, calculate the protection action response time, status recovery time and protection threshold deviation rate, verify the effectiveness of safety interlocking, the thoroughness of forced discharge and the non-damage to the equipment and the device under test, calculate the optimization parameters of the adaptive protection strategy based on the verification results, and update the protection strategy database.

10. The electrical protection control system for a power testing device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The multidimensional state data acquisition and processing module specifically includes: The data synchronization acquisition unit is used to establish a full-process synchronous acquisition link based on the test project information, synchronously acquire raw test data and historical test information, and clean, correct and time-series align the raw test information in all dimensions to obtain the basic test dataset. The feature extraction and standardization unit is used to extract the operating condition features of the test equipment, the status features of the equipment under test, the task features of the test items, the environmental features of the test environment, and the fault precursor features based on the basic test dataset, and to perform quantification and standardization processing to construct a standardized feature dataset.

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